Academic literature on the topic 'EXpertise (Computer file)'
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Journal articles on the topic "EXpertise (Computer file)"
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Haislip, Jacob Z., Khondkar E. Karim, Karen Jingrong Lin, and Robert E. Pinsker. "The Influences of CEO IT Expertise and Board-Level Technology Committees on Form 8-K Disclosure Timeliness." Journal of Information Systems 34, no. 2 (August 2, 2019): 167–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/isys-52530.
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ABSTRACT Recent research documents the improvement of Form 8-K disclosure timeliness in the post-Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) era. However, it remains unclear why disclosure timeliness overall has improved, but disclosure timeliness for certain events has not improved. We examine firms' information technology (IT) management and IT governance in order to investigate their potential positive impacts on 8-K reporting timeliness. We find that, on average, IT-expert Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) and firms with board-level technology committees file Form 8-Ks in a timelier manner. Specifically, firms with IT-expert CEOs file a half-day sooner and firms with technology committees file a full-day sooner. Additional analyses show that firms with technology committees file 8-Ks in a timelier manner than firms without technology committees, even when the events are complicated or surprising. In aggregate, our evidence suggests that IT-expert CEOs and IT expertise on the board facilitates efficient IT utilization and is associated with timely disclosure. Data Availability: The data used are publicly available from the sources cited in the text.
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Musfika, Puput Nada, and Depi Rusda. "Sistem Informasi Lowongan Kerja di Kota Sampit Berbasis Web." Building of Informatics, Technology and Science (BITS) 2, no. 2 (December 10, 2020): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.47065/bits.v2i2.498.
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The need for information is very much needed in line with the rapid technological advances in modern times such as today, especially the use of computerized systems that propagate in all fields. So, every Human Resource (HR) must always be required to fulfill the expertise, skills and abilities in running a computer hardware or software. In the field of information delivery services to companies or agencies that require labor, such as those in Sampit City, Central Borneo, currently information is conveyed only through several media such as newspapers, magazines, and information obtained by word of mouth. This makes it difficult to find accurate information for job applicants, and for companies it is also difficult to find prospective employees in a time efficient manner because it is still done without an information system. With the development of information technology, it is necessary to provide an Information System to solve problems in delivering job information directly from companies. With this Information System, applicants will also find it easy to receive information, submit job application files, and take written tests online. And the company will get employees in an effective and time-efficient way, starting from the delivery of information, file selection, written tests and passing results from written tests that can be processed directly through this information system.
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Mejía, Jezreel, Rafael Valencia-García, Giner Alor-Hernández, and José A. Calvo-Manzano. "Knowledge Intensive Software Engineering Applications." JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science 27, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jucs.65078.
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The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has become a competitive strategy that allows organizations to position themselves within their market of action. In addition, the evolution, advancement and use of ICTs within any type of organization have created new domains of interest. In this context, Knowledge-intensive software engineering applications are becoming crucial in organizations to support their performance. Knowledge-based technologies provide a consistent and reliable basis to face the challenges for organization, manipulation and visualization of the data and knowledge, playing a crucial role as the technological basis of the development of a large number of information systems. In software engineering, it involves the integration of various knowledge sources that are in constant change. Knowledge-intensive software applications are becoming more significant because the domains of many software applications are inherently knowledge-intensive and this knowledge is often not explicitly dealt with in software development. This impedes maintenance and reuse. Moreover, it is generally known that developing software requires expertise and experience, which are currently also implicit and could be made more tangible and reusable using knowledge-based or related techniques. Furthermore, organizations have recognized that the software engineering applications are an optimal way for providing solutions, because it is a file that is constantly evolving due to the new challenges. Examples of approaches that are directly related to this tendency are data analysis, software architectures, knowledge engineering, ontologies, conceptual modelling, domain analysis and domain engineering, business rules, workflow management, human and cultural factors, to mention but a few. Therefore, tools and techniques are necessary to capture and process knowledge in order to facilitate subsequent development efforts, especially in the domain of software engineering.
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Qur'ana, Tri Wahyu, Al Fath Riza Kholdani, and Hayati Noor. "Pelatihan Merakit dan Instalasi Laptop/Komputer pada Santri Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Pondok Pesantren Wali Songo Banjarbaru." PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 5, no. 4 (September 26, 2020): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/pengabdianmu.v5i4.1270.
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Assembling a computer is a stage of bringing together the components needed to run correctly. To understand the correct computer assembly process, an understanding of computer hardware is required both logically and physically. Meanwhile, so that the computer can be operated according to its function, it is necessary to install it. Computer installation is installing a program (software) into a computer. All software (e.g., Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Office, and others) apart from that, also install functions to match the program with the tools installed on the computer and parse the compressed files. The expertise in assembling and installing laptops/computers can make a creative economy business field based on information technology. The Islamic Education Foundation of Wali Songo Islamic Boarding School is an Islamic religious, educational institution. Santri, as the nation's next-generation youth, needs to understand and have skills in assembling and installing laptops/computers, not only as passive users but also being active, the other side can also be used as part of driving the creative economy.
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Hidayat, Salfiko, and Malta Nelisa. "Kemas Ulang Informasi Randai bagi Siswa di SMA 1 Koto Timur Kabupaten Padang Pariaman." Ilmu Informasi Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan 8, no. 1 (October 29, 2019): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/107484-0934.
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AbstractThis paper discusses the need for randai information and the process of making Randai Information Repackage for Students at SMAN 1 V Koto Timur. This study aims to determine the need for randai information and how to re-make randai information for students in SMA N 1 V Koto Timur. This study uses a descriptive method that is conducting direct interviews with a number of students at SMAN N 1 V Koto Timur, Padang Pariaman Regency. First, the need for randai information in SMAN 1 V Koto Timur, there are still some students who want to meet the general information needs both from other information such as reading materials in the library such as books and randai activities themselves. Secondly, there are several stages in making information back: (1) Identifying user needs by collecting and examining what will be contained in the information package; (2) Finding the needed sources, searching for information by collecting selected books and articles/ journals from the internet; (3) The collection of information that has been obtained from several books and articles/ journals from the internet is then stored in a computer file or flashdisk; (4) Packaging information by selecting data from various sources of books and articles/ internet journals and packaged in printed form; (5) Determine the form of information packaging to be made, namely printed; (6) Editing, checking deficiencies and forming packaging to make it more attractive and easily read by information users; (7) Printing of packaging is in the form of print publication. Third, in making information repackaging there are some obstacles. First, Constraints: (1) Data search and information gathering; (2) Lack of expertise in making packaging; (3) Determination of information to be contained in the package. Second, the efforts made: (1) Gathering as much data as possible from books, journals and other official articles; (2) Asking for help from experts to help the process of making packaging; (3) Finding information from several journals and book.Keywords: information, randai, and repackage
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Abhilasha, Abhilasha. "A Survey on Cloud Computing and Its Benefits." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 15, no. 2 (November 17, 2015): 6499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v15i2.568.
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Cloud computing is Internet based development and use of computer technology. It is a style of computing in which dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources are provided as a service over the Internet. Users need not have knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the technology infrastructure "in the cloud" that supports them. Cloud computing is very popular paradigm in the field of computer science where heterogeneous services are delivered to an organization's computer through the Internet. It allows individuals and businesses to access the applications without installation and can access their personal files on any internet connected computer or laptop. Cloud computing means saving and accessing the data over the internet instead of local storage. In this paper, we have conducted a survey on the models of cloud environment, benefits and issues related to it.Â
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Mitta, Deborah A. "Formulation of Expert System Knowledge." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 33, no. 5 (October 1989): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128903300525.
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Expert system knowledge represents expertise obtained through formal education, training, and/or experience. Formal education provides deep knowledge of a particular domain; experience and training result in heuristic knowledge. A knowledge base defines the range of information and understanding with which the system is capable of dealing; therefore, its information must be structured and filed for ready access. The objective of this symposium is to address the challenges associated with establishment of valid expert system knowledge, specifically, knowledge to be used by expert system shells. As expert system knowledge is obtained, structured, and stored, it is formulated. In this symposium, knowledge formulation is addressed as a three-phase process: knowledge acquisition, the mechanics associated with structuring knowledge, and knowledge porting. Knowledge acquisition is the process of extracting expertise from a domain expert. Expertise may be collected through a series of interviews between the expert and a knowledge engineer or through sessions the expert holds with an automated knowledge acquisition tool. Thus, the ultimate outcome of knowledge acquisition is a collection of raw knowledge data. The following human factors issues become apparent: documenting mental models (where mental models are the expert's conceptualization of a problem), recording cognitive problem-solving strategies, and specifying an appropriate interface between the domain expert and the acquisition methodology. The knowledge structuring process involves the refinement of raw knowledge data, where knowledge is organized and assigned a semantic structure. One issue that must be considered is how to interpret knowledge data such that formal definitions, logical relationships, and facts can be established. Finally, formulation involves knowledge porting, that is, the movement of an expert system shell's knowledge base to various other shells. The outcome of this process is a portable knowledge base, where the challenges lie in maintaining consistent knowledge, understanding the constraints inherent to a shell (the shell's ability to incorporate all relevant knowledge), and designing an acceptable user-expert system interface. The fundamental component of any expert system is its knowledge base. The issues to be presented in this symposium are important because they address three processes that are critical to the development of a knowledge base. In addition to presenting computer science challenges, knowledge base formulation also presents human factors challenges, for example, understanding cognitive problem-solving processes, representing uncertain information, and defining human-expert system interface problems. This symposium will provide a forum for discussion of both types of challenges.
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Shi, Tingsheng, Ian K. Duncan, and Michael T. Gastner. "go-cart.io: a web application for generating contiguous cartograms." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-333-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Cartograms are maps in which the areas of regions (e.g. states, provinces) are rescaled to be proportional to statistical data (e.g. population size, gross domestic product). Cartograms are called “contiguous” if they maintain the topology of the conventional map (i.e. regions are displayed as neighbours on the cartogram if and only if they are geographic neighbours) [1]. An example of a contiguous cartogram, showing the 48 conterminous states of the USA with an area proportional to their population, is shown on the right of Figure 1. Such maps are an invaluable addition to a professional geographer’s toolbox. However, producing contiguous cartograms should not be the privilege of only a handful of experts in cartography. Journalists or bloggers, for example, may also benefit from a cartogram as an intriguing illustration of their own data. Similarly, high school students may enrich a term paper with a cartogram that can summarize data more effectively than raw numeric tables.</p><p>Until now, the creation of contiguous cartograms has been far from user-friendly, requiring computer skills that even experts in data visualization typically do not possess. In the past, publications that introduced new cartogram algorithms rarely included computer code. Some authors of more recent publications have posted their code online [1,2], but their software usually requires technical knowledge (e.g. about shell scripting, compiling, GIS) that pose insurmountable obstacles for most users. To remove these hurdles, we have recently developed the web application <i>go-cart.io</i> [3] with an interface that is easy to use, even for non-experts.</p><p>Over the past 15 years, several other applets have been posted on the worldwide web, but they either offer only a limited number of precomputed cartograms [4,5] or are no longer actively maintained [5–8]. In particular, the shift away from Java applets has made it challenging to run some of these legacy applications. This status quo has been against the current trend towards “citizen cartography”, mainly driven by online tools that enable even untrained users to produce maps from their own data. It has been shown that most users perceive contiguous cartograms, though potentially challenging to read, as an effective method to display data [9]. It is therefore timely to develop a new web interface that makes it easier to generate cartograms.</p><p>While previous cartogram generators required users to install software (e.g. Java) on their computer, <i>go-cart.io</i> is based on JavaScript that can be run in any contemporary web browser without additional downloads. We decided to simplify the data input as much as possible. We have curated a “library” of topologies so that users do not need GIS expertise to create geospatial vector data. The entries in this library are currently limited to only a few countries split into administrative divisions (e.g. USA by state, China by province), but we will expand the selection over the coming months. We may also, at a later stage of the project, allow users to upload their own map data. Users can select a country from a dropdown menu (highlighted in Figure 1). Afterwards users specify the desired areas and colours for each region on the cartogram either by editing a spreadsheet in the browser or by uploading a CSV file.</p><p>After data are transmitted, a remote server calculates the cartogram transformation with the recently developed fast flow-based algorithm [1]. Because the calculation is entirely server-side, we eliminate any dependence on the client’s hardware. We tested the application with various countries and input statistics. For typical input, the calculation finishes within 10 to 15 seconds. If the calculation needs substantially longer, the application displays a bar chart instead of a cartogram as a fallback. The cartogram is displayed in the browser window side by side with the conventional (i.e. equal-area) map (Figure 1). The user can explore both maps with various interactive features implemented using the D3.js library [10]:</p><ul><li><i>Linked brushing:</i> when the mouse hovers over a region on the equal-area map, the corresponding region is highlighted on the cartogram and vice versa.</li><li><i>Infotip:</i> a text box containing the name and statistical data of the highlighted region appears above the map (Figure 1).</li><li><i>Map switching:</i> users can smoothly morph the image from equal-area map to cartogram and vice versa by clicking on the cartogram selector (Figure 1).</li></ul><p>Users can save all generated equal-area maps and cartograms as SVG vector image files and directly share them on social media (Figure 1). We are currently conducting evaluations to measure how effective the application is in allowing users to easily generate and analyse their own cartograms. Our initial results suggest that these features are well received by users. We believe that, with a user-friendly interface, contiguous cartograms have the potential to gain more popularity as an attractive and engaging method to visualize geographic data.</p>
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Carlicchi, E., S. Harari, A. Caminati, P. Fughelli, and M. Zompatori. "Radiological diagnosis of fibrosing interstitial lung diseases: innovations and controversies." International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 24, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 1156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.19.0743.
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Following the introduction of new effective antifibrotic drugs, interest in fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (FILD) has been renewed. In this context, radiological evaluation of FILD plays a cardinal role. Radiological diagnosis is possible in about 50% of the cases, which allows the initiation of effective therapy, thereby avoiding invasive procedures such as surgical lung biopsy. Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern may be diagnosed based on clinical, radiological, and pathological data. High-resolution computed tomography features of UIP have been widely described in literature; however, interpreting them remains challenging, even with specific expertise on the subject. Diagnostic difficulties are understandable given the continuous evolution of FILD classifications and their complexity. Both early-stage diseases and advanced or combined patterns are not easily classifiable, and many end up being labelled ‘indeterminate´ or ‘unclassifiable´. Especially in these cases, optimal patient management involves collaboration and communication between different specialists. Here, we discuss the most critical aspects of radiological interpretation in FILD diagnosis based on the most recent classifications. We believe that the clinicians´ awareness of radiological diagnostic issues of FILD would improve comprehension and dialogue between physicians and radiologists, leading to better clinical practice.
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Morvan, Hervé P. "Automating CFD for non-experts." Journal of Hydroinformatics 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2005.0003.
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The focus of the paper is on demonstrating how it is possible to automate complex CFD simulations using scripting language around and within the structure of the CFD command files. To illustrate this, the concept of an atmospheric pollution case is used and, more specifically, that of a water treatment plant. The code that is used is CFX-5 with PERL as a scripting ‘language’. The simulation of the factory atmospheric environment and its fluctuating conditions are fully automated. The simulation is based on a pre-defined generic CFD model, for which initial conditions, boundary conditions and source terms of atmospheric pollutant release are written automatically by the scripts using data recorded by measuring devices and stored on computers every half an hour as the simulation runs. When the correct amount of time has elapsed, the simulation pauses and the script updates the set-up using the newly recorded data. It then proceeds further, restarting from the appropriate result files. At each pause, a HTML report is also produced, which contains pictures of the area and summary tables. If a suitable criterion is defined in the post-treatment algorithm, such as a critical concentration for example, an alarm bell can be started, so that the technician knows the simulation has found a potential problem within the large domain that is thus monitored. The implications of this work are numerous. Firstly, non-CFD experts can run and use results from a CFD simulation without having to implement the models, run the simulation or fully understand the intricacy of the physics and mathematics that it contains. Going further, it is even possible to parametrize the generic model set-up, e.g. the domain dimensions or the location of emission sources, to make the case more flexible. Running the application remotely is also possible, using a web browser to submit the necessary input to the CFD code. Secondly, a very wide area can be monitored numerically, which would not be commercially viable with physical devices and field monitoring campaigns. Thirdly, such a simulation can be used to learn the general behaviour of, and the potential problems associated with, the region of interest and eventually set up a response plan to any given situation known to cause discomfort or form a health hazard to the neighbourhood. This feedback can be used to improve the operation of the plant and its safety, but also to enhance the model set-up for future simulations.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "EXpertise (Computer file)"
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Lioi, Iuri. "Framework for the Development of Schemata in Character Design for Computer Animation." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1245432626.
Full textBooks on the topic "EXpertise (Computer file)"
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Hagen, William Von. Quarterdeck eXpertise: User guide for Windows 95/Windows NT. Marina Del Rey, CA: Quarterdeck, 1995.
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WordPerfect 6.1 for Windows: Projects for proficiency and expertise. Menlo Park, Calif: Benjamin/Cummings Pub., 1996.
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Inc, ebrary, ed. The Oracle universal content management handbook: Build, administer, and manage Oracle Stellent UCM solutions: practical knowledge and breakthrough shortcuts to Oracle UCM expertise. Birmingham, U.K: Packt Pub., 2010.
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Littlejohn, Shinder Debra, ed. Windows XP: Answers from the experts. Emeryville, Calif: McGraw-Hill/Osborne, 2005.
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Running Microsoft Windows 95: In-depth reference and inside tips from the software experts. Redmond, Wash: Microsoft Press, 1995.
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Jesse, DeRooy, ed. Secrets of Poser experts: Tips, techniques, and insights for users of all abilities-- the e frontier official guide. Boston, MA: Thomson Course Technology, 2007.
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Kao, Wayne. Advanced Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007: Insights and advice from the experts. Indianapolis, Ind: Que Pub., 2008.
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CLICOM Experts Meeting (2nd 1992 Washington, D.C.). Report of the second CLICOM Experts Meeting, (Washington, D.C., 18-22 May 1992). Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization, 1992.
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Sagman, Stephen W. Running Microsoft PowerPoint for Windows 95: In-depth reference and inside tips from the software experts. Redmond, Wash: Microsoft Press, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "EXpertise (Computer file)"
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Qiu, Waishan, Wenjing Li, Xun Liu, and Xiaokai Huang. "Subjectively Measured Streetscape Qualities for Shanghai with Large-Scale Application of Computer Vision and Machine Learning." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES, 242–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_23.
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AbstractRecently, many new studies emerged to apply computer vision (CV) to street view imagery (SVI) dataset to objectively extract the view indices of various streetscape features such as trees to proxy urban scene qualities. However, human perceptions (e.g., imageability) have a subtle relationship to visual elements which cannot be fully captured using view indices. Conversely, subjective measures using survey and interview data explain more human behaviors. However, the effectiveness of integrating subjective measures with SVI dataset has been less discussed. To address this, we integrated crowdsourcing, CV, and machine learning (ML) to subjectively measure four important perceptions suggested by classical urban design theory. We first collected experts’ rating on sample SVIs regarding the four qualities which became the training labels. CV segmentation was applied to SVI samples extracting streetscape view indices as the explanatory variables. We then trained ML models and achieved high accuracy in predicting the scores. We found a strong correlation between predicted complexity score and the density of urban amenities and services Point of Interests (POI), which validates the effectiveness of subjective measures. In addition, to test the generalizability of the proposed framework as well as to inform urban renewal strategies, we compared the measured qualities in Pudong to other five renowned urban cores worldwide. Rather than predicting perceptual scores directly from generic image features using convolution neural network, our approach follows what urban design theory suggested and confirms various streetscape features affecting multi-dimensional human perceptions. Therefore, its result provides more interpretable and actionable implications for policymakers and city planners.
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Odongtoo, Godfrey, Denis Ssebuggwawo, and Peter Okidi Lating. "Water Resource Management Frameworks in Water-Related Adaptation to Climate Change." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_24-1.
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AbstractThis chapter addresses the use of partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to determine the requirements for an effective development of water resource management frameworks. The authors developed a quantitative approach using Smart-PLS version 3 to reveal the views of different experts based on their experiences in water-related adaptation to climate change in the Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) in Uganda. A sample size of 152 was computed from a population size of 245 across the districts of Buikwe, Jinja, Mukono, Kampala, and Wakiso. The chapter aimed to determine the relationship among the availability of legal, regulatory, and administrative frameworks, public water investment, price and demand management, information requirements, coordination structures, and analytical frameworks and how they influence the development of water resource management frameworks. The findings revealed that the availability of legal, regulatory, and administrative frameworks, public water investment, price and demand management, information requirements, and coordination structures had significant and positive effects on the development of water resource management frameworks. Public water investment had the highest path coefficient (β = 0.387 and p = 0.000), thus indicating that it has the greatest influence on the development of water resource management frameworks. The R2 value of the model was 0.714, which means that the five exogenous latent constructs collectively explained 71.4% of the variance in the development. The chapter suggests putting special emphasis on public water investment to achieve an effective development of water resource management frameworks. These findings can support the practitioners and decision makers engaged in water-related adaptation to climate change within the LVB and beyond.
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Odongtoo, Godfrey, Denis Ssebuggwawo, and Peter Okidi Lating. "Water Resource Management Frameworks in Water-Related Adaptation to Climate Change." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 993–1006. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_24.
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AbstractThis chapter addresses the use of partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to determine the requirements for an effective development of water resource management frameworks. The authors developed a quantitative approach using Smart-PLS version 3 to reveal the views of different experts based on their experiences in water-related adaptation to climate change in the Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) in Uganda. A sample size of 152 was computed from a population size of 245 across the districts of Buikwe, Jinja, Mukono, Kampala, and Wakiso. The chapter aimed to determine the relationship among the availability of legal, regulatory, and administrative frameworks, public water investment, price and demand management, information requirements, coordination structures, and analytical frameworks and how they influence the development of water resource management frameworks. The findings revealed that the availability of legal, regulatory, and administrative frameworks, public water investment, price and demand management, information requirements, and coordination structures had significant and positive effects on the development of water resource management frameworks. Public water investment had the highest path coefficient (β = 0.387 and p = 0.000), thus indicating that it has the greatest influence on the development of water resource management frameworks. The R2 value of the model was 0.714, which means that the five exogenous latent constructs collectively explained 71.4% of the variance in the development. The chapter suggests putting special emphasis on public water investment to achieve an effective development of water resource management frameworks. These findings can support the practitioners and decision makers engaged in water-related adaptation to climate change within the LVB and beyond.
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Gurevitch, Leon. "The Documentary Attraction: Animation, Simulation and the Rhetoric of Expertise." In Drawn from Life, 84–105. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748694112.003.0006.
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In this chapter Leon Gurevitch discusses computer-generated documentary simulations that function both as spectacular attractions and visual signifiers of expertise and authority. Gurevitch explores the increasing prominence of such images within a variety of documentary contexts since the digital revolution that began during the 1990s. The chapter underscores the extent to which CG-animated documentary spectacles are today routinely encountered within a range of fields, many not readily associated in the popular mind with animated aesthetics, production technologies or histories: military, scientific, architectural and engineering, for example. Gurevitch explains that in the absence of live footage (or even in support of it), animated and simulated spectacle is frequently deployed within documentary film making in the interests of “expertise”. In this sense, CG simulations function to persuade the audience of the time and effort put into making the documentary and therefore act as an index of a given moving image work’s veracity.
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Svensson, Jörgen S. "Legal Expert Systems in Administrative Organizations." In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, First Edition, 1827–30. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-553-5.ch321.
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The term expert system comes from the world of artificial intelligence. Originally, it comprised the idea that computer programs can be devised to solve complex problems of decision making, as well as, or even better than human experts. Although in some technical domains this ambitious goal is still valid, it is generally relaxed for applications in legal and administrative domains. Here the term expert system – or knowledge-based system – refers to a category of computer programs that use coded knowledge to help solve problems of decision making. One simple, everyday example is a computer program that helps a tax payer fill in his tax returns and informs him about the implications his answers will have in terms of the amount of tax to be paid. A second, quite different example is a system which, based on a textual summary of a case at hand, can help a legal professional in finding applicable case law.
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Herpich, Fabricio, Felipe Becker Nunes, Gleizer Bierhalz Voss, and Roseclea Duarte Medina. "Three-Dimensional Virtual Environment and NPC." In Advances in Game-Based Learning, 510–36. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0125-1.ch021.
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The use of intelligent agents aware of the individual characteristics and context of students, allow to offer a suitable support to the real requirements. Allied to this, the implementation of these agents in the three-dimensional virtual environments, tend to transcend the existing potential in the interactions with the learning objects it contains and also to expand the alternatives of building the students' knowledge. Throughout this chapter it will be presented the development of intelligent agent called ELAI, by using the NPC strategy on the virtual world platform OpenSimulator. The ELAI provides support for teaching Computer Networking (CN), being sensitive to the context of learners to their level of expertise. In order to maximize the flexibility of interactions between the student, through the student's avatar and the NPC, an interconnection with a chatterbot was established, whose knowledge base was increased by files in AIML inherent to the topic of CN.
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Herpich, Fabricio, Felipe Becker Nunes, Gleizer Bierhalz Voss, and Roseclea Duarte Medina. "Three-Dimensional Virtual Environment and NPC." In Natural Language Processing, 912–38. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0951-7.ch044.
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The use of intelligent agents aware of the individual characteristics and context of students, allow to offer a suitable support to the real requirements. Allied to this, the implementation of these agents in the three-dimensional virtual environments, tend to transcend the existing potential in the interactions with the learning objects it contains and also to expand the alternatives of building the students' knowledge. Throughout this chapter it will be presented the development of intelligent agent called ELAI, by using the NPC strategy on the virtual world platform OpenSimulator. The ELAI provides support for teaching Computer Networking (CN), being sensitive to the context of learners to their level of expertise. In order to maximize the flexibility of interactions between the student, through the student's avatar and the NPC, an interconnection with a chatterbot was established, whose knowledge base was increased by files in AIML inherent to the topic of CN.
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Baasanjav, Undrah Buyan. "“A Girl Move”." In Handbook of Research on Race, Gender, and the Fight for Equality, 198–211. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0047-6.ch009.
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The confluence of gender and information technology in chess is explored in this chapter based on a small empirical interview study. By interviewing nine women chess players who compete in men's tournaments, the chapter examines the underrepresentation of women in the traditionally male domain of chess and discusses the role of computers and the Internet in women players' work/play routines. Five in-depth interviews were conducted Face-to-Face (FTF) and four interviews were conducted over the Internet using the textual chat feature of the International Chess Club during the summer of 2010. How women negotiate gendered identity and how they position themselves in regard to information technology are discussed. The interviewees' reflexive accounts discussing gendered practices and the changing notion of gender in chess challenge technologically infused male culture in ways that help us to understand the role of embodiment in mastery and expertise.
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Strand, Knut Arne, Arvid Staupe, and Tor Atle Hjeltnes. "Principles of Concurrent E-Learning Design." In Enterprise Resource Planning Models for the Education Sector, 48–75. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2193-0.ch004.
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Instructional design is a process that in many cases requires multidisciplinary collaboration among several stakeholders. Domain experts, pedagogues, technical experts, economists, administrative personnel, customer representatives, instructors, and learners may have very different preferences, and sometimes it is a great challenge to coordinate them all. In this chapter, the authors present the principles of concurrent e-learning design. Concurrent e-learning design is a novel approach to computer supported and cooperative instructional design where several stakeholders actively participate in the design process. The results from a concurrent e-learning design project can typically be a comprehensive design document containing details regarding how higher education e-learning courses should be developed and delivered. The authors have worked to codify this methodological approach for several years and conducted a qualitative analysis of data collected during this period. This analysis has yielded sixteen principles, which are grouped into five categories and presented in this chapter. The chapter describes each principle in detail, discusses whether ERP systems can be of assistance in the instructional design process, and outlines a plan for testing ERP systems in connection with the concurrent e-learning design approach.
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Landis, Melodee. "Technology-Supported Constructivism." In Cases on Building Quality Distance Delivery Programs, 158–76. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-111-9.ch012.
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This chapter asserts that the processes used in on-line, computer-based distance learning are a natural fit for constructivist learning. Learners today may be too dependent on teacher-centered instruction; the independent problem-solving required of the learner in on-line learning may be more likely to stimulate a deeper grasp of concepts under study. This case study was conducted with five face-to-face meetings and an online course management tool. While the enrollment of seventy-two new teachers appeared unmanageable, the use of on-line learning communities helped to personalize the course. The chapter includes an overview of constructivist approaches to instruction, citing both classic and contemporary experts, and continues with a description of how technology was used to support constructivism. The chapter concludes with an analysis of specific technology tools that can enhance different stages of constructivist learning.
Conference papers on the topic "EXpertise (Computer file)"
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Friesen, Marcia R., and Robert D. McLeod. "Work in progress — Assessing the development of expertise in undergraduate computer engineering students." In 2010 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fie.2010.5673338.
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Oh, J. S., and K. T. Ulrich. "Using Fine-Grained Parallel Simulation for Design." In ASME 1989 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1989-0041.
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Abstract One of the most imposing handicaps for designers is the lack of versatile engineering tools for rapid simulation of materials. Simulations must run fast enough to grant engineers immediate feedback on their design changes. Conventional methods of simulating mechanical behaviors are slow and require significant expertise. We propose an alternative we call Fine-Grained Parallel Simulation (FGPS). FGPS uses thousands of processors to compute finite element behavior in parallel. The advantage of this approach is that modeling assumptions can be made at a physical particle level rather than at a macroscopic continuum mechanics level, and that within certain bounds the resulting simulation runs in constant time, independent of the size of the problem. We have prototyped this scheme using the Connection Machine, a massively parallel computer containing up to 65,536 processors, and we are laying the groundwork for the development of a special purpose machine with hundreds of thousands of processors. Our initial results indicate that simulation can be performed significantly faster using FGPS than with conventional supercomputers, although there is need for additional research.
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Saha, Santanu. "Application of Computed Radiography in Pressure Vessel Welds: ASME Sec V Requirements and Recommendations of ASTM E2007." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65964.
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Computed radiography or CR has been used in the Radiography NDT industry for quite a long time. Use of CR in the pressure vessel welds has not been so popular or common industry practice, particularly in this region, may be because of cost and to some extent acceptance by the client. However ASME BPV Code has already approved use of CR and DR techniques in pressure vessel welds in place of film Radiography. The latest edition of ASME BPV Code Sec V has added some new requirements for qualification and certification of NDT personnel in Computed Radiography (ASME Sec V: 2015 Article I; Mandatory Appendix II). Typically, as we all know, CR or computed radiography uses a storage phosphor imaging plates, known as SPIP, which emits photo-stimulable luminescence in place of Silver Bromide coated films, that luminescence or light radiation is amplified by photomultiplier tubes and passes through A/D converter and several filters which produce an image on the suitable computer monitor. Most of the requirements of ASME Sec V for CR are similar to that of film radiography except in some cases as resolution, brightness and contrast in place of density and contrast used for film radiography. Although it requires expertise for processing the images, but the technique is very useful in replacing film radiography particularly in terms of chemical hazards and environmental issues of film processing, exposed film archiving and computer assisted image enhancement. But more than in traditional radiography, the use of digital images is a trade-off between the speed and the required quality. Better image quality is obtained by longer exposure times, slower phosphor screens and higher scan resolutions. Therefore, different kinds of storage phosphor screens are needed in order to cover every application. ASTM E2007 & E2033 provide excellent information and guidance of the process and application of computed radiography. Here in this presentation, we have described our understanding and experience of using computed radiography in lieu of film radiography for a pressure vessel meeting all the requirements of ASME Code.
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Wei, Y., U. Nienhuis, and E. Moredo. "Two Approaches to Scheduling Outfitting Processes in Shipbuilding." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2009-p09.
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In shipbuilding, outfitting is the process of installing non-structural components, like equipment, pipes, cables, ducts, etc., which can run through several structural compartments. Pre-outfitting is defined as outfitting activities that take place before hull erection, thus during panel, section and block assembly. The outfitting process is characterized by interferences between yard and many subcontractors, disturbances by unexpected delays, and technological constraints concerning the installation of main propulsion machinery. Scheduling of this process is therefore quite complex and a difficult topic to research. According to extensive literature study, there have been some relevant paper published more than twenty years ago[1],[2],[3],although since then the topic has not received much attention.. Traditionally, the initial outfitting process planning is generated largely manually by experts with the help of computer software, like Microsoft Project and Primavera. These tools allow some limited plan checking and evaluation. As soon as special simulation tools, for example based on eM-Plant or, Arena, are fully developed, plans can be tested, analyzed and optimized in a more accurate way. Even though the digitalization of downstream work is being developed, the initial plan depends greatly on experts. They have to be trained and then gain their expertise from practice. It generally takes over five years for someone to acquire sufficient expertise in a particular area[4]. Furthermore, the knowledge the experts gained by their years of experience may be lost, due to retirement and personnel quitting the company. Hence, it is indispensable to make such tacit knowledge explicit through models. It means that in order to optimize the facilities, maximize the production efficiency and minimize the building time, it is necessary to develop a system to automatically generate plans for outfitting processes, which can also support the simulation models afterwards for verification purposes. The research discussed in this paper looks into the possibilities to automatically generate an outfitting sequence and planning, based on two approaches. The first approach is an analytical approach, where the focus lies on the most convenient installation sequence on a system or compartment level. This sequence considers all relations between activities within one system and with activities of other systems, and relations within one compartment and its adjacent compartments. Then a mathematical approach is discussed. Physical constraints between the pipes, ducts, cable trays, etc. are introduced and represented. A model is made to generate an installation sequence of these components in one compartment.
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Shafiei, Somayeh B., Lora Cavuoto, and Khurshid A. Guru. "Motor Skill Evaluation During Robot-Assisted Surgery." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67607.
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Remote manipulation during robot-assisted surgery requires proficiency in perception, cognition, and motor skills. We aim to understand human motor control in remote manipulation of robotic surgical instrument and attempt to measure motor skills. Three features, smoothness, normalized jerk score, and two-thirds power law coefficient, estimating the motor skills of surgeons were analyzed. These features were calculated through segments, extracted from continuous end-effector trajectories during suturing, knot-tying, and needle-passing surgical tasks, performed by 8 right-handed subjects on bench-top models using da vinci surgical kit control system. Each subject repeated each task five times. Totally 1567 segments were extracted, 413, 437, and 717 segments performed by experts, intermediates, and novice subjects, respectively. Dynamic change of kinematic properties was analyzed to evaluate the relationship between considered features and motor skill level. Results show smoothness is significantly correlated with normalized jerk score and both features are significant measures of expertise levels. Also, results show the power law is violated by many end-effector trajectories and there is no relationship between obeying two-thirds power law, smoothness and jerk. We conclude trajectory is improved from non-smooth and jerky in novices to smooth in expert surgeons. This property may be used for motor skill evaluation. It is unlikely that obeying two-thirds power law be a valid property of all end-effector trajectories. However, power law coefficient may be a discriminant feature for levels of expertise. The results are also applicable in a home-based monitoring platform, to monitor motor functioning improvement of stroke patients during rehabilitation process.
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Zhang, Lianbo, Shaoli Huang, Wei Liu, and Dacheng Tao. "Learning a Mixture of Granularity-Specific Experts for Fine-Grained Categorization." In 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2019.00842.
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Karnik, Saniya, Supriya Gupta, and Jason Baihly. "Machine Intelligence for Integrated Workover Operations." In SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204423-ms.
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Abstract Because of recent advancements in the field of natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning, there is potential to ingest decades of field history and heterogeneous production records. This paper proposes an analytics workflow that leverages artificial intelligence to process thousands of historical workover reports (handwritten and electronic), extract important information, learn patterns in production activity, and train machines to quantify workover impact and derive best practices for field operations. Natural language processing libraries were developed to ingest and catalog gigabytes of field data, identify rich sources of workover information, and extract workover and cost information from unstructured reports. A machine learning (ML) model was developed and trained to predict well intervention categories based on free text describing workovers found in reports. This ML model learnt pattern and context of repeating words pertaining to a workover type (e.g. Artificial Lift, Well Integrity, etc.) and to classify reports accordingly. Statistical models were built to determine return on investment from workovers and rank them based on production improvement and payout time. Today, 80% of an oilfield expert's time can be spent manually organizing data. When processing decades of historical oilfield production data spread across both structured (production timeseries) and unstructured records (e.g., workover reports), experts often face two major challenges: 1) How to rapidly analyze field data with thousands of historical records. 2) How to use the rich historical information to generate effective insights to optimize production. In this paper, we analyzed multiple field datasets in a heterogeneous file environment with 20 different file formats (PDF, Excel, and other formats), 2,000+ files and production history spanning 50+ years across and 2000+ producing wells. Libraries were developed to extract workover files from complex folder hierarchies through an intelligent automated search. Information from reports was extracted through Python libraries and optical character recognition technology to build master data source with production history, workover, and cost information. A neural network model was trained to predict workover class for each report with >85% accuracy. The rich dataset was then used to analyze episodic workover activity by well and compute key performance indicators (KPIs) to identify well candidates for production enhancement. The building blocks included quantifying production upside and calculating return of investment for various workover classes. O&G companies have vast volumes of unstructured data and use less than 1% of it to uncover meaningful insights about field operations. Our workflow describes methodology to ingest both structured and unstructured documents, capture knowledge, quantify production upside, understand capital spending, and learn best practices in workover operations through an automated process. This process helps optimize forward operating expense (OPEX) plan with focus on cost reduction and shortens turnaround time for decision making.
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Vittori, Felipe, Luis Rojas-Solo´rzano, Armando J. Blanco, and Rafael Urbina. "Numerical Study of Smoke Propagation in a Simulated Fire in a Wagon Within a Subway Tunnel." In ASME 2008 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the Heat Transfer, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2008-55281.
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This work deals with the numerical (CFD) analysis of the smoke propagation during fires within closed environments. It is evaluated the capacity of the emergency ventilation system in controlling the smoke propagation and minimizing the deadly impact of an eventual fire in a wagon within the Metro de Caracas subway tunnel on the passengers safety. For the study, it was chosen the tunnel section between Teatros and Nuevo Circo subway stations, which consists of two parallel independent twin tunnels, connected through a transverse passage. The tunnels are provided by a longitudinal ventilation system, integrated by a set of reversible fans located at both ends of the tunnels. Three stages were considered in the study: (a) Model set up; (b) Mesh sensitivity analysis; (c) Validation of the physical-numerical parameters to be used in the numerical model; and (d) Simulation of fire scenarios in Metro de Caracas subway stations. Stages (b)–(c), aimed to testing and calibrating the CFD tool (ANSYS-CFX10™), focused on reproducing experimental data from Vauquelin and Me´gret [1], who studied the smoke propagation in a fire within a 1:20 scale road tunnel. Stage (d) critical scenarios were established via a preliminary discussion with safety experts from Metro de Caracas, in order to reduce the computer memory and the number of simulations to be performed. The analyses assessed the reliability of escape routes and alternative paths for the evacuation of passengers. Additionally, the smoke front movement was particularly computed, as a function of time, in order to determine the possible presence of the “backlayering” phenomenon [5]. Results demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of the current ventilation system in the event of a fire in the subway tunnel, and suggest new strategies to address this potentially lethal event to minimize the risks for passengers.
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Peruzzini, Margherita, Maura Mengoni, and Michele Germani. "An Exploratory Study to Fill the Gap Between Co-Design Tools and Industrial Applications." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48958.
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This paper deals with the application of remote collaborative environments in product design, in particular for design review activities. In this context, companies actually face some troubles: limited knowledge about available tools, difficulty in coming to know and using innovative systems, and complexity in evaluating the impact of the technology on design collaboration. The present research suggests a novel collaborative environment (the CoReD platform) that merges system simplicity, project-oriented approach and customizable functions. It defines a metric-based protocol considering both performances and cognitive aspects to assess collaboration quality and then monitors design review sessions within three industrial Consortia. Research contributions are to answer two main questions: how to arrange a low-cost co-design environment and how to effectively evaluate the human-system interaction and collaborative performance in industrial use. Experimental results highlight that the CoReD platform is able to efficiently improve collaborative processes by affecting both product-process performance and human-based collaboration, mainly thanks to: system architecture simplicity, low cost, high customizable functionalities and ease of use for remote design. However, results demonstrate also that significant advantages can be achieved only if industrial partners have a good level of technical expertise and high motivation to collaborate each other.
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Lugo, José E., Mari Luz Zapata-Ramos, and Carla P. Puig. "Exploration of Entrepreneurial Student Teams Performance and Student Team Members’ Personality via the Big Five Test." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67922.
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Entrepreneurial teams are generally interdisciplinary in nature; they tend to combine business, design, and engineering disciplines/expertise. The effectiveness of interdisciplinary design teams has become more important for both start-ups and companies that want to innovate; however, it is often troublesome to determine the group composition that delivers a good product/business idea. The purpose of this study is to investigate the traits in personalities that are needed in a successful entrepreneurial student design team. A study was conducted in which 40 students were divided into seven groups to deliver a technology-based product using design thinking techniques, and consumer behavior theories and research. The personality for each team member was evaluated utilizing the Big Five Test and analyzed jointly as a team, denoted as Team’s Overall Personality (TOP); and by the variability of their personalities in the group, referred as Team Personality Distribution (TPD). The teams’ performances were accounted, ranking them in Best of Best (BOB) and Worst of Worst (WOW) by taking into consideration their performance in: interview collection, idea generation, prototyping, and final presentation. The results demonstrated that the teams with best performance had high variability in Neuroticism and Extraversion when analyzed by TPD and average personality traits in Extraversion and Agreeableness when analyzed with TOP. Therefore, analysis supported that each member’s personality affects his or her team’s performance. It is recommended that the relationship is further investigated for a better representation of efficient group compositions. Recommendations on how to compose entrepreneurial design teams are provided.
Reports on the topic "EXpertise (Computer file)"
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Grzybowski, Bartosz A. Engines of discovery: Computers in advanced synthesis planning and identification of drug candidates. AsiaChem Magazine, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51167/acm00010.
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After over five decades of efforts, computers have recently begun to plan chemical syntheses of complex targets at a level comparable to human experts. With this milestone achieved, it is now time to ponder not only how the machines will accelerate and multiplex synthetic design, but also how they will guide the discovery of new targets having desired properties.