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Ferreira, Minette. "Expat tax : will it contribute to tax evasion by South African expats working abroad?" Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80437.
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South African expats who work abroad used to enjoy a full exemption of tax on their foreign remuneration income, but the National Treasury and SARS had „expat tax‟ up their sleeves. Pravin Gordhan, the previous Minister of Finance, made their intention to review the exemption known during the 2017 Annual Budget Speech held on 22 February 2017 (National Treasury, 2017a; Pretorius, 2017). This amendment was however only promulgated on the 22nd of October 2020 and held that only R1.25 million of employment income earned abroad by a South African resident will be exempt from tax per annum, subject to certain requirements, as from the 1st of March 2020 (SARS, 2020a). This amendment limited the previous 100% exemption contained in section 10(1)(o)(ii) of the Income Tax Act No. 58 of 1962 and resulted in „expat tax‟.
Expats would undoubtedly weigh their options in counteracting the imposed expat tax, which might further increase the already worrisome tax gap in South Africa (Business Tech, 2019a; Smith, 2019). The study answered its research question of whether expat tax will contribute to tax evasion by South Africans working abroad by reaching set research objectives, as mentioned in Section 1.5, by way of a systematised review. The study found that the two most influential tax evasion factors present in South Africa, namely the perceptions of government and high tax rates as identified in a previous study conducted by the researcher (Ferreira, 2017), were also present in the reactions or expected reactions, of expats to expat tax.
Expat tax may be new to South Africa but tax evasion certainly is not. Should the expected evasion of the newly implemented expat tax in South Africa materialise, the tax gap would be placed under further strain.Mini Dissertation (MPhil (International Taxation))--University of Pretoria, 2020.
pt2021
Taxation
MPhil (International Taxation)
Unrestricted
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Motlanthe, Emelda Khataza. "A study on medicine expiry within the supply chain in Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/676.
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Thesis (Msc (Med)(Pharmacy)-- University of Limpopo, 2010.The Limpopo Province Pharmaceutical Services has been experiencing many challenges with regard to expiry of medicines. In the 2007/8 financial year, the budget for medicine and related items was exhausted by October 2007. The Pharmaceutical Services Directorate had to then motivate for more funds and at the same time had to seek approval for the disposing of lists of expired stock. This prompted the Directorate to investigate the management of expired stock within the province: Discussions held at the various Pharmacy and Therapeutic Committees indicated that the following challenges are currently experienced within institutions in the province . Overspending on allocated budgets by facilities, . Increased amount of expired stock at facility levels, . Information systems not being reliable, . Lack of facility formularies, . Lack of implementation of standard treatment guidelines by facilities and . Lack of accountability by managers with regard to procurement of medicines. The aim of this study was to identify reasons for medicines expiry in order to prevent loss of expenditure through efficient and effective management of medicines within healthcare facilities. The objectives of the study were to: . Record the value of medicines expired over the study period in the health care facilities, . Determine the reasons for medicines to expire, . Determine the financial loss due to the medicine expired, . Determine if there is a need to train health care workers on the efficient and effective management of medicines, . Identify other ways of preventing medicine expiry. A retrospective, quantitative descriptive study was conducted during the period July 2007 till June 2008. Previous records of evaluations and statistics on expired medicines of the Limpopo Province were analysed. The stock management principles were analysed to investigate the main reasons for stock expiry within the supply chain. The budget over the study period was calculated and compared to the total value of issues to various facilities. The loss of expenditure through expired stock was therefore recorded to determine the percentage loss of expenditure. The average percentage of expired stock per month was used and compared with the allowed average percentage of expired stock in the province which is 0.05% (Annexure C) . The total value of expired stock within the study period was R1 009 998.79, i.e. an average of 0.07 % per month. . The reasons for expired medicine within the province were: o Poor drug selection within facilities, o Poor procurement practices, o Lack of internal control measures, o Frequent stock shortages from manufactures hence bulk stocking by managers, o Lack of training in drug supply management, o Lack or inadequate supervision and monitoring of drug management systems, o Centralised budget and lack of accountability for overspending by managers. . The total value of overspending by facilities is at R149 962 821.53 on an annual basis. . The possible ways of preventing medicine expiry include: o Improving inventory management, o Entrenching good procurement practices within facilities, o Instilling accountability for funds on officials responsible for procurement of medicines, o Supervision and monitoring of drug supply management. o Strengthening the enforcement and monitoring roles of the Pharmaceutical Depot Manager - Regulatory Affairs and Quality. To conclude, expiry of medicines is a challenge within the Limpopo Province and the overall stock management principles need to be improved. The following aspect should be taken into consideration. . Effective management will make a vital difference in all aspects of drug supply. It is especially true with respect to procurement and distribution of essential drugs. . Wise drug selection underlines all other improvements in the supply chain management. The establishment institutional formulary is perhaps the most cost effective action that any health care system or health care provider can take to promote regular supply and rational use of medicines . The strengthening of the therapeutic drug committees. Such committees must monitor progress within the province with regard to drug supply management. . The responsibility of procuring should be given to those who are trained. The responsible person should adhere to the policies and procedures from the Department of Health for procurement. . There should be a system in place that is aimed at ensuring that there is accountability of pharmacy managers at various facilities. This will bring about responsibility and better medicine supply management skills within the pharmaceutical directorate. . The province should be able to cope up with a system which can be able to capture reliable information and maintains quality information. The system should be linked to a provincial office which will be able to monitor on a continuous basis the information from different facilities. The systems would be able to provide early warning signs such as possible expiry of medicines, overstocking, and unnecessary overspending of the budget, irrational drug usage, at any facility and be able to correct discrepancies on time.
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Appelt, Silvia. "Entry and Competition in the Pharmaceutical Market following Patent Expiry." Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-131082.
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Navratilova, Hana. "Good Times in Buenos Aires : Being an "Expat" in the City of Foreigners." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Socialantropologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-115628.
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The following discussion concerns the emergence of and interrelations between the concepts of expatriation, migration, and “othering” in present Buenos Aires. The arguments rest on my fieldwork in Argentina, as well as other studies from around the world. The research on expatriates is usually based in Asia or the UAE, and the region of Latin America is still quite understudied in this respect. Buenos Aires as the “city offoreigners” represents an anthropologically interesting fieldsite. Next to the mostly quantitative research on expatriates, anthropology can give us a better understanding of their practices and experiences. Furthermore, it challenges our ideas of these concepts weuse to describe different groups of people (e. g. expatriate, immigrant), and allows us tounderstand how they are socially constructed. Hence, my study offers a new view on expatriation in a broader context of post-colonialism and current trends in globalization.The city's historical context must be considered as well in order to understand the complexities of terms such as foreigner or immigrant.
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Bales, Walter. "Asymptotic approximation of the free boundary for the American put near expiry." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Björklund, Pettersson Linn. "It’s a little bit like drawing the lottery : A study of American and British expats’ educational strategies in Berlin." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-377603.
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This study examines American and British middle class expats’ educational strategies in Berlin, Germany, from a Bourdieusian perspective. I argue that globalization and an increased mover population make it necessary to study the expat population, a social group that has been largely neglected in sociological research. The study explores the elementary school choices expats make for their children in the host country and how their educational strategies relate to the expats’ inherited and acquired cultural capital. Information was gathered through the statements of six American and British interviewees, interviews which were conducted in fall 2018. The interviewees were asked questions about their elementary school choices, their educational priorities, pastime activities and their own upbringings. The educational strategies were similar to those of specific middle class groups that, according to previous research, are characterized by high cultural capital. The interviewees in this study did however prove to be more idealistic than those specific middle class groups, and they made adjustments to their educational strategies to cater for their expatriatism. The prevalence and importance of liberal values had been passed on to the interviewees by their parents. In terms of choosing schools for their children they valued individuality, independence and cultural diversity. They also valued cosmopolitanism. The interviewed expats did not necessarily see themselves as bound to one country or nationality and they wanted the same perceived freedom for their children. They primarily chose local public schools for their children in attempts to acquire cultural capital, to ensure that their children integrated culturally and developed a fluency in German. Local public schools was the natural choice for expats with German partners, while expats with expat partners often found it difficult to decide against private international schools due to their struggles with cultural integration.
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Outrata, Matouš. "Avid Xpress pro začínající pokročilé experty." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze. Filmová a televizní fakulta AMU. Knihovna, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-78779.
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The graduation theses is intended as a tool for an easier orientation and use of the Avid Express non-linear editing system and use of this system in cooperation with film laboratories and sound post production. It leads the used through procedures which cause most complications during the post production process. It also tries to help the user un the editing period. It sresses an exact and useful adjustment of user defaults to achieve easier work process in the Avid non-linear system. It is not a text book which leads the novice step-by-step. It is an upgrade to common knowledge and skills.
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Andersson, Kristina. "Expats´ in Zürich : A qualitative study of expats´ reasons and choices regarding integration, education and social grounds." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-387528.
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This study examines expats and their families in the canton of Zürich, Switzerland. Their reasons and choices regarding integrating (or not) into the Swiss society, educational strategies for their children and possessed capital assets upon arrival in Switzerland is the three problem statements being explored. Pierre Bourdieu’s´ sociology is the theoretical framework for this study – the concept of different types of capital and educational strategies are especially important in this regard. Interviews with female expats whose children attend the Inter-Community School Zürich (ICSZ) were conducted and the stated purpose of the study was obtained. This study concludes that these expat families choose the international grounds rather than the local, due to language barriers. The language makes it hard for both themselves and their children to integrate and/or feel part of the Swiss community and society. The expats are integrated into the international ´expat-bubble´ rather than the Swiss society or community, and the reason is due to the lack of time spent with the local people, not mastering the language and/or not being interested enough to make the effort to integrate. This specific group of expats can be seen as an ´international elite- group´, based on their assets of capital, their cosmopolitan lifestyle and international social grounds. These expats value their capitals highly but is not stating that one specific capital is more needed than another; all their assets are of worth and they do not consciously use a specific capital for their integration.
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Roper, Michael Paul Veran Mathematics & Statistics Faculty of Science UNSW. "Implied volatility: general properties and asymptotics." Awarded By:University of New South Wales. Mathematics & Statistics, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44519.
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This thesis investigates implied volatility in general classes of stock price models. To begin with, we take a very general view. We find that implied volatility is always, everywhere, and for every expiry well-defined only if the stock price is a non-negative martingale. We also derive sufficient and close to necessary conditions for an implied volatility surface to be free from static arbitrage. In this context, free from static arbitrage means that the call price surface generated by the implied volatility surface is free from static arbitrage. We also investigate the small time to expiry behaviour of implied volatility. We do this in almost complete generality, assuming only that the call price surface is non-decreasing and right continuous in time to expiry and that the call surface satisfies the no-arbitrage bounds (S-K)+≤ C(K, τ)≤ S. We used S to denote the current stock price, K to be a option strike price, τ denotes time to expiry, and C(K, τ) the price of the K strike option expiring in τ time units. Under these weak assumptions, we obtain exact asymptotic formulae relating the call price surface and the implied volatility surface close to expiry. We apply our general asymptotic formulae to determining the small time to expiry behaviour of implied volatility in a variety of models. We consider exponential L??vy models, obtaining new and somewhat surprising results. We then investigate the behaviour close to expiry of stochastic volatility models in the at-the-money case. Our results generalise what is already known and by a novel method of proof. In the not at-the-money case, we consider local volatility models using classical results of Varadhan. In obtaining the asymptotics for local volatility models, we use a representation of the European call as an integral over time to expiry. We devote an entire chapter to representations of the European call option; a key role is played by local time and the argument of Klebaner. A novel alternative that is especially useful in the local volatility case is also presented.
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Oprava, David E. "Once America : 50 expats, 50 interviews, 50 poems." Thesis, Swansea University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678534.
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Bredmar, Jenny, and Therese Savmyr. "De jämställda expatsen : en analys av indiska medarbetares attityder och beteenden mot sina svenska kollegor." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22129.
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Syfte: Studiens övergripande syfte var att bygga vidare på tidigare forskning genom att undersöka och studera hur indiska värdlandsmedborgarna (dvs. Host Country Nationals (HCN)) ser på svenska manliga och kvinnliga expats och hur deras uppfattningar påverkar utgruppskategorisering. Detta gjordes genom att testa Varma et al. (2011) modell för självkategorisering och om den var tillämplig även under andra kulturella betingelser än de som redan ingår i deras modell. Metod: Data inhämtades från 145 respondenter från två svenska multinationella organisationer (dvs. Multinational Enterprises (MNE)) belägna i södra Indien. Respondenterna svarade på en enkät som hade antingen en manlig eller kvinnlig profil, där de fick besvara påståenden om hur de skulle uppfatta expats och i vilken utsträckning de skulle vara villiga att ge den hypotetiska expat rollinformation och socialt stöd. Enkäten var utformad av Professor Varma och distribuerades till företag 1 som en webb-enkät och till företag 2 delade vi personligen ut enkäterna i Bangalore. Vi fick även möjligheten att samtala med expats på plats vilket gjordes för att få en djupare förståelse för våra resultat. Resultat och slutsats: Som förutspåddes var kollektivism, etnocentrism, anpassning och lika värderingar negativt relaterade till utgruppskategorisering. Vidare var utgruppskategorisering negativt relaterat till socialt stöd och rollinformation. Däremot fann vi ett intressant fynd där indiska HCN inte skiljer mellan könen när det kommer till deras uppfattningar och utgruppskategorisering av expats. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Forskning bör undersöka hur HCN uppfattar sina indiska kvinnliga medarbetare jämfört med svenska kvinnliga medarbetare. För att vidare utforska om nationalitet går före kön i Indien. Vidare anser vi att fler kvalitativa studier bör göras kring HCN för att ta reda på om det finns ytterligare variabler som är med och påverkar HCNs kategorisering av expats. Uppsatsens bidrag: Denna studie utvidgar den befintliga litteraturen kring kvinnliga expats samt hittat en ny variabel, anpassning, som är med och förklarar utgruppskategoriseringen.Purpose: This study's overall aim is to build on recent research, by examining and investigate the Indian host country nationals (HCN) perception on Swedish male and female expats and how their beliefs affects outgroup categorization. This is done by testing Varma et al. (2011) model for self -categorization and if it is applicable in other cultural condition than those already included in their model Method: Data were collected from 145 respondents from two Swedish Multinational Enterprises (MNE) located in Southern India. Respondents answered a questionnaire that had either a male or female profile, where they had to answer assertion about how they would perceive the expat and to what extent they would be willing to give the hypothetical expat role information and social support. The questionnaire was designed by Professor Varma and was distributed to company 1 through a web survey and was handed out in person to company 2 in Bangalore. We also had the opportunity to talk with the expats in Bangalore which was done to get a deeper understanding of our results. Results and Conclusion: As we predicted collectivism, ethnocentrism, adjustment and similar values was negatively related to outgroup categorization. Furthermore, the outgroup categorization was negatively related to social support and role information. However, an interesting finding where that Indian HCN does not distinguish between the sexes when it comes to their perceptions and outgroup categorization of expats. Suggestions for future research: Research should examine how HCN perceive their Indian female employees compared with Swedish female employees. To further explore if the nationality comes before gender in India. Furthermore, we believe that more qualitative studies should be done about the HCN to find out if there are additional variables that influence HCNs categorization of expats. Orginality/value: This study extends the existing literature on female expats and we found a new variable, adjustment, which influence the outgroup categorization.
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Cunha, Fabio C. "The WTO Legal Regime for the Actionability of Agricultural Subsidies after the Expiry of the Peace Clause." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22673.
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Because of the Agreement on Agriculture’s (AoA) Article 13, dubbed the “Peace Clause,” the challengeability of agricultural subsidies has been limited; Article 13 had the power to prevent several types of legal challenges. The Peace Clause has expired, and now many agricultural subsidies can be challenged under substantive provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT 1994) and the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Agreement). However, there has been some uncertainty, because the new arrangement of agricultural subsidies’ challengeability is being defined by the interpretation and correlation of three different WTO agreements. This study verified, using a two-pronged method, that there is no conflict among the GATT 1994, the SCM Agreement and the AoA, and for this reason, they have to be applied together to regulate agricultural subsidies. This does not mean that all SCM Agreement provisions are automatically applied to agricultural subsidies, with a consequent free ride for challenges to agricultural subsidies. A successful challenge still has to overcome the SCM Agreement’s higher thresholds for challengeability compared with those of the GATT 1994 period. This condemnation became more difficult after the implementation of the WTO. Consequently, the goals established in the AoA of substantial and progressive reductions in agricultural support and protection still have to be accomplished.
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Weisberg, Jennifer. "So you want to be an expat." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2009. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1464464.
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Söderström, David. "Expitaxy, analysis and application of semi-insulating III-V materials /." Stockholm, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3096.
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Kingston, John G. R. "The development and modification of flaws in silicate glasses." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324542.
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Choi, Young Kuk Salvia Michelle. "Réalisation et caractérisation de composites hybrides verre/expoxy/Ni-Ti adaptatifs." (S.l.) : (s.n.), 2002. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/ychoi.pdf.
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Choi, Young Kuk. "Réalisation et caractérisation de composites hybrides verre/expoxy/Ni-Ti adaptatifs." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2002. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/ychoi.pdf.
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L'@évolution des composites à matrice organique et renfort fibreux vers des matériaux actifs peut être réalisée par l'introduction d'alliage à mémoire de forme. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous avons réalisé un matériau "adaptable" élaboré à partir d'un composite à matrice époxyde renforcée par des fibres de verre par insertion de fil de Ni-Ti. La méthode de la poutre encastrée libre a été utilisée pour évaluer l'effet d'activation. Les résultats obtenus montrent que le maximum de flexion est atteint lorsque les fils sont maintenus sous contrainte pendant la cuisson avec la création d'un effet mémoire de forme double sens. Enfin, le modèle de Liang & Rogers a permis d'approcher le comportement du composite hybride et a mis en évidence l'effet de la vitesse de transformation sur les contraintes de déformation du matériau global. Cet effet de la vitesse est propablement lié à un phénomène de relaxation de contrainte au niveau du fil de l'interface composite alliageGrowing attention has been given in the last years to the development of smart materials. It is relatively easy, taking in account their processing techniques, to embed in composite materials actuators at a mesoscopic scale. SMA are particularly fitted as actuators because they can be easily drawn into thin wires and incorporated in composite. To test the influence of the materials and processing conditions on the actuation properties of adaptive hybrid composites asymmetric composite systems based on a glass epoxy laminate with embedded wires of a shape memory Ti-Ni-Cu alloy were processed. The SMA wire were incorporated as far as possible away from the neutral plan. These asymmectric hybrid laminate beams were tested in clamp-free conditions. Describing the macroscopic behaviour in the frame of the classical constitutive modelling and using metallurgical parameters defined from a Clausius-Clapeyron diagram, a description of the temperature-deflection curves can be obtained
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Zilker, Markus [Verfasser], and Ulrike [Gutachter] Holzgrabe. "The stability of finished pharmaceutical products and drug substances beyond their labeled expiry dates / Markus Zilker ; Gutachter: Ulrike Holzgrabe." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1187140406/34.
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Seeley, Elizabeth J. "Pharmaceutical competition within molecule markets post-patent expiry : evidence from the USA, the UK, Germany and France 2000-2005." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2009. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2367/.
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In the interest of understanding the nature and degree of competition within off-patent molecule markets and improving purchasing efficiency, this thesis uses IMS Health data to analyse dimensions of competition within the off-patent omeprazole and paroxetine molecule markets in the USA, UK, France and Germany during the 2000q-2005ql period. The main theoretical findings include: Regulation in homogeneous markets may inhibit generic price competition. Generic manufacturers may also product differentiate, resulting in a Bertrand-like model of "softened" price competition. Other forms of product differentiation in off-patent molecule markets may include strength segments and the OTC market. The main empirical findings include: Generic price competition appears stronger in the USA and the UK than in Germany and France, although it is imperfect in all four countries. The USA and the UK achieve some of the lowest generic prices, while the UK is the most effective at actually purchasing its lowest prices. Generic penetration appears weak in less common strength segments, allowing original brand manufacturers' the opportunity to retain relatively large market shares. This results in higher purchased prices and, hence, significant purchasing inefficiencies. There appears to be competition between over-the-counter and prescription omeprazole in the USA, but not in the UK. OTC prices are relatively low in the US, offering the opportunity for cost savings. In the UK, patients may face a financial disincentive to purchase OTC omeprazole, possibly masking the opportunity for improved self-care. Certain countries may want to re-evaluate their generic reimbursement schemes in the interest of more price competitive markets and increased purchasing efficiency. Countries could also benefit from encouraging generic entry in less common strength markets. Finally, in approving an OTC switch, regulators should ensure that demand-side financial incentives are consistent with the goals of achieving cost containment and/or facilitating increased patient self-care.
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Kharrat, Mohamed. "Caractérisation micro-mécanique de l'interface fibre/matrice dans des composites verre/expoxy." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECDL0049.
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Dans le cadre de ce travail nous avons mene une etude micro-mecanique des proprietes de l'interface fibre/matrice dans des composites unidirectionnels verre/epoxy differant par le traitement d'ensimage de la fibre. Les proprietes de resistance de l'interface ont ete mesurees a l'aide du test de microindentation. Un traitement specifique des courbes charge/decharge a permis d'introduire la courbe d'indentation reduite donnant l'evolution de la charge d'indentation en fonction du deplacement de la surface de la fibre. La modelisation de cette courbe permet de remonter a une resistance interfaciale en cisaillement prenant en compte l'environnement local de la fibre. Les resultats obtenus ont ete relies aux proprietes thermo-mecaniques des ensimages. Nous nous sommes egalement interesses a l'etude du comportement tribologique de l'interface fibre/matrice mis en jeu dans les zones de decohesion suite a des solliciations cycliques. Ceci a ete possible a l'aide d'un dispositif experimental, que nous avons developpe, permettant de faire un effet loupe sur l'interface fibre/matrice en travaillant sur un massif de verre en contact avec un massif d'epoxy sous sollicitation tangentielle en petits debattements. Trois regimes de frottement par petits debattements relies a l'evolution des conditions de sollicitation au cours de l'essai ont ete identifies. L'analyse de ces regimes montre une augmentation du coefficient de frottement avec le nombre de cycles notamment du a des modifications microstructurales dans les couches superficielles d'epoxy. La visualisation in-situ du l'aire de contact, a travers l'echantillon de verre, a permis de degager les mecanismes d'endommagement. Dans le cas d'une interface verre nu/epoxy, la degradation du contact s'effectue majoritairement par fissuration de l'epoxy. La presence d'une interphase, suite au traitement d'ensimage du verre, favorise la formation d'un troisieme corps dont la nature et le comportement sont relies aux proprietes physico-chimiques de l'interphase. Les evolutions notees lors de l'essai de frottement par petits debattements presentent des analogies directes avec les resultats de l'essai de microindentation cyclique
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Large-Toumi, Béatrice. "Etude du comportement en fatigue de composites carbone/expoxy : Rôle de l'interface." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ECDL0016.
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Ce travail porte sur l'etude du role de l'interface fibre/matrice dans le comportement en fatigue de composites ud carbone/epoxy. Nous disposons d'un materiau de reference (t300/dgeba/ddm) et nous faisons varier la nature de l'ensimage, le traitement d'oxydation de la fibre et le degre de reticulation de la matrice. L'essai de flexion trois points mettant en jeu des phenomenes indesirables de ruptures en compression, une sollicitation de flexion par flambement a ete preferee. Apres mise au point et validation, cet essai a permis une veritable caracterisation en flexion. Nous avons montre que nos materiaux sont peu sensibles a la vitesse de mise en charge. L'etude du comportement cyclique a ete abordee en distinguant les aspects: rupture brutale et durabilite. Nous avons montre que les comportements monotone et cyclique sont tous deux sensibles a l'influence de l'interface. En particulier, l'absence de traitement d'oxydation augmente les caracteristiques a rupture tout en ayant une influence limitee sur la tenue en fatigue propre. Une legere sous-reticulation de la matrice a permis d'ameliorer la tenue en fatigue mais en penalisant le comportement a rupture. Afin d'obtenir une evaluation plus directe des proprietes interfaciales, une caracterisation micromecanique a ete entreprise en utilisant les tests de microindentation et de la goutte. La modelisation mecanique de ces deux tests a ete abordee en proposant un modele plus specifique au comportement des frp, pour la microindentation, plus adapte aux conditions particulieres d'essai, pour le test de la goutte. L'essai de microindentation s'est revele difficile a mettre en uvre sur cfrp (il est bien adapte aux gfrp). Le test de la goutte, quant a lui, est tres bien adapte. Les resultats obtenus ont tous mis en evidence la bonne adhesion des systemes etudies. L'ensimage specifique epoxy augmente fortement la resistance de l'interface ; l'absence de traitement d'oxydation conduit a une interface legerement moins resistante. En synthese, nous concluons que, suivant la resistance interfaciale, le point faible du materiau est soit l'interface soit la matrice. De plus, l'analyse des proprietes monotone et cyclique montre que l'interface optimale n'existe pas en soi: elle est fonction, outre des proprietes du couple fibre/matrice, de la performance etudiee
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Matoušková, Martina. "Ocenění bytu zatíženého služebností." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233114.
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This assignment concentrates on the problematics of encumbrance. It is about the flat ministry encumbrance in a family house. The job is split into two parts, written and suggested. The written part analyses general notions which are found in the pricing of the property’s belongings. Next, there are stated methods to pricing the property’s belongings. The next chapters are dealing with the legislation of eternal encumbrance, the procedures and the ways of their pricing. The second part, suggested, contains the pricing itself. The property’s belonging is priced in two methods. One of the methods to pricing is value regulations; the second method prices by the regular value. First, the whole family house is priced with all its’ accessories, on the principal of half basis ownership and the given area of the flats, we can consider the value of the priced flat at the same value as half of a family house. Next, the encumbrance itself is priced. The age of the authorised is considered in one group of 30 years and the second group of 80 years. The following step is deducting the value of the eternal encumbrance. From these given final results, we state the chosen price of the flat including taxing purposes. At the conclusion of the done job, evaluation and recommendation is done for pricing similar cases.
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Zhou, Zhenhao. "From valuing equity-linked death benefits to pricing American options." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5690.
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Motivated by the Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefits (GMDB) in variable annuities, we are interested in valuing equity-linked options whose expiry date is the time of the death of the policyholder. Because the time-until-death distribution can be approximated by linear combinations of exponential distributions or mixtures of Erlang distributions, the analysis can be reduced to the case where the time-until-death distribution is exponential or Erlang.
We present two probability methods to price American options with an exponential expiry date. Both methods give the same results. An American option with Erlang expiry date can be seen as an extension of the exponential expiry date case. We calculate its price as the sum of the price of the corresponding European option and the early exercise premium. Because the optimal exercise boundary takes the form of a staircase, the pricing formula is a triple sum. We determine the optimal exercise boundary recursively by imposing the “smooth pasting” condition. The examples of the put option, the exchange option, and the maximum option are provided to illustrate how the methods work.
Another issue related to variable annuities is the surrender behavior of the policyholders. To model this behavior, we suggest using barrier options. We generalize the reflection principle and use it to derive explicit formulas for outside barrier options, double barrier options with constant barriers, and double barrier options with time varying exponential barriers.
Finally, we provide a method to approximate the distribution of the time-until-death random variable by combinations of exponential distributions or mixtures of Erlang distributions. Compared to directly fitting the distributions, my method has two advantages: 1) It is more robust to the initial guess. 2) It is more likely to obtain the global minimizer.
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Ghazzaoui, Piña Ramsis. "Expiry as a Form of Extinction of Demanial Concessions and the Guarantees of the Concessionaire: The Case of the Mining Concessions." Derecho & Sociedad, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118451.
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In the present article, the autor seeks to explain us the juridical nature of mining concession, thus by explaining the concessional technique and the juridical effects that come along with it. For this purpose, a doctrinaire and legal analysis of mining concession and the legal institution is done.En el presente artículo el autor busca explicar la naturaleza jurídica de la concesión minera, a través de la explicación de la técnica concesional y los efectos jurídicos que derivan de esta. Para ello, se hace un repaso doctrinario y normativo de la concesión minera y las instituciones jurídicas relacionadas.
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Ceysson, Olivier. "Caractérisation du comportement en fluage de matériaux composites carbonne/expoxy : Etude de l'endommagement." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECDL0028.
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Les materiaux composites de type fibres longues de carbone/matrice polymere (cfrp) possedent d'excellentes caracteristiques mecaniques specifiques (rapport performance/poids) qui ont conduit, ces dernieres annees, a leur utilisation dans un nombre croissant de structures travaillantes, notamment pour des applications aeronautiques. Cependant, si generalement, l'industrie considere ces composites comme potentiellement interessants, la meconnaissance de leur durabilite rend leur emploi souvent limite. En effet, la conception de structures composites necessite le plus souvent la prise en compte du comportement a long terme sous divers types de sollicitations generes simultanement par les chargements mecaniques et l'environnement. Ce travail de these est base, d'une part, sur le developpement d'un moyen experimental de carcterisation en fluage, et, d'autre part, sur la mise au point d'une methodologie permettant la caracterisation et la modelisation du comportement a long terme sous charge constante de structures composites soumises aux effets du vieillissement (temperature et humidite). Les materiaux composites etudies etant complexes (matrice polyepoxyde modifiee par un tp), une attention toute particuliere est accordee a leur microstructure (etat de reticulation et morphologie). Des relations microstructures-proprietes ont ainsi pu etre etablies. Des tests de caracterisation hygro-thermo-mecanique des materiaux ont ete conduits. Ces essais permettent notamment de preciser les temperatures caracteristiques de nos cfrp, d'etudier l'effet de l'eau sur leurs proprietes thermo-mecaniques et de determiner leurs proprietes mecaniques a rupture pour les diverses conditions environnementales (temperature et humidite). Ces dernieres permettent, entre autre, de fixer le niveau de contrainte a appliquer lors des essais de fluage. Puis, une approche qualitative du comportement en fluage a permis de mettre en evidence les principaux parametres influencant la tenue a long terme des cfrp. Parallelement, nous avons etudies les divers mecanismes de degradation qui conduisent a la ruine du materiau. Cette etude a ete effectuee a differentes echelles, grace a l'utilisation de nombreuses techniques experimentales complementaires : a l'echelle macromoleculaire, grace a l'utilisation de la spectrometrie mecanique, et de l'echelle microscopique a macroscopique, le suivi in-situ de l'endommagement (au sens de creation du surface) a ete realise par emission acoustique et par une technique nouvelle, developpee au cours de cette etude, basee sur des mesures de proprietes electriques. Dans la derniere partie, une approche quantitative a permis une modelisation phenomenoloqique et ainsi une prevision du comportement a long terme sous charge constante des cfrp.
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Vauthier, Emmanuelle. "Durabilité et vieillissement hygrothermique de composites verre-expoxy soumis à des sollicitations de fatigue." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECDL0043.
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Les interactions entre le vieillissement hygrothermique et la fatigue en flexion de composites unidirectionnels verre e/epoxy (dgeba-dda) sont abordees sous deux approches complementaires: une analyse physico-chimique des mecanismes de sorption d'eau, afin de preciser un protocole de vieillissement accelere representatif des conditions de vieillissement naturelles, une analyse des mecanismes d'endommagement en fatigue dynamique, effectuee soit sur les materiaux vierges sollicites dans diverses conditions d'hygrometrie et de temperature, soit sur les materiaux prealablement satures en humidite, puis fatigues a temperature ambiante. Dans le premier cas, il s'agit d'etudier les interactions locales entre la diffusion d'humidite en front de fissure et les processus de propagation de l'endommagement. Dans le deuxieme cas, il s'agit d'apprecier les effets lies a la creation hygrothermique d'un endommagement par diffusion d'eau au sein du materiau. Les resultats sont interpretes en considerant d'une part les pertes de tenue thermomecanique de la matrice plastifiee par l'eau, et d'autre part, la diminution des caracteristiques a rupture des fibres de verre due a leur foret hydrophilie. Au moyen d'une observation microscopique in-situ des faces en traction des eprouvettes, nous nous sommes attaches a identifier la contribution des pertes de proprietes du renfort a la diminution globale des durees de vie en fatigue apres vieillissement. Ces aspects sont importants a considerer, car les cartographies des fibres rompues, realisees apres sollicitation dynamique, montrent clairement que l'apparition d'une fissuration macroscopique resulte d'une accumulation de ces premiers defauts. Les diminutions des durees de vie en fatigue, relevees a temperature ambiante, sont les plus notables dans le cas du vieillissement en immersion par rapport au vieillissement en humidite relative (naturel ou accelere). La severite du vieillissement en immersion peut etre reliee a la lixiviation d'une fraction residuelle du durcisseur dda hydrosolubl, dont l'hydrolyse conduit effectivement a la creation d'un environnement basique (ph = 9-10) fortement prejudiciable a la tenue mecanique des fibres de verre. Cette etude permet donc d'identifier la contribution specifique des fibres de verre aux pertes de proprietes globales observees en fatigue apres vieillissement
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Lima, Sofia Moreira de. "Expira, inspira : produção cinematográfica de um documentário sobre a natação adaptada da Feira Viva." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14781.
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Mestrado em Comunicação MultimédiaNo presente estudo é abordada e analisada a produção cinematográfica, tendo como base a elaboração de um documentário cujo tema central é a natação adaptada, promovida pela empresa municipal Feira Viva Cultura e Desporto. A Feira Viva, como já referido, é uma empresa municipal, apoiada pela Câmara Municipal de Santa Maria da Feira e, cuja principal função é organizar e promover eventos de cariz cultural, social e desportivo no município. Sendo o ponto fulcral deste trabalho a natação adaptada, é importante referir que foi criada em 2007 e tem vindo a evoluir, contando atualmente com cerca de 50 atletas. Muitas vezes os eventos são olvidados visto que a Feira Viva é responsável por infindas atividades anuais, não alcançando a cobertura audiovisual integral de todos eles. Assim, de forma a colmatar esse problema, foi realizado um produto audiovisual, posteriormente divulgado numa plataforma online, onde é contada a história do projeto da natação adaptada e de que forma tem vindo a influenciar a vida e carreira de Ivo Rocha, campeão nacional de natação adaptada. Ao longo do corpus teórico será apresentada uma descrição da evolução histórica e das técnicas cinematográficas adotadas no género documental, bem como todo o processo de pré-produção, produção e pós-produção que esteve envolvido na criação deste produto audiovisual.
In this present study is described and analyzed the production of audiovisual content, with the aim of creation a documentary whose central theme is adapted swimming, promoted by the municipal company Feira Viva Cultura e Desporto. Feira Viva is a municipal company, supported by the Municipality of Santa Maria da Feira and whose main function is to organize and promote cultural, social and sport events in the municipality. The swim adapted project focused on documentary, was created in 2007 and has been evolving since then, currently with approximately of 50 athletes. Many times the activities and events held around this project, are involuntarily forgotten, as the Feira Viva is responsible for numerous annual activities being impossible to perform full audiovisual coverage of all of them. So, in order to help dilute this issue, was produced a documentary where is told the story of the project adapted swimming and that way has been to influence the life and career of Ivo Rocha, national swimming champion. Along the theoretical corpus will be presented with a description of the historical evolution and the cinematic techniques adopted in the documentary genre, as well as the entire process of pre-production, production and post-production that was involved in the creation of this audiovisual product.
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Van, Gossum André. "Evaluation de la peroxydation lipidique chez l'homme par la mesure du n-pentane expire." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213086.
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GOUILLOUD, SYLVIE. "Influence du statut methanoproducteur dans la methodologie des tests respiratoires a l'hydrogene en gastro-enterologie." Nantes, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NANT142M.
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Jashari, Hadjere, and Mirnesa Omerovic. ""Vill du ha mitt utförsäkrade liv?" : en studie om människors upplevelser efter att de utförsäkrats." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-8568.
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The purpose of this thesis is to find out the reasons and perhaps some answers to the problem as we see it, the sickness benefit expiration of those who experience this. By this said we have also taken into account the different laws and adjustments in the long-term sickness benefit, but also major reformation of the security net in the Swedish society. The efficiency of the law on passive long-term sickness absence was added in July 2008, but was later in January 2010 supplemented. The purpose of this law wasn’t only to reduce the long-term sickness absence but also to reduce exclusion. These changes had also been highlighted by the media that people were actually being excluded from the society. It creates marginalization. The aim of this study is to highlight individuals' feelings about the whole performing hedge process. The survey was conducted through semi-structured interviews where we wanted a deeper knowledge of the interviewee’s experiences. In order to give the interviewee the opportunity and possibility to form their own mind and own reflections and express their own thoughts, the questions were open for answers. This allowed us to ask supplementary questions. After collecting the empirical data we did a breakdown in the following three themes: the experiences of the sickness absence, the experiences by the response of the concerned authorities. The theories chosen in this study are stigma, social exclusion, sense of coherence (SOC) and sick role. The economic exclusion creates social exclusion where as the sense of shame among the interviewee’s increase. By this said, the interviewee’s are not able to participate actively in the social activities to the same extent, but also they cannot provide for themselves. This can obviously lead to increased risk for mental illness. In our analysis we aim to discuss our issues based on the experiences for the interviewees’.
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Forner, Martin, and David Larsson. "Repatriation in an ever changing world : How expats perceive that repatriation processes can be improved." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-387394.
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In an increasingly more globalized world the international competition is fierce. Today, working across borders is a new normality. It calls for greater demand to send employees abroad on international assignments. Therefore, employers need to address implications that come along with this increasing demand. One of the main implications is the issue to retain employers after return from international assignments since many of them tend to resign. Research about this issue has been conducted. However, this research has primarily taken an employer standpoint and thereby employees have been overlooked. This thesis presents both (1) an employee point of view of the repatriation process as well as (2) a more updated and comprehensive take on the entire repatriation process as a three step process beginning already prior departure. The paper concludes that high turnover rate after return remains a major problem among expats. Lastly,a final model is suggested to facilitate the transition and decrease this high turnover rate. By applying this approach on the repatriation process, companies could hopefully benefit in terms of decreased turnover cost as well as more satisfied employees.
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Al-Brithen, Hamad Abdulaziz. "Scanning tunneling microscopy investigation of rock-salt and zinc-blende nitrides grown by molecular beam expitaxy." Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1107274641.
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usman, Maliha. "Role of media in mother tongue learning of young children in expat families." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-37589.
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Foix, Tajuelo David. "Hyperbranched polymers and other highly branched topologies in the modification of thermally and uv cured expoxy resins." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/52795.
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RESUM
Les reïnes epoxi constitueixen un dels polímers més emprats en el món de la industria, si bé presenten una sèrie d’inconvenients, els més importants dels quals són: la seva inherent fragilitat, la seva excessiva resistència tèrmica que en dificulta l’eliminació d’un substrat un cop finalitzada la seva vida útil i l’encongiment que experimenten durant el procés de curat. Per tal de reduir o eliminar aquests problemes aquesta tesi proposa l’ús de polímers hiperramificats així com polímers estrella i copolímers lineal-hiperramificat de bloc com a modificants químics de reïnes comercials. Amb aquesta estratègia s’han aconseguit millorar la tenacitat degut a efectes flexibilitzants o a separacions de fase del modificant en la matriu epoxídica, així com reduir l’encongiment en el curat o la degradabilitat de les reïnes, sense afectar altres propietats de la reïna com la seva Tg o la seva duresa.ABSTRACT Epoxy resins are one of the most used polymers in the field of technological applications. However, they present some drawbacks being the most important the following: they are inherently brittle materials; they present excessive thermal resistance that limits their reworkability; and the shrinkage they experiment during curing. To overcome these problems this thesis proposes the use of hyperbranched polymers, as well as star polymers and lineal-hyperbranched block copolymers as chemical modifiers of commercially available epoxy resins. With this strategy tougher materials have been obtained due to either a flexibilizing effect or a phase separation of the modifier within the epoxy matrix. Moreover, the shrinkage on curing and the degradability of the thermosets have been improved without compromising other properties of the resin such as its Tg or its hardness.
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Zegdi, Rachid. "Intérêts de la mesure de No et du Co expiré dans l'Acute Lung Injury : après circulation extracorporelle." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA11T003.
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Cosquer, Claire. "Expat' à Abu Dhabi : blanchité et construction du groupe national chez les migrant.e.s français.es." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0040.
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Fondée sur une ethnographie combinant observation et entretiens, cette thèse analyse les expériences migratoires des résident·e·s français·es à Abu Dhabi. Nuançant le portrait d’« expatrié·e·s » fréquemment présenté·e·s comme hypermobiles, elle montre qu’elles et ils empruntent en fait des routes migratoires balisées. Ces routes sont notamment dessinées par la rencontre entre politiques émiriennes et État français transnational, dans un contexte de concurrences postcoloniales qui se traduisent par des stratégies de distanciation vis-à-vis du colonialisme britannique et de l’impérialisme étasunien. La construction du groupe national, encadrée par des institutions migratoires, se déploie dans la délimitation de frontières associant francité et blanchité, au travers des interactions tant avec les nationales et nationaux émirien·ne·s qu’avec d’autres groupes migrants. Si le rapport à la population majoritaire sud-asiatique est marqué par une mise à distance, toutefois perturbée par la fréquence de l’emploi domestique à demeure, le rapport aux citoyen·ne·s émirien·ne·s engage un trouble singulier dans l’ordre postcolonial. Les résident·e·s français·es font ainsi l’expérience d’une vulnérabilité limitée, mais anxiogène, vis-à-vis d’Émirien·ne·s perçu·e·s comme omnipotent·e·s. En cela, les migrations françaises à Abu Dhabi se révèlent le lieu d’une déstabilisation autant que d’une solidification de la blanchité. Mettant en lumière la façon dont ces reconfigurations blanches s’entrecroisent avec un régime de genre où se renforce l’hétéroconjugalité, la thèse apporte une contribution à l’analyse plurielle des rapports sociaux dans les migrations des Nords vers les SudsDrawing on ethnographic methods (participant observation and interviews), this research analyses the migratory experiences of French residents of Abu Dhabi – generally referred to as ‘expats’ rather than ‘migrants’. It describes their migratory paths, and explores how migration affects their social positions, relations, and representations. While these ‘expatriates’ have been described as ‘hypermobile,’ they actually proceed along marked trails. Their migratory routes are shaped by the encounter of Emirati public policies and the French transnational state, in a context where postcolonial competition involves complex distancing strategies vis-à-vis British colonialism and U.S. imperialism. While the construction of the national group is supported by those migratory institutions, it also delineates symbolic boundaries and blends Frenchness and whiteness, through interactions with Emirati nationals as well as with other migrant groups. Although there appears to be little contact with the majority, South-Asian population, this remoteness is complicated by the massive institutionalization of ‘live-in’ domestic services. Relations to national citizens trigger an interesting trouble in the postcolonial order: French residents experience a limited, albeit anxiety-ridden, vulnerability vis-à-vis omnipotent-reputed Emiratis. To that extent, French migrations to Abu Dhabi enact an ambivalent social theater where whiteness is both destabilized and solidified. Showing how the reconfigurations of whiteness intersect with a gender regime which bolsters heteroconjugality, this research contributes to the analysis of the plurality of power relations in North-South migrations
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Sperl, Alexander. "Att göra karriär utomlands : Motivation bland svenska expatriater." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-433832.
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Syftet med undersökningen är att undersöka varför svenskar väljer att göra karriär utomlands. Teorierna som används är push and pull modellen, kulturell intelligens, expectancy-value samt ett för studien skapat teoretiskt ramverk angående anpassning. Metoden som användes var genom kvalitativa semi-strukturerade intervjuer som genomfördes via Zoom och Facebook messenger. Studien kom fram till att förklaringen till varför svenskar väljer att göra karriär utomlands var möjligheten till unika arbetserfarenheter, sökandet efter spänning och att ta sig an nya utmaningar, vilket bottnar i intresset av andra språk och kulturer. Slutsatsen som kommer fram av uppsatsen är att det pekar mot att svenskar influeras av förtroende i akademin, en dragningskraft mot äventyr samt en social flexibilitet. Dock krävs ytterligare studier för att bekräfta dessa resultat.
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Costa, Maria Emília Magalhães Martins da. "“Nada passa, nada expira” : a (re)invenção da memória em o vendedor de passados, de José Eduardo Agualusa." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFOP, 2014. http://200.239.128.16/handle/123456789/6366.
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras. Departamento de Letras, Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Submitted by Marise Leite (marise_mg@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-28T13:55:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_NadaPassaNada.pdf: 998976 bytes, checksum: 2e3e7785167a3fad8663da4fde82f8b7 (MD5)
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Nesta dissertação analisamos o romance O vendedor de passados, do escritor angolano José Eduardo Agualusa (2004), uma narrativa que une a história do protagonista Félix Ventura, um negro albino, mercador de memórias, e do narrador Eulálio, uma osga em sua terceira encarnação, à de um país pós-colonizado com uma sociedade emergente, ávida por ancestrais renomados. A partir da ligação entre ficção e história, a historiografia angolana surge como um dos motes da obra, sob o viés ficcional, recontando fatos e ao mesmo tempo criando outros. Neste sentido, O vendedor de passados é lido como metaficção historiográfica, termo utilizado para designar narrativas ficcionais que se apropriam da realidade histórica na construção do enredo. Percorrendo também os campos da formação identitária, a partir da leitura dos processos históricos pelos quais passou Angola, a análise transita pelos caminhos dos estudos culturais e da topoanálise na abordagem do espaço romanesco. Com o objetivo de verificar o modo como ocorre a (re)invenção da memória no romance, lançamos mão de conceitos que contemplam diversos vieses dos estudos da memória, como o da memória coletiva e da memória cultural, enquanto o conceito freudiano de duplo foi o principal apoio teórico na análise da constituição dos personagens do romance. ______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSTRACT: This Master thesis investigate the novel O vendedor de passados, written by the Angolan author José Eduardo Agualusa (2004). This narrative unites the story of the protagonist Félix Ventura, an albino African that sells memories, and the story of the narrator Eulálio, a gecko in its third incarnation, to the story of a post-colonized country with an emerging society eager for renowned ancestors. From the interrelation between fiction and history, the Angolan historiography emerges as a theme, following a fictional orientation, retelling facts and at the same time creating new ones. In this sense, O vendedor de passados is read as a historiographical metafiction, term used to indicate fictional narratives that appropriates historical reality for the plot construction. This work covers the fields of construction of identity, based on the reading of historical processes whereby Angola has been through, the analyses encompasses the cultural studies and the topoanalysis approach when exploring the novelistic space. Aiming to verify the way that the (re)invention of memory occurs in the novel, concepts related to memory studies from different perspectives have been used, such as collective memory and cultural memory, while the Freudian concept of double was the main theoretical basis when analyzing the constitution of the novel’s characters.
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Chappuis, Thomas. "Prélèvement et analyse des composés organiques volatils dans l’air expiré : apport des microtechnologies et de la chromatographie multidimensionnelle." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLET035.
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L’air expiré présente un intérêt pour des applications médicales comme le dépistage, le suivi de pathologies ou d’expositions. En effet, cet échantillon contient des marqueurs volatils endogènes ou exogènes et son prélèvement est non invasif. Même si le prélèvement est simple, la complexité et la variabilité de l’air expiré expliquent le peu de tests autorisés par les autorités sanitaires.Cette thèse s’est intéressée à deux outils analytiques pour l’analyse de l’air expiré : une puce de préconcentration et la chromatographie en phase gazeuse intégralement bidimensionnelle. Ces deux techniques, peu explorées jusqu’à présents dans ce domaine, peuvent présenter un intérêt en simplifiant le prélèvement et en permettant une analyse plus exhaustive des marqueursLe travail effectué sur la puce de préconcentration a montré que les micropréconcentrateurs fabriqués au laboratoire prélèvent et injectent des mélanges de gaz modèles et des échantillons d’air expiré avec des variabilités proches des systèmes de laboratoires. De plus, nos travaux ont montré que ces micropréconcentrateurs présentent deux avantages majeurs en réduisant les volumes d’échantillon nécessaires et en s’intégrant dans des systèmes simples, portables et fonctionnant sur batterie. Afin d’illustrer leur intérêt sur un cas réel simple, nous avons utilisé ces micropréconcentrateurs pour étudier trois marqueurs du tabagisme dans l’air expiré de trois fumeurs et de trois non-fumeurs et suivre les cinétiques de ces composés dans l’air expiré d’une personne. Finalement, nous avons effectué un travail préliminaire d’intégration dans des échantillonneurs dédiés afin d’exploiter les avantages des micropréconcentrateurs pour le prélèvement de l’air expiré et tenter d’obtenir un prélèvement sur une expiration unique.Nous avons ensuite choisi et reproduit une architecture de modulateur fluidique simple, pertinente pour la miniaturisation, basée sur un Dean’s switch. Nous avons montré que ce modulateur décrit en 2016 était compatible avec une injection par thermodésorption et comparé ses performances à la GC simple pour l’analyse d’un même échantillon d’air expiré. Ceci a montré que cette architecture présente un intérêt en modulant des composés exhalés très volatils ce qui permet de nombreuses levées de coélution. Finalement, nous avons montré, grâce à des plans d’expériences, que l’amélioration des performances de ce modulateur nécessitait un contrôle minutieux des paramètres.Enfin, nous avons confronté nos outils à des échantillons d’une malade atteinte d’une maladie rare, la phénylcétonurie. Des échantillons d’espace de tête d’urine et d’air expiré de la patiente ont été prélevés. Les résultats, incomplets à ce stade, sont discutés dans le manuscritBreath is of interest for medical applications such as screening, monitoring pathologies or exposures. Indeed, this sample contains endogenous or exogenous volatile markers and its sampling is non-invasive. Although the sampling is simple, the complexity and variability of breath explain the few tests authorized by the health authorities.This thesis focused on two analytical tools for the analysis of breath: a preconcentration chip and two-dimensional gas chromatography. These two techniques, little explored so far in this area, may be of interest by simplifying sampling and allowing a more comprehensive analysis of markersWork on the preconcentration chip has shown that micropreconcentrators manufactured in the laboratory sample and inject model gas mixtures and expired air samples with variability close to laboratory systems. In addition, our work has shown that these microproconcentrators have two major advantages in reducing the necessary sample volumes and integrating into simple, portable and battery-powered systems. In order to illustrate their interest in a simple real-world case, we used these microproconcentrators to study three smoking markers in the exhaled breath of three smokers and three non-smokers, and to track the kinetics of these compounds in a person’s breath. Finally, we performed preliminary integration work in dedicated samplers in order to exploit the benefits of micropreconcentrators for the collection of breath and attempt to obtain a single expiratory sampling.We then chose and reproduced a simple fluidic modulator architecture, relevant for miniaturization, based on a Dean's switch. We showed that this modulator described in 2016 was compatible with a thermodesorption injection and compared its performance to GC for the analysis of the same breath sample. This has shown that this architecture is of interest in modulating very volatile exhaled compounds which allows many coelution lifts. Finally, we showed, thanks to experimental designs, that the improvement of the performances of this modulator required a meticulous control of the parameters.Finally, we confronted our tools with samples of a patient suffering from a rare disease, phenylketonuria. Samples of urine head space and exhaled air from the patient were taken. The results, incomplete at this stage, are discussed in the manuscript
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Jiang, Tingming. "Adsorption of chalcogen-based aromatic organic molecules on metal and dielectric surfaces by self-assembly and molecular beam expitaxy." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS581.
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Dans cette thèse, on a étudié la formation de monocouches auto-assemblées de différentes molécules de chalcogénure et de films minces de semiconducteurs organiques. Leurs caractéristiques électroniques et structurelles ont été étudiées principalement par la spectroscopie de photoélectron à rayons X à base de rayonnement synchrotron, la spectroscopie d’adsorption de rayons X à proximité de seuil, la microscopie à force atomique et la diffraction d'électrons à faible énergie. En outre, les caractéristiques d'adsorption du sélénium et du soufre ont été étudiées comme complément à l'étude des adsorptions des molécules comportant des atomes de chalcogène. Le XPS à haute résolution a été utilisé pour enquêter sur les monocouches auto-assemblées de benzèneselénol et de sélénophène sur Cu (111). L'étude détaillée des pics caractéristiques des niveaux du coeur a démontré l'existence de différents sites d'absorption des molécules et aussi avec les mesures NEXAFS l'apparition du clivage de la liaison Se-C. Ces conclusions sont étayées par l'étude de l’adsorption de sélénium atomique montrant également différents sites d'absorption pour le sélénium atomique avec différents environnements chimiques basés sur une étude XPS haute résolution des spectres caractéristiques Se3d, Se3p et l'imagerie LEED. On a étudié les adsorptions de molécules de polythiophène (nT, n = 1-4, 6) ainsi que pour le α, ω-diquaterthiophène (DH4T) et le dihexylsexithiophène (DH6T) sur les films Au (111) et films de Au sur le mica. Les résultats indiquent que les pics XPS S2p ont des contributions de molécules intactes sur différents sites d'adsorption et des molécules cassées. Ces conclusions sont étayées par les calculs DFT existants. La dissociation spontanée apparaît dans une mesure variable dans différents cas, ce qui pourrait être lié à différentes morphologies de surface, à l'existence de défauts et à la réactivité différentes liés a ces défauts. Des films ultra-minces d'α-sexithiophène (6T) ont été déposés sur des surfaces planes de CaF2 (111) / Si (111) et sur des surfaces striées de CaF2 (110) / Si (001) par épitaxie par faisceau moléculaire. L'image AFM de 6T sur CaF2 (111) montre de grandes îles avec des terrasses plates sans préférence dans le plan, tandis que des îlots étroits et allongés suivant l'ondulation du substrat sont formés pour 6T sur CaF2 (110). Les spectres XPS et NEXAFS indiquent que les interactions entre 6T et les surfaces sont négligeables et que les molécules s'alignent avec leur long axe perpendiculaire aux surfaces pour les deux casIn this thesis, formation of self-assembled monolayers of different chalcogenide molecules and organic semiconductor thin films was investigated. Their electronic and structural characteristics have been investigated primarily by synchrotron based X-ray photoelectron, near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy and low energy electron diffraction. In addition, the adsorption characteristics of selenium and sulfur were studied as a complement to the study of adsorptions of chalcogen headgroup molecules. The high resolution XPS was employed to investigate the self assembled monolayers of benzeneselenol and selenophene on Cu(111). The detailed study of characteristic core level peaks demonstrated the existence of different absorption sites of the molecules and also along with NEXAFS measurements the occurrence of Se-C bond cleavage. These conclusions are supported by the study of atomic selenium adsorptions showing also different absorption sites for the atomic selenium with different chemical environments based on high resolution XPS study of characteristic Se3d, Se3p spectra and LEED imaging. The adsorptions of polythiophene molecules (nT, n=1-4, 6) as well as for α, ω-diquaterthiophene (DH4T) and dihexylsexithiophene (DH6T) on Au(111) and Au films grown on mica was studied. The results indicate that the XPS S2p peaks have contributions from intact molecules on different adsorption sites and broken molecules complemented. These conclusions are supported by existing DFT calculations. Spontaneous dissociation appears to a variable extent in different cases, which could be related to different surface morphologies, existence of defects and ensuing differences reactivity.α-Sexithiophene (6T) ultrathin films were grown on CaF2(111)/Si(111) planar surfaces and on CaF2(110)/Si(001) ridged surfaces by molecular beam epitaxy. The AFM image of 6T on CaF2(111) shows large islands with flat terraces without in-plane preference, while narrow and elongated islands following the substrate corrugation are formed for 6T on CaF2(110). XPS and NEXAFS spectra indicate that the interactions between 6T and surfaces are negligible, and the molecules align with their long axis perpendicular to the surfaces for both cases
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Molleyre, Jean-François. "Modifications texturales de fibres de carbone par oxydation en phase gazeuse, en vue de l'élaboration de composites : modélisation structurale de fibres haut module : propriétés mécaniques des fibres et composites." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL001N.
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Les modifications texturales de fibres de carbone ex-pan à haute ténacité et haut module obtenues par une oxydation contrôlée en phase gazeuse, dans l'oxygène dilué et le dioxyde de carbone, sont caractérisées par des études cinétiques, des déterminations de textures poreuses et d'activité chimique de surface. Ces modifications sont illustrées par des modèles concordants basés sur une réactivité de surface. L'évolution texturale et chimique, modifiant faiblement les propriétés mécaniques en traction des monofilaments, permet d'améliorer significativement les caractéristiques de cisaillement de composites élaborés à partir de résine expoxy et de fibres. On discute l'influence de la charge volumique ou massique fibreuse sur les propriétés du composite. La contribution spécifique de l'activité chimique de surface sur le phénomène d'adhésion à l'interface fibre-résine est établie et estimée. Les résultats obtenus et une étude en microscopie électronique à transmission, utilisant tous les modes d'investigation, permettent de proposer un modèle structural pour les fibres de carbone ex-pan haut module, présentant une structure lamellaire plissée tridimensionnelle très orientées, incluant une porosité, dont toutes les dimensions sont déterminées. Ce modèle illustre les caractéristiques mécaniques et texturales observées sur ce type de fibre
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Duplan, Karine. "Devenir ‘expat’. Pratiques de l’espace du quotidien de femmes en situation de mobilité internationale à Luxembourg." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040057.
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Cette thèse en géographie politique et culturelle s’inscrit au sein des approches critiques de mobilités et des migrations et des études sur le genre et les sexualités. Centrée sur les individues, elle vise à éclairer la double face cachée de l’expatriation en s’intéressant au rapport à l’espace de femmes en situation de mobilité internationale, à travers l’analyse de leurs pratiques du quotidien. Elle étudie la façon dont ces pratiques translocales s’agencent, de façon multiscalaire, en un mode de vie dans la mobilité. La dimension du corps, échelle de pratique spatiale et surface d’inscription des normes de sexe et de genre, y est posée de façon centrale, autour de la notion de performance, dans la (re)production d’un espace transnational localisé. Cet angle dévoile l’expatriation comme une pratique de mobilité distinctive, oscillant entre contrainte de genre et émancipation, tout en prenant part à la reproduction et à la diffusion de l’hétéronormativité dans un contexte d’essor de la mondialisation. La méthodologie de la thèse repose sur une enquête ethnographique approfondie mêlant observation participante et entretiens semi-directifs dans un souci constant de réflexivité et en articulation avec une analyse de données statistiques et la présentation d’un large panorama de structures et lieux expatriés en présence. Basée à Luxembourg, capitale en métropolisation émergente, cette thèse se présente comme une étude de cas élargie invitant à prendre en compte les expériences subjectives de la mondialisationPositioned in both critical mobility and migration studies, and studies on gender and sexualities, this PhD dissertation in political and cultural geography aims at unveiling the hidden double face of expatriation. For one part, it focuses on women’s daily practices during their international mobility cycle. It thus examines how these translocal practices fit within a multiscale mobility lifestyle. For another part, it places the body as the primary space of the analysis through the concept of performance. It shows of expatriate women play out specific sexual and gender norms and roles that contribute to the (re)production of a localised transnational space. This research seeks to reveal expatriation as a distinctive mobility practice, weaving from gender coercion to emancipation, which contributes to the reproduction and the spread of heteronormativity in a context of growing globalisation. It is settled in Luxembourg, which can be characterised as an emerging metropolitan capital, where the subjective experience of globalisation can be felt. Methodologically speaking, this thesis is based on in-depth reflexive ethnographic researches, combining participant observations and semi-structured interviews, in articulation with a statistical analysis and a large panorama of Luxembourg's expatriate places and institutions
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Wang, FeI. "A Numerical and Experimental Study of the Thermodynamically Consistent Nonlinear Viscoelastic Response of an Expoxy Polymer in the Glassy Regime." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1163791491.
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Grando, Jérôme. "Faisabilité et modélisation de matériaux à propriétés adaptatives : Cas de composites hybrides verre-expoxy renfermant des alliages à mémoire de forme." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECDL0037.
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Les composites a matrice thermodurcissable et a renforts unidirectionnels possedent une structure dans laquelle il est possible d'integrer divers constituants, tels que par exemple des fils d'alliage a memoire de forme disposes parallelement aux fibres de renfort. Ce type de composite hybride pourrait alors s'adapter a des changements de l'environnement, moduler son comportement, ou alterer sa forme. Ces differentes fonctions ouvrent la voie a de nouvelles applications dans le domaine recent des structures et materiaux dits intelligents. Nous nous interessons dans cette etude a demontrer la faisabilite de l'elaboration d'un materiau a proprietes adaptatives. Dans ce but, nous realisons des composites contenant des fils d'alliage a memoire de forme, prealablement allonges, et presentant un effet memoire de forme associe a la transformation martensitique reversible. Si les fils sont actives par effet joule, ils tendent a retrouver leur forme initiale. Leurs proprietes mecaniques evoluent donc, et les etats de contraintes et de deformations locaux sont ainsi modifies dans le composite. Nous proposons donc d'etudier dans un premier temps ce concept, au moyen d'essais effectues avec des eprouvettes hybrides realisees selon des procedes differents, mais egalement au moyen de modeles d'elements finis permettant d'acceder a des previsions de comportement de ces memes materiaux. La comparaison des resultats obtenus dans ces deux demarches a permis de demontrer la possibilite de realiser de tels composites hybrides raisonnablement modelisables
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Laparé, Sylvain. "Validation d'une approche permettant d'utiliser l'air expiré en vue de la surveillance biologique de l'exposition aux solvants industriels en milieu de travail." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq26799.pdf.
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Bergström, Josefine. "Attitudes towards English in post-Brexit referendum Germany : A qualitative study on attitudes towards English as experienced by British expats in Germany." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-153372.
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English today has reached global dimensions no other language has reached before. While there are other lingua francas in certain geographical regions in the world, English is the most dominant lingua franca in many important international domains, including international affairs and its use as the lingua franca of official organisations, such as the European Union (EU). In the wake of the result of the British referendum, voices were raised for the discontinuation of the use of the English language within the EU after Brexit. While this topic has received attention from journalists throughout Europe, to date there are very few studies on attitudes towards English in a post-Brexit referendum Europe. The present study aims to contribute to the filling of this gap by investigating attitudes towards English experienced by British expats living in Germany, employing semi-structured interviews with six British expats. Also included in the study is information about the expats’ use of different languages for different purposes. The findings indicate that i) they do not see the emergence of a Euro-English likely; ii) that their language choices are determined by inclusiveness; iii) that there may be different attitudes towards English in different parts of Germany; iv) that English is experienced as a door opener; and finally, v) multilingualism is a desired notion for them all. Combined, they suggest there is a discrepancy between the EU political line and the grass root reality.
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Rexhaj, Betim. "Perishable Inventory Management Solutions and Challenges of Kosovo FFRs : Avoiding Product Expiration at Retails Shelves." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-89496.
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Title: Perishable Inventory Management Solutions and Challenges of Kosovo FFRs. Avoiding Product Expiration at Retails ShelvesPurpose: In this thesis perishable inventory management solutions and challenges at Kosovo FFRs have been studied and identified. Hence, after identifying PIM solutions and challenges the research suggests ideas that will contribute to avoid the expiration of perishable products if selling them takes more time than their actual shelf life. This contributes to minimizing food waste in food supply chains and fresh food retailers. Methodology: Thesis consist of qualitative methods where multiple case studies in cooperation with Kosovo FFRs have been performed. Data collection methods included semi structured interviews, site visits and some financial data accessed from annual and government reports. Theory: Theoretical chapter has been developed from preexisting theory on perishable inventory management. Five phases of fresh food retailing inventory management have been developed and used as the basis for practical research. Moreover, part two of the theoretical chapter talks about the perishable inventory management challenges and is the basis for the second research question. Findings: The findings have shown that Kosovo FFRs use a mixture of PIM solutions with a focus on shelf life and replenishment solutions. The study also revealed that Kosovo FFRs are outdated regarding to product identification and software solutions, however, manage to perform somehow satisfactorily. Consequently, because of the lack of contemporary identification technologies Kosovo FFRs PIM challenges where found to be related to data accuracy and real time data access.
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Hansson, Jessica, and Eveline Wester. "A Game of Phone Tag : A qualitative study of women living away from loved ones." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för sociala och psykologiska studier (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-83002.
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In today’s globalized world leaving one’s country of origin to move abroad has become more common,which often results in families and loved ones living apart from each other. This qualitative study aimsto explore professional women’s experiences of living abroad and their ways of coping with being awayfrom their loved ones. The study relies on theoretical concepts and prior research on transnationalfamilies, the sense of home and identity, guilt and coping strategies when longing for loved ones. Inaddition, the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic and its implications for travel has also beentaken into account. The primary data for thisstudy is based on ten semi-structured interviews with womenthat have been living and working or studying in Sweden for over a year, with loved ones abroad. Thedata is analyzed by a relational and partly narrative analysis and the study has been done from a feministperspective. The results show that moving abroad has impacted individual relationships with loved ones.Our participants expressed longing for physical co-presence with their loved ones, although they weremostly satisfied with their current situation. As our interviews showed, COVID-19 has not significantlyaffected their relationships with loved ones abroad, since the women have already been living apart -some of them quite long distances. In addition to the results the discussion will focus on key issuesencountered during the study, its limitations, strengths and suggestions for further research.I denna globaliserade värld har det blivit mer vanligt att lämna sitt hemland och flytta utomlands, ochdärmed inte bo nära sina nära och kära. Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att få en djupare förståelseför kvinnor som bor i ett annat land än deras nära och kära och hur de hanterar det. Studien är baserad påteoretiska koncept och tidigare forskning om transnationella familjer, flyttens inverkan på identiteten ochatt känna sig hemma, skulden av att bo på avstånd och strategier för att klara av att ha sina nära och kärapå avstånd. Detta sätts i perspektivet till den rådande COVID-19 pandemin och de begränsningar, inombland annat resande, som det innebär. Studiens primärdata baseras på tio semistrukturerade intervjuermed kvinnor som bott och jobbat eller studerat i Sverige i minst ett år och har sina nära och kärautomlands. En relationell analysmetod kombineras med narrativ analys och studien har en feministiskutgångspunkt. Resultatet visar att kvinnornas flytt utomlands har påverkat deras relationer med nära ochkära. Deltagarna i studien uttryckte en längtan efter fysisk samvaro med nära och kära i deras hemländer,men ansåg sig mestadels nöjda med deras rådande situation. Det framkom i våra intervjuer att COVID19 pandemin inte hade någon större inverkan på kvinnornas relationer med nära och kära, då de redanbefann sig på ett längre geografiskt avstånd. Utöver resultatet lyfter diskussionen viktiga frågor sompåträffades under studien, styrkor och svagheter samt förslag på vidare forskning.
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Bustamante, Denise M. "Amenities Migration: A Case Study on the Retired Expatriate Community in Cuenca, Azuay, Ecuador." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/29.
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Immigration is not new to Ecuador. Beginning in the early 2000s, the amenities migration phenomenon gained popularity in Ecuador, especially in the UNESCO World Heritage Trust Site of Cuenca, located about five and a half hours south of Quito and four hours east of Guayaquil in the Andes Mountains. This study combines literary research on retirement migration and a case study on the retired expatriate community in Cuenca, Azuay, Ecuador. The limited case study includes twelve in-depth interviews with retired expatriates living in Cuenca and nine interviews with Cuencanos that interact with retired expatriates daily. According to the expatriates, the advantages of living in Cuenca include the cheaper lifestyle, year-round spring-like weather, and a slower pace of life. The disadvantages consist of the concept of “Ecuadorian time” and the indirectness of Cuencanos. Data suggest that Cuencanos value the presence of retired expatriates because they help stimulate the economy, but they resent the impenetrable language barrier and their cultural disengagement. The Cuencanos’ responses also indicate that a deeper understanding of the country and culture is necessary on behalf of the retired expatriates to facilitate their integration into the existing culture rather than trying to create an exclusive subculture within Cuenca.
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Dendene, Marie-Aude. "Exposition au monoxyde de carbone et aux hydrocarbures aromatiques monocycliques : étude comparative des divers modes de déplacement urbain et recherche de biomarqueurs de l'air expiré." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P016.
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