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Journal articles on the topic 'External readers; internal reader'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Sadieli, Telaumbanua. "Impact of Reader External on Writing Indonesian Explanatory Texts Moderated by Appreciative Inquiry." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 08, no. 05 (2025): 3030–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15449473.

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Writing is one of the language skills to convey thoughts, ideas, and information to others (or readers) with written media and the main competencies that students must master. The education curriculum in Indonesia has assign that one of the competencies taught from elementary to university in Indonesia is the skill of writing explanatory texts. Therefore, this study aims to explain the role of reader assignments moderated by AI on the ability of elementary school students to write explanatory text in Indonesian . This study uses a quasi-experimental method with a counterbalanced design. Sixth-

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2

Noji, Jennifer. "The Implicated Reader: Second-Person Address in Novels of US Imperialism." Narrative 32, no. 1 (2024): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nar.2024.a916603.

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ABSTRACT: This essay explores how literature can help reckon with past and present political violence by employing formal and rhetorical techniques to implicate readers in such violence. Bringing Michael Rothberg’s concept of “the implicated subject” (2019)—a figure who is neither a victim nor perpetrator but rather enables or benefits from regimes of violence—into conversation with narrative theory and formalist criticism, the essay conceptualizes what I call an implicated reader , a term that designates an implied reader who is implicated in the violent events and structures represented in t

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Cannon, Catríona. "The National Gallery of Ireland Library." Art Libraries Journal 25, no. 3 (2000): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030747220001172x.

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The National Gallery of Ireland Library has recently re-opened to internal and external readers after a number of years. The concentration so far has been on reader services, while a major revision of the cataloguing and classification procedures is being undertaken. New projects to organise the Gallery’s Archives and make them more accessible for research, and to open a sponsored Centre for the Study of Irish Art in 2002-3, show the Library’s revived interest in reaching its potential users.

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4

Van der Westhuizen, B. "Humour and the locus of control in The Gruffalo (Julia Donaldson & Axel Scheffler)." Literator 28, no. 3 (2007): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v28i3.168.

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The purpose of this article is firstly to distinguish between the notions “external locus of control” and “internal locus of control”, secondly to indicate ways in which the locus of control in humour in “The Gruffalo” by Julia Donaldson and Axel Scheffler can be identified and thirdly to indicate possible ways in which emphasis on the internal locus of control in the young reader can assist him/her in the development of a general mental/- psychological well-being. Different kinds of literary humour contribute to the ways in which young listeners/readers can identify with stories, poems, drama

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İrına-Ana, DROBOT. "ANALYZING A POEM THE SWIMMER BY SAKUTARO HAGIWARA." ASES INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CULTURE, ART AND LITERATURE 3, no. 2 (2024): 118–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14575726.

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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the poem The Swimmer by Sakutaro Hagiwara, basedon the theory of phenomenology, as well as on reader-response criticism, and on the contextprovided by the poet’s belonging to the Modernist movement. The poem The Swimmer can beregarded as an illustration of Merleau-Ponty’s concept of the body, which offers readers theopportunity to consider the body not as an object but, instead as a subject which allows us theopportunity to perceive the world, as well as to interact with it. The sensory experience issuggested clearly all throughout the poem.

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6

Wan, Xiaomeng. "Corporeal narrative of insatiable desire in David Foster Wallace’s Infinite Jest." Frontiers of Narrative Studies 7, no. 2 (2021): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fns-2021-0011.

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Abstract Considering addiction to be the central concern of David Foster Wallace’s Infinite Jest (1996), this article sees the human body as both a storytelling agent and a described object. It explores insatiable desire as essence of addiction, focusing on the interaction between characters’ bodies and their desires. This article seeks to further examine corporeal narrative techniques in the novel with a particular focus on the relationship between narrative bodies and time or space, the differential embodiments of bodies, and the text’s manipulation of the reader’s body. Adopting varied corp

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Legeza, Segey. "Польша в русскоязычной фантастике: „чужой” cреди „своих”". Literatura i Kultura Popularna 23 (31 травня 2018): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0867-7441.23.2.

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Poland in Russian-language fantastic fiction: The “other” among usThe article is devoted to the reception of the “Polish” in the Russian-language fiction. It indicates the sources of “background knowledge” of Poland from the authors and readers. The article deals with of images of Poland from the Soviet era to the present. Here are presented the schemes of work with the Polish material in the Soviet and post-Soviet fiction. Among them are: 1 the use of the Slavic and Polish material to provide the reader with a distance; 2 the use of “Polishness” as a mirror for self-examination of Russian cul

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8

Yuliawati, Fitrah, and Ika Nuriyanti. "The Study of The Students’ Ability to Use Punctuation in Writing Skill." Wacana Didaktika 5, no. 02 (2017): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31102/wacanadidaktika.5.02.118-132.

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Writing is one of the skills in English that should be mastered by students. Writing is means of communication whereby writing transmit idea to the reader. There are many steps in teaching writing skill. One of the steps is the teaching of punctuation. Punctuation is an element that has an important role in writing. Punctuation refers to sign on marks used to clarify the writings’ idea and the readers can understand easily the meaning of the sentences. This research used qualitative research, because this research describes about the students’ ability to use punctuation in writing. The researc

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9

Li, Yuan, and Xu Jun. "Sur la retraduction littéraire actuelle en Chine." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 43, no. 4 (1997): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.43.4.03li.

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Re-translation is an inevitable phenomenon in the process of translation practice. As early as the fifth-century B C., China had had the first re-translation of Buddhism. In some sense good re-translation contributes not only to the spread of the original text and the former translations, but also to the promotion of the translation practice of a nation. Recently re-translating foreign literary masterpieces has become a fad in Chinese literary circles. There even appeared more than ten different translations of one work within a short span of several years. A questionnaire research involving r

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10

Muştak, Münevver Yakude. "A Jungian Archetypal Reinterpretation of the Psychological Undercurrents in Sylvia Plath’s “Lady Lazarus”." Cankaya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 19, no. 1 (2025): 235–46. https://doi.org/10.47777/cankujhss.1624989.

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The collective unconscious archetypes, including elements of the psychological process, universal symbols, and patterns of behavior, help us adapt to our internal and external environment. According to Jung, literature offers readers an understanding of the collective unconscious, allowing them to access universal symbols and archetypes of all people and societies. He thought authors frequently made unconscious use of these archetypes to produce works of art that connected with readers on a profound, psychological level. This interpretation of “Lady Lazarus” is a potent investigation of collec

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11

Wang, Fudong, and Jiangting Wu. "What Drives Deep Reader Engagement with Socially-Generated Content? The Critical Role of Dual-Layer Information." Journal of Business Theory and Practice 12, no. 3 (2024): p88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jbtp.v12n3p88.

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Social media platforms have rapidly gained popularity due to features such as personalized recommendations and real-time push notifications, attracting a large number of creators to produce content. However, with the explosive growth of content and information overload, readers’ expectations for content and interaction quality have increased, making it increasingly difficult to engage them deeply. This poses management challenges to the platform’s ecosystem, such as high visitor volume but low retention rates. This study, leveraging the latest GPT technology, provides a more scientific approac

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Komarov, Sergey A., and Sergey O. Shipov. "On The Problem Of Transformation Of Philosophical And Aesthetic Representations Of The Author." Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 6, no. 1 (2020): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2020-6-1-76-89.

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This article presents the first systematic scientific reflection of the poetics of the eight fables by I. A. Krylov, that he did not include in the corpus of his Nine Books of Fables. The great Russian poet wrote these texts at various stages of his life and the development of his self-consciousness as a fabulist,. It is significant that the removal of these texts off the Nine Books occurred during a dynamic change of literary trends in the Russian written culture —the shift from classicism to realism. This change could not but affect the destabilization of the author’s relations with a democr

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Dr., Sanju P. Jadhav. "Contemporary Critical Theories: An Overview." Criterion: An International Journal in English 15, no. 6 (2024): 676–84. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14606461.

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This research paper briefly overviews the rise and development of literary theories and criticism, especially in the 19th and 20th centuries. One of the most significant features of literary theory and criticism is meaning in a text. In literary criticism, it was assumed that meaning resides with the author and not in text. However, with time, critics began to focus more on the text itself, hence meaning came to be seen as residing with the readers. Literary criticism and theory are necessary part of studying literature to make it revitalizing, informative and inspiring to achieve a better und

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14

Palamar, Svitlana, and Lyudmyla Nazarenko. "THE PROBLEM OF THE FORMATION OF LITERARY COMPETENCE OF SENIOR PUPILS IN THE PROCESS OF ANALYSIS OF ARTISTIC WORKS WITH THE USE OF INNOVATIVE MEANS OF EDUCATION." Educological discourse, no. 3-4 (2019): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2312-5829.2019.3-4.7391.

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The article deals with the actual problems of emotional and intellectual development and education of youth in the process of studying literature; the motivational readiness of 10-11-grade students for the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the subject activity was determined; possible types of reading activity with the use of ICT during the event, analogous, problem-thematic analysis of the artistic work; experimental work evaluations are given. The emphasis is on the text-centric study of literature, the need for the emotional and intellectual perception of the art of

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15

MacMillan, Amy. "New Product Launch For Eagle Brand: Marketing Management Case Study – A And B." Journal of Business Case Studies (JBCS) 12, no. 4 (2016): 177–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v12i4.9795.

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This two-part case study provides a realistic, thought-provoking, and mildly entertaining venture into the world of new product launches. Structured questions are posed at the end of each case, with suspense and information building from Case A to B.Case A asks whether and how to champion a new product launch internally, while Case B additionally explores how to sell the idea externally with a marketing plan. Both case studies are intended for undergraduate marketing or management classes.Ambitious, young Abbie MacFeldon joined a consumer packaged goods company as Brand Manager of its biggest

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16

Fedotova, Natal'ya. "Organization of Content Policy on University Library Websites: Strategies for Promoting Publishing Projects." Филология: научные исследования, no. 2 (February 2023): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2023.2.38914.

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In the era of digital transformation, the forms of providing information and working with users are changing. As you know, libraries of educational institutions are not only a place for storing and distributing educational resources among readers, but also carry out work to popularize resources and promote them in the educational environment. The university libraries, performing informational, educational and cultural functions, use the tools of websites to solve the tasks set. The success of the entire educational organization depends on a competent and convenient content policy. The article

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17

Chenjing, Zhang. "Analysis of the Dual Narrative Structure in To Live." Studies in Linguistics and Literature 9, no. 1 (2025): p108. https://doi.org/10.22158/sll.v9n1p108.

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Yu Hua’s novel To Live adopts a dual narrative structure, featuring an external focalization narrated by “I”, the storyteller, and an internal focalization centered on the protagonist, Fugui. With Fugui’s narrative serving as the primary thread and “I”’s narrative as the secondary, the narrative intersperses “I”’s perspectives and reflections as an observer and listener during Fugui’s recount. The interplay between external and internal focalizations not only heightens the novel’s authenticity but also propels the plot forward, extending readers’ engagement with the narrative. This enables rea

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18

Han, Feifei. "Comprehension Monitoring in Chinese Reading among Chinese Adolescent Readers." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 7, no. 4 (2017): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0704.01.

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English and Chinese reading place different requirements in terms of lower-order processing. Research has consistently found evidence that word recognition in English and Chinese reading requires different cognitive processes. However, whether English reading differs from Chinese reading with regard to higher-order processing receives little attention. This study investigated comprehension monitoring, an important higher-order skill, among 126 Chinese adolescent readers using two kinds of information errors (i.e., external and internal information errors), in order to compare results from stud

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19

Belonozhko, Nadezhda Dmitrievna. "The pragmatics of narrative structure and methods of presenting the external and internal speech of characters in a literary text (based on M. V. Llosa's novel "The City and the Dogs")." Philology. Theory & Practice 18, no. 6 (2025): 2520–27. https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20250353.

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The aim of the research is to identify the pragmatics of the narrative structure of a literary text and various ways of presenting the external and internal speech of characters. The article discusses the features of a text with an unusual narrative structure in terms of its influence on the reader's perception of the fictional world, using the example of M. V. Llosa's novel "The City and the Dogs". The analysis of the text shows how the choice of a certain type of narrator, as well as the switching of narration between different narrators, manage the reader's interpretation of the content and

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20

Stühring, Jan, and Tilmann Köppe. "Two approaches to defining internal, external, and zero-focalization." Semiotica 2016, no. 210 (2016): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2016-0056.

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AbstractThe paper discusses two approaches to defining internal, external, and zero-focalization. According to the first approach, the three types of focalization are defined in terms of a relation of a character’s knowledge to the narrator’s report. We argue that the definitions based on this approach are seriously flawed. According to the second approach, whether a narrative is internally, externally or zero-focalized depends on how the information that the reader gets about the fictional world is constrained. We discuss some ways of rendering these definitions more precise, and we point to

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21

Prozorov, Valery. "On Systemic Characteristics of Interactivity in the Verbal Literary Text." Philology & Human, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 24–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/filichel(2024)1-02.

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The article deals with systematically and holistically determined signs of feedback from the reader-addressee, which naturally and organically penetrate the very structure of a verbal literary text. The aim of the research of the systemic features of a literary text interactivity is determined, among other things, by the practice of familiarizing a novice reader with the secrets of a deeper understanding of fiction. The signs showing that the text is looking for its reader are defined through the psychologically significant and text inherent interactive conceptual triad of consideration - part

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22

Dini, Indo, Wita Seftiani, and Zakariyah. "Understanding and Expressing The Factors Causing Difficulties of Children In Learning, Especially In The Field Of Reading." International Journal of Education and Teaching Zone 2, no. 2 (2023): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.57092/ijetz.v2i2.69.

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The discussion that we present aims to discuss the factors that cause learning difficulties, especially in the field of reading in SD 122/X Sungai Beras students, Mendahara Ulu District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency. From a combination of grades IV, V, and VI, there are 100 students. Of these, there were 7 students who experienced learning difficulties, especially in the field of reading. The data was obtained through interviews with teachers and direct tests on students who claimed to have difficulty reading. This difficulty is caused by factors (internal), namely the talents and interests of

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23

Zirnīte, Daiga. "Divi pirmās personas stāstījumi Osvalda Zebra romānā „Māra”." Aktuālās problēmas literatūras un kultūras pētniecībā: rakstu krājums, no. 26/1 (March 1, 2021): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/aplkp.2021.26-1.197.

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The aim of the study is to define how and to what effect the first-person narrative form is used in Oswald Zebris’s novel “Māra” (2019) and how the other elements of the narrative support it. The analysis of the novel employs both semiotic and narratological ideas, paying in-depth attention to those elements of the novel’s structure that can help the reader understand the growth path and power of the heroine Māra, a 16-year-old young woman entangled in external and internal conflict. As the novel is predominantly written from the title character’s point of view, as she is the first-person narr

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24

Smelov, Pavel S., and Vladimir K. Vanag. "A ‘reader’ unit of the chemical computer." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 1 (2018): 171495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171495.

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We suggest the main principals and functional units of the parallel chemical computer, namely, (i) a generator (which is a network of coupled oscillators) of oscillatory dynamic modes, (ii) a unit which is able to recognize these modes (a ‘reader’) and (iii) a decision-making unit, which analyses the current mode, compares it with the external signal and sends a command to the mode generator to switch it to the other dynamical regime. Three main methods of the functioning of the reader unit are suggested and tested computationally: (a) the polychronization method, which explores the difference

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25

Arsh, Megha. "Absence of Objective Correlative in Albert Camus's The Myth of Sisyphus." Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities 3, no. 1 (2023): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.3.1.24.

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This research paper explores the concept of the absence of the objective correlative in Albert Camus's influential philosophical essay, "The Myth of Sisyphus." The objective correlative is a literary device used to evoke specific emotions in the reader through the presentation of external objects that correlate with the internal experiences of characters. However, in Camus's work, the absence of the objective correlative becomes evident, as the protagonist's experience of the absurd defies easy representation. This paper examines the implications of this absence, analyzing the impact on the re

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26

Nuriyanti, Ika, and Fitrah Yuliawati. "THE STUDY OF THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY TO USE PUNCTUATION IN WRITING SKILL." WACANA DIDAKTIKA 5, no. 02 (2017): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.31102/wacanadidaktika.v5i02.64.

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Writing is one of the skills in English that should be mastered by students. Writing is means of communication whereby writing transmit idea to the reader. There are many steps in teaching writing skill. One of the steps is the teaching of punctuation. Punctuation is an element that has an important role in writing. Punctuation refers to sign on marks used to clarify the writings’ idea and the readers can understand easily the meaning of the sentences. This research used qualitative research, because this research describes about the students’ ability to use punctuation in writing. The researc

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27

Kulikauskienė, Kristina, and Laima Naujokienė. "READING HABITS AND PREFERENCES: THE CONTEXT OF READER’S EXPERIENCE." PROFESSIONAL STUDIES: THEORY AND PRACTICE 27, no. 1 (2023): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.56131/pstp.2023.27.1.125.

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In this article the reading habits and preferences form the reader’s perspective, highlighting the factors that have impact on reading experience are analyzed. The theoretical analysis of the scientific literature and empirical study revealed that reading habit can be quantified in terms of the materials read, frequency of reading, and amount of time spent reading, or in other words, by established reading preferences. Reading habits and preferences are influenced by a variety of factors, which are internal (age, gender, free time etc.) and external (technology advancement, crisis situations,

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28

Nuessel, Frank. "Sensory representation in literature." Semiotica 2018, no. 222 (2018): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2016-0200.

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AbstractThe five senses (vision, audition, touch, olfaction, gustation) constitute the essence of our ability to interact with the external world and make sense of it. This contact is transmitted through various sensory organs and the information for each sense is transmitted to and translated in various parts of the brain. The anatomical and physiological aspects of this external-internal interface are complex. Likewise, the philosophical approaches to this world-body communication and comprehension involves at least two perspectives, namely, the rationalist viewpoint (perception is brain-det

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Haenschen, Katherine, and John C. Tedesco. "Framing the Youth-Led Movement for Gun Violence Prevention: How News Coverage Impacts Efficacy in Generation Z, Millennials, and Gen X." International Journal of Press/Politics 25, no. 4 (2020): 653–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940161220929976.

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The American youth-led movement for gun violence prevention (YMGVP) that emerged after the 2018 shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, has received tremendous media attention. To assess the potential effect of this coverage on readers’ efficacy, we conduct a two-wave population-based survey experiment on members of Generation Z, the Millennial generation, and Generation X that frames the movement as a success or failure in terms of achieving its political goals. Results show that emphasis framing impacts readers’ perceptions of the movement’s likely success in l

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30

Потапова, К. М., та І. С. Бучарська. "Бізнес-сторінка Facebook «Естетична групова гімнастика»: досвід створення та вимоги функціонування". Mass communication in global and national dimensions, № 13 (27 травня 2020): 106–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3859929.

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<strong>Potapova K., Bucharska I. "Aesthetic gymnastics group" Facebook Business Page: experience of creation and requirements of functioning </strong> Modern communication needs innovations and changes that will satisfy its requirements. And social networks have become a kind of implementation of communication. Nowdays the communication means not only “sending messages”, but also publications on social media, reposts of these posts, reactions to them, comments and likes. Business also requires communication, certain relationship with customers and the ability to maintain

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Fu, Senhui, Qing Yan, Guangchao Charles Feng, and Jiamin Peng. "Which Review Can Make You Engage?" Journal of Global Information Management 29, no. 6 (2021): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.20211101.oa50.

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Online reviews facilitate customer brand engagement, but few studies have explored this problem from the perspective of interpersonal attraction and its psychological mechanisms in the social commerce context. This paper aims to investigate the effect of reviewer-reader similarity (including external and internal similarity) in online reviews on customer brand engagement in the social commerce context. Drawing upon the social categorization theory, a conceptual framework was developed and tested empirically. Data collected from a sample of Chinese consumers with the shopping experience on soci

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Carrell, David S., Bradley A. Malin, David J. Cronkite, et al. "Resilience of clinical text de-identified with “hiding in plain sight” to hostile reidentification attacks by human readers." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 27, no. 9 (2020): 1374–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocaa095.

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Abstract Objective Effective, scalable de-identification of personally identifying information (PII) for information-rich clinical text is critical to support secondary use, but no method is 100% effective. The hiding-in-plain-sight (HIPS) approach attempts to solve this “residual PII problem.” HIPS replaces PII tagged by a de-identification system with realistic but fictitious (resynthesized) content, making it harder to detect remaining unredacted PII. Materials and Methods Using 2000 representative clinical documents from 2 healthcare settings (4000 total), we used a novel method to generat

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Khoerunnisa, Vina, and Juanda Juanda. "INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FOCALIZATION IN THE NOVEL “BEAUTY AND THE BEAST”." Proceeding of International Conference on Business, Economics, Social Sciences, and Humanities 7, no. 1 (2024): 731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/icobest.v7i.584.

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Focalization, sometimes referred to as narrative perspective or point of view, is an important component of narrative structure that affects how readers interpret a story. Focalization is an important narrative method in "Beauty and the Beast," used to illustrate certain themes, character development, and emotions. The novel's internal focalization and other focalization strategies are examined in this qualitative research along with how they enhance the narrative as a whole. The purpose of this research is to get people's opinions on a subject without giving much direction or guidance (Perrea

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عبدالكريم الكبيسي, أحمد, та صفاء فيصل الصديق احمد. "ال المناسبات في فواتح سورة مريم من خلال تفسير الرازي(ت606هـ) - جمعًا ودراسة وموازنة -". Omdurman Islamic University Journal 15, № 1 (2019): 248–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/oiuj.v15i1.1361.

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This research aims to define what is occasions, and presenting two divisions: external and internal, and their types; to complete the visualization for the reader, initially, we start to extract the occasions in permissible in Surat Maryam 1-6 from El Razi commentary with comparison with Ibn Ashour commentary may their souls rest in peace, and identifying their methods in positing occasions, and their types, and function statement, and extent of expansion with mentioning both of them, and coming with outcomes for more important distinguishing, and the advantages of both. However, may this help

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Lacagnina, Salvatore. "Epigenetics." American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 13, no. 2 (2018): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559827618817247.

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The field of Epigenetics represents the science which helps us understand the influence life has on genetic function. Research has shown that what we do, what we are exposed to, and the internal and external environments have significant influence on the output of our genes. In this article, the reader will understand how alterations in the DNA explain how the genetic output us changed as a result of exposures to life.

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Sayidova, Gulrukh Yokubovna. "LINGUAPOETICS OF T TICS OF TASHBIH (COMP ASHBIH (COMPARISON) IN THE POE ARISON) IN THE POETIC WORKS OF ALISHER NAVOI." Scientific Reports of Bukhara State University 5, no. 1 (2021): 205–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.52297/2181-1466/2021/5/1/17.

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Introduction. The article identifies and classifies the structure, internal and external features of the tahsbeh (comparison) as well as explaining its semantic peculiarities in lingua poetic and lingua culturiological aspects in the poetic works of Alisher Navoi, the great poet of the Turkic peoples, uniting the Turkic peoples from China to Khorasan under the banner of a single literary language. As there is a significant difference between similar and compared words in tashbih, it makes the reader think and reflect over it. The reader tries to find a logical connection in the tashbih, and in

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Godoy, José Luiz de, Edson Keity Otta, Ricardo Atsumori Miyazaki, Marco Antonio Bitencourt, and Ricardo Pasquini. "Central venous access through the external jugular vein in children submitted to bone marrow transplantation." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 48, no. 1 (2005): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132005000100007.

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Establishment of long-term central venous access is a sine qua non step for bone marrow transplantation in children. Most frequently, long-term central venous access has been obtained via blind percutaneous cannulation of subclavian and internal jugular veins or via internal jugular vein cutdown. In order to avoid some potential minor and major complications associated with the subclavian or internal jugular approaches, the authors describe an easy, simple and safe method for central venous access through an external jugular vein cutdown that should be of interest to readers involved in the fi

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WEBB, ROBERT L. "The Eschatology of the Epistle of Jude and Its Rhetorical and Social Functions." Bulletin for Biblical Research 6, no. 1 (1996): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26422146.

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Abstract Jude's eschatology is oriented around the twin poles of eschatological salvation and judgment with the latter being more prominent. Judgment in Jude includes not only past and future judgment but present judgment as well. Allusions to past judgment highlight the punishment aspect of the judicial process while references to future and present judgment highlight laying charges and producing a guilty verdict. The rhetorical function of Jude's eschatology is: (1) to convince his readers also to engage in judgment: to pronounce the intruders guilty of ungodliness, and (2) to reassure his r

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WEBB, ROBERT L. "The Eschatology of the Epistle of Jude and Its Rhetorical and Social Functions." Bulletin for Biblical Research 6, no. 1 (1996): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/bullbiblrese.6.1.0139.

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Abstract Jude's eschatology is oriented around the twin poles of eschatological salvation and judgment with the latter being more prominent. Judgment in Jude includes not only past and future judgment but present judgment as well. Allusions to past judgment highlight the punishment aspect of the judicial process while references to future and present judgment highlight laying charges and producing a guilty verdict. The rhetorical function of Jude's eschatology is: (1) to convince his readers also to engage in judgment: to pronounce the intruders guilty of ungodliness, and (2) to reassure his r

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ნაჭყებია, მაია. "ქართული ბაროკოს პოეზიის ესთეტიკისთვის: წაღმა-უკუღმა საკითხავი ლექსები და „მუხრანული“". Literary Researches 44 (27 листопада 2024): 229–50. https://doi.org/10.62119/lr.44.2024.8239.

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The poets, artists, sculptors and musicians of the Baroque period felt that a "new age" had arrived, and so they clearly distinguished their art from that of the artists of the previous period and carefully sought out new forms of expression. Baroque poetry is characterised by novelty in both content and form. In the Baroque culture, the importance of the recipient, reader, viewer and listener increased; therefore, special attention was paid to such concepts as "interesting", "worthy of attention", "expressive", "entertaining", "amusing", "playful" and all these concepts can be unified i

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Wang, Ting. "An Analysis of the “Minimalist” Narration in Cathedral." Pacific International Journal 7, no. 5 (2024): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55014/pij.v7i5.705.

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This paper analyzes the minimalist narrative techniques in Raymond Carver’s short story collection, Cathedral, highlighting how his unique narrative style redefines the short story form. The study finds that Carver’s use of internal and external focalization enhances the realism of his narratives, allowing readers to experience events through a more subjective and fragmented lens. The incomplete narrative structures and open endings in his stories mirror the complexities and uncertainties of real life, encouraging readers to actively interpret and engage with the text. Carver's concise languag

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Qu, Fangying. "The Essence Beyond Flavor: A Comparative Study of Si Kongtu's Favor Criterion and Response-inviting Structure." Communications in Humanities Research 2, no. 1 (2023): 424–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/2/2022524.

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Favor criterion is a major feature of Chinese classical poetics. Si Kongtu first proposed favor criterion with the essence beyond flavor, which contains two meanings: internal favor and external favor. Internal favor originates from the author's choice and arrangement of language and characters, including the overall image composed of language, phonology, etc. in poetry. The external flavor exists outside the language, which is an imaginary realm constructed by the readers according to their own experience. Comparing favor criterion with the response-inviting structure, it is found that the la

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Šnorbert, Martin. "INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL IMAGE OF HRADČANY AND PRAGUE CASTLE." Stavební obzor - Civil Engineering Journal 31, no. 2 (2022): 368–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/cej.2022.02.0028.

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This contribution deals with the urban development of the Hradčany area, within its position in the capital city, but especially within the area itself. Great emphasis is placed on historical development, as it significantly affects the current situation. Prague Castle, perceived as a historical and architectural complex, is unique in its complexity and size, we will not find a similar example in any of the surrounding countries. Prague Castle, as an important part of Hradčany, was and still is the seat of the monarch, or today the president of the Czech Republic. The development of Czec

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Chatterjee, Argha, Rochita V. Ramanan, and Sumit Mukhopadhyay. "Imaging Postoperative Abdominal Hernias: A Review with a Clinical Perspective." Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology 3, S 01 (2020): S35—S48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715772.

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AbstractPostoperative internal hernia is a challenging but critical diagnosis in postoperative patients presenting with acute abdomen. Postoperative internal hernias are increasingly being recognized after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and bariatric surgeries. These internal hernias have a high risk of closed-loop obstruction and bowel ischemia; therefore, prompt recognition is necessary. Computed tomography (CT) is the imaging modality of choice in cases of postoperative acute abdomen. Understanding the types of postoperative internal hernia and their common imaging features on CT is crucia

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Le Floch, Albert, and Guy Ropars. "Hebbian Optocontrol of Cross-Modal Disruptive Reading in Increasing Acoustic Noise in an Adult with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Case Report." Brain Sciences 14, no. 12 (2024): 1208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14121208.

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Acoustic noise is known to perturb reading for good readers, including children and adults. This external acoustic noise interfering at the multimodal areas in the brain causes difficulties reducing reading and writing performances. Moreover, it is known that people with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and dyslexia have reading deficits even in the absence of acoustic noise. The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of additional acoustic noise on an adult with DCD and dyslexia. Indeed, as vision is the main source of information for the brain during reading, a noisy inter

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Ihina, Zoia. "The topos “revenge” in the Gothic narrative “A legend of the Nightfort”: ways of crystallisation." Lege Artis 2, no. 1 (2017): 90–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lart-2017-0003.

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Abstract The article explores how the meaning of the topos revenge is crystallised (accumulated and interpreted) in the gothic narrative “A legend of the Nightfort” at two planes: internal (the one concerning the narrator-narratee roles) and external (concerning the implied author-reader roles). Both planes are linked in the process of intranarrative transgression, where the first mode of crystallisation is regarded as an allegorical interpretation of revenge and the second one – as a symbolic interpretation.

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Ozdemir, Oksana. "DOMESTIC WOMEN’S LITERATURE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21st CENTURY. AUTOFICTION – THEORETICAL PROVISIONS." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 10(78) (2020): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-10(78)-34-37.

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The article focuses on the fact that one of the most productive forms of self-identification and representation in domestic women’s prose of the late 20th – early 21st centuries is the literary form of autofiction, which attests the continuation of the traditions of autobiography in the domestic gyneprose to the new level. However, modern autogyneprose mostly positions its openness to the reader, starting from the level of the “external pact” with the recipient, who emerges from the book pages through the conclusion of external pacts with the reader at the level of preface, inner interviews, o

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Mettadewi, Bella, Mangangar Sitohang, and Bejo Sutrisno. "EXPLORING FACTORS THAT CAUSE THE STUDENTS DEMOTIVATION IN LEARNING ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND ENGLISH WRITING STIBA IEC STUDENTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC." JELL (Journal of English Language and Literature) STIBA-IEC Jakarta 8, no. 02 (2023): 287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.37110/jell.v8i02.193.

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This research aims to find out what are the demotivating factors experienced by STIBA IEC students while studying English grammar and English writing during a pandemic. In addition, researcher also finds out what are the main factors that make them demotivated and what suggestions do students want to convey so that online learning can take place well. A qualitative method is used in this research where the researcher interviewed 10 participants who came from semester 2 and semester 4 students from three different shift classes. As a result, there are 2 kinds of influencing factors, namely exte

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Siregar, Alma Rizka, and Susi Ekalestari. "THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS OF THE PROTAGONIST’S REPENTANCE IN THE MOVIE SCRIPT SECOND ACT BY JUSTIN ZACKHAM AND ELAINE GOLDSMITH-THOMAS." JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE 3, no. 2 (2021): 220–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/jol.v3i2.4118.

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This research is conducted to analyze the internal and external factors of the protagonist’s repentance from Second Act movie written by Justin Zackham And Elaine Goldsmith-Thomas. The internal factors of repentance are self evaluation, self-motivation, self-control, knowledge, regret, hatred towards the sin, and returns to god’s power and will. The external factors of repentance are peer support, social support, intense guidance, and stimulus. It is in accordance to the theory proposed by Fachitiandi. This study uses qualitative descriptive method because the process and the result are accomp

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Fukson, Leonid Yu. "Reading the poem by Pasternak “Vse sneg da sneg…" Sibirskiy filologicheskiy zhurnal, no. 2 (2025): 86–92. https://doi.org/10.17223/18137083/91/7.

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This paper examines the appellative structure of the fictional work, focusing on the pervasive indeterminacy of its artistic audience: the poetic language addresses all hearers, thereby encompassing universal elements of the depicted reality. The compelling nature of artistic language is defined by its reliance on aesthetic appeal to elicit a response from the audience. The interplay of inner and outer perspectives in the artwork necessitates a corresponding duality in the reader’s engagement. The reader comprehends the hero by adopting his perspective, thus entering the poetic realm. An exter

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