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1
Lawrence, Denis Anthony. "Export supply and import demand elasticities." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27368.
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The aim of this thesis is to extend the empirical research which has been undertaken using the GNP function approach to measuring export supply and import demand responsiveness. Exports and imports are divided into several components and detailed sets of elasticities produced. In the second part o£ the thesis imperfect adjustment is allowed for in the GNP function model.
The GNP function framework treats imports as an input to the domestic technology while exports are an output. The aggregate technology can then be represented by a restricted profit function facilitating the derivation of net output supply elasticities. In this study the aggregate net outputs are exports, imports, labour and domestic sales supply. Capital is treated as a fixed input. Time-series of input-output data for Canada are used covering the period 1961 to 1980.
In the first model estimated, four export and four import components are included by the use of aggregator functions and a two-stage estimation process. The recently developed Symmetric Generalised McFadden functional form which permits imposition of the correct curvature conditions while retaining flexibility is used at both the aggregator and GNP function levels. The aggregate export own-price supply elasticity was found to be 1.67 in 1970 while the aggregate import own-price demand elasticity was -1.62. Increases in the prices of both imports and labour were found to decrease the supply of exports while exports were found to be complementary to the output of domestic sales supply. The demand for labour was found to be more elastic than in earlier studies and a general trend towards increasing price responsiveness in the Canadian economy was observed. The own-price elasticities for the four export and four import components were stable and of reasonable magnitude. All the export and import components were found to be complementary.
To remove the assumption of separability, modelling was extended to two larger disaggregated Generalised McFadden GNP function models containing four export (import) components, aggregate imports (exports), labour and domestic sales as net outputs. Using this procedure more substitution between the export and import components was found.
A planning price model whereby the producers' notional price adjusts gradually to actual price changes indicated that imperfect adjustment is particularly important in the traded goods sector. Exports fully adjusted to price changes only over an extended period.
Finally, an adjustment costs model was estimated which indicated that the main effect of allowing for imperfect adjustment was on input use. Differences between long-run and short-run export supply and import demand responsiveness were relatively small. Considerable substitutability between labour and capital in the long-run was observed and since labour was also variable in the short-run this produced overshooting of labour demand. An increase in export prices thus caused a large short-run increase in labour demand but in the long-run the capital stock was increased and substituted for much of the short-run labour increase.Arts, Faculty of
Vancouver School of Economics
Graduate
2
Karlsson, Stefan. "Experimental Database Export/Import for InPUT." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-21089.
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The Intelligent Parameter Utilization Tool (InPUT) is a format and API for thecross-language description of experiments, which makes it possible to defineexperiments and their contexts at an abstract level in the form of XML- andarchive-based descriptors. By using experimental descriptors, programs can bereconfigured without having to be recoded and recompiled and the experimentalresults of third-parties can be reproduced independently of the programminglanguage and algorithm implementation. Previously, InPUT has supported theexport and import of experimental descriptors to/from XML documents, archivefiles and LaTex tables. The overall aim of this project was to develop an SQLdatabase design that allows for the export, import, querying, updating anddeletion of experimental descriptors, implementing the design as an extensionof the Java implementation of InPUT (InPUTj) and to verify the generalapplicability of the created implementation by modeling real-world use cases.The use cases covered everything from simple database transactions involvingsimple descriptors to complex database transactions involving complexdescriptors. In addition, it was investigated whether queries and updates ofdescriptors are executed more rapidly if the descriptors are stored in databasesin accordance with the created SQL schema and the queries and updates arehandled by the DBMS PostgreSQL or, if the descriptors are stored directly infiles and the queries and updates are handled by the default XML-processingengine of InPUTj (JDOM). The results of the test case indicate that the formerusually allows for a faster execution of queries while the latter usually allowsfor a faster execution of updates. Using database-stored descriptors instead offile-based descriptors offers many advantages, such as making it significantlyeasier and less costly to manage, analyze and exchange large amounts of experi-mental data. However, database-stored descriptors complement file-baseddescriptors rather than replace them. The goals of the project were achieved,and the different types of database transactions involving descriptors can nowbe handled via a simple API provided by a Java facade class.
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Besong, Fred Tanyi. "BUSINESS PLAN : Import, Export and Car Trading Company." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-896.
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Being entrepreneurial is pathly being creative. This Master thesis presents a business plan of BEFCO Trading Ltd geared towards solving a problem in the Cameroonian Economy. The English speaking Cameroonians of South West and North West provinces of Cameroon are presently underserved with car sales offerings as there is presently no registered Company in this section of the Country.
An attempt is presently being made through this business plan thanks to the peaceful and favourable circumstances sorrounding the entrepreneurs and the opportunity gap of a niche market. The business plan shows a win to win situation in which the founding entrepreneurs become self employed by solving a problem in the market through novel business combinations.
4
Lanz, Jose I. "Import and export requirements and procedures Venezuela-United States." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002lanzj.pdf.
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Abdalla, Essam. "Import and Export Strategies to Sustain Business Under Economic Sanctions." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4191.
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Economic sanctions can result in more than a 70% decrease in business activities in a sanctioned country. The purpose of this qualitative single case study was to identify the strategies import and export small business owners use to sustain businesses under economic sanctions. The population for this study was import and export small business owners in the state of Khartoum, Sudan. General systems theory served as the conceptual framework and underpinned the study. The data collection included semistructured interviews and government financial reports. Adhering to an interview protocol, conducting transcript reviews of participants' interviews, member checking, and methodological triangulation represented the measures to ensure dependability, trustworthiness, creditability, transferability, and confirmability of the research. The thematic data analysis involved data cleaning, uploading the transcribed interviews into qualitative data analysis software, reorganizing the data, coding relevant information, and methodological triangulation against financial reports from the Central Bank of Sudan and the World Development Bank Indicators. The results from the thematic data analysis led to the identification of some major themes, notably, innovative strategies to secure funding and increase business sustainability despite the unfavorable economic climate consequent to the prevalent economic sanctions. The consensus among participants denoted that creative strategies presented the only choice to overcome the adverse business climate. The study findings may contribute to positive social change as the knowledge from it may aid in the improvement of employment, the living standards, and the prosperity of small businesses and societies in Sudan.
6
Singleton, David Rivers. "A yeast gene that affects both nuclear import and export." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1061561214.
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Potapov, Nikita. "Světový obchod s vybranou komoditou - Případová studie obchodu se zbraněmi." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-256609.
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This thesis deals with the problems of the world arms trade. In the theoretical part are defined through literature and Internet sources basic definitions of weapons and military materials and explains the meaning of the foreign trade as a whole. It is also described in detail commodity and regional structure of world trade and the main indicators in the global arms trade. It also mentioned the most important exporters and importers on the international market and take into account the most important indicator of how military spending. The work also bars the legislative and the first trade arrangements with military equipment and technology. Another point of work is determined by the trend in the arms industry and its influencing factors. The practical part is described by means of the most famous institutes characterization of the main parties and their position on the arms market as the US, Russia, China, Germany, France. There are mentioned the most important trade partners and strongest companies in the armaments industry. The practical part also includes a small history of the arms industry of the Czech Republic in the global arms market, and said the most important products of the last century
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Neves, Carole M. P. "The Export Import Bank of the United States: decay or renewal?" Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76462.
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The Export-Import Bank of the U.S. (Eximbank) is a Federal government agency engaged in the financing of U.S. exports. It is entrusted with maintaining the competitiveness of U.S. exports in various key sectors of the economy. It is a product of F. D. Roosevelt's administration and recently celebrated its fiftieth birthday.
Over the years, Eximbank's missions and activities have changed, both expanding and curtailing its responsibilities. The Bank's reputation in business and government circles has been and continues to be high; however, in recent years, the Bank has been subject to criticism by the Reagan administration which contends that the financial costs of the Bank outweigh its benefits. The Reagan Administration suggested reforms designed to limit the role of the Bank including elimination of the direct loan program.
This thesis traces the development of Eximbank. It reviews literature on Eximbank. It sets forth the history of the Bank and discusses internal and external political and economic structures and processes. It explains some of the functional strengths and weaknesses that affect the Bank's behavior. It discusses four themes that have ordered the Bank's outlook, defined the Bank's priorities and influenced the Bank's performance: the organizational life cycle, the process of institutionalization, the public corporate orientation and the corporate characteristics; and the organizational-environmental adaptations. Finally, it reflects upon the Bank's ability to reformulate its activities and change its behavior for the politics and economics of the 1980s.Ph. D.
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Machovská, Gabriela. "Hospodářské vztahy ČR s JAR s přihlédnutím ke kulturním odlišnostem." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11980.
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The diploma thesis is diveded into 4 parts: basic information about the Republic of South Africa, Export of the goods to the Republic of South Africa, Import of goods from the Republic of South Africa, cultural differences. The thesis focuses on the atractivity of the Republic of South Africa as a business partner for the Czech companies.
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Abali, Elif Ege. "Exchange Rate Pass-through Into The Export And Import Prices Of Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605462/index.pdf.
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In this study, exchange rate pass-through into the export prices and import prices is analyzed separately at the disaggregate level. The study also attempts to differentiate exchange rate pass-through in the short-run and long-run. To analyze pass-through in the short-run, dynamic modeling is used. To analyze pass-through in the long-run, cointegration analysis is conducted. Estimation results show that exchange rate pass-through into the import prices is complete even at the disaggregate level. However, there is variation in the pass-through into the export prices across sectors both in the short-run and long-run. Not all exporting sectors, even in a small open economy like Turkey, are price takers in the foreign markets.
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Pathóová, Anikó. "Podnikatelský plán Vinotéky Agrovaria export-import spol.s.r.o pro Slovenskou a Českou republiku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-667.
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Diplomová práce je zaměřena na vysvětlení teorie tvorby podnikatelského plánu, která je následně aplikována na podnikatelský plán společnosti Agrovaria export-import spol.s.r.o. Dále tvoří část práce i vysvětlení analýz, které jsou obvykle součástí podnikatelského plánu(SWOT analýza, analýza konkurence). Vybrané problémy mezinárodního marketingu upozorní na časté chyby a rizika s kterými při vstupu na mezinárodní trh třeba počítat, dále uvádí možné formy vstupu pro MSP na mezinárodní trhy a vysvětluje postup eurokontroly. Výsledkem praktické aplikace výše zmíněné teorie je podnikatelský plán Vinotéky Agrovaria export-import spol.s.r.o.
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Subotič, Sven. "Export Strategies of Intertrade CS a.s." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-16829.
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The work describes the notion of international trade with focus on the theory interlinked with pracice. The extended focus is on business environment of Slovenia and the Czech Republic. The thesis presents the risks, purposes and advantages of doing business internationally. Furthermore, there are examples of specific companies in related industries and the products that are offered on different markets. The idea of the work is to give an insight to those who are interested in international business (exporting and importing) with various application of strategies.
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Fernandes, Pereira Carina. "The influenza A virus NS1 protein and viral mRNA nuclear export." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/275570.
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Influenza A virus (IAV) replication and transcription occur in the host cell nucleus; a feature which means both the viral genome (vRNA) and mRNA must be exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The mechanism by which vRNA nuclear export is achieved has been well characterised, but how viral mRNAs are exported is poorly understood. The cellular NXF1-dependent mRNA export pathway has been shown to be involved in the export of some viral mRNAs, but how they are recruited to this pathway is unknown. Prior work from our laboratory showed that segment 7 mRNA was inefficiently exported to the cytoplasm in a sub-viral ‘minireplicon’ system, providing the first indication that there were viral requirements for IAV mRNA nuclear export. Further addition of individual viral polypeptides was tested and the effect on segment 7 mRNA export was analysed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal microscopy. This identified the NS1 protein as the viral factor required for efficient segment 7 nuclear export. Mutational studies on NS1 were carried out to unveil the mechanistic role of this protein in viral mRNA nuclear export, by plasmid transfection as well as in the context of recombinant viruses. These approaches indicated that both functional domains of NS1 were necessary to preserve the mRNA export function. Furthermore, these mutant proteins were used to examine the association between NS1 and the NXF1-dependent pathway in the context of mRNA nuclear export. Protein-protein and protein-RNA binding assays indicated that interactions between NXF1 and NS1, and NXF1 and segment 7 mRNA were necessary, but not sufficient to promote segment 7 viral mRNA export. Lastly, the role of NS1 protein in the nuclear export of viral mRNAs from other genome segments was studied. The intracellular localisation of most viral mRNAs was not affected by the absence of NS1 or the presence of an export-incompetent NS1 mutant protein. However, segment 4 mRNA exhibited a similar phenotype to segment 7 mRNA in showing a dependence on NS1 for efficient nuclear export. Overall, the results presented in this dissertation suggest that NS1 acts as an adaptor protein between the viral RNA synthesis machinery and cellular export pathway. This provides deeper insights for the characterization of a recently identified function of the IAV NS1 protein, of being required for the efficient nuclear export of mRNA from “late” kinetic class viral genes.
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Ho, To Ming. "Export supply and import demand functions of Hong Kong : a dual production theory approach." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239404.
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Worwood, Brady K. "Analysis of the Import, Export, and Bioavailability of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Within Pineview Reservoir." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1124.
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This study was conducted to provide new and useful data about Pineview Reservoir and its watershed, produce water and phosphorus (P) budgets for Pineview Reservoir, test the validity of conclusions made in the Pineview Reservoir Total Maximum Daily Loading (TMDL) document, and create estimates of nitrogen (N) loading to the reservoir from both surface and ground water sources. The production of the water and P budgets, as well as the N loading estimates, was accomplished by measuring flow, nitrate, ammonium, total phosphorus (TP), and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) that was entering and exiting the reservoir through surface water sources and the reservoir outlet over a period of approximately 2 years (2008 to 2010). Estimates of ground water contributions to the reservoir were also made using ground water P and N concentration data from a parallel study and ground water flow estimates from the literature. In order to test the validity of claims made in the TMDL, internal reservoir parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, TP, orthophosphorus (OP), nitrate, ammonium and dissolved iron (Fe) were measured at the surface, thermocline, and hypolimnion of five sampling locations within the reservoir over the same sampling period. Chlorophyll A was also measured near the surface of the sites during each sampling event. Contrary to the conclusions made by the TMDL it was found that the internal cycling of nutrients, especially P, is occurring in Pineview Reservoir and that annually observed phytoplankton blooms can be attributed to the release of benthic nutrients. It was also found that there is a large store of sediment P that is currently or potentially could be made available for transfer into the water column. It was estimated that 14,800 kg of P was exported from the reservoir over the one-year sample period of 4/15/2009 to 4/14/2010. This large P release is due to the practice of exporting P rich hypolimnetic water throughout the summer irrigation season. It was shown that more P could be exported if outflows were increased during this period. P budgets indicated that P may not currently be building up within Pineview Reservoir, but given the limited amount of ground water data available for the Reservoir’s watershed, further ground water flow and nutrient data are necessary to substantiate this claim. This study has helped to provide a clearer picture of the trophic status and internal P cycles of Pineview Reservoir. It has also helped to answer questions about the reservoir that have been overlooked in previous studies, such as the magnitude of internal P loading and the importance of Spring Creek and Geertsen Creek in the reservoir’s water budget. This and other information gathered during this study could prove to be a useful benchmark for measuring the effectiveness of future efforts to improve water quality in the reservoir.
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Bezchlebová, Martina. "Export a import zboží a služeb zemí EU v období let 2007 až 2011." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113595.
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Diploma thesis deals with the development of export and import of goods and services of EU in years 2001 - 2007. There is the summary of the course before the crisis in 2001-2007 described in this work. The crisis didn't start in all EU countries at the same time. Old member countries were mostly hit by the crisis earlier than new member countries. Current crisis has had big influence at the export and the import of goods and services of EU. Crisis showed us lack both in Eurozone and in EU too.
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Cardoso, Rebeca. "HPV11 E7 Protein Interacts with Nup62 and CRM1 Nuclear Export Receptor." Thesis, Boston College, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104423.
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Thesis advisor: Junona MoroianuIn this study we investigated the hydrophobic interactions between HPV11 E7 and the FG regions of Nup62N through transfection assays with EGFP-11E7 fusion plasmids in HeLa cells and binding assays with GST-Nup62N immobilized on Glutathione-Sepharose beads. We found that EGFP-11cE7 binds to Nup62N. This suggests a possible mechanism for the nuclear import of HPV11 E7 through direct hydrophobic interactions between its carboxy-terminus and the FG region of Nup62. The interaction between HPV11 E7 and CRM1 nuclear export receptor was also examined using similar methods. Binding between these proteins suggest that nuclear export of 11E7 is mediated by CRM1 binding to its leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES)
Thesis (BS) — Boston College, 2013
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: College Honors Program
Discipline: Biology
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Yarmukhamedov, Sherzod. "Trade effects of exchange rate fluctuations: Evidence from Sweden." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Nationalekonomi, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-3127.
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An overview of the theoretical literature for the last two decades suggests that there is no clear-cut relationship one can pin down between exchange rate volatility and trade flows. Analytical results are based on specific assumptions and only hold in certain cases. Especially, the impact of exchange rate volatility on export and import activity investigated separately leads also to dissimilar conclusions among countries studied. The general presumption is that an increase in exchange rate volatility will have an adverse effect on trade flows and consequently, the overall heath of the world economy. However, neither theoretical models nor empirical studies provide us with a definitive answer, leaving obtained results highly ambiguous and inconsistent (Baum and Caglayan, 2006). We purposed to empirically investigate trade effects of exchange rate fluctuations in Sweden from the perspective of export and import in this research. The data comprises period from January 1993 to December 2006, where export and import volumes are considered from the point of their determinants, including exchange rate volatility, which has been measured through EGARCH model. The results for the case of Sweden show that short run dynamics of volatility negatively associated with both export and import, whereas considered from the case of previous period volatility it exhibits positive relationship. These results are consistent with the most findings of prior studies, where the relationship remained ambiguous.
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Riese, Sarah [Verfasser]. "Dayton Import-Export : Peacebuilding Negotiations Between Interveners and Intervened in Bosnia and Herzegovina / Sarah Riese." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1064307086/34.
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Lindberg, Rasmussen Lilith. "En bild av vår tids Europa : en religionsvetenskaplig analys av Ulrich Seidls film Import/Export." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för kultur-, religions- och utbildningsvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-14496.
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Denna uppsats innehåller min tolkning av filmen Import/Export (2007) av Ulrich Seidl i syfte att skapa ökad förståelse för människan och kulturen i dagens Öst- och Västeuropa och att få fram de föreställningar som präglar kulturmöten mellan öst- och västeuropéer. Undersökningen genomfördes med hjälp av en hermeneutisk metod i kombination med Emile Durkheims funktionalistiska teori, postkoloniala teorier och Geert Hofstedes teori om kulturdimensioner. Undersökning visade att både öst- och västeuropeiska samhällen i filmen präglas av anomi. Värden grupperade kring dikotomierna individualism/kollektivism, maskulinitet/femininitet och osäkerhetsundvikande framställs tydligast i filmen. Livsåskådningsanalys visade att en materialistisk verklighetsuppfattning dominerar i både Öst- och Västeuropa tillsammans med övervägande pessimistisk och negativ grundhållning, vilket i sin tur påverkar både karaktärernas människosyn och deras handlingar. Skillnader i livsåskådning mellan öst- och västeuropéer bygger på skillnader i de förhärskande kulturella värdena och därmed på skild människosyn. Kulturmöten mellan öst- och västeuropéer i filmen präglas av främlingsrädsla och främlingsfientlighet. De bygger på västeuropéernas koloniala föreställningar om Östeuropa och dess invånare som ociviliserade barbarer, som ska ”civiliseras” av Väst samt på östeuropéernas föreställningar om Västeuropa och dess invånare som Antikrist och ärkefiende som man ska skydda sig mot. Europas nutid framställs i filmen på ett dystert sätt. Det finns även scener som utgör paralleller till Oswald Spenglers verk Västerlandets undergångoch kan tyda på filmskaparens pessimistiska syn på Europas utveckling i riktning mot undergång.
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Vicario, Niko (Nicholas Klein). "Import/export : raw materials, hemispheric expertise, and the making of Latin American art, 1933-1945." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101545.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Illustrations on pages 242 to 288 redacted.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 290-313).
Historians have tended to characterize Latin American art either as a self-evident term or as a category designated by U.S. institutions. This dissertation argues instead that artists from the region were agents in shaping this emerging field through their selective cooperation with, and resistance to, the United States' Good Neighbor Policy networks. Artists, haunted by criticisms that art in Latin America was a "cultural import" from Europe, engaged with a U.S. market that treated their art as a source of "exportable prestige." This dissertation analyzes the entanglement of this cultural discourse of import/export with the mechanisms of commerce as a new paradigm for thinking about Latin American art. The period that is the focus of this dissertation-l 933 to 1945-represented a transitional era between Latin America's "export age" (1870-1930) and postwar modernization, import substitution industrialization, and the birth of what would come to be known as developmentalism (desarrollismo). Framed by the Great Depression and by World War II, this "long decade" was coeval with the Good Neighbor Policy, in which the nations of the Americas pledged non-intervention in the hemisphere and more intimate commercial and cultural ties. Through case-studies of Candido Portinari, David Alfaro Siqueiros, Joaquin Torres-Garcia, and Nelson Rockefeller, the dissertation places special emphasis upon the relationship between materiality, raw materials, and import substitution industrialization in analyzing works of art and the networks in which they were mobile.
by Niko Vicario.
Ph. D.
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Seydlitz, Josefine. "Import : An Analytic and Econometric Study of Regions." Thesis, Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1133.
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This is unique study of import is of the greatest importance, since no studies of import
across regions have earlier been performed. Import is a driving force of innovations and
therefore most important for a stable growth. This master thesis is about interregional import,
as well as the strong spatial concentration of imports in the Swedish system of network.
Five hypothesises are presented in the last section of chapter two. The variables to be used
in the analysis are then divided into two main groups, before empirically tested in different
combinations of regression models.
The main conclusion of this thesis is a significant correlation between import, and the two
independent variables export and firm R&D, and its result goes in line with the theoretical
framework of this thesis, regional specialisation in import and export nodes
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Moloto, Phineas Rameshovo. "Growth Trends in the South African Manufactured Export Industry." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28425.
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Through empirical research the researcher gained an in-depth knowledge regarding the growth trends in the South African manufactured export industry as well as the factors determining the patterns of growth and champion industries. Finally, recommendations that may be used by relevant authorities and scholars were made. To researchers, a study at disaggregated level into the growth trends of each manufactured export sub-sector should be central to future research.Dissertation (MA (Economics))--University of Pretoria, 2005.
Economics
unrestricted
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Becker, Shanae. "From import to export the Yoido Full Gospel Church as exemplar in South Korean Protestant Christianity /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1543.
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Bénard, Jeremy. "Import, export et traduction sémantiques génériques basés sur une ontologie de langages de représentation de connaissances." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0021/document.
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Les langages de représentation de connaissances (LRCs) sont des langages qui permettent de représenter et partager des informations sous une forme logique. Il y a de nombreux LRCs. Chaque LRC a un modèle structurel abstrait et peut avoir plusieurs notations. Ces modèles et notations ont été conçus pour répondre à des besoins de modélisation ou de calculabilité différents, ainsi qu'à des préférences différentes. Les outils actuels gérant ou traduisant des RCs ne travaillent qu'avec quelques LRCs et ne permettent pas – ou très peu – à leurs utilisateurs finaux d'adapter les modèles et notations de ces LRCs. Cette thèse contribue à résoudre ces problèmes pratiques et le problème de recherche original suivant : “une fonction d'import et une fonction d'export de RCs peuvent-elle être spécifiées de façon générique et, si oui, comment leurs ressources peuvent-elles êtres spécifiées ?”. Cette thèse s'inscrit dans un projet plus vaste dont l'objectif général est de faciliter le partage et la réutilisation des connaissances liées aux composants logiciels et à leurs présentations. L'approche suivie dans cette thèse est basée sur une ontologie de LRCs nommée KRLO, et donc sur une représentation formelle de ces LRCs.KRLO a trois caractéristiques importantes et originales auxquelles cette thèse à contribué : i) elle représente des modèles de LRCs de différentes familles de façon uniforme, ii) elle inclut une ontologie de notations de LRCs, et iii) elle spécifie des fonctions génériques pour l'import et l'export de RCs dans divers LRCs. Cette thèse a contribué à améliorer la première version de KRLO (KRLO_2014) et à donner naissance à sa seconde version. KRLO_2014 contenait des imprécisions de modélisation qui rendaient son exploitation difficile ou peu pratique. Cette thèse a aussi contribué à la spécification et l'opérationnalisation de “Structure_map”, une fonction permettant d'écrire de façon modulaire et paramétrable toute autre fonction utilisant une boucle. Son utilisation permet de créer et d'organiser les fonctions en une ontologie de composants logiciels. Pour implémenter une fonction générique d'export basée sur KRLO, j'ai développé SRS (Structure_map based Request Solver), un résolveur d'expressions de chemins sur des RCs. SRS interprète toutes les fonctions. SRS apporte ainsi une validation expérimentale à la fois à l'utilisation de cette primitive (Structure_map) et à l'utilisation de KRLO. Directement ou indirectement, SRS et KRLO pourront être utilisés par GTH (Global Technologies Holding), l'entreprise partenaire de cette thèseKnowledge Representation Languages (KRLs) are languages enabling to represent and share information in a logical form. There are many KRLs. Each KRL has one abstract structural model and can have multiple notations. These models and notations were designed to meet different modeling or computational needs, as well as different preferences. Current tools managing or translating knowledge representations (KRs) allow the use of only one or few KRLs and do not enable – or hardly enable – their end-users to adapt the models and notations of these KRLs. This thesis helps to solve these practical problems and this original research problem: “Can a KR import function and a KR export function be specified in a generic way and, if so, how can their resources be Specified ?”. This thesis is part of a larger project the overall objective of which is to facilitate i) the sharing and reuse of knowledge related to software components, and ii) knowledge presentations. The approach followed in this thesis is based on an ontology of KRLs named KRLO, and therefore on a formal representation of these KRLs.KRLO has three important and original features to which this thesis contributed: i) it represents KRL models of different families in a uniform way, ii) it includes an ontology of KRLs notations, and iii) it specifies generic functions for KR import and export in various KRLs. This thesis has contributed to the improvement of the first version of KRLO (KRLO_2014) and to the creation of its second version. KRLO_2014 contained modeling inaccuracies that made it difficult or inconvenient to use. This thesis has also contributed to the specification and the operationalization of “Structure_map”, a function enabling to write any other function that uses a loop, in a modular and configurable way. Its use makes it possible to create and organize these functions into an ontology of software components. To implement a generic export function based on KRLO, I developed SRS (Structure_map based Request Solver), a KR retrieval tool enabling the use of KR path expressions. SRS interprets all functions. SRS thus provides an experimental validation for both the use of this primitive (Structure_map) and the use of KRLO.Directly or indirectly, SRS and KRLO may be used by GTH (Global Technologies Holding), the partner company of this thesis
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Yuan, Chi, and Shuxuan Tang. "Internal and external factors influencing SMEs development : a qualitative case study of import-and-export oriented SMEs in Jiangsu province of China." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1110.
Full textAbstract:
The SME sector of Jiangsu Province of China contributes quite a big percentage to the GDP and solves the unemployment problem. Moreover, the import-and-export industry has been the pillar industry that boosts the development of the economy ofJiangsuProvince. With the take-off ofJiangsu’s economy, problems have also appeared; the import-and-export-oriented SMEs have been influenced by many internal and external factors, and some of the factors are: Yuan appreciation, inflation, industrial structure, skilled employees, and CRM, etc. Therefore, the thesis is going to analyze the internal and external factors that influence the development ofJiangsuimport-and-export-oriented SMEs by researching the books and articles, and make qualitative case studies to observe how these factors have influenced the case companies. In order to make the qualitative case analysis, the authors have travelled back toJiangsuprovince and interviewed with different SME managers with selective questions.
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Eberhard, Jeremy. "Studies on the Nucleocytoplasmic Transport of the E7 Oncoprotein of High-Risk HPV Type 16." Thesis, Boston College, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3293.
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Thesis advisor: Junona MoroianuHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been estimated to be the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. In addition to condyloma accuminata, infection of the squamous basal epithelium by high-risk HPVs, notably type 16 (HPV16), has been shown to be the primary etiological agent in the majority of cervical carcinomas. The E7 major transforming protein of HPV16, along with E6, has been linked to tumorigenesis and malignancy. While the E7 protein itself possesses no enzymatic activity, its ability to bind a number of nuclear and cytoplasmic targets subverts a variety of cellular regulatory complexes and facilitates viral replication. Previous studies in the Moroianu Lab have shown the HPV16 E7 oncoprotein to translocate across the nuclear pore complex (NPC) in a facilitated manner dependent on a non-canonical, c-terminal, nuclear localization signal (cNLS) for import, and a consensus leucine-rich nuclear export sequence (NES) for export (28). While the leucine-rich NES has been characterized, a full examination of the cNLS has yet to be performed. Here we present evidence that the karyopherin independent nuclear import mediated by the cNLS of 16E7 is dependent on its c-terminal Zn binding domain. Furthermore, we demonstrate that nuclear import is mediated by the direct interaction of a small patch of hydrophobic residues, 65LRLCV69, with the FG domain of the central FG-nucleoporin Nup62. In addition, we examined a potential regulatory mechanism of 16E7 nucleocytoplasmic translocation. Previous work has shown that a serine conserved in the high-risk HPVs at position 71 is phosphorylated by an unknown kinase. Here we present evidence that while phosphorylation of S71 is not required for either 16E7 nuclear localization or nuclear export in HeLa cells, mimicking phosphorylation of the S71 residue results in a statistically significant shift in the distribution of localization phenotypes of the resultant cell population toward a larger percentage exhibiting more nuclear localization. These data suggest that nucleocytoplasmic transport of 16E7 is, at least in part, a regulated process
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2013
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Biology
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Farah, Sagal, and Izabella Arshamian. "Skillnader mellan Sverige och Kina- Utrikeshandel & Hinder i samband med godstransport." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Industriell ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-27549.
Full textAbstract:
Den ökade globaliseringen har främjat utrikeshandeln. Vidare har de minskaderestriktionerna och handelshindren medfört att företag numera är verksamma på en global och turbulent marknad. Syftet med denna studie är att jämföra Sverige och Kina medavseende på utrikeshandel och hinder. Inom utrikeshandeln är hinder i samband medgodstransport ett vanligt förekommande problem av den anledningen kommer dessahinder analyseras och studeras. Sverige har valts att undersökas för att tillföra ett svensktperspektiv och bidra till en ökad insikt inom svensk utrikeshandel. Kina har valts attundersökas eftersom det är en ekonomisk världsledande nation inom utrikeshandeln.Vidare har forskningsfrågor formulerats och dessa har besvarats med hjälp avtillhandahållen data av Världsbankens enkätundersökning. Den erhållna datan harbearbetats och analyserats med hjälp av envariabels- och flervariabelanalys som harbehandlats av statistikprogrammet Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Iden teoretiska referensramen har data samlats in genom kurslitteratur, vetenskapligaartiklar och webbkällor. I resultatavsnittet har tabeller och diagram upprättats för att åskådliggöra skillnader mellan Sveriges och Kinas utrikeshandel och hinder med avseende på export, import, stöld, skadat gods, och transporttid. Av resultatet framgår det att andelen importeratmaterial och råvaror anges vara dubbelt så stor i Sverige i jämförelse med Kina. I slutsatsen framgår det att finns markanta skillnader mellan Sverige och Kina gällandeländernas utrikeshandel och hinder. Vidare har förbättringsåtgärder och lösningarpresenterats med teorin som utgångspunkt. Några av dessa innefattar implementering aveffektiviserade och optimerade distributionssystem och utformningen av hållbara ochsäkra godsförpackningar för att minska förekomsten av skadat gods under transport. Denna studie behandlar ett nytt forskningsområde och kommer huvudsakligen tillföra nykunskap inom Sveriges och Kinas utbyteshandel och hinder i samband med godstransportvilket är ett aktuellt fenomen med hög relevans. Med hjälp av aktuell forskning kanförekommande hinder i samband med godstransport analyseras och förebyggas.
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Filipová, Šárka. "Mezinárodní obchod s vínem." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72147.
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The first chapter talks about general aspects of wine, its typology and historical development of production and trade in wine but also about specific aspects of wine marketing. The second chapter is devoted to analyzing main producers, importers and exporters of wine together with contemporary trends in wine sector. The last chapter compares the EU's and Australia's trading policy, dealing with the Agreement between the EU and Australia on trade in wine and in the end is dedicated to the issue of the geographical indications at the WTO.
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Oshungade, Stephen Ayodele. "The relationship between gross domestic product (GDP), inflation, import and export from a statistical point of view." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/52579/.
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The term relationship in a general statistical concept connotes a wide range of meanings and applications. However, the resultant meaning of the term usually focus on the principle of connectivity, association, causation, inter-relationship, or linkages between variables. In view of this, the thesis reports on the statistical relationships between GDP, Inflation, Export and import. The study utilized 65 countries with data ranging from 1970 to 2011. The research, which is an applied empirical, involves two phases. The first phase dealt with the exploration of nature and pattern of Granger causality concept by using GDP and inflation. In this phase, we first ensured the stationarity and stability of our time series variables are maintained. The stationary and non-stationary instruments utilized include ADF, PP, KPSS, Chow and Quandt tests. After these, we carried out extensive computations using the Granger causality. It should be noted that the concept of Granger causality is concerned with how a variable X can enhance or better the prediction of other variable Y by using the principle of cause and effect. In the second phase of the study, we explored the possible linkages of exports and imports to the Granger causality of GDP and Inflation that were established in Phase 1. To achieve this, we first carried out pairwise Granger causality tests on the four variables (GDP, Inflation, Export and Import) and then considered further computations and testing on the said variables by utilizing the principles of Bayes theorem, assignment problem models, coefficient of variation and other relevant statistical concepts. In fact, the results at this phase are the major contributions to knowledge. The general description of the study embraced the conceptual steps, where we considered relevant literatures on Granger causality and theory of some statistical principles and practices as earlier mentioned above. Next, we have the empirical studies description in which the methodology, results/findings and interpretations on the study were considered. Based on our findings, we conclude that Inflation “Granger causes” GDP most often occurred than the other combinations of Granger causality between Inflation and GDP. Also, it was established that countries with developed economies supported the Granger causality concept better than the developing economies. This result can be attributed to the stability of most of the developed economy variables, while it is unstable with most of the developing economy countries. With countries supporting Granger causality, we have uniformly distributed pattern for the three types in the developed economies whilst skewed toward Inflation “Granger causes” GDP for the developing economies. For other important conclusions, we could establish that less volatility of export over import supports the bidirectional Granger causality whilst higher volatility of exports over import is relationally linked to the unidirectional Granger causality. We inferred also that when there is unidirectional Granger causality between inflation and import (or export), there is also unidirectional causality between GDP and inflation by the Bayes' Rule; and when there is bidirectional Granger causality between GDP and import only, there is bidirectional causality between GDP and inflation.
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McKee, Courtney Holmes. "Characterization of the nuclear import and export signals of the E7 protein of human papillomavirus type 11." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1957.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Junona MoroianuThe E7 protein of low risk HPV11 has been shown to interact with multiple proteins, including pRb, in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. High risk HPV16 E7 and low risk HPV11 E7 share a novel nuclear import pathway independent of karyopherins but dependent on the GTPase Ran (Angeline, et al., 2003; Knapp, et al., 2009; Piccioli, et al., 2010). We continued to analyze the nucleocytoplasmic transport of HPV11 E7 in vivo through transfection assays in HeLa cells with EGFP-HPV11 E7 wild type and mutant fusion constructs. We found that nuclear localization of HPV11 E7 is mediated by a nuclear localization signal located in the C-terminal domain which contains a unique zinc-binding domain. Mutations of cysteine residues that interfered with zinc-binding clearly disrupted the nuclear localization of the EGFP-11cE7 and EGFP-11E7 mutants. These data suggest that the integrity of the zinc-binding domain is essential for the nuclear localization of HPV11 E7. In addition, we discovered that HPV11 E7 has a leucine-rich C-terminal nuclear export signal (NES) (76IRQLQDLLL84) mediating the nuclear export of HPV11 E7 in a CRM1-dependent manner
Thesis (BS) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Biology Honors Program
Discipline: Biology
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George, Romy Leigh. "A critical investigation and performance management in the import and export industry in Cape Town, South Africa." Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1757.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
DOCTOR TECHNOLOGIAE
Human Resource Management
CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
2014This study sought to gain a better understanding of the recruitment and performance management functions in the import and export industry in Cape Town, South Africa. While many studies have been conducted on recruitment and performance management, there is a paucity of research on these two functions within the industry. Recruitment and performance management are vital human capital and human resource (HR) functions that play a crucial role in guaranteeing an organisation’s ability to achieve its business strategy. Furthermore, studies have shown that in recent years, performance management has become intrinsic to most organisations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop awareness relating to the importance of the recruitment and performance management functions, among all levels of management. The research comprised five phases of data collection from 151 randomly selected respondents. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to gain insight into how these two functions were executed within the industry under investigation. Thereafter a performance management module was developed and implemented, and the questionnaire was redistributed after six months. The results support the view that the functions of recruitment and performance management are poorly managed within the industry. Furthermore, the intervention of the performance management module indicates that interaction with employees relating to individual performance enhances both their work performance and general awareness of inter-personal and organisational issues. The findings from this research suggest that recruitment and performance management are essential HR practices often overlooked in an environment that is random and extremely demanding. Disregard of these practices, especially performance management, has proved to have a negative impact on employee job performance. It is therefore recommended that organisations follow processes and invest in such programmes, not only to achieve their organisational goals, but also to develop and enhance employee performance. This study has specific and important implications for the import and export industry in Cape Town, substantiating the researcher’s premise that effective recruitment and performance management can improve and facilitate the management of the industry’s employees.
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Leesing, Ratanaporn. "Identification et validation de marqueurs spécifiques pour la traçabilité de poissons d'aquaculture lors de leur import-export." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20150.
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Obešlo, František. "Exportní a importní funkce (empirická analýza na příkladě České republiky)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201093.
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This work focuses on import and export of goods of the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic is very open country in European Union. Ratio of import and export of goods and services to GDP is above European Union average. The goal is to find explaining variables, which has an influence on import and export of goods and to create robust and economically interpretable models. Models are created by cointegration analysis. The advantage of cointegration analysis and error correction models is avoiding spurious regression and differentiation of short-term and long-term relations. There will be used two attitudes for creation of models: with help of ADL models and Johansen method, which serve to comparison of results. There is a space for test of influence of exchange rate shocks on import and export of goods in the end.
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Mikutaitė, Birutė. "Lietuvos užsienio prekyba Europos Sąjungos kontekste." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070103_125111-45708.
Full textAbstract:
Magistro baigiamajame darbe „Lietuvos užsienio prekyba Europos Sąjungos kontekste“
nagrinėjama užsienio prekyba Lietuvoje ir jos kitimas 1990 – 2005 metų laikotarpyje.
Nagrinėjamu laikotarpiu reformų pagrindu įvykęs ūkio nuosmukis ir Rusijos krizė neigiamai
įtakojo užsienio prekybą, todėl jos apimtys krito. 2000 m. ekonominis nuosmukis baigėsi.
Lietuvos gamintojai perorientavo prekybos srautus iš Rytų į Vakarų valstybes. Užsienio prekyba
augo intensyviai, kol 2005 m. pasiek÷ aukščiausią lygį. Prekybos liberalizavimas, įstojimas į ES,
PPO turėjo teigiamos įtakos importo ir eksporto plėtrai.
Darbo objektas – Lietuvos užsienio prekyba 1990 – 2005 metais.
Darbo tikslas – remiantis statistiniais matematiniais metodais pagal užsienio prekybos
statistinius duomenis išanalizuoti Lietuvos užsienio prekybos kitimo tendencijas ir jų priežastis,
įvertinti užsienio prekybos pokyčius integruojantis į ES bendrąją rinką, nustatyti prekių grupių,
šalių ir šalių grupių įtaką užsienio prekybai.
Darbas susideda iš dviejų dalių: teorinės ir tiriamosios dalies. Darbo rezultatai
pateikiami suformuluojant išvadas ir teikiant pasiūlymus. Darbe pateiktos 8 diagramos ir 19
priedų.
Teorinėje dalyje apžvelgiama užsienio prekybos istorija, jos teorijos, tyrimo metodai,
konkurencingumas, eksportą ir importą įtakojantys veiksniai, laisvosios prekybos poveikis
užsienio prekybai.
Analitinėje darbo dalyje apžvelgiama eksporto ir importo dinamika bei jų pokyčių
pagrindiniai veiksniai. Taikant matematinius... [to full text]Foreign trade and its’ dynamics tendencies of Lithuania is analyzed in this final work of master in 1990 – 2005. Economics recession and Russia crisis has a negative impact on foreign trade of Lithuania. The decline in trade reduced its volume. Foreign trade was on the increase in 2000 – 2005. Lithuanian manufacturers have found market in the West countries. The volume of trade reached the new high level in 2005. Entry to European Union (EU), World Trade Organization (WTO) and trade liberality had a positive impact to export and import expansion. The work object is Lithuanian foreign trade in 1990 – 2005. The main aim of this work is to analyze foreign trade dynamic tendencies; to assess foreign trade changes in the process of integration to EU market, to assess the influence of exported and imported commodity groups, states and states groups to Lithuanian foreign trade. The final work contains two parts: theory and practice. There are 8 diagrams in this work. There are deductions, recommendations, literature and 19 appendices at the end of this final work. There is reviewed foreign trade history, theories, research methods, competitive abilities, influence factors of export and import, free trade demand and supply in the first (theory) part. There is analyzed export, import dynamics and their main factors in the second (practice) part of the work. Computing statistical mathematical methods and calculations there was used factorial – indexation (correlation) analysis to... [to full text]
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Milašienė, Regina. "Užsienio prekybos įtaka šalies ekonomikai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070108_120609-14012.
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Užsienio prekyba yra būtina rinkos ekonomikos sąlygomis. Šiandiena be užsienio
prekybos plėtros yra neįmanoma pasaulinė ekonomikos raida. Užsienio prekyba daro tiesioginę
įtaką šalies vidaus rinkai: aktyvėja konkurencija, nes atsiranda pajėgūs konkurentai iš užsienio.
Padidėjusi konkurencija verčia vietiniam gamintojams konkuruoti ne tik kainomis, bet prekės
kokybe, dizainu ir pan.
Tarptautinė prekyba – tai apsikeitimas prekėmis ir paslaugomis tarp valstybių. Tarptautinė
prekyba įpareigoja šalis gauti tam tikrą prekių ir paslaugų pigiau, negu jos pačios gali pasigaminti
(lyginamasis pranašumas), arba sudaro sąlygas vartoti prekes ir paslaugas, kurių nebūtų galima
gauti iš savo šalies tiekėjų (pavyzdžiui, mažai žaliavų arba pažangesnė technologija).
Lietuvos vykdoma ekonominė politika šiuo metu grindžiama į eksportą orientuotos plėtros
modeliu. Tikėtina, jog ateityje stiprės lietuviškų produktų skverbimasis į naujas ES ir pasaulio
rinkas, ypač bus didelė paklausa geros kokybės ekologiškiems ir natūraliems maisto produktams.
Lietuvos eksporto apimtys per pastaruosius šešis metus išaugo 130,87 proc. t.y. nuo 14,1
mlrd. Lt 2000 m. iki 32.76 mlrd. Lt 2005 m.
2004 m. gegužės mėn. Lietuva tapo Europos Sąjungos (toliau – ES) nare. ES iš penkiolikos
šalių (ES-15) tapo dvidešimt penkių šalių grupe (ES-25). Lietuvos integracija į ES paveikė visą
Lietuvos ūkį, įskaitant ir Lietuvos užsienio prekybinius santykius. Apie teigiamą integracijos į ES
įtaką šalies užsienio prekybos plėtrai... [to full text]The policy of economics of Lithuania is based on the model of expansion orientated to the export. It is credible that entering of Lithuanian production to new markets of European Union and entire world will strengthen in future, also the demand of good quality ecological and natural foodstuff will be especially great. The range of the export of Lithuania has grown for 130, 87 per cent, that is from 14, 1 billion of litas in the year of 2000 up to 32, 76 billion of litas in the year of 2005. Lithuania became the member of European Union (EU) on March of 2004. EU earlier consisted of 15 states members (EU-15) became a group of 25 states (EU-25). The integration of Lithuania to EU had influenced all economy / farm of Lithuania including commercial relations with foreign countries. The growth of ranges of the export shows positive influence of the integration to EU on state’s expansion of foreign trade. The export has grown for 24, 2 per cent comparing first half-year of 2004 and first half-year of 2005. According to analysis of goods structure of the export of period of 2000 – 2005 the greatest part of the export was composed of mineral products – 176, 4 per cent, machines and mechanisms – 151, 8 per cent, transport and transport equipment – 161, 60 per cent. The range of the import of Lithuania within last six years has grown for 97, 7 per cent, that is from 21, 8 billion of litas in the year of 2000 up to 43, 1 billion of litas in the year of 2005. According to goods... [to full text]
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Matuzonis, Tomas. "Lietuvos tarptautinės prekybos plėtros galimybės." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070108_121629-16562.
Full textAbstract:
Kiekvienos valstybės ekonominė raida yra priklausoma nuo tarptautinių ekonominių santykių. Tarptautinė prekyba stipriai įtakoja tokius valstybių ekonominius rodiklius kaip bendrą vidaus produktą (BVP), mokėjimų balansą, ūkio augimo tempus, užimtumą ir kt., todėl jos analizės jokiu būdu negalima atmesti Autorius darbe pateikia Lietuvos užsienio prekybos raidos ir struktūros analizę 1990-2005 metais. Supažindinama su tarptautinės prekybos teoriniais aspektais, teorijomis, skirtingai aiškinančiomis tarptautinės prekybos svarbą valstybės ekonominiuose procesuose. Nagrinėjamos Lietuvos užsienio prekybos ekonominės, socialinės ir politinės prielaidos ir reikšmė. Analizuojama Lietuvos užsienio prekybos apimtis, dinamika, balansas, plačiau aptariami svarbiausi užsienio prekybos partneriai, geografinė struktūra. Nagrinėjama Lietuvos užsienio prekybos importo - eksporto prekinė struktūra, jos kitimo tendencijos. Koreliacinės – regresinės analizės gautų rezultatų pagalba, įrodoma BVP priklausomybė nuo eksporto ir importo srautų. Analizės pagalba nustatoma, kad šiandieninis Lietuvos BVP augimas yra labiau veikiamas importo nei eksporto srautų. Lietuvos tarptautinei prekybai plėtoti autorius siūlo priemonių programą, kurios tikslas - sudaryti palankesnes sąlygas Lietuvos eksporto plėtrai, tradicinių ir naujų eksporto sričių augimui, didesniam lietuviškos kilmės produkcijos pardavimui, bei informacijos apie Lietuvą ir jos gaminamą produkciją bei teikiamas paslaugas skleidimui.The development of each countries economy is dependant on international relations. International trade makes big impact on such economical indicators as GDP (Gross Domestic Product), balance of payments, rate of economy growth, unemployment rate, etc. This is why international trade must be carefully analyzed. The author analyses development and structure of Lithuania’s international trade in the period of 1990 to 2005. Theoretical aspects of international trade, it’s theories, which represent different interpretations of impact of international trade to economical processes, are presented in this work. The study of economical, social and political background of Lithuania’s international trade has been made, as well as the analysis of the scope of Lithuania’s international trade, it’s dynamics, balance, geographical structure, a broader view of the most important partners. The structure of Lithuanian import – export and it’s trends. The dependence of Lithuania’s GDP to export and import flows has been proven with the help of correlative – regressive analysis. The findings of such an analysis also tells that today Lithuania’s economical growth is more influenced on import rather than export. The program for development of Lithuania’s international trade has been given by the author of this work. It’s primary purpose is to give better conditions for Lithuanian export to expand, growth of traditional and new export directions, bigger sales of Lithuanian – made production... [to full text]
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Chien, Kuang-Yao, and 簡光耀. "The Influence of Capital Inflows on Export and Import." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65144746292083368273.
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ADÁMKOVÁ, Anna. "Spolupráce ČR a Číny v zahraničním obchodě." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-153732.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the diploma thesis was to handle the recommendation, which would serve as a useful tool for businesses with the commercial intent on importing goods from China. It was necessary to recognize secondary data and gain primary data in order to comply it. The methodology of the thesis was divided in three parts. In the analytic part, the collecting of secondary information was carried out through the study of literature. The books and the Internet sources of Czech and foreign origin were used. On the basis of this information the literary recherché was written and then the analysis of the foreign trade of the Czech Republic and China was carried out. The synthetic part dealt with the preparation and the realization of the field investigation and its processing. To obtain the primary information the method of controlled conversation was used. The realization of field investigations was carried out in the company of ETA a.s. in Hlinsko. The subsequent evaluation of the field investigation was carried out through the drafting of a practical example, where the company's business cooperation with the Chinese enterprises to the ETA was pointed out. The last part of the application was devoted to the processing of recommendations of good practice when dealing with China, which presented a firm from the Czech Republic as the importer, and China's venture as the exporter, according to the example of the ETA company. The aim of the recommendation, which was established in the framework of this thesis, is to become a useful tool for businesses that have minimal experience with foreign trade and at the same time they would like to establish business cooperation with Chinese companies.
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Lin, Yu-Cheng, and 林育政. "A Marco-Econometric Research on Export & Import in Taiwan." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27310124239329496121.
Full textAbstract:
碩士臺灣大學
經濟學研究所
98
The purpose of this paper is to build a macro-econometric model of Taiwan economy, and use it to forecast future performance of economy. We generate the prediction of the economy from the first quarter in 2010 to the fourth quarter in 2012. The prediction on the range of the GDP quarterly growth rate is between 8 % to 18 % in 2010, and 3 % to 6 % from the first quarter in 2011 to the fourth quarter in 2012, and the prediction on the unemployment rate is between 5.39 % and 5.76 % from the first quarter in 2010 to the fourth quarter in 2012. Moreover, we conduct the scenario analysis concerning the variation of export, import and oil price. In general, the model’s predictions perform normally and without unexpected rising and falling.
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Chen, Ying-Chin, and 陳映今. "Risk Management of Warehousing Activity for Import and Export Operations." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11559463329612345683.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立高雄海洋科技大學
航運管理研究所
100
The major responsibility of warehousing operator is only be a custodian in early periods. Due to highly development for import and export activity and shipper’s diversified needs, marine transit need promote in full scale to achieve the target of competitiveness improving. Now the interaction between the range of warehousing activities and activities of enterprise, establishment of information system and equipment play an important role. In other word, efficiency of warehouse system also influence the efficiency of logistic activity system. It prove the morden warehousing avtivity is very important for logistic system. In the process of warehousing activity for import and export, equipmental factors and contrived error often cause serious accident. These accident not only cause proprietary loss but also make warehousing activity break down. Generally speaking, import and export warehousing put emphasis on the efficiency and cost-down. If any accident make warehousing activity break down, warehousing operator will suffer from huge loss of profit and trust. We believe how to achieve risk management by lowest cost is the key point for successful warehousing operator. Through experience of warehousing operator ,this research calculate average and standard deviation of risks by Likert Scale. It rank risk factor according to the level to recognize which risk factor is more important. At the same time this research can analyze potential frequency and severity of risks, finally provide policy to warehousing operators for import and export.
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Walker, Johnathan. "The state, labor export/import, and economic restructuring in Taiwan." 2003. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/walker%5Fjohnathan%5F200305%5Fphd.
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Chan, Chih-Chieh, and 湛址傑. "The Innovation of FinTech: Import and Export Process Re-engineering." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8473r7.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
商學研究所
106
International trade exposes sellers and buyers to high levels of counterparty risk, where sellers may fail to deliver goods and/or buyers may fail to pay for delivery. Banks therefore invented letters of credit (LoC) to reduce risk, but at the same time created new problems. For instance, malicious actors can commit fraud by producing fraudulent LoC, commodity inspection certificates, import/export declarations, commercial invoices, and freight documents, or even by manufacturing letters of credit from an insolvent bank. LoC weaknesses arise from the strict compliance standards that govern letter design. Banks often decline payment to exporters if the presented documents contain any discrepancies, even if they are trivial. Also, there are cases where an exporter sent inferior or counterfeit goods, but because the exporter’s documentation could still show proof of delivery, the bank still sent payment. Strict compliance fails because it focuses only on the documentation and the terms of the LoC, rather than the quality of the goods and the spirit of the agreement. Furthermore, since LoC often exist only in paper form, there are attendant inefficiencies in production and verification, and chances of human error or that the LoC may be lost. This research therefore explores the feasibility of a third- party payment platform for trade finance, where exporters and importers could utilize “platform contracts” to facilitate settlement. Though third-party payment systems already exist for e-commerce, trade finance usually involves significantly larger dollar amounts and longer delivery dates, so the design has to be more secure and tightly controlled. In particular, this research examines smart contract platforms and back-end systems based on blockchain technology. Block creation could codify agreement terms and conditions, and individual blocks may be identified by unique hashes (check codes for verifications). Blocks connected together in a chain ensure the immutability of the stored data, and protect against tampering. However, this research maintains that decentralization, as in the Bitcoin blockchain protocol, is undesirable and introduces other problems. First, rewards accrue mainly to the miners, who confirm transactions and create blocks. Second, decentralization does not account for government policies, which in Taiwan are particularly strict. Third, decentralized networks present a direct threat to banks, who are therefore likely to oppose the system entirely, thus depriving all participants of new methods that improve their operations and lower costs and risks. The expected benefits of the “platform contract” solution are as follows. First, because importers would prepay to an escrow account, LoC would not need to be obtained. Bills of lading would become significantly simplified, since every point in the transaction would be recorded to the blockchain, making it more difficult for malicious actors to manufacture fraudulent documentation. “Platform contracts” would be paperless and automated as much as possible, thus reducing risk of loss and human error. Because all data would be stored in a public ledger, contract terms and process statuses could be audited at any time. Finally, digitization could better enable logistics operations powered by IoT, and thus enable the real-time tracking of goods.
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Lin, Yu-Ching, and 林予青. "Export, Import and Productivity: Some Empirical Results from Taiwan Manufacturing Firms." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53345477877668844416.
Full textAbstract:
碩士銘傳大學
經濟學系碩士班
98
Taiwan is a country limited to an island which is very dependable on foreign trade. For the past researches, most of the scholars emphasized on the importance of export but neglected the importance of import. However, importers have played a critical role in the economic developments for Taiwan. In this research paper, we included firms that are engaged in all forms of foreign trades in order to fully explore how the foreign trading activities can affects the firm’s productivity. We also focused on the decision factors and productive effectiveness for exporting behavior in Taiwan public trade manufactures from 1992-2000. Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition model was used to test the theory. The empirical results find that the productivity for manufactures which are engaging in foreign trade has higher production level than those who are not engaging in foreign trade. The result confirms that both export and import behavior could increase productivity for manufactures.
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Hsu, Chun-Chang, and 許峻嶂. "The Relationships Among Import ,Export and Exchange Rate : Multi-Country Evidence." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wwbwx4.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
國際企業系碩士在職專班
102
Due to the location, economic patterns, and the shortage of natural resources in Taiwan, the economic growth of Taiwan is completely indeed supported by trade activities. After the global economic shocks, such as the financial crisis, subprime mortgage crisis, Fukushima tsunami, and quantitative easing (QE) policies and others, the depreciation or revaluation of exchange rate might be affecting the value of import and export. In this study, we applied 99 monthly data, starting from January 2006 to March 2014, to illustrate the relationships of import value, export value and exchange rate. Six variables such as the import and export values of Taiwan to United States and to Japan respectively, and the exchange rates of U.S dollar to N.T. dollar and to Japan yen, were analyzed. This thesis use the time series technique to analyze the data. The stability of original data was checked via Unit Root Test, and then Vector Auto Regression (VAR) was employed to confirm the best lag intervals, and co-integration analysis was used to decide Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), and impulse response function was last used. The industrial index of Taiwan was also adopted as a complementary variable to confirm the analysis results. Results show that change of exchange rate and industrial index of Taiwan affect the import and export values of Japan significantly in the data periods. On the other hand, only the exchange rate impact the import values of United States.
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Chang, Ting-Yi, and 張莛翊. "Study of Import and Export Industry Internal Control System in Taiwan." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41857108459198424261.
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碩士台南女子技術學院
會計與資訊系統研究所
94
In this article, we emphasis on analyzing the internal control system for import and export manufacture companies which include electricity and electronic machine, chemistry material manufacturing industry and so on, in Taiwan area. The questionnaire survey is used to establish the data set which includes 45 effective responses. Five main factors relative to efficiency of the internal control system are risk assessment, control environment, information and communication, control activity and monitoring. The reliability of questionnaire based on Cronbach α is 0.96. Many statistical inferential methods are used such as t-test, ANOVA, factor analysis and ordinal data analysis to investigate the associations of responses and independent variables (the demographic variables). We find that enterprise type, industry pattern, capitalization, export turnover volume, and employees have significant impact on the internal control system. Keyword: Internal Control、Risk Assessment、Control Environment、Information and Communication、Control Activity、Monitoring、Factor Analysis
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Kun-Mu, Lu, and 呂昆穆. "Nuclear Import and Export Signals in Control of mouse alpha Actinin 2." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95985176939011493706.
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碩士國防醫學院
生物化學研究所
95
Mouse alpha actinin 2 (mACTN2) belongs to the spectrin proterin superfamily including spectrin, dystrophin and fimbrin (plastin) due to the similarity of their actin-binding domains. Our previous study suggested that mACTN2 can served as a coactivator for androgen receptor, estrogen receptor and thyroid receptor activities. ACTN2 primarily binds to the C-terminal region of GRIP1 (glucocorticoid receptor interacting protein 1) and AR, and then enhances the nuclear receptor functions. Previous studies have demonstrated that proteins that undergo nuclear import or export generally contain an nuclear localization signal (NLS) or nuclear export signal (NES), respectively. In this study, we further identified NLS and NES of mACTN2 and demonstrated that at least three NLS (codon 281-300, 371-400 and 701-894) and two leucine-rich NES (codons 66-78 and 510-521) regulating mACTN2 nucleocytoplasmic transportation. Any identified NES in mACTN2 was sufficient to direct nuclear exporting. Further studies demonstrate the nuclear exporting mechanism of mACTN2 was sensitive to a CRM1-dependent nuclear export inhibitor, leptomycin B. In addition, our data also suggested that the cytoplasmic subcellulation was correlated with the protein stability. In conclusion, the NES of mACTN2 was functional and that the nuclear export of mACTN2 might follow the CRM1-mediated export pathway and the degradation of mACTN2 was follow the proteasome-dependent pathway and occur in cytoplasm.
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Tso, Chia-Wen, and 左家文. "Discovering the sequential associations between business indicators and customs export import indicators." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40462353094072562870.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
企業管理學系在職專班
102
After the global financial tsunami, the public is more concerned about the changes in the economy and willing to foresee economic trends. From past research, the business indicator was separated into component series to explore its correlations and individual representation, or trying to structure a new component series. In this study, we integrated multiple component series while discussing business indicators. For the export, we selected a total of 24 sequential patterns categorized into five groups, relevant to the Index of export orders, Inventories to sales ratio for manufacturing, Regular employees on payrolls in industry &; services, SEMI book-to-bill ratio, and TAIEX average closing price. For the import, we selected 3 sequential patterns related with Interbank overnight call-loan rate. In this study, we discover the sequential associations between business indicators and customs export import indicators. The findings are summarized and compared with relevant research result and component indicators frame made by National development council. We also try to comment about it through theory and shipping industry knowledge.
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Yang, Li-Pei, and 楊立霈. "Taiwan and South Korea Exchange rate and import and export association studies." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53268464967996696973.
Full textAbstract:
碩士銘傳大學
國際企業學系碩士在職專班
102
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the real exchange rate andtrade volume between Taiwan and South Korea. We explore the relationship between the two variables by analyzing quarterly data over the period 2000-2013 from Taiwan Economic Journal (TEJ) data base. If this relationship could be verified, it will make it possible for us to predict the outcome when one of the variables changes. The analysis adopted empirical methods inclusive of the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Cointegration test, Granger causality and VAR model to examine the correlation between the real exchange rate and the imports and exports. From our empirical results: in Taiwan, the two variables are Cointegrated, implying that they have an equilibrium relationship in the long-run. In South Korea, however, such relationships do not exist. The impulse response function of Taiwan presents a gently descending negative reaction, implying that if one variable increases, the other one moves in the opposite direction. In South Korea the impulse response function presents a sharply fluctuating negative reaction, the two variables move in opposite directions.
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Huang, I.-Fen, and 黃奕棻. "Knowledge Management Platform for Innovative Services of Import and Export Processed Food." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9f5jt2.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
工業工程與管理研究所
99
There are much food knowledge related with food industry but how to management, use and share these information is most important in this industry. Recently a lot of researches utilize information technology in solving knowledge management problems such as difficulties in knowledge transfer. The internet reduce information search limitation the thesis base on knowledge management theory combine internet convenience to build up knowledge management platform which could achieve knowledge delivery, application, sharing, innovation and integrate food relate document in food trading company. It let food trading company, manufactory and user become more and more close and understand food knowledge. Base on knowledge management foundation to build up useful food knowledge platform, environment to achieve knowledge innovation and reduce risk in food trading company and people.