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Journal articles on the topic 'Expert activities'
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Mervis, J. "Expert Panel Criticizes Federal Activities." Science 262, no. 5140 (December 10, 1993): 1642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.262.5140.1642.
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Hartig, Margaret Thornan. "Expert Nursing Assistant Care Activities." Western Journal of Nursing Research 20, no. 5 (October 1998): 584–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019394599802000506.
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KHOMUTENKO, Vira, Alla KHOMUTENKO, Varvara SVITLOOKA, and Dmytro MOTYHIN. "Theoretical-methodical approaches to assess the effectiveness of the court-expert activities." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 11/1 (November 21, 2019): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2019.11(1).7.
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Introduction. In the theory of expertise there is no comprehensive concept of evaluating the effectiveness of court-expert activity in general and the work of a court expert in particular, the corresponding conceptual apparatus of "court-expert efficiency" has not been fully developed and systematized, theoretical and normative criteria and indicators to assess its effectiveness have not been formed. This made it an expedient to conduct a study aimed at determining the criteria and indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of court expertise. The purpose of the work is to theoretically justify and develop methodological recommendations related to the formation of a system of criteria and indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of court-expert activity. Results. The article is devoted to the exploration of theoretical and methodological approaches to the evaluation of the effecti-veness of the court-expert scientific research institutes (institutions). Criteria have been defined and indicators of effectiveness of court-expert activity have been grouped that related to organizational-managerial, scientific-methodological and informational support, execution of a court experts expertise and providing an conclusion, with selection and training of court- experts. Conclusion. The use of a complex integral indicator to evaluate the effectiveness of court-expert activity and to identify the impact of each direction of activity of research institutes (institutions) of court expertise on the effectiveness as a whole is substantiated.
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Wang, Xiao-yi, Yi Yang, Yu-ting Bai, Jia-bin Yu, Zhi-yao Zhao, and Xue-bo Jin. "Fuzzy Boost Classifier of Decision Experts for Multicriteria Group Decision-Making." Complexity 2020 (August 17, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8147617.
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The expert is a vital role in multicriteria decision-making, which provides source decision opinions. In the existing group decision-making activities, the selection of experts is usually conducted artificially, which relies on personal subjective experience. It has been the urgent demand for an automatic selection of experts, which can help to determine their weights for the follow-up decision calculation. In this paper, an expert classification method is proposed to solve the problem. First, the CatBoost classification algorithm is improved by integrating the 2-tuple linguistic, which can effectively extract the features of samples. Second, the framework of the expert classification is designed. The flow combines the expert resume collection, expert classification, and database update. Third, a decision-making case is analyzed for the expert selection issue. The experiment and result indicate that the proposed classifier performs better than the classic methods. The proposed classification method of the decision experts can support the automatic and intelligent operation of the decision-making activities.
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W, Yunanri, Doddy Teguh Yuwono, and Ika Safitri Windarti. "SYSTEMATIC OF EXPERT SYSTEM BASE ON SOFTWARE AND CALCULATION METHOD." Jurnal Informatika, Teknologi dan Sains 2, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.51401/jinteks.v2i1.552.
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The expert system is a system that seeks to adopt human knowledge into technology, so that technology can solve problems as is usually done by experts. A good expert system is designed to solve a particular problem by imitating the work of the experts. With expert systems, the layman can solve quite complicated problems, because in fact the problem can only be solved with the help of experts. For experts, the expert system will also assist its activities as a highly experienced assistant. Currently there are many studies that raise cases about expert systems. This study aims to create systematic on expert systems based on a collection of expert system cases and classify them based on the tools used, implementation types and frequently used methods.
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Abdumalik, Zulfukorov Abduvahob. "Information Support For Forensic Expert Activities Of Forensic Institutions: Current Problems Of Theory And Practice." American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 03, no. 01 (January 30, 2021): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume03issue01-16.
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The article examines the process of informatization of the professional activity of forensic experts, the main directions of using computer technology in the informatization of the practical activities of experts, it studies a number of problems in the field of information support of forensic expert activity and in this regard, it is proposed to supplement Article 27 of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On forensic examination”.
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Baker, Joseph, Jean Côté, and Bruce Abernethy. "Learning from the Experts: Practice Activities of Expert Decision Makers in Sport." Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 74, no. 3 (September 2003): 342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2003.10609101.
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Larysa, Hromozdova, Derbenova Yana, Ablova Olena, Ilchenko Viktoriia, and Yurchenko Oksana. "Problems of re-orientation of foreign trade activities of Ukraine." Problems of Innovation and Investment Development, no. 22 (April 10, 2020): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33813/2224-1213.22.2020.2.
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The purpose of the article is to study the dynamics of Ukraine’s export-importoperations with EU and CIS countries and to identify the weaknesses of industriesthat have difficulty reorienting exports. The object of the study is export-importactivity of Ukraine. The subject of the research is the problem of reorientationof export of some industries of Ukraine from the lost CIS markets to the EUcountries. the methodological bases of the research are dialectical methods ofscientific knowledge, systematic approach; the study used the work of foreign andlocal experts on international economic relations between Ukraine and the EU.The methods of scientific comparative analysis, general scientific methods oftheoretical, empirical research and method of expert evaluation were used. thescientific novelty of the article is that for the first time the data on the analysisof export-import operations of Ukraine with the EU and CIS countries, theircomparative characteristics, including by industry, are given. conclusions. Theissue of reorientation of Ukraine’s exports by sectors is considered, the industries that have been most adapted to the change in the vector of Ukraine’s foreigneconomic priorities have been identified. It has been found that the export ofhigh-tech industries is experiencing the greatest difficulties due to the loss ofsome CIS markets and the need for significant investments to adapt to the highEU standards.
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Chumak, V. V. "International Experience of Organization and Activities of Forensic Expert Institutions." Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 91, no. 4 (December 20, 2020): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/v.2020.4.22.
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The author of the article studies international experience of the organization and activities of forensic institutions on the example of such countries as Germany, France, the Netherlands, Czech Republic and the United Kingdom. The legislative features of the functioning of forensic institutions and the regulation of the legal status of experts are noted. It is determined that regardless of the departmental subordination of forensic institutions, their activities are based on international standards.
The author has identified a scientific novelty, which consists in the further development of the provisions obtained by scientists and scholars on the organizational structure and practical activities of forensic institutions both in Ukraine and abroad, as well as the formulation of new conceptual provisions, conclusions and propositions for improving regulation of forensic activity in Ukraine.
The author of the article proves that the organization and activities of forensic institutions in France are based on national and international law regulating the specifics of forensic examinations and the legal status of the expert.
The author concludes that forensic activities in Germany, France, Spain, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom are carried out effectively, and its legal regulation takes place without violation of human rights and freedoms in compliance with international rules and standards. Their legislation, which addresses the organization and operation of forensic institutions, is aimed at respecting the rights and freedoms of a man and citizen, protection of the rights and interests of forensic experts.
The author of the article defines that the implementation of international norms and standards of organization and activity of forensic institutions brings expert institutions to a new level of functioning. This makes it possible to create an effective mechanism for the management and operation of forensic institutions and experts, which will determine the high requirements for forensic examination, increase the professional level and efficiency of employees of expert institutions, which can meet the needs of modern justice.
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Qixuan, Wei. "EXPERT ASSESSMENT IN EDUCATION MANAGERS’ PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES." Science and Education 30, no. 1 (January 2016): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2414-4665-2016-1-27.
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Granjou, Céline, and Isabelle Mauz. "Expert Activities as Part of Research Work." Science & Technology Studies 25, no. 2 (January 1, 2012): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.55273.
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In a fast-growing body of literature on the science-policy interface, surprisingly few studies have examined the way researchers’ expert and advisory activities are embedded in scientific practice and academic careers. Little attention has been paid to scientists’ points of view on their own expert and advisory activities. Drawing on an empirical survey of biodiversity studies, we focus on scholars’ choices and trajectories in order to document why and how they become involved in this range of activities. Our results show how expert activities and scientific work are co-produced and articulated. A key result is that the nature of expert and advisory activities researchers are involved in, is closely related to the way they consider it possible to generalize ecological knowledge to various fields and networks. We also show that expert and advisory activities can help biodiversity scientists meet some of the requirements weighing on academic work (i.e. securing funds, showing social relevance or obtaining access to the field).
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Petrova, I., and O. Dontsova. "PECULIARITIES OF FORENSIC COMMODITY EXPERT PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES FORMATION." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 21, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.1.2020_11.
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The authors solved the task of describing the peculiarities of the forensic commodity expert professional competencies formation, determining the components of this process and ways for its further development. Based on the analysis of the domestic scientists papers, which reflect the issues of forming staff capacity in a company and its development, ways for the possible use
of scientists developments while training forensic institutions specialists in general and forensic commodity experts in particular are proposed. It has been established that the set of characteristic features of a forensic commodity examination distinguishes it from other types of examinations and should become the basis for the theoretical foundations formation of the forensic commodity expert competencies. It is emphasized that activities of a forensic commodity expert always require creativity and scientific knowledge for research conduct, and the system of his competencies should include basic competencies, growth competencies, strategic competencies and their characteristics should be given. At the same time, a set of functional competencies is defined, which enhance disclosure of the competence concept “functional mastery” in different areas of the forensic commodity expert activity.
Based on the peculiarities of the activities of various specialties forensic experts, including forensic commodity experts, it was found that when describing the structure of a forensic commodity expert professiogram along with professional knowledge (special knowledge and knowledge of legal norms), skills and abilities should be included. It is proved that the introduction into practice of forensic experts certification of such kind of knowledge control as testing, will help to solve most of the problems regarding the quality of preparation of forensic commodity experts and a number of advantages of such knowledge control is described. Recommendations on the assessment of forensic experts have been developed. An analysis of scientific papers of leading scientists and practical activities of forensic experts made it possible to define the skills and abilities that forensic commodity expert needs in his work, namely: specific methodological, research, communicative-organizational, and a detailed structure of each group with indication of competencies is given.
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Dyakonova, O. G. "The Expert Right to Submit Petitions as an Exercise Form of Expert Initiative." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 14, no. 2 (July 13, 2019): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2019-14-2-24-34.
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The issues of an expert right of initiative when undertaking a study is very relevant to this day since there is still no proper legal regulation. The provisions of legislation on expert activities of the member States of the Eurasian Economic Union, the Model Law of the Eurasian Economic Community on forensic activities, as well as scientific positions on the nature, structure, exercise, limits and regulation of expert initiative are analyzed in the article. An opportunity to establish the expert initiative right by entitling him to submit petitions connected with appointment and production of forensic examination is examined. The author proposes to make additions to the existing legislation on forensic activities to enshrine the specific expert right to submit a range of petitions. For instance, to invite other experts to examination; to extend the term of examination; to change the wording of the issues for expertise preserving their semantic content in the decision on the appointment of an examination, to withdraw permission for a proceedings participant to attend an examination if he obstructs the work of an expert. As a possible way to reduce the time and financial costs to resolute the expert’s petitions an exemplary order of their submission in electronic form is proposed.
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Whitaker, Leslie A., and G. Spencer Miller. "Some Guidelines for Human Factors Expert Witness Testimony." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no. 5 (September 1987): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100526.
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In recent years, many scientists have been asked to provide input as experts in legal proceedings (Sanders and McCormick, 1987). There are occasions when such activities go beyond consultations and reports, resulting in testimony for a deposition or a trial. Since such testimony will involve the specialized arena of a legal venue, there is a substantial need for the expert witness to understand this legal role. A set of guidelines is presented to help prepare the witness for the legal constraints within which testimony will be given. These guidelines address aspects of the following areas: defining your expertise, preparing for testimony, and what you can expect from your client (the attorney). The application of these guidelines is illustrated through expert testimony given by the first author in a variety of cases.
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Nestor, Nataliia. "THE CONCEPT OF STANDARDIZATION OF FORENSIC AND EXPERT ACTIVITIES." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 64 (May 7, 2019): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2019.64.04.
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The article distinguishes three concepts: «standardization», «accreditation» and «certification». All three aspects are tools for ensuring control over the quality, reliability and scientific authenticity of expert studies. Standards of forensic activities are fixed in the methods of conducting expert research; it has been considered the possibility of unifying the methodological support of expert research and related activities. Foremost, the standards of forensic activities are fixed in the methods of conducting expert research, which are, relatively, programs for solving expert problems and a list of sequential operations. It is the methodological aspect of the quality of forensic examinations that is the focus of this article. Standardization of individual areas of expert research is often considered as the next step after accreditation of forensic institutions to implement international standards in expert justice. Most expert institutions both in Ukraine and internationally are accredited. However, the accreditation procedure is reduced to the issues of documentation and management and to a large extent leaves aside the scientific and methodological aspects of the implementation of expert activities. Standardization of forensic activity should be understood as an activity to achieve optimal orderliness of forensic expert activity by unifying the methodological support of expert research and related activities. It is important to understand that standardization is a continuous process, and involves the development of new standard techniques with the advent of new types of examinations. Key words: forensic expert activity, standardization, unification, accreditation, attestation, judicial practice, methodology.
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Spielman, Bethany J. "Professionalism in Forensic Bioethics." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 30, no. 3 (2002): 420–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2002.tb00411.x.
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As the public profile of bioethics rises, and as litigation about issues ranging from assisted reproduction to gene therapy multiplies, the presence of bioethics experts in a litigation context has become more common. Dozens of appellate opinions refer to bioethics testimony in the lower courts. Today's technical advisory services for attorneys advertise bioethics experts along with experts in scientific fields. A single bioethicist has served as an expert in more than fifty cases. In all likelihood, opportunities for bioethicists to fill the role of testifying expert will grow as medicine and biotechnology become more complex. Bioethics experts have also been involved in several other kinds of litigation-related activities, including investigation, consultation with attorneys, preparing reports that express expert opinions, and explaining and defending these opinions by deposition.Despite the growth of these activities by bioethicists, they have never been free of controversy, have recently been received with little enthusiasm by the judiciary, and could become highly problematic in the future.
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Jardat, Rémi, Jérôme Meric, and Flora Sfez. "Understanding expert practices in order to control expert activities: The case of trading." Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration 35, no. 3 (January 22, 2018): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjas.1463.
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Simakova-Yefremian, E. "ON THE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT OF LEGISLATION REGARDING IMPLEMENTATION OF FORENSIC SCIENCE ACTIVITIES IN UKRAINE." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 19, no. 1 (April 2, 2020): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.1.2019.09.
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The issue of reforming forensic expert support for justice and the need to improve the legislation of Ukraine regarding forensic science activity were investigated. Despite the fact that in recent years, the norms of the laws of Ukraine have been actively subjected to quite significant changes, some issues remain to be resolved on the legal regulation of forensic expert support for justice in the state. The analysis of the specialized literature and relevant legislation confirms the relevance of this issue. On the basis of studying the norms of the basic and procedural legislation regarding forensic science, proposals for its improvement are presented. So, in order to improve the legislation governing forensic science and the unambiguous application of the conceptual apparatus in this field, it is proposed to change the title of Article 1 of the Law of Ukraine On Judicial Examination and introduce the basic terms used in this Law in the the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine, Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine, Code of Administrative Proceedings of Ukraine. Improving the regulatory framework for the appointment and performing forensic examinations, as well as the legal status of a forensic expert on the basis of creating the proper legal status and legal support for organizing activities of the system of state forensic expert institutions, as well as forensic experts who do not work in these institutions; increasing the role of legitimate ways to motivate forensic experts; combating corruption in the field of forensics is one of the most important tasks of forensic expert support in the state. The implementation of the proposed measures will be a powerful lever of influence on the processes of improving forensic activities.
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Komissarova, S. A. "Resource Availability for Deputy Activities: Expert Analysis Practice." Vestnik Povolzhskogo instituta upravleniya 17, no. 4 (2017): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1682-2358-2017-4-131-139.
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Schröder, Sandra, Mohamed Soliman, and Matthias Riebisch. "Architecture enforcement concerns and activities - An expert study." Journal of Systems and Software 145 (November 2018): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2018.08.025.
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Janssens, Guy, Linda van Moorst, Rob Kusters, and Harry Martin. "An expert-based taxonomy of ERP implementation activities." Journal of Computer Information Systems 60, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2018.1429958.
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Ivanova, Anna. "The Role of Scientific Activities in the Germany`s Chambers of Commerce." Contemporary Europe 101, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope12021121129.
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The analysis of a model of the German Chambers of Commerce helps to explore the assumption, that along with consulting, expert function (scientific and analytical), viz. collecting of empirical data (business surveys and interviews with entrepreneurs), analytics (preparation of analytical reviews for member firms), expert networking (joint projects with scientific institutions; holding events with the involvement of practicing experts and economic researchers) is one of its key activities. Four main directions are formulated in this area: data collection, interaction with researchers (preparation of analytics), dissemination, and the use of the results on decision-making level (regional/federal government) in order to protect business interests. In conclusion, the author highlights a number of relevant principles for chamber-nets developing in RF and other EAEU countries.
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Zherebko, О. "WAYS AND METHODS OF IMPROVING FORENSIC ACTIVITIES." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 65 (May 18, 2020): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2020.65.11.
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The article analyzes forensic activity as one of the forms of activity in the field of legal proceedings. A comprehensive analysis of forensic activity has allowed formulating a number of proposals regarding ways and means of improving it. Ways of improving forensic activities have been identified and proposed: increasing the level of technical and forensic support for the disclosure, investigation and prevention of crimes; implementation of measures to increase the effectiveness of the participation of specialists of expert services in conducting investigative actions and operational-search measures. There is also indicated on improving research activities and introducing into practice new technical and forensic tools, forensic methods and techniques. Conducting forensic records, analytical and organizational work based on the introduction of modern automated systems and technologies; synthesis and dissemination of best practices and analysis of expert practice; improving the selection, training and placement of employees of expert units, strengthening official and executive discipline. Intensification of interaction between the expert services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs with other departments of the internal affairs bodies, as well as with other law enforcement agencies, including at the interstate level is described.
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Kurnia, Ridhagitha, Retno Widyaningrum, and Diana Ariani. "Pengembangan Buku Pop Up Untuk Kegiatan Bercerita Anak di PAUD Bougenville." Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpi.022.05.
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This development research aims to create product in the form of pop up story books. This book is a learning medium that is used for storytelling activities in a Play Group named Bougenville. This development research was carried out by following the Baker & Schutz development model, which consist of 1) Formulation, 2) Instructional Specification, 3) Item Tryout, 4) Product Development, 5) Product Tryout, 6) Product Revision, and 7) Operation Analysis. The product evaluation is done through Expert Review and Field Test. The expert review phase involves 1 subject matter expert and 1 media expert. The average score obtained from experts review is 3.7 which considered as very good. For field test, the pop up story book has tested on 15 students, The average score obtained at this phase is 88% which considered as good. So, it can be concluded, this development research has created an Animal Theme Pop Up Book which used for storytelling activities in Bougenville Play Group.
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Koizumi, Hatsue, and Hiromi Yamashita. "Deficit Lay or Deficit Expert: How Do “Experts” in Environmental Projects Perceive Lay People and Lay Knowledge?" SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (July 2021): 215824402110231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211023155.
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This research reveals expert perceptions of lay people and lay knowledge in environmental projects, such as information giving activities, research projects, and environmental planning projects. A semistructured interview method was employed with six researchers from a university in Sweden. Although the expert–lay relationship has traditionally been discussed within a “deficit model,” many experts in this research expressed a more positive view of lay people and lay knowledge; however, situations where lay knowledge was considered useful varied. The experts’ motivation for communication was analyzed within the four communication modes of education, responding, supplementing, and dialogue. Their recognition of the “deficit expert” was one of the remarkable findings: the experts acknowledged their knowledge and competence in understanding “reality” had its limitations and questioned the objectivity and universality of science in relation to environmental science.
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Khrystov, Oleksandr, and Vladyslav Lipynskyi. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FORENSIC EXPERT ACTIVITY: AN ADMINISTRATIVE, CRIMINAL, CRIMINALISTIC, ECONOMIC APPROACH." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-2-242-248.
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The article is devoted to the economic and legal comparative analysis of judicial expert activities. The issues concerning the problems of quality assurance of the expert activities, harmonization and convergence of the understanding of the possibilities of judicial economic expertise in solving problems of justice, taking into account economic conditions. As a first step to creating a general theoretical development for judicial economic expertise could be the creation of a list of vocabulary of basic terms of forensic economic expertise. The legislation of Ukraine, which regulates activities of forensic experts, is as follows: the Law of Ukraine “On Forensic Examination”, “Instruction on Conducting Forensic Examination”, “Procedure for Certification and Official Registration of Forensic Examinations Procedure”, “Some Issues of Provision of Paid Services by Research Institutions on Forensic Examination of the Ministry of Justice”, “On Approval of the Instructions on Procedure and Amount of Reimbursement and Compensation to Individuals Invited by Inquiry Agencies, Pretrial Investigation Agencies, Procuracy, Courts or Authorities that Oversee Cases of Administrative Violations, and Payments to Governmental Research Institutions on Forensic Examination for Expert and Specialized Services Provided by their Employees” approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, and a set of multi-agency orders. The common features include the existence of department specialized forensic expert institutions, which are entrusted to conduct an examination as follows: specialized research institutes of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine and the Ministry of Healthcare, expert services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Security Service of Ukraine, etc. Moreover, forensic examinations, which are often arranged in criminal proceedings and sometimes in administrative proceedings, can be carried out exclusively by forensic experts who are employees of such institutions. At the same time, the law provides for the possibility of carrying out forensic expert activity on a business basis, on the ground of special authorization, as well as onetime agreements, by citizens who have the qualification of a forensic expert, which is often used in administrative proceedings. Neither a judge nor any other persons, who are involved in administrative or criminal procedures, have this kind of expert knowledge. By virtue of the knowledge that is converted by forensic experts in the source of evidence, important issues of a case are resolved that would be impossible without forensic expertise. In legal science, there is an idea that expert activity, due to its specificity, is much wider than expert procedure regardless of the fact whether it is carried out in administrative or criminal procedures.
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Laurent, Brice, and Francois Thoreau. "Situated Expert Judgement." Science & Technology Studies 32, no. 4 (December 13, 2019): 158–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.65249.
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In this paper we discuss the kind of expert judgement demanded by the development of a particular class of models known as “Quantitative Structure-Activities Relationship” (QSAR) models, used to predict the toxicity of chemical substances, for regulatory and other purposes. We analyse the production of these models, and attempts at standardizing them. We show that neither a technical nor a procedural standardization is possible. As a consequence, QSAR models cannot ground a production of knowledge along the lines of “mechanical objectivity” or “regulatory objectivity”. Instead, QSAR models imply that expert judgement is situated, re-worked for each new case, and implies an active intervention of the individual expert. This has important consequences for risk governance based on models. It makes transparency a central concern. It also means that new asymmetries emerge, between companies developing sophisticated models and individual experts in regulatory agencies in charge of assessing these models.
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Rubtsov, V. V., and L. I. Skreklia. "Circumstances that exclude the criminality in activities of expert." Herald of Lviv University of Trade and Economics. Law sciences, no. 7 (2018): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36477/2616-7611-2018-07-27.
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Leimane, Laima, and Oksana Nikiforova. "Results From Expert Survey on System Analysis Process Activities." Applied Computer Systems 24, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acss-2019-0018.
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Abstract System analysis is a crucial and complex step in software engineering process, which affects the overall success of the project and quality of the project outcome. Even though Agile methods have become widely popular, these methods have no structure when it comes to requirements elicitation and specification, which can have impact on whether a project has favourable outcome. Nevertheless, regardless of the chosen approach by industry practitioners, it is important to identify, which activities are currently performed, and analyse the causes and possible issues, which are encountered. The paper presents results from expert survey on the importance of activities related to requirements elicitation, analysis and specification process and the use of tools to support this process. Delphi method, which is used to evaluate the responses, is described. Lists of activities are ranked according to importance and additional information on expert responses is given in the paper. The information can give an insight into the activities and tools that are used in the industry.
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Kiselev, N. N., and E. V. Kiseleva. "Expert Review of Pedagogical Activities at Therapeutic Recreation Camps." Russian Education & Society 57, no. 10 (October 3, 2015): 830–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10609393.2015.1148952.
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Malkin, S. G., and D. A. Nesterov. "THE PEOPLE’S WAR CONCEPT AND CIVIL WAR IN CHINA IN THE ESTIMATES OF THE RAND CORPORATION EXPERTS (ANALYTICAL FRAME OF RESEARCH)." Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. History Sciences 2, no. 3 (2020): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/2658-4816-2020-2-3-45-49.
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Turn to the historical cases has not only academic, but also political significance. And their interpretations within the framework of expert support of foreign policy activities encourage the analysis of this decision-making aspect to be more attentive and cautious than methodological constraints, disciplinary filters, intellectual climate and relations with the customer of analytical products. In this regard the article focuses on the characteristics of the expert support of the decision-making process in the United States at the beginning of the Cold War in the context of the activities of the RAND Corporation, which worked closely with the Ministry of Defence and practically monopolized the analytical support of American policy in the South-East Asia in the organization of counterinsurgency during the 1960-s. The focus of research is on methodological approaches and principles of analysis of the perspectives of the transfer of the Chinese model of the people’s war by the RAND experts – typical discussions about the export of the democratic and socialist models of development during the Cold War often leave this issue of the history of international relations after 1945 on the periphery of scientific discussion.
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Prokeš, Bela. "Expert opinion on reduction of viability." Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine 79, no. 9 (2007): 235–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gakv0708235p.
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Providing expert opinion on non-material damage is a delicate task due to the great diversities in the way the health may be damaged and due to the long lasting consequences of injuries and illnesses and their influence on people's daily routines, for the assessment of both subjective manifestation of pain, fear, diminution of life's dynamics and damage caused to people's appearance and for the assessment of suffer felt by persons due to the change of their appearance. Different kind of difficulties in giving expert opinion on reduction of viability are in practice generally caused by the lack of knowledge and recognition of basic principles in organizing and managing expert opinion, both by the civil court and by the experts-physicians. They are also caused by the practical problems related to this kind of expert work. As far as the recognition of principles related to providing expert opinion on this type of non-material damage, civil court will try to clearly define the task of the medical expert. During the whole procedure the expert-physician will respect general principles which include appropriate and generally accepted methodology of drafting a finding based on which the expert will impartially, to his best knowledge and experience, issue an opinion. Expert opinion on reduction of damaged person's viability shall include assessment of all the limitations of activities he had or would most probably have in the future. Reduction of viability exists when there is inability or reduced ability of body's functioning or functioning of its part so that the damaged person is not able, or is able but only by putting more effort, to conduct basic activities and functions in life. Method of providing expert opinion that is described here is a synthesis of experience of some authors with the experience acquired during many years of practice in providing expert opinion on remaining viability - in the procedure that results in constant modification and adjustment of the method. Method includes also an attempt to numerically asses certain activities that are included and that are assessed in the expert opinion on remaining viability.
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Lemieux, Vincent. "The Scholar and the Expert." Canadian Journal of Political Science 25, no. 4 (December 1992): 651–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900004431.
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AbstractMany political scientists are adding the role of expert to their role as university professors. They are consultants for various organizations, committees or commissions, and they express themselves through the media or they participate in meetings or conferences oriented toward problem-solving. There are some disconnected experts and some naive technocrats among them. There are also alleged experts who are openly partisan. Fortunately some political scientists while acting as experts remain true scholars. They limit themselves to highlight the choices to be made rather than trying to impose one of them. Their experiences as experts enrich their teaching, research and writing activities as well as the training of young researchers. Somewhat like the presidents of the Canadian Political Science Association they are not in place for too long. And it is a good thing, too.
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Worth, Andrew P. "ECVAM's Activities on Computer Modelling and Integrated Testing." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 30, no. 2_suppl (December 2002): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119290203002s22.
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This paper introduces the basic concepts of quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR), expert system and integrated testing strategy, and explains how the analogy between QSARs and prediction models leads naturally to criteria for the validation of QSARs. ECVAM's in-house research programme on QSAR modelling and integrated testing is summarised, along with plans for the validation of QSAR models and expert system rulebases at the European Union level.
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Hasparian, S. "DIRECTIONS OF APPLICATION OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF STAFFING OF FORENSIC INSTITUTIONS IN UKRAINE." Archives of Criminology and Forensic Sciences 1 (June 16, 2020): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/acfs.1.2020.11.
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The article stipulates that national forensic examination can not exist in isolation, only within a single state, it is essential for forensic institutions to promote international cooperation in order to exchange experience, take into consideration modern achievements of science and technology, create specialized areas for expert research. It is stressed that forensic institutions of Ukraine have chosen the path of joining the communities of international forensic institutions, making it possible to improve staffing. The author noted that the purpose of the community of European forensic institutions is to promote: science and research in the field of forensic science; international cooperation in the field of forensic activities; quality of expert research and competence of forensic experts; education and training of forensic experts; developments in forensic science.
It is emphasized that the realization of integration of forensic activities, as a result, always aims at harmonizing and improving expert legislation, deepening the theoretical foundations of forensic science, developing of common guidelines for different types of examinations, obtaining international recognition of expert opinion in general, further developing of forensic science, improving professional skills of the staff of forensic institutions.
It is proved that as a result of the analysis of foreign experience of forensic institutions staffing the following directions of its possible implementation in Ukraine were suggested, such as: development of the European model of ensuring maximum independence and competition of forensic experts; intensification and expansion of participation in the international network of forensic institutions; focus on the training of forensic experts from the «children’s university» on the basis of higher education institutions, which also provide for appropriate internship programs; practice of experts training according to corresponding program under the guidance of a mentor from among highly qualified forensic experts; application of the combined extraordinary certification of forensic experts in case of reasonable doubts as to the required level of professional training, etc.
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Lyozin, Alexander Ivanovich. "RAND Corporation: Robert Komer activities." Samara Journal of Science 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201981211.
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RAND Corporation is a think tank in the USA. It is a corporation in which experts of different fields of science write analytical works devoted to that or other problem. RAND has strong authority in the USA. Many works on Vietnam were done by the state order of the USA (from the Ministry of Defense), including Robert Komers works (conducted by the request of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency at the U.S. Department of Defense). It is the research of this expert that is discussed in this paper. The paper looks at the biography of Robert Komer in the context from the conflict in Vietnam to cooperation with the RAND Corporation. In Vietnam, on the personal instructions of the US President Lyndon Johnson, Komer was the head of the program of appeasement or officially: the program of Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support (CORDS). Having completed his activities in Vietnam, Komer shared his experience and knowledge in reports for the RAND Corporation. His works are addressed to the problems of the counterpartisan war. The paper describes the work of Robert Komer in the framework of the RAND Corporation. In conclusion, the relevance is emphasized. Due to the events such as the US invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq, Komers activities in the implementation of the CORDS program in Vietnam have gained increased interest from many modern experts.
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Ruggieri, James Angelo. "Industry Guidelines for the Forensic Investigation of Marine Incidents." Marine Technology and SNAME News 43, no. 01 (January 1, 2006): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2006.43.1.22.
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Landmark court decisions concerning admissibility of expert testimony indicate that industry guidelines and standards are an appropriate source in the formulation and defense of expert opinions. When properly applied, such guidelines and standards provide experts with ample support in adversarial arenas. Review of the court's responsibility to determine scientific basis and expert opinions resulted in the Daubert decision (Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579 [1993]). This Supreme Court decision recognized the importance of the "scientific validity of the principles that underlie a proposed sub-mission" as the most critical item the trial judge must evaluate. Furthermore, the Daubert decision established the trial judge's duty to make a preliminary assessment pursuant to Federal Rule of Evidence 104(a) "of whether the reasoning or methodology underlying the testimony is scientifically valid." Many lawsuits involving injuries, deaths, or product defects rely on expert opinion. Thus, the reliability of experts, and the validity of the methodology used by the experts in arriving at their conclusions, must be carefully evaluated. It has been shown that the processes governing the development of industry guidelines and standards address these factors (Ruggieri 2004), providing a sound basis for expert opinions where such guidelines exist and are used. Although there are a growing number of development activities producing such guidelines and standards for land-based incidents, there is little in the way of corollary activities specifically addressing the marine arena. Many of the methods and investigative protocols identified in these land-based guidelines and standards can be made marine applicable; however, substantive technology, operational, and regulatory differences between the land-based and marine paradigms indicate that marine-specific guideline documents are needed for marine applications.
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Lindemane, Marija, Ilmars Purins, and Didzis Rutitis. "Factors influencing export of financial services." Oeconomia Copernicana 3, no. 4 (December 31, 2012): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/oec.2012.022.
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Almost all countries in the world are involved in the world trade of financial services. However, whereas for most countries the export of financial services is only a side result of their foreign economic activities, for some countries it composes a constitutive source of income. The purpose of the current research is to determine the factors that influence the export of financial services thereby explaining the differences in geographic allocation of financial services export throughout the world. For achieving this purpose, such research methodology as analysis of selected literature on financial services, an expert survey, as well as mathematical processing of the obtained research data have been used. The result of the research has reflected common factors, which according to the financial experts’ opinion have the most significant influence on any country's export of financial services.
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JIAO, SONG, WEI LI, PING MA, and MING YANG. "THE SIMULATION EVALUATION SYSTEM FOR WEAPON OPERATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS BASED ON KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT." International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 04, no. 04 (September 12, 2013): 1350020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962313500207.
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The objective of the simulation evaluation system for weapon operational effectiveness based on knowledge management is to solve the problem that the evaluation activities need the participation of many experts in different fields. Three kinds of expert knowledge models used in evaluation activities and the general framework of the evaluation system were proposed. The storage models of evaluation knowledge, simulation experiment database and evaluation project database were designed. The evaluation system has been applied in many evaluation activities and the results show that it can improve the efficiency of simulation evaluation for weapon operational effectiveness and reduce the cost for employing experts.
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Agustiani, Riza, and Rahmat Nursalim. "Hypothetical learning trajectory (HLT) for proof logic topics on algebra course: What’re the experts think about?" Al-Jabar : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 11, no. 1 (June 24, 2020): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/ajpm.v11i1.6204.
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Proof has a role in the formation and development of mathematics in the history of mathematics. The ability to construct proof is one indicator of mathematical reasoning which is an important component of mathematics learning outcomes, especially in Algebra. This qualitative research aims to describe the design process of the Hypothetical Learning Trajectory for Proof Logic Topics. This research is based on design research. This research consists of three stages: preparing for the experiment, the design experiment, and the retrospective analysis. Data collection techniques in this research are walkthrough and interview. The walkthrough and interview were conducted in the first stage of design research (preparing the experiment) with two activities: expert review and reader proof to collect materials to revise the HLT. Four experts participated in the expert review. The experts are chosen based on the experience, both research experience, and teaching experience. The result of this research is the design of HLT for proof logic topics consist of four activities: reading proof, completing proof, examining proof, and Constructing proof. The four activities were well-done on the design experiment stage.
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Kumar, Akshi, and Saurabh Raj Sangwan. "Expert Finding in Community Question-Answering for Post Recommendation." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.4 (June 25, 2018): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.4.16764.
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Community question answering system is a perfect example of platform where people participate to seek expertise on their topic of interest. But information overload, finding the expertise level of users and trustworthy answers remain key challenges within these communities. Moreover, people do not look for personal advices but expert views on such platforms therefore; expert finding is an integral part of these communities. In order to trust someone's opinion who is not known in person by the users of the community, it is necessary to find the credibility of such person. By determining expertise levels of users, authenticity of their posts can easily be determined. Also, by identifying experts, each expert will be shown relevant posts to indulge in so that he can use his knowledge and skills to give valid and correct answers. For users too, it will be easy to find reliable answers, once they get to know the expertise level of the answerers. Motivated by these facts, we put forward a framework for finding experts in online question answer community (stackoverflow) referred to as Expert Recommender System which uses a well-recognized global-trust metric, PageRankTM for finding experts in the community building a Trust-based system and then uses collaborative filtering to find similar experts based on their level of expertise and their topics of interests to a particular user. Once we have the top- k similar experts to a given expert, that expert is recommended with posts to collaborate upon, based on activities done by his top-k neighbor experts. The framework is evaluated for its performance and it clearly indicates the effectiveness of the system.
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Christian, John, and George Kallouris. "An expert system for predicting the cost – time profiles of building activities." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 18, no. 5 (October 1, 1991): 810–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l91-098.
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This paper describes the development of a prototype knowledged-based expert system for predicting the cost – time profiles of various construction activities in New Brunswick. Knowledge, both quantitative and qualitative, about the cost – time patterns of various activities in educational, office, and apartment building projects in New Brunswick are stored in an expert system shell (Personal Consultant Plus). The system simulates a consultation between an expert and a user, where the microcomputer represents the expert and the user is the prospective building contractor or owner. The output of the consultation shows how the total cost of the various trades will most likely be distributed over time. This will enable the contractor and the client to anticipate the probable financial commitments each month, even before any schedule is available, once an investment decision has been made. Funds can then be arranged in such a way as to match the progress of work and therefore meet the financial demands of each individual building activity. Key words: cost – time profiles prediction, expert system, shell, knowledge base, buildings, construction, rules, parameters.
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Kunskaja, Svetlana. "Expert Evaluation of the Expression of Personal Competencies in Professional Activities." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 4, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ejes-2018-0052.
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Abstract The analysis of scientific literature provides basis for the relevance of personal competence, focusing on the development of individual's opportunities in professional activities. A new modern approach to personal development is associated with learning and development; health, wellness and safe workplaces; human resources measurement, reporting and financial management and empowering competencies/individual skills, comprising critical thinking and analysis; technology knowledge; research capabilities; quantitative and critical legal thinking capabilities. For the purpose of identifying the relevance of personal competencies in professional activities, an expert evaluation of the energy and environmental sectors was conducted. Summary results of the research of personal competencies in professional activities is presented in an expert evaluation model, distinguishing between the most significant and the least significant components. Non-parametric tests and calculation of the concordance of expert opinions by means of the Kendall concordance coefficient W and H0 hypothesis tests determine good and very good concordance of expert opinions in all cases.
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Egher, Claudia. "Online Expert Mediators." Science & Technology Studies 33, no. 2 (May 14, 2020): 10–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.60782.
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Using Collins and Evans’ concept of interactional expertise, this article examines the online activities of three bloggers diagnosed with bipolar disorder. It argues that by combining medical knowledge with their situated experiences, and by utilizing the affordances of blogs, these bloggers have become a new type of stakeholder, the online expert mediator. Collins and Evans’ concept is extended by taking into consideration the role of the medium through which interactional expertise is displayed and by showing that its bi-directional character is more substantial than they had envisaged. The rise of this new stakeholder category denotes a possible turn from community activism to exceptional entrepreneurial selves. Despite views that the internet would have broad democratizing effects, the findings show that the high standing of online expert mediators is not the result of a subversive use of this medium, but of a dynamic alliance with ‘traditional’ experts and of a strong media presence.
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Shunevych, K. "FORENSIC EXAMINATION IN LATVIA’S CRIMINAL PROCESS." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 65 (May 18, 2020): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2020.65.16.
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The article provides a theoretical analysis of the organization of the forensic examination in Latvia. In particular, the author investigates the organizational aspects of the forensic examination: legislative regulation of the status of the entity authorized to conduct the forensic examination; the possibility to conduct the forensic examination in criminal proceedings by private experts; peculiarities of taking up a position (obtaining a license to practice) and terminating a forensic expert etc. It is determined that according to the legislation of Latvia the right to carry out expert activity in the Republic of Latvia belongs to both state and private experts: state experts are people who carry out their activity in the state expert institutions. Private experts are involved in carrying out expertise by concluding civil contracts as self-employed people or as the forensic experts who are members of professional non-governmental associations. There are five state expert institutions in Latvia: the State Bureau of Judicial Expertise (accredited in 2008), the Forensic Directorate of the State Police (accredited in 2006), the State Medical Examination Center (accredited in 2013), the Examination Service under the General Directorate of the State border guards and the State Riga Psychiatric and Drug Center LLC. Since 1996, the Association of Independent Experts of Latvia has been operating in Latvia, comprising private court experts. All experts who may be involved in criminal proceedings must be certified. Certified expert information is placed in the Official Register of Forensic Experts. The Council of Forensic Experts is the compiler of the Register. The Register of Forensic Experts and any changes thereto shall be published on the website of the Judicial Administrations. In addition to the Register of Forensic Experts, there is a Register of Methods of Forensic Examination, which is also compiled by the Council of Forensic Experts. It should be noted that in Latvia a unified standard and qualification requirements have been developed for persons wishing to carry out forensic activities, which are enshrined in the legislation of Latvia and a procedure has been developed for certification of experts, as well as certification of expert research methodologies. At the same time, certain problems arise in practice (for example, the subjectively greater trust of the court in the expert’s conclusions provided by the state expert organization), requiring an urgent solution for the effective functioning of the system of forensic expert activity in Latvia.
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Kaibov, A. M. "The stimulation of service activity of the Russian national guard expert officers, serving in the construction department: pedagogical analysis of the phenomenon." Ekonomicheskie i sotsial’no-gumanitarnye issledovaniya, no. 1(29) (2021): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24151/2409-1073-2021-1-132-140.
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The results of the analysis of the problem of stimulating the service and labor activity of officers-experts of the construction complex of the Russian Guard are presented. Motivation and its functions in personnel management, the role of incentives in the management system are considered. The main sources of stimulating the service and labor activity of expert officers are revealed. The most important directions of improving the activities of the officers-experts of the construction complex of the Russian Guard, recommended for building a more effective and rational system of stimulating their activities, are reflected.
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Surovaya, O. A. "On Professional Ethics as Applied to the Head of a Forensic Expert Organization." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 14, no. 3 (October 23, 2019): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2019-14-3-72-77.
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The article addresses social significance of the issues of a Head’s of a forensic expert organization professional ethics, its fundamentals. The importance of law and morality synergy in regulation of social relations is emphasized. An approach to the systematization of professional and ethical norms for the Heads of forensic expert organizations is suggested as well as additional principles for the legislation on forensic expert activities regarding the Head’s ethical competence. Drawing on the research of foreign experience some basic provisions aimed at unification of moral and ethical norms were reviewed including the necessity of personnel’s ethics development, its fostering in the early stages of young experts’ training under the direct supervision of the Head of the organization.
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Sexton-Radek, Kathy. "Adolescent sleep quality measured during leisure activities." Health Psychology Research 1, no. 2 (July 30, 2013): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/hpr.2013.683.
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A one-week sleep monitoring by logs and actigraphs in preteens during summer camp was conducted. Campers aged 11-16 attended a two-week day camp that focused on the learning about science. Nine campers agreed to monitor their sleep and have their patterns explained (anonymously) to other campers during the expert lecture by the author. The aim of the study was to identify the sleep quality in an adolescent group. All nine of the sleep logs and actigraphs denoted severe sleep deprivation. The findings from the logs and actigraphs denoted sever sleep deprivation. The expert lecturer provided basic information about sleep per the science designation of the day camp. A follow up session provided strategies to address sleep deprivation
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JOHNSON, BONNIE C., and M. JEAN CHAMBERS. "Expert Panel Identifies Activities and Performance Measures for Foodservice Benchmarking." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 100, no. 6 (June 2000): 692–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(00)00201-7.
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Straat, A. Carlien, Pieter Coenen, Denise J. M. Smit, Gerben Hulsegge, Esther V. A. Bouwsma, Judith A. F. Huirne, Rutger C. van Geenen, et al. "Development of a Personalized m/eHealth Algorithm for the Resumption of Activities of Daily Life Including Work and Sport after Total and Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: A Multidisciplinary Delphi Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14 (July 9, 2020): 4952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17144952.
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Evidence for recommendations concerning the resumption of activities of daily life, including work and sport, after knee arthroplasty is lacking. Therefore, recommendations vary considerably between hospitals and healthcare professionals. We aimed to obtain multidisciplinary consensus for such recommendations. Using a Delphi procedure, we strived to reach consensus among a multidisciplinary expert panel of six orthopaedic surgeons, three physical therapists, five occupational physicians and one physician assistant on recommendations regarding the resumption of 27 activities of daily life. The Delphi procedure involved three online questionnaire rounds and one face-to-face consensus meeting. In each of these four rounds, experts independently decided at what time daily life activities could feasibly and safely be resumed after knee arthroplasty. We distinguished patients with a fast, average and slow recovery. After four Delphi rounds, the expert panel reached consensus for all 27 activities. For example, experts agreed that total knee arthroplasty patients with a fast recovery could resume cycling six weeks after the surgery, while those with an average and slow recovery could resume this activity after nine and twelve weeks, respectively. The consensus recommendations will subsequently be integrated into an algorithm of a personalized m/eHealth portal to enhance recovery among knee arthroplasty patients.