Academic literature on the topic 'Extinction'

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Journal articles on the topic "Extinction"

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Cole, Selina R., and Melanie J. Hopkins. "Selectivity and the effect of mass extinctions on disparity and functional ecology." Science Advances 7, no. 19 (2021): eabf4072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf4072.

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Selectivity of mass extinctions is thought to play a major role in coupling or decoupling of taxonomic, morphological, and ecological diversity, yet these measures have never been jointly evaluated within a single clade over multiple mass extinctions. We investigate extinction selectivity and changes in taxonomic diversity, morphological disparity, and functional ecology over the ~160-million-year evolutionary history of diplobathrid crinoids (Echinodermata), which spans two mass extinctions. Whereas previous studies documented extinction selectivity for crinoids during background extinction,
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Finnegan, Seth, Christian M. Ø. Rasmussen, and David A. T. Harper. "Identifying the most surprising victims of mass extinction events: an example using Late Ordovician brachiopods." Biology Letters 13, no. 9 (2017): 20170400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0400.

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Mass extinction events are recognized by increases in extinction rate and magnitude and, often, by changes in the selectivity of extinction. When considering the selective fingerprint of a particular event, not all taxon extinctions are equally informative: some would be expected even under a ‘background’ selectivity regime, whereas others would not and thus require special explanation. When evaluating possible drivers for the extinction event, the latter group is of particular interest. Here, we introduce a simple method for identifying these most surprising victims of extinction events by tr
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MORLAN, R. E. "Pleistocene Extinction Reexamined: Quaternary Extinctions." Science 228, no. 4701 (1985): 870–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.228.4701.870.

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Thackeray, J. Francis. "Rates of extinction in marine invertebrates: further comparison between background and mass extinctions." Paleobiology 16, no. 1 (1990): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300009702.

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Prominent extinction “events” have been recognized from statistical analyses of marine invertebrate genera represented in Mesozoic and Cenozoic assemblages, contrasting with relatively low “background” extinction intensities measured in terms of a “percentage extinction” index. On a logarithmic scale, the slope of the relationship between time and extinction intensity for background extinctions is shown to be parallel to the slope obtained for most extinction events, characterized by intensities 100.35 above prevailing background levels. Although extinction intensities are variable, this study
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Bush, Andrew M., Steve C. Wang, Jonathan L. Payne, and Noel A. Heim. "A framework for the integrated analysis of the magnitude, selectivity, and biotic effects of extinction and origination." Paleobiology 46, no. 1 (2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2019.35.

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AbstractThe taxonomic and ecologic composition of Earth's biota has shifted dramatically through geologic time, with some clades going extinct while others diversified. Here, we derive a metric that quantifies the change in biotic composition due to extinction or origination and show that it equals the product of extinction/origination magnitude and selectivity (variation in magnitude among groups). We also define metrics that describe the extent to which a recovery (1) reinforced or reversed the effects of extinction on biotic composition and (2) changed composition in ways uncorrelated with
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Raup, David M. "Extinction from a paleontological perspective." European Review 1, no. 3 (1993): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798700000582.

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Extinction of widespread species is common in evolutionary time (millions of years) but rare in ecological time (hundreds or thousands of years). In the fossil record, there appears to be a smooth continuum between background and mass extinction; and the clustering of extinctions at mass extinctions cannot be explained by the chance coincidence of independent events. Although some extinction is selective, much is apparently random in that survivors have no recognizable superiority over victims. Extinction certainly plays an important role in evolution, but whether it is constructive or destruc
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Wagler, Ron. "The Anthropocene Mass Extinction: An Emerging Curriculum Theme for Science Educators." American Biology Teacher 73, no. 2 (2011): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2011.73.2.5.

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There have been five past great mass extinctions during the history of Earth. There is an ever-growing consensus within the scientific community that we have entered a sixth mass extinction. Human activities are associated directly or indirectly with nearly every aspect of this extinction. This article presents an overview of the five past great mass extinctions; an overview of the current Anthropocene mass extinction; past and present human activities associated with the current Anthropocene mass extinction; current and future rates of species extinction; and broad science-curriculum topics a
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Foote, Michael. "Extinction and quiescence in marine animal genera." Paleobiology 33, no. 2 (2007): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/06068.1.

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If last appearances of marine animal genera are taken as reasonable proxies for true extinctions, then there is appreciable global extinction in every stage of the Phanerozoic. If, instead, backsmearing of extinctions by incomplete sampling is explicitly taken into consideration, a different view of extinction emerges, in which the pattern of extinction is much more volatile and in which quiescent time spans—with little or no global extinction for several million years—are punctuated by major extinction events that are even more extreme than is generally thought. Independent support for this a
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Mankun, Liu. "Narrating Extinctions for Survivance." Environmental Humanities 16, no. 2 (2024): 331–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/22011919-11150155.

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Abstract This article navigates the obligatory relationship between extinction narratives and future imaginaries through the lens of an artist’s films. Taking Chinese artist Mao Chenyu’s works as case studies, the first part examines the notion of extinction that his video essay Becoming Father (2021) complicates through the perspective of rice (Oryza sativa) and humans in Dongting Lake. It reveals adaptive evolution, hetero-reproduction, and geontopower as three political regimes where extinctive pressures accumulate through the erosion of biocultural inheritability. The second part engages w
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Raup, David M. "Large-body impact and extinction in the Phanerozoic." Paleobiology 18, no. 1 (1992): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300012227.

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The kill curve for Phanerozoic marine species is used to investigate large-body impact as a cause of species extinction. Current estimates of Phanerozoic impact rates are combined with the kill curve to produce an impact-kill curve, which predicts extinction levels from crater diameter, on the working assumption that impacts are responsible for all “pulsed” extinctions. By definition, pulsed extinction includes the approximately 60% of Phanerozoic extinctions that occurred in short-lived events having extinction rates greater than 5%. The resulting impact-kill curve is credible, thus justifyin
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Extinction"

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Breazeale, Dorothy Elizabeth. "Extinction Events." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1427876606.

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Powell, Eileen A. "Extinction of experience." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1181666217/.

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Plendl, Wolfgang. "Extinction learning in mice." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-121216.

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Золотова, Світлана Григорівна, Светлана Григорьевна Золотова, Svitlana Hryhorivna Zolotova, and S. O. Gordienko. "The extinction of species." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17567.

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Massive extinctions have occurred five times during the earth's history, the last one was the extinction of the dinosaurs, 65 million years ago. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17567
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Vurbic, Drina. "Mechanisms of Secondary Extinction." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2010. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/237.

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Pavlov (1927) first reported that following appetitive conditioning of multiple stimuli, extinction of one CS attenuated responding to others which had not undergone direct extinction. Four experiments with rat subjects investigated potential mechanisms of this secondary extinction effect. Experiment 1 assessed whether secondary extinction would be more likely to occur with target CSs that have themselves undergone some prior extinction. Two CSs were initially paired with shock. One CS was subsequently extinguished before the second CS was tested. The target CS was partially extinguished
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Winer, Daniel H. "The development and meaning of firefighting, 1650-1850." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 351 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1833647391&sid=8&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Barnard, Linda L. "The Effects of Conditioned Reinforcers on Extinction When Delivered on Schedules of Extinction." DigitalCommons@USU, 1990. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5985.

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The purpose of the present research was to examine extinction of responding with regard to the rapidity and thoroughness of the process when conditioned reinforcement was available on one of five schedules during extinction. Forty-five mixed-breed pigeons served as subjects with 15 in each of three experiments. Reinforcement training schedules were as follows: Experiment 1, continuous; Experiment 2, fixed ratio 15; Experiment 3, variable-interval one-minute. After training, subjects experienced one of five extinction procedures (here called schedules of extinction) which were as follows: tradi
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Gabriele, Amanda. "Multiple memory systems and extinction." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2384.

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Several lines of evidence suggest that initial acquisition of learned behavior involves multiple memory systems. In particular, lesions of the hippocampus impair the acquisition of cognitive or relational memory, but do not impair the acquisition of stimulus-response habits. Extinction behavior also involves new learning, and therefore it is possible that multiple forms of memory may also underlie extinction. We examined this hypothesis by training rats in a task in which extinction behavior could putatively be acquired by either a cognitive or habit memory system. Adult male Long-Evans rats w
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Kurosoy, Ersel. "Opposed jets, flames and extinction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402177.

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Reed, Melissa. "Computer modelling of mammoth extinction." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297314.

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Books on the topic "Extinction"

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Davis, Carol Anne. Extinction. Crème de la Crime, 2011.

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Stanley, Steven M. Extinction. Scientific American Library, 1987.

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Bernhard, Thomas. Extinction. Quartet Books, 1995.

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Smedman, Lisa. Extinction. Wizards of the Coast, 2004.

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Bernhard, Thomas. Extinction. Vintage International, 2011.

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Molles, D. J. Extinction. Orbit, 2015.

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1963-, Barbaste Christine, ed. Extinction. Fleuve noir, 2015.

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Linny, Stovall, ed. Extinction. Blue Heron Pub., 1992.

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Newman, M. E. J. Modeling extinction. Oxford University Press, 2002.

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Barnosky, Anthony D. Dodging Extinction. University of California Press, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Extinction"

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MacPhee, Ross D. E. "Extinction." In Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards. Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4399-4_128.

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Marshall, L. G. "Extinction." In Analytical Biogeography. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1199-4_10.

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Marshall, L. G. "Extinction." In Analytical Biogeography. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0435-4_8.

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Kaplan, Richard F. "Extinction." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_1300.

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Kaplan, Richard F. "Extinction." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_1300-2.

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Khandker, Wahida. "Extinction." In Process Metaphysics and Mutative Life. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43048-1_7.

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Kaplan, Richard F. "Extinction." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1300.

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Ellenbroek, Bart, Alfonso Abizaid, Shimon Amir, et al. "Extinction." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_1434.

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van der Kruit, Pieter C. "Extinction." In Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10876-6_11.

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Phelps, Brady I. "Extinction." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development. Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_1072.

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Conference papers on the topic "Extinction"

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Smith, J. A., M. D. Dawson, and M. J. Strain. "High extinction tuneable filters at visible wavelengths." In 2024 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ipc60965.2024.10799889.

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Zhang, Qingguo, Santosh J. Shanbhogue, and Tim Lieuwen. "Dynamics of Premixed H2/CH4 Flames Under Near-Blowoff Conditions." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59981.

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Swirling flows are widely used in industrial burners and gas turbine combustors for flame stabilization. Several prior studies have shown that these flames exhibit complex dynamics under near-blowoff conditions, associated with local flamelet extinction and alteration in the vortex breakdown flow structure. These extinction events are apparently due to the local strain rate irregularly oscillating above and below the extinction strain rate values near the attachment point. In this work, global, temporally resolved and detailed spatial measurements were obtained of hydrogen/methane flames. Supp
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Archer, Avery. "The Mu2e Experiment: Target Extinction Monitor." In The Mu2e Experiment: Target Extinction Monitor. US DOE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1827396.

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Grund, C. J., and E. W. Eloranta. "Optically Significant Cirrus Clouds may be Rendered "Invisible" to Space-borne Simple Lidar Systems." In Laser and Optical Remote Sensing: Instrumentation and Techniques. Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lors.1987.mc10.

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Recently, there has been much discussion among lidar researchers concerning the infinite solution set of extinction profiles which can be produced from a given simple-lidar backscatter profile1. This ambiguity is caused by the measured backscatter signal dependence on both the backscatter cross section and on the profile of extinction. Simple lidar systems produce only one measurement from which to deduce these two range-dependent parameters. Thus, simple lidar measurements must be augmented by additional measurements or knowledge of the physical relationship between backscatter and extinction
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Bibian, Alexis, and Steven Boi. "Mu2e - Extinction Monitor Research & Development." In Mu2e - Extinction Monitor Research & Development. US DOE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2246926.

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Andrews, Gordon E., N. T. Ahmed, Roth Phylaktou, and Phil King. "Weak Extinction in Low NOx Gas Turbine Combustion." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59830.

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Well mixed low NOx gas turbines are limited, in the operational range of the low NOx mode, by the weak extinction and CO limits of the flame stabiliser used. The operational range of the combustor in the <10ppm low NOx mode is set by the range of equivalence ratios over which ultra low NOx without acoustic resonance can be achieved. This paper reviews the available data on weak extinction in well mixed low NOx combustion systems and presents some new data. Atmospheric pressure weak extinction data is shown to be similar to weak extinction at pressure for similar stabiliser designs and r
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Gautron, Pascal, Cyril Delalandre, and Jean-Eudes Marvie. "Extinction transmittance maps." In SIGGRAPH Asia 2011 Sketches. ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2077378.2077387.

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Hu, Shengteng, Robert Pitz, and Yu Wang. "Extinction and Near-Extinction Instability of Non-Premixed Tubular Flames." In 45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2007-177.

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Wang, Haochen, Clara E. Habermeier, Zoey R. Werbin, et al. "ARE WE ENTERING A SIXTH MASS EXTINCTION? AGE SELECTIVITY OF MODERN EXTINCTIONS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-323991.

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Brombacher, Anieke, Elizabeth Sibert, Evan Cheng, Susan Butts, and Pincelli M. Hull. "EXTINCTION THROUGH TIME AND SPACE: A MULTIVARIATE FRAMEWORK FOR EXTINCTION RISK." In GSA Connects 2023 Meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Geological Society of America, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2023am-394542.

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Reports on the topic "Extinction"

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Narvaez, Liliana, Zita Sebesvari, and Jack O'Connor. Technical Report: Accelerating extinctions. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/zqfy4171.

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Extinction often proceeds slowly over thousands to millions of years, but through intense human activities, we have put our foot on the extinction accelerator. The current rate of species extinction is at least tens to hundreds of times higher than natural background rates due to human with drastic consequences for all life on our planet. Recent studies also suggest that extinctions could cascade through ecological dependencies between species in an ecosystem, setting off waves of secondary extinctions and amplifying the effects of environmental degradation. As ecosystems are built on intricat
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Taylor, M. Scott, and Rolf Weder. On the Economics of Extinction and Mass Extinctions. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w31952.

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Azoulay, Pierre, Joshua S. Graff Zivin, and Jialan Wang. Superstar Extinction. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14577.

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Larsen, Trond, and Madhu Rao. Ecological Consequences of Extinctions. American Museum of Natural History, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5531/cbc.ncep.0115.

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Extinction may be a natural process, but due to human activities, it is currently proceeding at an artificially accelerated rate. Field experiments and observations demonstrate that species extinctions may have broad consequences including related extinctions, loss of ecosystem functions, and disease. This module provides an overview of the patterns and consequences of biodiversity loss, with a review of key concepts and groups such as keystone species and tropic interactions.
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Pitt, Josh, ed. Extinction on our plates. Monash University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/42f4-f24c.

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Phillips, Sara, ed. Special Report: Stemming species extinction. Monash University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/53fc-9cb7.

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Archer, Avery. Mu2e Experiment: The Target Extinction Monitor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1462085.

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Melchin, M. J., and C. E. Mitchell. Late Ordovician Extinction in the Graptoloidea. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/132184.

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Kyla Richards, Kyla Richards. Could Hawaii seagrasses be facing extinction? Experiment, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/26159.

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Loehle, C. Habitat destruction and the extinction debt revisited. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/211290.

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