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Journal articles on the topic 'External and internal debt'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Obravyt, Viktoriia, and Viktoriia Koilo. "Comparative analysis of internal and external national debt of Ukraine taking into account the impact factors." Public and Municipal Finance 6, no. 1 (2017): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/pmf.06(1).2017.05.

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In this paper, scientific and methodological approaches as for interpreting the notion “national debt of the country” as a whole are systematized, the essence of “internal national debt” and “external national debt” in particular is clarified. Critical analysis of the state and dynamics of the national debt of Ukraine during 2006-2015 was performed. Dynamics of the extent of internal and external national debt of the country was studied and their comparative analysis was performed. Detailed structure of both internal part of the debt and its external part is presented. With the help of correla

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2

Gurung, Abin, and Deepak Prasad Rijal. "External Debt and Internal Debt Impact on the Growth of the Nepalese Economy." Open Journal for Research in Economics 6, no. 1 (2023): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojre.0601.02013g.

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The study examines the relationship between internal debt, external debt, and economic growth in Nepal. Debt plays a crucial role in capital formation that contributes to economic growth. Therefore, this study aims to examine the influence of internal and external debt on Nepal's economic growth between mid-July 1975 and mid-July 2022, utilizing the Ordinary Least Square method to determine the relationship between the variables, Augmented Dickey-Fuller techniques to test for unit root, and Granger causality test to establish causation between GDP, external debt, and internal debt. The unit ro

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3

Fijoh, Kalu, and Ikechukwu Boniface Iheaturu. "Empirical Analysis of the Effect of Public Debt on the Economic Growth of Nigeria." Economics and Business Quarterly Reviews 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.06.01.482.

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For adequate economic growth and development, a country’s savings may not equate her desired investments in goods and services. When deficit exist, a country will always bring out means to finance the deficit. Such financing in most cases is through debts from both internal external sources. The objectives of the study are to determine the effect of public debts proxied as internal debts, external debts and interest rate on economic growth proxied as gross domestic product. The study applied ex-post facto design with secondary data as instrument for data collection. Multiple regression m

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Jesson, Rey F. Sabado, Rose R. Tagalog Jezyl, L. Sarmiento Ellieza, and B. Gaquit Arabella. "The Effects of Government Borrowing to Investment Growth of the Country." JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES 07, no. 02 (2024): 1273–84. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10695251.

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Government borrowing has emerged as one significant method that helps in mobilization of resources for economic growth especially in emerging economics. Most governments in developing economies resort to borrowing as a way of financing budget deficit. This paper identifies the effects of government borrowing to investment growth in the Philippines. Specifically, it presented the trend of gross domestic product, internal debt, and external debt from 1990-2020. The study used Johansen Co-integration, Granger Causality, and Vector Autoregression (VAR) models to analyze this study. Johansen’

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Alawneh, Ateyah. "The Impact of Public Expenditure and Public Debt on Taxes: A Case Study of Jordan." Accounting and Finance Research 6, no. 3 (2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/afr.v6n3p10.

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The study aimed to estimate the impact of capital expenditure, current expenditure and external and internal public debt on taxes in Jordan during the period 2001–2014. It adopted the multiple linear regression method by E-views program to study the impact of the independent variables (represented by capital expenditure, current expenditure, external and internal public debit) on the dependent variable (taxes). The statistical analysis showed a statistically significant, positive impact of both the capital expenditure and the current expenditure on taxes. The study also found a statistically s

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6

Sapkota, Piamber. "Effects of Public Debt on Economic Growth of Nepal." Lumbini Journal of Business and Economics 11, no. 1 (2023): 343–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ljbe.v11i1.54340.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of public debt dividing into internal and external debt on economic growth rate of Nepal using time series data from 1990 – 2021 A.D. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is employed to investigate the effect as well as long – run and short – run relationship between economic growth and public debt. It is found that in long run, effect of internal debt upon the economic growth rate of Nepal is negative. Similarly, the long run effect of external debt upon the economic growth rate is positive and significant. The short run effect analysis result

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7

Ahmad, Eatzaz. "A Qualitative Analysis of Pakistan’s External and Internal Debt." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 16, Special Edition (2011): 123–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2011.v16.isp.a6.

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This paper discusses how poor debt management combined with the policies of donor agencies (particularly the IMF) have brought on the present domestic and foreign debt crises. The paper presents a qualitative account of the debt in Pakistan and then analyzes the debt data using various debt burden indicators. After the analysis of the economic and social costs of debt overhang in Pakistan, it is found that net foreign resource flows to the private and public sectors tended to crowd out private and public savings respectively and that public savings is crowded out by resource flows from the pri

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Tsvirko, S. E. "PROBLEMS OF PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN RUSSIA." Strategic decisions and risk management, no. 6 (October 25, 2014): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2078-8886-2013-6-56-63.

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The problems of the Russia’s debt management are revealed. Evolution of the public debts’ problem of the Russian Federation including the question of its interaction with private debts is discussed. Risks in debt sphere are analyzed. Specific features of the Russian economy such as the dependence on world energy prices, low efficiency of public expenditures, rapid growth of internal public debts and external quasi-sovereign and private debts are defined. Principles of debt management and areas of improvement in the system of Russia’s debt management were defined.

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9

Naeem, Javeria, and Sadia Sherbaz. "Indebtedness and Poverty: The Case of Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 55, no. 4I-II (2016): 823–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v55i4i-iipp.823-835.

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Since the advent of Neolibralism, debt has been construed as means of policy reforms to achieve stability, liberalisation and recovery from shocks. However, the other side of the picture has been either ignored or underappreciated. That is the human cost of indebtedness. Whether internal or external, indebtedness may have significant implications for the living conditions of the masses, as it leads to substantial deviation of resources towards debt management. This paper attempts to assess the impact of indebtedness on poverty for Pakistan. The impact of total, internal and external debt on po

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Nisa, Zaib. "Relationship between External Domestic Debt and Economic Growth." International Journal of Economic Policy 3, no. 2 (2023): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijecop.1567.

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Purpose: Pakistan is surrounded by serious socio-economic problems. Due to the low tax base and double deficit, Pakistan has to rely on internal and external capital flows. Foreign capital flows are not easily accessible, but domestic capital flows are always accessible Methodology: The study investigates the effects of domestic debt on economic growth in Pakistan by applying the OLS technique Findings: The study indicates that the stock of domestic debt positively affects economic growth in Pakistan. This clearly means that the resources generated through internal debt have been partially use

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11

Velmurugan., PS, and Ranjan Sahoo Jyoti. "Public Debt, Current Account Deficit and Economic Growth: A Study on Indian Context." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 9, no. 3 (2020): 594–601. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.B4072.099320.

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External debt and internal debt form main components of the public debt structure in India. India’s debt profile shows increasing external debt and simultaneously increasing the deficit in current account which have impact on economic growth of India. Our study assesses the impact of India’s Gross External Debt (GED), Internal Debt (IND) and Current Account Deficit (CAD) on economic growth (GDP) by using time series data from 1998-99 to 2018-19. We intend to find long-run as well as short run relationship between the variables with the help of Eviews software. Stationarity of data

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Moroz, Ivanna. "Peculiarities of public debt management policy in the United States of America: experience for Ukraine." ScienceRise, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 58–67. https://doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2021.002040.

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The object of research is the policy of public debt management of the United States of America and Ukraine. The problem solved is the low level of efficiency of the policy of public external and internal debt management of Ukraine in the context of financing economic growth. The main scientific results: based on the analysis of the policy of public debt management of the United States of America, it has been proved, that the public debt and the US budget deficit should be perceived not as a problem or threat to macroeconomic stability, but as a tool to stimulate economic growth. It is substant

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13

Møen, Jarle, Dirk Schindler, Guttorm Schjelderup, and Julia Tropina Bakke. "International Debt Shifting: The Value-Maximizing Mix of Internal and External Debt." International Journal of the Economics of Business 26, no. 3 (2019): 431–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13571516.2019.1599189.

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Usarovich, Juraev Pakhlavonjon. "Priority Directions in The Management of Public Debt in The Republic Of Uzbekistan." Journal of Management and Economics 5, no. 5 (2025): 34–38. https://doi.org/10.55640/jme-05-05-08.

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This article discusses the significance of public debt in the development of the national economy and social infrastructure. It outlines the economic essence of public debt and presents scholarly conclusions by economists regarding the causes of its emergence. The article explores the advisory guidelines provided by international financial organizations concerning internal and external debt norms. Analytical data on Uzbekistan’s external and internal debt are provided. Furthermore, proposals and recommendations on the effective management of debt are formulated.

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Phiri , Millicent Mubiana, and Borniface Namushi Tembo . "Statistics of Economic Growth in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Rwanda." Journal of Statistics and Mathematical Concepts 1, no. 1 (2023): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.58425/jsmc.v1i1.126.

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Purpose: This study sought to analyze how economic growth in developing countries is influenced by public borrowing referencing on Rwanda as a case study. Methodology: The study used time series data from 1980 to 2018. The study used domestic debt and external debt to analyze how it influences Rwanda’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). To achieve this objective, secondary data was collected from the National Bank of Rwanda and the debt office in Rwanda. The study employed multiple regression model to identify the relationship between the dependent variable (GDP) and the independent variables (dome

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Phiri, Millicent Mubiana, and Borniface Namushi Tembo. "Analysis of how Economic Growth in Developing Countries is Influenced by Public Borrowing: A Case Study of Rwanda." American Journal of Finance and Business Management 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.58425/ajfbm.v1i1.20.

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Purpose: This study sought to analyze how economic growth in developing countries is influenced by public borrowing referencing on Rwanda as a case study.  Methodology: The study used time series data from 1980 to 2018. The study used domestic debt and external debt to analyze how it influences Rwanda’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). To achieve this objective, secondary data was collected from the National Bank of Rwanda and the debt office in Rwanda. The study employed multiple regression model to identify the relationship between the dependent variable (GDP) and the independent variable

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17

de Bassa, Carlo, Edoardo Grillo, and Francesco Passarelli. "Sanctions and incentives to repudiate external debt." Journal of Theoretical Politics 33, no. 2 (2021): 198–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0951629820984851.

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Often foreign countries levy sanctions in the attempt to foment discontent with a hostile government. But sanctions may provoke costly reactions by the leaders of the target country. This paper presents a model in which sanctions exhaust the target country economically and impair its government’s fiscal capacity. Then, an office-motivated leader may find it convenient to default on foreign debt in order to free resources that she can invest to regain internal political support. The default thus becomes a defensive tool to partially dampen the internal political turmoil sanctions generate.

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18

Almeida, Heitor, and Murillo Campello. "Financing Frictions and the Substitution between Internal and External Funds." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 45, no. 3 (2010): 589–622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109010000177.

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AbstractAmple evidence points to a negative relation between internal funds (profitability) and the demand for external funds (debt issuance). This relation has been interpreted as evidence supporting the pecking order theory. We show, however, that the negative effect of internal funds on the demand for external financing is concentrated among firms that are least likely to face high external financing costs (firms that distribute large amounts of dividends, that are large, and whose debt is rated). For firms on the other end of the spectrum (low payout, small, and unrated), external financin

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19

Nylund, Petra A., Nuria Arimany-Serrat, Xavier Ferras-Hernandez, Eric Viardot, Henry Boateng, and Alexander Brem. "Internal and external financing of innovation." European Journal of Innovation Management 23, no. 2 (2019): 200–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejim-09-2018-0207.

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Purpose Successful innovation requires a significant financial commitment. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the relation between internal and external financing and the degree of innovation in European firms. Design/methodology/approach An empirical investigation is carried out using a longitudinal data set including 146 large, quoted, European firms over ten years, resulting in 1,460 firm years. Findings The authors find that only firms in the energy sector will be more innovative when they are profitable. For the sectors of basic materials, manufacture and construction,

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20

Saefudin, Didin, Iis Anisa Yulia, and Eha Wahidhani. "The Influence of Internal and External Factors on Growth Profits." Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan 12, no. 3 (2024): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v12i3.1490.

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This study aims to determine the influence of internal and external factors on the profit growth of food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2022. Internal factors are represented by the debt to equity ratio and current ratio and external factors are represented by inflation and interest rates. The population of this research is 44 companies and the research sample is 22 companies using purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques are through documentation techniques by downloading financial reports via idx.co.id and the company website. Data analysis

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21

Engefu, Christine Kabwoya, Kevin Odhiambo Adika, Douglas Kisilu Mutua, Kevine Otieno, and Isack Okumu Akeet. "Regression Analysis of the Effects of Debt on Economic Performance in Kenya." African Scientific Annual Review 1, Mathematics 1 (2024): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.51867/asarev.maths.1.1.3.

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This study investigates the impact of debt on economic performance in Kenya, focusing on both internal and external debt. Using regression analysis and correlation techniques, data from 2000 to 2021 was analyzed to understand the relationship between debt levels and economic growth indicators such as GDP. The findings reveal a nuanced relationship: while internal debt shows a positive association with economic growth, external debt demonstrates a negative association. Effective debt management strategies are crucial to mitigate adverse effects, including monitoring debt levels, negotiating fav

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S.A., Oshadare, Ashamu S.O., Raheem A.N., Ojeaga P., and Ajayi J.A. "Value Creation through Public Debt and Economic Growth of Nigeria." Scholedge International Journal of Business Policy & Governance ISSN 2394-3351 5, no. 7 (2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.19085/journal.sijbpg050701.

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<p>The study examined the effect of value creation through public debt on economic growth in Nigeria between 1986 and 2016 using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). The variables used in the study are a real gross domestic product, internal debt, external debt and Total debt service of Nigeria. They were tested for stationarity using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Philip Perron test. The result showed that the variables are stationary at first differencing. Co-integration test was also performed and the result revealed the presence of co-integration between public debt and economic g

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Demianchuk, Olha, and Olha Panova. "DEBT SECURITY OF UKRAINE." Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, "Economics" Series 1, no. 32(60) (2024): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2024-32(60)-69-74.

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This study scrutinizes Ukraine’s debt security amidst internal and external challenges, including war impacts and geopolitical shifts. It dissects the escalation of national debt and its configuration, focusing on repercussions for the economy and national equilibrium. Recommendations are proposed for expediting economic growth, refining debt administration, and equilibrating the debt acquisition framework. Background: From 2009 to January 2024, Ukraine witnessed its state debt mushroom from UAH 316,884.6 million to a staggering UAH 5,154.47 billion. Notably, external liabilities constituted 6

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Tahir, Pervez. "The Debt of the Nation." Pakistan Development Review 37, no. 4II (1998): 331–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v37i4iipp.331-353.

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The debt of the nation comprises two parts, the external debt and the internal debt. After rapidly accumulating arrears of external debt in the post-sanctions period, Pakistan has had to seek re-scheduling of her external debt as part of a financing and reform package negotiated with the IMF. While re-scheduling has not been sought for the first time, the rising burden of this debt has generated a serious debate for the first time. In the heat of this debate, the heavier burden of the costlier internal debt has been nearly ignored. Although this paper takes account of the totality of the debt

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Dr., David Annan. "The Influence of Internal Debt on Trade Balance and International Policy Objectives: A Conceptual Perspective." International Journal of Management and Economics Invention 11, no. 01 (2025): 3801–6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14607918.

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Abstract : This paper explores the intricate relationship between internal debt, trade balance, and international policy objectives, providing a conceptual perspective on how these elements interact within the broader economic framework. Internal debt, defined as the borrowing undertaken by governments from domestic sources, plays a pivotal role in shaping economic conditions and policy outcomes. The study examines how variations in internal debt levels can influence a nation's trade balance through mechanisms such as currency valuation, interest rates, and inflation. Furthermore, it highlight

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León Serrano, Lady Andrea. "Deuda externa y crecimiento económico de México, período 2002-2014." ECA Sinergia 10, no. 3 (2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/eca_sinergia.v10i3.1882.

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 México es uno de los países más influyentes de América Latina, por el avance comercial, manejo crediticio y de crisis económicas, a pesar de tener índices de endeudamiento externo altos, es considerada una economía emergente. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de estudio es conocer el impacto de la deuda externa en el crecimiento económico de México, período 2002–2014. Se ha considerado variables macroeconómicas con la aplicación de modelos econométricos como regresión bivariado y múltiple, los datos corresponden al Anuario Estadístico de América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL). Los resultados evid

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Balyuk, I. A., and M. A. Balyuk. "External Debt Problem in the European Union." World of new economy 15, no. 2 (2021): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2021-15-2-47-61.

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The paper's relevance is substantiated by the fact that today a rapid growth of external debt of the most developed countries of the world (including European Union (EU) countries) is one of the most acute problems of the modern world economy and global finance. The paper aims to assess the degree of the external debt burden of various EU countries and evaluate the prospects of solving external debt problems in the EU. The article focuses on dynamics, composition, and specifics shaping the EU countries' external debt based on comparative, economic, statistical, and graphical analysis. Special

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Ani, Thomas Maduabuchi, Alex Onyeji Igwe, and Anthony Okorie Nwabuisi. "Government Debt and Social Infrastructural Development in Nigeria." European Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Research 12, no. 1 (2024): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ejaafr.2013/vol12n1116.

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The study is to determine the effect of Nigeria debts on social infrastructure in Nigeria. This study utilizes ex-post facto research design. Secondary data were used and were extracted from the Annual Report and Statement of Accounts drinking companies in Nigeria. The variables tested were external debt, internal debt, debt service, are independent variables while expenditure on education and expenditure on health are dependent variables. The model is multiple regression analysis used in determining the extent of the effect on expenditure on education and expenditure on health. The relative s

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Tile, Augustino, Harold M. L. Utouh, and Jennifer Kasanda Sesabo. "External Debts as Panacea to Economic Growth Challenges in Selected Eastern African countries: An Application of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model." SCIENCE MUNDI 4, no. 1 (2024): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51867/scimundi.4.1.3.

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Foreign aid has significantly influenced medium- and long-term development initiatives in Eastern African countries. Project aid and non-project aid are the two main categories that describe foreign economic assistance (loans, credits, and grants). The primary aim of foreign aid has been to supplement the internal resources needed to quicken the economic development of the nations in Eastern Africa. This study investigated the influence of external debt on the economic growth of Eastern African countries (Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania) using the autoregressive distributive lag m

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Zadoia, Oleksandr A. "GOVERNMENT DEBT AS A THREAT TO THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMIC SECURITY." Academic Review 2, no. 55 (2021): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2021-2-55-3.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of absolute and relative indicators of Ukraine’s public debt in order to identify threats to its economic security. A critical analysis of the “Guidelines for calculating the level of economic security of Ukraine” in terms of assessing external threats and substantiated proposals for their improvement. The dynamics of total public debt in general and external debt, in particular, has been specially studied; the ratio of public debt to GDP and the state budget; public debt service costs. Particular attention is paid to the IMF composite index, which allows

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Tahmat, Tahmat, and Imelda Melindyana. "INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS ON STOCK RETURNS: EVIDENCE FROM THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE." Multifinance 2, no. 2 (2024): 59–69. https://doi.org/10.61397/mfc.v2i2.259.

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This study aims to determine the macroeconomic effect as measured by inflation, interest rates, world oil, exchange rate, and company financial performance as measured by the debt-to-equity ratio, debt-to-asset ratio, return on equity, and earnings per share on return in the LQ45 stock group on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2011–2022. The population in this study was 45; based on the purposive sampling technique, we obtained a sample of 15 companies. This type of research is quantitative with secondary data; the method used is panel data regression analysis using the Common Effec

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Moroz, Ivanna. "Peculiarities of public debt management policy in the United States of America: experience for Ukraine." ScienceRise, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2021.002040.

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The object of research is the policy of public debt management of the United States of America and Ukraine. The problem solved is the low level of efficiency of the policy of public external and internal debt management of Ukraine in the context of financing economic growth. The main scientific results: based on the analysis of the policy of public debt management of the United States of America, it has been proved, that the public debt and the US budget deficit should be perceived not as a problem or threat to macroeconomic stability, but as a tool to stimulate economic growth. It

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RESHETNYK, N.I. "Financial problems of ukraine in the context of sustainable development concept." Market Relations Development in Ukraine №9(208) 167 (November 11, 2018): 49–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1482882.

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The article represents the advantages of internal debt to external debt and their mutual influence on banking policy, incomes, population’s savings and adequate assessment of workforce from the standpoint of sustainable development concept.  

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Shiyalini, Sathanantham, and Kanesh Suresh. "The impact of public debt on domestic and foreign direct investments in developing market: An ARDL bounds testing approach." Corporate Law and Governance Review 4, no. 1 (2022): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/clgrv4i1p1.

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This research investigates the effect of the components of state government debts (domestic and external debts) on the various forms of investment (domestic investment and foreign direct investment — FDI) in Sri Lanka both in the short and long terms applying the ARDL bounds testing approach over the period, 1980–2020. The previous research has revealed that higher internal and external government borrowing lowers domestic investments in both the short and long terms, confirming the crowding-out effect of public debt on the volume of domestic investment of our country. The research discovered

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), Mariana Man, Macri Maria, and Bogdan Ravas ). "The evolution of government debt internal and external to Romania in the current economic context generated by the economic crisis." International Journal of Management Sciences and Business research ISSN (2226-8235) 2, no. 2 (2013): 01–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3413877.

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The objective of the hereby work is to identify, within public debt, the prevailing part played by the two components of governmental public debt, namely internal governmental public debt and external governmental public debt, while considering both components as extremely important for the economic administration of a country in the present day context of financial crisis. With a view to make clear the analyzed phenomenon, we have employed an important amount of statistic data in order to carry out the research dealing with the dynamics of Romania’s governmental public debt during the p

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Petrukha, Serhii, Nina Petrukha, Roman Miakota, and Dmytro Matsenko. "Public Debt Policy and Debt Security in the Context of Post-War Recovery." Oblik i finansi, no. 2(108) (2025): 67–78. https://doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2025-2(108)-67-78.

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Debt security is a critically important component of the state's financial security. In wartime, Ukraine significantly increased its public debt, faced a significant budget deficit, and began to attract international financial assistance to finance strategically important areas. All these processes require updating the financial and credit policy principles and implementing long-term financial stability instruments. This study aims to identify the main trends in the development of Ukraine's public debt policy in the context of the challenges of martial law and post-war economic recovery to out

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Amalia, Dian Arista, and Norman Duma Sitinjak. "Peranan tax avoidance dan good cooperative governence terhadap cost of debt pada perusahaan property dan real estate yang tedaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmiah Bisnis dan Perpajakan (Bijak) 2, no. 2 (2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/j.bijak.v2i2.5430.

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ABSTRACTCompanies cannot always rely on internal funds to finance operational activities. Often external funds are needed to support company activities. External sources that are often used are debt. The consequence of using debt is the cost of debt. Creditors use tax avoidance and Good Corporate Governance considerations in making loan decisions to debtors. This study examines the role of tax avoidance and good corporate governance on debt costs. The result of this research is that tax avoidance has a positive effect on cost of debt, while institutional ownership and audit committee have a si

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Kenneth, O. Ahamba, O. Ozor Jude, O.R. Ogwuru Hycenth, et al. "Impact of Public Debt on Economic Growth in Nigeria: Evidence from Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 08, no. 05 (2025): 3483–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15487118.

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This paper examined the impact of public debt on economic growth in Nigeria from 1990 to 2023. The objectives are to determine the impact of domestic debt, external debt and public debt service payments on gross domestic product (GDP) in Nigeria. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test indicates that the variables are stationary at levels, I(0) and at order one, I(1). The study applied the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to secondary data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin, National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), and Debt Management Office (DMO). Th

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Wu, Wenjun. "Corporate ESG Performance and Cost of Debt Capital." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 9 (June 13, 2023): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v9i.7764.

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The impact of corporate ESG performance on the cost of debt capital is examined using A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2007 to 2021 as the research sample. The empirical results show that ESG performance has a significant negative relationship with the cost of debt capital, i.e., firms can reduce their cost of debt capital by improving ESG performance. It is further found that ESG performance has a stronger effect on reducing the cost of debt capital for non-state-owned enterprises than for state-owned enterprises; ESG performance has a more significant effect on reducing

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Petyk, L. O., S. I. Tsiunyk, and Y. V. Kovalchuk. "The Current State of the Public Debt in Ukraine and Prospects of Using Foreign Experience in Public Debt Management." Business Inform 12, no. 527 (2021): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-12-225-231.

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The article is devoted to an important component of the country’s financial security –public debt. The formation of governmental borrowing is caused by the State’s need for additional financial resources. These resources are used to ensure the fulfillment of all tasks set before the State aiming to ensure economic and social prosperity. Improperly developed policy of public debt management will undermine the financial security of the State. To analyze the state of public borrowing, the following indicators were considered: the volume of total, external and internal public debt of Ukraine from

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Grau-Vera, David, and Francisco Sogorb-Mira. "What Determines Intragroup Debt Financing? Spanish Evidence." Revista de Contabilidad 27, no. 1 (2024): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/rcsar.479961.

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In this paper, we examine the determinants of internal or intragroup debt financing and its relationship with other debt funding alternatives, especially external debt. We perform a panel data analysis with a sample of 787 non-financial Spanish companies actively financing their operations with intragroup debt during the six-year period between 2013 and 2018. Our results show that intragroup debt positively depends on size and asset’s tangibility, but it is negatively related to profitability, age, and growth. We also find that greater intragroup debt funding substitutes a reduction in externa

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Maggy, Maggy, and Patricia Diana. "Internal and External Determinants of Audit Delay: Evidence from Indonesian Manufacturing Companies." Accounting and Finance Review (AFR) Vol. 3 (1) Jan-Mar 2018 3, no. 1 (2018): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/afr.2018.3.1(3).

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Objective - This study aims to examine and explain the relationship between a company's internal factors such as profitability, solvency and audit committee, and external factors including complexity and size of public accounting firms, with audit delay. Methodology/Technique - The importance of financial information is, in part, due to its utility for assessment of company performance. Hence, financial information should be produced and reported as quickly as possible each year. Findings - This study finds that manufacturing companies with high debt levels and low profitability experience lon

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M. Shvets, Serhii. "Internal public debt and economic growth: the case study of Ukraine." Public and Municipal Finance 6, no. 4 (2017): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/pmf.06(4).2017.03.

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The paper addresses an estimation of public debt-to-GDP threshold ratio in the developing economy encountered with an excessive public debt impact on macro dynamics. An active field of the study focuses on the internal public debt due to a recent tendency of external share substitution in the developing economies. Among a lot of publications dedicated to the public debt, the study object usually focuses on an array of countries using the same method to evaluate the threshold ratio. Analyzing behavior specifics concerning economy in crises and thereafter, there is a need to carry out the public

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Carey, Peter, Roger Simnett, and George Tanewski. "Voluntary Demand for Internal and External Auditing by Family Businesses." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 19, s-1 (2000): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2000.19.s-1.37.

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This study investigates voluntary demand for auditing by family businesses, a significant but relatively unexplored segment of the economy. The paper considers demand for both internal and external auditing by using survey data to investigate the impact of firm characteristics linked to the cost vs. benefit of engaging an auditor. Variables examined are firm size, debt, and two agency proxies that measure separation of ownership and control, namely, the proportion of nonfamily management in the firm, and the proportion of nonfamily representation on the board of directors. The paper also consi

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Fabrice, Yidalpin Oyo BADOLO1* Marc RAFFINOT2 Fangassé Mahamadou DIARRA3. "Determinants of the industrial production of the countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU)." ISRG Journal of Economics, Business & Management (ISRGJEBM) II, no. II (2024): 95–109. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11044613.

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<em>The purpose of this paper is to analyze the determinants of the manufacturing value added (MVA) of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries over the period 2006-2020, in a context where industrialization is important in African country development programs. The General Lest Square (GLS) method and System Generalized Method of Moment (SGMM) are used. The results indicate that the sources of manufacturer production are the total public debt, external public debt and the growth rate of the population. Also, they reveal that obstacles are the internal public debt, low con

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Ahmad, Abu Hasan, and Maria Adventia Mentari Mayang Cardicna. "THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL CONSTRAINT MODERATION IN CASH FLOW SENSITIVITY TO EXTERNAL FINANCING OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES." Manajemen Bisnis 10, no. 1 (2020): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jmb.v10i1.11836.

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This study aims to test the pecking order theory by looking at the level of cash flow sensitivity as a source of internal financing for all types of external financing (debt and equity). This testing also considering the financial constraint variable as moderation. The data used are the financial statements of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014 - 2018. The dependent variable is all types of external financing (debt and equity). Debt financing is divided into two forms, short-term debt financing and long-term debt financing. While the independent variable is

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Hassan, Mohamedamin Ahmed, B. Onkoba Ongeri, and David Katuta Ndolo. "The Effect of National Public Debt on Economic Growth in Kenya." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 19, no. 7 (2023): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2023.v19n7p79.

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Kenya being a lower middle income country compliments tax revenue with government borrowing to finance its national development plans. In an attempt to add to available domestic resources, successive governments have relied on both domestic and external debt to finance the country’s budget. In light of the growing concerns over Kenya’s national public debt sustainability and its potential effect on the economy, this study aimed at analyzing the effect of national public debt on economic growth in Kenya. Specifically, the study sught to establish the effect of domestic debt and external debt on

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Busari, Olamilekan, Shamsideen, Esther, Oluwajumoke Okeowo, and Olalekan, Afolabi, Toru. "Public Debt and Infrastructural Development in Nigeria; An Empirical Investigation." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. VI (2024): 1148–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.807095.

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This study examines the impact of public debt on infrastructural development in Nigeria from 1990-2022, as debt load has become one of the most critical impediments limiting recovery and growth on the continent, but if these debts both internally and externally sourced are being channelled and utilized effectively to improvement of public infrastructure might influences level of the economy, hence contentious in macroeconomics theories. Relying on data from the World Bank Development Indicators and the outcome of various pre-estimation tests ; the Augmented Dickey Fuller and Phillip Peron meth

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Regmi, Krishna Kumar. "The Impact of Public Debt on Economic Growth in Nepal." Journal of Academic Development 8, no. 1 (2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tjad.v8i1.64823.

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Increasing debt levels in Nepal have led to concerns about the impact on the country's real GDP. This paper investigates the impact of both internal and external outstanding debt, along with gross fixed capital formation, broad money supply, total trade, and national consumer price index, on real GDP in Nepal from 1975 to 2021. The study used domestic data sets and ordinary least square series. Unit root and cointegration tests were conducted. The cointegration results confirmed a long-run relationship between the variables. The empirical results showed that both internal and external outstand

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Davydenko, Nadiia, Mykola Mykhaylichenko, Zoia Titenko, and Liudmyla Tsiukalo. "External Debt Management in the System of Financial Security of the State." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS 20 (September 21, 2022): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23207.2023.20.15.

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The article is devoted to the study of the state of the state debt and the state of Ukraine’s debt policy. The relevance of this topic is that during the previous years, the public debt of Ukraine, both external and internal, was constantly growing, creating threats to the country’s debt security and financial stability. Over the last decade, the problem of the growth of Ukraine’s foreign debt continues to worsen. Attracting loan capital is caused by the need to replenish currency reserves in order to increase the resources of the country’s economic development and ensure the stability of the

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