Relevant bibliographies by topics / Explosive materials

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Explosive materials'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Explosive materials"

1

Xie, Xing Hua, Xiao Jie Li, Shi Long Yan, Meng Wang, Ming Xu, Zhi Gang Ma, Hui Liu, and Zi Ru Guo. "Low Temperature Explosion for Nanometer Active Materials." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.193.

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This paper describes a new method for prediction of the Chapman–Jouguet detonation parameters of CaHbNcOdLieMnf explosives for mixture of some of low temperature explosion explosives at 0 = 1000 kg/m3. Explosion temperatures of water-gel explosives and explosive formulations are predicted using thermochemistry information. The methodology assumes that the heat of detonation of an explosive compound of products composition H2O–CO2–CO–Li2O–MnO2–Mn2O3 can be approximated as the difference between the heats of formation of the detonation products and that of the explosive, divided by the formula weight of the explosive. For the calculations in which the first set of decomposition products is assumed, predicted temperatures of explosion of water-gel explosives with the product H2O in the gas phase have a deviation of 153.29 K from results with the product H2O in the liquid state. Lithium and manganese oxides have been prepared by the explosion of water-gel explosives of the metal nitrates, M (NO3) x (M = Li, Mn) as oxidizers and glycol as fuels, at relative low temperature. We have also used the Dulong-Petit’s values of the specific heat for liquid phase H2O. Lithium manganese oxide powders with chrysanthemum-like morphology secondary particles, but with smaller primary particles of diameters from 5 to 30 nm and a variety of morphologies were found. The oxides produced by this cheap method affirmed the validity of explosion synthesis of nano-size materials for lithium ion batteries.
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2

Drzewiecki, Jan, Jacek Myszkowski, Andrzej Pytlik, and Mateusz Pytlik. "Testing of Confining Pressure Impacton Explosion Energy of Explosive Materials." Archives of Mining Sciences 62, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amsc-2017-0029.

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Abstract This paper presents the results of testing the explosion effects of two explosive charges placed in an environment with specified values of confining pressure. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of variable environmental conditions on the suitability of particular explosives for their use in the prevention of natural hazards in hard coal mining. The research results will contribute to improving the efficiency of currently adopted technologies of natural hazard prevention and aid in raising the level of occupational safety. To carry out the subject matter measurements, a special test stand was constructed which allows the value of the initial pressure inside the chamber, which constitutes its integral part, to be altered before the detonation of the charge being tested. The obtained characteristics of the pressure changes during the explosion of the analysed charge helped to identify the work (energy) which was produced during the process. The test results are a valuable source of information, opening up new possibilities for the use of explosives, the development of innovative solutions for the construction of explosive charges and their initiation.
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Savaş, Sedat, and Dursun Bakir. "An experimental study on the blast responses of hollow core concrete slabs to contact explosions." Revista de la construcción 21, no. 3 (2022): 587–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/rdlc.21.3.587.

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Measures taken against preventing damages in structures against explosive load are a popular matter of investigation among researchers. Generally, numerous studies were conducted on reinforcement materials for outer surfaces, reinforcement design, and utilizing fibers produced from various materials. In this study, a hollow-core slab was manufactured with concrete, which had a regular strength, and a design that discharged the explosive energy upon contact explosion via the hollow cores of the slabs and prevented the redirection of the explosive energy to the area below the slabs was investigated. Because the hollow-core slab in the study did not have any lateral reinforcement, the utilization of the tensile strength of the concrete proved advantageous. For this purpose, in the experimental tests of the study, contact explosions were conducted on hollow-core slabs with hollow diameters of 14 cm for each core. Before the explosion tests, the TNT equivalent of 910gr explosive was determined by performing the TNT equivalent tests. In the explosion tests of prepared hollow core concrete slabs, 125 gr, 250 gr, 375 gr, and 500 gr dynamites were used as the explosive materials. In conclusion, the explosive loads that the slabs could withstand were calculated and various slabs with distinctive hollow-core diameters were determined depending on the amount of the explosives.
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Mishnev, V. I., A. Y. Plotnikov, Al A. Galimyanov, E. N. Kazarina, An A. Galimyanov, and K. V. Gevalo. "The effect of emulsion explosives on the completeness of the detonation of the borehole charge." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 6/2022 (January 15, 2023): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-6-69-73.

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The input control of explosive materials and the measurement of the detonation rate of the charge are important in the production of explosive work. The detonation rate of the explosive charge, as one of its most important characteristics affecting the quality of the explosion, depends on many factors, the main of which are: the quality of preparation of explosives and their components. Incorrectly selected parameters of drilling and blasting operations and poor quality of preparation of explosives lead to a decrease in the detonation rate up to detonation failures. In turn, detonation failures lead to an increase in material costs and an increase in the risk of negative events related to safety when handling explosive materials. The correct approach to preliminary quality control with the use of appropriate measurements will improve the efficiency and safety of preparing the rock mass for excavation by drilling and blasting. The article presents a technique for measuring the detonation velocity of a borehole charge with the corresponding results and conclusions, allowing timely measures to be taken to maintain the detonation velocity of explosives at the required level.
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MYSLIBORSKYI, V. V., A. L. GANZYUK, and V. A. NETYAGA. "MEASURES OF FIRE AND EXPLOSION SAFETY OF EXPLOSIVES AND TECHNICAL MEANS DURING CARRIAGE OF FORENSIC EXPLOSION TECHNICAL EXAMINATIONS." Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, no. 6 (February 20, 2022): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.281221.54.814.

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Problem statement. Forensic explosive examination - a type of forensic examination, the subject of which is the actual data (circumstances), which are related to determining the group affiliation and a single source of explosive devices as a whole or their fragments (fragments), elements of explosive devices, explosion circumstances are established on the basis of special knowledge in the field of forensic explosives on issues raised for examination. The article is aimed at determining the main factors and causes of fires and explosions during storage, detonation of explosives, as well as provide recommendations for the use of technical means for forensic explosives. The purpose of research. To analyze the main factors and causes of fire and explosion hazard during storage, detonation of explosives, provide recommendations for the use of technical means for judicial explosives, as well as recommendations for storage of explosives. In the course of fire technical examinations and research, the following issues are resolved: where was the source of the fire; the ways in which the flames spread; what is the cause of the fire; whether the Rules of fire safety at the site were violated; whether there is a causal link between the fire and the fire condition of the facility. Conclusions. In the course of explosive examinations and research, the following issues are resolved: what is the subject submitted for research; whether the object submitted for examination is equipped with an explosive; whether the object submitted for research belongs to the category of explosive devices (ammunition); Is the explosive device detonated in this place? If so, what type of device does it belong to (what are its design features, country of manufacture, etc.); whether the objects found at the scene (in the body of the victim) are parts of an explosive device; in what way, improvised or industrial, the explosive device is made; what was the way of undermining, was used in this case; if ammunition is detonated, what type they belong to (grenades, mines, shells, etc.); whether this device can cause an explosion; whether the materials provided to the expert contain data indicating the personality traits of the manufacturer of the explosive device (professional skills, degree of knowledge of the technology of manufacture and use of explosive devices, etc.); or the same design of an improvised explosive device, parts of which were found at the scene, and a model made by a citizen. The analysis of the main factors and causes of danger during storage and detonation of explosives is carried out. Innovative developments of technical means for forensic explosive and fire technical examinations are presented, which have important practical, economic and social significance and significantly reduce the risk factors for injuries or deaths of personnel. Recommendations for the design of explosives storage facilities are provided.
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Xie, Xing Hua, Chun Yang Dai, and Hui Sheng Zhou. ""321" Incident Iron Ions Characteristics and Catalytic Mechanism of Thinking." Advanced Materials Research 1082 (December 2014): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1082.395.

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Compatibilityand safety systems research and production equipment itself explosives mixedvehicle technology between the establishment and development of the explosionmechanism of explosive accidents and prevent the occurrence of accidentalexplosion of explosives to achieve disaster prevention and reduction, to ensurethe safety of personnel and minimize property damage. Research explosives mixedvehicle production equipment commonly used in metal and alloys in aqueousammonium nitrate system compatibility, especially at higher temperatures and avariety of elements, such as the case of explosives from the synergies toaccelerate the reaction conditions, choose good compatibility the materials toimprove the production of mixed explosive nature of car safety, to solve theproduction of explosives explosion problem.
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Fujiwara, Masaharu, Kazuhito Fujiwara, Tetsuyuki Hiroe, and Hidehiro Hata. "A Safe Use of Explosives by Parting into a Small Amount of Powder." Materials Science Forum 566 (November 2007): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.566.219.

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High explosives are useful material to generate great amount of energy in short time. Since controlling their releasing energy is hard, the use of explosive is limited to breaking and crushing the tough structures and processing of bulk materials. However, the reduction of mass of the explosive powders in a process and the arrangement of pellets with constant intervals provide us the safe handling, and then those lead the new utility of the explosion, while there are some difficulties encountered when a small amount of explosive powder is used, such as the initiation regularity of explosives and the protection of mechanical parts from impact damages. In this paper, the successive initiation of small explosive was tested by means of the wire explosion that is generated by the instant release of electric energy from high volt capacitors, and the successful results were obtained under the controlled condition. The damages of surrounding devices were avoided by using of the initiating head of the device that had small chamber isolated from the outer atmospheric environment.
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8

Fawcett, HowardH. "Explosives introduction to reactive and explosive materials." Journal of Hazardous Materials 31, no. 2 (July 1992): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(92)85035-y.

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Lefferts, Merel J., and Martin R. Castell. "Vapour sensing of explosive materials." Analytical Methods 7, no. 21 (2015): 9005–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay02262b.

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The ability to accurately and reliably detect the presence of explosives is critical in many civilian and military environments, and this is often achieved through the sensing of the vapour emitted by the explosive material. This review summarises established and recently developed detection techniques.
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Bayseytov, D. A., A. A. Prikhodko, B. Zh Shirinbekova, B. U. Bayzakova, and E. L. Iovleva. "Chemical Marking of Explosives to Improve the Safety of Blasting Operations." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 2 (February 2023): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-2-48-54.

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The article is devoted to the development of a marking composition for industrial explosives to improve the safety of blasting. Polymethylsiloxane liquids of PMS-10 and PMX-200 grades were chosen as a marker-identifier of industrial explosives, which can be identified even after the explosion by residual fragments of soil or other materials from the epicenter of the explosion. Polymethylsiloxane fluids are very heat-resistant, the combustion process takes place with great difficulty, they are little affected by the aquatic environment, most chemical and physical factors that destroy ordinary organic materials. The experiments were carried out to determine the physicochemical parameters of polymethylsiloxane liquids PMS-10 and PMX-200. Based on these results, the polymethylsiloxane liquid PMX-200 with linear chains was chosen as a marking additive in the composition of explosives. It is able to withstand a higher-temperature effect than the PMS-10 polymethylsigsane fluid, and will be less disintegrate, and interact with the products of the explosion. The SIM-K marker, made on the basis of polymethylsiloxane liquid PMX-200, was developed, which allows to visualize the explosive and determine the required identification information. At the technological plant of Orika-Kazakhstan JSC, without disturbing the technological process, a marking composition was introduced into the ANFO explosive by drop spraying. Field tests of the ANFO explosive with a marking composition based on PMX-200 polymethylsiloxane liquid were carried out. The technology was tested related to introduction of marking additives into the compositions of multicomponent explosives without violating the technological process of their manufacture.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Explosive materials"

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Celik, Bayar Caglar. "Theoretical Investigation Of Tautomeric Equilibria In Certain Explosive Materials." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615630/index.pdf.

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Explosive materials have always been attracting the attention of scientists. Various explosives either in pure bulk form or as admixtures are synthesized and investigated from different points of view. However, because of dangerous character of these materials, their syntheses and properties have to be forecasted by theoretical studies. The new research trends of explosive materials generally include the designs of novel derivatives of well&ndash
known explosives to improve their detonation performances (heats of explosion, detonation velocities and detonation pressures) and thermal stabilities and decrease their sensitivities towards friction, electric spark, shock and impact either experimentally or theoretically. NTO (5&ndash
nitro&ndash
2,4&ndash
dihydro&ndash
3H&ndash
1,2,4&ndash
triazol&ndash
3&ndash
one) and PATO (3&ndash
picrylamino&ndash
1,2,4&ndash
triazole) are very important secondary explosives that take place in the literature for many years in terms of their explosive properties. In this thesis study, new species of these explosives have been designed to enhance their detonation performances (ballistic properties) and to lower their sensitivities and reactivities computationally. Additionally, aromatic nitration reactions and their mechanisms for unprotonated and protonated PATO species have been analyzed. The ab initio quantum chemistry methods, Hartree&ndash
Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory (DFT), have been used in the calculations with Pople basis sets. Novel NTO and PATO tautomeric species have been designed and investigated to enlighten the effects of tautomerism on their quantum chemical properties and detonation performances in the gas phase. Various aromatic nitration mechanisms (carbon and nitrogen mono&ndash
nitration mechanisms) of unprotonated tautomeric PATO species as well as PATO have been designed in gas phase and the reaction states (pre&ndash
transition states, transition states, intermediates and nitration products) have been detected belonging to these mechanisms. Nitrations in solution phase have also been analyzed. The reaction states have been detected for carbon and nitrogen mono&ndash
nitrations of protonated PATO species in the gas phase. The detonation performances of unnitrated and nitrated PATO products have been presented.
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Tsang, Sideny C. N. "Processing and rheological studies of cellulosic materials." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1987. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20456/.

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The present studies are concerned with the modelling of the manufacturing process of nitrocellulose-base propellant in which cellulose acetate is substituted as a model for the explosive nitrocellulose. An investigation of the inter-relationships between processing and rheological and morphological properties has been carried out on cellulose acetate doughs, using modified torque and capillary extrusion rheometers. Some of the doughs show a yield stress and behave as Herschel-Bulkley fluids. The yield stress is found to be smaller than that of nitrocellulose doughs, and there is some evidence of shear heating. Mixing time and mixing temperature showed no influence on the rheological parameters of the doughs. These results suggest that the change in rheological properties of propellant doughs is attributed to the change in crystallinity and fibrosity after processing. The rheological properties of doughs are greatly affected by extrusion temperature, solvent, plasticiser and filler content. The interaction between the solvents and plasticisers with cellulose acetate was explained by adopting a model consisting of a rigid backbone chain from which protruded flexible side groups. In good solvents these side groups extend causing interactions between molecules, giving rise to dough up and elasticity. In poor solvents, dough up becomes difficult and the elasticity is low because the flexible side groups retract towards the stiff backbone chain. The morphology of solvated doughs is examined using solution viscometry, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. All these techniques showed that the solvation process had no significant effect on the molecular architecture of the cellulose acetate, in which the original crystallinity of the material is low. From this it was concluded that changes in the rheological properties of nitrocellulose doughs as a function of the process variables was due to changes induced in the crystallites rather than in the amorphous regions.
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Clevenger, Lawrence Alfred. "Controlled and explosive silicidation of metal/amorphous-silicon multilayer thin films." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14210.

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Wang, Guangyu. "An MD-SPH Coupled Method for the Simulation of Reactive Energetic Materials." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1491559185266293.

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Quihuis, Nicholas R. "Stemming the Flow of Improvised Explosive Device Making Materials through Global Export Control Regimes." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/17444.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
The effects of Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) continue to be felt throughout the world, and especially in battlefields, such as Afghanistan. The United States currently leads the counter-IED effort through various demand side efforts, such as those led by JIEDDO and Project Global Shield. The purpose of this thesis was to determine the feasibility of a new supply-side effort to counter IEDs through global export control similar to the multilateral export control regimes of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and missile technologies. A comparative method was used that utilized the existing regime literature for success and effectiveness, and then measured those regimes against six variables that focused on technology, as well as the organizations, which provided the framework to determine the success and feasibility of a new regime that focuses on lower technology items. The results show that although IEDs continue to be a presence throughout the world, it lacks the grander threat similar to that of WMD technology to make a new regime successful. Further, the results show that IED technology and material are difficult to classify and track, which makes global export control efforts extremely difficult.
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Muñoz, Estrada Vianett Berenice. "Characterization of n-type Bi₂Te₂.₇Se₀.₃ and p-type Bi₀.₅Sb₁.₅Te₃ ternary like semiconductors fabricated by shock-waved (explosive) consolidation." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2007. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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7

Salinas, Soler Yolanda. "Functional hybrid materials for the optical recognition of nitroaromatic explosives involving supramolecular interactions." Doctoral thesis, Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/31663.

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La presente tesis doctoral titulada ¿Materiales funcionales híbridos para el reconocimiento óptico de explosivos nitroaromáticos mediante interacciones supramoleculares¿ se basa en la combinación de principios de Química Supramolecular y de Ciencia de los Materiales para el diseño y desarrollo de nuevos materiales híbridos orgánico-inorgánicos funcionales capaces de detectar explosivos nitroaromáticos en disolución. En primer lugar se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica exhaustiva de todos los sensores ópticos (cromogénicos y fluorogénicos) descritos en la bibliografía y que abarca el periodo desde 1947 hasta 2011. Los resultados de la búsqueda están reflejados en el capítulo 2 de esta tesis. El primer material híbrido preparado está basado en la aplicación de la aproximación de los canales iónicos y, para ello, emplea nanopartículas de sílice funcionalizadas con unidades reactivas y unidades coordinantes (ver capítulo 3). Este soporte inorgánico se funcionaliza con tioles (unidad reactiva) y una poliamina lineal (unidad coordinante) y se estudia el transporte de una escuaridina (colorante) a la superficie de la nanopartícula en presencia de diferentes explosivos. En ausencia de explosivos, la escuaridina (color azul y fluorescencia intensa) es capaz de reaccionar con los tioles anclados en la superficie decolorando la disolución. En presencia de explosivos nitroaromáticos se produce una inhibición de la reacción escuaridinatiol y la suspensión permanece azul. Esta inhibición es debida a la formación de complejos de transferencia de carga entre las poliaminas y los explosivos nitroaromáticos. En la segunda parte de esta tesis doctoral se han preparado materiales híbridos con cavidades biomiméticas basados en el empleo de MCM-41 como soporte inorgánico mesoporoso (ver capítulo 4). Para ello se ha procedido al anclaje de tres fluoróforos (pireno, dansilo y fluoresceína) en el interior de los poros del soporte inorgánico y, posteriormente, se ha hidrofobado el interior de material mediante la reacción de los silanoles superficiales con 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexametildisilazano. Mediante este procedimiento se consiguen cavidades hidrófobas que tienen en su interior los fluoróforos. Estos materiales son fluorescentes cuando se suspenden en acetonitrilo mientras que cuando se añaden explosivos nitroaromáticos a estas suspensiones se observa una desactivación de la emisión muy marcada. Esta desactivación de la emisión es debida a la inclusión de los explosivos nitroaromáticos en la cavidad biomimética y a la interacción de estas moléculas (mediante interacciones de ¿- stacking) con el fluoróforo. Una característica importante de estos materiales híbridos sensores es que pueden ser reutilizados después de la extracción del explosivo de las cavidades hidrofóbicas. En la última parte de esta tesis doctoral se han desarrollado materiales híbridos orgánicoinorgánicos funcionalizados con ¿puertas moleculares¿ que han sido empleados también para detectar explosivos nitroaromáticos (ver capítulo 5). Para la preparación de estos materiales también se ha empleado MCM-41 como soporte inorgánico. En primer lugar, los poros del soporte inorgánico se cargan con un colorante/fluoróforo seleccionado. En una segunda etapa, la superficie externa del material cargado se ha funcionalizado con ciertas moléculas con carácter electrón dador (pireno y ciertos derivados del tetratiafulvaleno). Estas moléculas ricas en electrones forman una monocapa muy densa (debida a las interacciones dipolo-dipolo entre estas especies) alrededor de los poros que inhibe la liberación del colorante. En presencia de explosivos nitroaromáticos se produce la ruptura de la monocapa, debido a interacciones de ¿-stacking con las moléculas ricas en electrones, con la consecuencia de una liberación del colorante atrapado en el interior de los poros observándose una respuesta cromo-fluorogénica
Salinas Soler, Y. (2013). Functional hybrid materials for the optical recognition of nitroaromatic explosives involving supramolecular interactions [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/31663
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Rosencrantz, Stephen D. "Characterization and Modeling Methodology of Polytetrafluoroethylene Based Reactive Materials for the Development of Parametric Models." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1193425334.

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9

Dursun, Hayrettin. "Determination Of The Postexplosion Residues Of Nitro Group Containing Explosives In Soil With Gc-ms And Gc-tea." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12609014/index.pdf.

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There is an increase in bombing assaults in recent years in our country. Determining the explosive material used in these cases by the quick and correct analysis of the evidence obtained after the explosions, is an important starting point for the investigations which are done to reach the perpetrators. The forensic chemistry investigations have to be correct, exact and rapid in order to reach the right criminal. In this study, the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Gas Chromatography-Thermal Energy Analyser (GC-TEA) methods which are being used for the determination of the explosive materials&rsquo
residues used in bombing attacks are optimized with the standard solutions of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazocyclohexane (RDX) and standard mixture solution. The two methods were compared by analysing the postexplosion soil samples. Also an efficient and applicable sample preparation procedure was developed. The results showed that both methods are efficient and sensitive for the postexplosion investigations. It is seen that GC-TEA has lower detection limit and simple chromatograms due to its selectivity against only nitro group containing explosives. However it is concluded that there is a need for a reliable and sensitive method like GC-MS which provides identification and library search, for the determination of the organic components which can not be identified with GC-TEA
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10

Kirchhof, Edemar. "Estimativa de vida útil de explosivo PBX (Plastc Bonded Explosive) no envelhecimento acelerado." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2014. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3135.

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Os materiais energéticos compósitos têm tempo de vida útil dependente de vários fatores que podem reduzir esta estimativa, tais como temperatura, umidade, e a proximidade de outros produtos químicos. Em função de estes materiais serem utilizados como principal matéria prima para a fabricação de propelentes e explosivos, há uma necessidade de conhecer os processos de decomposição destes explosivos e as principais causas que podem influenciar na segurança, no manuseio e na estocagem por longos períodos sem perder as propriedades, as quais foram desenvolvidas. Com o desenvolvimento e fabricação de explosivos e propelentes pela Divisão de Sistemas de Defesa - ASD torna-se evidente a utilização de metodologias que possam ser utilizadas para validar a vida útil destes artefatos bélicos para a segurança do pessoal e das instalações. Neste trabalho foram utilizadas análises térmicas de Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial, Termogravimetria, análise de estabilidade química a vácuo, e testes de descarga eletrostática para verificar as condições do explosivo após a maceração e cura, comparando com os testes realizados após o envelhecimento acelerado, conforme os parâmetros cinéticos obtidos pela técnica de DSC e pelos métodos de Ozawa e método de Kissinger. A energia de ativação apresentou um valor aproximado de 200 KJmol-1, com desvio patrão de 1 % para ambos os lotes, após um período de 12 e 7 anos de envelhecimento natural a 25 C e mais 25 semanas de envelhecimento acelerado a 60 C.
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Books on the topic "Explosive materials"

1

Janssen, Thomas J. Explosive materials: Classification, composition, and properties. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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2

National Academy of Sciences (U.S.). Committee on International Security and Arms Control., ed. Monitoring nuclear weapons and nuclear-explosive materials. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press, 2005.

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United States Sentencing Commission. Firearms and Explosive Materials Working Group. Firearms and Explosive Materials Working Group report. Washington, D.C: U.S. Sentencing Commission, 1990.

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4

Preventing the illegal use of explosive materials: A report to Congress on detecting, tagging, inactivating, and regulating explosive materials. [Washington, D.C.]: Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Office of Enforcement Programs and Services, 2007.

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Stratta, James. Alternatives to open burning/open detonation of energetic materials: A summary of current technologies. [Champaign, IL]: US Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratories, 1995.

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Institute of Makers of Explosives. Handbook for the transportation and distribution of explosive materials. Washington, DC: Institute of Makers of Explosives, 2007.

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National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Marking, Rendering Inert, and Licensing of Explosive Materials., ed. Marking, rendering inert, and licensing of explosive materials: Interim report. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1997.

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D, Sirotenko L., Khanov A. M, and Annin B. D, eds. Svarka vzryvom armirovannykh kompozit͡sionnykh materialov. Novosibirsk: "Nauka," Sibirskoe otd-nie, 1991.

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Explosives, Institute of Makers of. Safety in the transportation storage, handling, and use of explosive materials. Washington, D.C. (1120 Nineteenth St., N.W., Suite 310, Washington 20036-3605): Institute of Makers of Explosives, 2007.

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Institute of Makers of Explosives. Safety Library. Warnings and instructions for consumers in transporting, storing, handling and using explosive materials. Washington, DC: Institute of Makers of Explosives, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Explosive materials"

1

Liu, Jiping. "Explosion Features of Liquid Explosive Materials." In Liquid Explosives, 17–104. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45847-1_2.

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Fox, Malcolm A. "Explosive Articles." In Glossary for the Worldwide Transportation of Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Materials, 69–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11890-0_27.

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Hargather, Michael. "Optical Diagnostics for Characterizing Explosive Performance." In Energetic Materials, 25–41. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315166865-4.

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Klapötke, Thomas M. "TKX-50: A Highly Promising Secondary Explosive." In Materials Research and Applications, 1–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9223-2_1.

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Daruka, Norbert. "Advanced Tools for the Explosive Materials Identification." In Security-Related Advanced Technologies in Critical Infrastructure Protection, 455–69. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2174-3_39.

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Trumel, Hervé, Philippe Lambert, Guillaume Vivier, and Yves Sadou. "Toward Physically-Based Explosive Modeling: Meso-Scale Investigations." In Materials under Extreme Loadings, 179–207. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118622612.ch9.

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Yanhong, Zhao, Liu Haifeng, and Lu Guo. "Equation of State of Explosive Detonation Products." In Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Volume 1, 259–66. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4238-7_33.

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Murr, Lawrence E. "Explosive Welding, Forming, and Powder Consolidation." In Handbook of Materials Structures, Properties, Processing and Performance, 863–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01815-7_50.

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Murr, Lawrence E. "Explosive Welding, Forming, and Powder Consolidation." In Handbook of Materials Structures, Properties, Processing and Performance, 1–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01905-5_50-1.

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Wei, Shizhong, Yan Li, and Jin Hua Zhu. "The Investigation of Microstructure of Pt/Ti Explosive Clad Interface." In Materials Science Forum, 3855–58. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-960-1.3855.

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Conference papers on the topic "Explosive materials"

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Hargather, Michael J., Joshua L. Smith, James Anderson, and Kyle Winter. "Optical Diagnostics for Energetic Materials Research." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67372.

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Optical diagnostics including schlieren, shadowgraphy, and background-oriented schlieren (BOS) are used to visualize shock waves and compressible flow phenomena present in energetic and explosive events. These techniques visualize refractive index variations to obtain a range of qualitative and quantitative information. A one-dimensional explosively-driven shock tube facility is used with schlieren imaging to measure shock wave propagation speeds from explosive-thermite mixtures. The schlieren imaging visualizes turbulent flow structures in the expanding product gas region. An imaging spectrometer is paired with the schlieren imaging to quantify the mixing of the explosive product gases with the ambient environment. Shadowgraphy is applied to image field-scale explosive tests. The shadowgraph images reveal shock waves, fragment motion and speed, and the motion of product gases. BOS is a modern technique for visualizing refractive fields via their distortion of a background pattern. Here the technique is applied to image field-scale explosive events using the ambient background of the test pad. The BOS images clearly show shock wave propagation and reflection from surfaces, which is not clearly visible in the raw high-speed digital images.
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Prakash, Naveen, and Gary D. Seidel. "Coupled Electromechanical Peristatic Simulation of Deformation and Damage Sensing in Granular Materials." In ASME 2016 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2016-9235.

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Energetic materials or explosives are a class of granular composite materials consisting of explosive grains dispersed in a polymer matrix. An accidental low velocity impact during transportation may cause damage in the material, which may lead to weakening and possibly ignition of the material. Traditional SHM methods such external sensors or imaging techniques may not reveal changes in the internal microstructure of the material. It is proposed that dispersing carbon nanotubes in the polymer phase of the explosive material will introduce piezoresistivity by which the health of the material can be monitored in real time. In this work, a coupled electromechanical computational framework is developed to investigate nanocomposites and applied to model deformation and damage sensing in nanocomposite bonded explosive materials.
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Shen, Yaochun, Philip F. Taday, and Michael C. Kemp. "Terahertz spectroscopy of explosive materials." In European Symposium on Optics and Photonics for Defence and Security, edited by Roger Appleby, J. Martyn Chamberlain, and Keith A. Krapels. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.577188.

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Paripovic, Jelena, and Patricia Davies. "Identification of the Dynamic Behavior of Surrogate Explosive Materials." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12755.

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Improvised explosive devices are often made to resemble objects that are a natural part of the environment. It is hypothesized that by understanding the mechanical behavior of the explosive material it may be possible to tune an acoustic excitation to produce signatures that indicate explosives are present in an object. Here the focus is on identification of mechanical material properties and their effect on a system’s dynamic response. Energetic material surrogates were produced by embedding inert crystals within the binder. Swept-sine wave base-excitation tests were conducted to examine repeatability of the material-mass system responses. Compression test data were fitted using a two-term Ogden model but for a massmaterial base-excited system a continuous-time system identification method was used to estimate model parameters. Damping ratios of 0.11 for the 0% (no crystals) material and 0.19 for the 50% (crystal volume fraction) material were estimated. Future work includes examination of models that include a hereditary model of viscoelasticity and nonlinear terms, and experimental investigations at higher forcing levels.
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Fahrenthold, Eric P., and Jie Zhang. "Simulation for Explosive Sensing Materials Design." In 58th AIAA/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-1364.

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Cook, David J., Brian K. Decker, and Mark G. Allen. "Quantitative THz Spectroscopy of Explosive Materials." In Optical Terahertz Science and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/otst.2005.ma6.

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Bardenhagen, S. G., E. N. Harstad, P. J. Maudlin, G. T. Gray, and J. C. Foster. "Viscoelastic models for explosive binder materials." In The tenth American Physical Society topical conference on shock compression of condensed matter. AIP, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.55647.

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Kennedy, James E. "Innovation and Miniaturization in Applications of Explosives." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-5161.

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Explosives represent a readily transported, single-use energy source that can drive materials at a very high local power density. Effects of generated forces may be contained or may act upon a target at a distance. Specific energy release from detonating explosives is, to first order, independent of the size or the confinement of a charge. This enables engineering analysis for design or effects estimation over orders of magnitude in scale. Thus miniaturization of devices or applications is possible down to a scale that corresponds to the minimum charge size that is capable of supporting detonation, and this scale can be smaller than 1 mm. This talk is directed toward those without prior training in or exposure to explosives, to open communication between developers of smart systems and practitioners of explosives. The explosives field is highly interdisciplinary, as is the field of smart systems. The talk describes basic processes of detonation operation and coupling to surroundings, and addresses limitations to the use of explosives for applications. Perhaps the major engineering challenges in miniaturized applications of explosives are emplacement of the explosive in the desired form at the desired location in an assembly, and provision for introduction of external power to bring about initiation of detonation at the desired location or locus within an explosive charge. Initiation sources may be electrical, mechanical or laser-based. Explosive component families that are commercially available and that are innovative and still under development are described.
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Talamadupula, Krishna K., Adarsh K. Chaurasia, and Gary D. Seidel. "2-Scale Hierarchical Multiscale Modeling of Piezoresistive Response in Polymer Nanocomposite Bonded Explosives." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-9111.

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The current work aims to explore the effective piezoresistive response of polymer bonded explosive (PBX) materials where the polymer medium is reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The effective piezoresistive response of these nanocomposite bound polymer explosives (NCBX) is evaluated using micromechanics based 2-scale hierarchical model connecting the CNT-polymer nanocomposite scale (nanoscale) to the explosive grain structure scale (microscale). The binding nanocomposite medium is modeled as electromechanical cohesive zones between adjacent explosive grains which are representative of effective electromechanical response of CNT-polymer nanocomposites. The hierarchical framework developed here is used to explore key features of the NCBX microstructure, e.g. ratio of grain to nanocomposite stiffness, ratio of grain to nanocomposite conductivities etc., and related to the NCBX effective piezoresistive response. The results obtained from the current work show dependence of effective NCBX piezoresistive properties on each of these microstructural features with and without interfacial damage between the explosive grains.
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Zhong, Hua, Albert Redo, Yunqing Chen, and Xi-Cheng Zhang. "THz wave standoff detection of explosive materials." In Defense and Security Symposium, edited by Dwight L. Woolard, R. Jennifer Hwu, Mark J. Rosker, and James O. Jensen. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.665360.

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Reports on the topic "Explosive materials"

1

Bardenhagen, S. G., E. N. Harstad, P. J. Maudlin, G. T. Gray, and J. C. Jr Foster. Viscoelastic models for explosive binder materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/627369.

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Phelan, James M., and Robert Thomas Patton. Sublimation rates of explosive materials : method development and initial results. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/975243.

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Carmack, W. J., and P. B. Hembree. Particle size analysis of prepared solutions and fingerprint deposits of high explosive materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/666025.

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Goods, S. H., T. J. Shepodd, B. E. Mills, and P. Foster. A materials compatibility study in FM-1, a liquid component of a paste extrudable explosive. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10102836.

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Stewart, D. S. Studies of the Mechanics and Combustion of Energetic Materials for the Design of Explosive Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada388241.

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Kaiser, Ralf I. Untangling the Reaction Mechanisms Involved in the Explosive Decomposition of Model Compounds of Energetic Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada617764.

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Landstrom, Billie. Performance Oriented Packaging Testing of PA92 Metal Ammo Container for Packing Group 2 Solid Explosive Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada234871.

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Short, Mark, and Scott Stewart. Analytical Modelling of Ignition of Condensed Energetic Materials, Pulsed Detonation Engines and Miniaturization of Explosive Systems: Final Report. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413447.

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Seetho, I., W. Brown, J. Kallman, H. Martz, and W. White. MicroCT: Automated Analysis of CT Reconstructed Data of Home Made Explosive Materials Using the Matlab MicroCT Analysis GUI. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1037841.

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Agapov, Rebecca, and Mark D. Foster. Understanding Coatings that Protect Plasmonic Structures for Materials Characterization and Detection and Identification of Chemical, Biological and Explosive Agents. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581846.

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