Academic literature on the topic 'Expulsion thesis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Expulsion thesis"
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Regueiro Rodriguez, Mariel. "Duration of parturition in ewes and its consequences on behavioural traits in mother-lamb bond: Doctoral thesis abstract." Agrociencia Uruguay 27, Suppl theses (2023): e1461. http://dx.doi.org/10.31285/agro.27.1461.
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Lamb mortality within the first 72 hours of life greatly affects sheep breeding, especially in extensive rearing, resulting in important economic losses and involving animal welfare. Prolonged fetal expulsion phase can influence maternal behaviour, and the extended period of hypoxia during birth can also affect the behaviour of the neonate. Limited information exists regarding the necessary duration of the fetal expulsion phase for these changes in maternal behaviour to occur or for the resulting hypoxia from prolonged delivery to either be reversed or cause sequelae that affect lamb viability. Behavioural disturbances of both the mother and the neonate prevent establishing a proper mother-lamb bond. This thesis aims to investigate the required time for the duration of the fetal expulsion phase to have consequences on both maternal and offspring behaviour. For early detection of foetal hypoxia, the effectiveness of a non-invasive and easy-to-use tool, a pulse oximeter, was evaluated and compared with venous blood gas analysis. The prolonged duration of parturition affected the behaviour of both dams and lambs, disrupting the mother-lamb bond and leading to a higher percentage of abandonment. A linear correlation between the duration of delivery and poor maternal behaviour was observed in primiparous ewes, but not in multiparous ones. The pulse oximeter successfully detected lambs with low oxygenation at birth, which would allow to establish therapeutic or management measures to improve survival. Reducing the duration of the foetal expulsion phase through programmed parturition assistance improved maternal behaviour and lamb vigour in primiparous ewes, enabling the establishment of an appropriate mother-lamb bond and potentially enhancing neonatal survival.
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Hunt, Alan. "Foucault's Expulsion of Law: Toward a Retrieval." Law & Social Inquiry 17, no. 01 (1992): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.1992.tb00927.x.
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This essay argues that there is an important sense in which Foucault gets law wrong—that the pursuit of Foucault's own objectives had the unintended consequence of inhibiting a fruitful interrogation of the place of law in modernity. His immediate concern was with the emergence of distinctive manifestations of modern power that constitute a new configuration, the disciplinary society. The most distinctive feature of his account of the historical emergence of modernity was his expulsion of law from modernity. This “expulsion of law” is found in his metahistorical thesis that law constituted the primary form of power in the premodern era, and that although law lingers on in the doctrine of sovereignty, it is supplanted by discipline and government as the key embodiments of modernity. The essay proposes an exercise in retrieval, a “retrieval of law,” to recuperate much in Foucault's thought that is suggestive for our understanding of law's role in the constitution of modern society. It rejects Foucault's opposition of law and discipline and makes use of his treatment of government and governmentality toward that end. It argues that a more adequate grasp of the place of law in modernity can be developed by establishing that law and discipline are complementary and characteristically combine in the ubiquitous presence of regulation as the mark of the modem condition.
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Álvarez, Luciana. "Sobre la concepción foucaulteana del derecho: claves para pensar el debate anglosajón." Dorsal. Revista de estudios Foucaultianos, no. 7 (December 25, 2019): 123–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3592954.
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<strong>Resumen</strong>: En este artículo proponemos un recorrido sistemático por distintas producciones, que ubicamos dentro de lo que puede considerarse la academia de habla inglesa, que tienen por objeto la relación entre Foucault y el derecho, con la finalidad de caracterizar el debate que ellas habrían configurado. Al presentarlas y problematizarlas, mostramos cómo diversas posiciones, a un lado y otro de lo que se denominó “tesis de la expulsión”, comparten similares equívocos que terminan dificultando la comprensión del fenómeno jurídico en nuestras sociedades. <strong>Abstract</strong>: In this paper we offer a review over different productions, placed within the Anglo-Saxon academy, which have as their object of inquiry the relationship between Foucault and law, with the aim of caractherizing the debate they would have configured. By presenting and problematizing them, we show how different positions, on one side and the other of the so called “expulsion thesis”, share similar misunderstandings that end up making it difficult to comprehend the legal phenomenon in our societies.
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Lee, Jong-rok. "The thesis on Jun woo(田愚)’s recognition of western learning(西學) and expulsion theory(斥邪論)". CHOSON DYNASTY HISTORY ASSOCIATION 80 (31 березня 2017): 257–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21568/cdha.2017.03.80.257.
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Forti, Steven. "Partito, rivoluzione e guerra. Il linguaggio politico di un transfuga: Nicola Bombacci (1879-1945)." MEMORIA E RICERCA, no. 31 (September 2009): 155–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mer2009-031010.
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- Nicola Bombacci was an important PSI's leader during the First World War and the biennio rosso (1919-1920). After his expulsion from the PCd'I, of which was one of the founders, he approached fascism and became one of the last supporters of it since he had been shooted by partisans and died in Como Lake, and had been exposed in Loreto Square beside to Mussolini. After a short historical mention of the Bombacci's political life, these pages will analyse deeper the question of the passage from the left to fascism in interwar Italy, through the analyse of his political language. The method executed in order to analyse the question foresees the use of a biography by dates and the identification of the political interpretation's categories, which permit to carry out a comparison between the social-communist and fascist period. In conclusions, the article proposes a thesis of interpretation: the political passion.Parole chiave: Fascismo, Nazione, Rivoluzione, Classe, Guerra, Passione politica Fascism, Nation, Revolution, Class, War, Political passion
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Tovell, Joyce Pressey. "The Creswell Library of Islamic Art and Architecture at the American University in Cairo Part One: in the Presence of the Original Owner, 1956-73." Art Libraries Journal 17, no. 4 (1992): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200008051.
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In 1956 the American University in Cairo (AUC) committed itself to the formidable task of transforming a purchased personal library into a specialized university library supporting research and teaching in a new curriculum in Islamic art and architecture. The library’s original owner, K. A. C. Creswell, the eminent British historian of Islamic architecture, became at age 77 the university’s first professor in the discipline. An agreement that he would have exclusive use of the library during a three-year teaching period set the pattern for later years. Until 1973, while Creswell remained in Cairo, the uncatalogued library, though used by Islamic art faculty and their thesis-writing students, was barely accessible to other Islamic art students and faculty in related fields. Secrecy surrounding the library’s purchase hindered the university’s dealings with Creswell. When the Suez War interrupted final arrangements, Creswell’s exemption from the government-ordered expulsion of British nationals, and permission to move the books to the university, were secured by telling the government of Egypt that the library was Creswell’s gift to AUC.
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Ramírez, Jaques. "De la era de la migración al siglo de la seguridad: el surgimiento de “políticas de control con rostro (in)humano”/ From the age of migration to the century of security: the emergence of ‘control policy with a (in)human face’." URVIO - Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad, no. 23 (November 26, 2018): 10–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17141/urvio.23.2018.3745.
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Si bien el discurso oficial, aceptado prácticamente por todos los Estados, habla de una migración “regular, ordenada y segura”, lo cual ha quedado sellado en el Pacto Global de las Migraciones, la movilidad humana contemporánea difiere mucho del deseo de los gobernantes, tanto en el perfil como en las vías utilizadas para llegar al destino. El presente artículo pasa revista a algunos “paisajes migratorios” en varios lugares del planeta, que han tenido como correlato la respuesta estatal de mayores controles, apelando al discurso de la soberanía nacional. Se plantea la tesis de que en esta nueva etapa del neoliberalismo estamos presenciando el surgimiento de políticas de control con rostro (in)humano de carácter neofascista, sobre todo con el ascenso al poder de Gobiernos nacionalistas y de extrema derecha, que impulsan y practican la xenofobia, el racismo y la aporofobia. Esto ha resultado en un incremento de la deportación, judicialización de la migración, expulsión, confinamiento, construcción de muros, extorsiones, secuestros, desapariciones, tortura y muerte.
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 Although the official discourse, accepted practically by all the States, speaks of a "regular, orderly and safe" migration, which has been sealed in the Global Compact for Migration, contemporary human mobility differs greatly from the desire of the rulers both in the profile and in the routes used to reach destination. This article reviews a number of 'migratory landscapes' in several places on the planet that have had as a correlate the State´s response to greater controls, appealing to the discourse of national sovereignty. The following thesis is proposed: that in this new stage of neoliberalism we are witnessing the emergence of control policy with an (in) human face of neo-fascist character, especially with the rise to power of nationalist and far-right governments that promote and practice xenophobia, racism and aporophobia. This has resulted in increased deportation, judicialization of migration, expulsion, confinement, construction of walls, extortion, kidnapping, disappearances, torture and death.
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Kanstroom, Daniel. "The “Right to Remain Here” as an Evolving Component of Global Refugee Protection: Current Initiatives and Critical Questions." Journal on Migration and Human Security 5, no. 3 (2017): 614–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/233150241700500304.
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This article considers the relationship between two human rights discourses (and two specific legal regimes): refugee and asylum protection and the evolving body of international law that regulates expulsions and deportations. Legal protections for refugees and asylum seekers are, of course, venerable, well-known, and in many respects still cherished, if challenged and perhaps a bit frail. Anti-deportation discourse is much newer, multifaceted, and evolving. It is in many respects a young work in progress. It has arisen in response to a rising tide of deportations, and the worrisome development of massive, harsh deportation machinery in the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Mexico, Australia, and South Africa, among others. This article's main goal is to consider how these two discourses do and might relate to each other. More specifically, it suggests that the development of procedural and substantive rights against removal — as well as rights during and after removal — aids our understanding of the current state and possible future of the refugee protection regime. The article's basic thesis is this: The global refugee regime, though challenged both theoretically and in practice, must be maintained and strengthened. Its historical focus on developing criteria for admission into safe states, on protections against expulsion (i.e., non-refoulement), and on regimes of temporary protection all remain critically important. However, a focus on other protections for all noncitizens facing deportation is equally important. Deportation has become a major international system that transcends the power of any single nation-state. Its methods have migrated from one regime to another; its size and scope are substantial and expanding; its costs are enormous; and its effects frequently constitute major human rights violations against millions who do not qualify as refugees. In recent years there has been increasing reliance by states on generally applicable deportation systems, led in large measure by the United States' radical 25 year-plus experiment with large-scale deportation. Europe has also witnessed a rising tide of deportation, some of which has developed in reaction to European asylum practices. Deportation has been facilitated globally (e.g., in Australia) by well-funded, efficient (but relatively little known) intergovernmental idea sharing, training, and cooperation. This global expansion, standardization, and increasing intergovernmental cooperation on deportation has been met by powerful — if in some respects still nascent — human rights responses by activists, courts, some political actors, and scholars. It might seem counterintuitive to think that emerging ideas about deportation protections could help refugees and asylum seekers, as those people by definition often have greater rights protections both in admission and expulsion. However, the emerging anti-deportation discourses should be systematically studied by those interested in the global refugee regime for three basic reasons. First, what Matthew Gibney has described as “the deportation turn” has historically been deeply connected to anxiety about asylum seekers. Although we lack exact figures of the number of asylum seekers who have been subsequently expelled worldwide, there seems little doubt that it has been a significant phenomenon and will be an increasingly important challenge in the future. The two phenomena of refugee/asylum protections and deportation, in short, are now and have long been linked. What has sometimes been gained through the front door, so to speak, may be lost through the back door. Second, current deportation human rights discourses embody creative framing models that might aid constructive critique and reform of the existing refugee protection regime. They tend to be more functionally oriented, less definitional in terms of who warrants protection, and more fluid and transnational. Third, these discourses offer important specific rights protections that could strengthen the refugee and asylum regime, even as we continue to see weakening state support for the basic 1951/1967 protection regime. This is especially true in regard to the extraterritorial scope of the (deporting) state's obligations post-deportation. This article particularly examines two initiatives in this emerging field: The International Law Commission's Draft Articles on the Expulsion of Aliens and the draft Declaration on the Rights of Expelled and Deported Persons developed through the Boston College Post-Deportation Human Rights Project (of which the author is a co-director). It compares their provisions to the existing corpus of substantive and procedural protections for refugees relating to expulsion and removal. It concludes with consideration of how these discourses may strengthen protections for refugees while also helping to develop more capacious and protective systems in the future. “Those guarantees of liberty and livelihood are the essence of the freedom which this country from the beginning has offered the people of all lands. If those rights, great as they are, have constitutional protection, I think the more important one — the right to remain here — has a like dignity.” Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas, 19522 “We need a national effort to return those who have been rejected … and we are working on that at the moment with great vigor.” Angela Merkel, October 15, 20163
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Kestilä, Iiris. "Confession as a Form of Knowledge-Power in the Problem of Sexuality." Law and Critique 32, no. 2 (2021): 195–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10978-021-09287-x.
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AbstractThis article addresses two questions related to the discrimination of homosexuals in the British Armed Forces as illuminated in the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights in the cases Smith and Grady v. the United Kingdom and Beck, Copp and Bazeley v. the United Kingdom. First, how does the military organization obtain knowledge about its subjects? Two works by Michel Foucault concerning the thematic of confession—The Will to Knowledge and About the Beginning of the Hermeneutics of the Self: Two Lectures at Dartmouth—provide a foundation for answering this question. Second, what happens when this knowledge obtained by the military organization comes into contact with the legal system? In relation to this question, Foucauldian theories of law are discussed, namely the so-called ‘expulsion thesis’ and ‘polyvalence theory’. It is argued that the production of knowledge in the context of these cases is intertwined with the technique of confession. However, the confession does not only operate at the level of the military organization but also as an internal practice of the individual. When this knowledge then encounters the legal system, it appears that the law puts up a certain resistance towards other forms of power, e.g. disciplinary power. It is argued that this resistance is due to the law’s ‘strategic openness’, i.e. the possibility to harness the law to different strategic purposes, due to which law can never be fully subordinated by external powers.
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Aliev, B. A., and A. F. Suleymanov. "Countering terrorism: negotiation process as an important stage in anti-terrorist special operations." Eurasian Scientific Journal of Law, no. 4 (9) (March 9, 2025): 7–12. https://doi.org/10.46914/2959-4197-2024-1-4-7-12.
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The article is devoted to problematic issues of hostage-taking and proper negotiation. It examines the basic requirements for a human negotiator, his psychological readiness and negotiation skills in various situations. Various negotiation models are recommended. Hostages and kidnappings remain one of the most dangerous types of terrorist activity [1, p. 391]. It is known that the success of a special operation to free hostages depends on a number of factors, among which, according to experts, negotiations are important. In addition, the role of the negotiator is special, since the result of a special operation largely depends on the complete abandonment of the crime (respectively, saving the lives of both hostages and employees of special units carrying out an anti-terrorist operation to free hostages and neutralize terrorists). On the one hand, on the other hand, the attack that causes the least damage to the aforementioned people. The relevance of developing an integrated system of requirements for a negotiator, including requirements for his personal characteristics and abilities, is beyond doubt. As practice shows, the proof of this thesis is the tendency to promote hostage crimes. The scale of the latter ranges from crimes of a criminal nature (from the «desperation» of people trying to avoid being detained by law enforcement agencies) to large-scale terrorist acts (taking hostages to influence the socio-political situation in their country and abroad). The list of demands for hostages ranges from the possibility of avoiding justice to the presentation of impossible demands, such as the expulsion of a military contingent from any country, region, etc.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Expulsion thesis"
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Gilhar, Lihie. "A comparative exploration of the internal object relations world of anorexic and bulimic patients." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08152008-132051.
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Mason, Sean David. "Petroleum generation and expulsion from pressure solution structures in the Cambrian Ouldburra formation, Officer Basin /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbm412.pdf.
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O'Neill, Suzanne R. "Key stakeholder perceptions of the expulsion process for high school students identified as emotionally disturbed." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002299.
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Norgate, Roger. "Headteacher perspectives on the reasons pupils are permanently excluded from special schools for pupils with severe learning difficulties." Thesis, n.p, 2001. http://dart.open.ac.uk/abstracts/page.php?thesisid=108.
Full textBooks on the topic "Expulsion thesis"
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Zayas, Alfred M. De. 50 theses on the expulsion of the Germans from Central and Eastern Europe 1944-1948. Kearn C. Schemm & Friends, 2012.
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Bowd, Stephen, Sarah Cockram, and John Gagné. Shadow Agents of Renaissance War. Amsterdam University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463721356.
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Who were the shadow agents of Renaissance war? In this pioneering collection of essays scholars use new archival evidence and other sources, including literature, artworks, and other non-textual material, to uncover those men, women, children and other animals who sustained war by means of their preparatory, auxiliary, infrastructural, or supplementary labour. These shadow agents worked in the zone between visibility and invisibility, often moving between civilians and soldiers, and their labour was frequently forced. This volume engages with a range of important debates including: the relationship between war and state formation; the ‘military revolution’ or transformation of early modern military force; the nature of human and non-human agency; gender and war; civilian protection and expulsion; and espionage and diplomacy. The focus of the volume is on Italy, but it includes studies of France and England, and the editors place these themes in a broader European context with the aim of supporting and stimulating research in this field.
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Mueller, Reinhold C., and Gian Maria Varanini, eds. Ebrei nella Terraferma veneta del Quattrocento. Firenze University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-125-0.
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This book is a collection of the proceedings of the study seminar held in Verona on 14 November 2003. This was the occasion for the presentation of the results of archive research performed by young researchers on the Jewish presence in numerous cities and smaller towns of the Venetian hinterland in the fifteenth century (Vicenza, Verona, Treviso, Feltre, and the minor centres of the Polesine and Verona and Vicenza territory). The various themes that are developed though attentive and documented analysis include: the autonomous initiative of the civic communities in the relation with the Jewish moneylenders and the attitude of Venice, divided between protection and the anti-Jewish tensions that were widespread among the lagoon nobility; the encounter and dialectic between the Ashkenazi and Italian components in the communities settled within the cities and hamlets of Veneto; the difference of the social and cultural climate between the first and second half of the fifteenth century, marked by incisive Franciscan preaching and attempts at expulsion from the cities; a look 'from the inside' which opens up the role of women in the economic life of the Jewish communities. Over twenty years after the convention on 'The Jews and Venice' promoted by the Fondazione Cini, these contributions illustrate the revival of study and the ever-present need for comparison and exchange on the issue of the Jewish presence in Italy.
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Slorach, J. Scott, and Jason Ellis. 5. Termination of and retirement from a partnership. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198823230.003.0005.
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An individual may cease to be a partner on the happening of one of the following events: the dissolution of the partnership; his retirement; or expulsion from the partnership. If the partnership is dissolved, the partnership will come to an end and its assets and business dealt with accordingly. The situation is different on the retirement or expulsion of a partner. Here, the former partners can carry on the business, albeit through the medium of a newly constituted partnership. This chapter considers the legal consequences of the occurrence of these events.
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Slorach, J. Scott, and Jason Ellis. 5. Termination of and retirement from a partnership. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198787686.003.0005.
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An individual may cease to be a partner on the happening of one of the following events: the dissolution of the partnership; his retirement; or expulsion from the partnership. If the partnership is dissolved, the partnership will come to an end and its assets and business dealt with accordingly. The situation is different on the retirement or expulsion of a partner. Here, the former partners can carry on the business, albeit through the medium of a newly constituted partnership. This chapter considers the legal consequences of the occurrence of these events.
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Stavans, Ilan. Other Diaspora Jewish Literatures Since 1492. Edited by Martin Goodman. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199280322.013.0025.
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Since their expulsion from the Iberian Peninsula in 1492, the dissemination of the Jews in Europe, northern Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and the Americas has resulted not only in the production of a literature in modern Jewish languages and dialects such as Yiddish, Hebrew, Ladino, Judaeo-Italian, and Judaeo-Arabic, but also in a Jewish literature delivered in virtually every major Western tongue. These literatures in non-Jewish languages obviously fit into their respective national canons: Jewish-Portuguese authors are part of Portuguese letters, Jewish-Polish authors part of Polish letters, and so on. Five centuries after the expulsion from Spain in 1492, and more than 200 years after the Haskalah, an abundance of fiction and poetry by Jews in non-Jewish languages around the globe is produced regularly. And a solid body of literary criticism that attempts to examine its ambivalence at the national and international levels goes hand in hand with it.
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Browning, Christopher R. The Nazi Empire. Edited by Donald Bloxham and A. Dirk Moses. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199232116.013.0021.
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This articles addresses genocide in the Nazi Empire. Genocide in the Nazi Empire issued from a confluence of traditions: anti-Semitism, racism, imperialism, and eugenics. None of these was unique to Germany, but they came together in a lethal combination in Germany under Nazi rule to provide the ideological underpinnings for three clusters of genocidal projects. The first was the ‘purification’ of the German race through the mass murder of the mentally and physically handicapped within the Third Reich and the expulsion and mass murder of ‘Gypsies’ from the Third Reich. The second was a demographic revolution or ethnic restructuring within the lands deemed to be Germany's future Lebensraum through the decimation, denationalization, and expulsion of the predominately Slavic populations living there. The third was the systematic and total mass murder of every Jew — the Holocaust.
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Slorach, J. Scott, and Jason Ellis. 4. Partnership disputes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198823230.003.0004.
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A decision of the majority of the partners on an ‘ordinary matter’ is binding on the minority. The wishes of the majority prevail over those of the minority who object. However, partnership law provides some machinery for protecting the partner who is aggrieved by what the other partners have done. This chapter considers the remedies available to a partner. These include dissolution of the partnership, appointment of a receiver, arbitration, and expulsion of the partner.
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Slorach, J. Scott, and Jason Ellis. 4. Partnership disputes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198787686.003.0004.
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A decision of the majority of the partners on an ‘ordinary matter’ is binding on the minority. The wishes of the majority prevail over those of the minority who object. However, partnership law provides some machinery for protecting the partner who is aggrieved by what the other partners have done. This chapter considers the remedies available to a partner. These include dissolution of the partnership, appointment of a receiver, arbitration, and expulsion of the partner.
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Napier, Susan. An Anorexic in Miyazaki’s Land of Cockaigne. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190240400.003.0016.
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This chapter discusses how copious excretion and vomit feature in popular animator Miyazaki Hayao's Academy-award winning feature Spirited Away (2001), arguing that these bodily eruptions are critiques of rampant consumer capitalism in contemporary Japan. Set in a carnivalesque world revolving around a luxurious bathhouse for gods of all shapes and sizes, the film repeatedly portrays scenes of food excess, denial, and expulsion, which can be interpreted as anorexia and bulimia. The chapter sees the eating frenzies depicted as Miyazaki's metaphor for materialistic overconsumption, and perceives the strong work ethic and self-denial that bring about the protagonist Sen's salvation as Miyazaki's call for a return to traditional values.
Book chapters on the topic "Expulsion thesis"
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Westbrook, Donald. "“Build a Better Bridge!”." In Among the Scientologists. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190664978.003.0006.
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This chapter surveys themes from 1976 to 2018 and begins with an overview of Hubbard’s final years that set the stage for the shape of the contemporary church. It was during this time that the controversial Guardian’s Office (GO) was disbanded. The institutional outcome of the GO’s expulsion was the reorganization of all Scientology organizations. David Miscavige currently heads one of these corporations, the Religious Technology Center (RTC), and is also considered the “ecclesiastical leader of the Scientology religion.” His influence on the post-Hubbard church is examined, including the victory to secure tax-exempt status from the IRS in 1993; debates over the “brainwashing thesis”; Scientologists’ engagement with the media; and, finally, recent theological developments and the church’s ongoing interface with the broader culture through social betterment and humanitarian programs.
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Chazan, Robert. "Prologue." In Refugees or Migrants. Yale University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300218572.003.0012.
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This chapter provides an overview of the book's main themes. There is a widespread consensus that Jews have suffered an extraordinary level of majority maltreatment, which has occasioned constant population movement resultant from governmental expulsion, hostile legislation, and popular animosity and violence. This book challenges this consensus. The challenge leveled does not deny the reality of governmental expulsions of Jews, of majority limitations on Jewish life that forced Jews to relocate, or of violence that necessitated flight. The challenge to be leveled involves the recognition that in many instances Jews moved themselves and their families for betterment, that Jews were overall more often migrants rather than refugees.
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"Expulsion from Texas." In The Cherokees and Their Chiefs. University of Arkansas Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.14250146.19.
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Marincola, John. "Plutarch and Thebes." In Plutarch's Cities. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192859914.003.0011.
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Chapter 10 examines Plutarch’s account of Theban fifth- and fourth-century history in the Moralia and a number of Lives, focussing on the Persian Wars, the Peloponnesian War and the Spartan hegemony, the Theban hegemony, the conflict with Macedon, and the destruction of Thebes in 335 BCE. It argues that Plutarch acknowledges Thebes’ Medism but, following Thucydides, attributes it to the city’s oligarchical regime at the time. He also acknowledges the hostility of Thebes towards Athens during the Peloponnesian War, but counterbalances it by highlighting the synergy of Thebes and Athens both for the liberation of Athens by Thrasybulus and for the expulsion of the Spartans from the Theban Cadmea. Plutarch has much to say about the architects of the Theban hegemony, Epaminondas and Pelopidas, whereas in his account of Thebes’ conflict with Macedon he links Thebes and Athens, thus showing his loyalty to Thebes and his admiration for Athens.
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Dorin, Rowan. "Expulsion, Jews, and Usury." In No Return. Princeton University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691240923.003.0002.
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This chapter discusses the church's teachings on expulsion, Jews, and usury, and the evolution and gradual interweaving of these themes at the level of medieval Christian thought and practice. Although the medieval church's anxieties about usury had solid roots in Old Testament prohibitions and patristic condemnations, it was only with the commercial development of the High Middle Ages that the topic began to attract sustained clerical attention. By the turn of the thirteenth century, all learned Christians would have agreed that usury was individually sinful, socially threatening, and economically destructive. However, from the early twelfth century until at least the beginning of the fifteenth, the church's theological and legal campaign against usury was overwhelmingly directed toward Christians. The chapter then assesses how Jewish moneylending became first a source of clerical anxiety and then a target of ecclesiastical repression. It also considers the emergence of the “Cahorsin” or “Lombard,” the professional Christian moneylender who left their native town in Italy or southern France to set up credit operations further north, generally with the approval (or even active solicitation) of authorities in the host community.
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Tauchen, Jaromír, and David Kolumber. "Great Theorists of Central European Integration in the Czech Republic." In Great Theorists of Central European Integration. Central European Academic Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54171/2023.mg.gtocei_8.
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The chapter examines five prominent Czech thinkers whose works contributed to the issue of Central European integration. These key figures are discussed chronologically. First, the life and work of František Palacký (1798–1876) is presented. A politician, writer and the founder of modern Czech history, Palacký contributed significantly to the political life of the nineteenth century through the question of cooperation between the Slavic peoples of the Habsburg Monarchy; the relationship of the Czech lands to German integration; and later to the Compromise of 1867. Another important figure is the politician and Czechoslovak Prime Minister Karel Kramář (1860–1937), who based his ideas on close cooperation with Russia and developed the concept of the Slavic Empire. Although the Czechoslovak President Edvard Beneš (1884–1948) is often mentioned primarily in connection with the events of 1938 (Munich Agreement), the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia and 1948 (Communist putsch), Beneš had advocated the unification of the European area as a barrier against the hardships of war. These concepts were manifested not only in the Paris Peace Conference and proposals within the League of Nations, but also in the formation of the Little Entente during the interwar period and negotiations for the Czechoslovak–Polish Confederation during the Second World War. However, Beneš’s ideas ulti- mately failed thanks to France’s incompetence and the expansionism of the Soviet Union, which he underestimated. Another prominent integrationist theorist was the politician and national economist Jaromír Nečas (1888–1945), who developed the United States of Europe thesis and whose efforts at a peaceful solution to the Sudeten crisis are often overlooked. Czechoslovak and Czech president, playwright, and dissident Václav Havel (1936–2011) provided a philosophical dimension to the integration issue. Havel actively sought the early integration of Eastern Europe into Western European structures and was also the main initiator of close cooperation with Hungary and Poland, understanding the Euro-Atlantic orientation of the former socialist countries as a necessity. He simultaneously pointed out the mistakes that were gaining negative assessments, especially for the European Union. This chapter presents the aforementioned thinkers’ life stories and summarises their crucial works and speeches, illustrating their contribution to Central European integration.
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Fratantuono, Ella. "Colonization, Territorialization and Displacement in Ottoman Migration Policy, 1856–1918." In Postcoloniality and Forced Migration. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529218190.003.0003.
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This chapter considers the themes of expulsion and colonization within the Ottoman immigration story. The Ottoman Empire does not figure prominently in histories of empire and colonization, yet it offers a specific context to pose questions about forced migrants as tools in empire-building. The empire’s tenuous sovereignty in the 19th and early 20th centuries influenced patterns of inclusion and exclusion and affected how the state used migrants in its state-building efforts over time. The chapter concludes by considering what, if anything, is relevant in the Ottoman colonization story to Turkey’s treatment of Syrian refugees in the 21st century. In keeping with the insights of this volume, the chapter suggests that historicizing the present reveals patterns of exclusion, assimilation, and expulsion across regimes and through time.
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Crandall, Maurice. "The Politics of Inclusion/Exclusion in the Arizona-Sonora Borderlands during the Mexican Period." In These People Have Always Been a Republic. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469652665.003.0005.
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This chapter is an examination of Indigenous responses to changes in the administration of Indian affairs in the Arizona-Sonora Borderlands during the Mexican period. This period was characterized by steady erosion of the mission system, the rupturing of the colonial pact, and the eventual Jesuit Expulsion. While Hopis had minimal contacts with independent Mexico, Yaquis once again revolted in defence of political autonomy, this time under the complicated leadership of Juan Banderas. O’odhams endured chaotic decades of drought, frontier warfare, and administrative changes that resulted in significant mission depopulation and the decline of the town electoral model, although not its complete disappearance. This chapter demonstrates that these three Indigenous nations confronted the electoral-political upheavals of the Mexican period in distinct ways that ensured their survival as sovereign peoples.
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Liao, Hsin-Tien. "Ju Ming (1938–)." In Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781135000356-rem2046-1.
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Ju Ming, also known as Ju Chuantai, is one the most prominent Taiwanese sculptors to have emerged in the latter half of the twentieth century. Born in Miaoli County in northern Taiwan, he originally trained in wood sculpture, carving traditional figures such as those of the Buddha and Mazu, the sea goddess. In 1968, he decided to shift his focus to the depiction of modern themes. He studied with the famous sculptor Yang Yuyu, who suggested he change his name from Ju Chuantai to Ju Ming to signify this change in artistic direction. Ju’s early works explored aspects of Taiwanese folk life, often depicting farmers, domestic animals, or oxcarts. His geometric and abstract style of artistic execution was often compared to the vivid and expressive Xieyi (寫意) brush technique used in Chinese ink-wash painting. His works were also praised for their ability to combine Chinese folk culture and artistic traditions with modern sensibilities. He attracted great attention from both the public and critics at his first solo show at the National Museum of History in 1976. In 1971, following the expulsion of the Republic of China (ROC) from the United Nations, his works were seen as representing Taiwan’s artistic spirit and its nativist cultural movement.
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Mançano Fernandes, Bernardo, and Cliff Welch. "Movements and Territorial Conflicts in Latin America." In The Oxford Handbook of Latin American Social Movements. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190870362.013.37.
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Abstract Latin America has undergone an intense struggle for land. Indigenous peoples, peasants, and the descendants of fugitive slaves have resisted the expropriation of their territories for five centuries. This chapter examines land struggles in the region, analyzing territorial domination and resistance. It argues that land occupations have served to promote the cultural survival of peoples being forcefully expropriated. Their expulsion is more than a political or economic problem, it is a societal problem, as it “others” and excludes certain ways of life from the Western Civilization project. The chapter describes how social movements organize to fight for land, how families prepare to change their destinies and how governments and corporations respond to land occupations. The fight for a fraction of territory is a struggle for the basic conditions of life and citizenship. A people cannot live without territory; therefore, groups in every Latin American country permanently question territorial control. A typology helps differentiate between private and public land occupations and processes of land reclamation. The chapter also analyzes diverse strategies of spatial production used by peasants to establish their territories and by original peoples to recover theirs. The study examines the unique characteristics of land occupations by peasants and indigenous peoples, as well as their different social formations and world views. In conclusion, the chapter argues that territorial disputes are also disputes over divergent models of development. Land occupations are fundamental to the agrarian question and will continue to occur so long as land ownership remains concentrated.
Conference papers on the topic "Expulsion thesis"
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Ramirez, Alfonso Avila. "Some common performance characteristics of gas-blast interrupters and power expulsion fuses." In 2007 8th International Conference on Electric Fuses and their Applications. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icefa.2007.4419961.
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Sepúlveda Corzo, Juan Gabriel. "Transformación morfológica y funcional del borde oriental de Bogotá: explicaciones sobre la gentrificación y la segregación residencial de áreas centrales." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo. Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6276.
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El borde oriental de Bogotá ha experimentado transformaciones en su morfología en los últimos 40 años, cuyas
 consecuencias se relacionan con fenómenos de cambio de uso, segregación, crecimiento en altura, presión
 sobre la infraestructura, mayor densidad poblacional, elitización y expulsión de habitantes originales. Estas
 transformaciones responden a factores socio-espaciales particulares. Adicionalmente, en los últimos 15 años la
 ciudad de Bogotá ha presentado un proceso de densificación en altura resultado del agotamiento del suelo
 urbanizable. A partir de esta situación, el borde oriental, dada su proximidad al centro histórico y a los centros
 financieros de la ciudad, se vuelve atractivo para estos desarrollos, transformando su morfología e imagen
 urbana así como la estructura social de estos sectores. The eastern edge of Bogotá has undergone changes in their morphology in the past 40 years, the
 consequences are related phenomena use change, segregation, height growth, pressure on infrastructure,
 increased population density, gentrification and expulsion of original inhabitants. These changes respond to
 particular socio-spatial factors. Additionally, in the last 15 years Bogotá has introduced a process of densification
 in height result of the exhaustion of land for development. From this, the eastern edge, given its proximity to the
 historic center and the financial centers of the city, becomes attractive to these developments, transforming their
 morphology and urban image and social structure of these sectors.
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Slavyanova, Yana, and Dmitriy Lagerev. "Development of the scoring model for assessing the probability of expulsion of university students." In International Conference "Computing for Physics and Technology - CPT2020". ANO «Scientific and Research Center for Information in Physics and Technique», 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/conferencearticle_5fd755c0420db0.31167163.
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The work of most information systems involves the processing of data, its accumulation during operation and subsequent analysis. However, the analysis of such a large amount of information by a person is impossible without its preliminary automatic processing. For this purpose, Data Mining is used, which includes descriptive and predictive modeling. The statistical classification is one of the most understandable data analysis technologies for humans and relates to predictive modeling. This task consists in dividing the set of observations into classes based on their formal description. One of the methods for solving the classification problem is logistic regression, while scoring is a common area of application. This article discusses the application of scoring to the problem of assessing the probability of students' expulsion from the University based on data on their attendance and academic performance. The solution of this problem will allow curators of groups, directions and other interested parties to identify the tendency to expulsion in time, identify a risk group among students and take early measures to prevent the event predicted by the built model from becoming a fact. The built scoring model is subject to publication as a web service for further use in the software package for supporting the work of a University teacher. In this case, the model input receives aggregated characteristics obtained from accumulated data on student performance and attendance by the software package, which results in an integrated indicator of the probability of an event, namely, deductions. As a result of building a scoring model, a subsequent assessment of its quality is performed.
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Sovrlić, Milica. "FRAUS CREDITORUM U RIMSKOM PRAVU." In XV Majsko savetovanje: Sloboda pružanja usluga i pravna sigurnost. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xvmajsko.1091s.
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Fraus creditorum was a delict of Pretorian law. This delict existed when the borrower consciously reduced his assets to prevent creditors from collecting their claims. Uncontrolled creditors had at their disposal three procedural means to defraud the debtor's disposal. Initially, the interdictum frauditorum and restitutio in integrum ob fraudem, and later actio Pauliana, who consolidated the actions of the previous two procedural means and enabled the comprehensive protection of creditors. Protection of creditors from fraudulent proceedings of indebted debtors came to light only after the introduction of real execution. Until then, the applicable principle of personal execution was a sufficient guarantee to the creditors that the debtor would fulfill their obligations. The debtors, in order to avoid expulsion through Tibar or murder, were trying to fulfill their contractual obligations.
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شریف اسماعیل, سركوت. "The impact of the foreign relations of the Iraqi state on the Anfal operations, (America) is a model." In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/15.
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"The Anfal crime of 1988 was a series of political, military and propaganda campaigns carried out by Saddam's Ba'athist regime against a part of the Kurdish people.In this process, all the means of genocide were used, from killing, slaughter, arrest, expulsion and expulsion to the demolition of houses, burning of fields and gardens and looting of their livestock and belongings. The Ba'ath regime's excuse for this crime was nothing but religious and political propaganda that the Kurdish nation had deviated from Islam and had turned against the state These excuses were to justify his crime because the process was named after a chapter of the Holy Qur'an, which was Anfal. For such a big and heinous crime, of course, you have to make all the internal and external factors available before you start, because without the availability of both factors, it would have been impossible for such a big and important process to succeed Therefore, Saddam's Ba'athist regime had secured international and external factors along with the availability of domestic factors to a good extent, so it carried out the process in such a comprehensive and widespread manner. The United States, which was one of the most powerful and influential countries of the time, had a strong relationship with Saddam and the Iraqi government in all political, military, economic and other aspects The Americans, who served Saddam Hussein's regime in the success of the Anfal process, not only provided military and logistical assistance to the Iraqi government, but also provided intelligence assistance to the regime On the other hand, for the sake of the Ba'ath and Saddam regimes, he had cut off all kinds of cooperation from the Kurds and refused to even welcome the Kurdish representatives when they wanted to convey the truth about the Anfal crime to the US and the world.This was one of the reasons why Saddam's regime was protected from international condemnation and prosecution thanks to its cooperation and strong ties with the Americans."
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Holloway, Daniel, Ranald Kelly, Daniel Kay, Claire Gill, Masatoshi Ishibashi, and Ruqaya Hassan Ali Al-Hitmi. "Integrated 1-D and 3-D Basin Modelling to Characterize the Deposition and Distribution of Asphaltenes Within Tar Zones from an Oil Field Offshore Abu Dhabi, UAE and Qatar." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207950-ms.
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Abstract Increasing the recoverable reserves from oil fields by extracting from tar zones is becoming more desirable in the Middle East. One approach for improved definition of tar zones is to understand the factors which affected the deposition and distribution of asphaltenes within the target interval. In this paper we outline how integrated 1-D and 3-D basin modelling was used to identify the timing of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion from the Jurassic source rock to charge a prolific Jurassic carbonate reservoir formation of an oil field, offshore Abu Dhabi, UAE and Qatar. The source rock is modelled to be in the peak oil mature window today, with the onset of oil generation from the Cenomanian to the Turonian, depending on modelled and assumed source rock kinetics. The onset of oil expulsion was from the earliest Paleocene. Measured bulk fluid parameters in the reservoir formation have a significantly higher Gas-Oil Ratio (GOR) and elevated API gravity values when compared with predicted values. A possible mechanism to explain this discrepancy would be to invoke the contribution of higher GOR fluids from more mature source rocks within the fetch area of the field. Thermochemical sulphate reduction of anhydrite layers in the reservoir is predicted to have begun during the Eocene. Major uplift and erosion in the Oligocene and Mio-Pliocene significantly reduced reservoir pressure and temperature. This reduction in pressure and temperature is modelled to have caused precipitation of solids, gravity segregation and flocculation at the then oil-water contact, depositing the main tar zone and patchy tar in the reservoir beneath this zone as charge continued through time. We present a detailed review, interpretation and 3-D basin model; the first study of its kind conducted on this oil field. The 3-D basin model predicts the timing of the deposition and distribution of asphaltenes in the carbonate reservoirs of the studied field and demonstrate that local problems need to be understood in their regional context.
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Kadivar, M., B. Samuel, L. Cottee, et al. "Factors Influencing Construction of Floating Offshore Wind Farms on the West Coast of the United States." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/35358-ms.
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Abstract This study focuses on enhancing our understanding of key factors influencing the construction of floating offshore wind farms along the west coast of the United States. It explores geophysical, geological, and geotechnical aspects, specifically aiming to predict and address key considerations for cable and anchor installation. The study examines various factors, such as seismic activities including earthquakes and tsunamis, liquefaction potential, submarine landslide potential, and steep seabed gradients, which are critical in shaping engineering approaches. Also, the identification of hard grounds, paleochannels, soft and organic soils, fluid expulsion features and shallow gas pockets are explored for their influence on design and construction. The research also emphasizes the importance of recognizing sensitive marine habitats and understanding existing ocean usage and anthropogenic features for environmentally conscious and safe project planning. By proactively engaging with these factors, this study aims to provide insightful recommendations and strategies for the successful development of floating offshore wind farms in this region. It underscores the importance of comprehensive risk assessment and customized engineering solutions to ensure the long-term viability and sustainability of these renewable energy projects.
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Kolaković-Bojović, Milica, and Grażyna Baranowska. "Migrants as Victims of Enforced Disappearances." In The Position of Victims in the Republic of Serbia. Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47152/palic2024.4.
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Triggered by various factors, migrations change people’s destinies, social, economic, and cultural fibre and patterns of the states and regions, but also the geo-political map of the world. In their attempts to find a better life conditions or environment, migrants are frequently faced with insecurity, serious human rights violation and violence, including exposure and additional vulnerability to be subjected to smuggling and trafficking and other forms of exploitation. Rigid migration policies of States such as refusal of entry, pushbacks often accompanied by violence, expulsion or detention, and the increasingly perilous journeys of migrants cause a particular risk to become victims of enforced disappearances. This paper explores and presents the reasons behind the decision of the UN Committee on Enforced Disappearances to adopt the First General Comment on Enforced Disappearances in the Context of Migration, but also elaborates on the process preceded the adoption as well as the content of the document itself. It also discusses the forthcoming steps in dissemination and implementation of the General Comment focusing on the specific roles of other universal, regional and national human rights mechanisms, including the UN Working Group on Enforced and Involuntary Disappearances.
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Abu-Mahfouz, Israa S., Garri Gaus, Sebastian Grohmann, et al. "Improved Understanding of Hydrocarbon Expulsion and Associated Fracturing During Successive Stages of Maturation: Insights from the Artificial Maturation of Organic-Rich, Immature to Early Mature Source Rocks." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21895-ms.
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Abstract Organic-rich carbonate mudrocks are among the most important petroleum source rocks in the world, sourcing most of the hydrocarbons of Arabia and many other oil provinces. Hydrocarbon generation and migration in organic-rich carbonate source rocks and the governing geological processes have previously been widely discussed. However, only a few studies focus on the early mobilisation of initial bitumen and its relationship to pore space and fracture development during early maturation. We investigated these initial stages in petroleum generation and primary migration in the organic-rich, immature to early mature (&lt;0.6 VRE) Upper Cretaceous source rocks of Jordan, both observationally on samples from 15 subsurface cores and experimentally through artificial maturation and pyrolysis of carefully selected unfractured samples. Both sets of samples (untreated and artificially matured) were examined using optical microscopy, BIB-SEM (Broad Ion Beam-Scanning Electron Microscopy) and micro-CT scanning and analysed for their geochemistry (Total Organic Carbon; TOC, sulphur content and maturity). The rocks are mainly composed of carbonate minerals and Type II-S kerogen, with a TOC of 16 wt.% on average and relatively high total sulphur contents (2.08 - 7.39 wt.%). The organic matter has a high capacity for oil generation, based on its high Hydrogen Index (HI) of up to 852 mg HC/gTOC. Observations from the untreated core samples show that early-expelled hydrocarbons either disseminate in the host rock filling primary matrix porosity or existing fractures/microfractures. Our sequential artificial maturation experiments provide insights into the mechanisms and pathways of both the hydrocarbon expulsion and fracturing that could be expected under continued burial and natural maturation. After one week of pyrolysis, a significant part of the organic matter has been converted to hydrocarbons and mobilised through the remaining primary porosity, pre-existing microfractures and pore space generated within organic laminae. Thin section and BIB-SEM characterisation indicate that the mobilised bitumen passively invades pre-maturation created fractures or the pore network generated in organic matter during conversion, disturbing rock fabric and creating new migration pathways. This artificially generated bitumen forms bridges between existing kerogen particles and partly create new fractures. The migration pathways mainly propagate parallel to bedding, based on thin sections and BIB-SEM images. The innovative experimental approach utilised in this study creates an improved understanding of hydrocarbon expulsion processes and associated migration during the successive stages of maturation. This, in turn, provides insights into the thermal maturity evolution of source rock sequences in Arabia and elsewhere.
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Aditya, M. "Geochemistry Evaluation and Oil to Source Rock Correlation of Lhokseumawe Area, North Sumatra Basin." In Digital Technical Conference. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa20-g-204.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hydrocarbon source potential of the Middle Miocene Lower Baong Formation of the Lhokseumawe area and further attempt to establish a correlation of this possible source with the oil produced in the area by the mean of biomarkers analysis. Source rock characterization was realized by integrating several geochemical measurements including TOC, HI and Ro from the DY-1 and TM-1 wells. This has allowed us to define the organic content, maturity and kerogen type of the Lower Baong. Meanwhile, multiple produced oil samples from the area of interest were used to characterize their geochemical signature, based on a combination of isoprenoid, triterpane and sterane biomarkers, in an effort to determine maturity of those oils and the depositional environment of their source. This provides the basis of our attempt to correlate genetically oil and source rock in the Lhokseumawe area. The geochemical characterization of the Lower Baong suggest the formation to be an effective active source rock in the Lhokseumawe area with remaining average TOC of c1.5%, Kerogen Type II-III and maturity levels optimal for oil expulsion. Biomarker analysis of oils suggest an origin from a source facies deposited in open marine environment. Maturity level analysis using pentacyclic triterpane supports the source to be at peak maturity level. The correlation of oil with source rock supports largely that the Lower Baong oils are sourced by Lower Baong source facies of marine origin. However it worth noting that one oil family differs from this genetic correlation, opening speculation around other source facies to be active in the Lower Baong or an additional source interval to be active in the Lhokseumawe area. This could be interesting topic to be discuss in future.
Reports on the topic "Expulsion thesis"
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Bajwa, Abdullah, and Timothy Jacobs. PR-457-17201-R02 Residual Gas Fraction Estimation Based on Measured Engine Parameters. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011558.
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Gas exchange processes in two-stroke internal combustion engines, commonly referred to as scavenging, are responsible for removing the exhaust gases in the combustion chamber and preparing the combustible fuel-oxidizer mixture that undergoes combustion and converts the chemical energy of the fuel into mechanical work. Scavenging is a complicated phenomenon because of the simultaneous introduction of fresh gases into the engine cylinder through the intake ports, and the expulsion of combustion products from the previous cycles through the exhaust ports. A non-negligible fraction of the gaseous mixture that is trapped in the cylinder at the conclusion of scavenging is composed of residual gases from the previous cycle. This can cause significant changes to the combustion characteristics of the mixture by changing its composition and temperature, i.e. its thermodynamic state. Thus, it is vital to have accurate knowledge of the thermodynamic state of the post-scavenging mixture to be able to reliably predict and control engine performance, efficiency and emissions. Two tools for estimating the trapped mixture state - a simple scavenging model and empirical correlations - were developed in this study. Unfortunately, it is not practical to directly measure the trapped residual fraction for engines operating in the field. To overcome this handicap, simple scavenging models or correlations, which estimate this fraction based on some economically measurable engine parameters, can be developed. This report summarizes the results of event-II of a multi-event project that aims to develop such mathematical formulations for stationary two-stroke natural gas engines using data from more advanced models and experimentation. In this event, results from a GT-Power based model for an Ajax E-565 single-cylinder engine are used to develop a three-event single zone scavenging model and empirical correlations. Both of these mathematical devices produce accurate estimates of the trapped mixture state. The estimates are compared to GT-Power results. In the next event of the project, these results will be validated using experimental data. Various steps followed in the development of the model have been discussed in this report, and at the end some results and recommendations for the next event of the project have been presented.
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Smyth, Emer, Garance Hingre, and Merike Darmody. The School Completion Programme revisited. ESRI, 2024. https://doi.org/10.26504/rs197.
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The School Completion Programme was established in 2002 to provide support for children and young people at risk of early school leaving and is part of a suite of supports offered through the Delivering Equality of Opportunity in Schools (DEIS)1 programme. The programme is run by Tusla Education Support Service (TESS) with oversight from the Department of Education. The programme is organised into 121 projects managed by a coordinator and overseen by a Local Management Committee (LMC). Each project covers a number of primary and post-primary schools. The programme currently covers 783 schools that have a total population of over 250,000 students. The three core outcomes of the programme are improved attendance, improved participation (engagement in learning and other school activities) and improved retention among children and young people, with improved participation seen as leading to increases in attendance and retention levels. To achieve these objectives, there are three levels of intervention: the target group, children and young people identified with the greatest need to whom staff provide more intensive support; brief interventions, designed to address a temporary crisis; and universal interventions that provide whole-class support, for example through a life skills programme. The strands of support are divided between in-school supports, supports around the school day (before or after school, or at lunchtime), holiday provision and supports for young people who are out of school (because of school avoidance, suspension/expulsion, or early school leaving). A review of the programme conducted by the ESRI in 2015 highlighted its value in providing flexible and needs-based supports to vulnerable children and young people. However, the review highlighted a number of challenges, including project governance, variation in the size of projects and the supports provided, and the impact of austerity-related funding decreases. In the intervening period, there have been a number of changes to the programme, including an increase in funding, the introduction of a new intake framework to refer students, a greater emphasis on evidence-based programmes (such as Decider Life Skills and Working Things Out), a roll-out of continuous professional development for staff and webinars for LMC members. There have also been considerable changes in the broader societal context, with the impact of the pandemic on wellbeing leading to marked increases in school non-attendance. This report draws on a survey of SCP coordinators, detailed case studies of six projects, and a consultation event conducted with SCP coordinators and project workers. This rich information is used to examine the operation of SCP in this changed landscape and highlight the implications for future development of the programme.