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Journal articles on the topic 'Extension and Production'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Yuniawan, Dani, Teruaki Ito, and Effendi Bin Mohamad. "306 Measurement of Production Line Performance Based on OEE Extension." Proceedings of Manufacturing Systems Division Conference 2014 (2014): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemsd.2014.57.

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2

Olabode, Deborah Adedoyin, Israel Ogunlade, and Kemi Funmilayo Omotesho. "Knowledge and attitude of farmers and extension agents to Bambara nut production in North-central Nigeria." Journal of Agriculural Research, Development, Extension and Technology 5, no. 1 (2023): 47–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10984077.

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A functional Bambara nut (<em>Vigna subterranea</em>) value chain requires an efficient production system built on stakeholders’ in-depth knowledge and positive attitude towards production. However, there is a dearth of empirical information on the knowledge and attitude of farmers and extension agents towards Bambara nut production. Therefore, this study assessed the knowledge of and attitude to Bambara nut production in North-central Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 428 respondents, comprising both extension agents and Bambara nut farmers. Data were collecte

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3

Olabode, Deborah Adedoyin, Israel Ogunlade, and Kemi Funmilayo Omotesho. "Knowledge and attitude of farmers and extension agents to Bambara nut production in North-central Nigeria." Journal of Agriculural Research, Development, Extension and Technology 5, no. 1 (2023): 47–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11136116.

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A functional Bambara nut (<em>Vigna subterranea</em>) value chain requires an efficient production system built on stakeholders’ in-depth knowledge and positive attitude towards production. However, there is a dearth of empirical information on the knowledge and attitude of farmers and extension agents towards Bambara nut production. Therefore, this study assessed the knowledge of and attitude to Bambara nut production in North-central Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 428 respondents, comprising both extension agents and Bambara nut farmers. Data were collecte

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4

Agbowuro, G.O. "FACTORS CONSTRAINING THE PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF PAWPAW (Carica papaya) IN EKITI STATE, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA." Continental J. Agricultural Economics 6, no. 2 (2012): 32–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.810356.

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The objective of this work is to identify and examine major factors constraining pawpaw production and marketing in Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria. Questionnaire schedule and personal interviews were used to collect data from ten Local Government Areas in the state. A total of 76 pawpaw farmers were randomly interviewed for this study. The study identified poor patronage in the market, poor marketing system, inadequate capital, poor price, inadequate extension services, poor transportation, exploitative role of middle men, insufficient marketing information, high cost of labour, high cost o

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Laband, David N., and Bernard F. Lentz. "Higher Education Costs and the Production of Extension." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 37, no. 1 (2005): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800007215.

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Do cost considerations justify the current structure of production of extension services in which one or more providers exists in virtually all of the contiguous U.S. states? Provision of extension services has sizable cost implications for the host institutions. Yet, to our knowledge, there has been virtually no analysis of the impact of extension on higher education costs. Using academic year 1995–1996 data, we estimate a multiproduct cost function for 1,445 public institutions of higher education in the United States, including 65 that provide extension services. We find evidence of signifi

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Bizualem, Assefa, and Guluma Abera. "Is Value Chain an Important Gap in Agricultural Extension Strategy of Ethiopia? Employers' Perspectives in Case of SNNPR and Oromia Regions." International Journal of Business Management and Technology 2, no. 6 (2023): 01–06. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7655476.

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The emerging trend for agricultural sector in the global market creates opportunities for smallholder farmers in the developing countries to benefit from such opportunities by linking their activities to value chains through vertical and horizontal linkages. Extension workers are poorly trained with the knowledge and skills of value chain to perform their pivotal roles in full since input provision until the consumption. Upgrading the technical and professional skills of development agents with respect to the value chain is very important; and in turn calls for academia mainly universities to

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7

Suwanti, Vivi, Suyanti Kasimin, and I. Ismayani. "Analisis Kinerja Penyuluh Pertanian Pada Program Upaya Khusus (Upsus) Peningkatan Produksi Padi, Jagung Dan Kedelai Di Kabupaten Aceh Besar." Agrifo : Jurnal Agribisnis Universitas Malikussaleh 4, no. 1 (2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/ag.v4i1.1543.

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This research aims to find out (1) the performance of agricultural extension (2) the achievement of rice, corn and soy production on UPSUS and (3) to analyze the relationship between the performance of agricultural extension to the program’s achievement and the relationship of knowledge, skill, motivation, manner, the distance of living place and agricultural facilities with the performance of the agricultural extension. Respondents were taken by using proportional simple random sampling based on Slovin’s. In the other hand, sample of the agricultural extensions were chosen from 2 Sub-district

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8

Chikaire, J., F.N. Nnadi, and –. Okereke N. Ejiogu. "THE IMPORTANCE OF IMPROVED EXTENSION LINKAGES IN SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA." Continental J. Animal and Veterinary Research 3, no. 2 (2011): 7–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.818058.

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The overall purpose of dissemination is to improve the availability of information to poor farmers, and for it to become knowledge which the farmer employs to help make appropriate decisions. This includes researcher-derived information as well as more general information that supports and enhances livestock production. The provision of this information on livestock production has in the past not usually been of high priority for centralized extension services in many developing countries. Extension services are usually designed around need to provide information on annual or perennial crops.

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9

Brennan, Timothy J., and Sheldon Kimmel. "Joint Production and Monopoly Extension through Tying." Southern Economic Journal 53, no. 2 (1986): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1059429.

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10

Singh, A. Shyam, Khajan Singh, Imtiwati, and Chandan Kumar. "Livestock production through extension education-A review." Agricultural Reviews 35, no. 1 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/j.0976-0741.35.1.001.

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11

Chapman, Kathy L., and Carolyn B. Mervis. "Patterns of object–name extension in production." Journal of Child Language 16, no. 3 (1989): 561–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900010722.

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ABSTRACTThe evolution of young children's categories, as measured by category name production, was studied. The focus was on categories whose names initially were overextended. Four children (initially aged 1; 1 to 1; 3) were visited at home twice a week over a four- to six-month period, until they were approximately 1;7. The play sessions included eli-citations of the names of specially chosen objects. Results indicated that, as predicted, four sequences of category evolution were found, formed by the intersection of two factors: overlap vs. mutual exclusivity and first re-assignment separate

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12

Jyoti, Meena*and Nirmal Singh Rajawat. "An Introduction of Market Led Extension." Science World a monthly e magazine 3, no. 7 (2023): 1689–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8192906.

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During last 50 years emphasis was given on PRODUCTION - LED EXTENSION [PLE]. India becomes self-reliant on food production. But the farmers at individual level are not realizing remunerative price for their produce. They prone to sell their produce “AS IS WHERE” basis. Globalization of the market demanded for paradigm shift i.e., from production to market led production.

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Shangshon, Bhakta Bdr, Anan Polthanee, Chaicharn Wongsamun, and Patcharee Suriya. "Impact of Agricultural Extension Services on Cereal Production among Rural Farmers in Bhutan." Journal of Agricultural Extension 27, no. 1 (2023): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i1.2.

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This study explored the impact of agricultural extension services on cereal production. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire from a random sample of 262 farmers from four regions (east, west, north, and south) in Bhutan. Farmers assessed the impact of extension services on five aspects of cereal production (cereal seed, social, environmental, production, and marketing aspects). Percentages and an ordered logistic model were used to analyse the data. The study found a low level of farmers’ participation in extension services. The social aspect of cereal production was the

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Sennuga, Samson Olayemi, Samuel Olusola Oyewole, and Ezinne Merianchris Emeana. "Farmers' Perceptions of Agricultural Extension Agents' Performance in Sub-Saharan African Communities." International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research 6, no. 5 (2020): 01–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3866089.

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<strong><em>Abstract</em></strong><strong>—</strong> <em>Considering the important role extension agents perform in the rural community, potential exists to measure the performance of extension workers from the smallholder perspective. The study investigated farmers’ perceptions of agricultural extension agents’ performance in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Data were collected with structured questionnaires distributed to 200 rural smallholder farmers and 20 agricultural extension agents using a multiple stage sampling technique. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the performa

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Tambi, D. M. and Mukum, M. E. "EXTENSION SERVICES AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MEZAM DIVISION, CAMEROON." Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology 4, no. 3 (2024): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v4i3.771.

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This study examined the role of extension service delivery on agricultural production in Mezam division, Cameroon. The objectives targeted are: to analyze the influence of agricultural extension service on agricultural production in Mezam Division and to verify the challenges associated with enhancing agricultural production. Methodologically, the study employed 2SLS technique to estimate the result. Primary data was collected among 200 farmers in the Mezam Division using a well-structured questionnaire via simple random sampling. The result shows that extension service delivery is strongly co

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Murdock, Edward C., Bruce W. Pinkerton, and James H. Palmer. "County agronomic crop production meetings: Perceptions of extension agents and extension agronomy specialists." Journal of Agronomic Education 19, no. 1 (1990): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jae1990.0081.

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17

Yasin, Yasin,, Haule, S.C., and Mvena, Z. S. K. "The State of Extension Services Provisions in Urban Areas of Tanzania: A Case of Vegetable Growers in Morogoro Municipality." Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports 18, no. 8 (2024): 68–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8710.

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In urban areas of Tanzania, the extension service framework is deficient, marked by a decreasingly small number of public extension personnel when compared with rural areas; hence, many farmers still face challenges in accessing and utilizing them effectively. Consequently, farmers lack appropriate knowledge and skills in vegetable production. This study therefore examined the implication of extension services to urban vegetable production. A mixed-method research design was used to collect data from 60 respondents. Questionnaires and interviews were used in the data collection process. Descri

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18

Ezeh, Ann Nnenna, Anayochukwu Victor Eze, and Esther Onyinyechi Eze. "Extension Agents’ Use of Mobile Phone Applications for Agricultural Extension Service Delivery in Ebonyi State Agricultural Development Programme, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Extension 25, no. 1 (2021): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v25i1.6.

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This study assessed extension agents’ use of mobile applications (apps) for extension service delivery in Ebonyi State Agricultural Development Programme (EBADP). The study involved 100 field extension agents. Percentage and mean score derived from 4-pointLikert-type scale was employed in the analysis of data. The results of the analysis showed that the most utilized mobile apps for extension service delivery were WhatsApp (76%) and facebook (53%). Lowland rice production (65%), cassava/maize/vegetable production (58%), and upland rice production (47%) were the most recommended packages of cro

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Muddassir, Muhammad, Mohamed Saleh Al Shenaifi, Hazem Salah Kassem, and Bader Alhafi Alotaibi. "Adoption of Improved Maize Production Technologies in Punjab Province, Pakistan." Journal of Agricultural Extension 24, no. 2 (2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v24i2.1.

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The study assessed farmers’ awareness and adoption of maize production technologies in Punjab Province, Pakistan. A simple random sampling technique was used to collect data from 120 farmers in the study area through personal interview using a structured interview schedule. The study found that 48.3% of the respondents had obtained information about agricultural practices from extension agents and that 65% of the respondents regularly visited the agricultural extension department. Furthermore, 62.5% of the respondents had a high awareness about improved maize cultivation practices and 53% had

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20

Mohammed, U., Umaru, A., and Ahmad, B. S. "TOURING THE GAP BETWEEN EXTENSION AGENTS, EXTENSION STRATEGIES, CAPACITY BUILDING AND CONSTRAINTS OF RICE PRODUCTION IN AGRICULTURAL ZONE IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology 2, no. 2 (2022): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v2i2.354.

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The study examined or assessed the gap between extension agents, extension strategies, capacity buildinga and constraints of rice production in agricultural zone of Niger State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting 48 respondents. Data were collected through the administration of questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study found that a participatory approach is not fully decentralized in planning, monitoring and evaluation of the agricultural extension programs to meet the demand-driven services of the farmers in the study area. Moreover, there i

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21

Kinwale, Jonathan Akinsola, and Tomipe Sunday Omobuwa. "Performance of Agricultural Extension Services at Enhancing Market-Oriented Cocoa Production in Ife-East Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Extension 26, no. 1 (2022): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i1.12s.

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The extent at which agricultural extension is rendering support towards ensuring market-oriented cocoa production formed the basis for this study. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to sample 76 cocoa farmers in Ife-East Local Government Area of Osun State. Radio was the mostly used (92.1%) extension communication channel by the extension agents. The most established linkage was found between farmers and agro-dealers (85.5%). The prominent activities performed by the extension agents toward market-oriented cocoa production were: training on production techniques ( x̅ = 3.62), establishing

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Akinwale, Jonathan Akinsola, and Tomipe Sunday Omobuwa. "Performance of agricultural extension services at enhancing market-oriented cocoa production in Ife-East Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Extension 26, no. 2 (2022): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i2.12s.

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The extent at which agricultural extension is rendering support towards ensuring market-oriented cocoa production formed the basis for this study. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to sample 76 cocoa farmers in Ife-East Local Government Area of Osun State. Radio was the mostly used (92.1%) extension communication channel by the extension agents. The most established linkage was found between farmers and agro-dealers (85.5%). The prominent activities performed by the extension agents toward market-oriented cocoa production were: training on production techniques (x̄ =3.62), establishing l

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Shako, Muhammed, Adunea Dinku, and Waktola Mosisa. "Constraints of Adoption of Agricultural Extension Package Technologies on Sorghum Crop Production at Smallholder Farm Household Level: Evidence from West Hararghe Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia." Advances in Agriculture 2021 (July 29, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6674606.

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An effective and efficient agricultural extension system can enhance the agricultural productivity and production of smallholders through the development of innovative, systematic, and farmer-owned agricultural extensions. This study identified major constraints of adoption of agricultural extension package technologies such as adoption of inorganic and organic fertilizers, improved seeds, row planting, and crop protection chemicals at smallholder household level on sorghum crop production. The study used cross-sectional survey data collected from 201 sample respondent household farmers. To an

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Frigon, Dominic, and Siavash Isazadeh. "Evaluation of a new model for the reduction of excess sludge production by ozonation of return activated sludge: what solids COD fraction is affected?" Water Science and Technology 63, no. 1 (2011): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.026.

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This paper aims at clarifying the effect of ozone on the RAS solids to model activated sludge systems equipped with RAS-ozonation processes for the reduction of sludge production. A common hypothesis is that ozone only affects active biomass by promoting cryptic growth. Data from a pilot-scale study were used to test this and two other model extensions to IWA-ASM3. All model extensions were able to simulate the observed linear reduction in sludge production with increasing ozone dose when the MLVSS are kept constant. However, model simulations showed the inconsistency of the cryptic growth hyp

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Effiong, JB, and CL Aboh. "Effectiveness of agricultural extension models in food crop production in Cross River State, Nigeria." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 24, no. 3 (2024): 25871–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.128.24285.

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This study assessed the effectiveness of agricultural extension models in food crop production in Cross River State. Specifically, the study described the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, identified the level of extension model activities in crop production and analyzed the effectiveness of agricultural extension models in the study area. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used in selecting respondents for the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, mean scores, percentages and standard devia

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Mohammed, Buba CHEKENE. "Assesement of Nigeria Agricultural Extension Services." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 8, no. 5 (2023): 932–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7964548.

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The Nigerian agriculture is growing sluggish with low production and productivity. This may be due poor agricultural and advisory service in the country. An overview of public and private agricultural extension service in promoting agricultural production and productivity for Nigerian economic growth is offered in this study. Major factors of agricultural extension were recognized and described in this paper. Major constraints to effective extension service delivery in improving agricultural productivity and production were discussed. Absent of legislative policy, weak funding and diversificat

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Souza, Tiago Zanquêta de. "A EXTENSÃO POPULAR E A PRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO CONVERSITÁRIO." Cadernos de Pesquisa 26, no. 2 (2019): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2229.v26n2p237-256.

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Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa de doutorado em educação que tem como prática social a extensão popular. O objetivo é apresentar uma reflexão em torno dessa prática, que aqui é compreendida como aquela que encaminha para a produção do conhecimento conversitário. É um estudo qualitativo-descritivo que se valeu, quanto aos meios para obtenção de dados, da pesquisa de campo e, como orientação analítica, da análise de conteúdo. Para isso, se estrutura a partir de uma abordagem crítica em torno da história da extensão universitária no Brasil, seguida de reflexões sobre a produção do conheciment

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Awiti, Abel. "Assessment of the contribution of agricultural extension services on sorghum production for improved food security among smallholder farmers in Rachuonyo North Sub-County, Homa Bay County, Kenya." International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) 25, no. 1 (2024): 9–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14029811.

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Agricultural extension services play a major role in improving production capacity more so in food crops. This study aimed at assessing the contribution of agricultural extension services on sorghum production for improved food security among smallholder farmers in Rachuonyo North Sub-County of Homa Bay County. Specifically, the study focused on: contribution of both private public extension services and influence of credit facilities on sorghum production for improved food security among the smallholder farmers in the study area. A descriptive research design was used. Semi-structured questio

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Yanuarius, Randi. "Peran Penyuluh Pertanian Dalam Peningkatan Produksi Tomat (Solanum Lycopersicum) di Desa Nitakloang, Kecamatan Nita, Kabupaten Sikka." Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan 10, no. 6 (2024): 1083–98. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11077240.

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<em>Efforts to increase agricultural production cannot be separated from the participation of agricultural extension workers. The existence of agricultural extension workers can help farmers in obtaining the necessary information and technology. The high and low productivity of a farm is influenced by the difficulty of farmers in adopting new technology. This study aims to determine the level of the role of agricultural extension workers to tomato farmers and the relationship between the role of agricultural extension workers in increasing tomato production (Solanum Lycopersicum) in Nitakloang

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SINGH, R. A., AMAR SINGH, DHARMENDRA YADAV, JITENDRA SINGH, and S. B. PAL. "Potato production through telecounselling mode of extension education." AGRICULTURE UPDATE 11, no. 4 (2016): 423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/au/11.4/423-426.

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Reiss, E., A. J. Both, S. Garrison, W. Kline, and J. Sudal. "SEASON EXTENSION FOR TOMATO PRODUCTION USING HIGH TUNNELS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 659 (November 2004): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2004.659.18.

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Ajakaiye, M. I. "EXTENSION STRATEGIES TO STIMULATE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 7, no. 1 (2021): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v7i1.2059.

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Jackson, A. W., and R. K. Dishman. "PERCEIVED FORCE PRODUCTION IN LEG EXTENSION AND FLEXION." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 30, Supplement (1998): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199805001-00031.

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Mixon, Franklin G. "Team production in economics: A comment and extension." Labour Economics 4, no. 2 (1997): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-5371(96)00028-0.

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York, Richard, and John Bellamy Foster. "The Treadmill of Production: Extension, Refinement, and Critique." Organization & Environment 18, no. 1 (2005): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1086026604270325.

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Zhou, J., S. Pal, S. Maiti, and L. A. Davidson. "Force production and mechanical accommodation during convergent extension." Development 142, no. 4 (2015): 692–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.116533.

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Sumarno, Jaka, Awaludin Hipi, Ari Widya Handayani, and Ari Abdul Rouf. "The Role of Agricultural Extension Worker and Babinsa TNI According to the Farmer's Perspective on The Implementation of Rice UPSUS Program in Gorontalo." Jurnal Penyuluhan 15, no. 2 (2019): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25015/15201925412.

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This study aims to analyze the role of Babinsa-TNI and field extension worker (PPL) assistance to the implementation of UPSUS programs and the success of UPSUS targets (increased production). The study was conducted at the UPSUS rice production center in Gorontalo Province, i.e; Bone Bolango District, Gorontalo Regency and North Gorontalo Regency. Sampling was done by simple random sampling method involving 162 respondent farmers during 2017. The measuring method to the role of Babinsa-TNI and field extension worker wasdone by Work Achievement Value Standard. The influence of Babinsa-TNI and f

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Kumar, Ashwani, and Surjeet Kumar. "Easurement the attitude and priority of farmers about privatization of extension in district of Meerut of western Uttar Pradesh." International Journal of Agricultural Invention 2, no. 01 (2017): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.46492/ijai/2017.2.1.17.

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At present we are facing the challenges of implication of WTO on Indian agriculture. Thus the extension would focus the quality cost of production, market led extension and cyber application in extension. These challenges require the change in present extension services. Private extension's filling up the gap which is created by the government extension agencies. This transition from resource based to technology based system agriculture however places greater responsibility upon the agriculture extension sector. Keeping in view the situation this study is carried out in district Meerut Four bl

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Faqtoni, Dicky Alfrima, Bekti Wahyu Utami, and Dwiningtyas Padmaningrum. "EVALUASI TEKNIK PENYULUHAN FASILITASI BALAI PENYULUHAN PERTANIAN PERIKANAN DAN KEHUTANAN (BP3K) DALAM PENERAPAN JAJAR LEGOWO DI KECAMATAN TERAS KABUPATEN BOYOLALI." AGRITEXTS: Journal of Agricultural Extension 43, no. 1 (2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/agritexts.v43i1.41629.

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The Agricultual Extension, Fisheries and Forestry Center facilitation aims to support accelerated national strategic food production.One of intensification national food production intended to intensifiction rice production. The effort intensifiction rice production directed to applying jajar legowo plantation techniques. This study aims to examine the components of extension techniques effectiveness applying jajar legowo plantation by agricultural extension center in Teras District. This research used basic method is descriptive qualitative. Location determination of this research is purposiv

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Krachkov, P. A., A. I. Milstein, O. L. Rezanova, and A. G. Shamov. "An extension of BDK event generator." EPJ Web of Conferences 212 (2019): 04010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921204010.

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An extension of the well known ee → 4l event generator of F. A. Berends, P. H. Daverveldt, and R. Kleiss is presented. This extension accounts for production of narrow resonances, as well as the initial state radiation. In addition, it allows one to simulate the production of l+ l−π+π− with the lepton pair and the pion pair in 1−− states.

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K M Fatty, Lamin, and Prof Idu Ogbe Ode. "The Impact of Agricultural Extension Service in Improving Vegetable Production in the West Coast Region of the Gambia." Journal of Agricultural Studies 5, no. 4 (2018): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v6i1.12559.

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The study attempts to look at the role of Agricultural Extension Services in the improvement of vegetable production. Six vegetables schemes in Western Region of the Gambia for agricultural extension support and non- agricultural extension services support schemes were selected. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select sixty women producers for all the six garden schemes and three Agricultural Extension Agents. Majority of the respondents highlighted inadequate water/irrigation facilities, high cost of farm inputs/implements and, pests and diseases as the major constraints to pr

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Rugarabamu, Orestes Medard, Joshua Samwel Kidudu, and Gosbert Lukenku Shausi. "Extension and the Adoption of Commercial Rabbit Production in Hai District." European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 5, no. 6 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2023.5.6.737.

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Extension is the term, which is open to many interpretations. Every extension personnel have a unique interpretation of extension, based on experience and agent’s field. Generally, there is no single definition of extension, which is accepted worldwide. Briefly, extension is informal educational process directed toward rural community. The process offers information and advice that help rural population to make their decisions and solve their challenges. The main aim is to improve productivity and hence better living standard of farming families. This paper aims to show the relationship betwee

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Sun, Shengyang, Chao Zhang, and Ruifa Hu. "Determinants and overuse of pesticides in grain production." China Agricultural Economic Review 12, no. 2 (2020): 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-07-2018-0152.

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Purpose The negative externalities of pesticide overuse increasingly concern the public. However, little empirical evidence has been provided for pesticide overuse and the relationship between the governmental agricultural extension system reforms and pesticide use in grain production from a nationwide perspective. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the productive effect and overuse of pesticides, and it also investigates the effect of the governmental agricultural extension system reforms on pesticide expenditure in rice, maize and wheat production in China. Design/methodology/approach

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Ariana, Soni, Ristina Siti Sundari, and Dona Setia Umbara. "PERAN PENYULUH PERTANIAN TERHADAP HASIL PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH DI DESA CIBUNIASIH KECAMATAN PANCATENGAH KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA." Mimbar Agribisnis: Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis 7, no. 2 (2021): 1474. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/ma.v7i2.5452.

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Extension is a non-formal learning process to provide knowledge, training, technology, capital, and change the behavior of farmers to be more independent in making decisions. The role of the extension agent in extension activities is as a guide, organizer, technician and consultant to help farmers develop farming and increase production. This study aims to determine the effect of the role of agricultural extension workers on the production of lowland rice in Cibuniasih Village. The research method used is a survey and interviews with 68 respondents, namely rice farmers in Buniasih Village, the

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Xu, Yuan, Qun Xiong Zhu, and Yan Qing Wang. "Research and Application of Extension CBR Fault Diagnosis Method for Process Production." Key Engineering Materials 467-469 (February 2011): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.467-469.389.

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To enhance the work efficiency and systematization degree of fault diagnosis for process production, an extension CBR fault diagnosis (ECFD) method is proposed in which the extension theory applies the formal model to expand the possibility of matter and explore the innovative principle, and the CBR technology provides the ways for solution based on the historical experiences. Considering the characters of the two technologies, some researches are made on the extension basic-element case-description, distance-based extension case-retrieval, and character difference-based extension case-revisio

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Manteaw, S. A., B. Y. Folitse, J. N. Anaglo, S. Mahama, and N. A. Mingle. "The dynamics of agricultural extension delivery along the value chain: Assessment of agricultural extension activities of MMDAs in Ghana." Ghana Journal of Agricultural Science 55, no. 2 (2020): 70–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjas.v55i2.6.

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This paper assessed agricultural extension delivery in 216 metropolitan, municipal and district assemblies (MMDAs) in Ghana. It examined the extent of balance and the nature of extension delivery with respect to input supplying, production, processing and marketing. A survey of Heads of the Department of Agriculture in 80 MMDAs randomly selected nationwide was conducted using structured questionnaires. The data were triangulated with in-depth interview sessions with farmers, regional extension officers and private extension providers. The study showed a production-oriented nature of extension

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PONNUSAMY, K., and K. PACHAIYAPPAN. "Strengthening extension research in animal husbandry: review of issues and strategies." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 88, no. 2 (2018): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v88i2.79229.

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The crucial role played by animal husbandry extension resulted in 8.5 times increase in milk production, 43 times in egg production and 13 times in fish production since 1950s in India. However, extension especially its research component is often criticized for its inability to respond to changing ground realities in production and socio-economic scenario. Several studies, deliberations in seminars and conferences and viewpoints of experts and policy makers often emphasise the reorientation of extension research from diffusion and communication dimension to more of action oriented experimenta

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Kelly, John F., Bernard H. Zandstra, and Norman L. Myers. "GROWER SELF-EVALUATION AS AN EXTENSION TOOL." HortScience 28, no. 5 (1993): 525a—525. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.525a.

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A self-administered response to production-related questions, based on the most recent recommendations for the production of asparagus, was used to identify strengths and weaknesses of growers on an individual or group basis. Points were assigned to the various responses, and growers were evaluated relative to the group of respondents. Individual grower evaluation summaries were returned to the county horticultural agent for use in individual grower consultations. This report discusses the specific issues related to asparagus production and presents factors to be considered in preparing and ev

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Alzahrani, Khodran, Mubashar Ali, Muhammad Imran Azeem, and Bader Alhafi Alotaibi. "Efficacy of Public Extension and Advisory Services for Sustainable Rice Production." Agriculture 13, no. 5 (2023): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13051062.

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Agriculture is an integral constituent of Pakistan’s economy and the primary source of livelihood for nearly 65% of the population living in rural areas. Rice is the second major staple food after wheat and a significant source of foreign exchange earnings through Basmati exports. Pakistan has established an extensive network of agricultural extension to educate the farming community about modern agricultural practices for enhancing the agricultural productivity of major food crops grown in the country. The present study was undertaken to evaluate rice farmers’ views about public extension ser

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Oke, O. S., M. O. Nosiru, A. A. Ogunbela, et al. "Assessment of Extension Officers Contribution to Cocoa Production in Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 7 (2020): 1123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i7.1.

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This study was carried out to evaluate the extension officer contribution to cocoa production in Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used, where two hundred and sixteen questionnaires were distributed in Osun and Ondo state , the information gathered were analyzed using descriptive statistic such as; frequency and percentage, while chi-square analysis was used to analyze the data obtained. From the results, married (77.6%), male (84.0%), secondary school holders (52.0%), between 40-49 (34.4%) years old farmers were seen as the highest cocoa producers. Extension training(64.0%), commerci

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