Academic literature on the topic 'Exploitation e exploration'

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Journal articles on the topic "Exploitation e exploration"

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Kim, Andrea. "Human resource strategies for organizational ambidexterity." Employee Relations: The International Journal 41, no. 4 (June 3, 2019): 678–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-09-2017-0228.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a comprehensive framework that delineates how human resource (HR) practices are differentially configured for exploitative and explorative innovation as well as how the sets of HR practices support these two types of innovation. Design/methodology/approach Based on the structural ambidexterity approach and a bottom-up process in the multilevel theories, this research derives the need for the differential managerial structures for exploitation and exploration at the unit level. In addition, the Input–Process–Outcome model of team effectiveness and multilevel theories are employed to discuss the internal nature (e.g. resources, work styles) of exploiting and exploring units. Finally, building on strategic HR management literature, this research configures exploitation-targeted and exploration-targeted HR systems and delves into how these differentiated HR systems generate differential inputs of human capital resources and thereby foster exploitative and explorative innovation processes. Findings This research proposes several factors for exploitation and exploration, including: necessary inputs (i.e. commitment, narrowness, and cohesion for exploitation vs thoughtfulness, breadth, and openness for exploration), idiosyncratic innovation processes (i.e. convergent collective cognition vs divergent collective cognition), and differentiated HR systems comprised of different forms of unit staffing (homogeneity vs heterogeneity), performance appraisal, incentives, and training and development (short-term vs long-term orientation). Originality/value The proposed theoretical framework contributes to an improved understanding of the psychological foundation of organizational ambidexterity and systematizing how diverse HR practices work together to elicit exploitative and explorative innovation from employees.
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Cordes, Erik E., and Lisa A. Levin. "Exploration before exploitation." Science 359, no. 6377 (February 15, 2018): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat2637.

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Zhao, Haiyuan, and Xiaobao Peng. "Exploitation versus exploration." Chinese Management Studies 12, no. 3 (August 6, 2018): 547–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-09-2017-0278.

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Purpose This paper aims to draw on the network perspective of organizational innovation to present an argument on how a subsidiary should select innovation behavior. Design/methodology/approach In this framework, the paper analyzes middle- and high-level managers of subsidiaries from various industries located in the Chinese Mainland. Findings The results suggest the following ideas: internal embeddedness is positively related to exploitation innovation, external embeddedness is inverted-U related to exploration innovation, the availability of alternatives positively moderates the main effects, whereas restraint in the use of power negatively moderates them. Research limitations/implications The current study has a few limitations that provide meaningful research directions for future investigations. First, it only considers the industry and ownership as control variables. Second, this study was conducted in the Chinese context. Practical implications The analysis of the relationship between embeddedness and innovation behavior also shows that focal subsidiary must dynamically adjust the way of embeddedness on the basis of its strategy, and it can reasonable leverage strategic assets for exploitation innovation or exploration innovation. From the perspective of headquarters, establishing deep embeddedness with a subsidiary and giving it indispensable support are important to promote that subsidiary’s exploitation innovation. Social implications The focal subsidiary should establish relationships with more alternative partners and develop relationships with power-advantaged partners through strategies such as a long-term contract, establishing an R&D alliance and entering a joint venture. Besides this, more powerful partners in the internal network should adopt various power usage strategies to promote focal subsidiary exploitation innovation and more powerful partners in the external network should show restraint in the use of power toward any subsidiary in an over-embedded situation. The result shows environment dynamism affects subsidiary exploration innovation more deeply than exploitation innovation. Consequently, managers should recognize the importance of dynamic adaptation to environmental changes and adjust their firms’ innovation behavior accordingly, especially when they are implementing an exploration innovation strategy. Originality/value The extent of embeddedness in an innovation network shapes the subsidiary innovation behavior, and this effect is moderated by power. The focal subsidiary should dynamically and strategically adjust its innovation behavior considering various its type and level of embeddedness.
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Iheanacho, Ike. "Exploration or exploitation?" BMJ 334, no. 7588 (February 8, 2007): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39097.733461.59.

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Lee, Jongseon, and Nami Kim. "Know yourself and find your partners." Management Research Review 42, no. 12 (December 9, 2019): 1333–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-06-2018-0244.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine whether balancing exploration and exploitation rather than emphasizing one over the other leads to better performance. This study also examines the effects of different kinds of external collaboration on a firm’s performance in relation to the firm’s current innovative direction that shows firms’ internal weighting of exploration or exploitation. Design/methodology/approach Data on Korean manufacturing firms collected from the Korean Innovation Survey were used to test the hypotheses. This study suggested the concept of innovative direction (θ) to examine current innovation capabilities about how much the firms focused on exploration or exploitation. The directionality of exploration or exploitation has not been reflected in previous measures of ambidexterity. Factor analysis and hierarchical regression were used to test hypotheses. Findings The findings suggest that balancing exploration and exploitation is beneficial for a firm’s performance, and explorative collaboration is more beneficial for firms internally emphasizing exploitation. However, it showed that for exploration-oriented firms, exploitative collaboration does not supplement exploitative activities. Research limitations/implications Inter-organizational collaboration helps to develop ambidexterity that leads to better performance. Because inter-organizational collaboration involves substantial costs and is time-consuming, selecting and maintaining partners has to be conducted carefully. Based on the currently pursuing innovative directions, firms can make more appropriate decision for finding external cooperative partners with much of efficiency. When firms find collaborative partners, it is the first thing to look inside themselves. Originality/value Previous studies mainly focused on the selection and balance of the partnership between exploration and exploitation without considering the role of an internal innovative strategy firms are currently pursuing. Identifying firms’ current states and finding partners that can supplement any deficiencies provides the most efficient option for the ambidextrous organization. Consideration of inter-organizational collaborations based on the analysis of internal conditions will be fruitful for the study of ambidexterity.
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Zhang, Huiying, and Shuang Lv. "Effect of HR practice on NPD performance." Nankai Business Review International 6, no. 3 (August 3, 2015): 256–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nbri-03-2015-0008.

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Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the moderating effects of contextual factors which are environmental uncertainty on the relationship between human resource (HR) exploitation and HR exploration with new product development (NPD) performance and the mediating role of cross-functional integration between them. The main question this study wants to answer is how a firm implements HR practices to gain better performance under different environment factors. This study is the first empirical research which testifies the influence of HR exploitation and HR exploration on NPD performance. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses regression analysis to examine the moderating effect of environment uncertainty and structural equation modeling to test mediating effect of cross-functional integration. Findings – The result shows that HR exploitation influences NPD performance to a higher degree when environmental uncertainty is low than high. And HR exploration plays a more important role when environmental uncertainty is high; HR exploitation influences internal integration significantly, and the effect of HR exploration on external integration is significant; and internal integration and external integration mediate the relationship between HR exploitation/exploration and NPD performance, respectively. Originality/value – These findings not only contribute to the literature but also provide a view for organizations in making the right decision of exploitative or explorative practices under the giving environment factor which organization facing and achieving better performance.
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Jiang, Jiechuan, and Zongqing Lu. "Generative Exploration and Exploitation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 04 (April 3, 2020): 4337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i04.5858.

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Sparse reward is one of the biggest challenges in reinforcement learning (RL). In this paper, we propose a novel method called Generative Exploration and Exploitation (GENE) to overcome sparse reward. GENE automatically generates start states to encourage the agent to explore the environment and to exploit received reward signals. GENE can adaptively tradeoff between exploration and exploitation according to the varying distributions of states experienced by the agent as the learning progresses. GENE relies on no prior knowledge about the environment and can be combined with any RL algorithm, no matter on-policy or off-policy, single-agent or multi-agent. Empirically, we demonstrate that GENE significantly outperforms existing methods in three tasks with only binary rewards, including Maze, Maze Ant, and Cooperative Navigation. Ablation studies verify the emergence of progressive exploration and automatic reversing.
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SCHULZE, PATRICK, FLORIAN HEINEMANN, and ANNAS ABEDIN. "BALANCING EXPLOITATION AND EXPLORATION." Academy of Management Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (August 2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2008.33622934.

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van Dooren, Roel, Roy de Kleijn, Bernhard Hommel, and Zsuzsika Sjoerds. "The exploration-exploitation trade-off in a foraging task is affected by mood-related arousal and valence." Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience 21, no. 3 (June 2021): 549–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13415-021-00917-6.

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AbstractThe exploration-exploitation trade-off shows conceptual, functional, and neural analogies with the persistence-flexibility trade-off. We investigated whether mood, which is known to modulate the persistence-flexibility balance, would similarly affect the exploration-exploitation trade-off in a foraging task. More specifically, we tested whether interindividual differences in foraging behavior can be predicted by mood-related arousal and valence. In 119 participants, we assessed mood-related interindividual differences in exploration-exploitation using a foraging task that included minimal task constraints to reduce paradigm-induced biases of individual control tendencies. We adopted the marginal value theorem as a model-based analysis approach, which approximates optimal foraging behavior by tackling the patch-leaving problem. To assess influences of mood on foraging, participants underwent either a positive or negative mood induction. Throughout the experiment, we assessed arousal and valence levels as predictors for explorative/exploitative behavior. Our mood manipulation affected participants' arousal and valence ratings as expected. Moreover, mood-related arousal was found to predict exploration while valence predicted exploitation, which only partly matched our expectations and thereby the proposed conceptual overlap with flexibility and persistence, respectively. The current study provides a first insight into how processes related to arousal and valence differentially modulate foraging behavior. Our results imply that the relationship between exploration-exploitation and flexibility-persistence is more complicated than the semantic overlap between these terms might suggest, thereby calling for further research on the functional, neural, and neurochemical underpinnings of both trade-offs.
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JIANG, YANHUI, CHONGYANG WEI, ZHI YANG, and ULAGANATHAN SUBRAMANIAN. "DOES STRONGER R&D CAPABILITY ALWAYS PROMOTE BETTER INNOVATION? THE MODERATING ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE BOUNDARY SPANNING OF R&D NETWORK." International Journal of Innovation Management 22, no. 07 (October 2018): 1850059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919618500597.

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Setting the research background in China, this study draws on absorptive capacity, knowledge inertia and prospect theory to show the relationship between R&D capability and innovation performance which comprises exploitation and exploration. We propose that stronger R&D capability promotes exploitation performance but inhibits exploration performance. As exploitation represents immediate interest and exploration represents long-term interest, we introduce the notion of knowledge boundary spanning of R&D network to balance short-term and long-term benefits. The empirical results show that R&D capability and knowledge boundary spanning of R&D network complement each other for explorative innovation while they present trade-offs for exploitative innovation. This study contributes to existing literature on R&D capability–innovation performance, and it further extends our understanding by investigating the impact of knowledge boundary spanning of R&D network on the R&D capacity–innovation performance relationships. In addition, this study provides references on resources configuration to achieve different innovation strategies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Exploitation e exploration"

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Atwi, Aliaa. "Exploration vs. exploitation in coupon personalization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115729.

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Thesis: Elec. E. in Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-52).
Personalized offers aim to maximize profit by taking into account customer preferences inferred from past purchase behavior. For large retailers with extensive product offerings, learning customer preferences can be challenging due to relatively short purchase histories of most customers. To alleviate the dearth of data, we propose exploiting similarities among products and among customers to reduce problem dimensions. We also propose that retailers use personalized offers not only to maximize expected profit, but to actively learn their customers' preferences. An offer that does not maximize expected profit given current information may still provide valuable insights about customer preferences. This information enables more profitable coupon allocation and higher profits in the long run. In this thesis we 1) derive approximate inference algorithms to learn customer preferences from purchase data in real time, 2) formulate the retailers' offer allocation problem as a multi armed bandit and explore solution strategies.
by Aliaa Atwi.
Elec. E. in Computer Science
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Adelsbo, Felix. "Exploration and Exploitation in Reinforcement Learning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235841.

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In reinforcement learning there exists a dilemma of exploration versus exploitation. This has led to the development of methods that have di↵er- ent approaches to this. Using di↵erent types of methods, and modifying them in di↵erent ways can lead to di↵erent results. Knowledge of how di↵erent methods work can give knowledge of what should be used in aspecific case. Two ways that methods can be modified are change in adjustable pa- rameters and change in the number of steps of random actions at thebeginning. How much these two modifications e↵ect the results in a spe- cific environment may di↵er a lot, and can be a very critical thing to consider for certain results. The goal of this study is to answer the question of how the performance of the di↵erent methods such as random, greedy, ✏-greedy, ✏-decreasingand Softmax is a↵ected by di↵erent values of their adjustable parameters,and by the number of steps of random actions at the beginning. Thesimulations and a comparative analysis are conducted for the case of an inverted pendulum with a vertical pole placed on a moving cart.
Inom förstärkande inlärning existerar ett dilemma inom utforskningkontra utnyttjande. Detta har lett till utvecklandet av metoder som har olika tillvägagångssätt för detta. Att använda olika typer av metoder, och modifiera dem på olika sätt kan leda till olika resultat. Kunskap om hur olika metoder fungerar kan ge kunskap om vad som ska användas i ett specifikt fall.Två sätt som metoder kan modifieras är ändring i justerbara parametrar och ändring i antalet slumpmässiga steg i början. Hur mycket dessa två modifieringar påverkar resultatet i en specifik miljö kan skilja sig mycketåt, och kan vara en väldigt kritisk sak att betänka för ett visst resultat.Målet med denna studie är att besvara frågan om hur prestandan på de olika metoderna random, greedy, e- greedy e-decreasing och Softmax påverkas av olika värden på deras justerbara parametrar, och av antaletslumpmässiga steg i början. Simuleringarna och en jämförande analys utförs för fallet med en inverterad pendel med en vertikal stolpe placerad på en rörlig vagn.
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Bouhlel, Imen. "Essais sur le dilemme exploration-exploitation." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2019AZUR0037.

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Au cours des deux dernières décennies, de nombreux travaux empiriques ont mis en lumière des divergences dans les choix individuels lorsque ceux-ci sont faits à partir d’une description de l’espace des états du monde et de leurs probabilités sous-jacentes (decision from description), et lorsqu’ils résultent de l’expérimentation de cet espace via l’échantillonnage (decision from experience). En effet, dans le premier cas, l’individu dispose d’une connaissance parfaite de l’espace des états du monde. Par différence, dans le second cas, l’individu ne connaît pas à l’avance toutes les alternatives possibles ou/et leurs probabilités de survenance. Cette divergence entre les choix individuels observés dans ces deux configurations est communément qualifiée de description/experience gap. Le phénomène d’undersearch est l’une des causes avancées dans la littérature pour expliquer cet écart. Etant donnée l’importance de la question du choix en incertitude en économie, le processus de search mérite une attention plus approfondie. Cette thèse a pour but de contribuer à la littérature théorique et expérimentale qui étudie ce processus et le dilemme exploration-exploitation qui lui est inhérent, tant au niveau individuel que collectif. La thèse est composée de 3 essais combinant modélisation théorique, modélisation multi-agents, algorithmes évolutionnistes et expériences en laboratoire. Le premier chapitre de cette thèse examine les déterminants du processus de search dans le contexte d’un problème individuel d’arrêt optimal (optimal stopping problem). Les résultats obtenus montrent que ce processus dépend en grande partie du degré de certitude de l’information et que le regret et l’anticipation y jouent un rôle important. Le deuxième chapitre étudie le comportement de partage d’informations dans le cadre d’une recherche collective concurrentielle à l’aide de simulations multi-agents et d’algorithmes évolutionnistes. Il met en évidence l’existence de bénéfices individuels au partage, même lorsque les autres ne partagent pas en retour, à condition que deux mécanismes soient présents: l’imitation avec un certain niveau d’innovation et la visibilité locale. Le troisième chapitre teste et valide expérimentalement ces résultats et souligne le rôle crucial de l’apprentissage
A growing body of empirical evidence during the two last decades has been showing inconsistencies between individual choices when the individuals make decisions from description (i.e., when they are provided with a perfect knowledge about the states space, including all the possible outcomes, and the underlying probabilities), compared to when they make decisions from experience (i.e., when they do not know all the possible outcomes or/and their occurrence probabilities). These inconsistencies are referred to as the description/experience gap. Undersearch has been pointed out as one of the key determinants of this gap. Hence, even though little studied in economics, search becomes a central question, deserving serious interest. This thesis aims at contributing to the theoretical and experimental literature studying search and the related exploration-exploitation dilemma, both at the individual and at the collective level. The thesis is made of 3 essays, combining theoretical, agent-based modelling, evolutionary simulations and laboratory experiments. The first chapter of this thesis examines the determinants of search behavior in the context of an individual optimal stopping problem and shows that this behavior largely depends on the degree of certainty of the information, and is affected by both regret and anticipation. The second chapter investigates information sharing behavior in competitive collective search using agent-based and evolutionary simulations. It finds robust evidence for the individual benefits of sharing, even when others do not reciprocate, as long as two mechanisms as present: Imitation with a certain level of innovation and local visibility. The third chapter experimentally tests and supports the validity of theses results, and stresses the crucial role of learning
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Ozcan, Ozkan. "Balancing exploration and exploitation in agent learning." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5468.

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Controlling the ratio of exploration and exploitation in agent learning in dynamic environments is a continuing challenge in applying agent-learning techniques. Methods to control this ratio in a manner that mimics human behavior are required for use in the representation of human behavior in simulations, where the goal is to constrain agent-learning mechanisms in a manner similar to that observed in human cognition. The Cultural Geography (CG) model, under development in TRAC Monterey, is an agent-based social simulation. It simulates a wide variety of situations and scenarios so that a dynamic ratio between exploration and exploitation makes the decisions more sensible. As part of an attempt to improve the model, this thesis investigates enhancements to the exploration-exploitation balance by using different techniques. The work includes design of experiments with a range of factors in multiple environments and statistical analysis related to these experiments. As a main finding from this research, for small environments and for short runs techniques based on subjective utility give better results, while for long runs techniques based on time obtain higher utilities than other techniques. In more complex and bigger environments, a combined technique performed better in long runs.
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Lampela, T. (Teemu). "Modelling exploration and exploitation in organizational learning." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201904271553.

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Abstract. Simulations have been utilized in organizational learning research since the early 1960s. Despite organizational and management sciences being early adopters of the simulation-based research and theory construction and while other disciplines have begun to adopt simulations as part of their research the simulation-based research never reached its expected popularity in organizational- and management sciences despite its promising beginnings. The purpose of this bachelor’s thesis is to create a holistic view of simulation modelling in organizational and management sciences which will function as a basis for one of the most fundamental models in organizational knowledge research. In this work we will explore how the March (1991) simulation model and the article has evolved over the last three decades. By exploring the model this work will also create a comprehensive view about the development of organizational learning and the related concepts in the field as well as showcase the significance of simulation modelling as part of organizational learning development. At the center of this thesis however is the argument represented by the March (1991) simulation model about the fundamental competition for scarce resources between organizational exploration and exploitation and their impact in organization’s knowledge and performance rates. In this thesis we will create a comprehensive view of the supposed dilemma between exploration exploitation in organizational learning and offer suitable solutions for this problem based on simulation modelling and empirical research. As a part of this thesis I will construct a conceptual model that will function as a basis for a future reconstruction of the original March (1991) simulation model. The purpose of the reconstruction is to validate the original model as well as make the model more communicable, visualizable and updateable. The work will serve as an excellent basis for future extensions in to the model and offers a strong basis for future research into modelling in organizational- and management sciences.Tiivistelmä. Simulaatioita on hyödynnetty organisaatio oppimiseen liittyvässä tutkimuksessa 1960-luvulta saakka. Vaikka organisaatio- ja johtamistieteet olivat hyvin aikaisia simulaatiopohjaisen tutkimuksen ja teorian rakentamisen edelläkävijöitä ja samalla kun myös monet muut tieteenalat ovat alkaneet omaksumaan simulaatioiden hyödyntämisen tutkimuksessa eivät simulaatiot koskaan saavuttaneet oletettua suosiota organisaatio- ja johtamistieteissä lupaavasta alusta huolimatta. Tämän kandidaatintyön tarkoituksena on luoda kokonaisvaltainen kuva simulaatio- ja mallintamiskäytännöistä organisaatio- ja johtamistieteissä, joka toimii pohjana työssä tarkasteltavalle organisaatio oppimisen keskeisimmän mallin tarkastelulle ja sen kehitykselle viimeisen kolmen vuosikymmenen aikana. Mallin tarkastelun avulla luodaan myös kattava kuva organisaatioiden oppimiseen liittyvien ajatusten ja käsitteiden kehittymisestä sekä mikä rooli mallinnuksella on ollut osana organisaatio oppimisen kehitystä. Työn keskiössä on March (1991) esille nostama argumentti organisaatioiden resurssien kohdistamisesta olemassa olevan osaamisen ja teknologian hyödyntämisen (exploitation) ja uuteen teknologiaan ja osaamiseen liittyvän tutkimuksen (exploration) välillä. Työssä tarkastellaan organisaatioiden kykyä ja tarvetta tasapainotella edellä mainitun kahden resurssin välillä sekä niiden vaikutusta organisaatioiden osaamistasoon ja suorituskykyyn niin lyhyellä kuin pitkällä aikavälillä. Työssä luodaan laaja kokonaiskuva lyhyen- ja pitkän aikavälin hyödyn tavoittelun välisistä oletetuista ristiriidoista sekä tarjotaan mahdollisia ratkaisuja mallinnuksen ja empiirisen tutkimuksen pohjalta. Osana työtä rakennan konseptuaalisen mallin tarkastellun March (1991) mallin ja työssä tarkasteltujen töiden pohjalta, jonka tarkoituksena on toimia pohjana toteutettavalle mallin rekonstruktiolle. Mallin rekonstruktion tehtävänä on toimia validointina alkuperäiselle mallille sekä tehdä mallista helpommin kommunikoitava, visualisoitava ja uudelleenpäivitettävä. Työ tarjoaa erinomaisen pohjan mallin jatkokehitykselle ja mallinnukseen liittyvälle jatkotutkimukselle organisaatio- ja johtamistieteissä.
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Pickering, Andrew Christopher. "An empirical analysis of the exploitation of oil." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248158.

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Faroque, Anisur Rahman. "Network exploration and exploitation in international entrepreneurship: an opportunity-based view." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Management, Marketing & Entrepreneurship, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9639.

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International entrepreneurship (IE) exists at the interface of two distinct research fields - entrepreneurship and international business (IB). However, IE studies typically fail to integrate research from both fields, leaning much more towards IB. This study uses core concepts from entrepreneurship to explain the export performance of early internationalising firms. It contributes to the network and international opportunity-based view in IE by incorporating the twin concepts of exploration and exploitation into a dynamic capability perspective, showing how these affect export performance. While early internationalising firms including born globals constitute an important component in IE, empirical interest in this field focuses on high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries from developed countries. In addition, research in the field is mainly of qualitative nature investigating small numbers of firms. Therefore, much is unknown about how early internationalising firms differ in their dynamic network capabilities and opportunity related capabilities. We investigate these aspects using structural equation modelling based on a sample of 647 SMEs and large, young and mature export start-ups operating in the traditional low-tech apparel industry from a South Asian developing country (Bangladesh). This study shows that both network exploitation and exploration capabilities positively influence international opportunity exploitation and exploration capabilities. In turn, international opportunity exploitation and exploration capabilities influence export performance. This study also demonstrates that the relationship between network capabilities and export performance is both direct and indirect through the mediation of the twin international opportunity capabilities. The moderation analysis of firm age and size sheds additional light on the liabilities of newness and smallness of early internationalising firms. Interestingly, we find that the liabilities of smallness and newness do not have the same influence in different stages of IE. The role of firm size is more pronounced at the earlier stage of IE. In contrast, firm age accentuates in the later stage of the twin opportunity capabilities-export performance relationship. One possible explanation of this may be that developing and managing networks for the purpose of exploiting and exploring international opportunities is the most effortful and resource demanding stage in the entrepreneurial process. During this stage, owner-managers assess their own organisational resources, explore the possibilities of attracting external network resources and match their own resources with those of network partners. This stage reflects what is called "resource orchestration" in the strategic entrepreneurship literature. In the later stage, when opportunities are already developed and exploited, only minimal resources are then needed to achieve performance advantage. Age becomes a dominant factor because older firms derive greater performance advantage than younger firms due to their accumulated experience and learning throughout the years. This study indicates that firms may overcome their liability of smallness by connecting with new foreign partners, especially customers, resulting in more export orders. Policy makers can also help them connect with new partners by organising trade fairs, trade missions and sponsoring other promotion programmes. With respect to the liability of newness prevailing in the later stage, owner-managers should work with prominent business partners to help them get good referrals and overcome the lack of legitimacy in establishing new relations. Finally, the managers of early internationalising firms should be empowered to develop relationships with external partners.
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Liedholm, Johnson Eva. "Mineral Rights : Legal Systems Governing Exploration and Exploitation." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Fastighetsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12044.

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The objective of this thesis is to examine the legal procedures and systems concerning granting or possessing mineral rights, and how such rights may be exercised, particularly given the diametric interests of land use, ownership and land tenure. The study, comparative in its nature, aims at highlighting the similarities and differences between the countries and states of comparison, and thereby identify interesting solutions of issues relating to the granting and exercising of mineral rights. The study examines mineral rights and different legal systems regulating mineral exploration and exploitation. The focus is on mining and mineral legislation and its application, including the exercise of mineral rights. The systems chosen are those of Sweden, Finland and the states of Ontario and Western Australia. The main result is generated by the comparison dealing with the application, granting and possession of mineral rights related to the development of a mine. Several processes are thereby identified. In addition, the content and extent of the different rights and obligations related to exploration and exploitation activities are examined, as well as land areas open or closed for the exercise of these rights. The legal processes concerning granting mineral rights are in fact complex as evidenced by this work, particularly when land-use and environmental legislation is taken into account. The perception of a good balance in legislation between diametric interests of land use, ownership and land tenure is heavily linked to the view of sustainable development. The difficulties of achieving this are confirmed by the countries and states compared. The continuous change of mineral legislation during the course of this study is an indication of the complexity of the topic.
QC20100723
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Abeille, Marc. "Exploration-exploitation with Thompson sampling in linear systems." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10182/document.

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Cette thèse est dédiée à l'étude du Thompson Sampling (TS), une heuristique qui vise à surmonter le dilemme entre exploration et exploitation qui est inhérent à tout processus décisionnel face à l'incertain. Contrairement aux algorithmes issus de l'heuristique optimiste face à l'incertain (OFU), où l'exploration provient du choix du modèle le plus favorable possible au vu de la connaissance accumulée, les algorithmes TS introduisent de l'aléa dans le processus décisionnel en sélectionnant aléatoirement un modèle plausible, ce qui les rend bien moins coûteux numériquement. Cette étude se concentre sur les problèmes paramétriques linéaires, qui autorisent les espaces état-action continus (infinis), en particulier les problèmes de Bandits Linéaires (LB) et les problèmes de contrôle Linéaire et Quadratique (LQ). Nous proposons dans cette thèse de nouvelles analyses du regret des algorithmes TS pour chacun de ces deux problèmes. Bien que notre démonstration pour les LB garantisse une borne supérieure identique aux résultats préexistants, la structure de la preuve offre une nouvelle vision du fonctionnement de l'algorithme TS, et nous permet d'étendre cette analyse aux problèmes LQ. Nous démontrons la première borne supérieure pour le regret de l'algorithme TS dans les problèmes LQ, qui garantie dans le cadre fréquentiste un regret au plus d'ordre O(\sqrt{T}). Enfin, nous proposons une application des méthodes d'exploration-exploitation pour les problèmes d'optimisation de portefeuille, et discutons dans ce cadre le besoin ou non d'explorer activement
This dissertation is dedicated to the study of the Thompson Sampling (TS) algorithms designed to address the exploration-exploitation dilemma that is inherent in sequential decision-making under uncertainty. As opposed to algorithms derived from the optimism-in-the-face-of-uncertainty (OFU) principle, where the exploration is performed by selecting the most favorable model within the set of plausible one, TS algorithms rely on randomization to enhance the exploration, and thus are much more computationally efficient. We focus on linearly parametrized problems that allow for continuous state-action spaces, namely the Linear Bandit (LB) problems and the Linear Quadratic (LQ) control problems. We derive two novel analyses for the regret of TS algorithms in those settings. While the obtained regret bound for LB is similar to previous results, the proof sheds new light on the functioning of TS, and allows us to extend the analysis to LQ problems. As a result, we prove the first regret bound for TS in LQ, and show that the frequentist regret is of order O(sqrt{T}) which matches the existing guarantee for the regret of OFU algorithms in LQ. Finally, we propose an application of exploration-exploitation techniques to the practical problem of portfolio construction, and discuss the need for active exploration in this setting
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Shaposhnik, Yaron. "Exploration vs. exploitation : reducing uncertainty in operational problems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106681.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2016.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 205-207).
Motivated by several core operational applications, we introduce a class of multistage stochastic optimization models that capture a fundamental tradeoff between performing work under uncertainty (exploitation) and investing resources to reduce the uncertainty in the decision making (exploration/testing). Unlike existing models, in which the exploration-exploitation tradeoffs typically relate to learning the underlying distributions, the models we introduce assume a known probabilistic characterization of the uncertainty, and focus on the tradeoff of learning exact realizations. In the first part of the thesis (Chapter 2), we study a class of scheduling problems that capture common settings in service environments in which the service provider must serve a collection of jobs that have a-priori uncertain processing times and priorities (modeled as weights). In addition, the service provider must decide how to dynamically allocate capacity between processing jobs and testing jobs to learn more about their respective processing times and weights. We obtain structural results of optimal policies that provide managerial insights, efficient optimal and near-optimal algorithms, and quantification of the value of testing. In the second part of the thesis (Chapter 3), we generalize the model introduced in the first part by studying how to prioritize testing when jobs have different uncertainties. We model difference in uncertainties using the convex order, a general relation between distributions, which implies that the variance of one distribution is higher than the variance of the other distribution. Using an analysis based on the concept of mean preserving local spread, we show that the structure of the optimal policy generalizes that of the initial model where jobs were homogeneous and had equal weights. Finally, in the third part of the thesis (Chapter 4), we study a broad class of stochastic combinatorial optimization that can be formulated as Linear Programs whose objective coefficients are random variables that can be tested, and whose constraint polyhedron has the structure of a polymatroid. We characterize the optimal policy and show that similar types of policies optimally govern testing decisions in this setting as well.
by Yaron Shaposhnik.
Ph. D.
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Books on the topic "Exploitation e exploration"

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Schulze, Patrick. Balancing Exploitation and Exploration. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8397-8.

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Stöckmann, Christoph. Exploration und Exploitation in adoleszenten Unternehmen. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8644-3.

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Asian Mining Conference and Exhibition (4th 1993 Calcutta, India). 4th Asian Mining: Exploration, exploitation and environment. Edited by Singh T. N and Mining, Geological, and Metallurgical Institute of India. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Pub. Co., 1994.

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Tønnessen, Tor. Managing Process Innovation through Exploitation and Exploration. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-04403-9.

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Thomsen, Leon. Understanding seismic anisotropy in exploration and exploitation. Tulsa, Okla: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2002.

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Figueirôa, Silvia Fernanda, Gregory A. Good, and Drielli Peyerl, eds. History, Exploration & Exploitation of Oil and Gas. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13880-6.

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A history of the Arctic: Nature, exploration and exploitation. London: Reaktion Books, 2012.

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Chaubisa, M. L. Caste, tribe, and exploitation: Exploration of inequality at village level. Udaipur: Himanshu Publications, 1988.

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AAS/JRS Symposium (1st 1985 Honolulu, Hawaii). Space exploitation and utilization: Proceedings of the First AAS/JRS Symposium. San Diego, Calif: Published for the American Astronautical Society by Univelt, 1986.

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The River Congo: The discovery, exploration, and exploitation of the world's most dramatic river. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Exploitation e exploration"

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Pulido-Bosch, Antonio. "Exploration and Exploitation." In Principles of Karst Hydrogeology, 313–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55370-8_8.

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Rhee, Mooweon, and Tohyun Kim. "Exploration and Exploitation." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Strategic Management, 1–4. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94848-2_388-1.

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Rhee, Mooweon, and Tohyun Kim. "Exploration and Exploitation." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Strategic Management, 543–46. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-00772-8_388.

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Schulze, Patrick. "Introduction." In Balancing Exploitation and Exploration, 1–14. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8397-8_1.

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Schulze, Patrick. "Context, Definitions and Characteristics of Exploitation and Exploration." In Balancing Exploitation and Exploration, 15–29. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8397-8_2.

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Schulze, Patrick. "Theoretical Framework." In Balancing Exploitation and Exploration, 30–64. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8397-8_3.

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Schulze, Patrick. "Hypotheses and Research Model." In Balancing Exploitation and Exploration, 65–77. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8397-8_4.

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Schulze, Patrick. "Methodology of Data Analysis." In Balancing Exploitation and Exploration, 78–115. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8397-8_5.

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Schulze, Patrick. "Design of the Research Instrument." In Balancing Exploitation and Exploration, 116–41. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8397-8_6.

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Schulze, Patrick. "Data Collection and Data Sample." In Balancing Exploitation and Exploration, 142–53. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8397-8_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Exploitation e exploration"

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Ahukorala, Kumaripaba, Alan Medlar, Kalle Ilves, and Dorota Glowacka. "Balancing Exploration and Exploitation." In CIKM'15: 24th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2806416.2806609.

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Yariv, Leeat. "Disentangling Exploration from Exploitation." In EC '21: The 22nd ACM Conference on Economics and Computation. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3465456.3467524.

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Chen, JianPing, qiming fu, quan liu, and heng luo. "Single Trajectory Learning: Exploration VS. Exploitation." In MOL2NET 2016, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 2nd edition. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-02-03846.

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Liu, Hebin. "Competence Exploration and Exploitation and Innovation." In 2010 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2010.5577384.

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Rickert, Markus, Oliver Brock, and Alois Knoll. "Balancing exploration and exploitation in motion planning." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robot.2008.4543636.

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Karimzadehgan, Maryam, and ChengXiang Zhai. "Exploration-exploitation tradeoff in interactive relevance feedback." In the 19th ACM international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1871437.1871631.

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Loy, C. C., T. M. Hospedales, Tao Xiang, and Shaogang Gong. "Stream-based joint exploration-exploitation active learning." In 2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2012.6247847.

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Jingjing, Ding, Lv Hongjiang, and Zhou Yingtang. "Trust brokerage drives manager's exploration and exploitation." In the 3rd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3361785.3361787.

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Barker, Sydney, Chelsea Sabo, Kelly Cohen, and Cody Lafountain. "Intelligent Algorithms for Maze Exploration and Exploitation." In Infotech@Aerospace 2011. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-1510.

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Simpkins, Alex, Raymond de Callafon, and Emanuel Todorov. "Optimal trade-off between exploration and exploitation." In 2008 American Control Conference (ACC '08). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2008.4586462.

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Reports on the topic "Exploitation e exploration"

1

Lee, Michael D., and Mark Steyvers. Modeling Exploration and Exploitation in Structured Environments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada567393.

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Scott A. Wood. Behavior of Rare Earth Element In Geothermal Systems; A New Exploration/Exploitation Tool. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/792697.

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Koch, Kaelynn. An investigation of exploitation versus exploration in GBEA optimization of PORS 15 and 16 Problems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1048523.

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Aldendifer, Elise, McKenzie Coe, Taylor Faught, Ian Klein, Peter Kuylen, Keeli Lane, Robert Loughran, et al. The Safe and Efficient Development of Offshore Transboundary Hydrocarbons: Best Practices from the North Sea and Their Application to the Gulf of Mexico. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Energy, Environmental, & Natural Resource Systems, September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.offshoretransboundaryhydrocarbons.

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Offshore hydrocarbon resources have been developed for many decades, and with technology improvements, many fields which were once impossible to develop, are now economically and technologically feasible. This has led to a growing difficulty in determining the legislative and regulatory framework for resources that straddle the recognized borders between two states. In this paper, we examine a successful framework agreement governing the transboundary resources between the United Kingdom (“U.K.”) and Norway in the North Sea, and the agreement between the United States and Mexico governing the Gulf of Mexico. Following the 2013 Energy Reform, the Mexican energy sector has been revitalized, leading to greater exploration, development, and production than ever before. This means that in the near future transboundary resources may be licensed for production, bringing the issues highlighted in this paper to the attention of multiple government and international entities. This paper seeks to recommend improvements to the transboundary framework in the Gulf of Mexico based on the successful framework agreement utilized in the North Sea. This paper begins by introducing international law for offshore resources in Part II. Part III discusses the offshore regulatory regimes in the U.K. and Norway, analyzing how the two states have successfully used bilateral agreements to facilitate cooperation regarding effective exploitation and apportionment of costs from cross-boundary offshore oil and gas projects in the North Sea. Part IV discusses the offshore regulatory regimes in the United States and Mexico and analyzes the current transboundary agreement in place for the Gulf of Mexico. Part V compares the transboundary agreement governing the North Sea and the same governing the Gulf of Mexico. We highlight the major differences in the agreements and suggest changes to the Gulf of Mexico agreement based on the successful North Sea agreement. Finally, this paper concludes and provides key policy recommendations to improve the rules and regulations surrounding the exploitation of transboundary hydrocarbons in the Gulf of Mexico.
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de Caritat, Patrice, Brent McInnes, and Stephen Rowins. Towards a heavy mineral map of the Australian continent: a feasibility study. Geoscience Australia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2020.031.

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Heavy minerals (HMs) are minerals with a specific gravity greater than 2.9 g/cm3. They are commonly highly resistant to physical and chemical weathering, and therefore persist in sediments as lasting indicators of the (former) presence of the rocks they formed in. The presence/absence of certain HMs, their associations with other HMs, their concentration levels, and the geochemical patterns they form in maps or 3D models can be indicative of geological processes that contributed to their formation. Furthermore trace element and isotopic analyses of HMs have been used to vector to mineralisation or constrain timing of geological processes. The positive role of HMs in mineral exploration is well established in other countries, but comparatively little understood in Australia. Here we present the results of a pilot project that was designed to establish, test and assess a workflow to produce a HM map (or atlas of maps) and dataset for Australia. This would represent a critical step in the ability to detect anomalous HM patterns as it would establish the background HM characteristics (i.e., unrelated to mineralisation). Further the extremely rich dataset produced would be a valuable input into any future machine learning/big data-based prospectivity analysis. The pilot project consisted in selecting ten sites from the National Geochemical Survey of Australia (NGSA) and separating and analysing the HM contents from the 75-430 µm grain-size fraction of the top (0-10 cm depth) sediment samples. A workflow was established and tested based on the density separation of the HM-rich phase by combining a shake table and the use of dense liquids. The automated mineralogy quantification was performed on a TESCAN® Integrated Mineral Analyser (TIMA) that identified and mapped thousands of grains in a matter of minutes for each sample. The results indicated that: (1) the NGSA samples are appropriate for HM analysis; (2) over 40 HMs were effectively identified and quantified using TIMA automated quantitative mineralogy; (3) the resultant HMs’ mineralogy is consistent with the samples’ bulk geochemistry and regional geological setting; and (4) the HM makeup of the NGSA samples varied across the country, as shown by the mineral mounts and preliminary maps. Based on these observations, HM mapping of the continent using NGSA samples will likely result in coherent and interpretable geological patterns relating to bedrock lithology, metamorphic grade, degree of alteration and mineralisation. It could assist in geological investigations especially where outcrop is minimal, challenging to correctly attribute due to extensive weathering, or simply difficult to access. It is believed that a continental-scale HM atlas for Australia could assist in derisking mineral exploration and lead to investment, e.g., via tenement uptake, exploration, discovery and ultimately exploitation. As some HMs are hosts for technology critical elements such as rare earth elements, their systematic and internally consistent quantification and mapping could lead to resource discovery essential for a more sustainable, lower-carbon economy.
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