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Journal articles on the topic 'Export cable'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Jaaffar, Amar Hisham, Jegatheesan Rajadurai, Shahrul Suhaimi Ab. Shokor, Zurina Ismail, and Mohd Nur Ruzainy Alwi. "Preventing Accidents from Reoccurring due to Colour Coding Transition in Malaysian Market: a Stakeholder Analysis." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.35 (November 30, 2018): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.35.23116.

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The harmonization of cable colour code for electrical installation with the current international standard is very important for Malaysia to ensure supply cables, reliable quality, and reasonable cable price in the Malaysian market as well increase its cable’s export to all countries around the world. As the new cable colour code will associate with the change of the colour of the cored cable (e.g. black cored cable former neutral and later phase and blue cored cable former phase and later neutral), the adjustment may increase risk of electrical accidents due to confusion in cable colour code in wiring process. Therefore, a proper action and implementation plan is crucial in handling the cable colour changeover in the hope to safeguarding the safety of electrical trade workers as well as the general public in Malaysia. By using stakeholder analysis, this study propose the action and implementation plan which aimed zero electrical accidents during the cable colour code changeover in Malaysian market.
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Pilgrim, James, and Sean Kelly. "Thermal and economic optimisation of windfarm export cable." Journal of Engineering 2019, no. 18 (July 1, 2019): 4991–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.9272.

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Gulski, Jongen, Rakowska, and Siodla. "Offshore Wind Farms On-Site Submarine Cable Testing and Diagnosis with Damped AC." Energies 12, no. 19 (September 27, 2019): 3703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193703.

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: The current power cables IEC standards do not provide adequate recommendations for after-laying testing and diagnosis of offshore export and inter-array power cables. However the standards IEEE 400 and IEEE 400.4 recommend partial discharge monitored testing, e.g., by continuous or damped AC voltages (DAC). Based on the international experiences, as collected in more than 20 years at different power grids, this contribution focuses on the use of DAC for after-laying testing and diagnosis of submarine power cables both the export and inter-array cables. Higher risk of failure, long unavailability, higher repair costs, and maintenance costs imply that advanced quality control is becoming more important. The current state of the existing and drafting international standards are based on onshore experiences and not related to the actual serious problems experienced with failures on export up to 230 kV and inter-array cables up to 66 kV. The application of damped AC as a testing solution in this concern is specially discussed. The advantages of this testing technique, in combination with actual testing examples, show the findings on export and inter-array cables at offshore wind farms.
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Scholz, Janine, Eduard Wiebe, Volker Scheffer, and Christian Becker. "Economic power control for offshore wind farms with loop connection cables." at - Automatisierungstechnik 68, no. 9 (September 25, 2020): 765–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auto-2020-0067.

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AbstractThe Canadian developer and owner of green power facilities Northland Power Inc. owns two offshore wind farms (OWFs) in the German Bight, Deutsche Bucht and Nordsee One, operated by the subsidiary Northland Power Europe GmbH. The company supports and conducts research in the field of power flow optimization in wind farm networks. The work at hand represents the results of this effort to maximize the efficiency of the assets. The project was accomplished within a cooperation between the Nordsee One GmbH and the Institute of Electrical Power and Energy Technology at the Hamburg University of Technology.From an external point of view, an OWF represents an “en bloc” power plant connected to the onshore transmission grid via power export cables. Nevertheless, such a power plant comprises a complex, large-scale internal medium voltage network. In case of failure or cable outage, the network topology of an OWF may be modified and unintended overloading of inter-array cables (IACs) is possible. In order to address this issue, a new algorithm and software tool for economic power control in OWFs are introduced in the following which can be employed in wind farms with integrated loop connection cables (LCCs). This configuration particularly entails the risk of overloading cable segments depending on the present wind speed. The new algorithm provides the operator with adapted active power setpoints for each wind turbine generator (WTG) in a given network topology. The aim is to maximize OWF power generation and minimize internal power losses while secure network operation is guaranteed. Using load flow analysis based on WTG power output measurements, the load on each cable section is monitored and the cables can be utilized to their individual full capacity while overload is avoided. The practicability of the approach is demonstrated by means of simulation results.
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Bonnard, Charles-Henri, Anne Blavette, Salvy Bourguet, and Adrien Charmetant. "Modeling of a wave farm export cable for electro-thermal sizing studies." Renewable Energy 147 (March 2020): 2387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.09.135.

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Hernandez Colin, Maria A., Justin Dix, and James Pilgrim. "Export cable rating optimisation by wind power ramp and thermal risk estimation." IET Renewable Power Generation 15, no. 7 (March 16, 2021): 1564–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.12133.

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7

Mamatsopoulos, Vasileios A., Constantine Michailides, and Efstathios E. Theotokoglou. "An Analysis Tool for the Installation of Submarine Cables in an S-Lay Configuration Including “In and Out of Water” Cable Segments." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 1 (January 16, 2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8010048.

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Today, the offshore oil and gas and wind power industry is a heavily regulated segment, and current standards have established restrictions which yield a very limited weather window for submarine cable installations due to experience with cable failure in bad weather. There are two main limiting factors in current practice during cable installation of an S-lay configuration: the design criterion for the minimum allowable radius of curvature in the touch down point and the avoidance of axial compression in the touch down zone. Accurate assessment of the cable integrity during offshore installation has drawn great attention and is related to the existing available analysis and design tools. The main purpose of this paper is to develop and propose a quick and easy custom-made analysis tool, which is able to export similar results as sophisticated finite element analysis software. The developed tool utilizes analytical equations of a catenary-type submarine structure extended to account for varying cross-sections with different weights and/or stiffnesses, as is the real practice. A comparative study is presented in this paper to evaluate the significance for the modeling of the “out of water” cable segment required for accurate safety factor quantification during a laying operation. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed tool are proven through a validation study comparing the results and the computational effort and time with commercial finite element analysis software. The analysis error in the case of not modeling the “out of water” cable part is significant, especially in shallow water areas, which proves the importance of using the proposed analysis tool.
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Bu, Chang Gen, Bo Long, J. W. Li, and L. Wang. "Fatigue Life Prediction of Spring Buffer in GCD-1500 Cable Drill." Advanced Materials Research 118-120 (June 2010): 820–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.118-120.820.

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Conventionally designed with quasi-static algorithm, buffer springs of impact mechanism eventually have a short fatigue life. By building a rigid-flexible hybrid model of GCD-1500 cable drill, the main fatigue causes of buffer springs are investigated so as to optimize the design of springs attached to impact mechanism. Dynamic simulation is used to export load spectrum of dynamic responses of springs in conditions of “idle impact” and different bore depths. Nominal stress method is employed in nSoft Software to analyze the fatigue of springs. Some crucial conclusions are drawn: the fatigue damage brought by load spectrum of dynamic response is more severe than that brought by quasi-static mono-pulse circulation; as the bore depth is prolonged, the damage of one impact will increase; the damage of “idle impact” is 25 times as serious as that of one impact when bore depth is 70m.
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Ukhanova, Inna. "The current state and prospects of Ukrainian enterprises export activity development on the European market of cable products." Socio-Economic Research Bulletin, no. 3(67) (October 30, 2018): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33987/vsed.3(67).2018.36-42.

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Maxwell, G., R. E. Stanley, and D. C. White. "The Strathspey Field, Block 3/4a, UK North Sea." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 20, no. 1 (2003): 355–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.mem.2003.020.01.30.

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AbstractThe Strathspey Field was the first sub-sea development in the North Sea to be tied back to a third party operator, the Ninian Field now operated by Canadian Natural Resources (CNR). The field was discovered in 1975 by well 3/4-4 and lies wholly within Block 3/4a. The field is a tilted fault block, unconformity trap and consists of two separate reservoirs, a volatile oil and a gas condensate reservoir: the Middle Jurassic, Brent Group and the Lower Jurassic/Upper Triassic, Banks Group respectively. Two 3D seismic surveys cover the field, the most recent being a Vertical Cable Seismic survey recorded in 1996.The Banks Group reservoir is produced under depletion drive by five wells and the Brent Group reservoir by water flooding with 3 water injectors and 6 producing wells. In place volumes are 290 BCF and 90MMSTB for the Banks Group and 120MMSTR in the Brent Group Reservoir. Ultimate recoveries are estimated to be 230BSCF, 22MMBBL and 70MMSTB, 88 BSCF respectively. Oil export is via the Ninian pipeline system to Sullom Voe, while gas export is through the Far North Liquids and Gas System (FLAGS) pipeline system to St Fergus.]
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Haverd, V., M. R. Raupach, P. R. Briggs, S. J. Davis, R. M. Law, C. P. Meyer, G. P. Peters, C. Pickett-Heaps, and B. Sherman. "The Australian terrestrial carbon budget." Biogeosciences 10, no. 2 (February 7, 2013): 851–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-851-2013.

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Abstract. This paper reports a study of the full carbon (C-CO2) budget of the Australian continent, focussing on 1990–2011 in the context of estimates over two centuries. The work is a contribution to the RECCAP (REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes) project, as one of numerous regional studies. In constructing the budget, we estimate the following component carbon fluxes: net primary production (NPP); net ecosystem production (NEP); fire; land use change (LUC); riverine export; dust export; harvest (wood, crop and livestock) and fossil fuel emissions (both territorial and non-territorial). Major biospheric fluxes were derived using BIOS2 (Haverd et al., 2012), a fine-spatial-resolution (0.05°) offline modelling environment in which predictions of CABLE (Wang et al., 2011), a sophisticated land surface model with carbon cycle, are constrained by multiple observation types. The mean NEP reveals that climate variability and rising CO2 contributed 12 ± 24 (1σ error on mean) and 68 ± 15 TgC yr−1, respectively. However these gains were partially offset by fire and LUC (along with other minor fluxes), which caused net losses of 26 ± 4 TgC yr−1 and 18 ± 7 TgC yr−1, respectively. The resultant net biome production (NBP) is 36 ± 29 TgC yr−1, in which the largest contributions to uncertainty are NEP, fire and LUC. This NBP offset fossil fuel emissions (95 ± 6 TgC yr−1) by 38 ± 30%. The interannual variability (IAV) in the Australian carbon budget exceeds Australia's total carbon emissions by fossil fuel combustion and is dominated by IAV in NEP. Territorial fossil fuel emissions are significantly smaller than the rapidly growing fossil fuel exports: in 2009–2010, Australia exported 2.5 times more carbon in fossil fuels than it emitted by burning fossil fuels.
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Izquierdo-Pérez, Jorge, Bruno M. Brentan, Joaquín Izquierdo, Niels-Erik Clausen, Antonio Pegalajar-Jurado, and Nis Ebsen. "Layout Optimization Process to Minimize the Cost of Energy of an Offshore Floating Hybrid Wind–Wave Farm." Processes 8, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8020139.

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Offshore floating hybrid wind and wave energy is a young technology yet to be scaled up. A way to reduce the total costs of the energy production process in order to ensure competitiveness in the sustainable energy market is to maximize the farm’s efficiency. To do so, an energy generation and costs calculation model was developed with the objective of minimizing the technology’s Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of the P80 hybrid wind-wave concept, designed by the company Floating Power Plant A/S. A Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm was then implemented on top of other technical and decision-making processes, taking as decision variables the layout, the offshore substation position, and the export cable choice. The process was applied off the west coast of Ireland in a site of interest for the company, and after a quantitative and qualitative optimization process, a minimized LCOE was obtained. It was then found that lower costs of ~73% can be reached in the short-term, and the room for improvement in the structure’s design and materials was highlighted, with an LCOE reduction potential of up to 32%. The model serves usefully as a preliminary analysis. However, the uncertainty estimate of 11% indicates that further site-specific studies and measurements are essential.
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Druick, Zoe. "The CRTC’s Market-driven De-regulation of Canadian television." Stream: Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication 6, no. 1 (July 12, 2014): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21810/strm.v6i1.83.

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Over the past twenty years, the Canadian television landscape has come to increasingly resemble the market-driven television of the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia, to name only the other major English-language industries. Sports, reality TV, and sci-fi drama dominate, and the public elements of the system are increasingly under siege. How did this happen? A look back over the decisions of the past two decades makes it apparent that Canada’s regulatory agency the CRTC has repeatedly enabled the system we now see. These changes are the direct result of NAFTA (the North American Free Trade Deal, signed in 1994), which drastically altered the cultural industries in Canada and led to an entrepreneurial approach to television. Since then, there has been a concerted shift toward an export-oriented industry, provoking a new emphasis on the global trade of cultural products (Edwardson 2008). In effect, even before the impact of the Internet, as the cable dial expanded, and sponsorship was diluted, production costs were pushed down and new, cheaper formats were created. At the same time, ownership became more consolidated and the telecommunication industry merged with the broadcast industry hoping to cash in on the promises of digital and wireless technologies. The CRTC enabled these shifts with the stated intention of increasing Canadian television’s competitiveness at an international level (CRTC 1999).
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Bakx, Doornenbal, Weesep, Bense, Essink, and Bierkens. "Determining the Relation between Groundwater Flow Velocities and Measured Temperature Differences Using Active Heating-Distributed Temperature Sensing." Water 11, no. 8 (August 5, 2019): 1619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11081619.

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Active Heating-Distributed Temperature Sensing (AH-DTS) has the potential to allow for the measurement of groundwater flow velocities in situ. We placed DTS fiber-optic cables combined with a heating wire in direct contact with aquifer sediments in a laboratory scale groundwater flow simulator. Using this setup, we empirically determined the relationship between ΔT, the temperature difference by constant and uniform heating of the DTS cable and the background temperature of the groundwater system, and horizontal groundwater flow velocity. Second, we simulated the observed temperature response of the system using a plan-view heat transfer flow model to calibrate for the thermal properties of the sediment and to optimize cable setup for sensitivity to variation in groundwater flow velocities. Additionally, we derived an analytical solution based on the heat flow equation that can be used to explicitly calculate flow velocity from measured ΔT for this specific AH-DTS cable setup. We expect that this equation, after calibration for cable constitution, is valid for estimating groundwater flow velocity based on absolute temperature differences measured in field applications using this cable setup.
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Xue, Xiao Feng, Xiao Jie Xue, Yang Li, and Xian Hui Wu. "Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation for Dampers of Inclined Cables." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.350.

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Installing, seismic affections cost and complexity of maintenance are different due to the different mechanical of dampers. With the data collected from experts, this paper calculates the weight of indexes by the method of Delphi firstly, and then evaluates dampers of cables by fuzzy comprehensive method. Conclusions are drawn as follows :(1) Reliability is the most important factor to evaluates dampers;(2) Oil damper and MR damper are weak in reliability, economics and complexity of maintenance compare with other dampers;(3) High damping rubber, viscous damper and friction damper lead the top three of all the dampers. Meaningful references are provided for engineers to select dampers for cables according the character of cable stayed bridges.
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Yalbacheva, Maria. "Geoecological preconditions for the development of wind energy of Iceland." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 1 (2020): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-1-26-343-351.

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Among the sustainable development goals set by the United Nations, one notable is “the production and consumption of low-cost and clean electricity”. One of the worldwide leaders in this field is Iceland, which in an effort to gain energy independence has reached a share of 99 % of the country’s total electricity production from renewable energy sources. At the same time, the share of wind energy resources is only 0.05 %, although the island territory has exceptional wind energy potential. It was not until 2018, that the government approved the realization of a large-scale project of establishing a network of wind farms as a part of a plan to lay a high-voltage cable along the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to export electricity to Europe. However, a comprehensive geographical analysis of promising areas for the location of wind farms has yet to be carried out. In addition, when assessing territories across the world, the parameters usually taken into account are meteorological and economic only. Environmental factors and the degree of impact on nature are often disregarded. Thus, the aim of this work is the assessment of the territory of Iceland for the optimal placement of wind farms based on a set of indicators, including meteorological, geological and geomorphological, socio-economic and environmental parameters. The absence of such a comprehensive analysis for the territories of Iceland determines the relevance of the study. The study resulted in a map, which shows that 10 % of the territory of Iceland is extremely favorable for construction of the network of wind power stations. This will help the government to ensure the economic benefits of selling energy to the UK and continental Europe without harming the environment. What is even more important, the method used to assess the potential of the island’s territories by various environmental parameters (quantitative and qualitative) can be applied not only to Iceland but also to any region of the world.
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Danilovich, Alexey, Victor Potapov, and Sergey Smirnov. "The remote-controlled spectrometric system for searching and characterization of high-level radioactive waste." EPJ Web of Conferences 225 (2020): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022506002.

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In 2003, the work on environmental rehabilitation of the former coastal technical base of the Russian Navy in Gremikha town, with technical and financial support of the State Atomic Energy Corporation “Rosatom” and the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission had begun. In 2017, the task of searching, characterization and packaging in transport containers for export to the long-term storage of high-level waste containing 152Eu was set as part of this program. These wastes were presented as fragments of reactor control and safety system rods of first generation nuclear submarine reactors and were placed in temporary storage containers mixed with other radioactive waste and construction garbage on the territory of the Gremikha branch of the North-West Center “SevRAO”. To accomplish the task, the spectrometric system “Gamma-Pioneer” was developed and made at National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”. The system consist of a collimated spectrometric gamma-ray CdZnTe detector 500 mm3 volume, a dosimeter for continuous measurement of ambient equivalent dose rate at the instrument location and a color video camera with zoom lens. The device is placed in a protective frame and installed as an attachment implements on robot Brokk-90. Communication between the measuring system and the control computer is carried out using USB extender and 100 meters cable. The video camera is connected to the control computer via Ethernet. To search for the most active sources of gamma radiation, an equivalent dose rate calculation program using the results of measured instrumental spectra was developed. The characterization of the extracted fragments was carried out by activity evaluation of the main radionuclides polluting the samples under investigation. The paper describes design and operating principles of the system, as well as methods for the equivalent dose rate calculation and the activity evaluation of the fragments of reactor control and safety system rods based on spectral measurements obtained using the developed radiometric system
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18

Pustovoit, Oleh. "PRICE AND VALUE COMPETITIVENESS OF UKRAINIAN MERCHANDISE EXPORTS." Ekonomìka ì prognozuvannâ 2021, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/eip2021.02.007.

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In economics, "competitiveness" remains a very general concept, and its use in applied research does not allow combining their results and making unambiguous conclusions. This process is also complicated by the fact that the concept is composite and has two components – the price competitiveness and the value competitiveness. The latter can serve as an indicator of qualitative changes in the economy. However, this aspect of competitiveness in developing countries is still disregarded by researchers. Therefore, it is safe to say that today there are no studies, which, with a high level of accuracy, can analyze the value competitiveness of exports in such countries. Economists usually focus their efforts on the analysis of export price competitiveness and one of its main factors, which is the exchange rate of the national currency. However, this approach has limited cognitive capabilities, because the emergence of new centers of global growth, such as China and India is impossible to explain, based only on the high price competitiveness of their exports. The article attempts to solve some accumulated problems in economic science. In particular, based on the results of the analysis of modern definitions of the concept of "competitiveness", the author proposes to expand its content, generalizing the level of conformity of goods (services) to consumer preferences of market participants. This conceptual position is used to deepen the understanding of the basic, value and price competitiveness of products. A method for assessing the dominant role of value (price) competitiveness of exports in ensuring its dynamics has been developed. According to the results of the of methodology, it was found that in Ukraine’s export markets, the cyclical process of alternating growth of value or price competitiveness of this country’s products is mostly interrupted. The reason for this is the high price competitiveness of raw material exports, which is mainly attained due to low wages in the economy. In international markets, value competitiveness is inherent in a relatively small number of product groups of Ukrainian products. These include: insulated wires, cables and other insulated electrical conductors; fiber optic cables; turbojet engines, turboprop and other gas turbines; weapons, ammunition, their parts and accessories; electric heating devices and apparatus; vessels intended for the carriage of persons or goods; tugs and pushers; parts of aircraft; cars for transportation of passengers, cargoes, including self-propelled ones; water steam turbines and other steam turbines; and women's and men's clothing. It is substantiated that from the point of view of finding a new strategy of economic growth for Ukraine, the most urgent issues are not those of intensifying export activities, but those of updating the composition of the largest export commodity groups. Leading positions among them should be occupied by goods with a large share of value added, and increased technological complexity and value competitiveness. The beginning of this process will mean the emergence of new qualitative changes in the economy, and the effectiveness of public policy of economic reform.
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Pérez-Rúa, Juan-Andrés, Kaushik Das, and Nicolaos A. Cutululis. "Optimum sizing of offshore wind farm export cables." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 113 (December 2019): 982–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.06.026.

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NEDOBITKOV, A. I. "EXPERT RESEARCH OF AUTOMOBILE BRASS CABLE LUG WIRE WEIGHT." ПОЖАРОВЗРЫВОБЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ 24, no. 6 (2015): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18322/pvb.2015.25.6.29-36.

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Games, Ken P., and David I. Gordon. "Study of sand wave migration over five years as observed in two windfarm development areas, and the implications for building on moving substrates in the North Sea." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 105, no. 4 (December 2014): 241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691015000110.

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ABSTRACTSand waves are well known indicators of a mobile seabed. What do we expect of these features in terms of migration rates and seabed scour? We discuss these effects on seabed structures, both for the Oil and Gas and the Windfarm Industries, and consider how these impact on turbines and buried cables. Two case studies are presented. The first concerns a windfarm with a five-year gap between the planning survey and a subsequent cable route and environmental assessment survey. This revealed large-scale movements of sand waves, with the displacement of an isolated feature of 155 m in five years. Secondly, another windfarm development involved a re-survey, again over a five-year period, but after the turbines had been installed. This showed movements of sand waves of ∼50 m in five years. Observations of the scour effects on the turbines are discussed. Both sites revealed the presence of barchans. Whilst these have been extensively studied on land, there are few examples of how they behave in the marine environment. The two case studies presented show that mass transport is potentially much greater than expected and that this has implications for choosing turbine locations, the effect of scour, and the impact these sediment movements are likely to have on power cables.
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Utz, Jenifer C., Candice M. Rausch, Laurie Fruth, Megan E. Thomas, and Frank van Breukelen. "Desert Survivors: the design and implementation of a television program to enhance local scientific literacy." Advances in Physiology Education 31, no. 1 (January 2007): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00030.2006.

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Outreach efforts by faculty members are oftentimes limited in scope due to hectic schedules. We developed a program to enhance science literacy in elementary school children that allows experts to reach a tremendous audience while minimizing their time commitment. The foundation of the program is a television series entitled “Desert Survivors.” The episodes air on local cable access television and are available to teachers on DVD. Each episode features a guest expert who spotlights a particular organism and how that organism overcomes the myriad of hardships inherent to desert survival. Local classrooms are visited to solicit questions from students regarding the organism of interest. These videotaped questions are integrated into Desert Survivors television production and provide the guest expert with the basis to discuss the ecology, physiology, and evolutionary biology of the organism. The program is bolstered through the use of an interactive website. Assessment strategies are in place to ensure program efficacy. Herein, we describe the development of the program as a model for innovative outreach opportunities.
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King, Michael T., Stephen Lenser, Derek Rogers, and Heather Carnahan. "Helicopter Hoist Performance in Novice and Experienced Hoist Operators." Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 91, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 496–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/amhp.5516.2020.

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BACKGROUND: Helicopter hoist operators are highly skilled and critical crewmembers in search and rescue. However, hoist operator training programs are relatively underdeveloped in comparison to helicopter pilot training. It is critical that this simulator teaches the necessary skills for high-level performance given the dangers associated with helicopter hoist operation. As a result, we sought to validate and identify critical aspects of skilled hoisting.METHODS: Through expert consultation, we identified several measures of hoist operation, such as mission time, cable plumb, cable tension, cable hand position, and cable displacement. We compared hoist performance between experienced and novice hoist operators in a simulated hoisting mission with two levels of difficulty (with and without wind). The experienced group (eight men/one woman) was composed of nine active or former military hoist operators who were working in commercial search and rescue. The novice group was composed of seven subjects (two men/five women) from the general population and had no previous experience with hoisting operations or the simulator.RESULTS: We found that experienced hoist operators had faster mission time, similar cable plumb, lower tension, and less variable hand position. Further, experienced hoist operators pulled the cable inward in the wind while novice hoist operators pushed the cable away.DISCUSSION: These findings suggests that this simulator captures performance differences between skill levels and, as a result, is a first step supporting the use of this simulator for hoist operator training.King MT, Lenser S, Rogers D, Carnahan H. Helicopter hoist performance in novice and experienced hoist operators. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(6):496–500.
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Asari, Masahiro, Shinichi Iwamoto, Tatsuki Okamoto, and Hiromasu Fukagawa. "An expert system for XPLE cable deterioration diagnosis and life forecasting." Electrical Engineering in Japan 112, no. 1 (1992): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391120103.

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Kurniawan, Helmi, and Iwan Fitrianto Rahmad. "PERANCANGAN SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENDETEKSI PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN CABE DENGAN METODE CERTAINTY FACTOR." CCIT Journal 5, no. 2 (January 6, 2012): 186–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/ccit.v5i2.150.

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The Chilli in scientific language called Capsium annuum is not native to Indonesia, but came from the Americas, to be precise and South America Central America and Mexico. Quite a lot of chilli plants cultivated in Indonesia, especially in the land - the land of paddy fields and land - dry land that gets enough sunlight. In general, chilli plants grown as crops. Chilli and cultural communities, especially communities Medan Indonesia can hardly be separated, especially in cooking. Unlike the people - Europeans, Americans, and several Asian countries who prefer spicy pepper, Indonesian people especially people prefer spicy chili field. Virtually all the serving dishes found in cuisines that contain chilli although only slightly. Community needs for chili plants increases, along with the increasing growth of the community and increased social welfare. Although the need for chili plants increased, but not accompanied by increased production. As for the cause it can happen because ofpests, plant diseases, and less extension of the government. Artificial intelligence or artificial intelligence is a part of computer science that make the machine (computer) can do the job and as good as that done by humans. Intelligent systems (intelligent system) system wasbuilt using artificial intelligence techniques. One studied in artificial intelligence is the theory of certainty by using the theory of Certainty Factor (CF). Expert System (Expert System) is a knowledge-based programs that provide quality solutions to problems-problems of experts in a specific domain. Expert systems are computer programs that mimic the thought process and expert knowledge in solving a specific problem.
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Lv, ChongWei, YongXiang Zhao, JunGuo Wang, and ZhiWei Liu. "Frame Work on an Injection Molding Rejuvenation Technique for Cable Insulation Failure." E3S Web of Conferences 235 (2021): 01046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123501046.

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Rejuvenation technique on cable insulation failures is a hot topic in improving production benefits for electric related enterprises. Breaking the traditional thought of repair action without extensive former damage in scale of the cable insulation, the proposed technique starts from the local standard geometry elimination on insulation or sheaths around cable insulation failure section(s). And then, one standard injection molding technique is applied for rejuvenation on eliminated insulation no matter of the failure resulting from water tree or local mechanical damage or other modes. By this advancement, an injection molding technique is perfectly developed for rejuvenation on cable insulation failure. Frame work on this technigue is hear introduced and it consists of three branches including injection molding material development, standard injection plastic molding technique, and coded quality approval regularities. Realizability and reliability of the present technigue have been verified by sampling testing to expect to be wide applied in production.
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Sibuea, Petrus, Jijon Raphita Sagala, and Asaziduhu Gea. "Penerapan Sistem Pakar Untuk Pengecekan Kerusakan CCTV Dengan Metode Certainty Factor." JURNAL ARMADA INFORMATIKA 2, no. 2 (December 18, 2018): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36520/jai.v2i2.29.

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Abstrak Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tentang sistem pakar yang dirancang untuk membantu atau mempermudah kinerja teknisi maupun costumer. Sistem ini dapat melakukan pengecekan ataupun mendiagnosa kerusakan pada CCTV. Sistem pakar yang dibangun ini mampu mendeteksi 14 jenis kerusakan yang terdapat pada CCTV. kerusakan yang dapat dilakukan untuk pengecekan antara lain chipset VGA/HDMI DVR rusak, tampilan chanel bercahaya terang, kabel HDMI/VGA terputus, adaptor camera mati, hardisk error, dvr mati, kabel putus atau rusak, connector bnc longgar, connector power rusak, adaptor kurang voltase, kabel CCTV induksi listrik, lensa camera kotor, infraret kamera rusak, listrik tidak stabil. Hasil pengecekan kerusakan CCTV adalah berupa jenis kerusakan, nilai persentase kerusakan, jenis gejala, beserta solusi yang ditawarkan oleh sistem pakar. Sistem pakar ini menerapkan atau mengaplikasikan metode certainty factor pada proses perhitungannya. Metode certainty factor merupakan salah satu metode yang terdapat pada sistem pakar yang dapat menghitung atau mengolah nilai-nilai probabilitas setiap gejala, yang dihitung menggunakan rumus certainty factor sehingga menghasilkan kesimpulan berupa jenis kerusakan dan nilai persentase dari setiap gejala yang ada pada CCTV. Kata Kunci: sistem pakar, kerusakan cctv, hikvision, certainty factor Abstract This study is a research on expert systems designed to help or facilitate the performance of technicians and customers. This system can check or diagnose damage to CCTV. This expert system that is built is able to detect 14 types of damage found on CCTV. damage that can be done to check include VGA / HDMI DVR chipset broken, bright luminous channel display, HDMI / VGA cable disconnected, camera adapter off, hard drive error, DVR dead, cable broken or damaged, BNC connector loose, power connector broken, adapter less voltage, CCTV cable electric induction, dirty camera lens, infraret camera is damaged, electricity is unstable. The result of CCTV damage checking is in the form of type of damage, percentage damage value, type of symptom, along with solutions offered by expert systems. This expert system applies or applies the certainty factor method to the calculation process. The method of certainty factor is one of the methods found in the expert system that can calculate or process the probability values ​​of each symptom, which is calculated using the certainty factor formula to produce a conclusion of the type of damage and the percentage value of each symptom that is on CCTV. Keywords: expert system, cctv damagee, hikvision, certainty factor
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Azis, Rosdiani, and Bayu S. Sinadia. "PENGERINGAN CABAI DENGAN SISTEM KONTROL FUZZY-EXPERT PADA ALAT BERTENAGA HIBRIDA SURYA DAN GAS MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM KONTROL FUZZY EXPERT." Jurnal Technopreneur (JTech) 8, no. 2 (November 24, 2020): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30869/jtech.v8i2.622.

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Cabai merah secara fisologis setelah dipanen masih mengalami proses metabolisme dikarenakan adanya kandungan air yang tinggi sehingga hal ini yang memicu komoditi ini mudah mengalami kerusakan, Salah satu proses pengawetan yang sering dilakukan pada cabe adalah dengan pengeringan. Proses pengeringan adalah merupakan perlakuan untuk menghilangkan kadar air pada produk pangan, kondisi ini dapat menggunakan alat pengering ataupun dapat menggunakan pengering alami berupa sinar matahari. Hibrid energi yaitu menggunakan dua atau lebih sumber energi untuk menggerakkan sebuah mesin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan adapun hasil pengeringan cabe adalah terjadi penurunan kadar air dan karakteristik fisik pada cabai dengan menggunkan alata pengering Pada pengujian ini, pengamatan diutamakan pada penurunan kadar air yang dicapai dan penggunaan energi selama pengeringan dan penurunan kadar air dinyatakan dalam kadar air basis kering (%), penggunaan energi merupakan banyaknya gas yang terpakai selama proses pengeringan hingga bahan mencapai kadar air yang konstan dan karakteristik fisik pada cabai yang telah dikeringkan Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan adapun hasil pengeringan cabe adalah terjadi penurunan kadar air dan karakteristik fisik pada cabai dengan menggunkan alata pengering. Hasil Terjadi penurunan Kadar air awal 79% turun menjadi 10, Selama proses pengeringan penggunaan LPG saat mesin beroperasi tanpa hibrid yaitu 2,14 kg dan 1,26 kg pada kondisi hibrid. Oleh karena itu penerapan sistem kontrol fuzzy expert dengan sistem hibrid terbukti mampu menghemat penggunaan LPG selama proses pengeringan. Dan Warna cabai menjadi lebih pucat dan berat cabai mengalami penurunan
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Koga, Hiroaki, Tetsuji Abe, Kazutoki Takeda, Akira Hayashi, and Yutaka Mitsunaga. "Study of fault-location expert systems for paired cables." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 74, no. 10 (October 1991): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410741006.

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Zhigalov, I. E., and O. I. Monogarov. "The Expert Diagnostic System of the Reasons for Dangerous Microdefects in Cable Insulation." Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Ser. Computer Technologies, Automatic Control & Radioelectronics 20, no. 1 (2020): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/ctcr200105.

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Kaur, Gurpreet, Derminder Singh, and Rajan Aggarwal. "Geographical Information Based Expert System to Estimate Submersible Pump System Specifications." Oriental journal of computer science and technology 10, no. 2 (June 7, 2017): 497–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojcst/10.02.34.

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During past two decades, groundwater utilization has increased tremendously in the state of Punjab (India) particularly for agriculture purposes. Higher energy demand for lifting water is a result of decline in water table. Punjab is presently facing water crises which exasperate monetary conditions of small farmers, abrogate the natural value and unfavorably influence farming generation and economy of the state.In this research, an expert system was developed using Java Standard Edition 7 which provide appropriate selection of submersible pump set and required associated components such as power cable rating and size, generator capacity, ammeter rating, voltmeter rating, capacitor rating and Polyvinyl Chloride pipe diameter based on the spatial information of last 18 years (1998-2015) of ground water table for the state of Punjab. The developed system will be beneficial for the farmer’s in estimation of the required submersible pumping system and allied electrical components.
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Monedero, Iñigo, Carlos León, Robert Denda, and Joaquín Luque. "Datacab: a geographical-information-system-based expert system for the design of cable networks." Expert Systems 25, no. 4 (September 2008): 335–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2008.00445.x.

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Hedayati, Mohammad Reza. "Sub-sea fiber optic cable maintenance using a ROV-based flux leakage expert system." Artificial Life and Robotics 14, no. 4 (December 2009): 511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10015-009-0724-8.

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34

Yin, Zi Hong, Bo Yu, and Jing Lin. "Security Risk Evaluation on Long Span Bridge Structure Based on Grey Fuzzy Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 433-435 (October 2013): 1005–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.433-435.1005.

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In order to evaluate security risks of long span bridge structure more scientifically and accurately. According to the principles of scientific, integrity, this paper applies grey-fuzzy theory to divide the security risk factors of long span bridge structure into quality cable, tower concrete foundations, weld cracks, expansion joints, and bridge deck pavement condition five types. First, according to the evaluation rules, use expert scoring method to score the individual evaluation index of long span bridge structure, fraction is in 0~100.Analyze the expert scoring by using grey theory, substitute the score into albino function, calculate grey statistics, and form weight matrix. This method can be used for comprehensive evaluation of security risks assessment of long span bridge structure.
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Su, Da Zhen, Xiao Qiang Yang, Jun Yan, and Xiao Long Wang. "Design of Fire-Control System Fault Detection Instrument Based on Embedded Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 80-81 (July 2011): 611–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.80-81.611.

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In order to overcome the difficulty of fault detection and clearing in the use and maintenance of a type of rocket mine-sweeping vehicle, the operation principle of fire-control system, the fault characteristics, fault parameters and fault distribution are studied. Furthermore, the fault detection instrument based on embedded system is developed. It consists of hardware and software. The hardware includes of embedded micro-controller STC5A60S2, keyword and highlight LED I/O, LCD, memory circuit, connector-adapter and dedicated connection cable. The dual CPU cooperative technology is also used in the hardware platform. The application software is developed with expert system principle, it runs in two modes of simplified and expert mode. In simple working mode, fire-control fault detection and substitute are performed. However, in expert mode, all the function of system testing, system substitute, fault-clear wizard and parameter management is accomplished. Meanwhile the state machine programming technology is introduced in the software. The instrument brings new ideas how to deduce expert repair in the field, and it has practical value.
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36

Kaneko, Kiyoji, Yasushi Sugeno, and Motoyuki Ono. "Expert Systems on Insulation Diagnosis of XLPE Cables by Fuzzy Inference." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 111, no. 6 (1991): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms1990.111.6_539.

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37

Willoughby, Keith, and Christopher Zappe. "Using decision analysis to explore cable television delivery." Journal of Modelling in Management 12, no. 2 (May 8, 2017): 291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jm2-07-2015-0046.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the efficacy of decision analysis in determining the most efficient strategy for installing cable television in the residence halls of Bucknell University. Design/methodology/approach The decision analysis model compared five distinct approaches for achieving and maintaining a successful delivery of cable television service to students enrolled in this private, residential institution. For each alternative, the model incorporated installation costs, likelihood of installation failure, installation failure costs, likelihood of obsolescence and obsolescence-related costs. In addition to considering the trade-offs between cost, timing and riskiness of the various alternatives, a thorough set of sensitivity analyses was performed to gain insight into the parameters that most strongly influence this decision-making process. Findings The quantitative model advocated the adoption of the university’s data network as the mode for cable delivery. Sensitivity analysis further supported this notion. Practical implications The analysis of this problem incorporated the knowledge and judgments of senior administrators and staff members, thus demonstrating the critical contributions offered by subject-matter experts in advising, informing and launching successful decision analysis projects. Incorporating stakeholder viewpoints enhances model understanding and, eventually, model implementation. Decision analysis represents a powerful approach in communicating uncertainties and advising on the benefits of particular alternatives. Originality/value To the best of the researchers’ knowledge, this paper represents an initial attempt to investigate cable delivery options within a decision analysis framework.
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Gustavsen, Bjorn, and Olve Mo. "Variable Transmission Voltage for Loss Minimization in Long Offshore Wind Farm AC Export Cables." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 32, no. 3 (June 2017): 1422–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2016.2581879.

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39

Reid, Leonard N., and Karen Whitehill King. "A Demand-Side View of Media Substitutability in National Advertising: A Study of Advertiser Opinions about Traditional Media Options." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 77, no. 2 (June 2000): 292–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769900007700205.

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Intermedia battles for advertising dollars are waged on the assumption that mass media are interchangeable in media schedules. However, there are both practical and empirical reasons to suspect that media are not seen as completely interchangeable by advertising experts. This study utilized survey and interviewing methods to examine top-level advertising managers' opinions of the substitutability of seven media options within the context of national advertising planning. Examination of the media substitutability assumption among these experts provides a buyer-side (demand) perspective called for in the literature. Contrary to expectations of little, if any, perceived substitutability among the media options, a degree of interchangeability was found. When the question of substitution arises in national advertising media planning, it would appear national advertising managers put traditional media in certain perceptual boxes. For example, cable TV was considered replaceable with broadcast TV and magazines with newspapers. Radio was perceived as a reasonable replacement not only for TV, but also for newspapers and billboards as well. Cable TV was judged an acceptable substitute for broadcast TV, radio, and magazines whereas newspapers were seen as a reasonable substitute for magazines and radio. Practical and research implications of the results are discussed.
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Asari, Masahiro, Shinich Iwamoto, Tatsuki Okamoto, and Hiromasa Fukagawa. "An Expert System for Diagnosing Deteriorations and Forecasting Lifes of XLPE Cables." IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 110, no. 4 (1990): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejpes1990.110.4_277.

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41

Kaneko, Kiyoji, Shohachiro Nakanishi, and Hideyuki Tabei. "Expert Systems on Insulation Diagnosis of CV Cables by Fuzzy Set Theory." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 109, no. 11 (1989): 504–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms1972.109.504.

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42

Kuan, K. K., and K. Warwick. "Real-time expert system for fault location on voltage underground distribution cables." IEE Proceedings C Generation, Transmission and Distribution 139, no. 3 (1992): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-c.1992.0036.

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43

Kushnirenko, Оksana, and Oleksandr Deineko. "The adoption of the АСАА in the interests of Ukrainian producers and public safety." University Economic Bulletin, no. 45 (May 27, 2020): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2020-45-84-92.

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Relevance of the research topic. Identification of the features of negative influence on the further development of Ukrainian production of cable and wire products, namely, the growth of imports of low-quality products and saturation of the market with counterfeit products, which leads to a decrease in production volumes, a reduction in productioncapacities, and profit losses for most Ukrainian manufacturers. In addition, the inefficiency of technical regulation programs leads to threats the security of the society: the use of counterfeit products is one of the causes of fires, which leads to loss of life, as well as economic losses. All this strengthens the importance of creating an effective system of state control in the domestic market of cable and wire products. One of the most effective ways is to improve technical regulation is through adopting the Agreement on Conformity and Acceptance of Industrial Products (ACAA). Formulation of the problem. Dangerous threats associated with the rapid growth of imports of counterfeit products in an increasingly open and competitive economy require increased state control in the domestic market, to ensure compliance with product quality and safety standards. Creating favorable conditions for the adaptation of Ukrainian manufacturers to the introduction ofhigh quality standards in accordance with EU requirements will help bridge technological gaps and ensure security in the domestic market. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Faced with the increasing impact of threatening challenges on the development of cable and wire products, the problem of substantiating the directions of improving state control over the quality and safety of industrial products in the domestic market and promoting the adaptation of Ukrainian manufacturers to standards remains insufficiently studied. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The purpose of the paper is to develop tools aimed at accelerating the adaptation of Ukrainian manufacturers to new high standards of quality and safety of cable and wire products, namely the development of recommendations for improving market surveillance, compliance with horizontal (frame) and vertical (industry) legislation in industrial sectors (cable production -conductor products), which allows to accelerate the process of concluding an ACAA agreement and will provide favorable conditions for the development of Ukraine industry. Method or methodology for conducting research. The authors used the following special research methods: statistical comparisons, groupings, samples (to identify trends in the cable-conductor market); structural and functional analysis (to identify problems impeding the successful integration of Ukrainian producers into the world trading space), expert assessments. The recommendations on directions and instruments of industrial policy are developed using the generalization of domestic and international experience according to new challenges of industrial development of Ukraine. The field of application of results. The results of this study can be applied to industrial policy-making for effective industrial stimulus measures of Ukrainian industry. Conclusions. It has been proved that in order to create favorable conditions for satisfying the needs of the domestic market for cable products and ensuring public safety, the implementation of such measures is paramount: the development of rules for the safe functioning of energy non-industrial products; the introduction of reliable control in the electrical market using the appropriate registers of manufacturers, suppliers and sellers of dangerous checkpoints and the improvement of the technical regulation system, including the introduction of a reliable control system and measures to prevent the entry of poor-quality cable and wire products across the Ukrainian border.
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44

Butova, O., O. Klevtsov, O. Pecherytsia, S. Trubchaninov, and M. Yastrebenetsky. "Analysis of Operational Events Caused by Faults of NPP Digital Instrumentation and Control Systems." Nuclear and Radiation Safety, no. 2(82) (June 6, 2019): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32918/nrs.2019.2(82).09.

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The paper presents the analysis of operational events at nuclear power plants (NPPs) of Ukraine caused by failures and defects of the instrumentation and control systems (I&C systems). The effort contains statistical information about the number and the share of operational events at Ukrainian NPPs due to incorrect performance of analog and digital I&C systems in the general amount of events. The categories of these events according to the international and national classifications have been considered. The paper provides for the brief overview of the recently published EC Joint Research Center Technical Report on digital I&C systems at NPPs of foreign countries based on the information from IAEA and U.S. NRC databases. There are causes of operational events due to defects of the specified systems and main recommendations on their prevention. Using the approach similar to the one in the Technical Report, the paper presents the detailed analysis of direct and root causes, as well as correction measures for the operational events at Ukrainian NPPs from 2013 to 2018 caused by digital I&C systems. The experts considered separately four groups of events due to defects of components in the peripheral part of the digital I&C systems (sensors, actuators), central part of digital I&C systems (software and hardware), cable lines and electronic components of analog I&C systems (built-in components). There is an additional analysis of root causes of events related to digital I&C systems by the types of systems and lifecycle stages (design, mounting, operation) and main sources of occurrences within the systems (software, hardware, cables, etc.).
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45

Mansfield, John F., Andy Adamson, and Kevin Coffman. "Development of a System to Provide Full, Real-time Remote Control of a Scanning Electron Microscope across the Second Generation Internet: The Teaching SEM." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, no. 1 (January 2000): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600000064.

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The development and makeup of a real-time full remote control system for the University of Michigan, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Teaching SEM is described. The instrument was initially controlled via the campus local area Ethernet network and cable TV network. The latest implementation employs Fast Ethernet, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks, and moving picture experts group (MPEG) video encoding to effect the remote control via the computer network alone. Remote control demonstrations from Washington, DC, Dearborn, MI, and Emerson School, Ann Arbor, MI are described.
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Mansfield, John F., Andy Adamson, and Kevin Coffman. "Development of a System to Provide Full, Real-time Remote Control of a Scanning Electron Microscope across the Second Generation Internet: The Teaching SEM." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, no. 1 (January 2000): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100059910003.

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Abstract The development and makeup of a real-time full remote control system for the University of Michigan, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Teaching SEM is described. The instrument was initially controlled via the campus local area Ethernet network and cable TV network. The latest implementation employs Fast Ethernet, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks, and moving picture experts group (MPEG) video encoding to effect the remote control via the computer network alone. Remote control demonstrations from Washington, DC, Dearborn, MI, and Emerson School, Ann Arbor, MI are described.
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47

Cardinal, Paul G. "An Expert System for Computer Generation of Cable, Conduit, and Tray Schedules for Industrial Power and Control Systems." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 31, no. 1 (January 1995): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.363025.

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48

Venglar, Michal, Milan Sokol, Rudolf Aroch, and Jan Budaj. "Initial Experimental Test of the Port Bridge for Structural Health Monitoring." Applied Mechanics and Materials 837 (June 2016): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.837.135.

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The Port Bridge across Danube in Bratislava is about 461 m long with 4 spans. The bridge was designed for both a highway and simultaneously for two railway tracks. Nowadays the construction is overloaded and that is why the structural health monitoring of the bridge is being developed. The test setup consists of two measuring polygons. This setup needed an original LabVIEW program, which has been developed in cooperation with experts – electrical engineers and experts on structural mechanics. Main problem was to achieve a synchronization of both measuring polygons connected by Wi-Fi antennas. Except of software difficulties there were complications during in-situ measurement, like cable connection between highway and railway level and especially the time synchronization of the traffic video and measurement. The measurement has been done and some eigenmodes have been identified from ambient data.
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49

Zhan, Zhongwen. "Distributed Acoustic Sensing Turns Fiber‐Optic Cables into Sensitive Seismic Antennas." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 1 (December 4, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220190112.

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Abstract Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is a new, relatively inexpensive technology that is rapidly demonstrating its promise for recording earthquake waves and other seismic signals in a wide range of research and public safety arenas. It should significantly augment present seismic networks. For several important applications, it should be superior. It employs ordinary fiber‐optic cables, but not as channels for data among separate sophisticated instruments. With DAS, the hair‐thin glass fibers themselves are the sensors. Internal natural flaws serve as seismic strainmeters, kinds of seismic detector. Unused or dark fibers are common in fiber cables widespread around the globe, or in dedicated cables designed for special application, are appropriate for DAS. They can sample passing seismic waves at locations every few meters or closer along paths stretching for tens of kilometers. DAS arrays should enrich the three major areas of local and regional seismology: earthquake monitoring, imaging of faults and many other geologic formations, and hazard assessment. Recent laboratory and field results from DAS tests underscore its broad bandwidth and high‐waveform fidelity. Thus, while still in its infancy, DAS already has shown itself as the working heart—or perhaps ear drums—of a valuable new seismic listening tool. My colleagues and I expect rapid growth of applications. We further expect it to spread into such frontiers as ocean‐bottom seismology, glacial and related cryoseismology, and seismology on other solar system bodies.
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Köhler, Anselm, Lai Bun Lok, Simon Felbermayr, Nial Peters, Paul V. Brennan, and Jan-Thomas Fischer. "mGEODAR—A Mobile Radar System for Detection and Monitoring of Gravitational Mass-Movements." Sensors 20, no. 21 (November 9, 2020): 6373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216373.

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Radar measurements of gravitational mass-movements like snow avalanches have become increasingly important for scientific flow observations, real-time detection and monitoring. Independence of visibility is a main advantage for rapid and reliable detection of those events, and achievable high-resolution imaging proves invaluable for scientific measurements of the complete flow evolution. Existing radar systems are made for either detection with low-resolution or they are large devices and permanently installed at test-sites. We present mGEODAR, a mobile FMCW (frequency modulated continuous wave) radar system for high-resolution measurements and low-resolution gravitational mass-movement detection and monitoring purposes due to a versatile frequency generation scheme. We optimize the performance of different frequency settings with loop cable measurements and show the freespace range sensitivity with data of a car as moving point source. About 15 dB signal-to-noise ratio is achieved for the cable test and about 5 dB or 10 dB for the car in detection and research mode, respectively. By combining continuous recording in the low resolution detection mode with real-time triggering of the high resolution research mode, we expect that mGEODAR enables autonomous measurement campaigns for infrastructure safety and mass-movement research purposes in rapid response to changing weather and snow conditions.
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