Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Extended liability / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Extended liability.

Journal articles on the topic 'Extended liability'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Extended liability.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Kaisanlahti, Timo H. "Extended Liability of Shareholders?" Journal of Corporate Law Studies 6, no. 1 (2006): 139–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14735970.2006.11419949.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

SAKAI, Kazuhiko. "Environmental Accident and Extended Liability." Studies in Regional Science 35, no. 3 (2005): 495–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.2457/srs.35.495.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Hiriart, Yolande, and David Martimort. "The benefits of extended liability." RAND Journal of Economics 37, no. 3 (2006): 562–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-2171.2006.tb00031.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Boyd, J., and D. E. Ingberman. "The Search for Deep Pockets: Is "Extended Liability" Expensive Liability?" Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 13, no. 1 (1997): 232–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023380.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Harwood, Richard. "Third Party Liability for Dishonesty Extended." Journal of Financial Crime 3, no. 2 (1995): 203–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb025710.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Ichinose, Daisuke. "Contractor selection problem under extended liability." International Review of Law and Economics 31, no. 1 (2011): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.irle.2010.10.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Cerbin, Mark. "Liability Reduced with Extended Valve Box Lid." Opflow 25, no. 8 (1999): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8701.1999.tb02194.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

TIROLE, Jean. "From Pigou to Extended Liability: On the Optimal Taxation of Externalities under Imperfect Financial Markets." Review of Economic Studies 77, no. 2 (2010): 697–729. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2009.00585.x.

Full text

Abstract:

Pigovian taxation of externalities has limited appeal if the tortfeaser has insufficient resources to pay the damage when it occurs. To defend Pigovian taxation in the presence of judgment-proof agents, its proponents point at the many institutions extending liability to third parties. Yet little is known about the validity of Pigou’s analysis in this context. The paper analyzes the costs and benefits of extended liability and investigates whether full internalization is called for in the presence of agency costs between potential tortfeasers and providers of guarantees. Its contribution is tw

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Weekes, Robert. "VICARIOUS LIABILITY FOR VIOLENT EMPLOYEES." Cambridge Law Journal 63, no. 1 (2004): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197304006506.

Full text

Abstract:

A series of recent cases have extended the liability of employers for intentional wrongdoing by their employees. The article explores the implications of these decisions, arguing that they evidence the revival of the “master’s tort” theory of vicarious liability, and have the potential for a further, undesirable, widening of liability rules.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Lidgren, Karl, Göran Skogh, and Walter Stahel. "Extended Producer Responsibility Recycling, Liability, and Guarantee Funds." Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice 21, no. 2 (1996): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/gpp.1996.11.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Anyangah, Joshua Okeyo. "On information, extended liability and judgment proof firms." Environmental Economics and Policy Studies 14, no. 1 (2011): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10018-011-0023-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Neild, David. "Vicarious Liability and the Employment Rationale." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 44, no. 3/4 (2013): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v44i3/4.4973.

Full text

Abstract:

This article argues that the employment relationship should remain the underpinning rationale for vicarious liability. The article draws a distinction between cases where liability is imposed because the defendant is an employer, and those where liability is based on agency. Other non-employment vicarious liability cases are distinguished using liability for breach of non-delegable duties. The article also considers English cases where vicarious liability has been extended to relationships with similar characteristics to employment, and argues that this approach should be preferred to the New

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Butcher, Lola. "Liability Insurance Extended to Former Hahnemann Staff and Faculty." Neurology Today 20, no. 7 (2020): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nt.0000660860.38733.48.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Feldman, Allan, and Ram Singh. "Equilibria Under Negligence Liability." Review of Law & Economics 17, no. 1 (2021): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rle-2020-0049.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In many accident contexts, the expected accident harm depends on observable as well as unobservable dimensions of the precaution exercised by the parties involved. The observable dimensions are commonly referred to as the ‘care’ levels and the unobservable aspects as the ‘activity’ levels. In a seminal contribution, Shavell, S (1980). Strict liability versus negligence. J. Leg. Stud. 9: 1–25 extended the scope of the economic analysis of liability rules by providing a model that allows for the care as well as activity level choices. Subsequent works have used and extended Shavell’s mo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Baker, Dennis J. "Unlawfulness’s Doctrinal and Normative Irrelevance to Complicity Liability." Journal of Criminal Law 81, no. 5 (2017): 393–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022018317728832.

Full text

Abstract:

In this essay I shall try to show that there is normative nor doctrinal foundation for the extended joint enterprise doctrine. I shall argue that the “unlawfulness” justification that has been invoked to justify the extended joint enterprise has no doctrinal basis in English law and is also normatively vacuous. Almost every case concerning common purpose complicity scenarios where unlawfulness has been an issue hinge on the doctrine of constructive crime, so I shall attempt to show that those who are invoking that doctrine of unlawfulness to support their normative case for extended joint ente

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Kenny, Seán, and Anders Ögren. "Unlimiting Unlimited Liability: Legal Equality for Swedish Banks with Alternative Shareholder Liability Regimes, 1897–1903." Business History Review 95, no. 2 (2021): 193–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680521000192.

Full text

Abstract:

This article examines the aftermath of the 1897 Riksbank Act in Swedish banking. The act placed banks with unlimited liability and those with limited liability on equal footing, removing the note-issuing privileges of the former. We consider whether changes in risk preferences occurred subsequent to the act, or whether extended liability was a sufficient deterrent. We conclude that when legal differences were removed, lower transaction costs for unlimited liability banks (ULBs) spurred aggressive competition, reflected in narrower interest spreads relative to limited liability banks (LLBs). UL

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Jordan, Karen A. "Tort Liability for Managed Care: The Weakening of ERISA's Protective Shield." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 25, no. 2-3 (1997): 160–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1997.tb01891.x.

Full text

Abstract:

The risk of tort liability for health maintenance organizations (HMOs) and other managed care plans has dramatically increased in recent years. This is due in part to the growing percentage of health care rendered through managed care plans. The cost-containment mechanisms commonly used by managed care plans, such as limiting access to services and/or choice of providers, creates a climate ripe for disputes that may end up in court. As dissatisfied patients and providers seek recourse in the courts, tort doctrines are extended and new legal theories emerge as needed. For example, the concepts

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Nova, Andrea, Teresa Fazia, Valeria Saddi, Marialuisa Piras, and Luisa Bernardinelli. "Multiple Sclerosis Heritability Estimation on Sardinian Ascertained Extended Families Using Bayesian Liability Threshold Model." Genes 14, no. 8 (2023): 1579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14081579.

Full text

Abstract:

Heritability studies represent an important tool to investigate the main sources of variability for complex diseases, whose etiology involves both genetics and environmental factors. In this paper, we aimed to estimate multiple sclerosis (MS) narrow-sense heritability (h2), on a liability scale, using extended families ascertained from affected probands sampled in the Sardinian province of Nuoro, Italy. We also investigated the sources of MS liability variability among shared environment effects, sex, and categorized year of birth (<1946, ≥1946). The latter can be considered a proxy for dif

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Androsova, Svetlana. "Allocation of liabilities between parties involved in shipping LNG from eastern Australia." APPEA Journal 53, no. 2 (2013): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12072.

Full text

Abstract:

LNG shipping tonnage represents about 400 vessels worldwide and it has high safety records compared with other types of tonnage. Serious attention to the operational safety of LNG vessels is dictated by their high value as assets, substantial time required to build new LNG vessels, limited availability of replacement tonnage on the market, heavy dependence of the LNG supply chain on shipping efficiency and reliability, and high costs of delay in LNG supply. Notwithstanding the high safety record of LNG vessels, shipping is historically considered a high-risk enterprise. Liability of shipowners

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Tomori, Atsuo. "Accident Prevention and Damage Reduction in an Extended Liability Scheme." Theoretical Economics Letters 05, no. 02 (2015): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/tel.2015.52029.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Dionne, Georges, and Sandrine Spaeter. "Environmental risk and extended liability: The case of green technologies." Journal of Public Economics 87, no. 5-6 (2003): 1025–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0047-2727(01)00160-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

MARTELLINI, LIONEL, and VINCENT MILHAU. "Dynamic allocation decisions in the presence of funding ratio constraints." Journal of Pension Economics and Finance 11, no. 4 (2012): 549–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474747212000194.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThis paper introduces a continuous-time allocation model for an investor facing stochastic liability commitments indexed with respect to inflation. In the presence of funding ratio constraints, the optimal policy is shown to involve dynamic allocation strategies that are reminiscent of portfolio insurance strategies, extended to an asset–liability management (ALM) context. Empirical tests suggest that their benefits are relatively robust with respect to changes in the objective function and the introduction of various forms of market incompleteness. We also show that the introduction o

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Chiu, Mei Choi, and Hoi Ying Wong. "Optimal Investment for Insurers with the Extended CIR Interest Rate Model." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/129474.

Full text

Abstract:

A fundamental challenge for insurance companies (insurers) is to strike the best balance between optimal investment and risk management of paying insurance liabilities, especially in a low interest rate environment. The stochastic interest rate becomes a critical factor in this asset-liability management (ALM) problem. This paper derives the closed-form solution to the optimal investment problem for an insurer subject to the insurance liability of compound Poisson process and the stochastic interest rate following the extended CIR model. Therefore, the insurer’s wealth follows a jump-diffusion

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Sinaga, Henry Dianto Pardamean, F. X. Adji Samekto, and Joni Emirzon. "TAX LIABILITY ARRANGEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL E-COMMERCE IN INDONESIA." Masalah-Masalah Hukum 52, no. 2 (2023): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mmh.52.2.2023.197-207.

Full text

Abstract:

International e-commerce has created challenges in terms of tax liability, referred to the study by Google-Temasek-Bain revealed that the combination of e-commerce had reached USD40 billion. Based on normative juridical method using new institutionalism theory, two conclusions are generated. First, the prevailing laws in Indonesia do not yet have a lex specialist that regulates tax liability regarding international e-commerce transactions. Second, it is important and urgent to reformulate secondary liability in tax laws that must cover the elements, exclusions, and standards. Reformulation of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Krebs, Beatrice. "ACCESSORY LIABILITY: PERSISTING IN ERROR." Cambridge Law Journal 76, no. 01 (2017): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197317000150.

Full text

Abstract:

IN Miller v The Queen [2016] HCA 30, the High Court of Australia (HCA) declined to follow the Privy Council and UK Supreme Court (UKSC) in abolishing the doctrine of extended joint criminal enterprise, as PAL is known in South Australia. Under the Australian doctrine, liability for murder is imposed where an individual “is a party to an agreement to commit a crime and foresees that death or really serious bodily injury might be occasioned by a co-venturer acting with murderous intention and he or she, with that awareness, continues to participate in the agreed criminal enterprise” (at [1]). Th

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Crosby, Cath. "Gross Negligence Manslaughter by Omission." Journal of Criminal Law 82, no. 2 (2018): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022018318761692.

Full text

Abstract:

There has been much academic debate concerning criminal liability for omissions and the extent to which such liability should be extended. The focus here concerns a recent, unreported, conviction for gross negligence manslaughter which raises the question of how far the courts and the Crown Prosecution Service are willing to blur existing boundaries of omissions liability and the established principles of causation. By scrutinising the current legal duties to act required for such liability to arise in the context of R v Bowditch, it will be demonstrated that we are moving incrementally toward

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Abraham, Kenneth S., and Paul C. Weiler. "Enterprise Medical Liability and the Choice of the Responsible Enterprise." American Journal of Law & Medicine 20, no. 1-2 (1994): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0098858800006419.

Full text

Abstract:

During the last year, the proposal of “enterprise” liability for medical malpractice became a major issue in debates about health care and malpractice reform. The idea, however, was not new. In scholarly work over an extended period, we have been developing the systematic case for the concept of enterprise — or, as we originally termed it, “organizational” — liability for medical malpractice. After several years of debating the critics of our proposal to shift the focus of liability for medical injury from individual physicians to the organizations that deliver health care, we were naturally g

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

McBride, Nicholas J., and Andrew Hughes. "Hedley Byrne in the House of Lords: an interpretation." Legal Studies 15, no. 3 (1995): 376–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1995.tb00526.x.

Full text

Abstract:

The House of Lords has now handed down decisions in six cases which have involved extended discussions of the scope of liability to compensate another for pure economic loss under the Hedley Byme principle. It seems reasonable to suppose that we can now arrive, on the basis of those decisions, at some conclusions as to when and why such liability arises. In this article we attempt to amve at such conclusions. In so doing we avoid using the usual terminology- ‘duty of care’, ‘proximity’, ‘just and reasonable’, ‘policy’, ‘reliance’, ‘assumption of responsibility’, ‘equivalent to contract’, even

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Kilina, I. V. "ON DIRECTIONS FOR REFORMING THE INSTITUTION OF ALTERNATIVE WAYS OF RESOLVING CRIMINAL LAW CONFLICTS." Ex Jure, no. 4 (2023): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2619-0648-2023-4-107-120.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract: the author analyzes the directions for reforming the system of alternative ways of resolving criminal law conflicts. The article illustrates the discrepancy between the goals of humanization of the criminal process declared by the legislator and the real results of reforming the institution of exemption from criminal liability. It is criticized the attempt to legally establish the special alternatives to criminal prosecution, which are extended to certain categories of criminal cases. It is concluded that it is necessary to create the system of alternative ways of resolving criminal

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Ćeranić-Perišić, Jelena. "Evolution of case law regarding the interpretation of the secondary liability standard in U.S. trademark law." Pravo i privreda 58, no. 3 (2020): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/pip2003141c.

Full text

Abstract:

Secondary liability, according to the general rules on liability, is based on the issue of conscientiousness, in other words whether the intermediary knew or should have known that the right was infringed through his service. In U.S. law, the secondary liability standard is a result of case law. This paper presents the evolution of case law regarding the interpretation of secondary liability standard in U.S. trademark law. This standard was announced by the U.S. Supreme Court in Inwood Laboratories Inc. v. Ives Laboratories Inc. regarding the liability of manufacturers and distributors. In the

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Korzeniowski, Piotr. "Zasada rozszerzonej odpowiedzialności producenta w prawie gospodarki odpadami." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica, no. 74 (January 1, 2015): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6069.74.11.

Full text

Abstract:

A principle of extended producer’s responsibility in the law of waste management pursues the following aims of the waste management: 1) the maximum decrease in the amount of waste in any type of business and human existence, 2) the immediate reuse of production waste in a manufacturing process, 3) recovery of raw materials from collected waste, 4) application of processes to dispose of waste, 5) orderly waste storage ensuring the least damage to the environment. The overriding objective of this principle is application of legal instruments encouraging producers to undertake activities which wi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Kershner, Susan Maidment. "Children v. Parents: A New Tort Duty-Situation for Psychiatric Injury?" Israel Law Review 35, no. 1 (2001): 79–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700012097.

Full text

Abstract:

SummaryRecognition of liability in negligence for personal injury, whether physical or psychiatric, is a question of public policy par excellence. In English tort law, public policy is a transparent judicial requirement in fixing liability even when negligence is established otherwise. In considering the tortious liability of a local authority to children in its care, the English House of Lords has, in obiter dicta, raised doubts as a matter of public policy concerning the enforceability of claims for damages by children against a parent for emotional neglect causing psychiatric injury. In Isr

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Soltész, Ulrich, and Maximilian Imgenberg. "Contagious financial injections: extended liability for the recover of illegal State aid." Competition Law & Policy Debate 6, no. 1 (2020): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/clpd.2020.01.10.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Soltész, Ulrich, and Maximilian Imgenberg. "Contagious financial injections: extended liability for the recover of illegal State aid." Competition Law & Policy Debate 5, no. 4 (2020): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/clpd.2019.04.10.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Hutchinson, Emma, and Klaas van 't Veld. "Extended liability for environmental accidents: what you see is what you get." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 49, no. 1 (2005): 157–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2004.03.003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Fedorov, Aleksandr V. "The Criminal Liability of Legal Entities in the Former Yugoslav Territory." Russian investigator 11 (October 31, 2018): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3783-2018-11-69-76.

Full text

Abstract:

The article is dedicated to review of laws of countries of the so-called Yugoslav criminal law group, which originated in the former Yugoslav territory. The article describes the concept of the former Yugoslav territory as the territory of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY), consisting of 10 entities: the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the Republic of Serbia, the Republic of Slovenia, the Republic of Croatia, the Republic of Montenegro, the State of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republic of Srpska, the Brčko District of Bo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Ulfbeck, Vibe. "Vicarious Liability in Groups of Companies and in Supply Chains - Is Competition Law Leading the Way?" Market and Competition Law Review 3, no. 2 (2020): 107–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7559/mclawreview.2019.2361.

Full text

Abstract:

The article discusses the concept of vicarious liability in the area of competition law. It argues that this concept is to some extent embedded in the concept of the undertaking under competition law with the consequence that parent companies – under certain conditions – can be held liable for competition law infringements committed by subsidiaries. The liability can be termed “vicarious” because it is imposed regardless of whether the parent company was involved in or ought to have had any knowledge of the competition law infringements committed by the subsidiary. Whereas such liability has u

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Goodhart, C. A. E., and R. M. Lastra. "Equity Finance: Matching Liability to Power." Journal of Financial Regulation 6, no. 1 (2020): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jfr/fjz010.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In this article we question the wisdom of limited liability for all equity holders in the case of banks and systemically important financial institutions (SIFIs), though our proposals could be extended to all public limited companies. Limited liability can be a major source of moral hazard and excessive risk taking—a privilege that allows shareholders to enjoy the upside from their commercial activity while limiting their exposure in the event of failure. We propose that there should be two different classes of equity for banks and SIFIs. The division should be between outsiders, with

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Goliadze, Natia. "Compulsory Motor Third Party Liability Insurance in Georgia." Caucasus Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (2023): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.62343/cjss.2015.145.

Full text

Abstract:

The risk arising from motor third party liability has a significant influence on the financial conditions of society. Accordingly, the question of the necessity and effectiveness of the obligatory form of third party car insurance and how it provides financial security for society by caring for the rights of society from the part of the state, is relevant. Compulsory insurance has to protect the insured from such risks that are very high and have serious consequences – this is the responsibility of the state. It also has to provide an extended liability (in this case the liability of body inju

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Witting, Christian. "THE CORPORATE GROUP: SYSTEM, DESIGN AND RESPONSIBILITY." Cambridge Law Journal 80, no. 3 (2021): 581–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197321000787.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractLungowe v Vedanta Resources plc presages more liberal criteria for determining when a parent company owes a duty of care to third parties injured by subsidiary activities. It invokes systems language and points to potential parent company liability for omissions in managing the group. This article develops these ideas. It portrays the corporate group in systems-managerial terms. The parent creates group-wide structures and deploys management strategies and integrating mechanisms that facilitate achievement of its purposes. It has a substantial causal influence upon subsidiary acts and

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Maes, Hermine H., Judy L. Silberg, Michael C. Neale, and Lindon J. Eaves. "Genetic and Cultural Transmission of Antisocial Behavior: An Extended Twin Parent Model." Twin Research and Human Genetics 10, no. 1 (2007): 136–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.10.1.136.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractConsiderable evidence from twin and adoption studies indicates that both genetic and shared environmental factors play a substantial role in the liability to antisocial behavior. Although twin and adoption designs can resolve genetic and environmental influences, they do not provide information about assortative mating, parent–offspring transmission, or the contribution of these factors to trait variation. We examined the role of genetic and environmental factors for conduct disorder (CD) using a twin–parent design. This design allows the simultaneous estimation of additive genetic, sh

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Koenig, Carsten. "Comparing Parent Company Liability in EU and US Competition Law." World Competition 41, Issue 1 (2018): 69–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2018004.

Full text

Abstract:

It is a well-established principle of EU competition law that parent companies can be fined for antitrust infringements by their subsidiaries. Under the new EU Directive on Antitrust Damages Actions, parent company liability is likely to be extended to private antitrust litigation. In the United States, in contrast, no fines are imposed on parent companies unless they are directly involved in an antitrust infringement. Moreover, US courts are reluctant to hold parent companies directly or indirectly liable in private damages suits. Against this background, I explore in this article the strikin

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Novendra, Bayu, and Kania Jennifer Wiryadi. "STRICT LIABILITY: A SOLUTION TO HOLD PEATLAND DESTROYERS ACCOUNTABLE." Sociae Polites 21, no. 2 (2020): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/sp.v21i3.2265.

Full text

Abstract:

In 2019, burned forests and peatlands reached 328 thousand hectares. The World Bank estimates that total loss from this event reached 5.2 billion USD. At least, until September 2019, there were 900,000 residents who experienced respiratory health problems and hundreds of schools in Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore had to stop teaching and learning activities due to the haze. One of the factors that ‘fertilizes’ problems for destruction of forests and peatlands that continue to grow is difficulty to account the perpetrator. This paper will attempt to answer and solve these problems with the co

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Ranieri, Stephen. "Extended Joint Criminal Enterprise in International Criminal Law." Journal of Criminal Law 80, no. 6 (2016): 436–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022018316675551.

Full text

Abstract:

This article examines the doctrine of extended joint criminal enterprise (‘JCE’) as a mode of liability within international criminal law (‘ICL’). The article first provides an overview of extended JCE based on its current expression in international customary law by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in the Tadić case. Consideration will then turn to the problems associated with the application of extended JCE. In particular, recent developments in the United Kingdom in the case of R v Jogee will be discussed, and the implications for the future of extended JCE in I

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Li, Shuang, Yu Yang, Yanli Zhou, Yonghong Wu, and Xiangyu Ge. "The Study of Mean-Variance Risky Asset Management with State-Dependent Risk Aversion under Regime Switching Market." Journal of Function Spaces 2021 (November 20, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5476781.

Full text

Abstract:

How do investors require a distribution of the wealth among multiple risky assets while facing the risk of the uncontrollable payment for random liabilities? To cope with this problem, firstly, this paper explores the approach of asset-liability management under the state-dependent risk aversion with only risky assets, which has been considered under a continuous-time Markov regime-switching setting. Next, based on this realistic modelling, an extended Hamilton-Jacob-Bellman (HJB) system has been necessarily established for solving the optimization problem of asset-liability management. It has

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Seshimo, Hiroyuki. "Optimal extended liability rule in a competitive financial market with heterogeneous borrower firms." Journal of Mathematical Economics 98 (January 2022): 102572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmateco.2021.102572.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Boyd, James, and Daniel E. Ingberman. "The “Polluter Pays Principle”: Should Liability be Extended When the Polluter Cannot Pay?" Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice 21, no. 2 (1996): 182–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/gpp.1996.13.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Salter, Alexander W., Vipin Veetil, and Lawrence H. White. "Extended shareholder liability as a means to constrain moral hazard in insured banks." Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 63 (February 2017): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2016.04.006.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Koen, L. "Opening Pandora’s Box: Strict Liability Under Unqualified Extended War Clauses in International Investment Law." BRICS Law Journal 10, no. 2 (2023): 68–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2023-10-2-68-100.

Full text

Abstract:

There has been a growing interest in the extent to which international investment law imposes an obligation on the state to compensate for losses arising from an armed conﬂict. This contribution explores the prevalence of war clauses that hold the state liable to pay compensation for war losses without the investor needing to prove fault. The contribution considers a recent case against Syria in which an investor was permitted to rely on such a war clause in another treaty through the most favoured nation (MFN) clause. The contribution ﬁnds that MFN clauses substantially increase the number of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Medvedeva, Maria, and Alejandro Portes. "Immigrant Bilingualism in Spain: An Asset or a Liability?" International Migration Review 51, no. 3 (2017): 632–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imre.12243.

Full text

Abstract:

This study contributes to the ongoing debate about bilingual advantage and examines whether bilingual immigrant youths fare better, as well as, or worse academically than the matching group of monolinguals. Using data from Spain, where close to half of immigrants speak Spanish as their native language, we found no evidence of costs of bilingualism: bilingual youths did benefit from their linguistic skills. Their advantage, however, manifested itself not uniformly across discrete outcomes, but in a direct trajectory toward higher educational attainment. Bilingualism neutralized the possible neg

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!