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Academic literature on the topic 'Export services'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Export services"

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Daniels, P. W. "Export of Services of Servicing Exports?" Geografiska Annaler, Series B: Human Geography 82B, no. 1 (2000): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0467.00069.

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Daniels, P. W. "Export of services of servicing exports?" Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography 82, no. 1 (2000): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0435-3684.2000.00069.x.

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Lindemane, Marija, Ilmars Purins, and Didzis Rutitis. "Factors influencing export of financial services." Oeconomia Copernicana 3, no. 4 (2012): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/oec.2012.022.

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Almost all countries in the world are involved in the world trade of financial services. However, whereas for most countries the export of financial services is only a side result of their foreign economic activities, for some countries it composes a constitutive source of income. The purpose of the current research is to determine the factors that influence the export of financial services thereby explaining the differences in geographic allocation of financial services export throughout the world. For achieving this purpose, such research methodology as analysis of selected literature on financial services, an expert survey, as well as mathematical processing of the obtained research data have been used. The result of the research has reflected common factors, which according to the financial experts’ opinion have the most significant influence on any country's export of financial services.

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Sindhu, Dr M. "Recent trends in exports of computer software and information technology enabled services from India." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 8, no. 02 (2020): 1584–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v8i02.em04.

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Software industry occupies an important place in Indian economy. This sector has a significant role in term of contribution to GDP, employment, export earning etc. The present paper examined the performance of software service exports from India. The software service exports comprises of computer services and information technology enabled serices (ITES). The recent trends in the software export shows that the export earning has increased. The growth rate of export of this sector is 13 per cent during 2008-2019 period. ITES service exports shows a higher growth rate than the computer service exports during 2008-19 period. Though the public limited company was the major contributor of exports, in the last two years the private sector occupies the position. Major destination of software exports are USA and Canada. Majority of the software service exports are through the cross border supply, ie through Mode-1.

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Prohorovs, Anatolijs, and Marina Solesvik. "Services Sector Export in Europe." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (2018): 4574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124574.

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In this paper, we consider the changes that occurred in the service exports of thirty-eight European countries in the period of 2005–2016. We have found that the existing world trend related to the growth of service exports is also present in Europe. However, the trend of the service exports’ share growth in the general volume of export is not common for all European countries. We found that higher growth rates are observed in European countries with lower levels of GDP per capita. We also discovered the presence of a strong positive correlation between growth in service exports and GDP growth, as well as between growth in service exports and GDP per capita. We also found that there is a linear correlation between the growth of service exports and the growth of GDP per capita, as well as between the growth in service exports and GDP growth. The data obtained allowed us to conclude that European countries, categorized as “Innovation Leaders” in accordance with the European Innovation Scoreboard, are not the leading countries in Europe with regard to the rates of service export growth. We also discovered that service exports in Europe are less sensitive to adverse macroeconomic effects than goods exports.

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Das, Sampriti, and Amiya Sarma. "Growth Behaviour of India’s Export of Services, 1975–2018." Foreign Trade Review 56, no. 3 (2021): 301–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732520982187.

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Trade in services has made phenomenal strides in the globalisation era with the advent of a technology revolution, fragmentation in production processes and rapid digitisation. The case of India has been exemplary, as she bypasses her sluggish growth in goods exports to emerge as a world leader in commercial services. By churning out positive net exports since 2003, this trade sector has considerably eased the country’s unfavourable current-account position. Further, the relatively robust performance of the country’s service exports in the face of the Great Recession of 2008–2009 has ignited speculations over its suitability as an instrument of sustainable economic growth. Though the stupendous growth of India’s export of services is well documented, not much has been said regarding consistency in this growth. Our study identifies that against the backdrop of key macroeconomic developments, the growth performance of the country’s real export of services has undergone vivid variations. The long-term trend of these exports, though increasing, is choppy. We identify three structural regimes in the course of these exports: 1975–1993, 1994–2004 and 2005–2018. We conscientiously deduce that the phenomenal growth of real service exports that accrued in the 1990s has been slowly wearing out post 2005. The slowdown has both cyclical and structural elements to it and corresponds to the changing cyclicality of service exports, subduing demand, slowing global value chains (GVCs) and post-crisis mood of protectionism. JEL Codes: F14, C32, E32

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Grater, S., E. Steenkamp, W. Viviers, and L. Cuyvers. "Combining the export promotion of products and services: the case of South Africa." Southern African Business Review 18, no. 3 (2019): 93–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1998-8125/5687.

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With the trade in services playing an increasingly important role in boosting economic growth and development in many countries, governments and business entities – particularly in developing countries – should be devoting more time to exploring export opportunities for the services sector. However, a major challenge is that the services sector is often not well understood by government, and service providers themselves lack insight into and contacts in foreign markets. Furthermore, many governments concentrate more on the export promotion of products, while giving the services sector relatively less attention. This study investigates how two complementary decision support models (DSMs), for products and services respectively, can help to address the challenge of identifying realistic export opportunities in both these sectors. Specifically, the two DSMs, which incorporate a scientifically designed filtering process, reveal which products and services have the greatest potential in a range of viable markets. This linked approach to identifying export opportunities is an important step in encouraging co-operation between tangible goods producers and service providers, and lays the foundation for the design of mutually beneficial export marketing programmes. The study also shows how export promotion agencies in South Africa can use the results of both models to develop strategic plans aimed at boosting product and service exports in specified markets, thereby contributing meaningfully to the country’s internationalisation drive.

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Sermcheep, Sineenat. "Services Export and Economic Growth in ASEAN Countries." Journal of Asian Economic Integration 1, no. 2 (2019): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2631684619883443.

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Based on the panel data from 1980 to 2014, this article examines the effect of services export on economic growth in the ASEAN countries. The results show that there has been evidence of services export-led growth in ASEAN during the past decades. The services export data are disaggregated into modern and traditional services exports, and the estimations show that both exports contribute to the GDP growth with the less strong positive effect from the modern services exports. The goods export, conventional engine of growth, also maintains its significant and robust role as the growth-enhancing factor for ASEAN. In the period of a slow growth of goods exports and the direction of the growth policy towards services-oriented sector, the services exports have become increasingly significant as a new engine of growth, which also complement to the existing growth engine. JEL Codes: F43, O4

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SRIVASTAVA, SADHANA. "THE ROLE OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN INDIA'S SERVICES EXPORTS: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION." Singapore Economic Review 51, no. 02 (2006): 175–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590806002342.

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Export-oriented FDI is increasingly being perceived as an instrumental tool to strengthen country's export-competitiveness in developing countries. The theoretical literature suggests that both FDI and trade can be substitutive or complementary to each other depending on the nature of investment, industry-mix and host country's characteristics. In this context, the experience of the Indian economy is particularly instructive. Although some empirical studies have supported the view that FDI inflows in the Indian economy have not been export-oriented, it is important to note that none of these have studied the impact of FDI inflows on service exports, in spite of service sector emerging as a key driver of India's export growth. This paper examines the causal relationship between FDI inflows and service exports in the Indian economy during the post liberalization period since 1991. It uses a multivariate VAR framework for the analysis. The empirical results confirm the presence of short-run unidirectional Granger causality from FDI to services exports in the Indian economy.

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Halevi, Nadav. "Export Shares and Relative Export Affinities of Goods and Services of European OECD Countries, 2007." Global Economy Journal 15, no. 1 (2015): 133–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gej-2014-0036.

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Using recent Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) data on bilateral exports of services and International Monetary Fund (IMF) data on bilateral exports of goods, this paper compares goods and services as regards export proportions and relative export affinity for 20 OECD countries in 2007. It finds great diversity in bilateral exports of both goods and services and between countries. Whereas the 20 countries as a region have significant relative affinity in both types of exports, most countries have strong relations with only particular partners in the region, and even export aversion with others. If minimal diffusion is used as an indicator of regional integration, there is little such internal integration in the European OECD countries in exports of goods and less of services.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Export services"

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PEREIRA, BEATRIZ HELENA KURY COSTA. "THREE ESSAYS ON EXPORT PROMOTION SERVICES AND SYSTEMS: OVERCOMING EXPORT BARRIERS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=34884@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO<br>PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES COMUNITÁRIAS DE ENSINO PARTICULARES<br>O comércio exterior garante benefícios significativos para as nações, tanto do ponto de vista macroeconômico quanto microeconômico. Do ponto de vista macroeconômico, as exportações possibilitam o aumento das reservas cambiais e geram oportunidades de emprego proporcionando, consequentemente, melhores condições de vida. Do ponto de vista microeconômico, as exportações estimulam o desenvolvimento de vantagens competitivas, reduzindo a capacidade ociosa, elevando os padrões tecnológicos, potencializando a lucratividade, intensificando o retorno sobre os investimentos e reforçando a grandeza financeira das empresas. O desempenho das exportações das PMEs é particularmente de extrema importância, uma vez que elas são responsáveis por uma parcela significativa das atividades econômicas e podem ampliar substancialmente o resultado das exportações no nível agregado. No entanto, barreiras à exportação e falhas de mercado tendem a afetar sua capacidade de acesso aos recursos estratégicos necessários para garantir um processo de internacionalização bem-sucedido. Analisando pela ótica da Visão Baseada em Recursos (Resource Based View), a incapacidade das PMEs de obter sucesso em expandir-se internacionalmente devido à falta de recursos internos suficientes, know-how e informações sobre mercados estrangeiros, pode ser vista como uma condição de falha de mercado, endossando a participação do governo em iniciativas de promoção às exportações. A partir desse raciocínio e com base no conhecimento existente, o objetivo desta tese é contribuir para a investigação de serviços e sistemas de promoção às exportações em três ensaios. O primeiro ensaio, intitulado Serviços de Promoção às Exportações e Barreiras às Exportações da Firma: Há interação entre as duas literaturas?, visa examinar profundamente estas literaturas, apresentando, apresentando suas contribuições, lacunas e recomendações para estudos futuros. O segundo ensaio, intitulado Iniciativas de Promoção às Exportações junto a um Cluster, aborda o desenvolvimento de longo prazo de um cluster brasileiro de moda praia, utilizando o método do estudo de caso e focando especificamente nas tentativas de desenvolvimento de suas atividades exportadoras. Agentes de promoção às exportações tentaram introduzir novas práticas e atitudes em relação à cooperação entre empresas, mas não obtiveram sucesso. A questão fundamental, portanto, é buscar entender porque as empresas falharam em cooperar, apesar de várias iniciativas e investimentos realizados para promover ações coletivas. O artigo fornece algumas explicações possíveis que sugerem implicações para outros clusters brasileiros. Por fim, a conclusão fornece algumas recomendações para formuladores de políticas públicas sobre o desenho de programas de promoção às exportações. O terceiro e último ensaio, intitulado A Coordenação de Redes de Promoção às Exportações para as Indústrias Criativas, examina por meio do uso do método do estudo de caso, as diferentes abordagens adotadas por três países bem-sucedidos no apoio à internacionalização de suas indústrias criativas, a partir da perspectiva interorganizacional, com foco na coordenação de redes. O estudo fornece evidências empíricas de como diferentes abordagens, da centralização da rede de promoção às exportações à descentralização dos esforços de promoção, e de uma coordenação mais frouxa até uma mais rigorosa, podem ser usadas para promover as exportações de empresas pertencentes às indústrias criativas. Os resultados também sugerem que cada contexto pode exigir uma abordagem diferente para a coordenação das atividades das Instituições de Apoio ao Comércio Exterior. O grau de desenvolvimento econômico de cada país, os recursos disponíveis, a maturidade da indústria, bem como, questões culturais, podem desempenhar seu papel na determinação da abordagem mais adequada para cada país e setor.<br>Foreign trade provides significant benefits to nations from both macroeconomic and microeconomic perspectives. From a macroeconomic point of view, exports allow the increasing of foreign exchange reserves and generate employment opportunities, consequently leading to improved living standards. From a microeconomic perspective, exports stimulate the development of competitive advantages, reducing idle production capacity, raising technological standards, powering profitability, intensifying return on investments, and enhancing firms financial stature. SMEs export performance is particularly of utmost importance since they are responsible for a significant portion of economic activities and could amplify substantially exports outcome at the aggregate level. However, export barriers and market failures tend to affect their capacity to access strategic resources necessary to guarantee a successful internationalization process. From a resource-based perspective, the inability of SMEs to successfully expand abroad due to their lack of sufficient internal resources, know-how, and information about foreign markets may be seen as a condition of market failure, therefore endorsing government s participation in export promotion initiatives. In accordance with this rationale and building on the existing knowledge, the aim of this thesis is to contribute to the investigation of export promotion services and systems in three essays. The first essay, entitled Export Promotion Services and Firm Export Barriers: Do These Literatures Interact?, – aims to thoroughly examine the two literatures, presenting their contributions, gaps, and recommendations for future studies. The second essay, entitled Export Promotion Initiatives in a Cluster, - approaches the long-term development of a Brazilian beachwear cluster, using the case method of investigation and focusing specifically on the attempts to develop exporting activities. Export promotion agents have tried to introduce new practices and attitudes toward cooperation among firms but failed to do so. The key issue, therefore, is to understand why the firms failed to cooperate, despite several initiatives and investments to promote collective actions. The paper advances some possible explanations, with implications to other Brazilian clusters. Finally, the conclusion advances some recommendations for public policymakers concerning the design of export promotion programs. The third and last essay, entitled The Coordination of Export Promotion Networks for the Creative Industries, examines through the use of the case method of investigation the different approaches adopted by three successful countries in supporting the internationalization of their creative industries, adopting an interorganizational perspective, focusing on network coordination. The study provides empirical evidence of how different approaches, from the centralization of an export promotion network to decentralization, and from loose coordination to tight, may be used to promote the exports of firms in the creative industries. The results also suggest that each context may require a different approach to the coordination of Trade Support Institutions activities. The degree of economic development of each country, the resources available, the maturity of the industry, as well as cultural issues, may play a role in determining which approach could be a better fit for each country and sector.

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Teh, Joanna J. P. K. "Export education services : effects on the Malaysian demand for Australian education services /." Title page, table of contents and introduction only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EC/09ect261.pdf.

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Grater, Sonja. "The development of an export opportunities model for South African services / S. Grater." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5559.

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The services sector has played an increasingly important role in international trade in recent years. The negotiations under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) in recent years have initiated a global drive to liberalise services trade. However, this liberalisation process holds many challenges, especially for developing countries that do not have an adequate regulatory system to sufficiently support and promote these new export sectors. The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) in South Africa recognised a need to undertake scientific research to identify the development and export potential of key services sectors. In the period from 2005 until 2009, the services sector contributed 65% on average to the GDP of South Africa. In 2010, 79% of the labour force in South Africa was employed in the services sector. However, services only contributed 19% to total exports from South Africa in the period from 2005 until 2009 (ITC, 2010a). The largest services export sectors for South Africa over the five–year period were travel (63%), transportation (11%), and business services (9%). This indicates that South Africa?s services exports are mostly concentrated in one sector, namely travel, and this clearly indicates the need for South Africa to diversify exports of services into other sectors. Export promotion is one of the methods that governments can use in order to stimulate the export growth of a country. Given the need to increase and diversify the exports of South African services, this study aimed to investigate the literature in order to establish possible guidelines for the export promotion of services specifically. Export promotion instruments should aim to identify potential export opportunities in order to allocate scarce government resources to the active promotion of the sectors with the highest export potential. In order to aid government with this process, Cuyvers, De Pelsmacker and Roozen (1995) developed a decision support model (DSM) that could determine potential export opportunities for products in Belgium by using a scientifically–based method. This model was adapted for South African products in 2007 and further refined in 2009 and 2010 for the DTI in South Africa. In all cases, the DSM analysis was only applied to products and the services sector was never taken into consideration owing to the data differences and the nature of services. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a similar model for the services sector in South Africa that could identify the sectors and countries with the highest potential for services export diversification. The results of such a model could also be incorporated into a services sector strategy for South Africa. Such a services strategy does not currently exist for South Africa and if the results of this model were incorporated into such a strategy, it would be the first of its kind. The study reviewed the methodology of the DSM for products and found that the methodology of the first two filters could be applied to the available services data in a similar manner. However, owing to the nature of services and the limited availability of data, the third and fourth filters had to be adapted to consider these differences. Therefore, a new model was developed to incorporate the nature of services, and the new model was named the export opportunities model (EOM) for services. A new methodology was developed for the third and fourth filters in the EOM for services. A new cell structure was also constructed to categorise the results of the EOM according to the specific market characteristics, which could be used in export promotion strategies to develop specific promotion instruments for each type of market. The results of the EOM for services on a geographical basis showed that the highest export opportunities for services in South Africa were in Eastern and South–Eastern Asia, followed by the European market. The results also identified specific sectors that have high export potential for South African services. The sectors with the highest export potential are travel, transportation, construction services, communications services and other business services. These results can be incorporated into a services sector export promotion strategy for the DTI in South Africa. The study also compared the results of the DSM for products with the results of the EOM for services, in order to establish guidelines on regional export opportunities for both products and services. The study found that the highest export opportunities were in the Asian and European regions. The DTI in South Africa could use these product/country combinations and services/country combinations to develop specific export promotion instruments and strategies for each region in the world.<br>Thesis (Ph.D. (International Trade))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

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Lejárraga, Iza, and Harald Oberhofer. "Performance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Services Trade: Evidence from French Firms." Springer Nature, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11187-015-9647-z.

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This paper empirically investigates the key firm- and industry-specific restrictions to the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in services trade. For this purpose, we use firm-level data from firms in France operating in different services sectors over the time period 1998 to 2007 and formulate two-part models consisting of (i) (dy namic) export equations and (ii) (dynamic) export share equations. Our results confirm the view that a relatively low share of SMEs engage in services trade. In line with the new-new trade theory, our results also corroborate that more productive SMEs have a higher export probability. The key finding of this paper is that the export decisions of SMEs in services sectors are estimated to be extremely persistent, implying that trade pol icy efforts, including the allocation of scarce trade promotion budgets, should be directed at addressing the barriers faced in establishing the first export operation. Finally, our sub-sectoral estimates reveal considerable heterogeneity across different types of services.

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Woldemichael, Martha Tesfaye. "Essays on international trade and export performance." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne‎ (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAD010.

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Certains pays se sont historiquement développés en s'ouvrant au commerce et en adoptant une stratégie de croissance tirée par les exportations manufacturières. Le commerce promeut l'allocation efficace des ressources suivant l'avantage comparatif, les importations favorisant les transferts technologiques et la croissance de la productivité, alors que les exportations jouent un rôle-clé en soutenant la balance des paiements et les efforts de mobilisation des recettes domestiques. En stimulant la croissance, le commerce offre la possibilité de réduire la pauvreté et d'améliorer les conditions de vie des populations. En se fondant sur le cas du Cambodge où l'industrie du textile et de l'habillement fournit la majorité des emplois manufacturiers et représente l'essentiel des exportations du pays, le Chapitre 2 montre que l'ouverture commerciale à travers les exportations manufacturières permet d'améliorer le bien-être des ménages. Nous utilisons la méthode d'appariement par score de propension pour montrer que le secteur textile améliore le bien-être des ménages faisant partie des 40 pourcent les plus pauvres en augmentant leur consommation, l'accumulation d'actifs et la part des enfants allant à l'école, ainsi qu'en réduisant l'insécurité alimentaire et l'incidence et l'ampleur de la pauvreté. L'application de la méthode des variables instrumentales indique également que les transferts de migrants travaillant dans le secteur textile permettent de relâcher la contrainte budgétaire des ménages récipiendaires et d'augmenter les dépenses d'éducation, de santé et les investissements agricoles propices à la hausse de la productivité. Le Chapitre 3 adopte une approche macroéconomique et explore les déterminants d'épisodes de croissance forte et soutenue des exportations. Il en ressort que la qualité des institutions appuyée par la stabilité macroéconomique, la dépréciation du taux de change, la diversification des exportations, la participation aux chaînes de valeur mondiales et les réformes agricoles orientées vers le marché sont sources d'accélérations des exportations. L'accroissement de la concurrence sur le marché des industries de réseau et la levée des restrictions aux mouvements de capitaux stimulent surtout les exportations de services, alors que les flux d'investissements directs étrangers favorisent les accélérations des exportations de biens. L'application de la méthode du contrôle synthétique aux cas illustratifs du Brésil et du Pérou révèle que les accélérations des exportations sont suivies par une croissance du PIB par tête réel et une baisse du chômage et des inégalités de revenu. Les résultats du chapitre indiquent une complémentarité entre les biens et les services et suggèrent que l'abaissement des barrières au commerce des services serait également favorable à celui des biens. Le Chapitre 4 quantifie une nouvelle source de barrières au commerce liée au temps de traitement des importations en douanes. L'imprévisibilité des délais d'attente liés au dédouanement des marchandises importées entache la fiabilité de la chaîne d'approvisionnement et affecte la performance à l'export des firmes importatrices de biens intermédiaires. En utilisant l'estimateur Poisson du pseudo maximum de vraisemblance, nous trouvons que l'incertitude liée aux délais de traitement en douanes des biens intermédiaires importés n'impacte ni le taux d'entrée, ni le taux de sortie des firmes manufacturières, mais se traduit par une réduction des taux de survie des nouveaux exportateurs. Cet effet s'avère hétérogène à travers les industries, croît avec le temps en raison de la dégradation de la réputation des exportateurs et semble tiré par le commerce Sud-Nord, sans doute parce que les acheteurs dans les pays développés sont plus sensibles au temps. Il est également atténué par les coûts irrécupérables d'entrée sur les marchés<br>Historical evidence shows that countries can successfully develop by opening up to trade and pursuing manufacturing export-led strategies. Trade promotes efficient allocation of resources according to comparative advantage, with imports acting as a vehicle for technology transfers and productivity growth while exports are key to relaxing balance-of-payments constraints and supporting domestic revenue mobilization efforts. By spurring growth, trade has the potential of alleviating poverty and delivering better livelihoods. Drawing on the case of Cambodia where the garment industry provides the bulk of manufacturing jobs and accounts for the lion's share of the export bundle, Chapter 2 provides micro evidence of the welfare-enhancing potential of trade openness through manufacturing exports. It relies on propensity score matching estimators to show that the textile and apparel sector enhances the welfare of households in the bottom 40 percent of the income distribution, boosting consumption, asset ownership and the proportion of children attending school, while curbing exposure to food insecurity and lowering the incidence and depth of poverty. Based on instrumental variables, we also show that remittances from the export-oriented garment industry relax household budget constraints, increasing expenditures in education, health and productivity-raising investments in agriculture. Chapter 3 adopts a macro approach to investigate the determinants of episodes of strong and sustained export growth. Institutional quality underpinned by macroeconomic stability, a depreciated exchange rate, export diversification, global value chain participation and market-oriented agricultural reforms show up as strong predictors of export takeoffs. Lowering barriers to competition in network industries and lifting capital movement restrictions mainly bolster services exports, while foreign direct investment inflows are conducive to goods export accelerations. Applying the synthetic control method to the illustrative cases of Brazil and Peru yields evidence of higher real GDP per capita and lower unemployment and income inequality in the years following the export surge. Our results point to significant complementarities between goods and services, and suggest that lowering barriers to trade in services is likely to support trade in goods. Chapter 4 quantifies a new source of domestic trade costs related to import processing times at the border that generate supply chain unreliability by exposing importing firms to unexpected delays in the provision of critical inputs, ultimately undermining their export performance. Using the Poisson-pseudo-maximum-likelihood estimator, we find that uncertainty in the time required to clear imported inputs through Customs impacts neither the entry nor the exit rate of manufacturing firms, but translates into lower survival rates for new exporters. This effect is heterogeneous across export industries, grows larger over time owing to rising reputational costs to input-importing exporters, and is mainly driven by South-North trade, possibly reflecting the time-sensitivity of buyers in developed countries. It is also attenuated by sunk costs of entry in foreign markets

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Bezchlebová, Martina. "Export a import zboží a služeb zemí EU v období let 2007 až 2011." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113595.

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Diploma thesis deals with the development of export and import of goods and services of EU in years 2001 - 2007. There is the summary of the course before the crisis in 2001-2007 described in this work. The crisis didn't start in all EU countries at the same time. Old member countries were mostly hit by the crisis earlier than new member countries. Current crisis has had big influence at the export and the import of goods and services of EU. Crisis showed us lack both in Eurozone and in EU too.

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Van, der Linde Dorothea Leedia. "Identifying the export trade barriers of the business services sector in South Africa / Dorothea Leedia van der Linde." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8445.

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A service can be traded either directly between a consumer and provider of the service or a service can serve as an input into the manufacturing of various products and other services that are traded. Trade in services has therefore become an essential part of global trade and contributes significantly to global, as well as South African economic growth, development and productivity. Service trade has furthermore been growing at a greater rate than trade in manufactured goods. The growth of services trade can be attributed to growth in goods trade, technological advances, rising per capita incomes, micro-economic reforms, as well as increased consumer and business demand, and technological change. According to the GATS’ (General Agreement on Trade in Services) services sectorial classification list, the service sector can be classified into twelve major categories and these sectors can further be divided into 160 sub-sectors. One of the sub-sectors that have been identified that has significant growth potential globally and for South Africa is the sub-sector, ‘other business’ services. This sub-sector falls under the sector, business services. Trade data revealed that this sub-sector is one of the top three traded service categories internationally, as well as for South Africa. For the purpose of this study the focus was specifically on ‘other business’ services provided by members of the BEPEC (Built Environmental Professional Export Council). The services performed by the members of the BEPEC are: consulting engineering, architectural, quantity surveying, and construction project managing services. These services are inputs into the manufacturing or construction of human creations such as buildings, structures, dams, roads etc. Trade barriers, however, hinder the free flow of services from the service provider to customers in other countries. This is no different for the providers of ‘other business’ services. Therefore in order to increase the competitiveness of South Africa’s ‘other business’ services sector internationally; the primary objective of this study was to identify the internal, as well as external barriers experienced by the exporters of ‘other business’ services. These internal and external barriers were identified by means of a questionnaire that the members of the BEPEC, who are exporters of ‘other business’ services, completed. Once these barriers were identified recommendations were made to the South African government. The most significant internal barriers were found to be: • lack of information about foreign markets; • lack of information on how to enter these foreign markets; • lack of personnel who are experienced in export activities; • scarcity of internal financial resources for export purposes and export promotion. • The most significant external barriers were found to be: • exchange rate risk and the risk of non-payment; • corruption and bribery; • risks involved with political instability in a country; • restrictions on immigration provisions such as delay in obtaining entry visas, residency or work permits; • poor infrastructure; • foreign government procurement policies; • distance to the target market. All of the identified barriers can mostly be addressed by the South African government by providing training, the provision of market related information, and trade negotiations.<br>Thesis (MCom (International Trade))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

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Gahleitner, Hans-Peter. "Enhancing the distribution of Swedish tourism services on international markets : Possible export-ready criteria requisitioned by European tour operators." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Företagsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-5930.

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This paper identifies subjects which are relevant for Swedish suppliers of tourism services beforeapproaching foreign markets. Most suppliers are micro, small or medium sized companies anduse intermediaries, such as tour operators, for internationalization. The research considers theopinion of British and German tour operators, which require some criteria beforehand in orderto simplify both the initialization and the development of cooperation. Destination marketingorganizations (DMOs) are hereby the go-betweens since they not only represent small-scalesuppliers on international markets, but also initiate first encounters between suppliers and touroperators. Suppliers need to provide DMOs with accurate information in order to ensure thebest possible representation. After initializing collaboration, business relationships are sought todevelop in order to facilitate long-term cooperation. Proper preparation forms therefore the basefor strengthening the competitiveness of Swedish tourism prior approaching internationalmarkets. The enhancement of distributing Swedish tourism services on foreign markets appearedto be a profitable way to enable further growth, which is strongly limited on the domestic market.Increasing the export share therefore secures and further facilitates tourism’s valuablecontributions to the Swedish economy.

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Mullings, Beverley. "Industrial development in an era of structural adjustment : the growth of export informatic services in Jamaica." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42104.

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Based on a case study of the export informatic$ sp1$ services industry, this dissertation examines the prospects for industrial development in Jamaica in the twenty first century. It contends that the island's current strategy of neo-liberal industrial restructuring will not bring about sustained development because it embodies macro-economic reforms that are incompatible with local, cultural and structural realities. Under structural adjustment, Jamaica has embarked upon policies that have been short-term in vision, un-coordinated and subject to the demands of local and global hegemonic groups. These policies have limited the expansion of this export sector and has encouraged forms of work organisation that are deeply exploitative of labour. In the case of the informatics sector, the pressure to satisfy IMF and World Bank macro-economic restructuring requirements, together with, inadequate finance and marketing support, and technical labour, has limited the potential of the sector to become a growth catalyst. Instead of becoming an industry that provides foreign exchange earnings, jobs and technical skills, informatics in Jamaica remains low in value added content, and reliant on sweated, female, low cost labour. The current organisation of work is particularly exploitative of women and their households who provide them with support. The strain that workers and their households sustain creates a vicious cycle, because as workers find ways to resist their employers demands, the industry loses its ability to compete globally. This dissertation concludes that the future of the industry will depend on the extent to which the industry is able to: provide local and foreign firms with equal opportunities to compete in global markets; develop higher value-added services and provide workers with better opportunities for personal and occupational development. I argue that improving the skills and knowledge base of the industry's labour force represents a first step in thi

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Mullings, Beverley Annette. "Industrial development in an era of structural adjustment, the growth of export informatic services in Jamaica." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ30346.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Export services"

1

Bhattacharya, Rudrani. Export versus FDI in services. National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, 2011.

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1943-, Gray R., ed. Purchasing international freight services. Gower, 1985.

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Thacker-Morgan, Beverly. Helping Oregon export: Export assistance services offered by the U.S. government. Oregon Economic Development, International Trade Division, 1990.

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Foster, Carol M. A. The export of services from Developing Countries. University College Dublin, 1989.

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Great Britain. Export Credits Guarantee Department. ECGD services: The services of the British Government's Export Credits Guarantee Department- export credit insurance, overseas investment insurance, support for export finance. HMSO, 1986.

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Services, Great Britain Overseas Trade. A guide to selling services to North America. Department of Trade and Industry, 1998.

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Council, US-China Business. US-China business services directory. US-China Business Council, 1989.

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Agarwal, S. P. Consultancy services in India: Perspectives and export prospects. Bookwell, 2005.

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Beyers, William B. The service economy: Export of services in the central Puget Sound Region. Central Puget Sound Economic Development District, 1985.

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Canada. Dept. of External Affairs. Developing export markets - The IFI approach: Consulting services. External Affairs Canada, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Export services"

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Gibson, Alan, and Leon Tomesen. "19. AMKA, Tanzania: Export marketing development services." In Business Development Services. Practical Action Publishing, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780442808.019.

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Prilla, Michael, Ute Reuter, Michael Schermann, et al. "Preparing for Service Export: The Case of M-GAMMA." In Implementing International Services. Gabler Verlag, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-6445-8_13.

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Daniels, Peter W. "From Global to Local: Export of Services or Servicing Exports?" In Dienstleistungen — Innovation für Wachstum und Beschäftigung. Gabler Verlag, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-86913-5_10.

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Seyoum, Belay. "Import Regulations, Trade Intermediaries, and Services." In Export–Import Theory, Practices, and Procedures, 4th ed. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003020509-24.

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Klappe, Ben, and Mark Keunen. "Case: Non-compliance at Fokker Services." In NL ARMS. T.M.C. Asser Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-471-6_4.

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AbstractFrom late 2005 through to late 2010, Fokker Services BV (FSBV) failed to comply with the economic sanctions the United States (US) Government had established against Iran and Sudan. By scanning the case, violations by FSBV came to light in a structured way, laying bare how FSBV operated to evade export control, breaching sanctions regimes and export control laws. Next, analysis stipulated that the cause and conditions of the violation of the export control regulations were mainly rooted in the tone at the top, the role of (intermediary) management and the absence of a Compliance Program. Subsequently, a short-term and a long-term response were formulated addressing the tone at the top, the development of an Internal Compliance Program, and the application of soft controls to promote an ethical culture.

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McKean, Cressida S. "7. Review of export development services for small firms." In Micro- and Small Enterprises in Latin America. Practical Action Publishing, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780440842.007.

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Berardi, Daniela, Diego Calvanese, Giuseppe De Giacomo, Maurizio Lenzerini, and Massimo Mecella. "Automatic Composition of E-services That Export Their Behavior." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24593-3_4.

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Türkalp, Semra, and Bastiaan Dekkers. "Case: Sharing Parts and Services Among NATO Members." In NL ARMS. T.M.C. Asser Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-471-6_10.

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AbstractNATO’s goals require close cooperation of Member States on operational readiness, interoperability of their systems, material supplies, transfer of technology and joint R&D projects. A common approach on the application and implementation of arms export controls, however, is largely lacking. This chapter questions the absence of application and implementation of arms export controls in the context of the material logistical support and services provided by the NATO Support and Procurement Agency (NSPA). Three root causes of deviant behaviour of the Member States with the arms export controls are identified and analysed: (1) fragmentation of the arms export control laws and regulations; (2) a lack of leadership commitment and organisational culture of compliance; and (3) a combination of external and internal pressures leads to a forced prioritization of operational readiness above compliance. Next, a response is formulated to effectively counter deviant behaviour such as non-compliance with arms export controls by implementing a mixture of soft and hard controls. We advise the NSPA to create a culture of compliance within the NATO Partnership Program’s community based on ethical values and virtues. This requires social consensus, leadership commitment and a common agreement on and formalization of the basic rules of export control.

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Sbrana, Roberto, and Monica Siena Tangheroni. "Italian Exporting SMFs and Their Use of Support Services." In Export Development and Promotion: The Role of Public Organizations. Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4030-4_7.

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Kox, Henk L. M. "Export Decisions of Services Firms Between Agglomeration Effects and Market-Entry Costs." In Service Industries and Regions. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35801-2_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Export services"

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Batenko, Agnese, and Inguna Jurgelane-Kaldava. "Latvian information technology companies’ export promotion to the US." In 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.53.017.

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Information technology is one of the fastest growing service export industries in the world. According to information collected by LIAA (Information and Communications ..., 2018), in 2017, 40 % of Latvian information technology companies exported to the Baltic States. In 2017, the United States (further – US) was the ninth largest export partner and the 18 th largest import partner of Latvia. The US is the world’s largest software and information technology services provider, accounting for ¾ of the total global IT market. Latvian information technology companies have an interest in an information technology service exports to the US; however, currently IT companies mostly choose not to conduct market research and export strategy development. Consequently, it is necessary to evaluate the export potential of Latvian information technology services and to determine the export promotion activities of Latvian information technology services to the US. So far, there are no analysis of the Latvian IT export promotion to US that would be based on company’s needs, experience and resources available. The results of the research concluded that the export tendencies of IT services are upward and the export balance of Latvian IT services with the US is positive.

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Shenglan Huang and Yunfei Chen. "FDI in services and China's service export sophistication." In 2014 11th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2014.6874085.

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Grizane, Tamara, Inguna Jurgelane, Liga Jankova, and Aija Sannikova. "Opportunities for Latvian export of medical services." In Research for Rural Development, 2018. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.24.2018.071.

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Hong, Yu, Yumeng Yang, Kexuan Yu, and Aijing Hu*. "India’s Protectionism in Its Services Exports—Evidence from the Changing Services Export Promotion Indicator During 1980–2018." In Proceedings of the 2019 3rd International Conference on Education, Economics and Management Research (ICEEMR 2019). Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.191221.074.

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Shuli, Wang, and Qiu Minrong. "Quality of Services and Export Behavior of Enterprises." In the 2017 International Conference. ACM Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3034950.3034952.

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"ADAPTATIVE MATCHING OF DATABASE WEB SERVICES EXPORT SCHEMAS." In 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001706900490056.

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Karn, Arodh Lal, and Rakshha Kumari Karna. "Supply line engineering on importation and exportation: bimstec perspective." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.016.

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Purpose – the purpose of this paper is to investigate whether supply line engineering strategies of goods and service exports, exports transport services and export time have a significant impact on GDP growth of BIMSTEC countries or not. Research methodology – the study employed a panel vector error correction model (VECM) instead of loose VAR to examine the short and long-run relationship among the selected indicators and GDP growth. Findings – in the long-run, the time of export negatively and suggestively associate with GDP. Conversely, VECM based Granger causality test signposted that in short-run only unidirectional causality running from goods and service exports (GSE), trade duration like exports time (ET) toward GDP and for the rest of the variables no causality found. Research limitations – this study is contextualized only on Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Practical implications – to investigate the current position of the link between supply line logistics strategies and economic growth by using annual data for the period of 1980 to 2014 and possible weaknesses and logistics presence. Originality/Value – this paper is an attempt, first of its kind, to fill up this shortfall, to estimate the relationship of exports transport services, exports time, and goods and services exports with GDP growth of BIMSTEC countries.

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Ahundova, S. A. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE KHABAROVSK REGION PROJECT “SERVICE EXPORT”: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS." In New forms of production and entrepreneurship in the coordinates of neo-industrial development of the economy. PD of KSUEL, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38161/978-5-7823-0731-8-2020-099-104.

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The article is devoted to the realization of the regional project Export of Services in the Khabarovsk Krai. In 2019, within the framework of the national project International Cooperation and Export, passports of three of the five regional components of federal projects, including the regional project Export of Services, were formed and approved in the Khabarovsk region. Although the project defines key indicators, including the removal of key administrative barriers, the implementation of a set of measures aimed at increasing the volume of exports of services, the introduction of the regional export standard 2.0, there is a risk of failure of key indicators for a number of reasons.

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Frolova, Natalya. "Export Of Educational Services Under Conditions Of Changing Reality." In International Scientific and Practical Conference Education in a Changing World: Global Challenges and National Priorities. European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.07.02.78.

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Ata, Sezai. "Turkey’s Export Potential: A Gravity Model Analysis." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00389.

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Given the high level of integration of the world economy, foreign trade has become very important for the development of a country. Even though Turkey exports goods and services to the majority of countries in each continent, until recently Turkey has basically focused on exports to developed European countries. The main purpose of this study is to analyze Turkey's export potential with the help of the gravity model. For this purpose, first a gravity model has been set up using panel data which consists of bilateral data for 68 countries for the period 1980-2009, and then Turkey’s exports potential to 67 countries, accounting for more than 90 percent of Turkey’s total exports, has been calculated. The most important finding of the study is that Turkey’s exports in general is below potential and there is a further room for increasing exports. In this context, according to our analysis, while Turkey’s export potential has been used up especially for developed European countries, high levels of untapped export potential exists for the majority of neighboring countries and for some of the developing countries. Another finding from this study is that trade between two countries increases proportional to their GDPs and decreases proportional to the distance between them. While the existence of features such as common language, contiguity, being parts of the same state in the past and using the same currency increases the trade between two countries, the effect of some variables on trade such as the real exchange rate depends on countries' level of development.

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Reports on the topic "Export services"

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Claise, B., ed. Cisco Systems NetFlow Services Export Version 9. RFC Editor, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3954.

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Crosby, Daniel. Advancing Services Export Interests of Least-Developed Countries. International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/co_ip_20090709a.

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Pamuk, Haki, and Fedes van Rijn. ITC’s contribution to export competitiveness : Verification of intervention logic in the Information Technology & Services Sector in Bangladesh: final report July 2018. Wageningen Economic Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/455628.

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Nielsen, D., and R. B. Christensen. Response to Senate Armed Services Committee Request for Information on the National Security Implications of Decontrolling Export to Tier III Countries of High Performance Computers Between 2,000 and 40,000 MTOPS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/792565.

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Rose, Andrew. The Foreign Service and Foreign Trade: Embassies as Export Promotion. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11111.

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Trachtenberg, Danielle. The Impact of Policy Measures on Trade in Services in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003355.

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This paper uses data on policy measures affecting services operation and trade to document and estimate the impact of different types of policy measures on services exports and imports, with a focus on Latin America and the Caribbean. It finds that market-entry measures are important to both total services exports and imports in the region and bilateral trade flows with the United States, while measures relating to the operation of service providers are important for bilateral trade flows with the United States.

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García-García, Jorge, David C. López-Valenzuela, and Enrique Montes-Uribe. Porqué Colombia no exporta más. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1139.

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Este trabajo explica cómo los costos de comerciar (protección y otros costos) desestimulan las exportaciones manufactureras y por qué Colombia exporta mayoritariamente productos primarios. Para esto, además de una revisión de literatura y una descripción del desempeño exportador colombiano, se presenta una metodología que mide la protección total causada por el arancel y las medidas no arancelarias (MNA) y que permite generar una serie de la protección verdadera para el período 1950-2019. Los resultados muestran que el país no ha explotado su potencial exportador de manufacturas porque los incentivos para hacerlo han sido magros, un resultado de la alta protección a la producción local, de una infraestructura escasa y de unos servicios logísticos costosos.

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Lozano, Alejandra, Sarah Jameson, Sylvain Aubry, and Magdalena Sepúlveda. ESC rights: PUSHING THE FRONTIERS #1 | Women and public services#1 | Women and public services. The Global initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53110/xgvo5950.

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This briefing paper aims to explore the role of public services in the transformation of asymmetrical power relations between women and men. Released on International Women’s Day, the brief argues that public services can play a decisive role in this transformation, by fostering a critical examination of gender roles, redistributing resources and opportunities and strengthening positive social practices that enhance gender equality. It puts forward five key elements for a gender-transformative approach to the management, delivery, funding and ownership of public services

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Bakhtiar, M. Mehrab, Abu Sonchoy, Muhammad Meki, and Simon Quinn. Virtual Migration through Online Freelancing: Evidence from Bangladesh. Digital Pathways at Oxford, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-dp-wp_2021/03.

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Youth unemployment is a major issue in many developing countries, particularly in locations not well connected with large urban markets. A limited number of available job opportunities in urban centres may reduce the benefit of policies that encourage rural–urban migration. In this project, we investigated the feasibility of ‘virtual migration’, by training rural youth in Bangladesh to become online freelancers, enabling them to export their labour services to a global online marketplace. We did this by setting up a ‘freelancing incubator’, which provided the necessary workspace and infrastructure – specifically, high-speed internet connectivity and computers. Close mentoring was also provided to participants to assist in navigating the competitive online marketplace. We show the exciting potential of online work for improving the incomes of poor youth in developing countries. We also highlight the constraints to this type of work: financing constraints for the high training cost, access to the necessary work infrastructure, and soft skills requirements to succeed in the market. We also shed light on some promising possibilities for innovative financial contracts and for ‘freelancing incubators’ or ‘virtual exporting companies’ to assist students in their sourcing of work and skills development.

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Tvaryanas, Anthony P. Let's Explore Health Services Delivery with Rams or A Vision for an Air Force Medical Home Concept of Operations. Defense Technical Information Center, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada608813.

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