Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Exposants critiques'
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BERNARDI, LORENZO. "Dynamique et exposants critiques dans les verres de spin ising." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112314.
Full textAdriouch, Khalid. "SUR LES SYSTEMES ELLIPTIQUES QUASI-LINEAIRES ET ANISOTROPIQUES AVEC EXPOSANTS CRITIQUES DE SOBOLEV." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00178675.
Full textpartielle faisant intervenir le (p,q)-Laplacien ou des opérateurs anisotropiques dans les cas sous-critique et critique.
Dans le 1er chapitre on s' intéresse au système suivant (S):
\begin{eqnarray}
\left\{\begin{array}{lll}-\Delta_p u&=&\lambda f(x,u,v)\quad\mbox{dans}\quad\Omega,\\
-\Delta_q v&=&\mu g(x,u,v)\quad\mbox{dans}\quad\Omega,
\end{array}
\right.
\end{eqnarray}
avec $f$ et $g$ présentent des termes sous-critiques en u et v . On a pu construire deux suites de Palais-Smale sur la variété de Nehari convergeant
fortement dans $W{1,p}(\Omega)\times W{1,q}(\Omega)$ vers deux solutions distinctes.
Dans le 2ème chapitre, on considère la même classe du système (S) dans le cas critique et dans $\mathbb{R}^N$. A la différence du chapitre 1, dans
ce cas on retrouve qu'une seule solution positive et pour $p=q$ on retrouve une seconde solution.
Dans le chapitre 3, on généralise l'étude de Brézis-Nirenberg à une équation et puis à un système critique du type (S). On donne une définition plus générale de la notion de niveau critique.
Le Dernier chapitre traîte d'une nouvelle classe de systèmes d'équations elliptiques anisotropiques (puissance dépend de la direction) avec des termes de réaction de type puissance de façon que l'espace fonctionnel naturel devient un espace de Sobolev anisotrope. On démontre l'existence ainsi que la régularité des solutions faibles du système puis l'existence d'une solution dans le cas où on a une sous et une sur-solution du système.
Adriouch, Khalid. "Sur les systèmes elliptiques quasi-linéaires et anisotropiques avec exposants critiques de Sobolev." La Rochelle, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LAROS201.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to study the existence, the multiplicity and the behaviour of positive solutions to some systems involving the (p,q)-Laplacian or the anisotropic operators either in subcritical or in the critical case. . The last chapter deals with a new class of systems of anisotropic elliptic equations (power-like depends on the direction) with different powers, so that the underlying functional-analytic framework involves aniotropic Sobolev spaces. We show the existence and regularity results of weak solutions of the system then an existence of a solution provided that the system has a sub and supersolution
Le, Thi Thu Hien. "Exposants de Lyapunov et potentiel aléatoire." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0025/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we are interested in Lyapunov exponent for two models in random media : random walk in random potential, Brownian motion in Poisson potential.In the first part (chapter II), we study a random walk in a random potential given by a family of i.i.d random non-negative variables. The continuity of Lyapunov exponents with respect to the law of potential is shown in the case transient, that is, in the dimension d ≥ 3 or in the dimension d = 2 for a lower bounded potential. Next, we consider the critical exponents : the exponent of volume ξ and the exponent of fluctuation X. We give an inequality suggested by the KPZ conjecture under a condition of asymptotic form. Lyapunov exponents play an important role in this work.The second part (chapter III) is mainly devoted to the study Brownian motion in a long-range random potential. However, we begin with a classical finite-range potential. Sznitman (1987-1998) investigated several aspects of this model. The first result of this part is the continuity of the Lyapunov exponents with respect to the parameter of the Poisson process. Then, we study the model proposed by Lacoin (2012) which is a long-range potential model. He obtained some estimations of critical exponents that are significantly different from those of Wüthrich (1998) for the model of Sznitman.In this thesis, we pursue the study of Lacoin model. We show the existence of Lyapunov exponents, the shape limit theorem and an estimation of large deviations
Ribeca, Paolo. "Precise evaluation of universal quantities in second-order phase transitions." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112233.
Full textMaking use of Renormalization-Group theory, one can make predictions for values taken by some physical quantities (called universal); among them we have the critical exponents of second-order phase transitions. A lot of different theoretical methods can be used to calculate universal quantities; the most precise one is the pertirbative development at fixed dimension (originally proposed by G. Parisi). Making use of this method, Nickel and coworkers were able to calculate by the end of the 70's critical exponents up to six-loop level (and, more recently, a subset of seven loops). In our thesis we show how to automatize all the calculations by means of the computer; in fact, due to the complexity of the perturbative development only making use of the computer we can hope to parametrize and compute critical exponents up to full seven-loop level. In particular, we present a general technique to parametrize perturbative development to an arbitrary order (already tested with success at full seven-loop level); even if the work has not yet been completed, this technique (together with algorithms for automated multidimensional integration) has already allowed us to reproduce a substantial subset of previous calculations
Caraffa, Daniela. "Equations aux dérivées partielles elliptiques de quatrième ordre avec exposants critiques sur les variétés riemanniennes compactes avec et sans bord." Paris 6, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003179.
Full textCARAFFA, BERNARD Daniela. "Equations aux dérivées partielles elliptiques du quatrième ordre avec exposants critiques de Sobolev sur les variétés riemanniennes avec et sans bord." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003179.
Full textHajjar, Mansour. "Construction d'un calculateur spécialisé pour le calcul de la conductivité électrique d'un réseau de résistances aléatoires." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112409.
Full textA special purpose computer for the calculation of the electric conductivity of a random resistor network. The special purpose computer PERCOLA is designed for long numerical simulations on a percolation problem in Statistical Mechanics of disordered media. Our aim is to improve the actual values of the critical exponents characterizing the behavior of random resistance networks at percolation threshold. The architecture of PERCOLA is based on an efficient iterative algorithm used to compute the electric conductivity of such networks. The calculator has the characteristics of a general purpose 64- bit floating point microprogrammable computer that can run programs for various types of problems with a peak performance of 25 Mflops. This high computing speed is a result of the pipeline architecture based on internal parallelism and separately microcode controlled units such as: data memories, a microcode memory, ALUs and multipliers (both WEITEK components), various data paths, a sequencer (ANALOG DEVICES component), address generators and a random number generator. Thus, the special purpose computer runs percolation problem program 10 percent faster than the supercomputer CRAY XMP
Buyukdagli, Sahin. "Etude de la dynamique et de la physique statistique de modèles d'ADN non-linéaires à la dénaturation thermique." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00185960.
Full textVaslet, Elise. "Répétitions dans les mots et seuils d'évitabilité." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22048/document.
Full textIn this thesis we study various problems on repetition avoidance in infinite words. Raised by Thue and motivated by his work on squarefree words, the topic developed during the 20th century, and has nowadays become a principal area of research in combinatorics on words. In 1972, Dejean proposed an important conjecture whose verification in steps was completed recently (2009). The conjecture concerns the repetition threshold for an alphabet, i.e., the infimum of the avoidable exponents for that alphabet. The notion of threshold as a borderline between avoidability and unavoidability for a given set of words is the guiding line of our work. First, we focus on a generalization of the repetition threshold. This concept allows us to include, in addition to the exponent, the length of the repetitions as a parameter in the description of the set of repetitions to avoid. We obtain various bounds in that respect. We then study existence problems for words in which simultaneously some repetitions are forbidden, and others are forced. For the ternary alphabet, we answer the question: what real numbers are the critical exponent of some infinite word over a given alphabet? Also, we introduce a notion of highly repetitive words and give a partial description of the pairs of exponents which parameterize the existence of words both highly repetitive and repetition-free. Finally, we use results and techniques stemming from those problems to solve a question on graph colouring: we introduce a repetition threshold adapted from the thresholds we know for words, and give its value for two classes of graphs, namely, trees and subdivision graphs
Hadiji, Rejeb. "Equations avec exposant critique et applications harmoniques." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066512.
Full textLewandowski, Roger. "A propos d'une equation elliptique non lineaire avec un exposant critique." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066212.
Full textWANG, WENZHI. "Probleme d'ambrosetti-prodi avec exposant critique sur les varietes riemanniennes compactes." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066645.
Full textGlorieux, Olivier. "Exposant critique des groupes de surfaces agissant sur H2 x H2 et H3." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066127/document.
Full textThis aim of this thesis is the study of the critical exponent associated to a surface group acting on two different spaces. First we study the diagonal action of two teichmuller representations on the product of hyperbolic planes. Then we study quasi-Fuchsian action on the hyperbolic 3-space. The first chapter is dedicated to introduce the basic notions we need to understand the different theorems and proofs in the thesis. The study of critical exponent on H2*H2 is made in chapters 2 and 3. In chapter 2 we study the Manhattan curve, as defined by M. Burger, and more or less classical invariants as critical exponent, critical exponent with given slope, correlation coefficient. In chapter 3, we survey some results on geometric Teichmüller theory, as geodesic currents and earthquakes. We conclude this Chapter by the principal theorem of this first part, that is to say, an isolation result, improving a rigidity result of Bishop-Steger. In the last chapter, we study quasi-Fuchsian representations. The main result is an inequality between critical exponent and volume entropy of embedded surfaces. Moreover we precise the equality case, which gives a theorem of rigidity for the critical exponent
Collion, Stéphane. "Fonctions critiques et équations aux dérivées partielles elliptiques sur les variétés riemanniennes compactes." Paris 6, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007685.
Full textKarevski, Dragi. "Comporterment critique local associé à des perturbations apériodiques du modèle d'Ising à deux dimensions." Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10311.
Full textCollion, Stephane. "Fonctions critiques et équations aux dérivées partielles elliptiques sur les variétés riemanniennes compactes." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007685.
Full textNolin, Pierre. "Percolation presque-critique en deux dimensions, et quelques modèles liés." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112236.
Full textThis thesis consists of six chapters, studying various questions related to percolation near criticality in two dimensions. In chapter 1, we present in detail Kesten's results and techniques allowing to describe near-critical percolation, and we derive some new consequences. We then apply these ideas in the next chapters : we study successively a model of incipient infinite cluster (chapter 2), the geometric properties of interfaces in near-critical regime (chapter 3), the gradient percolation model (chapters 4 and 5), which is a model of inhomogeneous percolation, and finally some diffusion model (chapter 6), for which we show that a fractal geometry spontaneously arises
Saleur, Hubert. "Phenomenes critiques bidimensionnels." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066613.
Full textWalter, Jean-Charles. "Etude numérique des corrections d'échelle au comportement dominant à l'équilibre et hors de l'équilibre." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440099.
Full textHadj, Selem Fouad. "Etude théorique et numérique d'états stationnaires localisés pour l'équation de Schrödinger non linéaire avec potentiel quadratique." Reims, 2010. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/sciences/2010REIMS022.pdf.
Full textWe study the structure of radially symmetric standing waves for the nonlinear Schrodinger equation with harmonic potential. This equation arises in a wide variety of applications and is known as the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in the context of Bose-Einstein condensates with parabolic traps. Both global and local bifurcation behavior are determined showing the existence of infinitely symmetric modes of the equation. In particular, our theory provides a theoretical proof of the existence of soliton with prescribed numbers of zeros depending on the frequency of wave which was recently observed by numerical simulations. After a theoretical study of the three cases, numerical computations are finally presented in order to provide an illustration of the theoretical results that have been obtained and also to the to address some problems for which only few results are known, including the stability of excited states and the multiplicity of solutions vanishing k times in the critical and supercritical case (Brezis-Nirenberg phenomenon)
Marrache-Kikuchi, Claire Akiko. "Effets dimensionnels dans un système désordonné au voisinage des transitions métal-isolant et supraconducteur-isolant." Paris 11, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325067.
Full textLow temperature transport in disordered conducting materials imply quantum interference, Coulomb repulsion, and superconducting fluctuations. Since 2D is the lower critical dimension for the existence of metallic and superconducting states, we have studied two quantum phase transitions – the Superconductor-to-Insulator Transition (SIT) and the Metal-to-Insulator Transition (MIT) – when the thickness of a disordered system – here a-NbSi – is lowered. The underlying problem is the transition between the different states and the conditions for a 2D metal to exist. We have studied the field and disorder-induced SIT. The principal characteristics we have observed (renormalization, role of the field orientation) are well explained by M. P. A. Fisher's theory. However, we do not find the critical exponents values and a universal resistance at the transition as predicted by this theory. Concerning the MIT, we have decreased the thickness of a metallic system to reach the dimension 2 and an insulating state. In both transitions, the passage to the insulating state clearly shows the existence of dissipative states at zero temperature that are not predicted by conventional theories. We propose an interpretation of all our results that implies the existence of a novel phase in 2D, a Bose Metal, between the superconducting and the metallic states. This new state has been predicted by recent theories. We trace the corresponding phase diagram for the model system NbSi with respect to concentration and film thickness
Duemmer, Olaf. "Transition de dépiégeage d'une interface élastique en milieu désordonné." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066599.
Full textLE, GLUMER JEAN-MARIE. "Etude du defaut de compacite de la fonctionnelle associee a une equation elliptique non lineaire avec exposant critique de sobolev sur une variete riemannienne complete." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066406.
Full textHsiao, Pai-Yi. "Comportement critique des modèles de spin classiques sur des fractals : magnétisme orbital d'un gaz d'electrons bidimentionnel confiné par un potentiel harmonique." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077099.
Full text(I) We study the critical behavior of Ising model and 3-state Pottsmodel on fractals by Monte Carlo simulation. The results obtained byfinite size scaling satisfy the hyperscaling relation with the Hausdorffdimension, but differ from the prediction of epsilon-expansion. Theuniversality of these phase transions is shown to be weak. Moverover, we measure the dynamical exponents of the Wolff algorithm and establisha new scaling law for the size distribution of Wolff clusters. (II) Westudy a 2D electron gas confined by an harmonic potential and introducean exact trace formula in application of the residue theorem. We showthat the magnetism presents three different behaviors: Landau Diamagnetism,de Haas-van Alphen Oscillation and Mesoscopic Fluctuation. In applyingthe coherent state method, we give a formula for current density inducedby the external magnetic field
Yazidi, Habib. "Etude de quelques EDP non linéaires sans compacité." Phd thesis, Université Paris XII Val de Marne, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00138957.
Full textqui présentent un défaut de compacité.
Dans la première partie, nous étudions une EDP homogène avec un opérateur non linéaire faisant
intervenir un poids strictement positif, une non-linéarité critique au sens de Sobolev et un paramètre $\lambda$. Nous établissons des résultats d'existence et de non-existence de solutions qui dépendent du comportement du poids au voisinage de ses minima, du paramètre $\lambda$ et de la géométrie du domaine. Dans la seconde partie, nous nous intéressons à des EDP non homogènes avec poids et avec une non-linéarité critique au bord au sens de l'inclusion de trace. Nous montrons des résultats d'existence qui dépendent des différents
coefficients des EDP étudiées et de la courbure moyenne en un point minimum de poids.
Yazidi, Habib. "Étude de quelques EDP non linéaires sans compacité." Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002325100204611&vid=upec.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of some nonlinear partial differential equations of Dirichelet or Neumann type, with a non compact variational structure. In the first part, we study homogeneous PDE with a positive weight, with the critical Sobolev exponent and a parameter λ. We establish some existence and non-existence results which depend on the behavior of the weight near its minima, the parameter λ and the geometry of the domain. In the second part, we are interseted by some non-homogeneous PDE with weight and with a critical nonlinearity on the boundary. We show some existence results which depend on the various coefficients of the studied PDE, and of the mean curvature of the boundary of the domain
Gabay, Claude. "Transitions de phases de l'hélium dans les aérogels de silice." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10067.
Full textCampos, Serrano Juan. "Modèles attractifs en astrophysique et biologie : points critiques et comportement en temps grand des solutions." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00861568.
Full textMarrache-Kikuchi, Claire. "Effets dimensionnels dans un système désordonné au voisinage des transitions métal-isolant et supraconducteur-isolant." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325067.
Full textMercat, Paul. "Semi-groupes de matrices et applications." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00782789.
Full textReuss, Thomas. "Nouvel étalonnage cryogénique en réflectométrie (0. 2 à 18 GHz) et application à l'étude de la dynamique des vortex de supraconducteurs HTc proche de Tc." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10056.
Full textMisat, Sylvain. "The vortex-related phase transition in YBa2Cu3O(7-[delta]) thin films." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10199.
Full textHavret, Benjamin. "On the Lyapunov exponent of random transfer matrices and on pinning models with constraints." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7124.
Full textThis work is made of two independent parts. The first (Chapters 1 and 2) is devoted to the study of the Lyapunov exponent of a product of random transfer matrices. This Lyapunov exponent appears repeatedly in the statistical mechanics literature, notably in the analysis of the Ising model in some special disordered environments. The focus is on a singular behaviour that has been pointed out in the physical literature: we provide a mathematical analysis of this singularity. In the second part (Chapters 3, 4 and 5) we consider a variation of the Poland-Scheraga model for DNA denaturation. This variation aims at modeling the case of circular DNA. We provide a complete analysis of the homogeneous model, including free energy regularity and critical behaviour, as well as path properties. We also tackle the disordered case, for which we prove relevance of disorder both for the free energy and the trajectories of the system
Michel, Guillaume. "Parois et ondes de surface : dissipation, effet Doppler et interactions non linéaires." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEE038/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we study the impact of solid boudaries on surface waves. We first consider the dissipation caused by dynamical wetting. We experimentally show how the damping of surface waves evolves with the size of the meniscus and demonstrate that in perfect wetting it leads to a nonlinear behavior as soon as the meniscus oscillation amplitude compares to the thickness of the boundary layer. Secondly, we investigate energy exchanges through scales occuring when a surface wave reflects on an oscillating wall, the so-called generalized Doppler effect. We evidence the creation of Doppler-shifted waves, compute their amplitudes and illustrate how the continuous bouncing of surface waves on wavemakers may lead to self-similar spectra competing with the ones of wave turbulence. Finally, we focus on nonlinear interaction between surface waves. We prove that gravity waves can undergo triad resonances in confined geometry. Going beyond the consequencies of solid boundaries, we perform experiments on four-wave interactions in the gravity regime and describe large scales in capillary wave turbulence
Tassion, Vincent. "Planarité et Localité en Percolation." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061007.
Full textBadard, Mathieu. "Optimisation et contrôle de la transition dynamique de percolation au sein de matériaux nonostructurés : expérience et modélisation." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI093.
Full textThe rise of carbon nanotube has open possibility for composites polymers. Mixing this carbonaceous filler with polymer medias leads to an optimization of the electrical properties. Then, conductivity mainly depends of the filler architecture, especially the presence of percolating networks. The objective of this work is to understand the percolation mechanisms of the carbon nanotubes in different media. During this study, filler network has been revealed by the mean of electrical and dielectrical measurements. The originality of our work lies in the use of liquid matrices, such as silicone oils, in order to overcome the stresses in the plastic on the one hand, and to simplify the processing in other hand. This thesis is organized around six chapters. The first bibliographic part discusses the carbon nanotubes properties as well as percolation and dynamic percolation phenomena. The second chapter, matériel & méthode, presents the materials used and the different characterization techniques employed. The third chapter of the thesis talks about dynamic percolation of carbon nanotubes in silicone oil, probed by conductivity measurements. Chapter 4 provides a change of the power law Kirkpatrick to describe the conductivity as a function of time and filler content. The critical exponent of percolation is proving to be an indicator of the dispersion state of nanotubes throughout the matrix. In the Chapter 5, electric field is depicted as a tool to control the organization of fillers. The application of a high field increases the conductivity of several orders of magnitude and decreases the percolation threshold. Percolation thresholds close to 0.005 wt % have been determined. At last, the influence of the intrinsic properties of the matrix, such as viscosity and surface tension, is discussed in Chapter 6. Carbon nanotubes dispersion appears to be favored if the difference of surface tension between filler and liquid is low. In contrast, a filler aggregation is rapidly observed in the case where the difference in surface tension is important. We also observed that the percolation of the nanotubes is favored in viscous media
Faulkner, Michael. "Phénomènes émergents et topologiques dans les systèmes BKT sur réseau." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSL0984/document.
Full textThis thesis addresses the emergent electrostatics of two-dimensional, toroidal magnetic models that possess XY symmetry, providing a platform for novel investigations into the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) phase transition.The BKT transition drives the thermal dissociation of bound pairs of topological defects in many two-dimensional systems, including the two-dimensional XY model of magnetism. The XY model is closely analogous to the two-dimensional Coulomb gas, but can be simulated without computing the long-range interactions of the Coulombic system. This thesis elucidates this paradox by showing that Villain's approximation to the XY model is strictly equivalent to the Maggs-Rossetto (MR) electrostatic model when applied to the two-dimensional Coulomb gas.The mapping is used to probe the BKT transition through the application of the MR algorithm to the two-dimensional Coulomb gas. By simulating the Coulombic system, fluctuations in the winding of charges around the torus are shown to turn on at the BKT transition temperature. These topological-sector fluctuations in the electric field therefore signal the high-temperature phase of the transition.It is then shown that the effective critical exponent of Bramwell-Holdsworth (BH) theory can be measured in superfluid 4He films, which correspond to effective Coulomb gases in the limit of large but finite system size. With the Coulombic system taken as the base BKT system, it is inferred that BH theory is a general property of BKT systems
Maucourt, Jérôme. "Étude par simulations numériques des transitions de phase dans les modèles de spins XY désordonnés." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10216.
Full textDriss, Khodja Kouider. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation de la fonction diélectrique des milieux inhomogènes 2D et 3D." Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUES018.
Full textDannawi, Ihab. "Contributions aux équations d'évolutions non locales en espace-temps." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROS007/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we study four non-local evolution equations. The solutions of these four equations can blow up in finite time. In the theory of nonlinear evolution equations, a solution is qualified as global if it isdefined for any time. Otherwise, if a solution exists only on a bounded interval [0; T), it is called local solution. In this case and when the maximum time of existence is related to a blow up alternative, we say that the solution blows up in finite time. First, we consider the nonlinear Schröodinger equation with a fractional power of the Laplacien operator, and we get a blow up result in finite time Tmax > 0 for any non-trivial non-negative initial condition in the case of sub-critical exponent. Next, we study a damped wave equation with a space-time potential and a non-local in time non-linear term. We obtain a result of local existence of a solution in the energy space under some restrictions on the initial data, the dimension of the space and the growth of nonlinear term. Additionally, we get a blow up result of the solution in finite time for any initial condition positive on average. In addition, we study a Cauchy problem for the evolution p-Laplacien equation with nonlinear memory. We study the local existence of a solution of this equation as well as a result of non-existence of global solution. Finally, we study the maximum interval of existence of solutions of the porous medium equation with a nonlinear non-local in time term
Berthier, Serge. "Théories de la fonction diélectrique optique des milieux inhomogènes : application aux propriétés électromagnétiques des cermets." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066283.
Full textChaabi, Slah. "Analyse complexe et problèmes de Dirichlet dans le plan : équation de Weinstein et autres conductivités non-bornées." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00916049.
Full textProvencher, Guillaume. "Exposants géométriques des modèles de boucles dilués et idempotents des TL-modules de la chaîne de spins XXZ." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9706.
Full textThis thesis is concerned with the study of critical phenomena for two-dimensional models on the lattice. Its results are contained in two articles: A first one, devoted to measuring geometric exponents, and a second one to the construction of idempotents for the XXZ spin chain projecting on indecomposable modules of the Temperley-Lieb algebra. Monte Carlo experiments, for a family of loop models in their dilute phase, are presented in the first article. Coined "dilute loop models (DLM)", this family is based upon an O(n) model introduced by Nienhuis (1990). It is defined by two coprime integers p,p' and an anisotropy parameter. In the continuum limit, DLM(p,p') is expected to yield a logarithmic conformal field theory of central charge c(\kappa)=13-6(\kappa+1/\kappa), where the ratio \kappa=p/p' is related to the loop gas fugacity \beta=-2\cos\pi/\kappa. Critical exponents pertaining to valuable geometrical objects, namely the hull, external perimeter and red bonds, were measured. The Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, as well as several methods improving its efficiency, are presented. Despite the extrapolation of curves presenting large slopes, values as close as three to four digits from the theoretical predictions were attained through rigorous statistical analysis. The second article describes the decomposition of the XXZ spin chain Hilbert space \otimes^nC^2 using idempotents. The model of interest (Pasquier & Saleur (1990)) is described by a parameter-dependent Hamiltonian H_{XXZ}(q), q\in C^\times, expressible as a sum of elements of the Temperley-Lieb algebra TL_n(q). The spectrum of H_{XXZ}(q) in the continuum limit is also believed to be related to conformal field theories whose central charge is set by q. Using the quantum Schur-Weyl duality, an expression for the primitive idempotents of End_{TL_n}\otimes^nC^2, involving U_qsl_2 elements, is obtained. These idempotents allow for the explicit construction of the indecomposable TL_n-modules of \otimes^nC^2, all of which are irreducible except when q is a root of unity. This case, and the case where q is generic, are treated separately. Since a wide variety of results and tools are required to tackle the problems stated above, this thesis contains many introductory chapters. Its layout is as follows. The first chapter introduces theoretical concepts common to both articles, in particular an overview of critical phenomena and conformal field theory. Before proceeding to the article entitled \emph{Geometric Exponents of Dilute Loop Models} constituting Chapter 3, the second chapter deals briefly with logarithmic conformal fields, Schramm-Loewner evolution and the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. The fourth chapter defines some algebraic concepts used in the second article, "The idempotents of the TL_n-module \otimes^nC^2 in terms of elements of U_qsl_2" of Chapter 5. A summary of the main results, as well as paths to unexplored questions, are suggested in a final chapter.
Vallières-Nollet, Michel-André. "Un modèle à criticalité auto-régulée de la magnétosphère terrestre." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8038.
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