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Journal articles on the topic 'Exploratory qualitative research'
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Patelis, Athena R., and Randall Lehmann Sorenson. "The “Silence” of Women in Integration: Exploratory Qualitative Research." Journal of Psychology and Theology 25, no. 2 (June 1997): 188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009164719702500203.
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Whether the result of biology, the result of culture, or the interaction of both, modern research on gender concurs: men and women are different. This deceptively simple finding raises a series of interesting questions for work in the integration of psychology and theology. Do women think of integration differently than men? Does the impact of being a mother affect how women imagine integration? And is traditional integrative literature congenial with women's perceptions? If not, why aren't there more women writing on integration in ways that highlight their unique contributions? How are we to account for women's apparent silence when it comes to integration? The present study investigated these questions via exploratory qualitative research.
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Mansourian, Yazdan. "Exploratory nature of, and uncertainty tolerance in, qualitative research." New Library World 109, no. 5/6 (May 16, 2008): 273–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03074800810873614.
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Kalu, Felicity Agwu. "What makes qualitative research good research? An exploratory analysis of critical elements." International Journal of Social Science Research 5, no. 2 (September 11, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijssr.v5i2.10711.
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When conducting research, it is essential that both the design and the method used are appropriate to fully answer the research questions. The overall aim of the study should determine the choice of the design. it is also crucial that the research is not only relevant but must be of good quality to provide knowledge that can be effectively used in various settings such as practice and education, as well as implementation of policies and projects. Qualitative research is used in various disciplines including behavioral and social sciences to understand human experiences and situations, as well as individuals' cultures, beliefs, and values. Qualitative research is very useful for exploring complex phenomena that are difficult to measure with quantitative studies. Despite the advantages of qualitative research, its trustworthiness is often questioned by some researchers and readers. This article presents an exploratory analysis of the essential elements in qualitative research that when properly and objectively utilised can enable the readers of qualitative work to judge it as a good research.
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Chávez, Vivian. "Language, Gender and Violence in Qualitative Research." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 21, no. 1 (April 2002): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/urht-a2kx-gk95-aaa0.
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The purpose of this exploratory study is to provide a deep understanding of young women's personal accounts of violence to inform prevention programs and policies. Individual and focus group interviews about everyday experiences with violence were conducted with 67 young women, ages 15–19, at a high school in San Francisco, California. Qualitative methods were used to assess the range of young women's experiences with community and interpersonal violence. Three themes emerged from the data: 1) witnessing dating violence; 2) emotions and the language of the body; and 3) the paradox of love and violence. Violence in the lives of young women challenges assumptions about what “youth violence” means, how it happens, and who it happens to.
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Rendle, Katharine A., Corey M. Abramson, Sarah B. Garrett, Meghan C. Halley, and Daniel Dohan. "Beyond exploratory: a tailored framework for designing and assessing qualitative health research." BMJ Open 9, no. 8 (August 2019): e030123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030123.
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The objective of this commentary is to develop a framework for assessing the rigour of qualitative approaches that identifies and distinguishes between the diverse objectives of qualitative health research, guided by a narrative review of the published literature on qualitative guidelines and standards from peer-reviewed journals and national funding organisations that support health services research, patient-centered outcomes research and other applied health research fields. In this framework, we identify and distinguish three objectives of qualitative studies in applied health research: exploratory, descriptive and comparative. For each objective, we propose methodological standards that may be used to assess and improve rigour across all study phases—from design to reporting. Similar to hierarchies of quality of evidence within quantitative studies, we argue that standards for qualitative rigour differ, appropriately, for studies with different objectives and should be evaluated as such. Distinguishing between different objectives of qualitative health research improves the ability to appreciate variation in qualitative studies and to develop appropriate evaluations of the rigour and success of qualitative studies in meeting their stated objectives. Researchers, funders and journal editors should consider how further developing and adopting the framework for assessing qualitative rigour outlined here may advance the rigour and potential impact of this important mode of inquiry.
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Khaldi, Kamel. "Quantitative, Qualitative or Mixed Research: Which Research Paradigm to Use?" Journal of Educational and Social Research 7, no. 2 (May 24, 2017): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2017.v7n2p15.
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Abstract Research students usually encounter great difficulties in setting up a viable research project mainly because, on the one hand they lack familiarity with the philosophical underpinnings of major paradigms used in educational research: quantitative, qualitative or mixed, and on the other hand , they do not associate the corresponding research types with these paradigms : experimental, non experimental for the former, and interactive or non interactive for the second and the for the latter whether it is explanatory or exploratory, in addition to the importance of triangulation in any research study . These paradigms determine not only the formulation of the problem chosen for research and the associated research questions or hypothesis but also and more importantly, the sampling procedure as well as the selection of the appropriate research tools and the way the collected data is analysed and discussed. This survey of the major paradigms in educational research and their implications for the design of any research study will hopefully provide them with the necessary guidance to approach their research project with more confidence et more efficiency.
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Moja, Egidio, Paola Minghetti, Luisa Vercellesi, Elena Iapichino, Stefania Anania, Martina Laccisaglia, and Flavia Bruno. "Community pharmacists and stress at the counter: qualitative exploratory initial Italian research." Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research 4, no. 3 (June 21, 2013): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jphs.12023.
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Núñez Lira, Luis Alberto, José Néstor Sánchez Morales, Óscar Alberto Urbano Ayala, and Gino Valentino Severino Fuentes. "Virtual learning in qualitative research in graduate students." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, no. 3C (September 18, 2021): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-6220202173c1501p.32-42.
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The purpose of the research is to carry out the analysis of the virtual learning process of qualitative research in postgraduate university students during the health emergency. The methodology used is of a socio-critical paradigm, of a multi-case study, at an exploratory level. The population was made up of doctoral students in education and public management and governance from Lima universities. The instruments used were observable products of learning management, in-depth interviews, both with experts in qualitative research, students and teachers. The research allowed an approximation to reality with the use of the various mechanisms that ICT, despite their incipient dominance, both in the data collection and in the analyzes carried out, showing that connectivism does not distort learning or learning. investigation.
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Megheirkouni, Majd. "Leadership behaviours and capabilities in Syria: an exploratory qualitative approach." Journal of Management Development 35, no. 5 (June 13, 2016): 636–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-02-2015-0022.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand the nature of leadership development in Syria, by answering specific research questions: what are the types of leadership behaviours and capabilities adopted by companies operating in Syria? And why are they adopted? Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative research method has been adopted to achieve the aim of this study. Findings – The findings revealed that the leadership behaviours and capabilities required for business environment in Syria include strategic thinking, business skills, communication, understanding the whole, ability to change, teamwork, self-awareness, decision making/problem solving, and adaptability. Research limitations/implications – Research data has been collected in an unstable environment because of what was called the Arab Spring, so this affected not only the participants, but also how they respond to each question. Additionally, only the for-profit sector was involved in the study because of its flexibility, lack of bureaucracy, and application of leadership development. Practical implications – The paper explores the major leadership behaviours and capabilities utilised and their purposes, as well as more broadly for designers who are attempting to develop leadership in the Syrian context. Originality/value – The study offers data and interpretation of a specific non-Western context on which foundation further studies in the Middle Eastern context can be developed.
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Malmedal, Wenche, and Christiana Anyan. "Elder abuse in Ghana – a qualitative exploratory study." Journal of Adult Protection 22, no. 5 (August 20, 2020): 299–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jap-04-2020-0011.
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Purpose The aim of this study was to explore how Ghanaian staff in nursing homes and hospitals perceive abuse and neglect of older adults as well as to explore the nature and scope of abuse and neglect of older adults as it exists in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach This exploratory study used a qualitative research methodology that sets out to explore staff’s perception of elder abuse in nursing homes and hospitals in Ghana. Five nursing assistants and two caregivers were interviewed in two nursing homes and four nurses were interviewed in one hospital. A semi-structured interview guide was used for data collection. Findings The findings showed that elder abuse occurs in both hospitals and nursing homes, which might be attributed to different personal, situational and institutional characteristics as well as cultural and traditional value systems. Various factors at the level of interpersonal relationships contributed to elder abuse. Situational characteristics such as aggressive exchanges between residents and health workers and institutional characteristics such as limited facilities and resources to care for residents are all factors that were implicated in elder abuse. Finally, culture and traditional views, beliefs system and socioeconomic factors seem to be implicated in elder abuse and neglect. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that explores elder abuse and neglect in Ghanaian nursing homes and hospitals.
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Bennett, Elisabeth E., and Rochell R. McWhorter. "Opening the black box and searching for smoking guns." European Journal of Training and Development 40, no. 8/9 (September 6, 2016): 691–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-07-2015-0049.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of qualitative research in causality, with particular emphasis on process causality. In one paper, it is not possible to discuss all the issues of causality, but the aim is to provide useful ways of thinking about causality and qualitative research. Specifically, a brief overview of the regularity theory of causation is provided, qualitative research characteristics and ontological and epistemological views that serve as a potential conceptual frame to resolve some tensions between quantitative and qualitative work are discussed and causal processes are explored. This paper offers a definition and a model of process causality and then presents findings from an exploratory study that advanced the discussion beyond the conceptual frame. Design/methodology/approach This paper first conceptually frames process causality within qualitative research and then discusses results from an exploratory study that involved reviewing literature and interviewing expert researchers. The exploratory study conducted involved analyzing multiple years of literature in two top human resource development (HRD) journals and also exploratory expert interviews. The study was guided by the research question: How might qualitative research inform causal inferences in HRD? This study used a basic qualitative approach that sought insight through inductive analysis within the focus of this study. Findings The exploratory study found that triangulation, context, thick description and process research questions are important elements of qualitative studies that can improve research that involves causal relationships. Specifically, qualitative studies provide both depth of data collection and descriptive write-up that provide clues to cause-and-effect relationships that support or refute theory. Research limitations/implications A major conclusion of this study is that qualitative research plays a critical role in causal inference, albeit an understated one, when one takes an enlarged philosophical view of causality. Equating causality solely with variance theory associated with quantitative research leaves causal processes locked in a metaphoric black box between cause and effect, whereas qualitative research opens up the processes and mechanisms contained within the box. Originality/value This paper reframed the discussion about causality to include both the logic of quantitative studies and qualitative studies to demonstrate a more holistic view of causality and to demonstrate the value of qualitative research for causal inference. Process causality in qualitative research is added to the mix of techniques and theories found in the larger discussion of causality in HRD.
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Alase, Abayomi. "The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA): A Guide to a Good Qualitative Research Approach." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 5, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.5n.2p.9.
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As a research methodology, qualitative research method infuses an added advantage to the exploratory capability that researchers need to explore and investigate their research studies. Qualitative methodology allows researchers to advance and apply their interpersonal and subjectivity skills to their research exploratory processes. However, in a study with an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach, the advantageous elements of the study quadruple because of the bonding relationship that the approach allows for the researchers to develop with their research participants. Furthermore, as a qualitative research approach, IPA gives researchers the best opportunity to understand the innermost deliberation of the ‘lived experiences’ of research participants. As an approach that is ‘participant-oriented’, interpretative phenomenological analysis approach allows the interviewees (research participants) to express themselves and their ‘lived experience’ stories the way they see fit without any distortion and/or prosecution. Therefore, utilizing the IPA approach in a qualitative research study reiterates the fact that its main objective and essence are to explore the ‘lived experiences’ of the research participants and allow them to narrate the research findings through their ‘lived experiences’. As such, this paper discusses the historical background of phenomenology as both a theory and a qualitative research approach, an approach that has transitioned into an interpretative analytical tradition. Furthermore, as a resource tool to novice qualitative researchers, this paper provides a step-by-step comprehensive guide to help prepare and equip researchers with ways to utilize and apply the IPA approach in their qualitative research studies. More importantly, this paper also provides an advanced in-depth analysis and usability application for the IPA approach in a qualitatively conducted research study. As such, this paper completely contrasted itself from many books and articles that are written with the premise of providing useful and in-depth information on the subject-matter (phenomenology, as a qualitative approach).
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Beccaria, Franca. "Drinking styles of the young generations: twenty years' qualitative research." SALUTE E SOCIETÀ, no. 3 (November 2010): 58–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ses2010-su3005-ing.
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The article analyses the complexity of the relationship between young people and alcohol and how this varies over time by using a longitudinal comparison of qualitative studies carried out in Italy. This study highlights the fact that alcoholic drinks remain central in young people's identity-building, which begins at a young age in the long alcohol socialization process within the family context. The young people from the new millennium show more similarities than differences than those from twenty years before, although noticeable is the loss of the transgressive value of drinking in favour of more exploratory and innovative styles.
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Kumwenda, Save, El Hadji A. Niang, Pauline W. Orondo, Pote William, Lateefah Oyinlola, Gedeon N. Bongo, and Bernadette Chiwona. "Challenges facing young African scientists in their research careers: A qualitative exploratory study." Malawi Medical Journal 29, no. 1 (May 3, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/mmj.v29i1.1.
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Lau, Siew Tiang, Emily Ang, Dujeepa D. Samarasekera, and Shefaly Shorey. "Evaluation of an undergraduate nursing entrustable professional activities framework: An exploratory qualitative research." Nurse Education Today 87 (April 2020): 104343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104343.
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Hunter, M. Gordon. "Creating Qualitative Interview Protocols." International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 4, no. 3 (July 2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jskd.2012070101.
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This manuscript describes a technique which facilitates the documentation of research participant stories interpreting their experiences in response to a research question. From a Narrative Inquiry approach interview protocols were developed based upon the exploration of a research question. The technique may be applied when gathering qualitative data in one-on-one interviews. Each interview protocol provided consistency across a number of interviews; but also allowed for flexibility of responses by the research participant within their respective interviews. This document provides a description of a technique which addresses the conundrum of consistency and flexibility. Four different research projects are described in this manuscript. The specific interview protocol is presented and it is shown how the protocol serves to address the project’s research question. This document concludes with a description of how these techniques may be employed, in general, to contribute to the exploratory investigation of a research topic in business and management studies.
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Newman, Isadore, and John H. Hitchcock. "Underlying Agreements Between Quantitative and Qualitative Research." Human Resource Development Review 10, no. 4 (July 14, 2011): 381–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534484311413867.
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A review of the methodological literature describing mixed-methods and quantitative and qualitative research paradigms suggest that though many have rejected the so-called paradigm wars there remains much focus on what is different about each research tradition. This has borne out in practice where professional organizations often have subgroups dedicated to the study of one tradition or another. Indeed, Human Resources Development Review has issued calls for manuscripts that explore this topic. This article examines the idea that there can be times when it is best to think of research as a monolithic paradigm rather than a distinct set of subparadigms. The reason for this is there are a number of common research scenarios where it is best to apply perspectives that might typically be characterized as qualitative as well as ones that are considered to be qualitative in orientation (e.g., using contextual information to make judgments about practical significance). There are other scenarios where the underlying goal of a procedure from, say the quantitative paradigm is similar to that from the qualitative realm (e.g., exploratory factor analyses and thematic analyses). There are of course real differences among the paradigms, but overemphasis on division might obfuscate how to conduct rigorous research. The article closes by encouraging readers to let their research questions dictate methodological approach, in the context of the purpose, rather than building questions around techniques that tend to align with different subparadigms.
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Jeevan, Jagan, Yapa Mahinda Bandara, Nurul Haqimin Mohd Saleh, Abdul Hafaz Ngah, and Rudiah Hanafiah. "A Procedure for Implementing Exploratory Mixed Methods Research into Dry Port Management." Transactions on Maritime Science 8, no. 2 (October 21, 2019): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7225/toms.v08.n02.001.
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Qualitative approach has become the main method of exploring significant dimensions in dry port research.Quantitative approach has also been employed to examine empirical evidence in this research area. The application of mixed methods has been proposed in the dry port research to provide a multidimensional insight into seaport research issues. This paper provides guidance on mixed method application in dry port research and demonstrates that the implementation of mixed methods research is capable of providing comprehensive results by integrating qualitative and quantitative results in a single research. The availability of different dimensions and alternative designs lends this approach wide applicability, facilitating the production of valid and reliable outcomes and ensuring high level of generalizability of dry port research.
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Veiga, Sofia, Ana Bertão, and Vitor Franco. "Sociodrama in the Training of Social Educators: An Exploratory Research." Journal of Psychodrama, Sociometry, and Group Psychotherapy 63, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12926/0731-1273-63.1.47.
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The object of this study is sociodrama as a training method in the Social Education degree. Using a qualitative research methodology, the aim was to understand how this method contributed, over two academic years, to promoting the personal, social, and professional development of students. In the four groups studied, the sociodrama method enables openness to multiple perspectives upon reality, sharing of feelings, and creative search of solutions to solve problems and difficulties, generating conditions toward the development of flexibility and spontaneity essential in professional practice.
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Miranda, Sandra, and Carolina Duarte. "The job search journey of Portuguese Millennials: a qualitative exploratory study." European Journal of Management Studies 25, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejms-10-2020-006.
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Purpose This study aims to research the job search journey of Portuguese Millennials. A job search journey is defined as the contact points between organisations and candidates throughout the job search process and the flow of this journey. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 13 individuals. Findings This paper shows that the contact points established by individuals during the first stage of their job search influence the subsequent contact points chosen to gather information about the organisation and also the journey undertaken up until the decision is made to apply for the job. Originality/value This research intends to contribute to the existing literature in two ways: it proposes a new concept which is designated the job search journey, and it maps out the job search journey of Portuguese Millennials.
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Ottmann, Goetz, and Jenny Crosbie. "Mixed method approaches in open-ended, qualitative, exploratory research involving people with intellectual disabilities." Journal of Intellectual Disabilities 17, no. 3 (June 25, 2013): 182–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744629513494927.
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Mason, Peter, Marcjanna Augustyn, and Arthur Seakhoa-King. "Exploratory study in tourism: designing an initial, qualitative phase of sequenced, mixed methods research." International Journal of Tourism Research 12, no. 5 (December 7, 2009): 432–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jtr.763.
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Carvalho, Lucila, Louise Scott, and Ross Jeffery. "An exploratory study into the use of qualitative research methods in descriptive process modelling." Information and Software Technology 47, no. 2 (February 2005): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2004.06.005.
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Ward, Jason K., Unoma Comer, and Suki Stone. "On Qualifying Qualitative Research: Emerging Perspectives and the “Deer” (Descriptive, Exploratory, Evolutionary, Repeat) Paradigm." Interchange 49, no. 1 (January 17, 2018): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10780-018-9313-x.
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Entwistle, Paul Andrew. "Hypnosis as performance autoethnography in qualitative sociological research." Journal of Organizational Ethnography 9, no. 3 (March 12, 2020): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joe-07-2019-0029.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce to sociologists the concept of dissociative hypnosis and to demonstrate the potential that this discipline has for obtaining or deriving biographical narratives in ethnographic and autoethnographic studies.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents brief comparative histories of the development of hypnosis and of performance autoethnography to highlight the degree of consonance between these apparently, disparate modalities, in their struggle for acceptance and respectability. The intensely introspective, emotional and experiential nature of hypnosis and self-hypnosis narratives is then compared with the personal descriptions and applications of the autoethnographic process as depicted in the sociological literature, to illustrate the parallels between the two modalities. The paper concludes with a review of the potential problems and limitations inherent in using hypnosis as a memory recall modality in sociological research studies.FindingsThis paper argues that the exploratory and revelatory nature of information accrual during dissociative altered-state hypnosis closely resembles that during performance autoethnography, and that hypnosis could therefore be usefully employed as an additional and novel (ethno-) autobiographical tool in sociological and ethnographic research.Originality/valuePerformative autoethnography has now become a firmly established route to obtaining a valid and intensely personal autobiographical history of individuals or groups of individuals. However this is the first publication to propose hypnosis as an alternative approach to deriving ethnographic and autoethnographic biographical narratives.
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Nassè, Dr Théophile Bindeouè. "GENDER, ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND HOUSEHOLD CONFLICTS: A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN A CHRISTIAN MINORITY GEOGRAPHY." International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research 3, no. 2 (March 5, 2021): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v3i2.207.
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The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether gender has an influence on alcohol consumption and household conflicts in the West African geography. The research design complies with the exploratory research one, with a constructivist epistemological posture. It is a qualitative approach and with a triangulation of research tools. The results show that male gender has more influence on alcohol consumption and conflicts than the female gender. However, it is noticed that household conflictual situation involves intergenerational conflicts, intra-gender conflicts and inter-gender conflicts. The findings pratically imply that there should be a segmentation, creativity and innovation in the beverage market in order to meet consumers’core needs and real expectations. There must be a particular marketing segmentation consideration by taking into account the consumer’s gender in term of consumption as well as each gender’s role and responsibilities in the society. The original value of this research is that it is an exploratory research that shows the effects of gender on the relations between alcohol consumption and household conflicts in the West African context. Keywords: Gender, Alcohol consumption, Household conflicts.
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Fondiller, Elaine D., Lois J. Rosage, and Barbara E. Neuhaus. "Values Influencing Clinical Reasoning in Occupational Therapy: An Exploratory Study." Occupational Therapy Journal of Research 10, no. 1 (January 1990): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153944929001000105.
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This exploratory study used qualitative research methods to identify values that influence clinical reasoning in occupational therapy. Through an interview format, selected occupational therapists were asked to respond to a predetermined list of questions about a general case study. The interviews were tape-recorded and a content analysis of the tapes yielded 18 distinct value statements. Implications of the findings and recommendations for further studies are presented. Qualitative research methodology is examined for its utility in occupational therapy.
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Dobrijevic, G., M. Stanisic, and B. Masic. "Sources of negotiation power: An exploratory study." South African Journal of Business Management 42, no. 2 (June 30, 2011): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v42i2.493.
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Power is a very important element of negotiation, because it gives advantage to one party over the other. Various tactics used by negotiators are either aimed at increasing their own power or decreasing the power of the opponent. This paper presents a conceptual analysis and research proposals that build on past research on power and negotiation. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate sources of negotiation power most used among business professionals. We have developed an extensive list of sixteen sources of negotiating power. In this exploratory study we used a qualitative approach based on semi-structured interviews. We chose purposive sampling in order to capture perceptions from different groups of negotiators. The results from thirty-one interviews show that need is the most relied upon source of power in any given situation, followed by perception, credibility, alternative, relationship, intangible factors, authority, material resources, and knowledge/information. Although qualitative research cannot be used to make generalisations about the entire population, this study should help negotiators to focus on the most probable sources of negotiation power and to prepare for negotiations adequately.
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Mortazavi, Seyed Mostafa, Ghohamreza Sharifirad, and Siamak Mohebi. "Identifying Qualitative Factors Affecting the Quality of Clinical Education." Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences 23, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 550–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jams.23.4.6159.1.
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Background and Aim: Training clinical students who learn the theoretical lessons in hospitals in practice will play an important role in improving treatment processes and providing better services to patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the quality of clinical education in hospitals in Saveh City. Methods & Materials: This research is a combination of exploratory studies and exploratory projects. In the qualitative stage, the qualitative method of Grand Strauss and Corbyn 1998 was used to explain the quality of clinical training. Since the students who have taken clinical courses in the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Saveh Hospitals in 1398-1397 are about 200 people and the professors and educators who teach these people are about 20 people, which according to Karajsi and Morgan, the sample size should be 140, of which 20 were interviewed and 120 were filled out with paper and electronic questionnaires. In this study, semi-structured interviews, and a researcher-made questionnaire with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.598 were selected as the data collection method. This research was performed using the qualitative method and using MAZQDA 10 and SPSS 26 software, the items obtained from qualitative research were collected and exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the factors. Ethical Considerations: Considering that this study is one of the research priorities of Saveh School of Medical Sciences, it has a research license letter (No. 24.127. D.99). Results: The results showed that the factors affecting the quality of clinical education include five factors. The first factor is space and facilities, the second factor is the improvement of educational processes, the third factor is educational and managerial deficiencies, the fourth factor is the evaluation of the teacher and the fifth factor is the qualitative improvement of education. Conclusion: According to the quantitative and qualitative results of this study and by interviewing twenty experienced professors and student representatives, the factors affecting the quality of clinical education in Saveh hospitals were identified.
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Patterson, Joanne, and Camilla Dawson. "Critical Appraisal of Qualitative Literature." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 2, no. 13 (January 2017): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/persp2.sig13.122.
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Critical appraisal is central to delivering and implementing evidence-based healthcare. It is important that clinicians are able to evaluate different research methodologies, understand their appropriateness, and ultimately make an assessment as to whether evidence is of sufficient quality to translate into practice. This paper focuses on the critical appraisal of qualitative research. Qualitative research stems from an inductive, exploratory approach, generating new theory from data. It is largely person-centred and concerned with the social world and therefore is an important methodology for dysphagia research. The nature of data collection may include interviews, observations, and document review, leading to rich and detailed information. There are numerous methods of data analysis, but all follow a structured system. Quality appraisal includes an assessment of the reliability, validity, and interpretation of findings. This paper describes ways in which qualitative methodology has been applied to dysphagia and gives examples of published work. Although important contributions to dysphagia research have been made using quantitative methodology, qualitative research has much to offer, especially in understanding its impact on the person, their family, and their environment. Furthermore, it can be used to develop and evaluate service delivery, and inform effective and efficient research processes.
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Taylor, Julia V., Donna M. Gibson, and Abigail H. Conley. "Integrating Yoga into a Comprehensive School Counseling Program: A Qualitative Approach." Professional School Counseling 22, no. 1 (January 2018): 2156759X1985792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156759x19857921.
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Using an exploratory phenomenological qualitative research design, this study investigated the lived experiences of 10 school counselors who integrate yoga into their comprehensive school counseling programs. Analysis of data revealed five significant themes and subsequent subthemes describing the participants’ lived experiences of yoga integration within their school counseling programs. We include implications for research and practice.
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Makri, Chara, and Andy Neely. "Grounded Theory: A Guide for Exploratory Studies in Management Research." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 20 (January 1, 2021): 160940692110136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069211013654.
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Grounded theory was first introduced more than 50 years ago, but researchers are often still uncertain about how to implement it. This is not surprising, considering that even the two pioneers of this qualitative design, Glaser and Strauss, have different views about its approach, and these are just two of multiple variations found in the literature. While studies using grounded theory in management research are becoming more popular, these are often mixed with the case study approach, or they provide contradictory guidelines on how to use it. The aim of this paper is to provide a clear guide for researchers who wish to use grounded theory in exploratory studies in management research. To support this goal, the methodology’s different terms and variations, as found in the literature, are also discussed. This study can support researchers using this methodology, but it is also useful for reviewers and examiners who wish to understand more about it and the different ways in which researchers have implemented it.
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Boivin, Jacquelynne Anne. "The Importance of Qualitative Methods in Mixed Methods Studies." International Journal of Adult Education and Technology 12, no. 2 (April 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaet.2021040101.
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This article presents a thorough review of the literature dedicated to learning more about mixed methods research design. Explanatory sequential mixed methods studies and exploratory sequential mixed methods studies are the two types of mixed methods research design models that this article presents in detail. To contextualize different ideas related to research design, the author provides examples of research studies that exemplify different research designs falling within mixed methods. The main objective of this article is to highlight the important role that qualitative research design plays in mixed methods research. Such a presentation of the literature aims to argue that qualitative data substantiates quantitative data as a means to heighten the regard to which qualitative methodology receives.
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Zapata-Barrero, Ricard, and Evren Yalaz. "Qualitative migration research ethics: a roadmap for migration scholars." Qualitative Research Journal 20, no. 3 (June 23, 2020): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-02-2020-0013.
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PurposeThis article aims to set a roadmap for an ethical programme, which we call “qualitative migration research ethics” (QMRE). It is a scoping review that maps current ethical challenges that migration scholars often face and provide guidance, while acknowledging the fact that many researchers deal with ethical issues on a case-by-case basis.Design/methodology/approachBy connecting three lines of debates – ethics in social sciences, in qualitative research and in migration studies – this article addresses the following core questions: What are the particular ethical dilemmas in qualitative migration research (QMR)? How do migration researchers deal with these ethical dilemmas? What is the role of universal ethical codes of conduct and case-by-case ethical considerations in dealing with particular situations?FindingsThis review demonstrates that special aspects of migration research context, e.g. participants' mobility, potential vulnerability and migration as a politicized issue as well as the flexible and exploratory nature of qualitative research require particular ethical awareness that cannot be sufficiently addressed by standardized guidelines.Originality/valueIt proposes that efforts to raise ethical awareness must go beyond researchers' ethical confessions or blind adherence to pre-fixed guidance. Researchers must have critical “ethical radar” before, during and after their fieldwork; not only while working on extreme and vulnerable cases but also while doing all kind of research regardless of the level of vulnerability. Last but not least, this article claims the need for including critical ethical consciousness substantially in higher education programmes at the very beginning of the research career.
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Castillo Goncalves, Diego. "Distinctive ethical challenges in qualitative research with migrant children." Qualitative Research Journal 20, no. 3 (June 19, 2020): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-10-2019-0076.
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PurposeThis paper describes distinctive ethical challenges encountered in qualitative research with migrant children. It brings attention to how the exploratory nature of qualitative research, intersected with the multifaced realities of migrant children, shapes stances towards these ethical challenges.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is developed through conceptual and reflective contributions. It narrates distinctiveness within ethical challenges via the literature. It then illustrates these, through the author's experiences of negotiating such tensions on a project with a category of migrant children, namely, separated children.FindingsEthical choices are made throughout the research processes. These choices need to be matched to distinctive childhood and migration intersections, and methodological frameworks must reflect these, including when applied to standardised ethical guidelines. Transparency, reflexivity and positionality influence these choices, and researchers have enhanced responsibility to minimise harm in how they research migrant children.Research limitations/implicationsFindings relate to work in development, where sensitivities regarding research conduct are still present. The scope is therefore on particular challenges of dealing with ethical codes and practices. The intention of the author is for this to be a reflective discussion producing paper, but not a practice guide.Originality/valueIts value is centred on taking generalised ethical challenges in qualitative work with children and systematically contextualising these regarding factors specific to migrant children, arguing that the way which migrant children are represented is in itself a key ethical challenge. It further contributes to the body of knowledge by describing procedures of a qualitative study which address some of this distinctiveness.
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Watkins, Karen E., Aliki Nicolaides, and Victoria J. Marsick. "Emerging Action Research Traditions." International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and Technology 7, no. 3 (July 2016): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijavet.2016070107.
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The authors argue here that contemporary use of action research shares the exploratory, inductive nature of many qualitative research approaches—no matter the type of data collected—because the type of research problems studied are set in complex, dynamic, rapidly changing contexts and because action research is undertaken to support social and organizational change that requires buy-in from many stakeholders affected by the research problem. Action research serves as a critique and alternative to more traditional views of social science. In this article, the authors first describe action research as defined by Kurt Lewin, its originator. They show how two variants of action research—Action Science and Collaborative Developmental Action Inquiry—advance insight into how action research can be used to develop personal capability to address system changes that action research seeks to unveil. By using the example of an innovative action research approach to doctoral research, the authors illustrate the context-rich, exploratory nature of action research that both generates knowledge for and in change, and developmentally engages collaborating researchers and participants. They conclude with reflections on criteria for rigor and relevance in action research in today's post-modern, complex world.
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Wheeldon, Johannes, and Jacqueline Faubert. "Framing Experience: Concept Maps, Mind Maps, and Data Collection in Qualitative Research." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 8, no. 3 (September 2009): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/160940690900800307.
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Traditionally, qualitative data collection has focused on observation, interviews, and document or artifact review. Building on earlier work on concept mapping in the social sciences, the authors describe its use in an exploratory pilot study on the perceptions of four Canadians who worked abroad on a criminal justice reform project. Drawing on this study, the authors argue that traditional definitions of concept mapping should be expanded to include more flexible approaches to the collection of graphic representations of experience. In this way, user-generated maps can assist participants to better frame their experience and can help qualitative researchers in the design and development of additional data collection strategies. Whether one calls these data collection tools concept maps or mind maps, for a generation of visually oriented social science researchers they offer a graphic and participant-centric means to ground data within theory.
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Bartlam, Bernadette, Jacqueline Waterfield, Annette Bishop, Melanie A. Holden, Panos Barlas, Khaled M. Ismail, Christine Kettle, and Nadine E. Foster. "The Role of Qualitative Research in Clinical Trial Development: The EASE Back Study." Journal of Mixed Methods Research 12, no. 3 (July 13, 2016): 325–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558689816656740.
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This article outlines the rationale for adopting a mixed methods approach within randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and explores challenges associated in doing so. Taking the example of the EASE Back feasibility and pilot study ( Evaluating Acupuncture and Standard care for pregnant wom En with BACK pain: ISRCTN49955124), we detail why and how we operationalized a concurrent-sequential mixed methods research design. We present key findings from the exploratory research (focus groups and interviews) and explain how these were integrated with descriptive findings (a national survey of physical therapists) in order to inform and refine the design of the explanatory phase (the pilot RCT). We conclude with a discussion of lessons learned and implications for future research design and conduct.
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Clark-Gordon, Cathlin V., Kimberly E. Workman, and Darren L. Linvill. "College Students and Yik Yak: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study." Social Media + Society 3, no. 2 (April 2017): 205630511771569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305117715696.
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This study, employing an exploratory mixed-methods approach, explores college students’ use of Yik Yak, a pseudo-anonymous social media platform that allows users to post short messages and engage primarily with other nearby users. Study 1 qualitatively examined student uses and perceptions of the app through 12 in-depth interviews with Yik Yak users. Study 2 conducted a content analysis of yaks ( N = 3,905) from 24 colleges and universities to gain a better understanding of the content that students post and engage with inside the app. The combination of qualitative and quantitative findings offers insight into the complex phenomena of Yik Yak in a university setting. Limitations and future directions of research are discussed.
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I Putu Hendika Permana and Ni Putu Suci Meinarni. "Ratio Analysis on Tiktok (Social Media) for Qualitative Research Using Explorative Methods." Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis JAGADITHA 8, no. 1 (March 19, 2021): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jj.8.1.2944.30-38.
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Information and communication technology is considered important by users, one of its goals is to seek information and communicate remotely through social media. Social media aims to provide convenience in terms of communicating so that it has an impact on users, either it positive or negative perceptions. Currently, Tiktok social media become most popular application. This research was conducted to find the ratios that will be used to systematically show the performance of the Tiktok account. This study uses an exploratory method to find the variables contained in the Tiktok account. These variables will be compared so as to find the relevant ratios to show the performance of a Tiktok account. The results of this study is that the tiktok account has 7 variables and find then 17 ratios that can be used to assess, measure and compare the credibility of a Tiktok account.
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Mittal, Sheetal, Neena Sondhi, and Deepak Chawla. "Process of Impulse Buying: A Qualitative Exploration." Global Business Review 19, no. 1 (September 25, 2017): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150917713368.
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While emerging markets like India present a highly conducive environment for impulse buying behaviour, they also represent a conundrum due to their cultural and contextual distinctiveness from Western/developed markets. Most existing research in the domain in these markets aims to either (dis)affirm the causal relationships identified in the Western markets or validate the frameworks developed there. This article is an exploratory study that aims to identify the latent factors that restrain, influence or comprise impulse buying process in the Indian context and describes an impulse buying episode in its entirety. This would help to not only highlight similarities or differences from the developed world but, more importantly, also broaden the impulse buying perspective in the emerging markets and allow future research to build upon it empirically.
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Rodríguez, Elsy. "La dirección escolar en Ecuador: breve investigación exploratoria. // School management in Ecuador: brief exploratory research." Ciencia Unemi 10, no. 25 (February 26, 2018): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol10iss25.2017pp79-88p.
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Las investigaciones muestran que una función directiva a través de la práctica del liderazgo es pieza clave para la transformación positiva de los centros escolares. El presente ensayo recoge las percepciones de un grupo de directores, como resultado de una investigación exploratoria que tenía como objetivo identificar, además de describir cómo perciben los directores la tarea de la función directiva en los centros educativos públicos de la Zona 8 de Guayaquil (Ecuador), especialmente los ubicados en contextos complejos, agravados por su problemática social. Esta investigación exploratoria, de tipo cualitativo, permitió recoger datos a través de técnicas como la entrevista en profundidad y grupos de discusión a un equipo nutrido de directores del Distrito 09D08 Monte Sinaí- Pascuales 2. Igualmente, los resultados dan respuesta a los objetivos específicos de esta investigación centrados, entre otros, en identificar el modelo de dirección actual percibido por los directores, transparentado de manera implícita y explicita, el discurso de los informantes. Además, del mismo emergen las funciones y lógicas de acción que ellos desarrollan para responder a las necesidades educativas de los estudiantes. Esto es debido a que una gran parte de su población estudiantil, provienen de familias que se encuentran en riesgo de exclusión social. AbstractResearch shows that a leadership role through the practice of leadership is a key to the positive transformation of schools. This essay reflects the perceptions of a group of principals, as a result of an exploratory investigation that aimed to identify, as well as to describe how the principals perceive the task of the directive function in public schools of Zone 8 of Guayaquil (Ecuador), especially those located in complex contexts, aggravated by their social problems. This qualitative exploratory research allowed the collection of data through techniques such as in-depth interviews and discussion groups to a team of Directors from District 09D08 Monte Sinaí-Pascuales 2. Likewise, the results respond to the specific objectives of this research focused, among others, on identifying the current management model perceived by the directors, implicitly and explicitly transparent, the informants' discourse. In addition, the same functions and logic of action emerge that they develop to respond to the educational needs of students. This is due to a large part of its student population, comes from families that are at risk of social exclusion.
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Nasruddin, Nasruddin, Hesti Umiyati, and Kevin Refano Fadil. "The Optimization Management of Combination Research Methods in Improving the Quality of Writing Research Reports." Aptisi Transactions on Management (ATM) 3, no. 1 (January 3, 2019): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/atm.v3i1.823.
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Management in writing research reports is a crucial activity for a researcher who wants to publish his research results. The research method is a method used to get results and discussion of research. In this study, the research method was used to explain the characteristics of quantitative, combination and qualitative methods with as many as 12 (twelve) points, and literature studies on the definition of 4 (four). The core of this study discusses management of the philosophical foundation of combination research, the characteristics of quantitative, qualitative and combination methods. Then discussed also the definition of combination methods, the nature of the combination method, variations of combination methods, combination research methods models: combination model or sequential explanatory design, combination model or sequential exploratory design, combination model or concurrent triangulation design and model combination method or concurrent embedded design. By doing this research, it is hoped that it can add insight to the authors of research reports regarding the management of combination research methods.
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Kaae, Susanne, Birthe Søndergaard, Lotte Stig Haugbølle, and Janine Morgall Traulsen. "Development of a qualitative exploratory case study research method to explore sustained delivery of cognitive services." Pharmacy World & Science 32, no. 1 (October 13, 2009): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-009-9337-5.
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M. Selveindran, Santhani, Gurusinghe D. N. Samarutilake, David Santiago Vera, Carol Brayne, Christine Hill, Angelos Kolias, Alexis J. Joannides, Peter J. A. Hutchinson, and Andres M. Rubiano. "Prevention of road traffic collisions and associated neurotrauma in Colombia: An exploratory qualitative study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 25, 2021): e0249004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249004.
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Introduction Neurotrauma is an important but preventable cause of death and disability worldwide, with the majority being associated with road traffic collisions (RTCs). The greatest burden is seen in low -and middle- income countries (LMICs) where variations in the environment, infrastructure, population and habits can challenge the success of conventional preventative approaches. It is therefore necessary to understand local perspectives to allow for the development and implementation of context-specific strategies which are effective and sustainable. Methods This study took place in Colombia where qualitative data collection was carried out with ten key informants between October and November 2019. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and explored perceptions on RTCs and neurotrauma, preventative strategies and interventions, and the role of research in prevention. Interview transcripts were analysed by thematic analysis using a framework approach. Results Participants’ confirmed that RTCs are a significant problem in Colombia with neurotrauma as an important outcome. Human and organisational factors were identified as key causes of the high rates of RTCs. Participants described the current local preventative strategies, but were quick to discuss limitations and challenges to their success. Key barriers reported were poor attitudes and knowledge, particularly in the community. Suggestions were provided on ways to improve prevention through better education and awareness, stricter enforcement and new policies on prevention, proper budgeting and resource allocation, as well as through collaboration and changes in attitudes and leadership. Participants identified four key research areas they felt would influence prevention of RTCs and associated neurotrauma: causes of RTCs; consequences and impact of RTCs; public involvement in research; improving prevention. Conclusion RTCs are a major problem in Colombia despite the current preventative strategies and interventions. Findings from this study have a potential to influence policy, practice and research by illustrating different solutions to the challenges surrounding prevention and by highlighting areas for further research.
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Rhodes, Gina, Joshua Bernstein, and Ruth Grendell. "Nurses' drowsy driving prevention strategies: A qualitative exploratory multiple-case study." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 9, no. 6 (March 11, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v9n6p73.
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Objective: To explore the strategies registered and licensed practical nurses implemented to lessen the possibility of driving while drowsy after working nights in hospitals, nursing homes, and home health facilities. A review of literature indicated shift work, circadian rhythm interruptions and multiple stressors such as age, caring for children/aging parents and working multiple jobs may affect drowsy driving. Studies on global drowsy driving and cultural differences may affect international applicability. Further research was needed to better understand drowsy driving best practices, training modalities for health care workers, and developing a multidisciplinary collaboration between management and night-shift workers.Methods: A qualitative, exploratory multiple-case method was utilized. Registered and licensed practical nurses (N = 12) were interviewed.Results: Identified themes including three major themes emerged from the data analysis. 1) Fatigue is a significant challenge that impedes driving home safely. 2) Night nurses experience significant additional stressors relating to caring for family, school, and multiple jobs. 3) Multiple strategies are helpful, but they do not replace the body’s need for sleep. Strategies for managing drowsy driving and anxiety/stress producing issues were offered.Conclusions: Twelve-night shift workers shared the challenges drowsy driving and anxiety/stress producing issues outside of the work-related duties. Health care administrators may use the results to gain insight for training nurses for the night shift to prevent drowsy driving injuries and fatalities. The results of the study may offer a platform for further investigation that may uncover best-practice strategies for health care administrators staffing other types of 24-hour medical care facilities.
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Ferro, Rafael Cunha. "Research Methodology in Gastronomy in the Scientific Field of Tourism." Revista Rosa dos Ventos - Turismo e Hospitalidade 12, no. 3 (September 15, 2020): 463–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/21789061.v12i3p463.
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This exploratory and descriptive paper characterized the methodological procedures adopted in the master's theses produced in the scientific field of tourism with themes focused on gastronomy between 2001 and 2016. For this purpose, 61 theses at the CAPES Thesis Bank were treated employing content analysis from categories based on referential authors. Exploratory and descriptive researches, with a qualitative approach, were the most recurrent. The main research strategies adopted are case studies and ethnography, while the most recurrent techniques for data collection were interviews and document analysis. Many authors did not inform about data analysis techniques. The results agreed with the scientific field of tourism in Brazil, but not with the international scenario. There are no trends of change regarding the methodological procedures, which may indicate that Gastronomy as a tourism research theme does not move towards a maturation stage.
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Baute-Díaz, Nisamar, Desiderio Gutiérrez-Taño, and Ricardo Díaz-Armas. "Interaction and reputation in Airbnb: an exploratory analysis." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 13, no. 4 (December 11, 2019): 370–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-10-2018-0149.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the role of social interaction and reputation when reviewing experiences on the Airbnb platform. Recent studies have suggested that social interaction and aspects related to reputation may encourage positive bias in the case of online ratings and comments.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research method was used. In total, 20 semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with non-professional Airbnb hosts and guests resident on the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands).FindingsFace-to-face interaction between the host and guest could lead to the moderation or omission of negative comments by guests. Reputation is a relevant factor that affects the behaviour of the users on the platform. Users are expected to behave in accordance with certain conventions learned when using the platform.Research limitations/implicationsThe exploratory analysis must be complemented by other quantitative research. The hosts interviewed are not professional hosts.Practical implicationsIt is recommendable for hosts offering average accommodation to pay special attention to welcoming and assisting their guests, with the aim of boosting their reputation on the platform.Originality/valueThis is the first qualitative study to deal with the effect of social interaction and reputation from the point of view of hosts and guests when reviewing experiences on the Airbnb platform.
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Shafiq, A., A. Haque, K. Abdullah, and M. T. Jan. "Beliefs about Islamic advertising: an exploratory study in Malaysia." Journal of Islamic Marketing 8, no. 3 (September 11, 2017): 409–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jima-02-2015-0018.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore people’s beliefs towards Islamic advertising. Design/methodology/approach Being exploratory in nature, this paper applies qualitative method of research by adapting thought elicitation technique of data collection. This method rests in the projective techniques of data collection and is also known as “word association technique”. It allows free thinking of respondents that helps in generating rich data which is most required in qualitative studies. Findings Various beliefs regarding Islamic advertising were extracted and categorized into different dimensions. These dimensions pertained to Islamic advertising’s possibility, nature, characteristics, real-time decisions and potential outcomes. Research limitations/implications Being an exploratory study, the data are collected from a small sample, hence raising generalization issues. Though, the same opens avenue for future research in that these dimensions should be subject to validation via large sample size. Practical implications This research will help in developing a scale to measure attitudes towards Islamic advertising, which the researchers can use to find justification for using Islamic advertising. Such application has great implications for businesses, as Islamic advertising concept stands contrary to the contemporary practices. Social implications With a growing concern for business ethics, this research is an attempt to bring Islamic ethics into advertising practice. This will not only eradicate the ill-effects of contemporary advertising but also provide sound evidence for revising advertising policies. Originality/value It adds to the developing field of Islamic marketing, by being the first attempt of its kind in paving the way for Islamic advertising.
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Hassan, Shahir Akram, and Wan Mohd Khairul Firdaus Wan Khairuldin. "Research Design Based on Fatwa Making Process: An Exploratory Study." International Journal of Higher Education 9, no. 6 (September 30, 2020): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n6p241.
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The Fatwa making process is a process used by an Islamic mufti (A Muslim legal expert) to issue a non-binding opinion or fatwa (judicial pronouncement in Islam) on the point of Islamic sharia law when a question is raised by a mustafti (The person who asks a mufti for a fatwa), the person who has asked for a fatwa. The mufti will issue the fatwa through four fatwa-making stages, which are al-taswir (problem description), al-takyif (adaptation), al-hukm (legal explanation) and al-ifta' (fatwa determination). This process is intended to ensure the fatwa issued is accurate and appropriate. The research design is defined as a logical action plan, and it functions as a planning framework that involves all processes holistically to achieve the objectives of the study. This study explored the appropriateness of the fatwa making process in research design, the purposes, steps, and resources of the research design based on the fatwa-making process and why it is not used to conduct Islamic-related researches. The two main objectives of the study was to identify the fatwa-making process, and to analyse the research design based on the fatwa-making process. In order to achieve these objectives, the qualitative study adopted document analysis and content analysis methods. The research found that the fatwa-making process possessed detailed steps that resembled research design and was more appropriate in conducting Islamic-related research based on the purposes, actions, and resources of research designs based on the fatwa-making process.