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Journal articles on the topic 'Export Earnings'

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Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Nawaz, Sadaf, Sajida Kamran, Ramsha Saleem, Muhammad Ali, and Nadia Asad. "Impact of Commodity Concentration and Geographical Concentration upon Export instability in Pakistan." Zagreb International Review of Economics and Business 26, no. 2 (2023): 21–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/zireb-2023-0012.

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Abstract This research study investigates the factors affecting export instability in Pakistan by using time-series data from 1981 to 2017. The determining factors of export instability in this study are commodity concentration index, geographical concentration index, food ratio, export earnings and total export quantity. The study employs Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to investigate the long-run (LR) relationship between export instability and its employed determinants. The empirical evidence reveals that commodity concentration, geographical concentration, food exports and expo

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M. Al Shaar, Eshaq, Nidal O. Zalloum, Shadi A. Khattab, and Tasneem Fayez Alfalah. "Managerial Ability, Earnings Quality, and Future Performance." Jordan Journal of Economic Sciences 9, no. 2 (2022): 113–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/jjes.v9i2.220.

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This paper investigates Algeria's main export volatility drivers via a regression model. The methodology involves the construction and estimation of an econometric model. In this model, the annual time series from 1992 to 2016 is used to estimate the impact of export structure and product concentration on the size of export volatility. The results reveal that export volatility in Algeria is high, and this is due to the growing percentage of consumer and raw material exports. The increasing size of exports is also an essential determinant of volatility. The findings indicate a need to reduce th

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3

Tariq, Ahmad, and Qazi Najeeb. "Export Earnings Instability in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 4III (1995): 1181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i4iiipp.1181-1189.

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Since independence, Pakistan, like many other countries, has been facing the problem of the balance-of-payments deficit. A number of policies have been introduced during different periods for rapid and continuous growth in Pakistan’s exports. These policies, like import substitution, devaluation of the rupee in 1972, export finance schemes, tax concessions, delinking of the rupee from the U.S. dollar in 1982, etc., have helped in boosting its exports to some extent but not enough to stabilise its export earnings. The fluctuations in export earnings are known to have serious consequences. Speci

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ZUBERU, ILIYA, YUSUF, and SALIHU. "AGRICULTURAL SEED FINANCING: IMPLICATIONS FOR PRODUCTIVITY AND EXPORT EARNINGS FOR NIGERIA ECONOMY." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 10 (2017): 228–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i10.2017.2300.

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Since the discovery of oil, there has been a drastic decline in agricultural exports as percentage of total exports declined from about 43% to slightly over 7% between 1970 and 1974, as a result of the oil price shocks of 1973 – 1974 which resulted in large receipts of foreign exchange earnings by Nigeria and the neglect of agriculture. There have been series of declines in agricultural export since the mid-1970s at an average annual decline rate of 17 percent and by 1996, agricultural export accounted for only 2 percent of total exports, hence, making Nigeria net importer of basic food stuff.

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ZUBERU, O. Emmanuel, Bawa ILIYA, Salamatu YUSUF, and O. Ramat SALIHU. "AGRICULTURAL SEED FINANCING: IMPLICATIONS FOR PRODUCTIVITY AND EXPORT EARNINGS FOR NIGERIA ECONOMY." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 5, no. 10 (2017): 228–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1043190.

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Since the discovery of oil, there has been a drastic decline in agricultural exports as percentage of total exports declined from about 43% to slightly over 7% between 1970 and 1974, as a result of the oil price shocks of 1973 – 1974 which resulted in large receipts of foreign exchange earnings by Nigeria and the neglect of agriculture. There have been series of declines in agricultural export since the mid-1970s at an average annual decline rate of 17 percent and by 1996, agricultural export accounted for only 2 percent of total exports, hence, making Nigeria net importer of basic food stuff.

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A.K.D.K., Chathurangi. "Modeling Tea Export Earnings by Category in Sri Lanka: Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Approach." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 7, no. 5 (2022): 1258–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6671189.

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Tea industry is a major thrust industryin Sri Lanka which has a significant contribution Sri Lankan economy. Therefore, it is vital to study the behavior of tea export earnings. The study attempts to forecast tea export earnings by category namely Bulk tea, Tea bags, Tea packets and Total exports. The data was obtained from Sri Lanka Tea Board from January 2005 to October 2019. The Vector Autoregressive model was adopted initially by consideringlong run and short run relationship among category-wise tea export earnings via the Johansen cointegration technique. To further explore the dynamic co

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Singh, J. P., and S. K. Goyal. "Indian Agricultural and Processed Food Products." Foreign Trade Review 40, no. 1 (2005): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732515050103.

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Wheat, jaggery & confectionery, animal casings, dried & preserved vegetables, fresh vegetables, floriculture were the main source of export earnings during last decades. The extent of growth in value terms has been invariably higher than the amount of growth in quantity terms except in case of jaggery & confectionery, alcoholic & beverages, and milled products. Wheat topped the list both in export earnings and quantity exported with 63.10 per cent and 53.08 per cent annual growth rates, respectively. Instability indices for both export earnings and quantity exported, were highe

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Bark, Taeho, and Jaime de Melo. "Export Quota Allocations, Export Earnings, and Market Diversification." World Bank Economic Review 2, no. 3 (1988): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/2.3.341.

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9

Kim, Chong-Sup, and Hyun-Jung Je. "The effect of export portfolio on export earnings and risks." Journal of Korea Trade 20, no. 2 (2016): 118–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkt-04-2016-0006.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess a country’s export returns and return volatility and to demonstrate that such an approach is a relevant method to predict a country’s export earnings and risks. Also to suggest important policy implications for Korea’s trade in terms of diversifying its export structure of products and destinations. Design/methodology/approach – The modern portfolio theory by Markowitz (1959) is applied to predict a country’s export earnings and risks. The import amount of a product, which includes aspects of both price and volume, is used as a measure of return

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Babalola, Oladapo O. "Export Promotion: Agricultural Earnings Perspective." Àgídìgbo: ABUAD Journal of the Humanities 2, no. 2 (2014): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.53982/agidigbo.2014.0202.07-j.

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In this paper, we made use of the Ordinary Least Square method in an attempt to analyze the influence of Agricultural Export eamings on economic growth in Nigeria. Secondary data sourced from World Bank databank and Central Bank of Nigeria for 1981-2013 were used in the study. Other tests performed include the Johansen co-integration test, Augmented Dickey Fuller for stationarity, Granger Causality test to know the direction of causality of variables used. The study found out that Agricultural export as considerable spur the growth of the economy just as the Oil Sector, whereas inflation is qu

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Asheghian, Parviz. "Oil Revenues and Export Earnings Instability: The Evidence from Iran." Global Economy Journal 15, no. 3 (2015): 431–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gej-2014-0059.

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As a member of OPEC, Iran is a nation that is dependent on petrodollars. More specifically, roughly 80 percent of total export earnings in Iran are generated from oil revenue. This in fact is one of the attributes of many developing countries in that their exports are concentrated in either one or a small number of primary products that contribute to the bulk of their foreign exchange revenues. Export instability occurs because export earnings tend to fluctuate annually to a greater extent for developing countries than for advanced countries. The factors that give rise to export instability ca

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Rathnayaka, I. W., and D. D. P. M. Dunusinghe. "The Impact of Exchange Rate Volatility on Export Earnings: Evidence from Sri Lanka." Colombo Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Research 7, no. 1-2 (2023): 62–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cjmr.v7i1-2.70.

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In Sri Lanka, the relationship between exchange volatility and exports is a persistent issue in economic growth and development. Through uncertainty and adjustment costs, exchange rate volatility can have a direct impact on trade. The objective of this study is to analyze the exchange rate volatility on exports in Sri Lanka from 2001 to 2019. The motivation of this study is to investigate the relationship between exchange rate volatility on real export earnings in SriLanka after the implementing floating exchange rate policy. The study found a positive relationship between exchange rate volati

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Kaushik, K. K., and Paras. "Trade Liberalisation and Export Performance in India: A Statistical Verification." Foreign Trade Review 35, no. 1 (2000): 12–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732515000102.

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The study statistically verifies the growth, variability, sources of variability and the impact of export instability on economic growth and environment in the Indian case in the process of ongoing policy reforms. To this end, growth, export instability and variance of the logarithm of export earnings around an exponential trend are estimated to assess the relative importance of price and quantity fluctuations. The major findings of the study are as follows: First, exports of the Indian agriculture and allied products and of manufactured have increased significantly since the initiation of tra

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Oh, Yu-Gyeom, and Moon-Hong Kim. "The Effects of Cost Stickiness on Real Earnings Management: A Data Analysis of Export Marketers." Institute of Management and Economy Research 13, no. 3 (2022): 93–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.32599/apjb.13.3.202209.93.

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Purpose Export marketers may have incentives to attempt real earnings management to avoid low reported earnings. Therefore, we attempted to verify the relationship between cost stickiness and real earnings management in the context of export marketing. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from exporters that settle-accounts in December excluding financial businesses listed on the stock market from 2015 to 2019. Multiple regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. Findings - The results showed that there is a negative relationship between cost stickiness and real earnings

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Ogundipe, Adeyemi. "Commodity price volatility and economic growth in Africa: the mitigating role of trade policy." Problems and Perspectives in Management 18, no. 3 (2020): 350–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.29.

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The extreme volatile behavior of Africa’s output and consumption is strongly related to the extent of exposure to external shocks in its trade earnings. The volatility of export earnings inherent in African economies depicts trade and export structure not diversified, and the need for development managers in easing the over-arching dependence on commodity exports earnings as a major source of budget financing. This study investigates the effect of commodity price volatility on real GDP using a longitudinal data covering fifty-three African commodity-dependent countries for the period 1970–2017

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Šergo, Zdravko, and Jasmina Gržinić. "Does the International Tourism Industry Relax Sovereign Credit Ratings: The Case of Countries Most Reliant on Tourism." South East European Journal of Economics and Business 13, no. 2 (2018): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jeb-2018-0014.

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Abstract Sustainable tourism plays a dominant role in the economic well-being of some of the world’s countries, especially small ones. Tourism earnings account for a significant proportion of their GDP, and they have an overwhelming reliance on tourism as a source of service exports. The general trends in tourism earnings and volatilities in country risk ratings often go hand in hand, especially for small touristic countries in that region. The research presented in this paper provides a comparative assessment of the international country risk ratings and highlights the importance of their tou

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Arshed, Noman, Muhammad Mudassar Naushahi, and Muhammad Ibrahim Saeed. "Non-Linear Export Instability and Economic Growth: A case of Pakistan." Journal on Innovation and Sustainability RISUS 13, no. 1 (2022): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2022v13i1p60-71.

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Exports are considered the driver of economic growth by making the balance of payments favourable through foreign exchange earnings. Export instability refers to the uncertainty about export earnings in the economy. These uncertainties bring a significant impact on the economic behaviour, investment ability and, in turn, hurt economic growth. The focus of the study is to probe the impact of export instability on economic growth in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach: Time series data is used from 1980-2019. Non-linear ARDL technique is applied for short run and long run results. Findings: It

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GONCHAROV, V. D., and M. V. SELINA. "FOOD EXPORT RESERVES IN RUSSIA." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 8 (2020): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.08.01.011.

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The article substantiates the reserves for increasing the export of agricultural crops and foodstuffs from Russia. Much attention is paid to improving the quality of exported goods. Recently, due to the crisis and the coronavirus, foreign exchange earnings from oil and gas exports will decrease. Therefore, it is necessary to find reserves for increasing the export of agricultural crops and food products.

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Love, James. "Export earnings instability: The decline reversed?" Journal of Development Studies 26, no. 2 (1990): 324–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220389008422155.

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Love, James. "Commodity concentration and export earnings instability." Journal of Development Economics 24, no. 2 (1986): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(86)90090-8.

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21

TAHIR, JAMIL M. "CONCENTRATION OF EXPORTS AND EXPORT EARNINGS INSTABILITY: THE CASE OF JORDAN." Studies in Economics and Finance 9, no. 1 (1985): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb028654.

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Khan, Ayub Nabi, and Md Rashed Ullah. "Export Scenario Between Bangladesh and China: Opportunities of Bangladesh in RMG Sector." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 28 (2017): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n28p299.

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The Ready-made Garment (RMG) industry has already promoted itself as the largest foreign currency earning sector for Bangladesh and occupying the 2nd position in leading exporters of clothing. From a humble beginning in late 70’s RMG sector has emerged itself and did employment about 4.5 million peoples. China is the largest clothing exporter and represents the lion’s share of the world market. In spite of being the second largest exporter, Bangladesh is far behind from China in any category of this sector including export earnings and a number of markets. Whereas China occupies one-third of g

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TOKARICK, STEPHEN. "How large is the bias against exports from import tariffs?" World Trade Review 6, no. 2 (2007): 193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745607003229.

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AbstractOne goal that both developed and developing countries share is to increase their export earnings. To do this, countries sometimes resort to various export promotion schemes or request ‘special and differential treatment’ for their exports. However, countries have not fully embraced the notion that their own import tariffs act as a tax on their exports. That is, import protection frustrates their goal of increasing exports. This paper presents quantitative estimates of the extent to which import tariffs discourage exports. The results show that for some countries the bias imparted by ta

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, F. (Ph.D)., Sadamoro, and Sadamoro, O. C. "Moderating Inflationary Pressure Through Marketing of Non-Oil Exports: A Nigerian Perspective." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation XII, no. V (2025): 2025–33. https://doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2025.120500183.

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This study explores how non-oil exports can help moderate inflation in Nigeria. By applying factor analysis and regression analysis, it identifies key drivers of inflation, including non-oil export earnings, exchange rate stability, and money supply growth. The findings reveal a strong negative correlation between non-oil exports and inflation, indicating that boosting non-oil export earnings can help stabilize prices. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of maintaining exchange rate stability to control inflation while highlighting the inflationary risks associated with excessiv

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Kholoshyn, Ihor, Svitlana Mantulenko, Accola Sharon Joyce, Daniel Sherick, Talgat Uvaliev, and Victoria Vedmitska. "Geography of agricultural exports from Ukraine." E3S Web of Conferences 280 (2021): 11009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128011009.

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Based on the generalization and systematization of scientific and accounting data, the article considers agriculture as one of the leading sectors of the Ukrainian economy, providing 50% of foreign exchange earnings from exports of all goods from the country. The structure and geography of agricultural exports from Ukraine are analyzed. The existing export potential of the studied sector of the national economy and the level of self-sufficiency of Ukraine in agri-food products are revealed. Four specialization types of agricultural exports from Ukrainian regions are established: areas with dom

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Lindsay, Holly. "The Indonesian Log Export Ban: An Estimation of Foregone Export Earnings." Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 25, no. 2 (1989): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00074918812331335599.

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Karunakaran, N., and Joby Thomas. "Direction of India’s rice exports in the post-Iiberalization era." Journal of Management Research and Analysis 8, no. 3 (2021): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jmra.2021.024.

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Rice continues to play an important role in the national exports of India. It accounts for 2.1 percent of India’s overall export earnings and accounted for 18.3 percent of agriculture and allied products exports. India ranks first in the export of rice in the world. The increased demand for rice on the world market is providing a magnificent environment for this. The country observed remarkable increase after the new economic policy. The present study attempted to examine the pattern of growth, structure, instability and concentration of India’s rice exports to different destinations.

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Nzomoi, Joseph, Japheth Mutua, Hosea Kiprop, and Albina Kathambi. "AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF KENYA’S HORTICULTURE EXPORT PERFORMANCE 2010 – 2021." International Journal of Economics 7, no. 1 (2022): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijecon.1659.

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Purpose: The horticulture sector in Kenya has consistently dominated agricultural sector’s contribution to the economy’s GDP growth over the last two decades. This paper assesses the export performance of horticulture sector’s three main components of cut flowers, fruits and fresh vegetables for the period 2010 – 2021. The paper also sought to identify the challenges that affect the horticulture sector and propose ways of addressing the challenges. Methodology: The study utilized secondary annual time series data collected from the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, the Central Bank of

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Ara, Iffat. "Is Pakistan’s Manufacturing Sector Competitive?" Pakistan Development Review 43, no. 4II (2004): 685–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v43i4iipp.685-706.

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The manufacturing sector of any country bears significant importance. Globalisation, and in particular, enhanced exports are generally believed to benefit developing countries. And with Pakistan’s exports concentrated largely in textile and semi-manufactures, the country needs to strengthen this sector. Since the foreigncurrency dominated export prices for developing countries are largely determined in the international market, any downward slide in them exerts a downward slide in foreign-exchange export earnings. It is therefore imperative, for a country like Pakistan, to prevent the decline

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Basher, Syed Abul. "Bangladesh’s Export Diversification: A Survey." Journal of Bangladesh Studies 25, no. 2 (2023): 54–61. https://doi.org/10.1163/27715086-02502006.

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Bangladesh faces a significant challenge with limited export diversification, as ready-made garments constitute approximately 85% of its exports. This paper presents a review of academic literature to understand the underlying reasons for this heavy reliance on a narrow range of export products and the obstacles in diversifying export earnings. It explores the relationship between economic development and export diversification, highlighting the role of economic complexity, human capital, and policy decisions in shaping Bangladesh’s export patterns. The findings suggest that export diversifica

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Paibi, Bunting Boruku, Didi Essi Isaac, and Zorle Dum Deebom. "Exchange Rate, Interest Rate and Agricultural Export Earnings: An analysis Using Panel Data Vector Autoregressive Model." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICAL THEORY 8, no. 2 (2022): 14–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg14.37.

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The study modeled the dynamic interaction between exchange rate, interest rate and agricultural export earnings using panel VAR Model. The specific objectives of the study include to; interdependencies in the dynamic interaction between exchange rate, interest rate and agricultural export earnings, parameters of panel VAR model using PVAR Stata code developed by Abrigo and love, determine the shocks associated with their dynamic interactions between these variables, investigate direction of causality between interest rate, exchange rate and agricultural export earnings from six African countri

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Jung Joo La. "The Effects of Correlations among Export Earnings on Military Weapon Export Instability." KUKJE KYUNGJE YONGU 18, no. 1 (2012): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17298/kky.2012.18.1.002.

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Ikpe, Imoh Kingsley, Christian Effiong Bassey, and Paul Umoren. "Crude Oil Export Earnings and Economic Growth in Nigeria." AKSU Journal of Administration and Corporate Governance 3, no. 3 (2023): 112–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.61090/aksujacog.2023.023.

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The crude oil sector is one of the main sectors saddled with the potential to employ a large segment of the population and is an essential key to the sustenance of the economic growth of countries. This study presented an empirical analysis of the impact of crude oil export earnings on economic growth in Nigeria spanning the period of 1981 - 2020. The model built for the study was the proxied Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) as the endogenous variable measuring economic growth as a function of Crude Oil Export (OEX), while Exchange Rate (EXR), Trade Openness (TOP) and Transportation Cost (TP

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N. T M. H. De Silva, L. J Kiele, and A. F. Lagap. "PRODUCTION RESPONSE TO PRICES IN THE COCONUT INDUSTRY OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA." CORD 3, no. 02 (1987): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v3i02.204.

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Coconut is one of the first plantation crops of Papua New Guinea. In 1922‑23 coconut made up 90 percent of exports and in 1950 it contributed 69 percent of the export earnings (Sackett and Williamson, 1977). Area under the crop is about 265,000 hectares or 0.6 percent of the total land area in the country (Charles, 1980, Turner, 1985). Relatively lower copra prices which prevailed especially in 1970s, the escalating cost of production coupled with Government policies aimed towards the diversification of country's export base have primarily resulted in copra becoming the 3rd(l) export earner

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Ahmmad, Tofayel. "Emergence of Export-Oriented Shipbuilding Industry in Bangladesh: Current Position & Future Prospects." Journal of Bangladesh Studies 13, no. 2 (2011): 35–46. https://doi.org/10.1163/27715086-01302005.

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The export basket of Bangladesh is very limited where ready-made garments alone account for nearly 80 percent of its total exports. The extreme dependence of export earnings on the ready-made garments may pose serious threats in the near future. Thus, product diversification is necessary in that case shipbuilding could be a new horizon. The giant ship building nations such as Korea, Japan, China, and Vietnam have been booked with large orders for the next ten years. Some countries have already announced that they will not go for building ships less than 25,000 DWT (Dead Weight Tonnage). This o

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Nazemi, Arash. "Investigating Factors Affecting the Export of Pistachio, Saffron and Solutions to Improve Exports." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 12 (2016): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n12p229.

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Today, the development of non-oil exports considered a necessity, because goods export increases exchange earnings and thus guaranteeing the implementation of economic development programs is made possible foreign exchange costs and increase employment in the country for the purpose of this study is an applied research. Its aim is to investigate the factors affecting export of pistachios and saffron, field study method through questionnaires used, to determine the validity of questionnaires the expert’s opinions of (Delphi), and for determination of reliability Cronbach's Alpha method is used.

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Nazemi, Arash. "Investigating Factors Affecting the Export of Pistachio, Saffron and Solutions to Improve Exports." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 12 (2016): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n12p233.

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Today, the development of non-oil exports considered a necessity, because goods export increases exchange earnings and thus guaranteeing the implementation of economic development programs is made possible foreign exchange costs and increase employment in the country for the purpose of this study is an applied research. Its aim is to investigate the factors affecting export of pistachios and saffron, field study method through questionnaires used, to determine the validity of questionnaires the expert’s opinions of (Delphi), and for determination of reliability Cronbach's Alpha method is used.

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Goncharov, Vladimir D., Sandzhi V. Koteev, and Vladimir V. Rau. "Export of vegetable oil is the driver of the agro-industrial complex economy." Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises, no. 8 (2021): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2021-0-8-40-44.

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The growth in the production of vegetable oils in recent years has created an opportunity to increase their exports. Exports in 2020 increased in all major groups of goods that Russia supplies abroad: grain, fat and oil, meat and dairy products, as well as food and processing industry products. Foreign supplies of fat and oil products increased by 12%, to 8.1 million tons, in physical terms and by 22%, to $ 5 billion, in monetary terms. The growth was provided primarily by the export of sunflower oil, of which 3.7 million tons (+ 19%) were shipped for $ 2.8 billion (+ 28%). Sales were particul

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Radhika, A. M., Altin Hoti, and Rajesh K. Raju. "Tea Trade Scenario in the Pre and Post Liberalization Period in India." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 13, no. 3 (2024): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2024-0071.

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Indian tea, which has maintained its supremacy both in production and export for more than a century, has started to lose its pre-eminence. Other tea producing countries like China, Kenya, Sri Lanka and Kenya are strongly competing for Market share. The increase in production in China has pushed India to second position in production and the country lost its domination of the export market to Kenya, China and Sri Lanka. Given this backdrop, the present study attempts to analyse the export growth, instability in export earnings, export quantity and unit value and concentration of export destina

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Juliani Purba, Helena, Eddy Supriadi Yusufi, and Juni Hestina. "Performane and Competitiveness of Indonesian Nutmeg in Export Market." E3S Web of Conferences 232 (2021): 02018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123202018.

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Export is one source of foreign exchange earnings for the country. This study analyzes the competitiveness of Indonesian nutmeg in the world market. Measurement of competitiveness was conducted by looking at the comparative and competitive advantages nutmeg products in each of the main markets for export and comparison with competitors. The analytical method uses Revealed Comparative Advance (RCA) and Export Product Dynamic (EPD) in the period 2014-2018. The competitiveness analysis results show that nutmeg and nutmeg powder products have competitiveness in all export destination markets. Comp

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Busari, A. O., T. O. Agboola, O. K. Akintunde, and L. O. Jimoh. "Competitiveness of Nigerian Palm Oil in the World Market: An Econometric Analysis." Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 20, no. 1 (2022): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jafs.v20i1.12.

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The dependence on crude oil exports as a dominant source of foreign exchange earnings has retarded the growth of agricultural export and earnings in Nigeria. The steady decline of competitiveness in the foreign agricultural export market has been of great concern. The study investigated competitiveness of Nigerian palm oil in the global market. Annual time-series data obtained from Food and Agriculture Organization Statistics (FAOSTAT) databases were used in the study. The time trend analysis was used to examine the trends in the movement of production, export supply and competitiveness (marke

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Vu, Thuy Duong. "The Economic Impact of CPTPP on Vietnam’s Fisheries Exports to CPTPP Region." Journal of International Economics and Management 20, no. 2 (2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.38203/jiem.020.2.0007.

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The study evaluates the overall situation of Vietnam’s fisheries exports and uses the Global Simulation Analysis of Industry-Level Trade Policy model (the GSIM model) to predict the impact of the CPTPP agreement on Vietnam’s fisheries exports to the CPTPP members. It is forecasted that the CPTPP has positive effects on Vietnam’s fisheries exports. One of those is that it is promising for Vietnamese producers/exporters to access Mexico, which is a large market in the southern portion of North America. In addition, Vietnam has the advantage to continue increasing export earnings to the Japanese

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Roy, Shovon, and Jonaed. "Exchange rate and Export of Bangladesh: Does Marshall-Lerner condition holds?" ABC Research Alert 10, no. 1 (2022): 09–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/abcra.v10i1.588.

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Export is expected to have a favorable impact on GDP growth, and the exchange rate is expected to have a major impact on export and thus export earnings. The relationship between exchange rate and export is a hotly debated topic in macroeconomics, and the goal of this research is to see if the Marshall-Lerner condition holds incase of Bangladesh that is if devaluation of domestic currency increase export earnings. Explanatory variables of the model in the study are the exchange rate, foreign income (WGDP), and domestic income (DGDP). Cointegration approaches; Error Correction model, Granger Ca

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Roy, Shovon, and Jonaed. "Exchange rate and Export of Bangladesh: Does Marshall-Lerner condition holds?" ABC Research Alert 10, no. 1 (2022): 09–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ra.v10i1.588.

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Abstract:

Export is expected to have a favorable impact on GDP growth, and the exchange rate is expected to have a major impact on export and thus export earnings. The relationship between exchange rate and export is a hotly debated topic in macroeconomics, and the goal of this research is to see if the Marshall-Lerner condition holds incase of Bangladesh that is if devaluation of domestic currency increase export earnings. Explanatory variables of the model in the study are the exchange rate, foreign income (WGDP), and domestic income (DGDP). Cointegration approaches; Error Correction model, Granger Ca

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DAVID, ADEYEMI ADETUNJI1* MUSTAPHA MUKTAR2 MICHAEL DURU3 SAHEED ZAKARI S.4 JUDE IKUBOR OFILLI5 AYODEJI SALIHU6. "ASSESSING THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NON-OIL EXPORT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA (1980 -2022)." ISRG Journal of Economics and Finance (ISRGJEF) 1, no. 3 (2024): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13824688.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>The study examined the causal relationship between non-oil exports and economic growth in Nigeria 1980 to 2022. The study utilized data from the central bank of Nigeria spanning from 1980 to 2022. Nigeria's economy heavily relies on oil exports, making it susceptible to fluctuations in global oil prices. Diversifying the economy through increased non-oil exports becomes crucial for sustainable economic growth. Data were analyzed using the Toda-Yamamoto causality model. Findings from the study reveals a bidirectional causality between non-oil export and gross domes

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DAVID, ADEYEMI ADETUNJI1* MUSTAPHA MUKTAR2 MICHAEL DURU3 SAHEED ZAKARI S.4 JUDE IKUBOR OFILLI5 AYODEJI SALIHU6. "ASSESSING THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NON-OIL EXPORT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA (1980 -2022)." ISRG Journal of Economics and Finance (ISRGJEF) 1, no. 3 (2024): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13824690.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>The study examined the causal relationship between non-oil exports and economic growth in Nigeria 1980 to 2022. The study utilized data from the central bank of Nigeria spanning from 1980 to 2022. Nigeria's economy heavily relies on oil exports, making it susceptible to fluctuations in global oil prices. Diversifying the economy through increased non-oil exports becomes crucial for sustainable economic growth. Data were analyzed using the Toda-Yamamoto causality model. Findings from the study reveals a bidirectional causality between non-oil export and gross domes

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Khan, Zaid Ashiq, Mansoor Ahmed Koondhar, Noshaba Aziz, Uzair Ali, and Liu Tianjun. "Revisiting the effects of relevant factors on Pakistan's agricultural products export." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 66, No. 12 (2020): 527–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/252/2020-agricecon.

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Pakistan is an agriculture-based country, so the agricultural sector is known as the backbone of the national economy. Considering the national economy and the agricultural industry, it is necessary to focus on earnings through agricultural products export to improve the livelihood of local farmers. Therefore, the current study aimed to analyse the short-term and long-term factors affecting agricultural products export. The annual time series of 1976–2016 were collected from World Bank indicators, the Food and Agriculture Organization, and the Statistical Bureau of Pakistan. An autoregressive

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Athukorala, Premachandra, and Jayatilleke S. Bandara. "Growth of manufactured exports, primary commodity dependence, and net export earnings: Sri Lanka." World Development 17, no. 6 (1989): 897–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(89)90010-7.

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Gouvea, Raul, and Gautam Vora. "The Arab League: Export Earnings and Economic Development." Modern Economy 08, no. 04 (2017): 604–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/me.2017.84045.

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Brundell, Peter, Henrik Horn, and Peter Svedberg. "ON THE CAUSES OF INSTABILITY IN EXPORT EARNINGS." Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 43, no. 3 (2009): 301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1981.mp43003005.x.

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