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1
XINMENG, Han. "METHODICAL APPROACHES TO THE EXPORT POTENTIAL ESTIMATION OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 4, no. 3 (August 30, 2019): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2019-3-15.
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Introduction. The lack of a unified methodology of the export potential assessing of agro-industrial enterprises poses some difficulties in the activities of export-oriented economic entities. This situation is conditioned by the subjectivity of the export potential concept, as well as the inability to establish a clear relationship between the enterprise export potential, the market export potential and the market enterprise position. The research purpose is to study the existing methodological approaches to the export potential assessment of agricultural enterprises. Results. The components of the enterprise export potential are determined. The model of export potential determination for the conditions of agrarian production is presented for the future. A set of indicators is described to characterize the export potential. The increase of role of the managing system in the enterprise international competitiveness is substantiated. The essence, purpose and peculiarities of managing the enterprise international competitiveness are outlined. The system structure of enterprise international competitiveness management (monitoring of competitive environment in the international market, assessment of the enterprise competitiveness level and their products, determining the mission of enterprise functioning, the strategy implementation of the international competitiveness management system, evaluation and control of the implementation results of the chosen strategy). The problematic aspects of the agricultural enterprise activity are identified in the process of managing international competitiveness. The measures aimed at improving the management of the international competitiveness of agricultural enterprises are characterized and substantiated. Conclusions. Assessing the export potential of agricultural enterprises is an important issue in the process of improving their export activities. Developing valuation approaches that take into account the specifics of the domestic and world economies will enhance the export potential of agricultural enterprises. This, in turn, will be the basis for developing the country's exports. Keywords: export potential, agrarian potential, economic potential, competitiveness, factors, agroindustrial production, export.
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Hu, Yuanhong, Sheng Sun, and Yixin Dai. "Environmental regulation, green innovation, and international competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises in China: From the perspective of heterogeneous regulatory tools." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): e0249169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249169.
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Based on combined data from the China Patent Database, China Industrial Enterprise Database, and China Customs Import and Export Database for the period 2004–2010, this study investigates the impact of heterogeneous environmental regulations on the export technological sophistication of manufacturing enterprises. Given deepening international market segmentation of production and the increasing proportion of intermediate trade, and compared with the traditional method based on exports, the export technological sophistication calculated here, based on value-added, is closer to the true level. Since there has been no in-depth comparative study on the relationship between heterogeneous environmental regulation and export technological sophistication, this study fills the gap. The results show that all three regulation types bear a U-shaped impact on export technological sophistication. Command-control regulation exhibits a restraining effect on mixed trade, eastern, and foreign-funded enterprises. Market-incentive regulation promotes processing and mixed trade enterprises as well as domestic and foreign-funded enterprises. Voluntary-participation regulation promotes all enterprises with different trade patterns and ownership. The mechanism analysis shows that command-control and market-participation environmental regulations affect export technological sophistication through the green invention and green utility innovation channels, while, additionally, market-incentive environmental regulation affects export technological sophistication through the green design innovation channel. Considering the environmental governance issues, the policy implications for enhancing the entire industrial chain and enterprises’ export competitiveness are clear. Due to the unclear functions and powers of competent departments and a rigid threshold, command-control regulation is not conducive to cleaner production technology and the promotion of enterprises’ export competitiveness; it should thus be discouraged. Although both market-incentive and voluntary-participation regulations have promoted cleaner production technology and enterprises’ competitiveness significantly, the environmental tax system requires continuous improvement. The government should continue to raise public involvement in environmental protection to enrich the channels and forms of environmental management.
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Xu, Chang, Jianbing Guo, Baodong Cheng, and Yu Liu. "Exports, Misallocation, and Total Factor Productivity of Furniture Enterprises." Sustainability 11, no. 18 (September 6, 2019): 4892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11184892.
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With the increase in labor costs in China and the tremendous changes in the international trade environment, upgrading the total factor productivity of Chinese furniture export enterprises faces a great challenge. Lots of studies have explored the interaction of exports or misallocation on the total factor productivity (TFP) of furniture enterprises, however, there is little knowledge on the impact and interaction of both exports and misallocation on the TFP. Based on panel data of Chinese furniture enterprises, this paper measures the TFP and the distortion of labor and capital resources in Chinese furniture enterprises. A two-way fixed-effects model is used to analyze the impact of exports and misallocation on the TFP of Chinese furniture enterprises. The paper reveals several important findings. First, the TFP of Chinese furniture export enterprises is lower than that of non-export enterprises, this phenomenon is called the “export–productivity paradox”. Chinese furniture export enterprises are processing trade-oriented and labor-intensive enterprises at the low end of the value chain, exports have a negative effect on improving the TFP of furniture enterprises in the short term. Second, the distortion of labor and capital resources in Chinese furniture enterprises promotes improvements to the TFP of furniture enterprises rather than reducing the TFP of furniture enterprises. Last but not the least, we find that misallocation has a positive moderating effect on exports and can weaken the negative impact of exports on TFP by the “forced mechanism”, which is that the higher the distortion of the misallocation, the higher the cost of acquiring capital and labor, and enterprises are forced to enhance their productivity when facing market competition, thus promoting improvements to the TFP of furniture enterprises.
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Mokhethi, Motšelisi C. "The Perceived Export Barriers of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises: An Analysis from Lesotho-Based Manufacturing Enterprises." Management and Economics Research Journal 5, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/merj.2019.824657.
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Small enterprises represent a large proportion of enterprises in most economies and are a driving force for economic growth. Most small enterprises refrain from exporting due to a number of challenges. The aim of this study was to determine the exporting barriers perceived to constrain exporting from Lesotho-based manufacturing micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The study adopted a cross-sectional descriptive design. Data were collected from 162 Lesotho-based manufacturing enterprises through a self-administered questionnaire. Factor analysis revealed three export barrier groupings, namely international, distribution, and financial constraints. The descriptive statistics showed that Lesotho-based manufacturing MSMEs perceive lack of financial resources for market research, lack of financial resources to finance export sales, and lack of excess capacity for exports, all internal to an enterprise-loading under financial barriers as constraints to exporting. The study added to the literature new classes of export barriers. The findings suggest that the government of Lesotho has to put in place mechanisms that can reduce financial constraints to enable MSMEs to contribute as expected.
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Viviers, Wilma, Jaap Kroon, and Jonathan L. Calof. "Export behaviour of South African enterprises: Stages and attitudes towards export." South African Journal of Business Management 27, no. 1/2 (March 31, 1996): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v27i1/2.806.
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This study aims to broaden existing knowledge with respect to the export behaviour of South African enterprises. After analysing questionnaires received from 163 enterprises, as well as South African export data, it was concluded that South African enterprises exhibited similar export behaviour to that of enterprises in more developed countries. Non-exporters perceived the risks and costs of exporting to be higher than exporters. Exporters perceived the benefits to be greater than did non-exporters. However, the limited scope of South African exports when compared to more developed countries, suggests that South Africa may have some export barriers which are preventing the development of a large cadre of exporters.
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Ivanova, Maryna, Vasyl Shvets, and Olena Varyanichenko. "FORMATION OF STRATEGIC AREAS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN METALLURGICAL ENTERPRISES IN ACCORDANCE WITH TENDENCIES IN EXPORT-IMPORT CHANGES." Economic discourse, no. 4 (December 2019): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36742/2410-0919-2019-4-5.
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Introduction. The top management of enterprises, as a rule, have to solve several strategic issues when concluding a foreign trade contract, among which the choice of strategic direction of activity and the counterparty country is the highest priority. Methods. General and specific methods of system-structural analysis and synthesis were used to formulate the author's definition of "development strategy", to identify the interrelated stages of the development strategy formation; correlation-regression analysis was applied to determine the correlation density between imports and exports for the countries involved in Ukraine’s foreign trade in metallurgical products. Results. The theoretical study of approaches to the formation of a development strategy has allowed formulating the author's definition that the enterprise development strategy is a long-term plan, which contains complex decisions on choosing the direction of enterprise’s development, defining the major goals and models of actions for the formation and effective use of its potential; it also allows the enterprise to create favourable internal and external conditions for successful completion of the main stages of development. It has been found that analysis, monitoring, diagnostics of external and internal environment are a commonly-accepted component of any process of strategy formation. The results of the correlation between import and export as elements of the system have been obtained; it has been proved that a change in import volumes occurs simultaneously with the proportional change in export volumes. Enterprises will be advised to perform foreign economic activities only with counterparties in the countries for which the correlation coefficient between exports and imports is significant. Discussion. The density of export - import links for individual types of metallurgical products is greater than 0.5, indicating a significant correlation between the two considered features. The foreign economic relations between the metallurgical enterprises in Ukraine and various countries of the world are relatively balanced in the field of exports - imports of certain types of metallurgical products. The obtained results should be taken into account in the formation of a strategy for those metallurgical enterprises in Ukraine, which are to perform or expand their foreign economic activity. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account other factors influencing the resultant indicator, i.e. import, and to introduce advanced methods for their detection and research, which, in turn, will reduce the negative impact of the environment. Keywords. Development strategy, import, export, correlation, foreign economic activity, metallurgical enterprises, metallurgical products.
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SAVITSKYI, АNDRII. "EXPORT-ORIENTED STRATEGY OF DEVELOPMENT MAKING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES’ PROFITABLE ACTIVITY." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 296, no. 4 (June 2021): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2021-296-4-28.
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The essence of separate elements of export-oriented strategy of development making in management of profitable activity of industrial enterprises has been researched. The main tendencies of foreign economic activity of national enterprises under the conditions of integration processes have been underlined. The role of macroeconomic and regional institutions that deals with foreign trade activity of industrial enterprises has been studied. The main possibilities that are given for national manufactures with integration processes in the sphere of export activity have been formed. Aspects of extensive and intensive growth of industrial enterprises on the basis of strengthening their export orientation have been characterized. The essence of export-oriented strategy of development from the basic scientific views has been researched. The connection between export-oriented strategy of development and profitability has been actualized. The meaning of transformation changes of economy under the influence of integration stages through the activity of industrial enterprises and its export-oriented strategy making have been detailed. The dependence of economic conditions of integration cycles, complexity of levels of export-oriented strategy of development and management of enterprise’s profitable activity has been emphasized. There were proposed macro- and micro-levels of management that are aimed to study demands of external environment and implement its aspects to the operating and manufacturing activity of export-oriented enterprises’ performance. The importance of macro- and micro-levels of management for starting the process of making export-oriented strategy of development in order to increase the enterprise’s profitability has been detailed and presented in structure that provided and intensified by direct and returned feedback.
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Voytyuk, V. A. "Organizational and economic mechanism for the development of export activities of agricultural enterprises." Machinery and Equipment for Rural Area, no. 10 (October 29, 2020): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33267/2072-9642-2020-10-35-39.
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The organizational and economic mechanism for the development of export activities of agricultural enterprises creates objective conditions for increasing the competitiveness and economic stability of this area of agricultural enterprise activities. A conceptual model has been developed for the formation of the structure of the organizational and economic mechanism of the export activity of an agricultural enterprise on a systematic basis. Proposals are made for the model development in cluster-network associations and an increase in its efficiency for agricultural association member enterprises has been substantiated. A multichannel mechanism of state support for the export activities of agricultural enterprises has been proposed based on inter-program subsidies.
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Kuznetsov, S. V., and E. A. Gorin. "Industrial Exports of Saint Petersburg: Condition, Trends, Prospects." Economics and Management 26, no. 3 (May 12, 2020): 242–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2020-3-242-254.
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Aim. The presented study aims to examine the state of industrial exports from Saint Petersburg.Tasks. The authors consider export potential, structure, and dynamics of exports and imports of industrial products in Saint Petersburg; examine structural transformations in Saint Petersburg’s economy sectors and the impact of innovation processes on the export potential of changes in the factors that are significant for export activities.Methods. This study uses the official data of statistical agencies and customs authorities and processed results of the monitoring and survey of managers of Saint Petersburg enterprises and organizations.Results. The study assesses the effects of organizational, economic and industrial factors on the export potential of Saint Petersburg’s economic entities, changes in their target markets over the past three years, and results achieved by enterprises and organizations in terms of factors that are significant for export activities.Conclusions. Excessive state regulation and loopholes in the current legislation are significant factors that limit the export potential of Saint Petersburg enterprises and organizations. At the same time, for large industrial enterprises it is crucial to maintain national rules, international agreements and stability of production. While small and medium enterprises should focus on quality and the cost of components.
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Dhliwayo, Shepherd. "Export experience and financial performance of small and medium enterprises." Environmental Economics 7, no. 3 (October 21, 2016): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.07(3).2016.01.
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The aim of the article is to illustrate that export experience of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) has a statistically significant effect on financial performance. This may seem obvious, but similar studies done elsewhere have shown conflicting results. The study’s findings also show conflicting results in the three single-item performance measures used, namely, sales, profits and savings. Data from a sample of 144 exporting SMEs were collected using a structured questionnaire. Export experience is measured by years exporting, and financial performance covers a period of three years. A Chi-square test was used to measure the effect of experience on performance. Results show that export experience had a statistically significant effect on sales and profitability, but not on savings. They also show that performance in sales and profitability increased with export experience. It is, therefore, recommended that appropriate interventions to improve exports, should take export experience into account. Keywords: export experience, performance, SMEs, sales, profitability, savings, Southern African Development Community. JEL Classification: L25
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AVERIKHINA, Tetiana, Alina VLAIEVA, and Mykola AVERIKHIN. "Analysis of background of the output of domestic food industry enterprises on international markets." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 5/1 (May 29, 2020): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.5(1).1.
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Introduction. At present, the task of expanding the market for selling Ukrainian products to Ukrainian enterprises is very urgent, as well as establishing foreign relations not only for better profit of the enterprise, but also for attracting additional investments, which will contribute to the rapid development of production. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the prerequisites and features of the entry into the international markets of opportunities and threats for domestic producers and to determine on the basis of the conducted research the prospects associated with entering the international markets. Results. The paper examines the current state of foreign trade relations, stages of entering the foreign market, identifies opportunities and threats that may face domestic industrial enterprises. Before engaging in foreign economic activity, it is necessary to study the prerequisites for entering the international market and determine whether the company owns them. The complexity and frequent change of state methods of regulation of foreign economic activity have a negative impact on the export activity of enterprises. Insufficient knowledge of the legal framework of foreign countries governing the import of goods complicate export activities. Exports are hampered by the poor quality of the product due to technology backwardness and low staff skills. The development of export activity of enterprises can be constrained by high taxes on foreign economic activity, the mandatory sale of the state part of foreign exchange earnings, insufficient assistance from the state to expand export activity through various levers of economic regulation and support. export activity from the standpoint of its sufficiency in quantitative and qualitative aspects. An important prerequisite for export activity is the availability of the necessary financial resources for the company. Conclusion. The analysis of the prerequisites for the entry of Ukrainian enterprises into the international market made it possible to distinguish the most important of them: the export of the corresponding product of the enterprise potentially provides higher profitability in comparison with its realization in the domestic market; the company needs the currency to buy the necessary equipment abroad, equipment that is either missing from the domestic market or of poor quality; by means of export the enterprise tries to use the available production capacities or to expand the field of its activity at the expense of those industries whose products are in demand abroad; The company manufactures high quality products that meet the world standards due to the high qualification of personnel and the introduction of advanced technology, and at the same time has overall marketing advantages.
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Yakushev, N. "Assessment of Export Specialization of Small and Medium Enterprises in Russia." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 7, no. 6 (December 18, 2019): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9111-2019-23-34.
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The ability to implement strategic priorities in regional development and the activation of export activities of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are necessary conditions for the successful solution of economic problems in the framework of the National project “Small and medium-sized enterprises and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative” adopted at the end of December 2018. The aim of the study is to assess the export specialization of small and medium-sized businesses in the region to further develop a unified approach to promoting the development of SME exports in the direction of stimulating the non-resource segment. The article presents the results of the study of export specialization of small and medium enterprises in the Russian Federation. Aspects of the theory of entrepreneurship in the context of exports are studied and reflected. The key characteristics of the component of export orientation in the sale of products on the international market are analyzed. The article presents an approach to the characteristics of the specialization of exports in the all-Russian comparison, which allows a more objective assessment of this specialization of the region with the possibility of further development and prioritization in a particular segment of manufacturing industries. The export specialization of the SME sector in the Russian regions broken down by segment groups is shown. The analysis of the structural features of the export of small and medium-sized enterprises in the regional context. In conclusion, the conclusions are drawn and the directions of export development of small and medium-sized businesses at the regional level are proposed. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the development of a segmental structure of exports of small and medium-sized businesses that allows to reflect the assessment of export specialization in the region. In the further stages of the study, it is planned to develop tools to assess the specifics of SME exports in the non-resource sector, not only in the country, but also in a particular region.
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HOLOVANOVA, Hanna. "EXPORT ORIENTATION AND COMBINATION OF BRANCHES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN AGRARIAN ENTERPRISES." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 4, no. 3 (August 30, 2019): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2019-3-35.
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The research is devoted to substantiation of theoretical, methodological and practical principles of managing the process of combining agrarian industries. Its practical importance lies in the formulation and implementation of an export-oriented strategy for agricultural enterprises. One of the key factors of increasing agricultural export potential is the sectoral structure of agriculture. The strategic orientation of agricultural enterprises to the foreign market actualizes the combination of agricultural production within one economic unit, and therefore raises the issue of production specialization. Within the framework of scientific analysis of the diversification degree of production activity in accordance with reasonable specialization, deepening of integration processes and cooperation of activity, the agricultural enterprises typology by specialization criterion has been proposed by allocating deeply specialized, specialized and non-specialized enterprises on the basis of setting the parameters of their division of enterprise production market potential and its products. The indicators system of the specialization level of agricultural enterprises, the efficiency criterion of agricultural production specialization are presented. The comparing method the effectiveness of several specialization options in the long run is presented. Strategic directions of rationalization of export orientation processes on the basis of effective commodity specialization and combination of agrarian enterprises branches are revealed. The conclusion is made that the choice of the optimal export-oriented strategy of agricultural enterprises should be evaluated taking into account the advantages of combining the agricultural production branches, their successful combination, adequacy to regional natural and climatic conditions of management. This will allow to realize the influence of agro-climatic and agro-technological potential on the products quality, will provide enterprise competitive advantages by reducing the production cost, which in turn will allow to win price competition in the market. Keywords: agricultural enterprises, specialization, agricultural production, export orientation, competitive advantages.
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Fan, Qinqin, Tianyuan Mu, and Wei Jia. "Analysis on the Trend and Factors of Total Factor Productivity of Agricultural Export Enterprises in China." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 17, 2021): 6855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126855.
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There is an “export productivity paradox” in Chinese enterprises, which has been confirmed in agricultural enterprises. This paper attempts to explain this phenomenon from the perspective of the components of TFP. This paper uses the SFA-Malmquist method to decompose and compare the TFP of China’s agricultural export enterprises based on the data of the state-level leading agricultural enterprises from 2016 to 2017. The conclusions are as follows: firstly, China’s agricultural TFP shows a negative growth trend, and the growth rate of TFP of agricultural export enterprises is less than that of agricultural non-exported enterprises; secondly, the growth rate of TFP of grain and animal husbandry export enterprises is less than that of non-export enterprises; the growth rate of TFP of private agricultural export enterprises is lower than that of non-export enterprises of the same type; the growth rate of TFP of export enterprises in eastern and western regions is lower than that of non-export enterprises; and thirdly, technical progress is an important reason for the change of TFP of China’s agricultural enterprises. However, compared with agricultural non-exported enterprises, improving the technical efficiency of enterprises can more promote the TFP of agricultural export enterprises.
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Nikolaiev, M. G., and N. P. Meshko. "Structural Disparities in the Implementation of Export Strategies of Ukrainian Enterprises." Business Inform 12, no. 515 (2020): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-12-401-410.
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The strategic development of most large enterprises, as well as successful productions of medium and small businesses is focused on expanding sell markets beyond the national economy. The logic of the research as formed by the authors is based on a combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis, which provide an opportunity to identify trends in the implementation of export strategies, allocate clusters of markets on price grounds, and assess the consequences of the implementation of export strategies of Ukrainian companies. The competitive environment of global markets is changing in space and time. It is substantiated that the development of marketing export strategies of companies should be based on the analysis of industry markets taking into account the main competitors – both countries and companies. The method of calculating the country’s participation coefficients in the world market of imported goods on an industry basis is applied. The absolute and relative indicators are analyzed, which in combination give a holistic picture of the current state of implementation of Ukraine’s export potential, as well as the initial data for further actions towards improving the efficiency of the process of internationalization of business. The overall efficiency of the company’s development, in particular the quality of functioning of all systems involved in exports, depends largely on the quality of management, which determines the need to implement certain measures of the organizational and economic support in the sphere of staff, finance, production, and sales at the enterprise. The problems that substantially affect the competitiveness of Ukrainian exports are outlined. At the same time, a significant backlog of global trends in the exports of high-tech goods and services, leading to low profitability of export activity in general, is identified. The analysis of structural shifts in the export activity of Ukrainian enterprises is carried out, the types of price strategies in the practice of promotion to new markets are identified. The practice of conduct of export activity shows that companies use different export marketing strategies both in the developed and in the developing countries. The obtained results of the research should be used by representatives of Ukrainian business for analysis, elimination of shortcomings and disparities, as well as development of new business models of export activity. Recommendations for improving export strategies in the conditions of digitalization of markets are formed. Prospect for future research is to find possible ways to increase the technological efficiency of Ukrainian exports and, consequently, increase the competitiveness of the national economy.
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Hu, Yuanhong, Sheng Sun, Min Jiang, and Yixin Dai. "Research on the promoting effect of servitization on export technological sophistication of manufacturing enterprises." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 31, 2021): e0255891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255891.
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Based on multiple micro databases involving Chinese manufacturing enterprises and World Input-Output Database, this article investigates the impact of China’s manufacturing servitization on export technological sophistication from 2000 to 2010. The results show that manufacturing servitization has an inverted U-shaped impact on export technological sophistication. From the perspective of heterogeneity at the enterprise level and industry level, manufacturing servitization has an inverted U-shaped impact on export technological sophistication for mixed trade enterprises, central and western located enterprises, domestic and foreign enterprises, and knowledge-intensive industries, the nonlinear impact is in the promotion range. Besides, manufacturing servitization with domestic and foreign service input source has an inverted U-shaped impact on export technological sophistication, manufacturing servitization with the domestic consumption-oriented service input source and foreign production-oriented service input source have a promoting effect. Servitization with financial industry and technical research and development service source has a promoting effect, while servitization with transportation service input source has an inverted U-shaped effect. Overall global value chain participation level and simple global value chain participation have a positive moderating effect on the impact, especially for enterprises with lower production efficiency. Mechanism analysis confirms that the "spillover" effect and "cost" effect are important channels for manufacturing servitization to promote export technological sophistication.
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Shu, Qianfei, and Go Yano. "High and New Technology Enterprise Performance and Financial Constraints: Is Clustering Efficient?" Applied Economics and Finance 4, no. 6 (October 30, 2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v4i6.2678.
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Using firm level panel data for non-listed high and new technology enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta of China from 2002–2009, we investigated the importance of the high and new technology industrial development zone (HNTIDZ) established by the Chinese government for improving enterprise performance. We found that high and new technology enterprises located in HNTIDZs enjoy superior productivity, growth potential, export and innovation activity; better access to trade credit and bank loan facilities plays a significant role in promoting productivity, growth and export, but it does not affect innovation activity; in national HNTIDZs, enterprises that are more in need of trade credit and bank loan have better performance in the respect of productivity, growth, export as well as innovation activity.
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Yadav, Niru. "The Role of Internet Use on International Trade: Evidence from Asian and Sub-Saharan African Enterprises." Global Economy Journal 14, no. 2 (February 22, 2014): 189–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gej-2013-0038.
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Internet use is expected to reduce fixed information-related costs of entering international markets. This paper looks at the impact of internet use by developing country firms from Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa on their export and input import behavior. Using the enterprise survey dataset from the World Bank, the paper finds that e-mail and own website use have a positive impact on the extensive margin of enterprise export and input import behavior but not on the intensive margin. In addition, both these internet tools affect export and input import likelihood of manufacturing enterprises only and not of service enterprises. These results are robust after controlling for self-selection bias and for factors that may affect both internet adoption and international market participation.
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Simonova, Lyudmila M., and Anastasiia O. Dorokhova. "The impact of state support on the development of non-resource exports in the Russian Federation." Tyumen State University Herald. Social, Economic, and Law Research 5, no. 4 (2019): 169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-7897-2019-5-4-169-187.
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This article aims to study the role of government instruments supporting export-oriented enterprises, which specialize in the production of non-resource and non-energy goods and services. In view of the increasing importance and potential of small and medium-sized enterprises, the authors, using economic analysis of the data of the Russian Federal Customs Service and the statistics of the Russian Export Center, have confirmed the need of such enterprises being the central element of the national system of support and development of exports. The results prove that the majority of export-oriented small and medium enterprises show interest in starting export activities, increasing its share, and seeking to expand the geography of their supplies. However, a number of factors prevent the foreign economic strategy, including lack of confidence and employees with export competencies, financial limitations, as well as complete inexperience when interacting with foreign counterparts and markets in general. The authors have determined that the insufficient level of competitiveness on part of the Russian producers requires a full-fledged support of the state authorities to stimulate non-resource and non-energy export. The statistical analysis of the recent years shows that the indicator of Russian competitiveness on foreign markets has not undergone serious changes due to the low competitiveness of the Russian exported goods, as well as insufficient knowledge and skills of export-oriented enterprises in terms of strengthening their position on new markets. The world experience shows that each nation puts their own priorities on the choice of export development direction. Based on a comparative analysis and classification of support measures in the European Union, the authors have identified the possibility of approximating the existing mechanisms for supporting small and medium export-oriented enterprises in the Russia. The results have revealed a linear relationship between the launch of programs to support export-oriented enterprises and the growth of foreign economic activity in general, as well as the relationship between such activities as the interaction with relevant ministries and agencies, the cooperation with key industry and business organizations, and the improvement of export conditions in Russia.
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Fatyanov, D. V. "The Theoretical Principles for Assessing the Efficiency of Use of the Export-Import Potential of Enterprise." Business Inform 12, no. 515 (2020): 258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-12-258-264.
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The article discusses the actual theoretical problems of assessing the efficiency of use of the export-import potential of enterprise (EIPE). The complexity of socio-economic conditions of activities of industrial enterprises requires revision of the theory and practice of the management of export potential. The efficiency of export-import activity depends on the efficiency of the use of export-import potential at the enterprise, and this justifies the need to solve the problems of import substitution in the economy. The theoretical principles of the assessment of efficiency of use of EIPP are substantiated as follows: 1) the methodological framework for assessing the export-import potential of enterprises is substantiated, first of all, by the system of basic elements of assessment; 2) the objectivity of assessment depends on an adequate content model of the efficiency of use of this potential; 3) to carry out the assessment, it is important to substantiate a hierarchical system of indicators that reflects the elemental structure of export-import potential and their characterizations, as well as a system of criteria; 4) assessment of the efficiency of use of the export-import potential of enterprise is multidimensional and multicriterial; 5) the objectivity of assessment of the efficiency of use of the export-import potential of enterprise is determined by the corresponding mathematical instrument used; 6) effective managerial decisions are made on the basis of the results of an assessment of the efficiency of the export-import activity of enterprise. The substantiated theoretical provisions for assessing the efficiency of use of the export-import potential of enterprise contain the formed methodological framework of the assessment. The article also proposes a content model of the efficiency of use of the export-import potential of enterprise, which includes such components as: structure, elements, processes, mechanisms, types of EIPP, influence factors, indicators, criteria, results, costs, effect, efficiency. The presented improved theoretical approach to assessing the efficiency of use of the export-import potential of enterprise ensures its objectivity, adequacy and reliability.
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Lemessa, Sisay Diriba, Mulugeta Damie Watabaji, and Molla Alemayehu Yismaw. "The analysis of entry of Ethiopian enterprises into the export-markets and the associated factors." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 25, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 241–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-01-2018-0003.
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Purpose Though many studies in the past dealt with the survival and growth of enterprises both in the local- and export-markets, less attention was given to the analysis of the duration of enterprises entry into the export-markets. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to analyze the duration of Ethiopian enterprises entry into the export-markets. Design/methodology/approach This paper used data collected from 848 enterprises through a cross-sectional survey method conducted by the World Bank in 2015. In order to estimate the average duration – the time that enterprises need to wait before entering into the export-markets and the associated factors – the authors used the mixture of non-parametric (Kaplan-Meier) and parametric (Weibull) models. Findings The non-parametric results show that enterprises are required to wait for an average of about eight years before entering into the export-markets after their establishment. In addition, foreign-owned enterprises were found to be faster in entering into the export-markets than their domestically owned counterparts. The parametric results revealed that enterprises’ product innovation, enterprises’ size and age, and custom and trade regulations are factors that curtail the durations of enterprises entry into the export-markets. On the other hand, enterprises’ operational costs, the size of enterprises’ locality, and enterprises’ location are factors that slow the durations of enterprises’ entry into the export-markets. Originality/value This study is the first to offer pioneering evidences on the duration (time in years) that Ethiopian enterprises need to wait before entering into the export-markets and the factors that affect the length of their waiting time.
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MA, YING, and ABDUL RAUF. "INDIGENOUS INNOVATION, FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND THE EXPORT PERFORMANCE OF CHINA’S MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES." Singapore Economic Review 65, no. 05 (May 24, 2019): 1349–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590819400034.
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Although a well-established link is observable in the existing literature on innovation–export interplay, there is a lack of research investigating the distinct impact of a variety of channels for domestic innovation and foreign technology spillovers on export performance in a unified framework. This paper uses a two-digit 1998–2013 panel dataset to empirically investigate the impact of domestic innovation efforts, innovation capability, foreign knowledge spillovers and technology transfer on export performance of large-and-medium-sized industrial enterprises (LMEs) in China. We find that: First, domestic innovation efforts significantly promote industrial export performance, while there is lack of highly-skilled human capital in China which restricts the favorable impact of innovation on exports; Second, technology imported from foreign countries have increased export competitiveness in China. Furthermore, innovative activities of foreign enterprises have led to export boom and this spillover channel experience has a stronger effect on export than one emanating from imported technology; Third, on the whole, foreign knowledge spillover channels have been more effective drivers of export performance than domestic innovation efforts. Fourth, calculations based on contribution to trade balance indicator witness a recent increase in the domestic content of industrial exports in China.
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Malyarets, Lyudmyla, Mimo Draskovic, Nadiia Proskurnina, Oleksandr Dorokhov, and Volodymyr Vovk. "Analytical support for forming the strategy of export-import activity development of enterprises in Ukraine." Problems and Perspectives in Management 16, no. 3 (September 14, 2018): 423–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.16(3).2018.33.
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The current economic situation in Ukraine is conditioned by the efficiency of the export-import activity of industrial enterprises. In turn, the effectiveness of the strategy for the development of this activity depends on the scientific substantiation of its analytical support. This confirms the relevance of the topic of the article. The purpose of the article is to present the content of analytical support for forming the strategy of development of export-import activity of the enterprises in Ukraine. The object of the study is the development of analytical support for the formation of this strategy. The main methods of developing this analytical support is the multicriterial optimization method, which uses a genetic algorithm, multidimensional regression analysis, and a taxonomic method for calculating the integral index of development. The article also examines the peculiarities of the implementation of export-import activity of industrial enterprises in modern conditions, analyzes the criteria for its development, provides a system of indicators for the evaluation of this activity and the setting of a multi-criteria optimization task of maximizing the development of export-import activity of the enterprise, the solution of which is recommended with the help of software MatLab. It is recommended that the optimal values obtained are taken as the basis for determining the desired values of the export-import performance indicators.
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Ліхоносова, Ганна Сергіївна, and Владислав Миколайович Маджар. "ФІНАНСОВІ АСПЕКТИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЕКСПОРТНО-ІМПОРТНИМИ ОПЕРАЦІЯМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ." TIME DESCRIPTION OF ECONOMIC REFORMS, no. 4 (February 1, 2021): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/cher.2020.4.08.
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Formulation of the problem. Export-import operations significantly determine the specifics of brewing enterprises, the conditions of their operation, as the level of uncertainty, risk, the need to compete with international beer tycoons, enterprises need to be able to adapt to the ever-changing external economic situation, especially in quarantine restrictions. To survive enterprises need to correctly define their strategy and tactics of behavior in foreign markets, to systematically analyze the external environment and timely apply appropriate management measures. The aim of the research is to analyze the export opportunities and organization of brewery export-import operations, to identify the main problems in this process, to develop practical recommendations for improving the management of these operations. The subject of the research is the financial aspects of the management of export-import operations of the brewery. The methods of the research: observation, economic-statistical, logical and comparative analysis, grouping, generalization and classification, system and structural approaches. The statement of basic materials. The article reveals the peculiarities of the organization of export-import operations at PJSC "ABINBEV EFES UKRAINE", evaluates and analyzes the parameters of export-import activities of the brewing enterprise, evaluates the effectiveness of export-import operations at the enterprise, identifies areas for improving export-import management. measures to intensify export activities and internal control over the process of export-import operations of PJSC "ABINBEV EFES UKRAINE". The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of applying the developed proposals and recommendations in order to improve the financial aspects of the management of export-import operations of the brewery. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. The proposed measures to intensify the export-import activities of the brewery include the introduction of software, the use of the JIT concept, the rationalization of the warehousing process, the intensification of the department of foreign economic relations, etc. Among the measures proposed for implementation by the Department of Foreign Economic Relations of the brewing enterprise – a comprehensive study to improve efficiency and expand foreign economic activity of the enterprise, substantiation of areas for improving the management system and planning of export-import operations of the enterprise. It is established that the conquest of competitive positions by the Ukrainian brewing enterprise is possible due to ensuring high quality beer, sale of elite beers at a low price compared to European and world prices, areas of activation are also closely related to the development of sales network, an effective mechanism to stimulate beer sales under quarantine restrictions
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Choudhary, Kailash, and Kuldip Singh Sangwan. "Benchmarking Indian ceramic enterprises based on green supply chain management pressures, practices and performance." Benchmarking: An International Journal 25, no. 9 (November 29, 2018): 3628–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-12-2017-0330.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the impact of green supply chain management (GSCM) pressures, implementation level of GSCM practices and improvement in performance of the Indian ceramic enterprises. The paper also aims at benchmarking the Indian ceramic enterprises based on enterprise size and market orientation (export activity). Design/methodology/approach The research is based on the empirical study of Indian ceramic industry. Propositions are developed to study: the impact of GSCM pressures, implementation level of GSCM practices, improvement in GSCM performance, and the effect of GSCM pressures on implementation of practices, and impact of GSCM practices on GSCM performance. Data are collected from Indian ceramic enterprises of different sizes. Exploratory factor analysis is performed to segregate the pressures, practices and performance variables into constructs. Two-step algorithm, with log-likelihood measures of distance and Bayesian information criterion, is used to decide the optimal number of clusters. These clusters are compared and benchmarked according to the enterprise size and export activity. Findings This study finds that the implementation level of GSCM practices is higher in large- and medium-size enterprises as compared to small-size enterprises. Large- and medium-size enterprises have high impact of mimetic and informative pressures and small enterprises have high impact of coercive pressure (CP). Although the CP is high on small enterprises but due to the limited resources, these enterprises cannot afford to implement GSCM practices. The implementation of GSCM practices results into the improvement of environmental and operational performance but decrease in economic performance. Practical implications The findings of this study will suggest the policy maker to encourage the diffusion mechanism through a collaborative partnership with larger enterprises to enhance the implementation level of GSCM practices in small-size enterprises. Originality/value The novelty of the paper are: it analyzes and benchmarks GSCM pressures, practice and performance for Indian ceramic enterprises by considering enterprises size and export activities as control variables, and it finds the effect of GSCM pressures on the implementation level of GSCM practices and improvement in enterprise performance for Indian ceramic enterprises.
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Zhao, Yongliang, Weihua Ruan, Yonghong Jiang, and Junnan Rao. "SALESPERSON HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT AND HETEROGENEOUS EXPORT ENTERPRISES PERFORMANCE." Journal of Business Economics and Management 19, no. 4 (December 11, 2018): 609–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2018.6267.
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This paper aims to study the impact of salesperson human capital investment on the export performance of heterogeneous enterprises in China. To distinguish the different effects on the staff level and the management level, we define the human capital investment for the overall salespersons as human capital investment I and the human capital investment for the sales managers as human capital investment II, respectively measured by the salary of the ordinary salespersons and the ratio of expenses to sales. We find that human capital investment I has a significant positive effect on export performance, while human capital investment II shows a “positive U-shaped” relationship with export performance. Considering the heterogeneity of enterprise, the positive effect of human capital investment I is more significant than that of human capital investment II in enterprises with high R&D intensity. Moreover, with the improvement of technology intensity, both the promotion of human capital investment I and human capital investment II would generate greater influence on export performance.
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Qiu, Yunxiu. "Analysis on the Export Effect of Chinese Enterprises’ OFDI." E3S Web of Conferences 235 (2021): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123501009.
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With the development of the world economy, in order to solve the fierce market competition between countries, one of the effective means for Chinese enterprises is foreign direct investment. The Chinese government requires continuous deepening of reforms, so there are more and more foreign direct investments by Chinese companies. In view of this situation, this paper focuses on the research of the export effect theory of Chinese enterprises’ foreign direct investment. At the level of empirical testing, this paper separately analyzes China’s total export trade as explained variables, foreign direct investment as explanatory variables, GDP as the control variable, establishes a relevant model to study the direct foreign investment of Chinese enterprises to China’s exports. After testing the model, the trade effect is further analyzed. This thesis focuses on the theory of export effects, and in theoretical community will further improve the research on the foreign direct investment about Chinese enterprises, and put forward suggestions that can provide you with reference for related work.
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Kim, Jasper. "A socio-legal corporate governance model: Analyzing South Korea’s social enterprise promotion act using public-private partnerships." Corporate Ownership and Control 12, no. 3 (2015): 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv12i3c3p7.
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Can South Korea reregulate and reconstitute its current conglomerate-based, export-dependent “Korea, Inc.” model towards a more socio-legal corporate governance model more inclusive of socio-economic stakeholder equality concerns? By enacting the Social Enterprise Promotion Act (SEPA), a law expressly aimed at boosting domestic social enterprises through public-private partnerships (PPPs), South Korea became one of the few if only economies in the world to pass a social enterprise law at the national level (rather than at a state or governnment agency level, as in the US or UK). Historically, South Korea’s greatest economic strength in the post-1945 period was its ability to create a significant manufacturing and export sector dominated by large conglomerates (referred to as “chaebol,” such as Samsung, LG, and Hyundai) that still dominates the economic landscape today—creating “Korea, Inc.” Such corporate governance model allowed South Korea to become an economic success story based on its achievements in the twentieth century, at the risk of being highly export-dependent. However, South Korea has recently put forth regulatory efforts towards creating a new economic path based less on manufacturing and exports by large chaebol (the “Korea, Inc.” model) and greater focus on smaller-size social enterprises that can provide economic growth while also achieving certain socio-economic objectives, including furthering “economic democratization” and socio-economic inclusion by uniquely utilizing PPPs. As such, the nation’s policymakers enacted the Social Enterprise Promotion Act (SEPA). The main objective of SEPA was to provide a regulatory framework for the establishment, funding and regulation of social enterprises. This article provides a regulatory and socio-economic corporate governance perspective regarding SEPA, which includes policy arguments related to the benefits and barriers of the act, in addition to survey results from respondents in South Korea related to social enterprises and similar entities. If successful, SEPA would ideally foster a more sustainable twenty-first century South Korean economic ecosystem, based less on export-dependence, and more on incentive-taking and innovation, while improving the nation’s overall socio-economic conditions by utilizing a unique socio-legal corporate governance model within Asia’s fourth largest economy
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Mishchuk, Ievgeniia, Olena Zinchenko, and Maryna Adamenko. "Sustainable competitive innovative development and economic security of enterprises under unstable conditions: mutual dependency and influence." E3S Web of Conferences 166 (2020): 13017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016613017.
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The paper reveals interrelations between the concepts “economic security”, “economic sustainability”, “development” and “competitiveness” of an enterprise. Based on their consideration, the paper enhances theoretical and methodological principles of establishing competitive innovation development and economic security of an enterprise. Unlike the existing ones, these principles provide for not only alternativeness but also equal significance when choosing between achievement of high levels of competitiveness, development and economic security. Application of the elaborated suggestions enables more objective formation of the policy of management of an enterprise’s innovation development under unstable conditions considering the industrial field and the market position of the enterprise. It is proven that essential elements of enterprises’ sustainable development include innovative activity, production provision, export of science-intensive products and development of high technology services, this providing for efficient levels of enterprises’ economic security and competitiveness. Under conditions of uncertainty, there are some basic functions of an enterprise aimed at enhancing its competitiveness and economic security including the following: achieving the optimal level of an enterprise’s resulting indicators and efficient “income-risk” ratio, innovative activity, ensuring the quality of an enterprise’s intellectual capital, environmental safety and meeting required social standards.
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Batmanova, Victoria, and Ellada Tikhonovich. "Supporting Exports of Enterprises in Volgograd Region Under the Conditions of Limitations." Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, no. 3 (October 2020): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2020.3.16.
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The article analyses the structure of exports of Volgograd region and suggests measures for supporting exporters under the condition of the arisen limitations. Export is a difficult economic process which is also complicated by the limitations which have appeared recently (sanctions, COVID-19 pandemics). Volgograd region is an old industrial region with developed economy where large exporting enterprises are located. The export basis of the region is presented by three or four significant commodities: energy, metals, chemical production and some others but at the same time the leading foreign trade partners are the developed European countries. The measures of supporting exporters under the conditions of limitations can be presented by two types: urgent stabilizing measures aimed at preventing and minimizing consequences from the corona virus and systemic measures (provision of macroeconomic stability, sustainability of financial markets and payment systems, support of real sector of economy). While supporting the exports it is important to focus on various stages of the exporting activity. At the preliminary stage it is important to select ideas for perspective export projects. At the main production stage it is important to select specific export projects and search for funds for their implementation. At the final stage it is reasonable to accompany export produce by means of organizational measures. The support of exports should be carried out on the basis of mobilizing diversification. It does not change the existing economic specialization but leverages the available competitive advantages. The innovative diversification should become the strategic aim of developing the exporting activity in the region.
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Xinmeng, Han. "Marketing tools in mechanisms for managing the export potential of agro-industrial enterprises." Actual problems of innovative economy, no. 3 (May 30, 2019): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2524-0455-2019-3-9.
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Introduction. Changes in the world and domestic economy require the agro-industrial enterprises to improve the process of managing export potential development. An important role in solving this issue is played by marketing tools. Its formation and use largely determines the competitiveness of agro-industrial enterprises and determines the situation on the this market. The purpose of scientific research is to summarize the peculiarities of forming marketing tools in the mechanisms of managing the export potential development of agricultural enterprises. Results. The essence and expediency of model introduction of using marketing management in domestic practice are substantiated. The orientation of marketing in agrarian production is determined. The factors are characterized that determine the conditions for the export potential of agro-industrial enterprises when entering international markets. The contradictions of economic character in the food marketing system are identified. The priority of marketing activity, which is to reconcile emerging contradictions, is highlighted. The essence definition of the competitive advantages concept is given from the point of view of enterprise economy, management, marketing, financial activity, logistics. The integration processes role in the consumer behaviour is outlined. The main function of economic instruments in the formation mechanism system of competitive advantages is determined. Segments (economic, technical and technological, quality of production, rules of relations, organizational) in the mechanism of competitive advantages formation are characterized on the basis of logistic approach at the entity level through a set of tools. The prices are determined as a lever of marketing activity of agrarian enterprise. Varieties of market saturation are defined. The communication marketing plans of practical and strategic importance are presented. Conclusions. Improvement of marketing tools in the mechanisms of managing the export potential development of agro-industrial enterprises should take into account the world experience. An important task is its adaptation to domestic realities. This will maintain the proper level of competitiveness of domestic products. Keywords: export potential, development management, economic potential, competitiveness, marketing tools, agroindustrial production, export.
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Chen, Ruo-Yu, and Yi Sun. "The Dynamic Evolution of Overseas Market Network of Chinese Enterprises: Agglomeration or Dispersion." Complexity 2021 (August 3, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7876724.
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Based on the CEPII-BACI database and China Customs database from 2000 to 2011, this paper combines the degree of export experience of enterprises with their own trade network to study the differential effects of accumulated export experience on the dynamic evolution of enterprises’ overseas market network structure and further explores it from the perspective of community and neighbors. The results of this study show the following. (1) The location choice of Chinese enterprises’ overseas market depends significantly on the structure of export network constructed in the past and tends to choose regions with closer geographical and economic ties as export target countries. There is a significant path dependence effect. However, enterprises with rich export experience are no longer subject to the constraints of geographical space and will make the overseas market layout more “decentralized.” (2) The decision making of export market location depends on the community distribution of export network. The path-dependent effect of export market layout in the export network community is significantly greater than that outside the community and tends to choose the intra-community region for overseas market layout. (3) The export network of adjacent enterprises has a significant impact on the location of enterprises’ overseas market. However, enterprises with rich export experience are less dependent on the geographic network expansion effect of their neighbors and tend to choose markets with close economic links.
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Zhou, Jianjun, Xiayang Fan, and Aizhi Yu. "The Impact of High-Speed Railway Accession on Agricultural Exports: Evidence from Chinese Agriculture-Related Enterprises." Complexity 2021 (August 12, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4225671.
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Although many studies have analyzed the transportation infrastructure effects on economic and trade development, little is known about the relationship between transportation infrastructure and trade in the agricultural sector. We take the opening of China’s high-speed railway (HSR) as a quasi-natural experiment and use multiperiod DID model to explore the impact and mechanism of HSR on agriculture-related enterprises’ exports. The results show that HSR can promote export growth of agriculture-related enterprises by 6.9%, and it will reach 10% in 5 years. However, the effect of HSR on the export of agriculture-related enterprises only exists within 45 km around HSR stations. HSR can reduce information barriers and costs for enterprises to enter the international market by providing transportation convenience and improving market access levels. HSR also offers local areas more transportation advantage compared to other surrounding areas, which in turn makes a siphon effect on export activities. Both these mechanisms are significant within 45 km, and it is extremely obvious for poor transportation areas and enterprises with higher productivity, and the siphon effect is even stronger than market access. Heterogeneity analysis results demonstrate that HSR has different effects for different types of enterprises.
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Sun, Mei, Ying Ru, Chun Xiao Li, and Yong Chao Sun. "Proposal of Eco Design for Chinese Manufacturing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 2707–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.2707.
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Export value took more than half of GDP in average from 2007 to 2011. In recent years, Nations issued a large amount of environment standards; as a result, Chinese exported products suffered recall in main target nation of export because product did not meet requirement of eco-design. In China, small and medium-sized enterprises took more than half of total enterprise in manufacturing. For small and medium-sized enterprises, it is difficult to know well about all environment standards in world. This paper draw proposal for the development of Chinese manufacturing.
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GUTIÉRREZ FERNÁNDEZ, Arturo, and Macarena PÉREZ-SUÁREZ. "THE EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISES AS COMPARED TO WITH EXPORT SMES." Revista Galega de Economía 26, no. 1 (December 2, 2017): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/rge.26.1.4453.
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Purpose – This study aims to determine the export competitiveness of the Social Economyin Andalusia, this is carried out by quantifying the export competitiveness of theinternationalized enterprises of the Social Economy in the export sector of the region.Design/methodology/approach – The strengths and weaknesses of this business sector arequantified and the Rasch´s Probability. It is a model used to measure the latent variablecalled export competitiveness, which is defined by items (factors): size, cooperation,number of target markets, competitive advantages, years abroad and percentage of salesabroad. The article provides empirical evidence of 362 Andalusian export enterprises.Findings – The results show that the export competitiveness of social enterprises reflectedtheir strengths as compared with other SMEs.Originality/value – This concept paper empirically combines two different fields ofknowledge (design and behavior of companies) in the construction of the foreign trade.This work standardizes the treatment of two descriptors scarcely discussed in theliterature: Social Enterprises and Export.
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Trokhova, E. V., and T. A. Izutina. "EXPORT POTENTIAL OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE NON–RESOURCE SECTOR AND PROSPECTS FOR ITS GROWTH." International Trade and Trade Policy, no. 4 (December 20, 2018): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2018-4-62-70.
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TodayRussiahas embarked on the difficult path of transition to a new, higher, production and export level, so it is important to understand in which areas domestic enterprises can increase supply volumes abroad and most successfully compete in the global market. To this end, the article identified the key features of the concept of «export potential»: its dependence on the existing production capacity and the competitiveness of products manufactured for export. A retrospective analysis of the commodity structure of Russian export deliveries showed that non-fuel components account for about 41%, and about 34% of products have a non-resource character, with positive dynamics in such important groups as «machinery and equipment», «chemical products and rubber» and others. However, by the end of 2017, there is a predominance of goods of the lower redistribution (about 46% of non-resource non-energy exports), that indicates the high dependence of the Russian exports on the simplest products. Experts identified the points of growth of non-resource exports: the sphere of high technologies, the internationalization of small and medium-sized firms, the development of the regional export potential, and the expansion of tourism and educational services exports.
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MINH, Ngo Ngoc. "Export Spillover Effects: Evidence from Vietnam." Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 10, no. 4 (June 30, 2019): 1213. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v10.4(42).21.
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The purpose of this paper is to examine export spillover effects from foreign invested enterprises (FIEs) to domestic manufacturing and processing firms in the North of Vietnam. The paper extracted panel data from comprehensive surveys on manufacturing and processing enterprises in the North of Vietnam conducted by the General Statistics Office in 2016-2018 period including 14,664 observations. The two export equations of the Heckman model were estimated simultaneously by the Maximum Likelihood Estimator method (MLE) and used strong standard errors (Robust Standard Errors). The empirical results showed that the presence of FIEs created a spillover effect on Vietnam’s decision to export goods. Moreover, the export spillover effect depends on the characteristics of domestic enterprises. Particularly, private enterprises with old ages or owns a high level of capitalization will benefit from export spillover effects.
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KOVTUNENKO, Kseniia, Oleksandra KOVALCHUK, and Roman DOLOKA. "Features of management of export-oriented manufacturing enterprise at entering foreign markets: intellectual aspect." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2021.6.1.
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At the present stage of development of modern Ukrainian enterprises, access to foreign markets is becoming increasingly important, which is why questions about the effective management of export-oriented enterprises are increasingly common and require more detailed research. Most Ukrainian companies that adhere to the vector of development at some point in their existence begin to be interested in the internationalization of their activities and the search for new markets. Internationalization of business is becoming an important prerequisite for further growth and development. Internationalization of the enterprise and entering new foreign markets is an extremely complex process that cannot be done overnight, and to achieve it you need to be sufficiently educated in this topic and systematically plan it, as well as have financial opportunities, audacity and a little luck. To expand the markets for export activities, it is important to answer several questions: who is a potential competitor in a new market, what strategy should be implemented, what may be the features of export activities in a country and what should be considered in managing export activities? Depending on the answers to these and other questions, the success of the implementation of further plans for the expansion of markets and the overall efficiency of foreign economic activity largely depends. In the course of this research the peculiarities of management of modern export-oriented Ukrainian enterprises were considered, and the main stages of the enterprise passing on foreign markets were singled out. In this context, the intellectual aspect deserves special attention when entering foreign markets, which primarily involves the management of intellectual property abroad. When entering foreign markets, it is unacceptable to neglect the intellectual aspect, because most successful enterprises, large and small, are built on well-managed intangible assets or intellectual property.
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MUSHYN, Ivanna, and Ihor TARLOPOV. "Methodological aspects of research of export potential of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 11/2 (November 27, 2020): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.11(2).3.
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Introduction. In the context of globalization and modern economy, all countries are integrated through foreign economic relations and therefore cannot exist separately from others. For the stable economic growth of economic development, the use and realization of export potential is an important factor for developing countries (this group includes Ukraine). The priority for Ukraine is the sphere of agro-industrial complex, which is a strategically important sector and therefore plays a key role in the integration of the state into the world space and, accordingly, occupies an important place in the formation of export potential. The purpose of the paper is to study the term "export potential", as well as its analysis and prospects in Ukraine; analysis of export indicators for previous periods on the example of the agro-industrial sector and providing proposals for methods of capacity analysis. Results. The notion of “export potential” was directly considered as a significant factor influencing Ukraine's integration into the world economy, as well as its direct economic growth. An analysis of Ukraine's exports for 2015-2019 was conducted based on data from the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine in terms of the agricultural market, based on which ways to improve the country's export potential as a component of industry development were identified. Conclusion. The analysis of scientific sources leads to the conclusion that today there is no unambiguous interpretation of the essence of the economic category “export potential of the country, industry”, which determines the relevance of the study. Prospects for further research are to identify concepts for assessing the export potential of the agricultural sector, identify factors influencing its formation and development, including the impact of production capacity of the industry, analysis of trade with major trading partners and identify potential target markets and trade positions of agricultural products.
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Wang, Guidong. "Monopoly behavior of China’s manufacturing enterprises." China Political Economy 2, no. 1 (July 24, 2019): 157–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cpe-04-2019-0011.
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Purpose With the increase of state capital, corporate total factor productivity (TFP) has a tendency to jump up at first and then slowly decrease. Generally, no significant “productivity paradox” can be observed in China’s manufacturing industry. With the increase of export density, corporate TFP also shows a trend of initial jump growth and subsequent slow decline. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Using the 1996–2013 China Industrial Enterprise Database, this paper studies the monopolistic behavior of Chinese manufacturing enterprises through the measurement of TFP and corporate monopoly power. Findings Results show that China’s manufacturing monopoly enterprises are generally innovation-oriented rather than rent-seeking. However, there are certain differences between diversified types of monopoly enterprises: the ones with state capital are more inclined to innovate than those without, whereas the ones with export delivery value are more inclined to seek rent than those without. Originality/value Therefore, the government should implement differentiated policies for diversified types of monopoly enterprises, and do so in a targeted manner fully reflecting the containment of rent-seeking and the encouragement of innovation.
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Balakirev, V. V., and E. Yu Kamchatova. "Risks in export deliveries of SMEs." Entrepreneur’s Guide 14, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24182/2073-9885-2021-14-2-140-149.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of the main risks associated with export deliveries by small and medium–sized industrial enterprises. Of all the many risks that arise in foreign trade deliveries of SMEs, the author identifies two large groups: a priori risks, which are a theoretical plan for working out certain commercial issues of the company’s entry into the foreign market, and a posteriori risks, which become known to the business entity only after entering a foreign market, organizing a specific supply chain, conducting an advertising campaign, etc. The described risk groups — apriori, aposteriori, most specific level — the level of commercial risks of an enterprise engaged in foreign trade deliveries.
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Shasha, Li, Tian Shuo, and Zou Songqi. "Empirical Research on the Influence of Export Market Diversification on Total Factor Productivity:Based on the Perspective of Trade Protection." Journal of Finance Research 4, no. 2 (November 3, 2020): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/jfr.v4i2.5442.
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This paper mainly explores the impact of export market diversification as an important measure to deal with trade friction on firms total factor productivity. Firstly, this article focuses on the theoretical analysis of the impact mechanism, including risk diversification, reversal effect and spillover effect. Based on the sample data of Chinese manufacturing export enterprises from 2000 to 2007, this paper conducts an empirical test on the relationship between export market diversification and total factor productivity. The result indicates that export market diversification has a significant positive effect on the total factor productivity of enterprises. After considering the endogenous problem, by controlling the fixed effects, using the two-stage least square method and changing the duration of the sample for robustness analysis, the results are still consistent. In addition, the role of diversification policy in total factor productivity presents heterogeneous characteristics in terms of different types of enterprise ownership, export intensity, industry competition, trade methods, and the development degree of exporting market. Accordingly, this paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations.
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Luo, Laijun, Yang Yang, Yuze Luo, and Chang Liu. "Export, subsidy and innovation: China’s state-owned enterprises versus privately-owned enterprises." Economic and Political Studies 4, no. 2 (April 2, 2016): 137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20954816.2016.1180766.
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Gorin, Evgeniy A., and Aleksandr A. Zolotarev. "Export Potential of the National Economy: Opportunities and Limitations." Economics of Contemporary Russia, no. 3 (October 12, 2020): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33293/1609-1442-2020-3(90)-103-116.
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Authors consider export opportunities and the structure and dynamics of industrial export and import in the Russian Federation, Northwest Russia and St. Petersburg. The article studies structural changes in sectors of St. Petersburg economy resulting from ongoing innovation processes and their impact on export potential. It provides the results of assessing the impact of organizational, economic and production factors on export opportunities of various economic entities. Export opportunities, structure and dynamics of export and import of industrial products in the Russian Federation, the North-West region and St. Petersburg are considered. Volume of exports, imports and trade turnover in Russia in 2019, as well as the dynamics of changes in recent years are discussed. In the structure of Russia's exports in recent years, the bulk of supplies (60%) were mineral products, imports the main share of exports (over 40%) occurred in the machinery, equipment and vehicles. The high needs of the national market and the significant export potential of Russian enterprises engaged in the production of medicines and modern medical equipment are noted, which makes it possible to make a real contribution to solving important social problems and developing the national economy. The structure of exports and imports of North-West Federal district and St. Petersburg by major commodity groups, there is a saving in purchases of imported equipment combined with constant growth of exports of fuel and energy products are discussed. Structural changes in the economic sectors of St. Petersburg as a result of ongoing innovation processes and their impact on export potential are studied. The results of the assessment of the impact of organizational, economic and production factors on the export opportunities of various economic entities are presented. It is revealed that for industrial enterprises, the quality and cost of components becomes a problematic factor that hinders their development both in improving the product range and in their own technological modernization. For small and medium-sized businesses in industrial production, problems related to timely receipt of high-quality materials and products of the element base from suppliers and related companies, in most cases located abroad, are added. The role of the “Russian export center” as a state institute for supporting non-commodity exports and facilitating export operations was noted.
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Sergienko, Olena, Olena Shapran, Oleksandr Bilotserkivskyi, and Iryna Alieksieieva. "MULTI-SCALE MODEL ELABORATION FOR CREDITWORTHINESS DIAGNOSTICS OF EXPORT PRODUCTION ENTERPRISES OF THE AGRICULTURAL TRADE MARKET." EUREKA: Social and Humanities 6 (November 30, 2019): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2019.001082.
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The methodology for the agrarian enterprises’ creditworthiness diagnostic has been developed and implemented, and has allowed to solve the following objectives: conducting of observations and evaluating of financially-economic indicators, classification of enterprises by the level of creditworthiness, distinction and identification enterprises according to the level of creditworthiness and assessing the differences between classes by creditworthiness, with taking into account the sizes of enterprises. Based on the use of the complex of multidimensional analytical methods, the differences are defined under either one-dimensional evaluation system (by creditworthiness and size) or a two-level assessment of the joint cross impact of factors on creditworthiness. The proposed four-step technology for diagnosing of the agrarian enterprises creditworthiness substantially expands the components of the creditworthiness level evaluation of enterprises and, as a consequence, improves the timeliness of decision-making process about identifying and locating of weaknesses and "bottlenecks". The coverage of a sufficient number of financial and economic indicators and the implementation of a wide range of methods and models enable to fully evaluate and analyze the existing state of creditworthiness with a view to improve and establish the effective functioning of the enterprise as a whole.
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Fazio, Natale Renato, and Carmela Pascucci. "Le esportazioni dei sistemi produttivi locali di piccole e medie imprese nel 2005: i risultati dell'utilizzo di nuove metodologie e fonti statistiche." RIVISTA DI ECONOMIA E STATISTICA DEL TERRITORIO, no. 2 (June 2009): 5–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rest2009-002001.
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- This paper presents findings of a new methodology to attribute national exports to the Local Labour Market Area (LLMA). This methodology allows overcoming limitations due to the use of administrative units, i. e. provinces (NUTS 3), for foreign trade analysis. Methods The methodology is based on several Istat databases (Foreign Trade, Statistic Archive of Active Enterprises and Local Units Archive). In the first part of the work, sources and methodology are described, the second part is devoted to aggregated and macro-sectors results. Results The results show for 2005 that 37.5% of national exports of manufactured goods derived from local systems of small and medium enterprises. The analysis of the exporter enterprises in the 2005-2007 panel, shows that the contribution of these local systems grew slightly from 37.3% in 2005 to 37.5% in 2007. Conclusions The export performance analysis shows different results for Center-North and South LLMA. In southern regions, in spite of lower export activities, there are local systems with significant levels of performance on international markets.JEL: C81, F10, R11, R12Keywords: export, province of departure, microeconomic data, sectorial specialization, local labour market areas (LLMAS), industrial districts.Parole chiave: esportazioni, provincia di origine, dati microeconomici, specializzazione settoriale, sistema locale del lavoro, distretti industriali.
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Ibarra-Morales, Luis Enrique, Monica Blanco-Jimenez, and Beatriz Alejandra Hurtado-Bringas. "Internationalization of industrial small-medium enterprises in an emerging country." Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración 33, no. 1 (November 7, 2019): 71–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arla-10-2018-0223.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to boost the internationalization of companies by implementing key factors that will help them to increase their exports in a context of an emerging country such as Mexico, where very few small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) achieve internationalization. Design/methodology/approach According to different theories on the internationalization of companies, five independent variables were designed to measure their effect on the export performance using a multiple regression model on a sample of 95 Mexican industrial SMEs. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the product price, product quality, installed capacity, innovation capacity and financial capacity on the export performance of SMEs; and to identify the factors that are more significant. Findings The results indicate that innovation has a positive relationship, while the price of the product has a negative relationship with the internationalization of small- and medium-sized enterprises, showing that there is a possibility of overemphasizing the role of both variables in export performance of SMEs, at least in the Mexican context. The rest of the variables were not statistically significant to the generated model, perhaps because they are implicitly considered at the time of exporting and entering international markets. Originality/value These results will help companies to focus their efforts on obtaining resources to maintain and expand exports and find new opportunities in foreign markets to grow. They also show that companies can implement different types of internationalization strategies with the study’s variables to achieve better performance.
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NAZARENKO, Y. A. "TAX MECHANISMS AND CAPITALIZATION OF ENTERPRISES." Economic innovations 21, no. 3(72) (September 20, 2019): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2019.21.3(72).87-97.
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Topicality. Increasing the level of capitalization of the economy is of strategic importance for Ukraine, since market transformation in Ukraine is inherently capitalization of the economy. All this necessitates further investigation of the mechanisms of capitalization of enterprises, including tax mechanisms. Aim and tasks. Analyze the value added tax and customs duties on exports of raw materials, identify their advantages and disadvantages in the context of capitalization of enterprises, develop proposals for improving the administration of these tax instruments. Research results. Value Added Tax (VAT) is the main budget-forming tax in Ukraine. In addition to VAT, there are also other value added taxes - personal income tax and income tax, as these are taxes on part of value added in the form of wages and income. In 2018, the share of value added tax in the total tax revenue in Ukraine was 72%. The conceptual plan of the VAT is reasonable and transparent, but in its implementation there are a number of problems: the complexity of its calculation in terms of costs when buying goods, works and services, VAT refund takes a lot of time and effort, the possibility of so-called "pits" when suppliers After receiving VAT from the buyer, they disappear and tax is not paid to the budget. According to various estimates, due to tax evasion, Ukraine's budget loses up to 25% of net VAT revenues. In the EU, this figure averages only 10%. Global tax trends confirm the dynamics of indirect tax growth, where VAT plays a key role. VAT refusal is not appropriate for Ukraine. The most appropriate approach is to bring the content of the VAT into line with its name and to improve its administration. In this regard, it is proposed to: 1) include in the reporting indicators of the enterprise the indicator "gross value added". This will ensure conceptual unity in the calculation of the results of economic activities at the micro, meso and macro levels and the ability to directly calculate VAT. As part of the improvement of VAT administration, a set of measures is proposed to reduce VAT privileges, to solve the problem of "tax pits", to release contributions of foreign investors to the authorized capital of the enterprise in the form of fixed assets from the payment of VAT. The introduction of a tax on the export of raw materials ensures the formation of new and development of existing value chains, as well as the achievement of the goal of the government of the country - to increase the amount of income of business entities, consumers and the state. Due to the export duties of sunflower seeds, Ukraine is making billions of dollars in exports of sunflower oil (about $ 4 billion in 2017). The abolition of this duty may lead to an increase in processing capacity, a reduction in jobs, and a loss of part of the global sunflower oil market. All this necessitates the adoption of appropriate measures to protect the domestic processing sector: firstly, to negotiate with the EU on the maintenance of customs duties on sunflower seed export, and secondly, to cancel VAT refunds on sunflower seed export. Conclusion. The conceptual plan of the VAT is reasonable and transparent, but its implementation has a number of problems with regard to its calculation, compensation and administration. Global tax trends confirm the dynamics of indirect tax growth, where VAT plays a key role. VAT refusal is not appropriate for Ukraine. The most appropriate approach is to bring the content of the VAT into line with its name and to improve its administration. Introduction of a tax on export of raw materials ensures the formation of new and development of existing value chains.
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Nozaki, Kenji, and Jingwei Shu. "FDI Directed to Thailand by Chinese Enterprises for Circumlocutory Export." Journal of Asian Development 3, no. 2 (May 22, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jad.v3i2.11116.
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The authors have conducted a survey to clarify FDI by Chinese enterprises in Thailand. The aim of our research is to verify the hypothesis that avoiding trade friction is an important determinant of China’s outward FDI, through detailed investigation of individual project. Another aim is to confirm the trends of exports of the items involved from both China and Thailand. We discuss the role of FDI investment in relation to the behavior of the enterprises involved. Literatures indicate that multiple factors influence FDI, including trade barriers. We analyzed individual investment data from the BOI of Thailand. We found that, during 2007 to 2014, 94 projects out of a total of 240 intended to produce items which caused trade friction when exported from China. In fact, 12 of these 94 projects announced that they invested in Thailand to avoid trade frictions. Based on these results, we conclude that a substantial portion of China’s outward FDI in Thailand is to prevent trade friction by aiming to export from Thailand. Exports of such goods from China continue to increase, whereas exports from Thailand are stagnant. A plausible explanation is that these investments were conducted by less competitive enterprises in China.
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Yarosh-Dmytrenko, Liudmila Oleksiivna. "EXPORT ACTIVITY OF MASHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISES WITHIN TRANSFORMATION OF UKRAINIAN FOREIGN TRADE." SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN OF POLISSIA 1, no. 3(11) (2017): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2410-9576-2017-1-3(11)-99-106.
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