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1
Přibylová, Jana. "Import of agricultural products from Colombia to Czech Republic." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264161.
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The demand for tropical fruit in the Czech Republic is rising, it´s a trend in the modern way of life. People in the Czech Republic, and all over the world, demand healthier ways of food consumption. We did research concerning a supply in the supermarkets and consumers. I found out, that a demand for tropical fruit was not very well covered and that people were demanding more variety of tropical fruit and were ready to up pay double prices for it. I compared data about consumption of tropical fruits in Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic. The comparison is drawn from net import of tropical fruit and net import it´s divided per capita. We proved that people in the Czech Republic were consuming fewer kilograms per capita per year than people in Germany and Austria. Annual consumption of tropical fruit in the Czech Republic grew by 7 % during the last five years, while in Germany it amounted to 0,3% and in Austria to 4,5%.
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Бурлакова, Ірина Михайлівна, Ирина Михайловна Бурлакова, Iryna Mykhailivna Burlakova, and Ю. В. Шафорост. "Перспективи розвитку експорту сільськогосподарської продукції України." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/49056.
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Інтеграційні процеси потребують від нашої держави визначення певних
напрямів трансформації економіки. Україна обрала напрям європейської
інтеграції, що було підкріплено підписанням Угоди про асоціацію.
Міжнародна економічна інтеграція тісно пов’язана з міжнародною торгівлею,
яка є невід’ємною частиною світової глобалізації. Внаслідок зростання
показників динаміки ринків з’являються нові вимоги до якості товарів і
послуг національних виробників, особливо до виробників
сільськогосподарської продукції. Розвиток експортного потенціалу
сільськогосподарської продукції стає запорукою зростання економіки в
цілому, що передбачає, у тому числі, підвищення кваліфікації персоналу та
якісну зміну системи адміністрування бізнесом.
3
LaForce, Vanessa. "Legal challenges for developing countries' exports of agricultural food products to the EU." Thesis, Abertay University, 2013. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/9a355197-e5bc-426f-a9c1-45956e732d56.
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This thesis critically examines the increasing complexity and diversity of market access issues for agricultural food products from developing countries (DCs) to the European Union (EU). Agriculture is the sector which receives the most protection from the EU and the trade-distorting measures, employed by the EU to protect its own agricultural market, affect opportunities for DCs in agricultural food trade. These measures are also opposed to the World Trade Organisation’s (WTO) objective of a “fairer and more open multilateral trading system” between the WTO member countries. The EU post-colonial history with African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries has also influenced the rules enforced by the EU for the import of certain agricultural commodities. However this relationship, as well as the operation of the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy, has been subject to a number of sustained attacks as a result of WTO commitments. Therefore, this thesis will conduct an examination of the EU’s legal obligations under the WTO and their impact on agricultural food trade. The continuing change in EU market access conditions, subject to the legal trade rules established by the WTO, requires an in-depth analysis in order to inform DCs as to how to adapt to these changes as they take place. In this context, the thesis examines the legal trade relationship to date between the EU and the Caribbean region of the ACP Group, which has been selected as the case study, within the “Fortress Europe” of agriculture. Two commodities, sugar and bananas, will be given particular attention in the thesis because of their high sensitivity in agricultural trade and the level of contention that these provoke between the EU and DCs in international trade disputes. This is evidenced by the number of cases and the length of disputes brought within the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the WTO. As these commodities are of crucial importance to particular DCs, the thesis focuses its analysis on the perspective and experience of two developing Caribbean countries in particular, Guyana and Jamaica.
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Орловська, А. О. "Удосконалення експорту сільськогосподарської галузі в Одеському регіоні." Thesis, Одеський національний економічний університет, 2021. http://local.lib/diploma/Orlovskaya.pdf.
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Доступ до роботи тільки на території бібліотеки ОНЕУ, для переходу натисніть на посилання нижчеУ роботі розглядаються теоретичні аспекти основ експортної діяльності сільськогосподарської продукції, основні групи товарів експорту та їх регіональний поділ, проаналізовано чинники, що впливають на регіональний експорт даної продукції. Визначено основні напрями виробничої спеціалізації Одеського регіону в сільському господарстві. Здійснено аналіз експорту регіону, визначено чинники, які обмежують та заважають експортній діяльності. Запропоновано шляхи удосконалення експортної діяльності регіону, зокрема за рахунок розвитку органічної продукції сільського господарства.
The paper considers the theoretical aspects of the basics of export activities of agricultural products, the main groups of export goods and their regional division, analyzes the factors influencing the regional export of these products. The main directions of production specialization of the Odessa region in agriculture are determined. The analysis of the region's exports is carried out, the factors that limit and hinder the export activity are determined. Ways to improve the export activity of the region, in particular through the development of organic agricultural products, are proposed.
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Шумейко, В. М. "Маркетингові аспекти експорту аграрної продукції." Thesis, Ткачов О.О, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/47769.
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Економіка України в значній мірі формується і залежить від ефективності зовнішньоекономічної діяльності, від реалізації експортних можливостей галузей економіки. Продукція АПК займає значне місце в експортному потенціалі України і представлена в основному такими товарами як зернові культури, кукурудза, соняшник та продукти його первинної переробки: «сира» олія, шрот (макуха),
продукція тваринництва та іншими.
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Манзул, А. Е. "Вдосконалення експортного потенціалу підприємств сільськогосподарського виробництва України (на прикладі ТОВ СПГ «Надія»)." Thesis, Одеський національний економічний університет, 2021. http://local.lib/diploma/Manzul.pdf.
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Доступ до роботи тільки на території бібліотеки ОНЕУ, для переходу натисніть на посилання нижчеУ роботі розглядаються теоретико-методичні основи дослідження експортного потенціалу підприємств сільськогосподарського виробництва. Досліджено фактори розвитку експортного потенціалу підприємств сільськогосподарського виробництва та визначено методи оцінки експортного потенціалу підприємства. Проаналізовано показники сучасного стану та динаміки розвитку експортного потенціалу ТОВ СПГ «Надія». Проаналізовані чинники впливу на експортний потенціал досліджуваного підприємства. Зроблений аналіз господарської та фінансової діяльності ТОВ СПГ «Надія». Визначені шляхи вдосконалення експортного потенціалу ТОВ СПГ «Надія» за рахунок пошуку нових ринків збуту, зокрема Румунії, а також впровадження у діяльність підприємства нового обладнання, а саме установки установки ТЕК-1СМ.
The paper considers the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of the export potential of agricultural enterprises. The factors of development of export potential of the enterprises of agricultural production are investigated and methods of an estimation of export potential of the enterprise are defined. Indicators of the current state and dynamics of development of export potential of LNG LLC "Nadiya" are analyzed. Factors influencing the export potential of the researched enterprise are analyzed. The analysis of economic and financial activity of LNG LLC "Nadiya" is made. Ways to improve the export potential of LNG LLC "Nadiya" by finding new markets, including Romania, as well as the introduction of new equipment in the enterprise, namely the installation of TEK-1SM.
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Viégas, Isabel Fernandes Pinto. "Impactos das barreiras comerciais dos Estados Unidos e União Européia sobre a pauta de exportações agrícolas brasileiras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-17122003-102113/.
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O Brasil possui um grande potencial agrícola e deve ampliar suas exportações para reduzir o déficit em transações correntes. No entanto, as exportações agrícolas brasileiras estão sujeitas a restrições tarifárias e não-tarifárias nos Estados Unidos e na União Européia, mercados importantes para o Brasil. Este trabalho visou a avaliar a incidência de picos tarifários, quotas tarifárias, barreiras técnicas e barreiras sanitárias e fitossanitárias sobre o valor das exportações agrícolas brasileiras nos Estados Unidos e na União Européia, definir as medidas de proteção mais usadas por cada um desses parceiros comerciais e verificar os principais produtos e complexos agrícolas sujeitos a essas medidas no ano 2000, através da utilização dos índices de cobertura e freqüência.Brazil has a large agricultural potential and must increase its exports to reduce the deficit in current transactions. However, Brazilian agricultural exports are subject to tariff and non-tariff trade restrictions in the United States and European Union, which are important markets for Brazil. The purpose of this theses was to evaluate the importance of tariff peaks, tariff rate quotas, technical barriers, sanitary and phytosanitary measures over Brazilian agricultural export value in the United States and European Union, to define the protection measures applied by each of these trade partners and verify which are the main agricultural products subjects to these measures in the year 2000, by the use of frequency and coverage indexes.
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Pupeikienė, Irena. "Eksporto subsidijos ir jų įtaka Lietuvos žemės ūkio ir maisto produktų užsienio prekybos plėtrai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060525_145442-51086.
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Research object: export sponsorship of agricultural and food products. Research subject: export subsidies and their influence on Lithuanian agricultural foreign trade. Research aim: prediction of alternative developmental trends on agricultural economy in case of export subsidies revocation of agricultural and food products since 2013. Objectives: • to analyse theoretical rules of export sponsorship policy; • to analyse Lithuanian export sponsorship policy of agricultural and food products; • to test influence of export subsidies on Lithuanian foreign trade expansion of agricultural and food products; • to predict of alternative developmental trends on agricultural economy in case of export subsidies revocation of agricultural and food products since 2013. Research methods: • in case of prospect and analyse of theoretical grounds on international trade policy also evolution of Lithuanian foreign trade policy used common scientific methods - analysis and synthesis of scientific literature and juridical/law documents; • in case of valuation of export subsidies influence on Lithuanian agricultural and food products foreign trade expansion used economical - statistical methods for data compilation and analysis; • in case of compute and systematize of statistical information used means of bunching, comparison and diagrammatical representation.
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Silva, Simone Fioritti. "A balança comercial do agronegócio brasileiro de 1989 a 2005:seus deteminantes, cenários e perspectivas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-07052007-143044/.
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Este trabalho analisa a contribuição do agronegócio para o saldo comercial do Brasil desde 1989 de sorte a que se possa antecipar a possibilidade de ocorrer conflitos entre a geração dos superávits do setor e a manutenção do custo de vida e da inflação sob controle. Há que se determinar relações entre taxas de câmbio, taxa de crescimento do PIB, preços internacionais de commodities assim como o comportamento da produtividade com o superávit comercial do agronegócio. Uma nova classificação de balança comercial do agronegócio foi criada e usada para analisar os lados dos produtos exportados - representados pelos produtos agrícolas não processados, produtos de origem animal não processados e alimentos industrializados e dos insumos importados – representados pelos fertilizantes - para o período de 1989 a 2005. Elaboraram-se modelos de importação e exportação a fim de retratar e explicar o comportamento dessas variáveis empregando a Análise de Auto-Regressões Vetoriais (Vector Autoregression Analysis, VAR). Pôde-se observar que um aumento de 1% na atratividade – dada pelo produto do câmbio e dos preços externos - impulsiona as exportações de produtos agrícolas não processados em 1,71% imediatamente, estabilizando-se em 2% após alguns trimestres. A atratividade explica de 60% a 74% da variância dos erros de previsão dessas exportações. Um aumento de 1% atratividade eleva os preços agrícolas em 0,29% de imediato e em pouco mais de 0,2% no longo prazo. A demanda externa por fertilizantes mostrou-se inelástica: 1% de aumento no seu custo eleva o valor das importações em 0,55%. Nota-se assim que uma desvalorização cambial, por exemplo, aumenta mais as exportações de produtos do que as importações de fertilizantes. Além disso, um crescimento de 1% no PIB doméstico exerce impacto expressivo (convergindo em - 1,7%) de contenção das exportações dos produtos agrícolas. Embora estes efeitos não tenham apresentado poder relevante de explicação dos erros de previsão, eles alertam para possíveis quedas no ritmo exportador do agronegócio face a uma retomada do crescimento econômico brasileiro. Nesse caso, cada ponto percentual de crescimento do PIB teria de ser compensado por idêntica desvalorização cambial para conter a demanda interna e manter as exportações. Salientase, entretanto, que a expansão das exportações do agronegócio tem-se dado sob incremento importante da produtividade, que pode ser o elemento capaz de compatibilizar o crescimento das exportações e o atendimento do mercado interno sem pressões inflacionárias relevantes.This study aims to analyze the agribusiness contribution to Brazil\'s trade balance since 1989 until 2005 to evaluate the possibility of conflicts involving surplus generation, cost of living and inflation. The study determines the relationships among interest rates, GDP growth rate, commodities international prices as well as the productivity behavior with the agribusiness trade surplus. A new classification of the agribusiness trade balance was proposed and used to analyze the aspects of the exported products –non processed agricultural products, non processed products of animal origin, industrialized foods and imported inputs – represented by fertilizers. Imports and exports vector autoregression models were used to explain the behavior of these variables. An increase of 1% in the attractiveness – product of the exchange rate by the international prices – boosts immediately the exports of non processed agricultural products by 1.71%, stabilizing at 2% after some trimesters. The attractiveness explains 60 to 74% of the forecast error variances of these exportats. An increase of 1% in the attractiveness raises the agricultural prices by 0.29% at the first moment and slightly higher than 0.2% in the long run. The demand for fertilizers is inelastic: an increase of 1% in price generates a rise in the imports value of 0.55%. It is noted, thus, that an exchange rate devaluation stimulates more the exports of products than it does the fertilizer imports. Besides, an increase of 1% of the GDP has an expressive impact (converging into -1.7%) on agricultural products exports. Although these effects have not presented relevant power to explain the forecast errors, they signal to a possible drop of the agribusiness exporting rhythm in the face of an economic recovery of the Brazilian economy. In this case each percent point of the GDP growth would have to be compensated by an identical devaluation of the exchange rate in order to keep the exports level. It is highlighted, however, that the expansion of agribusiness exports has been attributed to an important increase in productivity, which can be the element to balance the exportation growth and the domestic market demands without relevant inflationary pressures.
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Ato, Emma. "Les comportements des ménages agricoles face à la commercialisation des produits vivriers en République centrafricaine." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CLF10178.
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La commercialisation des produits vivriers doit rester au centre des préoccupations des autorités politiques dans la mesure où elle explique en grande partie les faibles niveaux de production vivrière en Afrique au Sud du Sahara. La pertinence de cette hypothèse réside dans le fait que la commercialisation constitue un facteur déterminant dans le développement de la production agricole, d’autant que la plupart des économies africaines repose sur l’agriculture. Les marchés agricoles ont été le plus souvent organisés dans les pays africains en faveur des cultures d’exportation et la priorité continue de leur être accordée. Les performances agricoles insuffisantes enregistrées pendant ces dernières décennies en Afrique au Sud du Sahara et plus particulièrement en République centrafricaine, nous amène à nous demander s’il n’y a pas de divergence entre les objectifs de l’Etat, qui cherche avant tout à maximiser ses recettes fiscales (prélèvement sur les exportations), et ceux des paysans, qui cherchent plutôt à satisfaire d’autres besoins (consommation, revenu, …). Si tel est le cas, l’analyse des comportements des ménages agricoles face aux contraintes de production et de commercialisation devient une nécessité avant la mise en place de toute action de politique économique visant à promouvoir le secteur agricole. A défaut de pouvoir étudier un modèle de comportement agricole et/ou de surplus commercialisable, faute de données micro-économiques, nous avons appréhendé les réactions des paysans par rapport aux signaux du marché (prix …) et par rapport à d’autres variables pouvant affecter la production en utilisant le modèle d’offre de Nerlove avec un mécanisme à correction d’erreur. Les résultats des estimations économétriques de l’offre de vivriers et de celle du coton tendent à confirmer l’hypothèse d’ajustement graduel des producteurs et à mettre en lumière le rôle important joué par les prix dans la production agricole. Dans tous les cas, la politique d’administration de prix entreprise par l’Etat centrafricain ne semble pas avoir eu un effet significatif sur l’offre des vivriers comme dans le cas du coton faute de structure de commercialisation appropriée. De plus, le comportement des paysans paraît beaucoup plus flexible dans le processus d’ajustement quand il s’agit de culture de renteThe commercialization of food products remains the main concern of political authorities in so far as it explains in large part the weak levels of food output in Sub Saharan Africa. The relevance of this hypothesis resides in the fact that commercialization constitutes a determining factor in the development of agricultural production, the more so as the majority of African economies depend on agriculture. Agricultural markets have most often been established in African countries in favor of export goods and these countries are still giving them a priority status. The insufficient agricultural performances recorded during the recent decades in Sub-Saharan Africa, and specially in the Central Africa Republic, leads us to ask if there doesn’t exist a divergence between the objectives of the government, which seeks above all to maximise its fiscal receipts (increase in exports), and those of the farmers who prefer satisfying other needs (consumption, income). If this is the case, the analysis if the behavior of agricultural household, confronted by production and commercialization constraints, becomes necessary before the implantation of any economic policy decisions aimed at the promotion of agricultural sector. For want of being able to study a model of agricultural household behavior and/or of marketable surplus, due to a lack of the micro-economic data, we estimated the farmers’ reactions, as regards market signals (price) and as regards other variables which could exercise an effect on agricultural production, by using the Nerlove supply model, incorporating an error correction mechanism. The results of the econometric estimation for the supply of food crops and cotton tend to confirm the hypothesis of gradual adjustment by the producers and to highlight the important role payed by prices in agricultural production. In all cases, the price administration policy undertaken by the Cantral Africa government does not seem to have a significate effect on the supply of food products as it did in the case of cotton, due to the adoption of an appropriate commercialization structures. Moreover, the farmers’ behavior should appear a great deal more flexible in the adjustment process when it is a matter of export foods
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Adolfsson, Per. "Export of Pharmaceutical Products : An analysis of which factors that affects Sweden’s export of pharmaceutical products." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-951.
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The pharmaceutical industry is one of Sweden’s most important export industries with 6% of total exports. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse which factors affect Sweden’s ex-port of pharmaceutical products. Further, the different pharmaceutical products group Sweden exports will be identified. The modern trade theory, the monopolistic competition model, the product life cycle theory and the gravity equation are used to explain and to un-derstand the problem at hand.
To analyse the problem, data of Swedish export of pharmaceutical products from 1997 to 2003 was used to the 176 destination countries Sweden exported to during the time period. The following factors were used as independent variables; distance, Gross Domestic Prod-uct (GDP) /capita, Area, Population, dummy variable for EU-membership, dummy vari-able for English or Scandinavian speaking countries, dummy variable for bordering to Sweden, dummy variable for same religion as Sweden and a dummy variable for countries that are not land-locked.
The findings coincide with previous studies in the manner that distance and GDP/capita have a major impact on the sales abroad of pharmaceutical products. Also, countries with a larger population are importing more than countries with a smaller population. However, the strong affinities between the exporter and the importing countries found in previous studies were not found in the export of pharmaceutical products. Further, Sweden exports most of the product group that includes medicaments consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic uses.
Läkemedelsindustrin är en av Sveriges viktigaste exportindustrier med 6 % av den totala exporten. Syftet med denna uppsats är därför att analysera vilka faktorer som påverkar dess export. Vidare, de olika exportgrupperna av läkemedel som Sverige exporterar kommer att identifieras. Den moderna handelsteorin, monopolistisk konkurrens, produktcykelteorin och gravitationsmodellen används för att förklara och förstå det uppstådda problemet.
För att analysera problemet så används Sveriges export av läkemedel från 1997 till 2003 för alla 176 destinationer. Följande faktorer används som oberoende variabler; distansen, BNP/capita, arean, folkmängd, dummy variabel för EU-medlemskap, dummy variabel för engelsk- eller skandinaviskspråkiga länder, dummy variabel för gränsande länder till Sverige, dummy variabel för länder som har samma religion som Sverige, samt en dummy variabel för länder som angränsar till vatten.
Resultatet överensstämmer med tidigare forskning att avståndet och BNP/capita har ett stort inflytande av exporten av läkemedel. Likaså länder med ett stort invånarantal importe-rar mer än länder med ett mindre invånarantal. Däremot, det starka släktskapet mellan ex-portören och de importerande länderna som funnits i tidigare studier observerades inte i exporten av läkemedel. Vidare, Sverige exporterar mest av produktgruppen som innehåller medikamenter bestående av blandade eller oblandade produkter för terapeutiskt eller profy-laktiskt bruk.
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Jončaitė, Rita. "Pasaulio prekybos organizacija ir jos įtaka besivystančių šalių žemės ūkio ir maisto produktų eksportui." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20080128_111234-97743.
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Tyrimo problema – makroekonominiu požiūriu besivystančių šalių atsilikimas daugelyje sričių. Kaip šias šalis integruoti į pasaulinę prekybos sistemą? Tyrimo objektas – besivystan��ių šalių žemės ūkio ir maisto produktų eksportas ir jo skatinimo politika. Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti Pasaulio Prekybos Organizacijos įtaką besivystančių šalių žemės ūkio produktų ir maisto produktų eksportui. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1) išnagrinėti žemės ūkio ir maisto produktų eksporto politikos teorinius aspektus, įvertinant klasikines užsienio prekybos formas; 2) apžvelgti Pasaulio prekybos organizacijos funkcijas, principus, struktūrą, raidos ypatumus; 3) įvertinti PPO derybų raundų žemės ūkio politikos klausimais naudą besivystančioms šalims; 4) išnagrinėti ES politikos įtaką Nikaragvos ir Moldovos šalių žemės ūkio ir maisto produktų eksportui; 5) išanalizuoti besivystančių šalių, Nikaragvos ir Moldovos, žemės ūkio ir maisto produktų eksportą. Tyrimų metodika. Tiriant PPO įtaką besivystančių šalių žemės ūkio ir maisto produktų eksportui ir jo skatinimo politikai atskirais metais, prognozuojant šių šalių vystymosi perspektyvas bei formuluojant darbo išvadas buvo remiamasi loginiu, mokslinės literatūros analizės, aprašomuoju, lyginimo, duomenų analizės, istoriniu, laiko eilučių analizės, grafinio duomenų vaizdavimo metodais.The problem of the analysis – developing countries in terms of macroeconomic indicators are lagging behind many areas. How to integrate them into the world trade system? The object of the analysis - the export of the agricultural and food products of the developing countries The aim of the analysis - WTO's influence on the agricultural and food products of the developing countries The tasks: 1) to analyse theoretical aspects of agricultural and food products policy, evaluating the forms of foreign classical trade; 2) to review WTO's functions, background, structure and key issues of its development; 3) to evaluate the benefits of WTO negotiations on the agricultural policy issues for developing countries; 4) to analyse the influence of the EU on the export of agricultural and food products from Nicaragua and Moldova; 5) to analyse the export of agricultural and food products from developing countries cases of Nicaragua and Moldova. The methods for the analysis. While investigating the influence of WTO to the export of agricultural and food products of developing countries, making assumptions for the future and formulating the outcomes of the work the logical, literature scientific analysis, descriptive, comparative, data analysis, historical, time series analysis and presentation of graphical data methods were used.
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Bulagi, Mushoni Benedict. "Impact analysis of the linkage between agricultural exports and agriculture’s share of Gross Domestic Product in South Africa : a case of Avocado, Apple, Mango and Orange from 1994 to 2011." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1166.
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Thesis (MA. Agricultural Management (Agricultural
Economics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2014The role of agricultural exports to agriculture’s share of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in South Africa is of extreme importance and exhibits strong interest from all parts of the economy. Many believe that agriculture can salvage the declining economic growth under such global economic conditions. The decision to diversify and expand exports of these avocados, apples, mangoes and oranges will improve the South African economy’s unstable conditions. This study accounts for all the factors that are truly unique to South African’s economy. Therefore, the study will help to shift the focus of avocado, apple, mango and orange growers to export more due to the international market demand for such produce. The aim of the study was to analyse the link between avocado, apple, mango and orange exports and agriculture’s share of Gross Domestic Product in South Africa. The specific objectives are to determine the correlation between avocado, apple, mango and orange exports and the agriculture’s share of Gross Domestic Product in South Africa, investigate the contribution of avocado, apple, mango and orange exports and the agriculture’s share of Gross Domestic Product in South Africa, determine the growth rate (trends) of avocado, apple, mango and orange exports and determine the volatility of avocado, apple, mango and orange exports. The study used secondary time series data that covered a sample size of 17 years (1994 - 2011) of avocado, apple, mango and orange exports in South Africa. Two Stages Least Square models and Growth rate and Volatility models were used for data analysis. i Empirical results for agricultural exports equation revealed that agricultural economic growth in South Africa was significant with a positive coefficient. While a negative relationship between the Net Factor Income (NFI) and the agricultural exports in South Africa was noticed. Real Capital Investments had a significant positive coefficient. Consequently, results from agricultural economic growth equation revealed that agricultural exports were significant with a positive correlation. A relationship between NFI and agricultural GDP was also witnessed. Like other variables, Real Capital Investment was significant but negatively correlated. The results of growth rate and volatility models showed positive trends. Furthermore, results showed that the quantity of agricultural exports was positively related to agricultural economic growth. Another point of interest was that while these exports were positive and significantly related, the magnitude of its coefficient is smaller than the coefficients of Real Capital Investments. It is in this framework that the positive correlation exists between agriculture economic growth and agricultural exports. It is recommended that investment opportunities in the agricultural sector need to be investigated further because there is limited knowledge of the subject. The Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery and the private sector need to join hands and build a mutual relationship to aid develop an agricultural economy which can be able to exports more than what it imports. This can also be done by subsidising farmers with capital to relieve them of other expenses.
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Papageorgiou, Christos Panagiotis. "Process simulation of agricultural products." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2005. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/2664/.
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Simulation has been widely used many years ago by chemical engineers to represent several processes and operations, existing in industries of chemical engineering interest. Flow-sheeting calculations is a kind of simulation for preliminary evaluation of different processes. Flow-sheet itself is a key document for the evaluation, design and analysis of processing systems. It shows the processing units arrangement and the streams connecting them, the quantities and compositions at every point of the flow-sheet and the operating conditions (phase, temperature, pressure, enthalpy etc.). Manual flow-sheeting calculations are tedious and time consuming, especially for large and complex flow-sheets. Special computer programs, which simulate different processing units existing in industries, are widely used in order to carry out these calculations, which are necessary for processes design. The designer engineer is possible to use these programs in order to evaluate existing processing units, to take into consideration different alternative solutions and to find out the optimum and more economic operating conditions. The main object of the present work was the development of a new, user friendly, steady state simulation computer program, to perform mass and energy balance calculations in flow-sheets mainly for industries processing agricultural products, using the method of separate calculation subroutines (modules). This program works in Microsoft Windows environment. This work was a trial to solve a problem for the case of industries processing agricultural products where, the lack of sufficient and adequate physical properties data for almost all agricultural products – especially due to changes in compositions during processing – makes the whole problem more complicated and the necessity of computer aided calculation more imperative. So, it was necessary to develop a special data bank for the physical properties of several agricultural products and chemical compounds as well. The use of this data bank is based on a model, which considers that the majority of processed agricultural products exist either as soluble solids or insoluble solids in water, or in some cases as liquids, where no phase change takes place during processing. By this way, processes where there are changes in concentrations of soluble or suspended solids (such as evaporations, dilutions etc.), are calculated easily. A set of selected and combined mathematical models simulating many types of unit operations in plants processing agricultural products in actual production conditions were used. Also a special data bank for the physical properties of several agricultural products and chemical compounds as well was developed, collecting or calculating data from several handbooks. The selection and formulation of the appropriate mathematical models as well as the selection or calculation of the appropriate physical properties of several agricultural products and chemical compounds were mainly the results of documentary analysis. The computer program developed using these models, was tested in actual production conditions. Most of them are cases existing in industries processing agricultural products. But also there are cases for other types of industries, which have been tested too. The obtained results in all cases are satisfactory, and they are in agreement with figures existing in actual plants or described in many references. Program presentation is mainly concentrated in its organization, the required input data, the used techniques and the obtained results in some test applications.
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Chemnitz, Christine. "The impact of food safety and quality standards on developing countries agricultural producers and exports." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16523.
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Der internationale Agrarhandel ist zunehmend durch Nahrungsmittelsicherheits- und Qualitätsstandards bestimmt. Standards definieren Regeln und Konditionen der Teilnahme an Wertschöpfungsketten und führen dadurch zu einer Umverteilung von Marktanteilen innerhalb dieser Wertschöpfungskette. Für einige Produzenten eröffnen Standards und Zertifizierungssysteme neue Vermarktungsmöglichkeiten, da sie den Zugang zu speziellen Marktsegmenten ermöglichen. Gleichzeitig aber ist der durch die zunehmend strengen Qualitätsstandards eingeleitete Prozess der Umverteilung begleitet von Marginalisierung und Marktausschluss. Dies geschieht, wenn bestimmte Produzenten die Anforderungen der standardisierten oder zertifizierten Produktion nicht erfüllen können. Die vorliegende Doktorarbeit analysiert die in Wissenschaft und Politik wiederholt geäußerte Annahme, dass Nahrungsmittelsicherheits- und Qualitätsstandards ein spezielles Hindernis für den Marktzugang von Entwicklungsländern auf die Märkte der Industrieländer darstellen. Des Weiteren wird angenommen, dass in Entwicklungsländern insbesondere kleinere Produzenten Nahrungsmittelsicherheits- und Qualitätsstandards nicht erfüllen können und an der Marktteilnahme ausgeschlossen werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund geht die vorliegende Arbeit drei zentralen Fragen nach: a) in welcher Weise beeinflussen Nahrungsmittelsicherheits- und Qualitätsstandards die Marktanteile der Entwicklungsländer auf dem internationalen Agrarmarkt b) in welcher Weise wirken sich Nahrungsmittelsicherheits- und Qualitätsstandards speziell auf kleinbäuerliche Produzenten aus und c) welche Einflüsse entscheiden darüber, dass Produzenten Standards übernehmen oder nicht. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit zeigen, dass sich die Marktanteile unterschiedlicher Entwicklungsländer unter dem Einfluss zunehmend strenger Nahrungsmittelsicherheits- und Qualitätsstandards sehr unterschiedlich entwickelt haben. Weiterhin deuten die Ergebnisse der Forschungsarbeit darauf hin, dass ein starkes staatliches Engagement und die Einbindung des Privatsektors sich positiv auf die Fähigkeit eines Landes auswirken, mit den neuen Marktanforderungen umzugehen, was dann zu einer positiven Entwicklung der Marktanteile führt. Des Weiteren zeigt sich, dass die kleinbäuerliche Produzenten aus theoretischer Perspektive durchaus einen komparativen Nachteil in der Anpassung an bestimmte Standards haben können, wenn die speziellen Eigenschaften kleinbäuerlicher Produktionssysteme in Betracht gezogen werden. Diese zeichnen sich unter anderem durch die Schwierigkeit aus, Informationen über Standards und Zertifizierungssysteme zu generieren und diese zu implementieren. Dennoch zeigt die im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit durchgeführte Fallstudie des marokkanischen Tomatensektors, dass die Größe der Produktion nur schwach mit den Anpassungskosten korreliert. Die Fallstudie macht deutlich, dass die Produzenten über die Anforderungen und Bedürfnisse der Käufer informiert sein müssen. Ergebnisse der Analyse zeigen, wie wichtig die vertikale Integration in die Wertschöpfungskette ist, um diese Informationen zu erhalten, da diese Informationen kaum horizontal zwischen den Produzenten kommuniziert werden.The agricultural trading environment is increasingly determined by food safety and quality standards. Standards define the terms of chain membership, imply rules and conditions for participation, and hence lead to processes of (re)distribution within the chain. For some producers, standards may open up new opportunities as they permit market access to particular market segments. At the same time, the process of (re)distributing market shares is accompanied by marginalization and exclusion, as standards may impose prohibitively high barriers for certain producers in terms of the short-term and long-term efforts needed for production under certification. This thesis aims to have a closer look at the concern voiced by many researchers that food safety and quality standards establish a particular burden for exports from developing countries and, within the developing countries, for the small producers. Coming from this starting point the thesis aims to establish a detailed understanding of a) how developing countries` export shares are affected differently by food safety and quality standards, b) the particular impact of food safety and quality standards on small producers and c) the compliance decision process standards at the producer level. Results of the thesis show that developing countries are a heterogeneous group that shows various different tendencies regarding market share development under the impact of strengthening food standards. In addition, the analysis showed that “being small” in terms of export quantity at the country level does not necessarily lead to a negative impact of food safety and quality standards on the export share. Results of the analysis rather hint to the fact that a stronger involvement of the government and the private sector in SPS activities as well as a better communication structure within the country increase SPS capacity of a country and thus have a positive effect on a successful export performance. The same differentiated perspective is necessary to understand the impact of food safety and quality standards on small producers. On a theoretical basis small farmers could well have a comparative disadvantage in complying with quality standards owing to their specific endowments, which hamper their ability to acquire information on the standard and to implement it. However, empirical evidence of the Moroccan case study shows that farm size only correlates marginally with the cost or compliance. The survey rather shows how important the forward integration in the value chain is in order to understand the importance of food safety and quality standards for the marketing performance. To maintain market shares or even increase those in high quality markets, producers need information about the buyers’ requirements. Results of the survey show the importance of vertical coordination and direct information exchange between downstream actors, buyers and producers as information on buyer’s demands is rarely communicated horizontally amongst the farmers themselves.
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Boukersi, Lakhdar. "Export promotion of non-hydrocarbon manufactured products from Algeria." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317205.
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Wong, Kan-shue Larry. "Perspectives in launching consumer products in PR China /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14038596.
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Li, Sai-keung. "Export marketing of Hong Kong electronic products : a relationship approach /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13497844.
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McMahon, J. A. "European trade policy in agricultural products." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383072.
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Fowdar, Narud. "Agricultural diversification and economic development in Mauritius." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387302.
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Muñoz, Ismael. "Agricultural Export and Overexploitation of the Ica Aquifer in Peru." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/80619.
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El crecimiento económico agroexportador en el valle de Ica se ha llevado a cabo concentrando la tierra y las fuentes de agua subterránea. Este proceso ha dado mayor poder a las empresas agroexportadoras, las cuales responden individualmente a la demanda del mercado internacional. El incremento en la demanda externa de los productos del valle genera importantes beneficios privados, pero inhibe la acción colectiva para la conservación del acuífero. Cada empresa decide la cantidad de pozos a perforar y el volumen de agua subterránea que debe extraer, dados los requerimientos técnicos de los cultivos; y ante una débil regulación pública. La mayor extracción con respecto a la reserva y disponibilidad de agua lleva a un descenso del volumen del acuífero y a un deterioro del recurso común y consecuente escasez.The economic growth experienced in the agricultural export sector in the Ica Valley has gone along with the concentration of land and groundwater sources. This process has given more power to the exporting companies, which respond individually to demand from international markets. The external demand increase of Ica valley’s products generates significant private gains, but inhibitscollective action towards the conservation of the aquifer. Each company decides the number of wells to be drilled and the volume of groundwater to be drawn, given the technical requirements of the crops and the weak government regulation. The increased extraction compared to the reserve and availability of water, leads to a decrease in the volume of water in the aquifer and to the degradation of the common and consequent scarcity.The research has followed the institutional economy approach to analyze the inter-relations between the social, the technological and the public policies in Ica’s Valley looking for an interdisciplinary perspective.
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Li, Sai-keung, and 李世強. "Export marketing of Hong Kong electronic products: a relationship approach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3126573X.
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Bassetti, Diogo Ribas. "Mapping-out export opportunities for Brazilian products to the BRICS." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18821.
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This study aims to identify export opportunities for Brazilian products to other countries of the BRICS. It utilized the Decision Support Model (DSM), created by Cuyvers et al (1995), with the intent of assisting policy makers and instituitions by identifying and filtering foreign markets and as a result detecting export opportunities. This is the first application of the DSM to Brazil, therefore the literature has no history about Brazilian export opportunities in reference of this model. The analysis made had as input the HS 6-digit level of disaggregation of products, being able to retain a high level of depth regarding the right selection of products in the BRICS’ import market, aside from Brazil. The overall analysis was made between 2011 and 2015. The results of the model showed 1,113 products which can be successfully exported to Russia, China, India and South Africa, evaluated as realistic export opportunities, and following a Marketshare analysis, between 80% and 95% of those products, with small variations from year to year, are not explored or explored very little by Brazil’s exporters. The model also exposed 292 products in which Brazil already has or had expertise in exporting. Also, it was calculated the potential value of those exports: the year of 2014 a total US$ 136.9 billions of dollars; for the year of 2015, 101.7 billions of dollars; and considering products selected by Brazil’s export capacity, for 2014, 62.3 billions of dollars; for 2015, 43 billions of dollars.
Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar oportunidades de exportação de produtos brasileiros para outros países do BRICS. Utilizou o Decision Support Model (DSM), criado por Cuyvers et al (1995), com a intenção de auxiliar políticos e instituições, identificando e filtrando mercados externos e, como resultado, detectando oportunidades de exportação. Esta é a primeira aplicação do DSM para o Brasil, portanto, a literatura não tem história sobre as oportunidades de exportação brasileiras em referência a este modelo. A análise realizada teve como entrada o nível de desagregação de produtos de 6 dígitos do HS, podendo manter um alto nível de profundidade em relação à seleção correta de produtos no mercado de importação do BRICS, além do Brasil. A análise geral foi feita entre 2011 e 2015. Os resultados do modelo mostraram 1.113 produtos que podem ser exportados com sucesso para a Rússia, China, Índia e África do Sul, avaliados como oportunidades de exportação realistas e, após uma análise da Marketshare, entre 80% e 95 % desses produtos, com pequenas variações de ano para ano, não são explorados ou explorados muito pouco pelos exportadores brasileiros. O modelo também expôs 292 produtos em que o Brasil já possui ou tem experiência em exportar. Além disso, foi calculado o valor potencial dessas exportações: o ano de 2014 totalizou 136,9 bilhões de dólares; para o ano de 2015, 101,7 bilhões de dólares; e considerando produtos selecionados pela capacidade de exportação do Brasil, para 2014, 62,3 bilhões de dólares; para 2015 43 bilhões de dólares.
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Roos, Cathrine, and Tina Alpfält. "The Effects of EU’s Subsidised Exports on Developing Countries : The Case of Dairy Products." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-11967.
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The purpose of the thesis is to examine the effect EU’s subsidised dairy export has on developing countries’ dairy production. This is done by constructing a model containing various factors that are assumed to affect production. Data was collected for 23 countries in Africa, Central- and South America and was pooled together using a least squared dummy variable model (LSDV). The variable of interest for this study is the imports from EU to the selected countries. The regression result showed that this variable was negatively correlated with the countries’ domestic dairy production and was significant on the 1% level confirming the hypothesis of the variable. Due to the negative correlation, a reduction of the EU exports is thus assumed to increase these countries’ own production within this agricultural sector. As shown in the thesis, agriculture is important for a country’s development and hence, by exporting subsidised goods, EU might hinder development in the countries studied. However, over the years the EU has received a lot of pressure from the WTO to decrease its domestic- and export subsidies. Due to this, the EU has promised, based upon certain conditions, to remove its export subsidies completely by 2013. This is seen as positive for the developing countries’ future development prospects.
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王耿舒 and Kan-shue Larry Wong. "Perspectives in launching consumer products in PR China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30409020.
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Müller, Suzana Simão. "Brazil in the world trade of forest products export performance and government policy from 1961 to 1989 /." Madison, WI, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29809221.html.
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Kinnman, Susanna. "Managing agricultural export instability : the case of rice and coffee in Vietnam /." Lund, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/49356778X.pdf.
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Erdil, Erkan. "Demand Systems For Agricultural Products In The Oecd Countries." Phd thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604825/index.pdf.
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The estimation of demand equations provides the earliest example of the use
of statistical and econometric techniques on economic data. It is possible to identify
two distinct approaches to the estimation of demand equations. The first and
original approach concentrated on the demand for particular goods by paying
attention to any special characteristics of the single market involved. The second
approach involved simultaneous estimation of complete systems containing the
demand equations for every commodity group purchased by consumers. The
estimation of a complete system of demand equations in principle enables us to
obtain better estimates of each equation in the system than the first approach
because of interaction in the demand behavior of different commodities. This study
is directed towards the estimation of demand systems for agricultural products in
the OECD countries. Three representatives demand systems with their extensions,
namely the Rotterdam Model, An Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS), and CBS
model are used. These models are estimated by Seemingly Unrelated Regression
(SUR) method. The procedures to estimate demand systems suggest significant
empirical regularities for agricultural products in the OECD countries. The main
contribution of this study is its procedure for model selection. This procedure
implies the superiority of AIDS and CBS models over the Rotterdam model.
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Cui, Hao. "Parent Preferences for Baby Formula in China and Potential Implications for U.S. Dairy Product Exports." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/657.
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As the world's most populous country, with more than 16 million births every year, China has emerged as a large importer of baby formula. China's relaxation of the one-child policy, which was announced in 2015, is expected to increase the number of births significantly and therefore increase the demand for Chinese and imported baby formula. While information on parent preferences for baby formula is very important for understanding and predicting China's import demand for baby formula and other products used to produce baby formula, like milk powder, there are very limited empirical studies on Chinese parent preferences for baby formula in the literature due to data limitation and other reasons. This research collects primary data from China through a parent survey, uses the data to analyze parent preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for selected baby formula attributes, and derives implications for U.S. dairy product exports. Specifically, with detailed data from a total of 433 respondents, this study first examines parent purchase behavior of baby formula through descriptive analysis, then assesses parent preferences and WTP for selected baby formula attributes through the estimation of a random utility model, and finally derives implications for U.S. exports of milk powder, whey, and other dairy products.
The descriptive analysis suggests that education level and income play an important role in parent purchase behavior of baby formula. The estimation results of the random utility model differed according to whether the survey was administered online or as a hardcopy. The results from the online survey indicate that imported, organic, and more reputable brands of baby formula are more attractive to respondents than domestic, non-organic, and less reputable brands. While respondents who completed the hardcopy survey also indicated a preference for organic baby formula from a reputable brand, they preferred domestic baby formula to imported formula. Further analysis of the WTP from the online survey for baby formula showed that parents have a strong preference and are willing to pay significantly more for baby formulas produced in Australia and the U.S. as compared to that produced in China. They are willing to pay more for organic baby formula and baby formula with an excellent reputation. The WTP results from the hardcopy survey indicate that parents are willing to pay more for domestic baby formula. They are also willing to pay more for organic baby formula and baby formula with an excellent reputation. China's emerging demand for imported baby formula, milk powder, and whey may bring more opportunities for the U.S. dairy industry, but U.S. dairy products are also facing increasing competition from similar products from other nations in the Chinese market. More studies are needed to identify the comparative advantages of U.S. baby formula and other dairy products in the Chinese market and to develop effective trade policies for enhancing U.S. exports to China.
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Bradshaw, Girard W. "Detecting macroeconomic impacts on agricultural prices and export sales : a time series forecasting approach /." Thesis, This resource online, 1988. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-04122010-083628/.
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Leishman, David <1968>. "International Agricultural Trade under Regulatory Asymmetry: An Economic Analysis of SME Export Behavior." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4939/.
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Over the last three decades, international agricultural trade has grown significantly. Technological advances in transportation logistics and storage have created opportunities to ship anything almost anywhere. Bilateral and multilateral trade agreements have also opened new pathways to an increasingly global market place. Yet, international agricultural trade is often constrained by differences in regulatory regimes. The impact of “regulatory asymmetry” is particularly acute for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) that lack resources and expertise to successfully operate in markets that have substantially different regulatory structures. As governments seek to encourage the development of SMEs, policy makers often confront the critical question of what ultimately motivates SME export behavior. Specifically, there is considerable interest in understanding how SMEs confront the challenges of regulatory asymmetry. Neoclassical models of the firm generally emphasize expected profit maximization under uncertainty, however these approaches do not adequately explain the entrepreneurial decision under regulatory asymmetry. Behavioral theories of the firm offer a far richer understanding of decision making by taking into account aspirations and adaptive performance in risky environments. This paper develops an analytical framework for decision making of a single agent. Considering risk, uncertainty and opportunity cost, the analysis focuses on the export behavior response of an SME in a situation of regulatory asymmetry. Drawing on the experience of fruit processor in Muzaffarpur, India, who must consider different regulatory environments when shipping fruit treated with sulfur dioxide, the study dissects the firm-level decision using @Risk, a Monte Carlo computational tool.
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Jansen, van Rensburg Susara Jacoba. "The export promotion of South African craft products / Susara Jacoba Jansen van Rensburg." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4956.
Full textAbstract:
Exports are a key to the growth of the economy and therefore very important to any country. Exports are also important to SMEs, and international trade is responsible for most countries' prosperity. Due to the importance of exports, it is important for a country to promote trade and it is no longer a question of 'if government should be involved in the allocation of resources and the promotion of trade, but the principal questions are 'how much?' and 'what kind?' of government involvement there should be. If governments get involved in export promotion, it is important for those governments to realise two things: firstly, national resources are scarce and secondly, due to this scarcity, great selectivity is needed in developing and implementing export promotion strategies and activities. Therefore the challenges faced by governments are to choose specific sectors for export promotion and to allocate their limited resources among these sectors.
The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) of South Africa is aware of the importance of effective trade promotion and the effect that the focusing of specific sectors of the economy for trade promotion purposes could have on export growth. As a result of this, the DTI started to emphasise the importance of certain priority sectors and has begun to assign greater support to the promotion of these sectors. Crafts are such a priority sector and government's vision for the craft sector is to have an efficient, formalised, globally competitive South African craft sector by 2014.
For the craft sector to become globally competitive, the South African government (through the DTI) should contribute more effectively to the promotion of craft exports. Since craft SMEs internationally and in South Africa face many export barriers, this is not an easy task. If government, through the DTI, wishes to enhance craft exports, they need to promote craft trade more effectively. This can be done firstly by identifying the challenges faced by craft SMEs and exporters in South Africa, and, secondly, by strategically removing these export barriers or assisting craft SMEs to overcome them.
There are many barriers that stand in the way of successful exporting, but this study will focus on only two of these barriers. The first barrier relates to the fact that different craft SMEs face different export challenges in the different stages of their export process and, as a result, they need different export promotion programmes. The second barrier relates to the fact that SME exports are hampered by a lack of accurate market information, especially market information that concentrates on product and market identification. Both these barriers form the basis of the problem statement of this study and will be discussed subsequently.
International studies have suggested that government's assistance should focus on different types of programmes to reach the specific needs that different SMEs face in different stages of the internationalisation process. Since South African craft SMEs have different developmental needs or export challenges during different export stages, it is important for the DTI, South Africa's leading trade promotion organisation, to identify and assist these SMEs with specific export promotion programmes. This study identifies the developmental needs or export barriers that are faced by craft SMEs in South Africa and recommends certain export promotion programmes that the DTI could use to make their trade promotion efforts more effective.
The second problem this study addresses is the lack of accurate market information that is found within the craft sector. Two of the most prominent factors to influence non-exporting and exporting craft SMEs not to export is the fact that they have no time to research new markets and lack proper market information. In South Africa, the development of craft exports is hampered by a lack of accurate market information that concentrates specifically on product and market identification. The lack of accurate market information that is found within the craft sector can be ascribed to the fact that it is difficult to calculate and analyse craft data because craft is not being exclusively identified in the HS coding system. As a result of this, it is difficult to distinguish the international trade flows of craft products and this hinders any efforts of countries to recognise and develop the export potential of crafts. Many governments, while acknowledging the importance of crafts in their national development policies, have found it difficult to develop and fund programmes for the sector due to the absence of sufficient statistics.
This study attempts to solve the market information problem by providing a method to calculate craft flow. One of the greatest contributions of this study is that, during this process, it provided some of the first available craft market information to be analysed and interpreted. The data provided an overview and analysis of the international craft market and craft flow, the South African craft market, and craft flow to and from South Africa as well as South Africa's contribution to craft trade. The data also identified and analysed the craft products (and markets) with the highest trade potential and compared these products and markets to the same products that were traded by South Africa. The availability of this data makes it possible for the DTI to use its limited resources to develop and implement export promotion strategies and activities specifically targeted to promote the trade of the products and markets with the highest export potential. This will ensure that government resources are used with maximum return on investment and will increase South African craft exports.Thesis (Ph.D. (International Trade))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
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Moskal, Ryszard. "Factor proportions and product cycle: a study of export patterns in manufactured products." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71159.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation seeks to empirically examine the hypotheses suggested by the model of trade in manufactured goods, based on international differences in relative abundance of labor skills and on inter-country differences in ability to develop new products.
Extensive theoretical and empirical literature shows that the traditional trade theory alone fails to provide a satisfactory explanation of modern industrial trade patterns. This study proposes that the neo-factor or skill approach, and the neo-technology or product cycle approach, treated as complementary components of a single framework, offer a potentially useful tool for examining national manufacturing export structures. The two approaches, initially meant to explain export performance of the U.S. industries, are found to perform well in the cross-country study covering a wide variety of economies.
The empirical analysis produces some tentative evidence that the neo-factor approach and the neo-technology approach are especially well suited to explain trade composition in two different classes of manufactures, "mature" and "new" products, respectively. Further, the two theories are tested against data covering 69 3-digit SITC industrial product groups. Across countries; skill intensity of exports is found to be positively and significantly correlated with various proxies for the availability of skills. Export performance in relatively newly developed products, and in those with high R&D content, turn out to be positively and significantly correlated with various measures of innovative capability. Finally, it is demonstrated that for most of the economies in the sample, export performance over manufactured products with varying skill intensity, R&D content, and age, is subject to intertemporal changes as suggested by the notion of product cycle.Ph. D.
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Sewerin, Diana. "International product liability and uniform sales law." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64305.pdf.
Full text
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Massicotte, Luc. "Assessment of the agricultural value of sugar refinery by-products." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23410.
Full textAbstract:
The sugar refinery process used by Lantic Sugar Ltd generates three by-products having characteristics that give them potential as soil amendments or fertilizers, particularly as a phosphorous and calcium source. Laboratory and a field trials were conducted in order to examine the changes in agronomic properties of soil produced by the application of these residues.During the laboratory experiment, the by-products examined were spend bone char (SBC), filter-press mud (FPM), clarification scum (SCU) and a compost (COM) produced using FPM and SCU, where as in a field experiment, COM, SBC and a mixture (MIX) made of FPM and SCU, were compared to a commercial fertilizer (TSP) and non-treated soils.
The orthic humic gleysol of clay texture and low pH soil conditions in which the field experiment was conducted resulted in high P fixation of all the applied residues. Contrasts analysis showed that TSP behaved as the soils unamended P for all nutrient concentrations in tissues over two cropping seasons (1993 and 1994), on two crops, namely wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) and corn (Zea mays, L.). Treatments (residues at different rates of application) did not significantly increase the Ca levels in COM plots nor did they increase the wet aggregate stability of soil under either crop. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Van, Dyk Lizelle Doreen. "The production of granular activated carbon from agricultural waste products." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52003.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Peach and apricot shells are agricultural waste products. These waste products accumulate around canneries and food-processing plants in South Africa. No effort is being made to utilise these waste products. This study is the first part of the product development from these products i.e. peach shell activated carbon and apricot shell activated carbon. By producing activated carbon from peach and apricot shells the solid waste problem is addressed, but most of all a profit can be made. But why activated carbon? Activated carbons are unique and versatile adsorbent with a vast amount of adsorption applications. It can be produced via a simple oxidation reaction with steam and the nature of peach and apricot shells are such that it is expected that activated carbons with good adsorption properties can be produced from it. The single largest consumer of activated carbon in South Africa is the gold mining industry that uses imported coconut shell activated carbon for gold adsorption in the gold recovery process. Activated carbon is also used as water purification adsorbents. During this study activated carbons were produced in a fluidized bed reactor at various activation conditions: 700 - 900°C, 0.0425 - 0.0629 g steamlg char.min and 30 - 60 min. This was done in order to find the optimum activation conditions within the activation parameter range. The optimal activated carbons were defined as peach and apricot shell activated carbons that showed good microporous as well as mesoporous character. The optimal activated carbons produced are: peach shell activated at 875°C, 0.0533 g stearnlg char. min, 60 min and apricot shell activated carbon at 850°C, 0.0533 g steamlg char.min, 60min. The possible use of these optimal activated carbons and two other activated carbons produced (Peach shell activated carbon 900°C, 0.0425 g steamlg char. min, 60 min and apricot shell activated carbon 900°C, 0.0425 g steamlg char.min, 60min) were tested in gold recovery and water purification. The gold adsorption properties of peach and apricot shell activated carbons were found to be better than two commercial coconut shell activated carbons (Chemquest 650 and GRC 22). No definite conclusions could, however, be drawn about the replacement of coconut shell activated carbon with peach or apricot shell activated carbon, because abrasion test work and thermal regeneration of the experimental carbons still have to be performed. The experimental activated carbons displayed good phenol adsorption characteristic, although further test work is required.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Perske- en appelkoospitte is landbouafvalprodukte. Hierdie afvalprodukte versamel rondom inmaakfabrieke en voedselververkingsaanlegte. Tans word daar geen poging in Suid-Afrika aangewend om hierdie afvalprodukte te benut nie. Hierdie studie is die eerste deel van die ontwikkeling van die produkte: Perskepitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof en appelkoospitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof. Deur geaktiveerde koolstof van die perske- en appelkoospitdoppe te maak, word nie net 'n antwoord op die vastestofafvalsprobleem gevind nie, maar daar kan ook geld gemaak word. Hoekom geaktiveerde koolstof? Aktiveerde koolstowwe is veelsydige en unieke adsorbente met 'n groot verskeidenheid adsorpsie toepassings. Dit kan vervaardig word via 'n eenvoudige oksidasie reaksie met stoom en die aard van die perske- en appelkoospitdoppe is sodanig, dat verwag kan word om geaktiveerde koolstowwe met goeie adsorpsie eienskappe daarvan te kry. Die grootste enkelverbruiker van geaktiveerde koolstof in Suid-Afrika is die goudmynbedryf, wat kokosneutdop geaktiveerde koolstof invoer om goud te herwin. Geaktiveerde koolstof word ook gebruik vir watersuiwering. Tydens hierdie studie IS geaktiveerde koolstowwe by verskillende aktiveeringskondisies in 'n gevloeïdiseerde bed vervaardig: 700 - 900oe, 0.0425 - 0.0629g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min en 30 - 60 mm. Die aktiveringskondisies is gevarieer om sodoende die optimale aktiveringskondisies binne die aktiveringsparameterreeks te kry. 'n Geaktiveerde koolstof is as optimaal geklassifiseer as dit 'n goeie mikro- sowel as mesostruktuur getoon het. Die optimaal geaktiveerde koolstowwe is: geaktiveerde koolstof vervaardig van perskepitdoppe by 875°e, 0.0533 g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60 mm en geaktiveerde koolstof vervaardig van appelkoospitdoppe by 850oe, 0.0533 g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60min. Die gebruik van die twee optimale geaktiveerde koolstowwe sowel as twee ander geaktiveerde koolstowwe (perskepitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof, 900oe, 0.0425 g stoornlg gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60 min en appelkoospitdop-geaktiveerde koolstof, 850°C, 0.0533 g stoom/g gepiroliseerde pitdoppe.min, 60min) is VIr goudadsorpsie en watersuiwering ondersoek. Die goudadsorpsie eienskappe van die perske-en appelkoospitdop-geaktiveerde koolstowwe was beter as die van twee kommersiële kokosneutdop-geaktiveerde koolstowwe (Chemquest 650 and GRC 22). Daar kan egter geen definitiewe gevolgtrekkings gemaak word oor die vervanging van kokosneutdop geaktiveerde koolstowwe met dié van perske of appelkoospitdoppe nie, aangesien daar nog toetsresultate oor die slytweerstand en reaktiverings eienskappe van die eksperimentele geaktiveerde koolstowwe uitstaande is. Die eksperimentele geaktiveerde koolstowwe toon goeie adsorpie ten opsigte van fenol, maar verdere toetswerk is egter nodig.
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Mkumba, Maxwell Young. "Export taxes as a trade policy tool in Malawi: the case of timber products." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16597.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical referencesThe study examines the export tax as a trade policy tool in Malawi, with a specific focus on the timber industry. This study was motivated by the sudden imposition of an export tax on timber trade by the Malawi Government in 2011, as a reactive policy to an upsurge in timber exports from Malawi. The objective of the study was, therefore, to investigate why the Malawi Government decided to impose the export tax, and whether this trade policy tool has been effective in meeting the objectives. In this regard, the study was done in a broad manner to cover both the theoretical aspects of the export tax, as a trade policy tool, and the practical realities about the Malawi Government's management of the forestry sector and the timber trading in an environment where the Government decided to join the global rules-based trading system. The study used a descriptive explanatory design, employing qualitative methods that involved the use of questionnaires and analysis of the existing literature. The results revealed that an export tax is a duty that is applied on products before they are exported in order to achieve certain objectives, which include government revenue collection, domestic price stabilization, achieving food security, or promoting value addition, hence, industrial development. The review of the literature has demonstrated that care should be exercised when adopting this policy tool because export taxes can be trade-restricting and welfare diminishing on a country, or can constitute a "beggar-thy-neighbour" policy when not properly designed. It is in consideration of such consequences that it has now become fashionable for modern free trade agreements (FTAs) to include provisions on export taxes. For instance, the SADC Protocol on Trade includes Article 5 which prohibits Member States from applying any export duties on goods for export to other Member States. However, from the study, it has been established that if the export taxes are properly designed and implemented, they can boost Government revenue and catalyse industrial productivity. In this respect, evidence has shown that the Government imposed the export tax on timber to curb influx of foreign traders who have been buying the timber because it was cheaper that the timber found in the neighbouring countries. This was a reactionary use of export tax as a trade policy tool, rather than taking a proactive approach to ensure that the Government achieves the policy objectives. Thus, the available literature has shown that the Government could combine the various objectives for introducing the export tax on timber. In this regard, the efficacy of the export taxes depends on the creation of proper linkages with other policy initiatives, such as existence of local knowledge, technological development and processing capacity for increased local production to meet high standards of the international market. Thus, while the Malawi Government can maintain the export tax on timber, it should be done with a very clear objectives and timeframe for using it as a trade policy tool. The Government can combine a number of policy objectives, such as, revenue generation and use the proceeds to undertake re-afforestation programme and protect the environment while, at the same time, encouraging value addition or encouraging global value chains. Such initiatives have the capacity to generate economic gains because as the country builds the productive capacities, there is employment creation and use of other domestically produced inputs or raw materials. In this respect, it is important that the pricing of timber or forestry products should also reflect the appropriate or true economic rent, which should be levied from the use of the natural resource. The study has, therefore, revealed that the Malawi Government should review the method of collecting the export taxes to ensure maximum compliance, curb corruption, and avoid loss of foreign exchange earnings. The Government should devise other ways of collecting the export taxes than at the points of exit or the designated borders. One recommendation is for the Government to place the Malawi Revenue Authority officials at the sites where the timber is harvested, and make such sites as the collection points. More importantly, the study recommends that Government should conduct civic education campaigns targeted towards timber producers and exporters, highlighting the benefits of the export taxes to avoid illegal trade and corruption. The study has further revealed that it is possible for the Government to increase the stumpage fee to the levels that would be comparable to the stumpage fees in other countries such as Kenya, South Africa, and Tanzania.
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Wilson, Amanda Janice. "Database Marketing Management Strategies for Agricultural Lenders." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36734.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the use of databases to improve marketing techniques and
customer segmentation in lending institutions. Specifically, this study examines the use
of products and services by agricultural customers, and then determines the relationship
between the use of those products and services with farm business characteristics.
Information is also obtained on the interest rate sensitivity of the producers and correlated
with farm business characteristics. The importance of technology and strategic alliances
and other influences in the decision making process are determined after survey analysis.
The survey was sent to producers who had some type of loan. Respondents from
this study used an average of 3.2 loan products and 7.6 services for a total of 10.8 loans
and services. Only 1 percent of the respondents indicated that they did not have a
personal checking account. Twelve percent of the respondents indicated that they did not
use a credit card. Only 16 percent of the respondents indicated that they used leasing
services. Investment products did not have a high percentage of use. Thirty-three percent
indicated they were using certificates of deposit, while only 21 percent indicated the use
of money market funds, and 30 percent indicated the use of mutual funds. Thirty-seven
percent indicated they were using IRAs. However, most of the respondents were using
some form of insurance. Three-fourths of the respondents were using life insurance,
while only 21 percent indicated that they did not possess disability insurance. Other
services were also analyzed in this study. Only 15 percent of the respondents indicated
that they were utilizing estate planning services, despite the 67 percent of respondents
who were greater than age 41 and the 58 percent of respondents with greater than
$500,000 in assets. Seventeen percent of the respondents were using an appraisal service.
Due to the lower levels of usage for the investment products, this study focused
on the relationship between farm characteristics and the investment products. This study
showed that a relationship existed between farm and non-farm income with IRA usage. iii
Only farm income had a relationship with money market fund usage and mutual fund
usage. While, the use of estate plans was related to asset level.
The analysis on interest rate sensitivity was determined by the amount an interest
rate would have to decrease for a producer to switch lending institutions. The producers
who were found to be less interest rate sensitive were those who had lower farm and non-farm
incomes, lower asset levels, lower education levels, higher debt-to-asset ratio, and
those who owned a computer. This implies that these are the more loyal customers to an
institution or perhaps these producers have fewer opportunities to switch institutions.
Producers in this study indicated that when selecting a lender/service provider, a
competitive interest rate (76 percent of respondents) and the institution being a
dependable source of credit (75 percent) was important. Knowledge of agriculture was
also very important (69 percent of respondents). Internet banking and educational
seminars rated as the characteristics that were least important, 3 percent and 9 percent,
respectively. However, in the decision making process, lenders (69 percent of
respondents), accountants (53 percent), and veterinarians (38 percent) were shown to be
very important. The spouse/partner has considerable influence also on decision making.
Sixty-seven percent of the respondents indicated that the spouse/partner had a
considerable influence on investment decision, while sixty-one percent of the respondents
indicated that the spouse/partner had a considerable influence on credit decisions.
Five specific recommendations were made to the institutions following this study.
These recommendations include: use of technology, institutional use of databases, use of
influencers, and targeting and segmenting the marketplace.Master of Science
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Saghaian, Sayed Y. "EXPORT DEMAND ESTIMATION FOR U.S. CORN AND SOYBEANS TO MAJOR DESTINATIONS." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/agecon_etds/53.
Full textAbstract:
The United States is the leading producer and exporter of corn and soybeans in the world. The United States exports 20% of the world’s corn and 30% of soybeans in a typical year (USDA, ERS). The U.S., being the top producer and exporter of these commodities, is also confronting major rivals such as Argentina, Brazil, and Ukraine, which are increasing their exports and causing the U.S. to lose some of its market share. In order to stop this decline in market share, the U.S. can adopt and implement different policies to manage resources and employ advanced technology more effectively.
In this study, we empirically estimate the export demand function of U.S. corn and soybeans to the top four export destinations: China, Japan, European Union, and Mexico in the current context of energy and agriculture linkages and production of ethanol from corn. A log-linear, panel data equation is used to estimate the U.S. corn and soybeans export demand function. Own price, cross price, income and exchange rate elasticities are estimated econometrically. Data for the U.S. and its top four importer countries were gathered for the 1980-2012 period. A Hausman test implies that a random effects estimator is better for the estimations.
Elasticity analysis indicates that U.S. corn demand is elastic to own price, cross price, income and poultry inventory, while inelastic to real exchange rate and pig inventory. The positive cross price elasticity reveals that corn and soybeans are substitutes in these countries. Conversely elasticity analysis for the U.S. soybean demand shows elastic cross price, real exchange rate, and pig and poultry inventory effects, while inelastic own price and income effects. Consequently, for the U.S. to gain more international market share, U.S. corn and soybean producers need to take advantage of their advanced technology and high management skills to increase quality and have more competitive pricing compared to rivals. The U.S. can gain more market share by employing better regulation to increase the quality of products, and provide incentives to U.S. farmers and exporters that could help boost their advantages in a highly competitive international environment. Higher quality and more product differentiation could help in this regard. This could help U.S. farmers increase exports to currently existing foreign destinations and access new markets, to expand market shares.
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Davila, Luis A. "Government participation in pricing farm products." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9830.
Full text
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Chang, Hsiang-Ju, and 張祥儒. "The Study of Argentina''s Export of Agricultural Products." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97737619362462088316.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
拉丁美洲研究所碩士班
95
In the history of economic development, the importance of agriculture must not be ignored because it could be the root of any economic activity. Due to its position and sensitiveness, this sector is always highly protected, which results the disorder of international agricultural trade and some potential trade wars in the last half of 20 century. This problem was partly resolved after the GATT Uruguay Round Negotiation in which the agricultural trade liberalization and subsidies were discussed. Under the negotiation, Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture(URAA) was enacted in 1994, which was the special rule of international agricultural trade. Argentina’s agricultural export in 1990s benefited by URAA, nevertheless, the fundamental cause of the export jump was the series of the economic reforms realized in 1990s. The economic reform not only stimulated the commodities production, especially soybeans products, but also created an excellent condition for the export. In that period, the export to the world and some specific destinations, as European Union and China, increased dramatically. Beside the economic reforms, the establishment of Mercosur also positively affected the Argentina’s agricultural export. Now, the economic integration of majority of South American countries is in process, as a result, the growth of Argentina’s export is highly expected. However, the export was not expanding all the time in this period. In the end of 1990s, the economic situation in South America was getting worse, and the world economic recession in the beginning of this century seriously influenced Argentina. In the end of 2001, Argentina encountered economic and financial crisis, and the whole country lapsed into chaos. During those years, the export decreased year by year. This situation did not change until 2003, and since 2004, Argentina’s economy was recovering and agricultural export was getting better.
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Chang, Shu-Ling, and 張淑玲. "Comparison of Factors Affecting Taiwan Agricultural Products Export to ASEAN And China." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107NCHU5412011%22.&searchmode=basic.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
應用經濟學系所
107
This study aims to not only examine the variation of trade value exporting Taiwan agricultural products to ASEAN and China from 1990 through 2017, but also apply the gravity model of trade to analyze the effect of economic performance, exchange rate, trade openness, distance, language of ASEAN and China and Taiwan governing party. In addition, this study adopts the partial least-squares method to conduct a quantitative comparison analysis. The result shows that real GDP per capita, real GDP, exchange rate, trade openness, distance and language of ASEAN and China are determinants to the export performance of Taiwan agricultural products to ASEAN and China. Among others, real GDP per capita and real GDP are strong driving forces for the export of Taiwan argrilcultural products. Although Taiwanese ruling party is not one of the key factors to affect the export performance of Taiwan agricultural products to ASEAN and China, it promotes the openness of ASEAN and China to Taiwan agricultural products and reduces the trade cost caused by language difference.
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Tzeng, Syh-Wei, and 曾士瑋. "Political Economic Analysis of Postwar Taiwan’s Import and Export Quarantine Policy for Agricultural Products 1945-2005." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72191659506697991990.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
公共行政與政策學系
94
The world we live today has been relatively globalized. As international trading become more free and open, not only will it intensify the competitiveness among nations, but also the exchange of product. Import and export regulation on plants and animals in Taiwan had long been administrated by the Bureau of Commodity Inspection and Quarantine, which was under the Ministry of Economic Affairs. This institutional design reflects the dominance of economical ideology in the national development strategy. Thus, the regulation on import and export of plants and animals was executed merely to avoid trade losses. As pollution become more serious, so does environmental consciousness. By this concept, protection of our living environment from out-coming diseases has become a major concern. Since the increasing trend of the amount of imported goods is expected to last, the risk of diseases being imported or exported will also raise. As a result, we resort to the regulation of import and exporting on plants and animals as a means of protecting our local environment. Finally, on the political-economical aspect, interests involved in the import and export regulations of plants and animals will certainly create new problems such as objection against opening of importation by the agricultural industry, and the effects of pest-free area status on diplomatic negotiations. These are main issues which a modern nation must face.
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Секмедіна, Є. О. "Підвищення ефективності регіонального експорту продукції сільськогосподарської галузі (на прикладі Одеського регіону)." Thesis, 2019. http://dspace.oneu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/11151.
Full textAbstract:
У роботі розглядаються теоретичні основи поняття «експорт сільськогосподарської
продукції» та специфіка регулювання експорту сільськогосподарської продукції, проведено
узагальнення чинників впливу на ефективність експорту продукції сільськогосподарської галузі
Одеського регіону та шляхи підвищення ефективності регіонального експорту.
Зроблений комплексний аналіз динаміки, географічної та товарної структури експорту, та
SWOT-аналіз експорту сільськогосподарської продукції Одеського регіону для реалізації наявних
можливостей і протистоянню загрозам та виявленню внутрішніх недоліків регіону.
Запропоновано шляхи підвищення ефективності регіонального експорту
сільськогосподарської продукції Одеського регіону та заходи з державної підтримки експорту
сільськогосподарських товарів з урахуванням вимог Зони вільної торгівлі між Україною та ЄС,
розглянуто перспективні ринки збуту сільськогосподарської продукції виробників Одеського
регіону України.The paper considers the theoretical basis of the concept of "agricultural exports" and the specifics of regulation of agricultural exports, generalization of factors influencing the export efficiency of agricultural products of the Odessa region and ways to increase the efficiency of regional exports. A comprehensive analysis of the dynamics, geographic and commodity structure of exports, and a SWOT analysis of export of agricultural products of the Odessa region for realization of available opportunities and confronting threats and identifying internal deficiencies in the region. The ways of increasing the efficiency of regional export of agricultural products of the Odessa region and measures on state support for export of agricultural products taking into account the requirements of the Free Trade Area between Ukraine and the EU are proposed, prospective markets for agricultural products of producers of the Odessa region of Ukraine are considered.
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Anh, Nguyen The, and 阮世英. "Factors Affecting the Supply Chain Management for Vietnamese Agricultural Products Export to Middle East Market-A Case Study in HAPRO (Hanoi Trade Corp.)." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82928234093799919740.
Full textAbstract:
碩士美和科技大學
經營管理研究所
100
The most current requirement of many Vietnamese agricultural products exporting companies is how to increase the agricultural products sale to overseas countries; especially to Middle East which is an area consuming a big quantity of agricultural products annually and the quality required is at the average. There are several studies with regards to this matter but conversely there are a few ones related to determinants that drive the Vietnamese agricultural products export to this market up and more competitively and effectively. These originated the motivation to make this research. This study investigates about planning strategy, marketing management, Middle East countries’ overview and demand, Vietnamese Agricultural products characteristics in the local and Supply Chain Management (SCM) to the exporting situation. Then find out the strengths and problems of each by using case study in HAPRO ( Hanoi Trade corporation), one of the biggest agricultural products exporting company in Vietnam and bring out solutions to enhance the agricultural products export.
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Quyet, Pham Van, and 範文決. "Employee’s Job Satisfaction at Hai Duong Agricultural Product and Food Processing Import – Export Joint Stock Company." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94474149668170731241.
Full textAbstract:
碩士樹德科技大學
經營管理研究所
101
This thesis aims to research on factors affecting the satisfaction of employees with their job at Haiduong Agricultural and Foodstuff Processing Export – Import J.S.C. The research model is JDI adding the factor “organizational culture”. Research method used is quantitative research method, using statistical methods such as: Cronbach `s Alpha, factor analysis, regression, correlation, etc. with the help of SPSS software 18.0. The research results showed that there were four factors that influence the satisfaction of employees working at the company, including: (1) organizational culture; (2) equal salary payment; (3) work itself; (4) co-worker relations. In which the factor “organizational culture” has the biggest impact. The research results also showed useful information for increasing the satisfaction level of employees with job. In addition, the results showed that it was needed to adjust JDI model in order to better apply in measuring employee satisfaction with job in the research conditions of Vietnam. Finally, the research also pointed out limitations and directions for further researches.
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Visser, Amorie. "The evaluation of KwaZulu-Natal's priority agricultural sectors for effective export promotion / Amorie Visser." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11061.
Full textAbstract:
This study provides the strategies that can be implemented to promote the
agricultural sector in KwaZulu-Natal and the theory behind economic development,
as well as the importance of trade and export growth. There are restrictions in terms
of trade and it is important that these are addressed before making a decision to
choose a viable, potential and realistic country to export to. This study is aimed
answer the research question if agriculture can be seen as a primary export sector in
KwaZulu-Natal. Furthermore, this study includes background on the KwaZulu-Natal
Province and mainly focus on the indicators such as GDP, employment, health
issues and other indicators that will indicate that this province is of importance in
South Africa in terms of the agricultural sector. This study uses SARS data to
analyse and calculate the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) of all agricultural
products of the province. This is done to identify if there is a comparative advantage
in the products studied in this study. The products of KwaZulu-Natal also show that
this province’s agriculture can be seen as a primary export sector and that this sector
is a major contribution to South Africa’s GDP and development. This study uses the
Decision Support Model (DSM) to compare the results from the Revealed
Comparative Advantage to identify the products and sectors which have the most
export potential in the international market. This study reveals that the agricultural
products and industries in KwaZulu-Natal with the highest overall export potential are
chocolate and cocoa preps, refined soybean oil, and leather products as the three
top performers among agricultural products and have the most export potential in the
province. Concluding remarks are based on the findings made throughout the study.Thesis (MCom (International Trade))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
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Mokshapathy, S. "The problems and prospects of processed food products in India with special reference to the exports of fruits and vegetables for the period of 1972-73 to 1981-82." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/2110.
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Le, Ngoc Huong. "Contract Farming in Vietnam: Empirical Research on Marketing Determinants, Farm Performance and Technical Efficiency of the Export-oriented Rice Sector in the Mekong River Delta." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E56D-7.
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CHEN, WEI-TING, and 陳威廷. "Explore Tea Growers’ Intention to Continuous Use of Agricultural Products Production Traceability System A Case Study of Yunlin and Northern Chiayi Area." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2fe6hg.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
資訊管理系
107
Under the emphasis of food safety, consumers are now paying attention to the quality of goods purchased. The government began to promote the Agricultural Products Production Traceability System in 2004.The purpose of this system is mainly to trace the upstream of the manufacturers of products in the first time when food safety problems are discovered, and to immediately take products off store shelves to protect the safety of consumers. Most of the previous studies explored the perception of the Agricultural Products Production Traceability System on the consumer side. In contrast, this study takes tea growers as the main research object, and uses the Technology Organization Environment Framework to exploring the intention of tea growers to continue using the Agricultural Products Production Traceability System. This study directly collects the questionnaires from tea growers of area of Yunlin and northern Chiayi in person. There are total of 71 questionnaires collected. This study uses SPSS 22.0 and Smart PLS 3 to verify the hypothesis relationship between variables and interpret variables. Partial Least Squares for Regression Analysis is used to validate the model presented in this study. The results of this study show that in the Technological aspects: Expected Benefit has no significant impact on continuous adoption; the Organizational aspects: Marketing Groups Support and Technical ability have no significant impact on continuous adoption; the Environmental aspects: Government policies have no significant impact on continuous adoption, and then competitive pressures have a significant impact on continued adoption.