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Academic literature on the topic 'Extinction des espèces'
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Journal articles on the topic "Extinction des espèces"
Gillon, Y. "Extinction et conservation des espèces d'insectes." Cahiers d'outre-mer 43, no. 172 (1990): 375–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/caoum.1990.3355.
Full textMonnet, Claude, Jean-Claude Thibault, and Albert Varney. "Stability and changes during the twentieth century in the breeding landbirds of Tahiti (Polynesia)." Bird Conservation International 3, no. 4 (December 1993): 261–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002550.
Full textBouchet, Philippe. "Extinction et conservation des espèces dans le monde tropical : quel avenir pour les Mollusques." Cahiers d'outre-mer 43, no. 172 (1990): 475–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/caoum.1990.3363.
Full textBoulanger, Laureline, Amélie Héraud, Dorian Martzloff, and Valentin Ropital. "La science face à l’érosion de la biodiversité." Biologie Aujourd’hui 214, no. 3-4 (2020): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2020013.
Full textSanoussi, Douka Mahaman, Dahiratou Ibrahim Doka, and Moussa Barage. "Etude de la structure des formations végétales à Afzelia africana Smith et Isoberlinia doka Craib & Stapf dans le parc national du W du Niger." Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 41.2 (August 31, 2019): 6864–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v41-2.1.
Full textStrivay, Lucienne. "Taxidermies." Anthropologie et Sociétés 39, no. 1-2 (May 25, 2015): 251–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1030848ar.
Full textMoukrim, Said, Said Lahssini, Nabil Rifai, Kamal Menzou, Hicham Mharzi-Alaoui, Adnane Labbaci, Mouhssine Rhazi, Imane Wahby Wahby, Mohammed El Madihi, and Laïla Rhazi. "Modélisation de la distribution potentielle de Cedrus atlantica Manetti au Maroc et impacts du changement climatique." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 344 (July 9, 2020): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2020.344.a31888.
Full textAmbara, Joseph, Kadiri Serge Bobo, Juvenal Donfack Demesse, and Antoine David Mvondo-Ze. "Caractérisation de la compétition et de la croissance de Pericopsis elata (Harms) Van Meeuven dans les plantations de la Réserve Forestière de Deng-Deng (Est, Cameroun)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 22, 2021): 559–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i2.15.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Extinction des espèces"
Colas, Bruno. "Centaurea corymbosa : chronique d'une extinction annoncée." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR4028.
Full textDelord, Julien. "L'extinction d'espèce : histoire et enjeux éthiques d'un concept écologique." Paris 12, 2003. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002110850204611&vid=upec.
Full textGlobal biodiversity is presently falling victim to a major extinction crisis, which also implicates a moral crisis for the human species. In this work, we attempt to understand the extent to what the extinction of species is a legitimate subject of moral concern and we consider which philosophical arguments are formulated to justify the protection of species. We also investigate the historical causes behind this delayed awareness of the ecological significance of extinction. Both the slow intellectual development of the idea of extinction thoughout human history and the scientific emergence of the concept are explained. Finally, we investigate the notion of extinction through the idea of individual death. We employ a comparative phenomenological and epistemological approach towards death and extinction, which leads us to expound an original solution to the isuue of nature conservation
Delfour, Odile. "La conservation des espèces menacées d'extinction : étude de droit comparé : Espagne, Etats-Unis, France, Grande Bretagne, Suisse." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010284.
Full textIt is now obvious that fauna and flora are more and more threatened. To reverse this trend, governments have tried to develop legal mechanisms. It is nevertheless clear that the prohibition of the taking and trade of individuals animals and plants can not achieve this goal by its own. It's why it is clearly essential that legislator should adress all threats to a species. But, because, theses measures impose restrictions on public freedoms and private property and limits certain activities, they are not always very popular. Or, it is essential to facilitate the acceptance of conservation need by laying down a clear duty for the state and its citizens to preserve biological diversity or, at international level, by using the concept of common humankind which encompasses present and future generations
Novi, Kristanti Alfinda. "Etude phytochimique de plantes menacées de disparition." Mulhouse, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MULH0482.
Full textFontaine, Benoît. "La connaissance taxonomique des espèces rares : outil ou handicap pour la conservation de la biodiversité ?" Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MNHN0028.
Full textThe abundance of rare and small species is a characteristic of biodiversity, and these species are the least known. Moreover, ca. 1. 75 million species are known, but the global magnitude of biodiversity is probably over 10 million species, maybe many more. Last but not least, we are experiencing a major extinction crisis. Documenting biodiversity is thus a priority, if only to preserve it. Taxonomists are responsible for this documentation, as these are the ones who discover and describe species, but they suffer from a lack of manpower and infrastructure. Considering these facts (lack of knowledge on biodiversity, extinction crisis, taxonomic impediment), we examine the role taxonomists could play in conservation. The core of taxonomical work is double: discriminating species, and naming them. Discriminating species, before naming, gives data on species richness, rarity and size patterns, and could help the choice of conservation areas. When species are named, assessing endemism and threat status is possible, which also allows to orientate conservation actions. We illustrate these contributions to conservation with papers presenting results of terrestrial mollusc inventories in Gabon and French Polynesia. We then analyze the Fauna Europaea database, compiled by taxonomists, which shows that the indicators usually used to measure the state of biodiversity are missing most species and give a partial image of the situation. This thesis ends with an assessment of the interest and possibility of having a French scientific nomenclature for the molluscs of France, to facilitate conservation of poorly-known threatened species. Only taxonomists can deliver data on specific richness and patterns of endemism for the most numerous and least known species. Their contribution allows to take into account all biodiversity, and not only large vertebrates and flowering plants. In this framework, their role is crucial in conservation biology, together with population biologists, geneticists and ecologists
Pere, Anthony. "Déclin des populations de langouste rouge et baisse de la ressource halieutique en Corse : causes et perspectives." Corte, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CORT0004.
Full textNumerous studies have dealt with the decrease of marine resources across the world. This decrease started many years ago, and caused a currently observed major crisis in the fishing industry. On the coasts of the North-eastern Atlantic, notably in Brittany, Plinurus elephas has been traditionally exploited. However, the red spiny lobster is now a bycatch because of its excessive fishing. In Corsica, the small-scale fishing fleet is mostly composed of little artisanal boats. Of all caught species, Palinurus elephas is the most valuable one, and, as a result, it is targeted by most fishmen during the 7-months fishing season. Most recent fisheries management studies agre with the view that in Corsican the coastal fleet seems to be a model of sustainable exploitation. However, the red spiny lobsters populations seem to decrease since the 50's. In this context, the aim of this thesis is to understand if the decline of Plinurus elephas population is a consequence of overfishing. This population drop could indeed be caused by several biological, ecological or climatic reasons. To achieve this goal, we started with a thorough, in-deep examination of available literature. An important part of this study consisted in collection of past biological and ecological data about European spiny lobster species and, more generally, Plinuridae. We also looked for old data concerning fishing effort and captures, at different levels : official numbers, scientific articles, local institution reports or other confidential documents. Finally, since 2004, an on-board monitoring programme took place for collection of reliable information; Fleet characteristics, capture and fishing effort data, as well as lobster population structure were studied. We first used old and recent data to follow fleet evolution since the last century. These data were also used to reconstruct captures and fishing efforts from 1950 to 2011. Our results point out an important capture decrease during the 20 th century. This trend started during the 1950's and 1960s, when trammel nets were introduced and substitued to traditional wood traps. The fishing effort (i. E. , the number of lobster nets) nevertheless seemed to decrease accordingly. Results from this first step indicated that a micro-regional analysis was necessary for a correct perception of the Corsican spiny lobster fisheries. This analysis revealed that exploitation intensity widely varied among different areas around the island. Moreover, landings and catch rates showed an important spatial and temporal variability. This could be caused by changes in recruitement. However, recruitement processes of this species are still poorly understood. To fill this gap, several biological investigations were carried out. We focused on sexual maturity, hatching behaviours, and larval and post-larval stages. These results improve our understanding of population parameters, and open different perspectives for future research. Finally, all the data collected during this thesis are discussed from the management strategies point of view, with the double objective of 1) allowing spiny lobster populations to reach a sustainable level and 2) preserve the traditional fishing activity in Corsica
Comte, Lise. "Changements globaux et distribution spatiale des espèces de poisson d'eau douce : observations récentes et prédictions futures." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2258/.
Full textDespite increasing recognition that recent climate changes are influencing biodiversity, the specific impacts of those changes are still largely unknown. This thesis highlights systematic stream fish species shifts towards higher elevation and upstream habitats, consistent with the geographic variation associated with climate change. The results demonstrated, however, that patterns in climate-driven range shifts were less marked than those attributed to non-climatic drivers, suggesting more severe longer-term effects of climate warming on stream fish and profound consequences on the ability of species to cope with future climate modifications. Nevertheless, the results also provide evidence that several mechanisms are linked to species' evolutionary history and some key biological and ecological traits, allowing species to persist in situ or to track their climatic niche through space. These research findings improve our ability to anticipate future climate change-induced impacts and will assist with initiating effective conservation and management strategies, which can no longer be effectively designed without taking into account climate change
Bourahrouh, Ahmed. "Chitinozoaires et palynomorphes de l'ordovicien supérieur nord-Gondwanien : impact de la glaciation ashgillienne." Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10051.
Full textGascuel, Fanny. "Processus d'émergence des patrons de diversité supra-spécifiques lors des radiations évolutives." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066124/document.
Full textEvolutionary radiations are phenomena of rapid diversification, and one of the major sources of biodiversity on Earth. Here, I explore the hypothesis that ecological and genetic mechanisms underpinning evolutionary radiations structure macroecological and macroevolutionary patterns of diversity. To this end, I analyse the predictions of several models in which radiations emerge from spatio-temporal dynamics at the scale of the individual. These analyses first show that spatial structure is a major driver of diversity and endemism on oceanic archipelagos due to interactions between dispersal and allopatric speciation. Second, by integrating landscape dynamics and the processes of competitive interactions, I reveal how these factors combine to shape phylogenetic trees, and in particular to beget trees that are unbalanced and exhibit a deceleration in branching tempo, which is often observed on molecular phylogenies. I then explore the mechanisms responsible for this deceleration. I show that it reflects a negative diversity-dependence of the speciation rate, itself linked to a reduction in the persistence and ecological differentiation of new populations. The extinction rate is, on the other hand, uninfluenced by species diversity, extinctions being here mainly caused by a combinaison of competitive exclusion and hybridization of incipient species. Finally, I show that during mass extinctions the ranked topology of phylogenetic trees and the distribution of extinctions among the tips have a strong impact on the loss of phylogenetic diversity, and hence on the potential for future evolution
Deschamps-Cottin, Magali. "Facteurs écologiques de la distribution de Parnassius Apollo L. (Lepidoptera : papillionidae), du maintien et de l'extinction des populations en France. Conséquences pour l'établissement d'une politique de conservation efficace." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11081.
Full textBooks on the topic "Extinction des espèces"
Buffetaut, Eric. Sommes-nous tous voués à disparaître?: Idées reçues sur l'extinction des espèces. Paris: Le Cavalier Bleu éditions, 2012.
Find full textJake, Page, ed. The great dinosaur extinction controversy. Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley, 1996.
Find full textFastovsky, David E. The evolution and extinction of the dinosaurs. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Find full textFastovsky, David E. The evolution and extinction of the dinosaurs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Find full textLavoie, Jean-Guy. Les espèces menacées aux États-Unis: Bref aperçu de la législation fédérale et des actions de certains intervenants. Sainte-Foy, Qué: Fondation pour la sauvegarde des espèces menacées, 1985.
Find full textLavoie, Jean-Guy. Biologie de l'extinction. Sainte-Foy, Qué: Fondation pour la sauvegarde des espèces menacées, 1985.
Find full textQuammen, David. The song of the dodo: Island biogeography in an age of extinctions. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997.
Find full textQuammen, David. The Song of the Dodo: Island Biogeography in an Age of Extinction. New York: Scribner, 1996.
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