Relevant bibliographies by topics / External determinants

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'External determinants'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 June 2025
Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "External determinants"

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Mohsin Jadah, Hamid, Manar Hayder Ali Alghanimi, Noor Sabah Hameed Al-Dahaan, and Noor Hashim Mohammed Al-Husainy. "Internal and external determinants of Iraqi bank profitability." Banks and Bank Systems 15, no. 2 (2020): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(2).2020.08.

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The determinants of bank profitability are very important, as bank profitability significantly affects the economies of countries. This study aims to examine the internal determinants (bank-specific characteristics) and external determinants (macroeconomic factors and government variables) of bank profitability in Iraq. The study uses unbalanced panel data from 18 banks in Iraq for thirteen years, from 2005 to 2017. The relationship is estimated using a fixed effects approach. The study selected 18 conventional banks considering their data availability in the period from 2005 to 2017. Based on
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Falcetti, Elisabetta, and Luis Catão. "Determinants of Argentina's External Trade." IMF Working Papers 99, no. 121 (1999): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451854367.001.

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LA PORTA, RAFAEL, FLORENCIO LOPEZ-DE-SILANES, ANDREI SHLEIFER, and ROBERT W. VISHNY. "Legal Determinants of External Finance." Journal of Finance 52, no. 3 (1997): 1131–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb02727.x.

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Catão, Luis, and Elisabetta Falcetti. "Determinants of Argentina's External Trade." Journal of Applied Economics 5, no. 1 (2002): 19–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15140326.2002.12040570.

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Teixeira, Mariana Felix, Marcelo Cabus Klotzle, and Walter Lee Ness. "Fatores determinantes do risco país brasileiro: uma análise empírica do risco país específico." Brazilian Review of Finance 6, no. 1 (2008): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/rbfin.v6n1.2008.1233.

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Many studies in international finance try to investigate to what extent domestic and external economic factors constitute significant determinant factors of international country risk. This article tries to analyze, for the period 1992-2003, Brazilian country risk from the point of view of three empirical models: i) First, the internal economic determinants of the country risk; ii) the second has the same purpose as the first, with the difference that the variable “intensity of global risk aversion”, that serves as proxy for the external component of the risk, is included in the group of explanat
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Fettouche, Fatma, and Aboubaker Khoualed. "Determinants of External Debt in Developing Countries: The Case of Algeria." Journal of Technology Management for Growing Economies 15, no. 2 (2024): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jtmge.2024.152001.

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Background: Developing countries seek to eliminate external debt problems towards financial obligations with a view of alleviating the debt burden to avert economic volatility in the context of debt accumulation. Since the beginning of the 1970s, developing countries, including Algeria, have experienced rapid growth in external debt accumulation in an effort to finance domestic deficits and not enter into economic recession. All these reasons ignore the topic of external debt as an interesting topic of study. This study attempts to analyse and measure some of Algeria's external debt indicators
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Svatoš, M. "External determinants of agricultural policy in the Czech Republic ." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 48, No. 9 (2012): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5341-agricecon.

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Formation of strategic development intentions of Czech agriculture is determined from a viewpoint of external factors by European integrating processes and strengthening tendencies of globalisation. This multi-dimensional process is a driving power and at the same time also an eliminating factor of many development trends. The sustainable dimension of globalisation is formed in the frame of the world society, world economics, world ecology and world policy. Problems of world agriculture are represented by the intersection of these trends and present a starting point for the formation of the Eu
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Loayza, Norman V., and Claudio Raddatz. "The Structural Determinants of External Vulnerability." World Bank Economic Review 21, no. 3 (2007): 359–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhm018.

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Lychagin, A. I., and I. D. Komarov. "THE TAIWAN QUESTION: EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL DETERMINANTS." Vestnik RUDN International Relations 17, no. 3 (2017): 530–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2017-17-3-530-538.

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LAU, EVAN, ALVINA SYN-YEE LEE, and MOHAMMAD AFFENDY ARIP. "MACROECONOMICS DETERMINANTS OF EXTERNAL DEBT IN MALAYSIA." International Journal of Economic Sciences IV, no. 4 (2015): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/es.2015.4.4.002.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "External determinants"

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Correia, Diana Helena Gonçalves. "Determinants of Portuguese external imbalances." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9689.

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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics<br>It has been argued that real appreciation is at the root of lack of Portuguese competitiveness and consequently current account deficits. Using quarterly data from 1995q1 to 2011q4, this Work Project analyses the determinants of Portuguese's current plus capital account by constructing a VAR model and performing Granger causality tests. The results show that real exchange rate appreciation is not the cause of Portuguese external imbalances but
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Musolesi, Matteo, and Daniel Pedroletti. "Determinants of Internal and External Innovation: A Comparative Study on NPD Projects Selection." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388781.

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A growing body of research is drawing attention to the importance of open innovation and the reasons firms should progressively switch to this paradigm. However, there is still some reluctance to embrace such approach to innovation. This study investigates the main factors impacting the selection of internal and external new product development in a US multinational company belonging to the semiconductor industry. The main factor found to impact the choice of internal and external innovation is the degree of radicalness of NPD projects. Hence, this is used as additional variable to the interna
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Rahman, Sadat-ur. "Strategic Determinants in the Software Industry." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1632.

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<p>It is generally recognized that firms face both internal and external environmental forces. However, few studies have attempted to describe the importance of various strategic factors and the relation between them. This study has been conducted to identify the main strategic determinant in the software industry and the reason behind the existence of these determinants. The study is based on a qualitative study. The empirical data have been collected from interviews. However, the frame of reference is based on well- established theories within the field of business strategy. The research ide
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Mendonça, Fernando Emanuel Martins Mascarenhas. "Determinants of Portuguese trade: 1986-2010." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11787.

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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics<br>This paper aims to assess the determinants of Portuguese trade in the years 1986 to 2010. The beginning of this period is marked by the Portuguese entry to the EEC and the Single European Act in 1985, the introduction of Euro in 1999, while the end is defined by the 2007 financial crisis and the late 2010 sovereign debt crisis. The results show that some sectors of the Portuguese economy suffered a structural change in their behavior, regardi
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Chen, Nan. "External and Internal Determinants Contributing to Event Participation and Destination Revisitation: A Sport Tourism Perspective." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367326.

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Sport tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors in the tourism industry and is gaining burgeoning research interest from academia. However, there are limited studies combining sport and tourism research to understand sport tourists’ attitudes and decision-making related to an event-host destination. This PhD research addresses this gap by examining the formation and change of sport tourists’ destination attitudes in order to understand why sport tourists travel to a specific place to attend sport events and why they decide to return to this destination in the future as leisure vacationers.
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Filho, Pedro Josà RebouÃas. "External factors of the determinants of export of lobster CEARà to the united states of America." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2947.

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nÃo hÃ<br>The rock lobster industry in Cearà has grown rapidly since 1955, when the United tates and Europe demand for lobster has steadily increased. During the industry evelopment process, lobster has become a major item in the export sector of CearÃ, as created several jobs and has increased state income and government revenue. evertheless, the lack of a sustainable lobster-fishing programme and recent trends in the international market for this product, the relative economic relevance of this ndustry may be at stake. This work contributes through the use of econometric echniques, cointegra
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Etab, Menan. "The internal and external contingent factors that affect the determination of profitability in Islamic banks in comparison to conventional banks in Egypt." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/13111.

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Islamic banking system is one of the fastest growing segments of the international financial industry. This system has been receiving a growing attention nowadays especially after the global financial crisis which gave Islamic banks an opportunity to prove their resilience and contribution to financial and economic stability. The beginning of the Islamic banking in its contemporary mode was in the sixties of the past century by the first modern Islamic banking experiment which was undertaken in Egypt in 1963 by Ahmad Al-Najjar. Islamic financial institutions are established to operate commerci
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Hashemi, Roshanak. "The Impact of Capital Structure Determinants on Small and Medium size Enterprise Leverage." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-18896.

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Finding the suitable capital structure for small and medium size enterprises, SMEs, is vital. A suitable capital structure helps SMEs to stay alive in the competitive market and has a positive effect on the national economy. Wealth maximization is the first objective of the firms, and capital structure proposition shows how a firm plans to finance its projects to meet its first objective. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the impact of the capital structure determinants on the SMEs borrowing behavior. SMEs in this research are defined as the small independent privately held firm wit
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Rom, Sarah Christina [Verfasser], Christian [Gutachter] Unkelbach, and Wilhelm [Gutachter] Hofmann. "Impression Formation and Impression Management: Internal and External Determinants / Sarah Christina Rom ; Gutachter: Christian Unkelbach, Wilhelm Hofmann." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1161096817/34.

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Horníková, Ivana. "Determinants of the prescription medicine prices in the Czech Republic." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264235.

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This master thesis analyses factors that determine the prices of prescription medicine. The theoretical part is outlining the fundamentals of pharmaceutical market, identifying the main price components and determinants with main focus on pricing and reimbursement policies in the world. The empirical part is dedicated to the pharmaceutical market in the Czech Republic. It explores the impact of state regulatory measures such as internal and external reference pricing on the prescription medicine prices. A regression analysis was conducted to determine what factors have significant impact on th
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Books on the topic "External determinants"

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Catão, Luis. Determinants of Argentina's external trade. International Monetary Fund, Western Hemisphere Department, 1999.

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Rafael, La Porta, and National Bureau of Economic Research., eds. Legal determinants of external finance. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1997.

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Khan, Rumana Samiruddin. Non-military security of Bangladesh: External determinants. University Press, 1996.

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Mathews, Brian P. Internal and external quality determinants: Are they the same? Sheffield University, School of Management, 1995.

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Riddell-Dixon, Elizabeth M. Canada and the international seabed: Domestic determinants and external constraints. McGill-Queen's University Press, 1989.

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Leiderman, Leonardo. Determinants of external imbalances: The role of taxes, government spending, and productivity. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991.

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1960-, Beers Cees van, ed. Determinants of innovative behaviour: A firm's internal practices and its external environment. Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

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Neto, Octavio Amorim. De Dutra a Lula: A condução e os determinantes da política externa brasileira. Elsevier, 2012.

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Franz, André. Die Europäische Union als externer Förderer von Demokratie und Rechtsstaatlichkeit: Ansätze, Determinanten und Wirkungsweise am Beispiel von Georgien und Aserbaidschan. Lit, 2010.

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Cato, Luis, and Elisabetta Falcetti. Determinants of Argentina's External Trade. International Monetary Fund, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "External determinants"

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Szulecki, Kacper, Marta Bivand Erdal, and Ben Stanley. "Conclusions." In External Voting. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19246-3_5.

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AbstractThis chapter takes stock of the evidence gathered in the empirical sections and summarizes the main findings. We discuss the differences between diaspora voting and homeland results, the ideological differences, as well as the question of low turnout and its determinants. We then move to the broader problem of legitimacy and normative consideration of external voting. Building on the interviews presented in Chap. 4, we also ask how external voting plays into the broader mechanism of political remittances and whether migrants necessarily desire to be agents of political change in their homelands. We conclude with an overview of the areas for future research, presenting both the empirical knowledge needs and normative questions to be tackled.
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Hu, Ruifeng, and Yuandi Wang. "Determinants of Firms’ External Technology Selection." In Advances in Natural Computation, Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32591-6_59.

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Dowker, J. Stuart. "Functional Determinants on Möbius Corners." In Quantum Field Theory Under the Influence of External Conditions. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-01204-7_23.

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Rübel, Gerhard. "The Determinants of External Debt — The Basic Model of a Small Open Economy." In Factors Determining External Debt. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83655-8_3.

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Gokmenoglu, Korhan, and Rabiatul Adawiyah Mohamed Rafik. "Determinants of External Debt: The Case of Malaysia." In Emerging Trends in Banking and Finance. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01784-2_2.

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Garza-Reyes, Jose Arturo, Vikas Kumar, Juan Luis Martinez-Covarrubias, and Ming K. Lim. "Location, Location, Location: External Determinants of Innovation Performance." In Managing Innovation and Operations in the 21st Century. Productivity Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315116860-3.

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Merritt, Nancy J., William H. Redmond, and John Heffernan. "External and Internal Environmental Determinants of Perceived Uncertainty." In Proceedings of the 1992 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13248-8_2.

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Nicolas, Blarel. "Inside Out? Assessing the Domestic Determinants of India’s External Behaviour." In Theorizing Indian Foreign Policy. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315551197-14.

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Zakowski, Karol. "External and Domestic Determinants of Japan's Stance on History Issues." In Japan’s Response to History Problems. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003605775-2.

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McColm, I. J. "Applied Load, Environment, and Time as External Determinants of Ceramic Hardness." In Ceramic Hardness. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4732-4_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "External determinants"

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Rivera, Hernan, Carlos Mares, Jorge Canto, et al. "Guided Waves Methodology Application in the Analysis of Pipeline Integrity of Docks along Pacific Coast and Mexico Gulf." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10067.

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Abstract As a part of the Direct Assessment goals the knowledge of the problems allows a better decision process. In this way, the use of these methodologies for the evaluation of metal corrosion phenomena increases the possibilities of pipeline integrity analysis; one of these new techniques is the guided waves application. Certain maritime terminals for oil distribution in Mexico have been making efforts in order to get more information about the pipeline integrity of its network, and several cases have been studied with this methodology. Our group has participated as corrosion evaluation sp
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Kang, Sihua. "LSTM Model to Forecasting Bitcoin: Internal and External Determinants." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management, BDEDM 2024, January 12–14, 2024, Ningbo, China. EAI, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.12-1-2024.2347245.

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Khairunnisa, Restu Dinda, and Nur Asiah. "Relationship of Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior Care Hygiene Organ External Genitalia with Vaginal Discharge at SMK Al-Jihad Schoolgirl Jakarta 2020." In International Conference on Social Determinants of Health. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010757600003235.

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Pascoe, Pulkeria, Marcia Dutra De Barcellos, Hans De Steur, Joachim Schouteten, Hawa Petro Tundui, and Xavier Gellynck. "FIRM-LEVEL DETERMINANTS OF ACCESS TO EXTERNAL FINANCE AND IMPACT OF EXTERNAL FINANCE ON FIRM PERFORMANCE." In 13th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2023“. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2023.1083.

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This cross-sectional study employs resource-based view and resource dependence theories to examine the determinants of access to external finance at firm-level and the effect of access to external finance on performance of 328 agri-food firms. Applying binary logistic regression, results indicate that firm age, ownership, sources of financing, and firm location were significant predictors of access to external finance. The effect of access to external finance on firm performance analyzed using linear regression was positive and significant. Therefore, firm-specific characteristics are crucial
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Khabaeva, Z. G., S. K. Cherchesova, V. S. Gappoeva, and O. R. Bzykov. "Electrical components of the external environment (Aeroions) as determinants of animal behaviour." In I INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ASE-I - 2021: APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING: ASE-I - 2021. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0075415.

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Dascalu, Iulian, Svetlana Mihaila, and Veronica Grosu. "Analysis of determinants influencing tax behaviour in SMEs." In International Scientific Conference on Accounting ISCA 2024. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2024. https://doi.org/10.53486/isca2024.23.

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This study investigates the determinants influencing tax behavior among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through an empirical approach that includes a structured questionnaire targeted at SME administrators. A comprehensive econometric model employing ordinal least squares (OLS) regression was utilized to analyze responses from 141 SME administrators, providing a robust evaluation of how various factors influence SME tax behavior. Key variables examined include perceived tax fairness, complexity of tax regulations, financial literacy, strategic importance of tax planning, and external
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Dias, Cana Antyanta, and B. Basuki. "Study of The Determinants Existence of External Assurance on Sustainability Reports in Indonesia." In Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics Symposium 2018 on Special Session for Indonesian Study. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007016804540460.

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Asliyana, Murni, and Eni Setyowati. "External and Internal Determinants Exports of Crude Palm Oil in Indonesia from 1990-2020." In International Conference on Economics and Business Studies (ICOEBS 2022). Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220602.005.

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Milovidov, G. D., T. S. Tikhomirova, and V. A. Nemashkalov. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AMINO ACID SEQUENCES OF S8 PEPTIDASE FROM BACILLUS SPP." In XI МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ МОЛОДЫХ УЧЕНЫХ: БИОИНФОРМАТИКОВ, БИОТЕХНОЛОГОВ, БИОФИЗИКОВ, ВИРУСОЛОГОВ, МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫХ БИОЛОГОВ И СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ. IPC NSU, 2024. https://doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1691-6-8.

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Serine proteases are widely used in various fields, including the food industry and medicine. Modern enzymes have high activity and broad substrate specificity, the characteristics of which are influenced by both external conditions and intramolecular features. This study examines the amino acid sequences of proteases belonging to the S8 family from Bacillus spp. to evaluate the intramolecular determinants affecting their enzymatic properties.
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Penina, Olga. "Socio-demographic determinants of mortality in the Republic of Moldova." In International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization". National Institute for Economic Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36004/nier.cecg.2023.17.6.

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The study examines the influence of socio-demographic determinants, particularly marital status and educational attainment, on disparities in overall and cause-specific mortality in Moldova. Material and methods: Based on the depersonalised databases of death records, which include detailed ICD-10 cause-of-death data categorised by marital status and educational attainment, we analysed mortality patterns for the population aged 30 years and over during two periods around the 2004 and 2014 censuses. Absolute and relative differences in standardised death rates with 95% CIs were calculated. The
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Reports on the topic "External determinants"

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Porta, Rafael La, Florencio Lopez-de-Silane, Andrei Shleifer, and Robert Vishny. Legal Determinants of External Finance. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5879.

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Leiderman, Leonardo, and Assaf Razin. Determinants of External Imbalances: The Role Taxes, Government Spending and Productivity. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3738.

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Cavallo, Eduardo A., and Eduardo Fernández-Arias. The Risk of External Financial Crisis. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004579.

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This paper explores the empirical determinants of external crises on a world panel dataset of 62 countries over the fifty-year period 1970-2019 and estimates their risk trade-offs with the aim of informing macrofinancial prudential policies. The determinants include countries external balance sheets, macroeconomic imbalances, and structural and global factors. It finds that information on the composition of gross positions in countries external financial portfolios is required to gauge the risk of external crisis: debt liabilities are the riskiest component, FDI liabilities are half as risky,
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Micco, Alejandro, Alberto E. Chong, Ugo Panizza, and Alejandro Izquierdo. Corporate Governance and Private Capital Flows to Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010810.

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According to recent research, external factors and political governance considerations are key determinants of capital flows in Latin America. We postulate that corporate governance is a crucial determinant as well. We show that while the region is characterized by relatively low levels of corporate governance it shows highly volatile capital flows. The high level of economic volatility that characterizes the region is partly due to the behavior of capital flows which, in turn, are influenced by external factors. The paper shows that by implementing better corporate governance the region could
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Lührmann, Melanie, and Roberto A. De Santis. On the determinants of external imbalances and net international portfolio flows: a global perspective. The IFS, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2024.0794.

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Lane, Philip, and Jay Shambaugh. The Long or Short of it: Determinants of Foreign Currency Exposure in External Balance Sheets. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14909.

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Razek, Noha A., and Fakhri Hasanov. Determinants of Saudi Arabia’s International Competitiveness: Historical Analysis and Policy Simulations. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2023-dp14.

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Saudi Vision 2030 aims to improve Saudi Arabia’s ranking on the Global Competitiveness Index from 25 in 2015–2016 to within the top 10 by 2030. It also strives to increase the share of non-oil exports in non-oil GDP from 16% in 2016 to 50% by 2030. To achieve these goals, decision-making process should be better informed about the driving forces of Saudi Arabia’s competitiveness. To this end, we consider the real effective exchange rate (REER) as a measure of external price competitiveness, as it captures domestic and global changes in prices.
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Quimba, Francis Mark, and Sylwyn Jr Calizo. Determinants of E-Commerce Adoption of Philippine Businesses. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2019. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2019.24.

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Since the late 1990s, the internet has developed as a major force in transforming how companies do their business, which led to the rapid expansion of electronic commerce, or e-commerce. In 2016, the Department of Trade and Industry adopted the Philippine E-Commerce Roadmap in recognition of the potential of e-commerce in expanding Philippine businesses. In support to the Philippine E-Commerce Roadmap's first success criteria--having 100,000 Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) doing e-commerce, this study investigates the determinants of e-commerce adoption using the Philippine Statis
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9

Canto, Patricia, ed. Role of external knowledge flows in cluster upgrading: an empirical analysis of the Mirandola biomedical district in Italy. Universidad de Deusto, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/ktvl7919.

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The paper analyses the role of external knowledge flows in the upgrading of the biomedical district of Mirandola, Emilia-Romagna region, in Italy. The district produces two types of products, namely disposables and electromedical machines, and the paper considers this second production type. The Mirandola district has been able to maintain a relatively good competitive position. The paper shows that while all firms in this sector in this region tend to have fairly good performance in terms of size and revenue growth, a significant difference exists in terms of innovation performance. Firms in
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10

Manzano, Osmel, and José Luis Saboin. Investment Booms and Institutions: Implications for the Andean Region. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004260.

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This paper provides evidence of a positive effect of institutions and reforms in initiating investment booms. We constructed an unbalanced panel of 178 countries for the period 19502019 that considered institutions and reforms at different levels and dimensions. We analyzed the effects of these variables on 159 carefully estimated investment boom episodes, controlling for the standard determinants of investment and using a battery of estimation techniques and robustness checks. Overall, marketoriented and democratic institutions favor the advent of investment booms. Structural reforms present
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