Academic literature on the topic 'Exports – South Africa – East London'
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Journal articles on the topic "Exports – South Africa – East London"
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Forrest, Craig J. S., and John Gribble. "The Illicit Movement of Underwater Cultural Heritage: The Case of the Dodington Coins." International Journal of Cultural Property 11, no. 2 (January 2002): 267–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739102771439.
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In October 1997 the Times of London announced the sale by auction of fourteen hundred gold coins that formed part of the hoard lost by Clive of India when the East Indiaman Dodington was wrecked in Algoa Bay on July 17, 1755. The wreck and its contents lie within South African territorial waters and are protected by South African heritage legislation. Very little gold has ever been reported recovered, despite ongoing excavations, and only a single permit has been issued for the export and sale of twenty–one gold coins. This article will consider the legal steps taken to repatriate the coins, and the difficulties encountered when taking such steps before a foreign court. It evaluates the extent to which existing international conventions, including the recently adopted UNESCO Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage, are able to assist states in repatriating stolen or illegally exported underwater cultural heritage.
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Emeka, Osuji. "Intra-African Trade, Macroeconomic Conditions and Competitiveness in Africa." Studies in Business and Economics 15, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 171–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2020-0014.
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AbstractMore than ever before, trade and regional integration have become two important arguments in the development equation of most modern states and, probably, explains the current rise in regional integration around the world. However, regional integration will not produce optimal benefits in the absence of favourable macroeconomic conditions and substantial internal trade among the integrating members. This paper employs descriptive statistics and econometric techniques to analyze the competitiveness of the continent by studying the impact of relevant intra-African trade indices on the competitiveness of Africa, based on a panel dataset spanning 2000 to 2016. The results show considerable variations in both inter- and intra-regional trade performance and competitiveness among African regional groupings and nations. Intra-African trade, especially in exports, over the study period, was consistently low. While the South Africa region had the highest intra-regional trade in imports, East Africa region had the highest level of inter-regional imports. West Africa, with Nigeria’s dominance, had the highest level of intra-regional exports, while South Africa had the highest inter-regional exports at country level. For the Regional Economic Communities (RECs), SADC reported the highest intra-African import trades, while SACU reported the highest inter-regional imports. SADC has the highest intra-African exports, while COMESA has the highest inter-regional exports. African Competitiveness Index (ACI) ranking puts the East Africa Region on top, and South Africa as the most competitive African economy. Using panel data covering 2012 to 2016 for 20 African economies, ACI was regressed on a 7-variable model, including intra-regional imports and exports, inflation rate, nominal exchange rate, gross capital formation, and the growth rate of GDP. The results were mixed but plausible. All the variables were correctly signed and significant in different regions, reflecting the huge structural and policy disparities among the regions. Continued transformation of African economies with emphasis on both physical and financial infrastructure, and human capital development will enhance intra-African trade and regional competitiveness.
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VALLABH, DINESH, and DIMITRI TASSIOPOULOS. "CUSTOMER PERCEPTIONS OF THE DINING MARKET OF EAST LONDON, SOUTH AFRICA." International Journal of Management Cases 10, no. 3 (January 1, 2008): 201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5848/apbj.2008.00040.
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Bwalya, John, and Cecil Seethal. "Neighbourhood context and social cohesion in Southernwood, East London, South Africa." Urban Studies 53, no. 1 (December 9, 2014): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098014560502.
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Vallabh, Dinesh, and Dimitri Tassiopoulos. "Customer perceptions of the dining market of East London, South Africa." International Journal of Business and Globalisation 3, no. 4 (2009): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbg.2009.024612.
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VALLABH, DINESH. "AN EXPLORATORY STUDY BASED ON RELIGIOUS TOURISM IN EAST LONDON, SOUTH AFRICA." International Journal of Management Cases 12, no. 2 (January 1, 2010): 672–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5848/apbj.2010.00103.
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Bwalya, John, and Cecil Seethal. "Spatial Integration in Residential Suburbs of East London, South Africa (1993–2008)." Journal of Asian and African Studies 50, no. 6 (June 10, 2014): 637–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909614535567.
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Mario, Muhammad Indra. "UPAYA PENINGKATAN EKSPOR NON MIGAS JAWA TIMUR PERIODE 2010-2011." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis 21, no. 1 (November 1, 2016): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/jeb.v21i1.1635.
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This study aims to determine the measures that can be done to increase non-oil exports of East Java 2010-2011 period, either through the creation of a variety of export products and expand export destinations, particularly to the Middle East and Africa. Some non-oil export commodities is a mainstay of East Java is copper, organic chemicals, paper / carbon, plywood, shrimp, textiles, footwear, coffee, paper, and tobacco. Non-oil export development strategy of East Java is based on the SWOT analysis, which is preparing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The existence of the Tanjung Perak Surabaya and Sidoarjo Juanda Airport is the main force to boost exports, as well as the export share has exceeded 200 export destinations with 3000 items. Further basic weaknesses which are not memilii ISO and eco labeling, as well as the human resources that are less qualifid. Non-oil exports to the East Java there are still considerable opportunities for increased, including exhibitions abroad funded the Central Government and the Provincial Government of East Java, including education and training activities and free export periodically organized by the Department of Industry and Trade East Java Province. Threats faced by exporters in East Java is the competition in the international market is getting tougher and other rules are getting heavier. Based on the SWOT analysis, the strategy can be used to improve the non-oil export in East Java is to optimize the market potential that exists in other provinces, such as the province of South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, South Sulawesi, East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara, and South Sumatra. Furthermore, actively pursue international exhibitions, both in Jakarta, as well as other countries. Another strategy is to create efficienc, effectiveness, and productivity in the production process in order to compete in the international market.
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Hoppe-Speer, Sabine CL, Janine B. Adams, and Anusha Rajkaran. "Mangrove expansion and population structure at a planted site, East London, South Africa." Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science 77, no. 2 (January 7, 2015): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/20702620.2014.1001622.
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Nel, Etienne L., and Christian M. Rogerson. "The application of local economic development in East London, South Africa, 1927–1955." Urban Forum 7, no. 1 (March 1996): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03036847.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Exports – South Africa – East London"
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Inggs, Eric Jonathan. "Liverpool of the Cape: Port Elizabeth harbour development 1820-70." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004646.
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From the abstract: Fairy tales aside this study is an analysis of Port Elizabeth harbour development during its first half century from 1820-70. Despite the fact that Port Elizabeth quickly came to dominate Cape trade very little was actually done to improve its port facilities. Superficially the impression one gains from the available material is that everything was done by government not to develop a harbour at Algoa Bay. But the real question is: was harbour development really necessary at Port Elizabeth during the period under consideration? The answer must be no. The lack of facilities certainly did not hinder the massive expansion of wool exports that took place before 1870.
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Ladokun, Ayodele Olanrewaju. "Geographies of juvenile crime: a study of crime in selected high schools in East London, South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/345.
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Youth crime has been and still is a social problem in South Africa. It is a problem that shakes the very fabric of the society. The problem with the youth in modern society is both a national concern and an important subject for academic study. High school environments are where youths converge for learning purposes, but they have also turned to hotspots for crime. Different theories on explanations for high school crime have been developed over time. This particular study, conducted in 2008, adopts the criminal opportunity theory to study the social, economic and the demographic characteristics of selected environments in which high schools are located to determine significant factors that are conducive for high schools to be crime hotspots. Three schools were selected in different neighbourhoods in East London for the study. The study used an intensive case design technique to conduct the research. Different characteristics of the communities in which the schools that were studied were located showed different crime pattern. The Law enforcement agencies also realize these differences and they try to address crime issues in various communities in the study areas individually
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Burns, Michael Edmund Reid. "A synecological study of the East London coast dune forests." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006134.
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Quantitative community descriptions, based on point quarter sample data, are made for a number of dune forest units along the East London coast. These are supported by multivariate classifications and ordinations which illustrate the inter community variation between the sampled seaward, landward and dune valley sites. Climax valley forest is floristically most characteristic and can be clearly distinguished from the seaward and landward thicket communities which tend to show a degree of similarity. Within-forest community differences are shown to be more significant than variation along the coast. This appears to indicate that climoedaphic gradients established laterally to the coast induce a greater floristic response than the rainfall gradient within the study area. The state of developnent within the dune soil profile and the rate and effect of salt spray deposition are considered to be important factors influencing dune forest succession and are discussed in some detail. An overview of certain other climatic variables as well as the geological features within the study area is also given. A phenology study of the dune forest, scrub-thicket and strand plant cornnunities shows some general patterns of flowering and fruiting phenorhythms. Although much variation was observed, there appears to be a bimodal hyperactive phenophase response which is thought to be related to rainfall or periods of favourable soil moisture conditions. A brief discussion of some of the positive and negative human influences on the coastline is given. This includes a description of the management activities carried out in the area as well as the demands placed on ·the coastal resource.
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Satyi, Nosisi Kaya. "An investigation of local economic development and income security in the Eastern Cape : the case of Amathole District Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020130.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the Local Economic Development Projects (LED) in relation to Income Security. It can be argued that LED is one intervention, which can be used to create jobs and eradicate poverty at a given locality. LED has been regarded as an approach towards economic development and growth whereby local people are encouraged to work in collaboration in order to achieve sustainable economic growth, bringing economic benefits and improved quality of life for all community members in in a specific municipal area.
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Amner, Roderick John. "Deliberating the Dialogues: a critical examination of the nature and purpose of a Daily Dispatch public journalism project." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002870.
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This thesis critically examines the nature and purpose of a series of four town-hall-like meetings, the Community Dialogues, held in the townships and suburbs of East London, South Africa, in 2009. They were undertaken by a mainstream, commercial newspaper, the Daily Dispatch, under the banner of the worldwide public journalism movement. Following Christians et al (2009), the thesis sets out a normative framework of media performance in a democracy, including a detailed and critical normative theory of the ‘facilitative role’ proposed and developed by Haas (2007), one of the public journalism movement’s key advocate-theorists. It also draws on a variety of theoretical frameworks and perspectives in the fields of Political Studies and Media Studies to provide an analytical overview of the complex matrix of political and media contexts – at the macro (global), meso (national) and micro (local) levels – that have helped give impetus to the Community Dialogues and also shaped their ongoing operation as a public journalism strategy in the South African context. Following a critical realist case study design, the thesis goes on to provide a narrative account of the Dialogues based on in-depth interviews exploring the motivations, self-understandings and perceptions of those journalists who originated, directed and participated in this project, as well as observation of a Community Dialogue, and an examination of some of the journalistic texts related to the Dialogues. This primary data is then critically evaluated against normative theories of press performance, especially Haas’s ‘public philosophy’ of public journalism. The thesis found that apart from their undoubted success in generating a more comprehensive and representative news agenda for the newspaper, the Dialogues often fell short of Habermas’s (1989) proceduralist-discursive notion of the ‘deliberating public’, which sees citizens share a commitment to engage in common deliberation and public problem solving. This can be attributed to a number of problems, including some important theoretical/conceptual weaknesses in the Community Dialogues’ project design, the relative immaturity of the project, the domination of civil society by political society in the South African political context, and a number of organisational constraints at the Daily Dispatch. On the other hand, the newspaper’s editorial leadership has shown clear commitment to the idea of expanding the project in the future, establishing a more a more structured programme of community engagement, and nurturing a more sustainable public sphere, including the building of a more dialectical relationship between the Dialogues and civil society.
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Tankard, Keith Peter Tempest. "The development of East London through four decades of municipal control, 1873-1914." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002413.
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This thesis is a study in Urban History which explores the development of East London, a port in the Border region of the Eastern Cape, South Africa, through four decades of municipal control from 1873 to 1914. The town had been established in 1847 as a supply route for the British forces during the War of the Axe (7th Frontier War) but the frontier nature of the port led to economic and physical stagnation during its initial 25 years of existence. Indeed, by the time that the municipality was established in 1873, there were still no streets beyond cart tracks, no established water supply, and sanitary conditions were medieval. The Town Council therefore had much to occupy its attention but lack of positive leadership resulted in failure to capitalise on prosperous economic conditions, while a depression in the 1880's led to a further truncation of growth. It was only in the 1890's that a combination of economic growth and vibrant leadership brought about rapid civic advance, with large-scale expenditure on street construction, as well as the establishment of electricity and a tramway system. The outbreak of the Anglo-Boer War in 1899 slowed progress, however, and a post-war depression placed renewed stress on the municipality. The thesis examines the progress of the town on a broad front, dealing with the issues of economic fluctuations, the growth of the harbour as the heart of the trading sector, the physical advance of the municipality, the search for a viable water supply, the evolution of public health and sanitation, and the establishment of the port as a coastal resort. In addition, it studies the conflict of social attitudes among the townspeople, the evolution of racial segregation, and the effects of the Anglo-Boer War on the town, with the influx of some 5 000 Uitlander refugees and the establishment of a Boer concentration camp. A final chapter attempts an analysis of the reasons behind the Town Council's inability to make the best use of its opportunities to foster the development of East London.
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Bhe, Ntomboxolo Grace. "Land restitution policy in old West Bank location, East London." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14620.
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This thesis summarises research on the implementation of land restitution policy in the old West Bank Location, in East London. Apartheid legislation dispossessed many Black people of their land. After 1994, the new democratic government implemented a land reform programme, land policy was reviewed, and people were compensated for the loss of land either financially or through restoration of their land. The original cut-off date for claims was 1998, but the window for claims was reopened in July 2014 because of difficulties in implementation. The period for the lodging of claims was extended to end June 2019 to allow people who had not yet been able to do so to participate in the process. In case of the old West Bank Location claims, compensation was in the form of land restoration, including houses which would be built for the claimants. This study documents the successes and challenges encountered in the implementation of land policy in the old West Bank Location. Triangulation of methods was used: data were collected from documents, interviews with claimants, interviews with government officials, and observation of meetings. Recommendations with regard to land policy are made on the basis of the research findings.
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Ntakana, Khululekani. "Urban resilience determinants with specific reference to the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, East London." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19495.
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The year 1994 marked the dawn of the new democratic South Africa, bringing its own set of challenges to the country. Currently urban areas cover only one and a half percent of South Africa’s surface area. However, sixty one percent of South Africans live in urban areas. Furthermore, the average growth rate for urban areas has been consistently higher than the population growth rate during the period from 1998 to 2008. This resulted in larger towns and cities, growing at the expense of rural areas, with metropolitan areas experiencing the highest influx, followed by secondary cities. However, urban areas consume more water, food, energy, and durable goods, and have an impact far beyond the urban boundaries. This directly relates to urban decline. The rapid influx of people into urban areas that are already overcrowded with large service delivery backlogs, has led to the formation of informal settlements in exposed locations. Many of the informal dwellings in South Africa are subjected to environmental factors. The absence of basic services in overcrowded areas is linked to negative health outcomes and enhanced environmental degradation. This study is a critical review of a phenomenon named urban resilience. The report seeks to highlight the current status in cities and the transformation that cities need to undergo to enable them to become the cities of tomorrow. Indeed, “sustainable future cities and human settlements begin today”. The paper raises arguments on urban resilience by different theorists, philosophers, academics and scholars. The study proceeds to unpack the urban resilience determinants. Furthermore, the challenges cites will experience in responding to rapid urbanisation and their denial attitude to informal settlement and environmental degradation, which include how cities respond to climate change, are under investigation . The purpose of the study is to share the theoretical framework relative to the urban resilience determinants, with the intention to solicit criticism on gaps and blind spots. This is done with specific reference to Buffalo City Municipality. This study aims to contribute to the goals of municipalities by improving understanding of the drivers of urban resilience. This will, in turn, enable a city system to withstand and recover quickly from multiple and diverse shocks and stresses, and improve its performance over time. However, this study was conducted within a qualitative paradigm. The study followed a non-probability sampling technique. Categories of data sources were identified based on their probability to hold information that is crucial to the study. For each category, this study followed a 50 + 1 rule for sampling size when the population of the data sources were identified and access gained. he statistical software (SPSS) supported by a qualified statistician was used to analyse data qualitatively in attempt to answer the research question.
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Ntsunguzi, Carol Ntombemhlophe. "Assessing relationship management in Meeg bank in East London." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1147.
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Quality of service becomes the main avenue that could be used to gain sustainable competitive advantage. This is due to the fact that the environment within which organisations operate continues to change with respect to customer expectations. The financial sector, in particular the banking industry is not left behind and players in this industry also strive to “up their game” in the competitive market-place. It has become increasingly important for organisations to find ways, not only to reach the top, but to maintain on-going long-term relationship with their customers. This can result in long-term benefits, both for the organisation (by improving marketing productivity) and for the customer (by delivering better quality products). This paper assesses the perception the Business clients/ customers within a business banking environment have about relationship management by Meeg bank in East London branch town of Eastern Cape. A literature survey was undertaken into the importance of Customer Relationship by bank. Questionnaires were sent to all employees of the business clients for their views on Customer Relationship Management (CRM). The result the show importance of the commitment of all employees’ especially senior management is essential for the success of CRM efforts in improving the quality of service offered by an organisation. The research also confirmed the importance of having wide range of options in form of products offered. This will not only benefit the bank in terms of higher profits, but will give the bank the competitive advantage in the market place.
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Makhanya, Leroy Ayanda. "Livelihood strategies and service delivery in informal settlements in Buffalo City Municipality since 1994." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011854.
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Service delivery and livelihood strategies in informal settlements‟ have been below par as communities find it hard to maintain a suitable standard of living. The provision of basic services, also social and economic upliftment initiatives to the community are very important in transforming Duncan Village: C-Section into a sustainable human settlement. The study analyses the level of service delivery and livelihoods, in-order to meet the required level of service delivery needed to meet the needs of the people in C-Section. Municipal plan(s) such as the Duncan Village Redevelopment Initiative have been adopted by the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality with the relevant government, private and public stakeholders onboard. The study involved qualitative and qualitative research methods with interviews, plans and policies being used to investigate the key aims and objectives. The lack of funding and the right number of staff (officials) has had implication on the efficient delivery of services, with the density and the terrain of the study also adding on the challenges facing the delivery of infrastructural service. Inward migration has also had a negative impact on service deliver efforts and this problem needs to be addressed by implementing better regional planning. Data collected also highlights a low literacy level within the community which limits peoples‟ participation and access economic activities which adversely affects their livelihoods. The study suggests that for better service delivery there needs to be better constructed business plans to sort out funding for projects for the area and the municipality has to also invest in the number of official needed to improve or better service delivery. An all round strategy needs to be adopted to improve all facets of life for the people in the study and the settlement as a whole with an aim of livelihood improvements.
Books on the topic "Exports – South Africa – East London"
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Musiker, Naomi. Calendar of the C.P. Crewe papers. Johannesburg: Library, University of the Witwatersrand, 1986.
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Robertson, R. J. D. The small beginning: The story of North End Presbyterian Church, East London, 1962-1970. Cape Town: [s.n.], 1997.
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Communist Party of Great Britain. Statements on international situations and campaigns: 70th anniversary of the October Socialist Revolution - Gulf War and Middle East - Nicaragua - Chile - South Africa - Cyprus. [s.l.]: [s.n.], 1987.
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The 2005 Economic and Product Market Databook for East London, South Africa. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.
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Parker, Philip M. The 2006 Economic and Product Market Databook for East London, South Africa. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.
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1955-, Aryeetey Ernest, and International Conference "Asia and Africa in the Global Economy" (1998 : Tokyo, Japan), eds. Asia and Africa in the global economy. Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 2003.
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Auty, Richard M., and Haydn I. Furlonge. The Rent Curse. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828860.001.0001.
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This book analyses the political economy of economic development using two stylized facts models of rent-driven growth. The models show that: (i) the resource curse is a variant of a wider rent curse that can be driven by geopolitical rent (foreign aid), labour rent (worker remittances), or regulatory rent (government manipulation of relative prices); (ii) the rent curse is caused by policy failure and is avoidable; (iii) the global incidence of the rent curse varies over time, which reflects development policy fashions; and (iv) the intensity of the rent curse also varies with rent linkages. Rent cycling theory posits that low rent incentivizes the elite to grow the economy to become wealthy, whereas high rent encourages siphoning rent for immediate enrichment at the expense of sustainable and diversified economic growth. The contrasting incentives trigger divergent policies and structural change. Low rent motivates the efficient allocation of inputs in line with the economy’s comparative advantage in labour-intensive exports, which drives: structural change; rapid egalitarian economic growth; and incremental democratization. High rent, however, elicits contests to capture rent for immediate enrichment so the economy absorbs rent too quickly. The economy experiences Dutch disease effects that expand a subsidized urban sector whose rent demands outstrip supply, resulting in a staple trap and a protracted growth collapse. The economy fails to diversify competitively and depends for growth on expanding rent rather than on competitive diversification that boosts productivity. The book uses the models to explain why many developing countries in Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Gulf followed a staple trap trajectory and draws on East Asia and South Asia for reform.
Book chapters on the topic "Exports – South Africa – East London"
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Liu, Ye, Rebecca Namatovu, Emine Karadeniz, Thomas Schøtt, and Indianna D. Minto-Coy. "Entrepreneurs' transnational networks channelling exports: diasporas from Central & South America, Sub-Sahara Africa, Middle East & North Africa, Asia, and the European culture region." In Diaspora Governance and Transnational Entrepreneurship, 148–67. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003195344-9.
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Chorev, Nitsan. "Global Pharmaceuticals and East Africa." In Give and Take, 30–54. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691197845.003.0002.
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This chapter traces the shift in the pharmaceutical markets in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda from markets dominated by originator (brand-name) drugs produced by western companies to markets dominated by generic drugs produced in the global South, most prominently, in India. The rise of Indian exports was not simply a consequence of conditions in India, as it is often suggested. In East Africa, it was also a consequence of market liberalization imposed through Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) on the three countries in the 1980s and 1990s. Specifically, the removal of foreign exchange restrictions—combined with inadequate regulation of the pharmaceutical market—allowed an unmonitored entry of drugs into the private market. The chapter then describes the ongoing efforts by multinational pharmaceutical companies to slow down that shift—especially by strengthening intellectual property rights. It also examines why reports on the prevalence of Chinese drugs in East Africa are greatly exaggerated.
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Nel, Etienne Louis. "Local Economic Development in the City of East London: 1992-1996." In Regional and Local Economic Development in South Africa, 267–86. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429445224-13.
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Williams, David M., and Andrew P. White. "Shipping and Trade, Port and Regionally-Based Studies." In A Select Bibliography of British and Irish University Theses about Maritime History, 1792-1990. Liverpool University Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9780969588504.003.0002.
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A bibliography of post-graduate theses concerning the Shipping Industry, subdivided by specific region and port, as follows:- Britain:- London; North-East, Humberside, East Anglia; Cinque Ports; Southampton; Bristol and the South-West; Liverpool and Merseyside; Chester; Ireland; Scotland; Clydeside; Wales; General British port studies; Europe; Africa; Asia; and America.
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Wellings, Ben, Shanti Sumartojo, and Matthew Graves. "Commemorating Race and Empire in the First World War Centenary." In Commemorating Race and Empire in the First World War Centenary, 7–20. Liverpool University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786940889.003.0001.
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In November 2016, at the halfway point of the First World War Centenary, a modest exhibition based on volunteer research and supported by the UK Heritage Lottery Fund opened in the London suburb of Wood Green. Far from the Western Front presented accounts of South Asian servicemen who served across the many theatres of war. It was only mounted for a few days, but it sought to complicate both the dominant British narrative of the First World War as trench warfare in France and Belgium, and common depiction of the British forces as white. By focusing on the ‘untold stories of South Asians whose crucial contribution shaped the First World War’ the exhibit sought to remind (or inform) visitors that ‘there was more to the First World War than the mud and trenches of Europe’. The exhibit rediscovered stories that sought to shift common perceptions of the Great War in London and introduce alternative threats and hardships into the collective memory of the War: ‘the threat of lions on patrol in East Africa, thirst in the 50 degree heat of the Sinai desert, and starvation at the Siege of Kut’....
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Hinton, David A. "The Wars and the Posies." In Gold and Gilt, Pots and Pins. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199264537.003.0013.
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The problems of the second half of the fourteenth century continued to affect the fifteenth. Sudden death remained a constant threat, and population levels probably did not begin to recover much, if at all, until the 1540s. Instability in England was briefly restrained by the century’s first two Henries, but thereafter losses in France soon began to prove expensive, the Wars of the Roses were resumed, and uprisings in Wales added to the uncertainty. Nor did the new Stewart dynasty bring internal peace to Scotland. Commercial profits could still be made, especially in the cloth trade, but exports rose and fell with alarming rapidity. Population reduction led to much restructuring, not least in widespread abandonment or shrinkage of rural sites and of urban back areas and suburbs. For archaeology there are some compensations; stone-lined rubbish-pits were one response to fears of smell-spread disease, and their final fills are less often mixed up with residual material than those left unlined. But in London the establishment of the stone waterfront means that the dump deposits peter out, so that the place of the capital in setting standards for the rest of the country becomes even more difficult to assess. Although there was enough bullion to sustain a silver currency in England and Scotland and to allow at least intermittent minting of gold coins, sometimes in quite large numbers, the site-find record is an indicator of decreased overall usage. Both silver and gold became available from new sources after 1460, some compensation for the fall of Constantinople in 1453 and the consequent extra difficulty of trading with the Near East, but the maritime route that opened up for bringing gold from West Africa may not have increased the quantity coming into Europe as a whole, as trans-Sahara caravans were fewer. Use of the sea, however, put first Portugal and later England in the middle of commercial flow-lines, rather than at their ends. After the fifteenth century gems began to come round the Cape to enter Europe by the same western route, and emeralds even crossed the Atlantic, to be followed by new supplies of gold.
Conference papers on the topic "Exports – South Africa – East London"
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Anderson, John Robert Beveridge. "Design and Development of the Msikaba and Mtentu River Bridges." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0497.
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<p>The story of the Msikaba and Mtentu River Bridges is a story about the Transkei Region in South Africa. The area’s unfenced rural landscape is considered unique and is characterised by steep gorges and rivers that run down to the Wild Coast. The civil engineers of the past avoided the area and the main highway connecting the ports of Durban and East London runs 200 km inland. This is now changing with the South African National Roads Agency’s SOC Ltd (SANRAL’s) procurement of the new N2 Wild Coast Road that will realign the highway within 30 km of the coast. The project includes two new crossings, one a 580 m span cable-stayed bridge, the other a 1.1 km long viaduct with a 260 m central balanced cantilever span, across the deepest gorges on the route. Their design and procurement is however driven not only by their physical environment but the need to create jobs, business opportunities for small local enterprises and community development projects that will leave a legacy and a long term economic benefit.</p>
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Fosu, Agyei. "Technology versus Quality Education in an Underdeveloped Region: A Case Study of UNISA Students in Former Ciskei Homeland in Eastern Cape." In InSITE 2017: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Vietnam. Informing Science Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3780.
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Aim/Purpose: This paper seeks to show how University of South Africa (UNISA) is using technology to connect lecturers, tutors and students of [UNISA] in an underdeveloped region in South Africa (SA) to reduce cost and time of travelling to access information, tutorials and help [available] in designated centers, hence making quality and higher education more accessible and less costly. Background: This empirical study gives evidence to back the effectiveness, helpfulness and cost reduction of using technology as a medium of making quality and higher education accessible to under developed regions. Methodology Quantitative and purposeful sampling was deemed appropriate for the study, whereby 200 questionnaires was developed and specifically distributed to UNISA students from former Ciskei towns at East London Tutorial Center. Contribution: The paper is about the usage of mobile technology for knowledge creation and dissemination, instruction and learning, The data generated and presented add to the knowledge base about underdeveloped countries. This data and the conclusions reached based the analysis could be of interest to researchers, university administrators, politicians, planners and policy makers in underdeveloped countries. Findings: Evaluation of the overall effectiveness, helpfulness and cost reduction of e-tutorials show a slight advantage over the face-face tutorials. Recommendations for Practitioners: In the quest for ways and means of making quality and higher education accessible to underdeveloped regions, no matter which medium is chosen, the periodic measurement of success in terms of effectiveness, helpfulness, and cost implication in relation to the learner cannot be over looked. Recommendation for Researchers: More work needs to be done to check the effectiveness of technology as an efficient medium to provide access to quality and higher education to underdeveloped regional economies. Impact on Society The results could have significant implications for raising the level of education and advancing employment equity by improving the delivery and accessibility to quality and higher education to underdeveloped regional economies. Future Research: The analysis of cost efficiency and effectiveness done in this work is just representative of one point of view: the student one of accessibility and cost. There is, however, need in future work to research the implications for the institutions of higher education (in terms teaching design, curriculum design, knowledge of individual learning types, need for change in and rate of change in knowledge view, learning philosophies), individual stakeholders, and the competitive repositioning of society.
Reports on the topic "Exports – South Africa – East London"
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Catley, Andy. Commercialising Pastoralist Livestock Systems in East Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.018.
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Across East Africa’s vast rangelands, pastoralist livestock systems have been commercialising since the early 1900s. Commercialisation has varied widely within and between areas, but now includes substantial livestock exports, regional and cross-border trade, and supply to domestic markets. This policy brief examines some of the key features of pastoralism that affect how commercialisation evolves in pastoralist societies, and why poorer producers often benefit least from new market access. The policy brief draws on a substantial body of research and programme evaluations, and two new APRA research reports on pastoral livestock commercialisation in south-east Ethiopia (Gebresenbet, 2020) and northern Kenya (Roba, 2020).