Relevant bibliographies by topics / Extension procedures

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Extension procedures'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Extension procedures"

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Nagy, Gabriel, Martin Brunner, Oliver Lüdtke, and Samuel Greiff. "Extension Procedures for Confirmatory Factor Analysis." Journal of Experimental Education 85, no. 4 (December 9, 2016): 574–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2016.1260524.

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Dodds, R. H., M. Tang, and T. L. Anderson. "Numerical procedures to model ductile crack extension." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 46, no. 2 (September 1993): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(93)90286-2.

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Causey, Beverley D., and Kirk M. Wolter. "Extension of Wolter and Causey's Evaluation of Procedures." Journal of the American Statistical Association 86, no. 416 (December 1991): 1153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1991.10475166.

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Unger, Martin G. "Advantages and Disadvantages of the Unger PÂTÉ Procedure." American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 14, no. 2 (June 1997): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074880689701400211.

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This paper relates the results of the author's first 75 Unger PÂTÉ procedures. The technique of PÂTÉ (prolonged acute tissue expansion) has continued to be highly successful and, in this paper, is compared to both the Unger modified major scalp reduction (MMAR) and scalp extension using a Frechet extender. The advantages of the PÂTÉ procedure, including an important new use, are compared with those of both MMAR and scalp extension. Similarly, the disadvantages are also compared with those of each of these two procedures. The Unger PÂTÉ procedure has continued to gain an increasingly important role in the author's practice because, on average, 136% more scalp tissue is excised with it than with MMAR. By the same token, most patients prefer PÂTÉ to scalp extension because only one surgical procedure is required, and only slightly less tissue is removed in total. The author continues to highly recommend the Unger PÂTÉ procedure for suitable candidates.
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Legalov, Alexander, Pavel Kosov, and Igor Legalov. "Using identical signature procedures for evolutionary extension of programs." Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences, no. 1 (March 20, 2015): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2015-1-41-51.

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Paine, Neil R. "An Extension of Nurmi's Summary Analysis of Voting Procedures." British Journal of Political Science 18, no. 2 (April 1988): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000712340000510x.

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Nurmi has analysed a number of voting procedures with respect to various criteria. The purpose of this Comment is to extend Nurmi's analysis to include the so-called social utility method of candidate selection. This method assumes that each voter has a von Neumann-Morgenstern utility function defined over all candidates (i.e., that, roughly speaking, each voter can assign a cardinal rating to each candidate); then the winning candidate is the one with the greatest utility total.
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Feldmann, Rodney M. "Photographic procedures." Paleontological Society Special Publications 4 (1989): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200005311.

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Preparation of appropriate photographs is absolutely essential in conveying paleontological information. The effort expended in adequate cleaning and preparation of specimens is not only reflected in exposing the detail of material so that it can be properly described but also in permitting the morphologic information to be transmitted to others through photography. Therefore the purpose of this chapter is to describe the general procedures involved in preparing high quality, publishable photographs because special techniques related to photography of microfossils will be treated elsewhere, the emphasis within this chapter will be upon photography of macrofossils, specimens large enough to be photographed using a normal spectrum of photographic lenses and extension tubes. Because nearly all paleontological material is illustrated as black and white photographs, no reference will be made to the preparation of color illustrations.
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Seagraves, Frank E., and Michael Horvat. "Comparison of Isometric Test Procedures to Assess Muscular Strength in Elementary School Girls." Pediatric Exercise Science 7, no. 1 (February 1995): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.7.1.61.

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The purpose of this investigation was to compare isometric test procedures (make vs. break tests by muscle groups) with elementary school girls, ages 9–11, using hand-held dynamometry. Fifty subjects in Grades 3 and 4 performed three trials on four muscle groups using each testing procedure following a preliminary session to allow familiarity with the instrumentation, test procedures, and test positions. Retest measurements were taken in 5–7 days with the order of the test procedures counterbalanced. Four 2 × 2 (Side × Test Condition) AM0VAs, with repeated measures on each-factor, were used to analyze the data. Significant Side × Test Condition interaction effects were evident for knee extension, elbow flexion, and shoulder abduction. Except for the knee extension, the break test produced higher values than the make test in all muscle groups, which is in agreement with previous investigations.
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Chen, Liang Yu, Chung Cheng Su, and Ren Haw Chen. "Influences of Process Conditions on Stretching Characteristics of Crystalline Polymer Film." Advanced Materials Research 939 (May 2014): 342–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.939.342.

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Developing the interior structures of polymer films is essential for creating novel functions of such films. This study investigates the effects of extension parameters and processing procedures on the super-structure of a polypropylene (PP) film. An biaxial extension device is also designed and fabricated to analyze the effects of annealing, extension temperature, extension rate and other parameters on the super-structures of PP films. Based on super-structure analyses, the relationships between extension parameters and film structures are determined, and an extension process that involves a second time stretching procedure is suggested. Experimental results indicate that void structures can be generated by biaxial extension at the interface between the crystalline and amorphous regions in a film. The mechanical strength of the film is also affected by stretching and become highly oriented. Although a low extension temperature can increase the number of void structures generated at a low extension ratio, structure sizes are dispersed. Additionally, voids with uniform size can be obtained when the film is stretched at a high temperature; however, it needs a high extension ratio to promote the formation of void structures. As for annealing treatment, when the annealing temperature increased, the size and quantity of the spherulites that were formed in films by annealing also increased, but these films tend to have similar sizes and numbers of void structures. Based on the experimental results, this study also describes how parameters influence the void structures of a PP film created during the extension process. Analysis results further demonstrate how extension parameters and processing procedures can be adjusted to improve the fabrication of PP films.
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Choi, Hongjoon, Daewook Kim, Yeong Hun Kang, and Jong Ho Park. "Effectiveness of the Plantar Aponeurosis Release for Limitation of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Extension after Hallux Valgus Surgery." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 2473011417S0001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000138.

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Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: Even though stiffness of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (1MTP) is not a common complication, reduced dorsiflexion range of motion at the 1MTP after surgery for hallux valgus was reported as a complication. However, few clinical studies have investigated this issue and no clinical resolution has been reached thus far. We hypothesized that tightness of the gastrocnemius-plantar aponeurosis complex is one of the factors that limits the extension of 1MTP after hallux valgus surgery. Thus, an additional procedure of the plantar aponeurosis release during hallux valgus surgery may improve the range of extension at 1MTP. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of plantar aponeurosis release in improving the range of extension when a limitation is detected after hallux valgus surgery. Methods: Thirteen patients (17 feet) with limited 1MTP extension after hallux valgus surgery, underwent an additional procedure of plantar aponeurosis release. The inclusion criterion was limitation of 1MTP extension showed more than 15 degrees difference between knee extension and flexion position, measured after completing all procedures of the hallux valgus surgery. The passive range of 1MTP extension was evaluated by a goniometer while the first metatarsal head was supported with a palm, assuming a weightbearing position with knee extension and flexion, after completing all procedures of the hallux valgus surgery (Barouk test). A silfverskiold test was performed in all cases preoperatively. The weightbearing dorsoplantar and lateral radiographs of the foot were performed to measure the hallux valgus angle, intermetatarsal angle, distal metatarsal articular angle, and the talo-first metatarsal angle. Results: The mean range of 1MTP extension significantly improved from 2.53 degrees to 40.88 degrees in the knee extension position (p<0.0000). The mean range of the 1MTP extension also improved from 18.24 degrees to 43.24 degrees in the knee flexion position. The silfverskiold test was positive in 12 cases. In all patients, congruence of 1MTP was corrected. There were no surgery-related complications such as plantar aponeurosis rupture or nerve injury. Conclusion: Our study supports tightness of the gastrocnemius-plantar aponeurosis complex is one of the factors that limit the extension of 1MTP after hallux valgus surgery. Hence, plantar aponeurosis release can be considered as an effective additional procedure to improve the range of 1MTP extension when a limitation is presented after hallux valgus surgery.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Extension procedures"

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Cao, Jun. "A Random-Linear-Extension Test Based on Classic Nonparametric Procedures." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2009. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/48271.

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Statistics
Ph.D.
Most distribution free nonparametric methods depend on the ranks or orderings of the individual observations. This dissertation develops methods for the situation when there is only partial information about the ranks available. A random-linear-extension exact test and an empirical version of the random-linear-extension test are proposed as a new way to compare groups of data with partial orders. The basic computation procedure is to generate all possible permutations constrained by the known partial order using a randomization method similar in nature to multiple imputation. This random-linear-extension test can be simply implemented using a Gibbs Sampler to generate a random sample of complete orderings. Given a complete ordering, standard nonparametric methods, such as the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, can be applied, and the corresponding test statistics and rejection regions can be calculated. As a direct result of our new method, a single p-value is replaced by a distribution of p-values. This is related to some recent work on Fuzzy P-values, which was introduced by Geyer and Meeden in Statistical Science in 2005. A special case is to compare two groups when only two objects can be compared at a time. Three matching schemes, random matching, ordered matching and reverse matching are introduced and compared between each other. The results described in this dissertation provide some surprising insights into the statistical information in partial orderings.
Temple University--Theses
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SIEMOENS, SHERYL L. "CLASS-WIDE INTERVENTIONS FOR CHALLENGING BEHAVIORS: AN EXTENSION OF PASSKEY PROCEDURES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin983480626.

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Dimapilis, Ben. "Service line extension| Acquisition of fluoroscopy equipment to supplement pain management procedures." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1598635.

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Managed care through a series of comprehensive health care services is a trend in today’s healthcare; and it includes specialized services that can provide plenty of opportunities to many healthcare organizations. Private Medical Service of San Diego currently does not have the necessary medical equipment to provide a comprehensive pain management and the ability to retain availability and flexibility to grow at its own pace and convenience. The new business plan is to acquire fluoroscopic equipment that will be staged in-house to equip its interdisciplinary pain management program. This will help increase the efficacy and safety of the pain management procedures as well as a potential for good profit.

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Barker, Patricia Lee. "The role and procedures of local advisory councils in planning educational programs within the Alaska Cooperative Extension Service." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74751.

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This study was undertaken to determine the differences and relationships between current and ideal advisory councils of the Cooperative Extension Service in Alaska, as perceived by council members and Extension agents. Responses to a written questionnaire were compared to determine differences in perceptions between the groups, with conclusions generalized only to the population of council members and agents in Alaska. Data were gathered and analyzed on both current and ideal advisory councils in three areas; roles of councils, operational procedures affecting councils, and attitudes of members and agents. These areas were divided into a total of 12 categories based upon information from a review of the literature. Council members and agents differed in their view of current councils, however, both agreed that orientation and training of councils was limited, as were resources allocated for council use. Members revealed a need for clarification of roles and authority of current councils. Agents indicated a division of opinion in attitudes about current Extension advisory councils, with less than half of agents having positive attitudes. Advisory council members and agents perceived ideal councils encompassing all categories covered in the study. Attitudes about ideal councils were positive with both groups. When matched against a model council drawn from the literature, current Alaska Extension advisory councils fell short. Alaska CES councils were seen as functioning, but not as closely to the ideal as perceived by members and agents, or as suggested in the literature. An improvement in council/staff shared decision making in all roles and operational procedures identified in the study would lead to more positive attitudes and to increased involvement in program planning by advisory councils.
Ed. D.
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Thomas, Adrain L. "Accounting for correlated artifacts and true validity in validity generalization procedures : an extension of model 1 for assessing validity generalization." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28967.

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Hongcheng, Li. "Multivariate Extensions of CUSUM Procedure." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1185558637.

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Seager, Mark Thomas. "Extensions to the data reconciliation procedure." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9255.

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Bibliogaphy: leaves 148-155.
Data reconciliation is a method of improving the quality of data obtained from automated measurements in chemical plants. All measuring instruments are subject to error. These measurement errors degrade the quality of the data, resulting in inconsistencies in the material and energy balance calculations. Since important decisions are based on the measurements it is essential that the most accurate data possible, be presented. Data reconciliation attempts to minimize these measurement errors by fitting all the measurements to a least-squares model, constrained by the material and energy balance equations. The resulting set of reconciled measurements do not cause any inconsistencies in the balance equations and contain minimum measurement error. Two types of measurement error can occur; random noise and gross errors. If gross errors exist in the measurements they must be identified and removed before data reconciliation is applied to the system. The presence of gross errors invalidates the statistical basis of data reconciliation and corrupts the results obtained. Gross error detection is traditionally performed using statistical tests coupled with serial elimination search algorithms. The statistical 'tests are based on either the measurement adjustment performed by data reconciliation or the balance equations' residuals. A by-product of data reconciliation, obtained with very little additional effort, is the classification of the system variables. Unmeasured variables may be classified as either observable or unobservable. An unmeasured variable is said to be unobservable if a feasible change in its value is possible without being detected by the measurement instruments. Unmeasured variables which are not unobservable are observable. Measured variables may be classified as either redundant, nonredundant or having a specified degree of redundancy. Nonredundant variables are those which upon deletion of the corresponding measurements, become unobservable. The remaining measured variables are redundant. Measured variables with a degree of redundancy equal to one, are redundant variables that retain their redundancy in the event of a failure in any one of the remaining measurement instruments.
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Di, Toro Andrea. "Registrazione e replicazione di procedure Web con una Firefox Extension." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/1866/.

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In questo lavoro di tesi è stata sviluppata una Firefox Extension per la registrazione e la replicazione di procedure sul Web. Si tratterà a fondo l’ambiente tecnologico nel quale è stata sviluppata l’applicazione e il contesto in cui si inserisce una Firefox Extension. Illustreremo il problema che intendiamo risolvere con la nostra estensione,il contesto applicativo in cui si inserisce e riporteremo una serie di lavori correlati che cercano, con diversi approcci, di risolvere il nostro stesso problema. Illustreremo il lavoro trattando approfonditamente l’approccio da noi utilizzato, mostrandone i vantaggi e i limiti.
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Hammouri, Hanan. "Review and Extension for the O’Brien Fleming Multiple Testing procedure." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3260.

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O'Brien and Fleming (1979) proposed a straightforward and useful multiple testing procedure (group sequential testing procedure) for comparing two treatments in clinical trials where subject responses are dichotomous (e.g. success and failure). O'Brien and Fleming stated that their group sequential testing procedure has the same Type I error rate and power as that of a fixed one-stage chi-square test, but gives the opportunity to terminate the trial early when one treatment is clearly performing better than the other. We studied and tested the O'Brien and Fleming procedure specifically by correcting the originally proposed critical values. Furthermore, we updated the O’Brien Fleming Group Sequential Testing procedure to make it more flexible via three extensions. The first extension is combining the O’Brien Fleming Group Sequential Testing procedure with the Optimal allocation, where the idea is to allocate more patients to the better treatment after each interim analysis. The second extension is combining the O’Brien Fleming Group Sequential Testing procedure with the Neyman allocation which aims to minimize the variance of the difference in sample proportions. The last extension is that we can allow for different sample weights for different stages, as opposed to equal allocation for different stages. Simulation studies showed that the O’Brien Fleming Group Sequential Testing procedure is relatively robust to the added features.
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Aronhalt, Taylor W. "Effects of Patellar Reconstruction Procedures on Extensor Torque Output of the Human Knee Joint." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1205158977.

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Books on the topic "Extension procedures"

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William, Schane, United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Undersea Research., and Chinese Underwater Technology Institute, eds. Chisat I, extension and validation of NOAA's REPEX procedures for habitat diving: A Chinese-American collaboration. [Silver Spring, Md.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, Office of Undersea Research, 1990.

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Finance, United States Congress Senate Committee on. Extension of fast track legislaive procedures: Hearing before the Committee on Finance, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, first session, March 14, 1991. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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1946-, Bush George W., and United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means, eds. Request for an extension of the trade promotion authority procedures: Message from the President of the United States transmitting consistent with section 2103(c)(2) of the Trade Act of 2002, a letter requesting Congress to extend trade promotion authority procedures for two years, and a report prepared by the Administration on trade negotiations conducted under these procedures. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2005.

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United States. President (1989-1993 : Bush). The extension of fast track procedures: Message from the President of the United States transmitting a report that includes his request for the extension of fast track procedures for the consideration of implementing legislation with respect to trade agreements entered into after May 31, 1991, and before June 1, 1993, together with a description of the progress made to date in bilateral and multilateral trade negotiations ... Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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United States. President (1989-1993 : Bush). The extension of fast track procedures: Message from the President of the United States transmitting a report that includes his request for the extension of fast track procedures for the consideration of implementing legislation with respect to trade agreements entered into after May 31, 1991, and before June 1, 1993, together with a description of the progress made to date in bilateral and multilateral trade negotiations .... Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Disapproving the request of the President for extension of the fast track procedures under the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 and the Trade Act of 1974: Report (to accompany S. Res. 78). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Trade. President's request for extension of "fast track" procedures for Uruguay Round implementation and possible administration requests for extensions of expiring trade programs: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Trade of the Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, April 27, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1993.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Trade. President's request for extension of "fast track" procedures for Uruguay Round implementation and possible administration requests for extensions of expiring trade programs: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Trade of the Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, April 27, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1993.

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Saitō, Sanrō. Extensions of iterative proportional fitting procedure and I-projection modeling. Fukuoka-shi: Kyūshū Daigaku Shuppankai, 1998.

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Saitō, Saburō. Extensions of iterative proportional fitting procedure and I-projection modeling. Japan: Kyushu University Press, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Extension procedures"

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Raatz, Stan. "An Equational Extension." In Graph-Based Proof Procedures for Horn Clauses, 77–87. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3556-4_6.

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Koehl, M., M. Heck, Bo Carlsson, K. Möller, U. Frei, and S. Brunold. "Development of Accelerated Life Testing Procedures for Solar Absorber Coatings." In Ageing Studies and Lifetime Extension of Materials, 537–44. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1215-8_60.

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Armando, Alessandro, Maria Paola Bonacina, Silvio Ranise, and Stephan Schulz. "On a Rewriting Approach to Satisfiability Procedures: Extension, Combination of Theories and an Experimental Appraisal." In Frontiers of Combining Systems, 65–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11559306_4.

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Keronen, Seppo. "Non-procedural logic programming." In Extensions of Logic Programming, 183–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58025-5_56.

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Chentsov, A. G., and S. I. Morina. "Non-Anticipating Procedures of Control and Iteration Methods for Constructing Them." In Extensions and Relaxations, 307–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1527-0_6.

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Cupelloni, Luciano. "Restorative Design for Heritage Requalification: Selected Roman Works." In Future City, 227–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71819-0_12.

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AbstractThe theme is the urban re-qualification, applied in particular to the architectural heritage and the public space. The goal is the ongoing challenge of outlining a new perspective aimed at “common good” and sustainability. The instrument chosen is the “environmental technological design,” understood as a cultural, scientific, and social position, that is, as a position on the role of architecture. The contribution reiterates the urgency of restoring the transformative power of the design mission to the project, too often reduced to a set of technical compilation procedures. In the best cases, a position that is lost in the complication of procedures, in the extension of time, in the waste of economic and human resources. A crisis of the project as “anticipation” of progressive scenarios, precisely in the most acute, ever more serious phase, of the urgency of the reorganization of urban systems, with a view to environmental, social and economic sustainability. Not a recent urgency, today only brought to light, dramatically, by the reality of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Among the solutions, the design experimental research, well beyond the objective of flexibility, up to the notion of “functional indifference,” understood not as shapeless neutrality, but as the maximum functionality of spatial, architectural and urban quality.
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Harwood, Paul, and Peter V. Giannoudis. "Common Extensor Origin (Tennis Elbow)." In Practical Procedures in Orthopedic Surgery, 17–18. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-817-1_6.

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Stärk, Robert F., Joachim Schmid, and Egon Börger. "The procedural extension JVMC of JVMI." In Java and the Java Virtual Machine, 147–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59495-3_10.

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Stärk, Robert F., Joachim Schmid, and Egon Börger. "The procedural extension JavaC of JavaI." In Java and the Java Virtual Machine, 47–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59495-3_4.

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Jobczyk, Krystian, and Antoni Ligeza. "Multi-valued Extension of Putnam-Davis Procedure." In Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing, 454–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59060-8_41.

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Conference papers on the topic "Extension procedures"

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Stiel, Leonard, Ernest L. Baker, and Daniel Murphy. "Extension of jaguar procedures for new gaseous species." In SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2011: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3686387.

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Yang, Xiaochen, Reid C. Thompson, Rohan Vijayan, Ma Luo, Logan W. Clements, Benoit M. Dawant, and Michael I. Miga. "Trackerless surgical image-guided system design using an interactive extension of 3D Slicer." In Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling, edited by Robert J. Webster and Baowei Fei. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2295229.

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Rhee, H. Chong. "Crack Extension Effects on Welding Residual Stress in Fitness for Service Assessment." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10309.

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In the fitness for service assessment of a welded component with crack like defect, the current industry practices treat the welding residual stress in the same way as the applied operating stress in calculating the crack driving force. Although a growing crack should release the welding residual stress, the same initial residual stress is used in calculating the stress intensity factor solution regardless of the crack depth. Such procedures should result in too conservative solutions, since the crack extension effect on welding residual stress release is ignored in the crack driving force calculation. The present paper discusses the current state of the industry code and standard procedures for welded component defect assessment with a practical example problem solution, along with detailed discussions on the effects of crack growth on the welding residual stress. The objective of the paper is to motivate the industry to improve the code and standard procedures for the weld defect assessment. Also it presents a comparison of crack-like defect assessment results between the current industry procedure and one of newly proposed crack driving force calculation procedures for a crack growing in welding residual stress field, considering the welding residual stress release effects of growing crack. Recommendations for improving the industry code and standard procedures for the weld area defect assessment are provided based the investigation.
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Hong, Jeong K. "Crack Extension Effects on Welding Residual Stress in Fitness for Service Assessment of Crack-Like Defect in Weld." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-55023.

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The current industry code and standard fitness-for-service assessment (ICS FFSA) procedures ignore the release of the welding residual stress (WRS) in defect assessment of a crack growing in a WRS field. Doing so can result in overly restrictive results in the ICS FFSA of an engineering component. The current ICS FFSA procedures have produced compendiums of WRS distributions and stress intensity factor (SIF) solutions that are characterized by the joint geometry and welding parameters. It is also known that these distributions are based on extensive numerical analyses and provide upper bound estimates; therefore, these types of solutions do not necessarily satisfy the self-equilibrating state. In this investigation, through-wall WRS distributions from the literature data, including measurements and finite element analysis (FEA) results for girth welded pipes, are compared to the representative ICS FFSA WRS procedures. Also, the WRS and SIF solutions using the proposed procedure are compared to those using the ICS FFSA procedures employing 2D and 3D models. From the investigation, it is observed that the ICS FFSA procedures show discrepancies for certain conditions and the levels of conservatism are dependent on the model geometry, boundary constraint condition, crack size, and crack shape. For some cases, the estimations provided from the ICS FFSA procedures are not conservative compared to the reference solutions from literatures and FEA simulations. As a continuous study of the previous investigation [OMAE 2015-41319], the objective of the present paper is to motivate the industry to improve ICS FFSA procedures by clarifying the ambiguous technical issues of crack-like defect assessment in weld regions.
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Chen, Guohua, and Bonuan Chen. "Procedures on Fracture Toughness Estimation Safety Assessment and Life Extension for In-Service High Pressure Vessels." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2979.

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Based on the typical in-service high pressure vessels made of PCrNi3MoVA for producing synthetic crystal, a systematic technology of material fracture toughness estimation, structural integrity assessment, and life extension is carried out for the in-service equipment with the following aspects: macroscopically and microscopically analyzing, the tests including KIC, AKV, FATT (50%), the predicting method of fracture, system safety assessment, and the life extension technology. Some practical conclusions can be obtained from the test and analysis as follows: The main failure factors for this kind of high pressure vessels include heat treatment processes, temper brittleness, and stress corrosion; It is found that the value of FATT (50%) increased very significantly; The comparison between the test results and the predicted results of the value of KIC is also performed, and it is shown that the value of KIC of in-service equipment can be estimated by the formula presented by Barsom-Rolfe or in API 579 with the value of AKV, The test temperature is recommended at least to reach 25 C (or room temperature) for the repaired vessels; The life extension technologies are put forward for this kind of in-service super-high pressure vessels.
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MAJALIWA, Aklan, and Fatuma SIMBA. "Development of Extension Procedures to Enhance web-based e-Government System with SMS Mobile Based Service." In 2019 IST-Africa Week Conference (IST-Africa). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/istafrica.2019.8764888.

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Vaughan, Neil, Venketesh N. Dubey, Michael Y. K. Wee, and Richard Isaacs. "Spine Flexion and Extension Model for Epidural Simulator." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35709.

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The aim of this research was to create novel computer graphics models of the human spine which can bend, flex and twist. The model aims to realistically duplicate the shape of the spine during various sitting positions adopted by patients during epidural anaesthesia and surgery. The extent of bending and flexing is kept within the limits of spine flexibility. Also the model vertebrate adapt in size and shape to match weight and height of specific patient bodies. The flexible spine model can be of benefit to epidural simulators which require accurate models of spinal vertebrae for needle insertion procedures.
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Iannucci, Steven, and Suyi Li. "Pneumatic Extension Actuators With Kirigami Skins." In ASME 2020 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2020-2219.

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Abstract Soft pneumatic actuators have found many applications in robotics and adaptive structures. Traditionally, these actuators are constructed by wrapping layers of reinforcing helical fibers around an elastomeric tube. This approach is versatile and robust, but it suffers from a critical disadvantage: cumbersome fabrication procedures. Wrapping long helical filaments around a cylindrical tube requires expensive equipment or excessive manual labor. To address this issue, we propose a new approach towards designing and constructing pneumatic actuators by exploiting the principle of kirigami, the ancient art of paper cutting. More specifically, we use “kirigami skins” — plastic sleeves with carefully arranged slit cuts — to replace the reinforcing helical fibers. This paper presents an initial investigation on a set of linear extension actuators featuring kirigami skins with a uniform array of cross-shaped, orthogonal cuts. When under internal pressurization, the rectangular-shaped facets defined by these cuts can rotate and induce the desired extension motion. Through extensive experiments, we analyze the elastic and plastic deformations of these kirigami skins alone under tension. The results show strongly nonlinear behaviors involving both in-plane facet rotation the out-of-plane buckling. Such a deformation pattern offers valuable insights into the actuator’s performance under pressure. Moreover, both the deformation characteristics and actuation performance are “programmable” by tailoring the cut geometry. This study lays down the foundation for constructing more capable Kirigami-skinned soft actuators that can achieve sophisticated motions.
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Anderst, William J., Thomas P. Lacek, William F. Donaldson, Joon Y. Lee, and James D. Kang. "Cervical Disc Height During Dynamic In Vivo Flexion-Extension." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53154.

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Cervical disc degeneration is a common and potentially debilitating disease. Over 100,000 surgical procedures are performed per year in the US to treat degenerative cervical spines1. However, the in vivo kinematics and arthrokinematics of the cervical spine have yet to be adequately characterized due to the inability to precisely track vertebral movement during dynamic motion. We have recently established the validity of a set of tools, including a biplane x-ray system, a model-based tracking technique and custom software, to precisely measure in vivo cervical spine kinematics and arthrokinematics with sub-millimeter accuracy2. Consequently, we can now begin to investigate the interdependent relationship between cervical vertebral kinematics and disc morphology and mechanical properties.
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Cravero, Sebastian, and Claudio Ruggieri. "Further Extension of the Unloading Compliance Method to Measure J-R Curves Based on CMOD Data." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64014.

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Laboratory testing of fracture specimens to measure resistance curves (J-Δa) have focused primarily on the unloading compliance method using a single specimen. Current estimation procedures (which form the basis of ASTM 1820 standard) employ load line displacement (LLD) records to measure fracture toughness resistance data incorporating a crack growth correction for J. An alternative method which potentially simplifies the test procedure involves the use of crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) to determine both crack growth and J. This study provides further developments of the evaluation procedure for J in cracked bodies that experience ductile crack growth based upon the eta-method and CMOD data. The methodology broadens the applicability of current standards adopting the unloading compliance technique in laboratory measurements of fracture toughness resistance data (J resistance curves). The developed J evaluation formulation for growing cracks based on CMOD data provides a viable and yet simpler test technique to measure crack growth resistance data for ductile materials.
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Reports on the topic "Extension procedures"

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Bradner, S., and T. Narten. Procedures for Protocol Extensions and Variations. Edited by B. Carpenter. RFC Editor, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4775.

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Freed, N., and J. Klensin. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Four: Registration Procedures. RFC Editor, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4289.

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Freed, N., J. Klensin, and J. Postel. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Four: Registration Procedures. RFC Editor, November 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2048.

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Li, Z., S. Peng, M. Negi, Q. Zhao, and C. Zhou. Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) Procedures and Extensions for Using the PCE as a Central Controller (PCECC) of LSPs. RFC Editor, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc9050.

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Groeneveld, Andrew B., Stephanie G. Wood, and Edgardo Ruiz. Estimating Bridge Reliability by Using Bayesian Networks. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39601.

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As part of an inspection, bridge inspectors assign condition ratings to the main components of a bridge’s structural system and identify any defects that they observe. Condition ratings are necessarily somewhat subjective, as they are influenced by the experience of the inspectors. In the current work, procedures were developed for making inferences on the reliability of reinforced concrete girders with defects at both the cross section and the girder level. The Bayesian network (BN) tools constructed in this work use simple structural m echanics to model the capacity of girders. By using expert elicitation, defects observed during inspection are correlated with underlying deterioration mechanisms. By linking these deterioration mechanisms with reductions in mechanical properties, inferences on the reliability of a bridge can be made based on visual observation of defects. With more development, this BN tool can be used to compare conditions of bridges relative to one another and aid in the prioritization of repairs. However, an extensive survey of bridges affected by deterioration mechanisms is needed to confidently establish valid relationships between deterioration severity and mechanical properties.
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