Relevant bibliographies by topics / Experts internationaux

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Experts internationaux'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Experts internationaux"

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Wilén, Nina. "Entre souveraineté copartagée et coopération conditionnelle." Études internationales 42, no. 2 (September 13, 2011): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1005824ar.

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Cet article souhaite examiner la reconstruction de l'État du Liberia par les acteurs externes et propose d'analyser en particulier le Programme d'assistance à la gouvernance et à la gestion de l'économie (GEMAP). Ce programme repose sur des cosignatures par des experts internationaux pour des dépenses étatiques. L'argument soutenu ici est que le Liberia se trouve dans une situation paradoxale, à mi-chemin entre une coopération conditionnelle et une cosouveraineté avec ses partenaires internationaux qui n'est ni volontaire, ni clairement imposée. Pour comprendre ce phénomène, l'auteure adopte un cadre théorique basé sur la path dependency . Cet article étudie donc le fondement et le fonctionnement du GEMAP afi n d'illustrer ce propos.
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VANDYCKE, Robert. "Le statut de minorité en sociologie du droit. Avec quelques considérations sur le cas québécois." Sociologie et sociétés 26, no. 1 (September 30, 2002): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/001822ar.

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Résumé La gestation d'un droit international des minorités apparaît à la fois indispensable et semé d'embûches, tant les intérêts en la matière sont divergents. Rien ne l'illustre mieux que l'incapacité, celle des États autant que des experts internationaux, de s'accorder sur la définition même de la notion de minorité. Au point que l'on se contente assez facilement d'une approche purement quantitative de la question, quand ce n'est pas de l'évidence et du bon sens. À ces prénotions, l'auteur oppose une définition en termes de domination (dont le nombre n'est qu'un facteur), puis distingue différents types de positions minoritaires et esquisse les stratégies identitaires qui s'y rattachent au Québec.
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Guignant, M., D. Murrell, E. Schimdt, D. Zillikens, C. Prost, F. Caux, and P. Joly. "Comment les experts internationaux traitent-ils les patients atteints de pemphigoïde bulleuse à travers le monde ?" Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 146, no. 12 (December 2019): A62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annder.2019.09.039.

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Abu-Goura, Ahmad. "Dixième annivèrsaire des Protocoles additionnels de 1977-Point de vue jordanien." Revue Internationale de la Croix-Rouge 69, no. 765 (June 1987): 304–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0035336100088778.

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Vingt ans après l'adoption des quatre Conventions de Genève de 1949, les organisations humanitaires concernées, notamment le CICR, ont ressenti la nécessité de développer ces traités humanitaires. Au terme de plusieurs rencontres préliminaires avec des experts de différents gouvernements et de Sociétés nationales, le CICR est parvenu à la conclusion qu'il n'était pas approprié de réviser les Conventions de 1949, mais qu'il conviendrait d'élaborer deux Protocoles additionnels. Le premier serait consacré aux «conflits armés internationaux», le deuxième aux «conflits armés non internationaux». L'un et l'autre des Protocoles étaient destinés à servir de complément, ou de supplément, aux Conventions de Genève. Ils sont le résultat des longues et multiples discussions engagées entre les hauts responsables de la Croix-Rouge et du Croissant-Rouge et les représentants gouvernementaux qui, ensemble, ont tenté de trouver de nouvelles solutions face aux lacunes des Conventions de Genève, prenant ainsi en compte les développements intervenus sur la scène politique mondiale.
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Momzikoff, Sophie. "Quatre experts internationaux du PCUS?: formations et parcours politiques avant leur entrée au service de Mikhaïl Gorbatchev." Relations internationales 170, no. 2 (2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ri.170.0091.

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Desy, Janeve, Vicki E. Noble, Andrew S. Liteplo, Paul Olszynski, Brian Buchanan, Renee Dversdal, Shane Arishenkoff, Gigi Liu, Elaine Dumoulin, and Irene W. Y. Ma. "Minimal Criteria for Lung Ultrasonography in Internal Medicine." Canadian Journal of General Internal Medicine 16, no. 2 (June 21, 2021): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22374/cjgim.v16i2.507.

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BackgroundPoint-of-care lung ultrasound (LUS) examination is increasingly utilized in Internal Medicine. To improve the standardization of LUS education and clinical use, explicit minimal criteria for defining what is an acceptable and clinically useful image are needed.MethodsA 97-item online survey of potential minimal criteria for common uses of LUS in Internal Medicine was developed and sent to 10 international point-of-care ultrasound experts. Their opinion on the inclusion of each item was sought and items not achieving consensus (defined as agreement by at least 70% of the experts) were reassessed in subsequent rounds. A total of three rounds were conducted.ResultsSeventy-four minimal criteria were agreed upon for inclusion, 24 were agreed upon for exclusion, and two did not reach consensus.ConclusionsExperts agreed on 74 minimal criteria for Internal Medicine LUS. The use of these minimal criteria during teaching and clinical use is strongly recommended. RésuméContexteL’échographie pulmonaire au point d’intervention est de plus en plus utilisée en médecine interne. Pour améliorer l’uniformisation de la formation sur l’échographie pulmonaire et de son utilisation clinique, il faut des critères minimaux explicites pour définir ce qu’est une image acceptable et utile sur le plan clinique.MéthodologieUn sondage en ligne de 97 éléments portant sur des critères minimaux possibles dans l’utilisation courante de l’échographie pulmonaire en médecine interne a été élaboré et soumis à 10 experts internationaux en échographie au point d’intervention. Leur avis sur l’inclusion de chaque élément a été sondé, et les éléments pour lesquels il n’y avait pas de consensus (défini par l’accord d’au moins 70 % des experts) ont été réévalués lors de tours suivants. Au total, trois tours ont été effectués.RésultatsSoixante-quatorze critères minimaux ont été acceptés, 24 ont été exclus et deux n’ont pas fait consensus.ConclusionsLes experts se sont entendus sur 74 critères minimaux relatifs à l’échographie pulmonaire en médecine interne. L’utilisation de ces critères minimaux au cours de l’enseignement et de l’utilisation clinique est fortement recommandée.
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Cabero-Almenara, Julio, Rosalía Romero-Tena, and Antonio Palacios-Rodríguez. "Evaluation of Teacher Digital Competence Frameworks Through Expert Judgement: the Use of the Expert Competence Coefficient." Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research 9, no. 2 (July 15, 2020): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.7821/naer.2020.7.578.

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In this paper, different proposals made by national and international organizations and institutions on Teacher Digital Literacy are taken into account. The 7 most commonly used competence frameworks in international contexts are presented for evaluation through expert judgment. Next, the most suitable for the subsequent realization of a t-MOOC on Teacher Digital Literacy was selected. The selection of these experts was based on seven criteria that helped to establish the expert knowledge coefficient (EKC). This strategy served to obtain the viability of the selected sample. A total of 412 people, 155 experts and 257 non-experts participated in this study. After conducting the expert judgment, in a single round, it was concluded that the European Framework of Digital Competence for Teachers DigCompEdu is the most valued and adequate to be used as reference for the formative t-MOOC, followed by INTEF. This result is logical, since the latter is inspired by the former. These findings do not question the validity of the other competency frameworks, but the preferences granted by the judges.
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Rusetskyi, A. A. "ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION OF FORENSIC-EXPERT ACTIVITY: THE INTERNATIONAL ASPECT." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 17 (November 29, 2017): 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2017.19.

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Issues of international cooperation in the field offorensic expert activity are always relevant both for judicial power in general and for itself. The importance of such cooperation has increased in connection with the reform of political, economic, social and law enforcement systems in Ukraine. The main reasons for the need of international forensic- expert cooperation are the integration and globalization of international scientific relations and the implementation of its results in its own legislative and other bases. The issues of international forensic-expert cooperation have found their reflection in the international treaties in the field of expert activity with European countries, countries of the near and far east. These agreements define the procedure for calling experts abroad, give guarantees for the protection of experts, provide the right of the expert to reimburse travel and stay costs, as well as the right to payfor the work done. An urgent issue of international cooperation of Ukrainian expert institutions in the field of forensic expert activity is the entrance to the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI). Since 2002, the State Research Expert-criminalistic Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is a full member of ENFSI. To date, two expert institutions of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine are members of the ENFSI - it’s the Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Kharkiv Research Institute of Forensic Examinations and Kiyiv Research Institute of Forensic Examinations. International cooperation in the field of forensic-expert activity in Ukraine is a dynamically developing system that meets the interests of not only forensic experts, but also all the subjects ofpublic and political life. Integration of international standards into the nationalforensic- expert activity is conditioned by the development of innovative expert methods and techniques, which, in their turn, enhance the prestige and professionalism of Ukrainian expert institutions.
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Hasparian, S. "DIRECTIONS OF APPLICATION OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF STAFFING OF FORENSIC INSTITUTIONS IN UKRAINE." Archives of Criminology and Forensic Sciences 1 (June 16, 2020): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/acfs.1.2020.11.

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The article stipulates that national forensic examination can not exist in isolation, only within a single state, it is essential for forensic institutions to promote international cooperation in order to exchange experience, take into consideration modern achievements of science and technology, create specialized areas for expert research. It is stressed that forensic institutions of Ukraine have chosen the path of joining the communities of international forensic institutions, making it possible to improve staffing. The author noted that the purpose of the community of European forensic institutions is to promote: science and research in the field of forensic science; international cooperation in the field of forensic activities; quality of expert research and competence of forensic experts; education and training of forensic experts; developments in forensic science. It is emphasized that the realization of integration of forensic activities, as a result, always aims at harmonizing and improving expert legislation, deepening the theoretical foundations of forensic science, developing of common guidelines for different types of examinations, obtaining international recognition of expert opinion in general, further developing of forensic science, improving professional skills of the staff of forensic institutions. It is proved that as a result of the analysis of foreign experience of forensic institutions staffing the following directions of its possible implementation in Ukraine were suggested, such as: development of the European model of ensuring maximum independence and competition of forensic experts; intensification and expansion of participation in the international network of forensic institutions; focus on the training of forensic experts from the «children’s university» on the basis of higher education institutions, which also provide for appropriate internship programs; practice of experts training according to corresponding program under the guidance of a mentor from among highly qualified forensic experts; application of the combined extraordinary certification of forensic experts in case of reasonable doubts as to the required level of professional training, etc.
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Mbengue, Makane Moïse, and Rukmini Das. "Use of Experts in International Freshwater Disputes." Brill Research Perspectives in International Water Law 4, no. 3 (October 17, 2019): 3–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23529369-12340015.

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AbstractInternational disputes related to freshwater resources are increasing in number and complexity. The rising complexity is necessarily accompanied and compounded by the involvement of experts in dispute resolution. This monograph examines, through case studies of international tribunal decisions, the role and use (or absence) of experts in international freshwater disputes. Through this examination, the authors identify the good practices as well as the lacunae in expert use in disputes of this nature. The monograph goes on to suggest the best practices with respect to expert involvement and use for a more fair and efficient resolution of international water disputes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Experts internationaux"

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Ríos, Rodríguez Jacobo. "L'expert en droit international." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010317.

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Si la fonction d'expertise est devenue habituelle dans les relations internationales, le statut de l'expert qui l'exerce et les méthodes qu'elle emploie ne sont pas souvent évoqués. Distincts, mais aux côtés des diplomates et du personnel permanent des États et des organisations internationales, les experts, consultants ou techniciens donnent leur avis à ces derniers, qui les nomment pour accomplir cette mission. La thèse défendue est que l'utilisation d'experts internationaux dépasse les différences spécifiques des différents contextes dans lesquels elle intervient, et peut être analysée sous un certain nombre de caractéristiques communes: l'avis du technicien, agent international, peut être déterminant pour le contenu des décisions prises postérieurement par les sujets de droit international, en ce qui concerne notamment l'élaboration et l'application des normes. Les principes essentiels régissant le recours à l'expert en droit international et les méthodes d'insertion de son avis dans des décisions et instruments normatifs doivent être saisis.
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Benzekri, Abdallah. "Le régime juridique des experts internationaux et leur rôle dans le processus du développement." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010293.

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L'expertise internationale pour le développement a connu un développement considérable après la période des indépendances. Durant cette période, une entité distincte de pays anciennement colonises a commencé à s'organiser autour de nouvelles perspectives et de nouveaux rêves de prospérité et de développement. Ceci avait donné lieu à des recrutements massifs d'experts internationaux, dans tous les domaines ayant un rapport avec le développement. Certains juristes se sont rendu compte ainsi qu'une nouvelle catégorie dans la fonction internationale était en train de naitre. Les sociologues, quant à eux se sont occupés de l'œuvre de ces experts sur le terrain du développement. Pourtant, plusieurs voix se sont élevées dernièrement pour mettre en question les experts internationaux et pour leur denier tout rôle positif dans le développement. Ce travail se propose d'étudier le régime juridique des experts internationaux et d'évaluer leur rôle effectif dans le processus du développement.
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Grandi, Elisa. "Reti di esperti e attori politici nelle missioni della Banca Mondiale : l programmi in Colombia e i loro effetti globali sull’assistenza allo sviluppo (1940-1966)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC103/document.

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Crée en 1944, la Banque Internationale pour la Reconstruction et le développement entre en activité en 1947. Parmi les premières activités auxquelles elle se consacre au cours des années quarante, les missions et prêts de la Banque Mondiale en Colombie représentent un moment clef dans l’évolution de cette institution vers la forme d’organisation, l’articulation des procédures et la définition des objectifs qui la caractérisent encore aujourd’hui. Notre recherche porte sur ce processus, en se concentrant en particulier sur la mission organisée en 1949 et sur les conséquences de cette celle-ci sur l’évolution de la Banque, ainsi que sur la politique économique colombienne. Nous avons étudié l’ensemble des pratiques liées à l’évolution des politiques de la Banque mondiale dans les premières années d’activité, en soulignant en particulier le caractère émergent de cette organisation. Dans cette évolution, les missions représenteraient un moment d’interaction entre experts internationaux et experts locaux, fondamental pour comprendre l’évolution de l’action de la Banque mondiale. À partir de cette hypothèse, le défi principal de la recherche a été celui d’élaborer une méthode d’analyse permettant de saisir les stratégies et les pratiques mises en place au cours des missions de la Banque Mondiale et de les mettre en relation avec les résultats de ces missions. Pour saisir ces stratégies nous avons analysé les liens mises en place entre les acteurs, locaux et transnationaux, au cours des missions et en observer l’évolution dans le temps. La reconstruction de ces liens nous a permis de mieux comprendre l’émergence de certaines institutions à la base de la demande et de la gestion des prêts, ainsi que des critères d’évaluation et d’intervention des experts internationaux dans les pays en développement. Nous essayons donc d’étudier un phénomène transnational par une approche micro historique
The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development was founded in 1944 and began its operations in 1947. Among the first activities the Bank carried out in the 1940s, the missions and loans in Colombia represented a key moment in the evolution of this institution towards the form of organization, the articulation of procedures and the definition of the objectives that characterize the Bank still today. Our research focuses on this process, focusing in particular on the General Survey mission organized in 1949 and its implications for the evolution of the Bank, as well as Colombian economic policy. Through this mission, we examined the practices related to the evolution of the World Bank's policies during the first years of activity, highlighting in particular the emergent nature of this organization. These missions, analyzed as a moment of interaction between international experts and local experts, are fundamental to understanding the evolution of the World Bank's work. Based on this assumption, one of the main challenge of the research was to develop a method of analysis to capture the strategies and practices developed during the World Bank missions and to relate them to the results of these missions. In order to understand these strategies, we analyzed the links established among the actors, local and international, and observed their evolution over time. Crafting and studying these links allowed us to better understand the emergence of certain institutions related to the demand and management of the loans, as well as the criteria the Bank established for the evaluation and intervention of international experts in developing countries. This implied the study of a transnational phenomenon by a micro-historical approach
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Essama, Owono Simeon. "Trois "entrepreneures de morale" à Amvoé : une étude de cas de la relation d'autorité dans une école primaire du Cameroun." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23335.

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Ce travail est une étude exploratoire sur la relation d’autorité en salle de classe dans une école primaire publique du Cameroun. Je voulais comprendre comment les enseignants et les élèves d’une école publique en milieu périurbain vivent la relation d’autorité en salle de classe. Pour rendre compte de cette expérience, j’ai choisi l’approche de terrain prônée par l’interactionnisme symbolique. J’ai alors eu recours à l’observation de deux classes (106 h 43 min), à 12 entretiens semi-structurés avec les élèves des deux classes et 3 autres avec la directrice d’école et les deux titulaires des deux classes. Analysée dans un premier temps au moyen de deux catégories : l’épistémique et le déontique, la relation d’autorité apparaît comme une relation verticale basée sur la coercition. Ensuite, pour mieux comprendre la complexité des interactions qui favorisent un tel type de relation, j’ai convoqué la théorie de la structuration sociale de Giddens. Cela m’a permis de placer le vécu de la salle de classe dans le contexte méso-social de la politique éducative, puis dans le contexte macro social des politiques d’ajustement structurel qui régentent le Cameroun et d’autres pays dits en développement pour découvrir que la domination du macro social sur le méso social crée une anomie au niveau des orientations scolaires. Ce qui permet aux enseignantes d’instituer et d’appliquer leurs propres normes à l’école. C’est cet acte d’invention et d’application des normes qui fait d’elles des « entrepreneures de morale ».
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Bahri, Hassen. "Pour en finir avec la dépolitisation : le développement international et son discours face aux pratiques locales du pouvoir." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36435.

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Diagnostic des forces et des faiblesses, traitements, bilans, perspectives et prédictions, les institutions financières internationales conditionnent les prêts octroyés aux États financés à une série d’ajustements et de mesures auxquelles leurs économies devraient être soumises. Leurs documentations en matière de développement économique prennent un ton qui n’est pas sans rappeler les écrits religieux. Naturalisé, simplifié et dépolitisé, le discours de ces institutions se veut une sorte de catéchisme de l’orthodoxie économique, des commandements (censés représenter la culmination du savoir économique et le consensus de ses savants) dont la stricte obéissance mènerait vers la terre promise du développement et de la prospérité et dont le rejet représenterait une hérésie démagogique. Les auteurs critiques des politiques de développement de ces bailleurs de fonds arguent que les États receveurs de l’aide financière sont en train de perdre le contrôle sur leurs économies et que leurs populations, en plus du coût social auquel elles sont soumises, voient le pouvoir décisionnel leur échapper pour devenir l’apanage d’une élite d’experts. Grâce à la place hégémonique du savoir économique dont ils se prévalent, ils occuperaient un poids de plus en plus prépondérant dans le processus de prise de décisions politiques. Conçu et prescrit via l’angle de l’expertise, le développement serait réduit à ces éléments techniques et contribuerait ainsi à la dépolitisation du politique et à asseoir le pouvoir des bailleurs de fonds, détenteurs du monopole de l’expertise du développement, sur les politiques économiques de l’État financé. Toutefois, les disparités régionales en matière d’applications des politiques néolibérales des institutions financières et les difficultés éprouvées par l’élite économique dans certains pays à imposer leur savoir comme savoir hégémonique et à s’installer dans les rouages clés de la prise de décision politique nous poussent à considérer l’importance des dynamiques locales du pouvoir. Mais encore, ils nous contraignent à rejeter toute velléité de comprendre l’économie de l’État financé via uniquement le prisme d’une domination d’institutions toutes puissantes qui imposeraient un savoir-faire hégémonique à des États soumis et sans recours. Dans cette thèse, nous défendrons l’idée que si le développement est bel et bien une manifestation de rapports de pouvoir, il faudrait plutôt chercher à le comprendre via les pratiques qui le composent. Ce que nous proposons c’est une lecture de l’entreprise du développement via ses contraintes bureaucratiques, via les différentes stratégies de contournement des exigences des institutions financières et les mécanismes de leur interprétation, mais également à travers les différentes luttes internes qui définissent le polity et les limites du pouvoir de l’État. Cette approche, nous l’espérons, permettrait de mieux saisir les dynamiques qui sous-tendent les politiques économiques de l’État financé, de mieux dégager le rôle des institutions financières et de situer la place de l’idéologie néolibérale dans le processus décisionnel.
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Rindermann, Heiner, David Becker, and Thomas R. Coyle. "Survey of Expert Opinion on Intelligence: Causes of International Differences in Cognitive Ability Tests." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-209100.

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Following Snyderman and Rothman (1987, 1988), we surveyed expert opinions on the current state of intelligence research. This report examines expert opinions on causes of international differences in student assessment and psychometric IQ test results. Experts were surveyed about the importance of culture, genes, education (quantity and quality), wealth, health, geography, climate, politics, modernization, sampling error, test knowledge, discrimination, test bias, and migration. The importance of these factors was evaluated for diverse countries, regions, and groups including Finland, East Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Southern Europe, the Arabian-Muslim world, Latin America, Israel, Jews in the West, Roma (gypsies), and Muslim immigrants. Education was rated by N = 71 experts as the most important cause of international ability differences. Genes were rated as the second most relevant factor but also had the highest variability in ratings. Culture, health, wealth, modernization, and politics were the next most important factors, whereas other factors such as geography, climate, test bias, and sampling error were less important. The paper concludes with a discussion of limitations of the survey (e.g., response rates and validity of expert opinions).
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Wilson, II Samuel Forrest. "Terrorist Experts' Perceptions of how the Internet has Shaped International Terrorism." ScholarWorks, 2014. http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/110.

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Mass media and the Internet have emerged as enablers for terrorist planning, facilitation, and communication. The Internet allows terrorists to operate without the confines of borders and increases the potential impact on victims. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the perceptions of American terrorist experts on how terrorists' Internet use has shaped international terrorism. Stepanova's asymmetric conflict theory served as the theoretical framework of this study. Specifically, this study explored terrorists' Internet-based recruitment strategies, the ways in which those recruitment efforts were supported in the United States, the measures to counter such recruitment efforts, and the future direction of terrorist recruitment in the 21st century. Data were collected through in-depth semistructured interviews with a purposive sample of 10 American terrorist experts. Data were analyzed using thematic coding. Findings indicated that terrorists' Internet use has resulted in challenges for counterterrorism agencies in the United States and abroad due to the ability of terrorists to easily close, change, and create new websites or accounts. These findings may inform the work of domestic and international counterterrorism entities in creating policy objectives that address the fluid nature of Internet recruitment, including proactive and coordinated responses by member states. This action may improve the United States' security through more effective recognition and response to terrorist Internet tactics.
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Grammig, Thomas. "Les relations entre savoirs et experts dans la cooperation industrielle." Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0506.

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Cette recherche se base sur une observation participante de deux operations de cooperation pour le developpement. Pour l'un, le contexte est le secteur informel de la capitale d'un pays ouest-africain, pour l'autre, la production d'electricite au mexique. Les differences concernant les aspects techniques, institutionnels et socio-culturels facilitent une comparaison de la communication a l'interieur de chaque "projet". La transmission envisagee d'un savoirfaire technique investit les objets "developpants" dans un processus exo-sociologique en afrique de l'ouest, ou ils servent a fixer l'alterite socioculturelle en perdant ainsi la substance technique, et dans un processus endo-sociologiq ue au mexique, qui les rend insignifiants. La deuxieme etape de la demarche montre comment surgit une interface ideologi que entre les etrangers et les autochtones, permettant de continuer leur collaboration malgre l'insuffisance des echange s. Le fonctionnement de l'interface ressort aussi de l'analyse des echnages avec les concepts de la theorie de l'agir communicationnel. La these montre pour la premiere fois comment se construisent localement les rapports sociaux developpementalistes, en les sortant de l7approche du rapport interculturel qui lui tend a substantialiser les "cultures en presence". A partir des modalites particulieres de l'observation faite, la these degage les conditions methodologiques pour saisir le sens social de toute pratique de cooperation aujourd'hui. Les resultats sont categoriquement insaisissables pour les etranger s, meme lors d'une situation marquee par la proximite vis-a-vis de la logique professionnelle des autochtones
The analysis comprises the participant observation of two multilateral devlopment assistance projects. The first case study consists of an informal sector project, introducing new products and manufacturing processes to metal-working arti sans in westafrica. The second one concerns the introduction of power generation equipment in large-scale industry in mexico. The important difference in the sociocultural, political and technological contexts lead us to restrict the analysis to the internal logic of such development projects. First, the symbolic coherence of the communication between foreign experts and their counterparts is reconstructed, there by identifying the transformation of the nature of the technical know-how. The second step of the analysis shows how the communication dynamic determines the implementation of the technology and the degree of the transfer of know-how. The presence of the researcher is used by the participants to act upon the transfer and this utilisation allows in turn to identify their constraints on objectifying their relati onship. In both cases, the developmental content of these projects is effectively dematerialized in this relationship. This research proposes an alternative to the "intercultural situation" approach by demonstrating the hybrid nature of th e transactional relation in contemporary technical assistance
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Richani, Joseph. "Les Preuves dans l'arbitrage international." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869967.

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L'arbitrage est un mode de résolution des litiges par l'intermédiaire d'un tribunal arbitral composé d'un ou plusieurs arbitres. Il permet, comme devant les tribunaux étatiques, de régler un litige en vertu d'une sentence rendue à l'issue d'une procédure arbitrale dans laquelle chacune des parties doit prouver ce qu'elle allègue afin d'établir la conviction des arbitres. C'est par le recours aux divers modes de preuve inspirés des différents systèmes juridiques notamment du système de Common Law et du système de droit civil que les plaideurs pourront atteindre cette finalité.En revanche, parce que l'arbitrage international ne possède ni for ni législation spéciaux, l'administration des preuves dans une instance arbitrale internationale revêt un caractère sui generis de fait que l'arbitrage international a reconnu un système de preuve qui a utilisé les avantages des divers systèmes juridiques. Ainsi, on retrouve que la preuve écrite, qu'elle soit sur support papier ou sur support électronique, est administrée selon le model civiliste qui donne la primauté à une preuve préconstituée à l'avance. Mais, en ce qui concerne la preuve par témoin, l'influence des droits de Common Law paraît claire surtout que dans la plupart des cas, le pouvoir de nommer et d'interroger les témoins revient aux plaideurs qui utilisent la méthode d'Examination lors de l'interrogation des témoins. C'est aussi le cas de l'expertise qui est souvent considérée comme une preuve orale dans laquelle il revient aux parties le pouvoir de désigner les experts et de les interroger suivant l'interrogatoire direct et le contre interrogatoire tout comme des témoins. Ainsi, les preuves dans l'arbitrage international peuvent être reparties en preuves écrites et preuves orales dont les premières sont constituées de l'écrit sur support papier ou sur support électronique et les secondes sont formées par la preuve par témoin et la preuve par expertise.
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De, Pryck Kari. "Expertise under controversy : the case of the Intergovernmental Panel on climate change (IPCC)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0037/document.

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L'expertise internationale joue un rôle important dans la mise à l’agenda d’enjeux environnementaux globaux. Ces évaluations sont souvent contestées, en particulier là où les faits et les valeurs sont fortement imbriqués. Cette thèse examine le cas du Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat (GIEC), une des organisations d’experts les plus contestées. Elle s'intéresse plus généralement à comment ces organisations maintiennent leur autorité, en croisant les apports théoriques des études des sciences et des techniques et de la sociologie des organisations internationales. Un argument central est que le GIEC, en partie à cause de l'univers controversé dans lequel il évolue, est devenu une bureaucratie internationale. La thèse identifie quatre arrangements institutionnels sur lesquels l'organisation s'est appuyée pour maintenir son autorité. Premièrement, elle s'est efforcée de maintenir une représentation équilibrée des États, principalement entre pays développés et pays en développement. Deuxièmement, il a mis en place des mécanismes de gouvernance qui permettent aux gouvernements de jouer un rôle dans le processus d'évaluation, encourageant la “reappropriation” de ses conclusions. Troisièmement, il a procéduralisé le processus d'évaluation pour formaliser le rôle de ses différentes parties et protéger l'organisation contre les critiques. Quatrièmement, il est plus attentif à la gestion de la communication. Ces arrangements sont régulièrement renégociés dans le contexte de nouveaux défis et controverses. Au-delà du GIEC, ils offrent de nouvelles perspectives pour observer l'imbrication de l'autorité politique et épistémique
In the last decades, international expertise has been essential to put global environmental problems on the international agenda. These assessments are often contested, especially on issues where facts and values are profoundly entangled. This thesis investigates the case of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), one of the most authoritative, albeit contested expert organisation. It is more generally interested in how these organisations construct and maintain their authority, drawing on insights from Science and Technology Studies and sociological approaches to international organisations. A central argument is that, partly as a result of the controversial universe in which it has evolved, the IPCC has grown into an international bureaucracy. The thesis identifies four institutional arrangements on which the organisation has relied to maintain its authority. First, it has strived for a balanced representation of all nations, and in particular between developed and developing countries. Second, it has put in place governing mechanisms that allow governments to play a central role in the assessment process, encouraging the ‘ownership’ of its conclusions. Third, it has increasingly proceduralised the assessment, to formalise the role of its different parts and protect the organisation against criticism. Four, it has been more attentive to the management of the information displayed about its work. These arrangements are regularly renegotiated in the context of new challenges and controversies. Beyond the IPCC, they provide relevant lenses to observe the intertwining of political and epistemic authority at the international level
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Books on the topic "Experts internationaux"

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Cullen, Holly, Joanna Harrington, and Catherine Renshaw, eds. Experts, Networks and International Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316876923.

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Appraisers, American Society of. Accredited business appraisal experts international directory. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 17265, Washington 20041): The Society, 1991.

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Monod de Froideville, Gilbert, and Mark Verheul. An Experts' Guide to International Protocol. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463727167.

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Although modern life grows increasingly casual, in many sectors, protocol still reigns supreme. An Expert's Guide to International Protocol offers an overview of its associated practices, including those found within the context of diplomatic relations and the business world. Focusing on a wide range of countries and cultures, the book covers topics like precedence, seating arrangements, flags, ceremonies, invitations, dress codes, gifts and honours, and the roles of the protocol officer, guest and host. Throughout, influential diplomatic, business, and cultural figures share their own experiences with protocols around the world, also throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Monod de Froideville, Gilbert, and Mark Verheul. An Experts' Guide to International Protocol. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462981058.

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Although modern life grows increasingly casual, in many sectors, protocol still reigns supreme. An Expert's Guide to International Protocol offers an overview of its associated practices, including those found within the context of diplomatic relations and the business world. Focusing on a wide range of countries and cultures, the book covers topics like seating arrangements, the history and use of flags, ceremonies, invitations and dress codes, and gifts and decorations. Throughout, influential diplomatic, business, cultural, and sports figures share their own experiences with protocols around the world.
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1963-, Hacid Mohand-Saïd, ed. Foundations of intelligent systems: 13th International Symposium, ISMIS 2002, Lyon, France, June 27-29, 2002 : proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2002.

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Meyer, J. B. Experts en mission: Les coulisses d'un transfert de technologie. Paris: Editions Karthala, 1997.

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W, Schot J., ed. Making Europe: Experts, cartels, and international organizations. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.

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Valuation for arbitration: Compensation standards, valuation methods and expert evidence. Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2008.

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Appazov, Artur. Expert Evidence and International Criminal Justice. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24340-5.

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Green, Edward C. Rethinking AIDS prevention: How the experts went wrong. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Experts internationaux"

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Carod-Artal, Francisco Javier, and Carolina Vázquez-Cabrera. "Burnout Syndrome in an International Setting." In Burnout for Experts, 15–35. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4391-9_2.

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O’Malley, Nathan D. "Party-appointed experts." In Rules of Evidence in International Arbitration, 145–63. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon [UK] ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Lloyd’s arbitration law library: Informa Law from Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315871127-5.

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Bueger, Christian. "From Expert Communities to Epistemic Arrangements: Situating Expertise in International Relations." In Global Power Shift, 39–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55007-2_2.

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Hadi, Ali S. "Expert Systems." In International Encyclopedia of Statistical Science, 480–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04898-2_240.

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Blackshaw, Ian S. "‘Expert Determination’." In Asser International Sports Law Series, 231–33. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-645-9_20.

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Campbell-Verduyn, Malcolm, and Tony Porter. "Experts, Matters and Actor-Networks." In Technologies of International Relations, 77–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97418-7_8.

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Shaw, Mildred L. G., and Brian R. Gaines. "Expert Systems." In International Handbook of Personal Construct Psychology, 133–39. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470013370.ch12.

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Reimann, Peter, and Lina Markauskaite. "Expertise." In International Handbook of the Learning Sciences, 54–63. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315617572-6.

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Ashby Wilson, Richard. "Propaganda experts in the international criminal courtroom." In Propaganda and International Criminal Law, 63–85. New York: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429443695-3.

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O’Malley, Nathan D. "Tribunal-appointed experts and inspections." In Rules of Evidence in International Arbitration, 165–200. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon [UK] ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Lloyd’s arbitration law library: Informa Law from Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315871127-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Experts internationaux"

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Kikuchi, Tetsuo, Erika Suzuki, Xiahui Liu, Yuka Takai, Akihiko Goto, Hiroyuki Hamada, and Yuqiu Yang. "An Investigation on the Relationship Between Operator’s Skill Level and Dimension Stability in Gel Coating." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37725.

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Gel Coating has been used for forming composite structures since ancient times. Although the gel coating method is very primitive, it offers the advantage of being able to deal widely with different production volumes and product sizes because the molds used are inexpensive and facility costs are low. On the other hand, gel coating work itself relies on human skills, which means that the finish differs according to the operator carrying out the work, the quality of the product differs among parts depending on the ease of forming. Hence highly specialized control technique and the tradition of skill are required to ensure the consistent stability of product quality. Generally, it needs more than 25 years of training and practice, as well as relentless efforts and an instinctive sense of molding to master the art of gel coating. However, there are in fact very few people who can be called experts of the technique in Japan. For this reason, the tradition of molding techniques needs to be carried on as quickly as possible. It is considered that the experiment, seemingly a new and only attempt in Japan, quantified techniques that are not visibly apparent and considered to be tacit knowledge. Therefore, in this study, motion analysis experiment of gel coating experts by MAC 3D System at a sampling rate of 60 Hz was conducted to obtain objective data on an expert applier’s skills (the default value) with compared to the non-expert one. Furthermore, dimensional stability measurements were made, and an investigation of the correlation to an expert’s application techniques was conducted in order to pass the suitable training and communicating technical skills to advanced management engineering and inexperienced appliers. It is found that the movement of an expert applier’s lower body had a different motion compared with a non-expert applier. The expert’s centroid moved smoothly and his motion tended to be constant. On the other hand, the non-expert’s motion was awkward at several points and his motion didn’t have the same tendencies as the expert.
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Gandy, David W., and Jonathan Parker. "Creep-Fatigue Damage: An International Perspective." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/creep2007-26334.

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Improved knowledge of creep and fatigue interactions is necessary today more than ever as power-generating plants are exposed to cyclic operation. Understanding factors that impact damage initiation and propagation, as well as technologies to predict accumulation of damage in systems and components are required. This paper summarizes the primary results of an International Expert Workshop on Creep-Fatigue Damage Interaction that was held in Amsterdam in July 2006. The purpose of the Expert Workshop was to bring together key industry experts from around the world to do the following: • Assess and document current creep-fatigue test methods; • Evaluate analytical methodologies with respect to crack initiation and growth; • Discuss life prediction methodologies for different applications; • Assess deficiencies that exist in the area of creep-fatigue damage; • Identify future research and development requirements. The International Expert Workshop resulted in 16 action items which are delineated in this paper. Updates will be provided on progress made to date toward addressing these 16 items.
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Kohler, Rachel, John Purviance, and Kurt Luther. "Geolocating Images with Crowdsourcing and Diagramming." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/741.

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Many types of investigative work involve verifying the legitimacy of visual evidence by identifying the precise geographic location where a photo or video was taken. Professional geolocation is often a manual, time-consuming process that can involve searching large areas of satellite imagery for potential matches. In this paper, we explore how crowdsourcing can be used to support expert image geolocation. We adapt an expert diagramming technique to overcome spatial reasoning limitations of novice crowds so that they can support an expert's search. In an experiment (n=540), we found that diagrams work significantly better than ground-level photos and allow crowds to reduce a search area by half before any expert intervention. We also discuss hybrid approaches to complex image analysis combining crowds, experts, and computer vision.
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Partridge, Lee, and Denise Chalmers. "External Peer Review of Teaching (ExPeRT) Portfolios for Promotion." In Fourth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head18.2018.8024.

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This paper focuses on the role and purpose of external expert peer review of teaching portfolios for promotion, using institutional criteria. This is grounded in the recognition that higher education institutions typically struggle to identify suitably experienced, expert reviewers of teaching portfolios for promotion purposes. It considers the feasibility of establishing a ‘College of Peers’ who are endorsed and trained teaching and learning experts to carry out the reviews. A model of training expert peer reviewers was trailed. While grounded in the Australian context, the issues and applications are international.
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Shavit, Amit, and Sameena Shah. "Perceived, Projected, and True Investment Expertise: Not All Experts Provide Expert Recommendations." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dsaa.2016.45.

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Shergadwala, Murtuza, Karthik N. Kannan, and Jitesh H. Panchal. "Understanding the Impact of Expertise on Design Outcome: An Approach Based on Concept Inventories and Item Response Theory." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59038.

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Research on expertise in design has focused primarily on understanding expert-novice differences. Although it is well established that experts perform better than novices, there is a lack of formal methods to quantify the potential impact of expertise on the quality of design outcomes. The research question addressed in this paper is: How can the impact of expertise on the quality of design solutions be quantified? Quantifying such impacts can be of particular importance in product development, recruitment processes and design competitions. We utilize an approach based on Item Response Theory (IRT) and Concept Inventories (CI) for expertise quantification. We then investigate and validate the impact of expertise on solution quality through a behavioral experiment involving a track design problem. The results highlight the usefulness of the proposed approach and provide a functional relationship between expertise and solution quality. We also observe behavioral differences between participants with varying scores on a test taken in the behavioral experiment. The proposed approach could be used in the future work to quantify learning.
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Seneviratne, A. M. N. D. B., and R. M. Chandima Ratnayake. "Development of FIS for Identification of Potential Failure Locations in Topside Piping Sub-Systems: An Expert System Based Approach." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41519.

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The identification of potential failure locations in ageing topside piping equipment of offshore production and process facilities (P&PFs) requires rigorous analyses. The risk based inspection (RBI) analysis methods defined in industrial standards classify the equipment according to the risk levels. The RBI analysis carried out on the plant equipment of P&PFs identifies the systems and sub-systems according to the different risk levels. However, the sub-systems (i.e. corrosion loops) are mainly defined according to the degradation behavior of the equipment. The equipment hierarchy for P&PFs is designed based on the RBI analysis outcome. The major part of risk level evaluation is based on equipment’s probability of failure, which is related to degradation. The risk level analysis of equipment and thickness measurement locations (TMLs) within a sub-system is based on the expert engineering judgments of field experts. This analysis varies depending on the expertise of the evaluator in identifying and classifying critical TMLs in a sub-system. This manuscript illustrates an expert system using fuzzy inference systems (FISs) to identify the potential failure of TMLs in a sub-system suppressing the variation of analysis results given by different field experts. The method is illustrated by considering two degradation mechanisms (corrosion and erosion) to identify the probability of potential failure and integrating the production and process data to the FIS based expert system to generate a dynamic output.
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Kuna, Danijela, Matej Babić, and Mateja Očić. "Hierarchical Classification Of Expert Models Of Exercises Designed To Eliminate Specific Mistakes Occurring In Short Ski Turn." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-8.

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The aim of the present study was to examine the structure of an expert model of exercises designed to eliminate the Lack of specific ski movement mistake in short ski turn, as well as offer a hierarchical classification of the expert model. For this purpose, a two-stage research was conducted. During the first stage of the research the exercises with the purpose of Lack of specific ski movement mistake elimination were designed by 20 skiing experts aged 25 to 45. By means of email and coordinated by the paper author, the experts first designed a model of 14 methodical exercises and subsequently selected the five most relevant ones, ranking them on a scale from 1 to 5. A nonparametric chi - square test (χ2) was used. The research showed there was no significant variation across the experts’eval-uation of the five most important methodical exercises (χ2 = 21,69; p = 0,06). The expert model of the most important methodical exercises for the Lack of specific ski movement mistake correction thus includes the following: Holding a ski stick under the handle, Jump turns, Hands on hips, Unbuttoned ski boots and Ski poles in vertical position in forwards. 307 skiing professionals of various levels of expertise participated in the second stage of the research, whose aim was to classify the Lack of specific ski movement mistake elimi-nation exercises. The participants’task was to rank the exercises based on their relevance. Total amounts of rank sums (ΣR) were calculated, the Kruskal-Wallis test (H-test) was car-ried out, and the corresponding levels of significance (p) were recorded, for the purpose of comparing the significance of diversity between rank sums and the expert model. The sta-tistically significant difference was found between the rank sums (ΣR) of the most eficient exercises for the Lack of specific ski movement mistake correction (H = 198,19; p < 0,001). The results obtained in the two stages of the research provide valuable insights regarding the methods of short ski turns. The hierarchical classification of the most important method-ical corrective exercises obtained from ski teachers and professionals with different levels of education and expertise yields accurate and precise data about corrective methodical exercises in the process of studying short ski turn. Any further research regarding the same object should evaluate the designed expert model of the most important methodical exer-cises, as well as their hierarchical classification, across different groups of participants.
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Kawase, Yasushi, Yuko Kuroki, and Atsushi Miyauchi. "Graph Mining Meets Crowdsourcing: Extracting Experts for Answer Aggregation." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/177.

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Aggregating responses from crowd workers is a fundamental task in the process of crowdsourcing. In cases where a few experts are overwhelmed by a large number of non-experts, most answer aggregation algorithms such as the majority voting fail to identify the correct answers. Therefore, it is crucial to extract reliable experts from the crowd workers. In this study, we introduce the notion of "expert core", which is a set of workers that is very unlikely to contain a non-expert. We design a graph-mining-based efficient algorithm that exactly computes the expert core. To answer the aggregation task, we propose two types of algorithms. The first one incorporates the expert core into existing answer aggregation algorithms such as the majority voting, whereas the second one utilizes information provided by the expert core extraction algorithm pertaining to the reliability of workers. We then give a theoretical justification for the first type of algorithm. Computational experiments using synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that our proposed answer aggregation algorithms outperform state-of-the-art algorithms.
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Tian, Yun Qi, Deborah L. Thurston, and James V. Carnahan. "Incorporating End-Users’ Attitudes Towards Uncertainty Into an Expert System." In ASME 1992 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1992-0003.

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Abstract Uncertainty is a real and unavoidable part of the design process. Uncertainty in the area of manufacturing cost estimation can have a negative impact on the desirability of design alternatives, and some might be deemed “too risky” for further consideration in spite of potential benefits. Expert designers obtain a sense of what level of risk is acceptable for different types of applications. Expert systems for design thus might include a set of necessary and reasonable assumptions which reflect a particular expert’s attitude towards risk and uncertainty. These assumptions may not be applicable for all users. In this paper we present an expert system for design which explicitly addresses the individual user’s attitude towards uncertainty. We have developed a spreadsheet user-interface for assessing this attitude through a utility function, and for linking those results to a heuristic rule base. The heuristic rule base contains only technical expertise used to determine a set of feasible alternatives, while the process of evaluating and ranking these feasible alternatives is driven by the user’s individual preferences and risk-taking profile.
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Reports on the topic "Experts internationaux"

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Chakalall, Yuri, Daniela Carrera-Marquis, Franklin Espiga, Katherine Smith, Kensuke Otsuyama, and Hideharu Tanaka. International Good Practices and Lessons in Post Disaster Reconstruction in The Bahamas. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003314.

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This Brochure captures the content of the Workshop held last year August 24, 2021 on 'International Good Practices and Lessons learned in Post Disaster Reconstruction in The Bahamas' with national stakeholders participation as well as international experts. The objective of the Workshop was to share international experiences of (i) how "post-disaster public agencies" in each case study country were established; (ii) how they prepared reconstruction master plans; (iii) how they effectively implemented their post-disaster reconstruction programs.
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Hepworth, Nick. Reading Pack: Tackling the Global Water Crisis: The Role of Water Footprints and Water Stewardship. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.109.

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The K4D professional development Reading Packs provide thought-provoking introductions by international experts and highlight the emerging issues and debates within them. They aim to help inform policies that are more resilient to the future. K4D services are provided by a consortium of leading organisations working in international development, led by the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), with the Education Development Trust, Itad, University of Leeds Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), University of Birmingham International Development Department (IDD) and the University of Manchester Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute (HCRI). For any enquiries, please contact helpdesk@k4d.info
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Jones, Nicole S., Jeri D. Ropero-Miller, Heather Waltke, Danielle McLeod-Henning, Danielle Weiss, and Hannah Barcus. Proceedings of the International Forensic Radiology Research Summit May 10–11, 2016, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. RTI Press, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.cp.0005.1709.

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On May 10–11, 2016, the US Department of Justice (DOJ) National Institute of Justice (NIJ), the Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI; Dutch Ministry of Security and Justice of the Netherlands), the International Society for Forensic Radiology and Imaging (ISFRI), the International Association of Forensic Radiographers (IAFR), and NIJ’s Forensic Technology Center of Excellence (FTCoE) at RTI International organized and convened the International Forensic Radiology Research Summit (IFRRS) at the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam. The summit assembled 40 international subject matter experts in forensic radiology, to include researchers, practitioners, government employees, and professional staff from 14 countries. The goal of this 2-day summit was to identify gaps, challenges, and research needs to produce a road map to success regarding the state of forensic radiology, including formulating a plan to address the obstacles to implementation of advanced imaging technologies in medicolegal investigations. These proceedings summarize the meeting’s important exchange of technical and operational information, ideas, and solutions for the community and other stakeholders of forensic radiology.
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Berberich, Magdalena. Market development for large scale SDH/SDC systems in country reports. IEA SHC Task 55, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task55-2020-0011.

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This publication of IEA SHC Task 55 describes the market development of Solar District Heating and Cooling in seven countries. Within country report presentations during the eight taskmeetings, the market developments in the participating countries were presented and discussed in the international expert group and the information is summarized in this factsheet.
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Salama, Hana, and Emma Bjertén-Günther. Women Managing Weapons: Perspectives for Increasing Women’s Participation in Weapons and Ammunition Management. United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37559/gen.

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This report explores women’s participation in the field of weapons and ammunition management, particularly their lived experiences in WAM technical roles, such as stockpile managers, armourers, ammunition and technical experts, explosive ordnance disposal specialist. The purpose is to unpack the challenges faced by these women and identify good practices for further inclusion of women in WAM. It also provides ideas for states, international organizations and disarmament stakeholders to improve gender diversity in implementation of arms control commitments, such as the UN PoA and its relevant instruments.
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Salama, Hana, and Emma Bjertén-Günther. Women Managing Weapons: Perspectives for Increasing Women’s Participation in Weapons and Ammunition Management. United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37559/gen/2021/02.

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UNIDIR’s new study Women Managing Weapons: Perspectives for Increasing Women’s Participation in Weapons and Ammunition Management seeks to fill this gap by exploring women’s participation in the field of weapons and ammunition management, particularly their lived experiences in WAM technical roles, such as stockpile managers, armourers, ammunition and technical experts, explosive ordnance disposal specialist. The purpose is to unpack the challenges faced by these women and identify good practices for further inclusion of women in WAM. It also provides ideas for states, international organizations and disarmament stakeholders to improve gender diversity in implementation of arms control commitments, such as the UN PoA and its relevant instruments.
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Ogino, Kaoru. A Review of the Strategy for the Northeast Asia Power System Interconnection. Asian Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps200386-2.

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This paper examines, summarizes, and updates the study of a strategy for the Northeast Asia Power System Interconnection conducted by the Asian Development Bank. It presents independent reviews and assessments by various stakeholders from Japan, Mongolia, the People’s Republic of China, the Republic of Korea, and the Russian Federation together with additional analysis by experts from the private and public sectors, academe, and international research and development institutions. It also calls for further discussions, studies, and activities in the development of the vast renewable energy potential of Mongolia’s South Gobi. Specific integrated investment project approaches for solar and wind power development and two cross-border transmission links in the region are proposed.
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Ibrayeva, Galiya, Saltanat Anarbaeva, Violetta Filchenko, and Lola Olimova. Online News Consumption in Central Asia. Edited by Jazgul Ibraimova. The Representative Office of the Institute for War and Peace Reporting in Central Asia, September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46950/201902.

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This investigation is the first attempt in Central Asia to measure online news consumption. It focuses on identifying trends of online news consumption and sources of news content in the region. The publication contains the results of online survey with participation of 4,130 online news consumers, in-depth interviews with 20 experts in new media who know regional and local peculiarities of news outlets, and analysis of news accounts in social media. The research will be useful to journalism faculties, news media, researchers, and international organisations, as well as to all who are interested in development of digital media in the region. The publication is available in English, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Russian, Tajik and Uzbek languages.
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Southwell, Brian, and Vanessa Boudewyns, eds. Curbing the Spread of Misinformation: Insights, Innovations, and Interpretations from the Misinformation Solutions Forum. RTI Press, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.cp.0008.1812.

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Although many people now have access to more accumulated information than has ever been the case in human existence, we also now face a moment when the proliferation of misinformation, or false or inaccurate information, poses major challenges. In response to these challenges and to build collaboration across disciplines and expertise and a more effective community of learning and practice, the Rita Allen Foundation partnered with RTI International and the Aspen Institute along with Craig Newmark Philanthropies, Democracy Fund, and Burroughs Wellcome Fund to hold the Misinformation Solutions Forum in October 2018 at the Aspen Institute in Washington, DC. This forum brought together academic researchers, technology professionals, data scientists, journalists, educators, community leaders, funders and a set of graduate student fellows to explore promising ideas for curbing the spread of misinformation. We issued an open call for ideas to be featured in the forum that sought interventions focused on reducing behaviors that lead to the spread of misinformation or encouraging behaviors that can lead to the minimization of its influence. Interventions with technological, educational, and/or community-based components were encouraged, as were projects involving science communication, public health and diverse populations. A panel of expert judges assessed submissions through a blind review process; judges included representatives from the Rita Allen Foundation, as well as external institutions such as the Democracy Fund, the National Institutes of Health, the Poynter Institute, First Draft, and academic institutions. Authors developed the essays presented here based on both original submissions and the iterative collaboration process that ensued.
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Bolton, Laura. Criminal Activity and Deforestation in Latin America. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.003.

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This review examines evidence on criminal deforestation activity in Latin America (particularly, but not exclusively the Amazon) and draws from the literature on the lessons learned in combatting criminal deforestation activity. This review focuses on Brazil as representative of the overwhelming majority of literature on criminal activity in relation to deforestation in the Amazon. The literature notes that Illegal deforestation occurs largely through criminal networks as they have the capacity for coordination, processing, selling, and the deployment of armed men to protect operations. Bribery, corruption, and fraud are deeply ingrained in deforestation. Networks may bribe geoprocessing experts, police, and public officials. Members of the criminal groups may become council members, mayors, and state representatives. Land titles are fabricated and trading documentation fraudulent. The literature also notes some interventions to combat this criminal deforestation activity: monitoring and law enforcement; national systems for registry and monitoring; legal enforcement for compliance of environmental law; International agreements and action; and Involving indigenous communities in combatting deforestation.
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