Academic literature on the topic 'Extraction (Chemistry) Forensic toxicology'

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Journal articles on the topic "Extraction (Chemistry) Forensic toxicology"

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Fabris, André Luis, and Mauricio Yonamine. "Dried matrix spots in forensic toxicology." Bioanalysis 13, no. 18 (2021): 1441–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio-2021-0135.

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Dried matrix spots (DMS) has gained the attention of different professionals in different fields, including toxicology. Investigations have been carried out in order to assess the potential of using DMS for the analysis of illicit substances, the main interest of forensic toxicologists. This technique uses minimal volumes of samples and solvents, resulting in simple and rapid extraction procedures. Furthermore, it has proved to increase analyte stability, improving storage and transportation. However, DMS presents some limitations: the hematocrit influencing accuracy and inconsistencies regard
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Linhares, Ana Luiza Freitas de Assis, and Mauricio Yonamine. "Analysis of biofluids by paper spray-MS in forensic toxicology." Bioanalysis 12, no. 15 (2020): 1087–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio-2020-0160.

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Direct ambient ionization techniques have been developed with the aim to reduce the complexity of mass spectrometry analysis by minimizing sample preparation and chromatographic separation. In this context, paper spray-MS (PS-MS) is an innovative approach that provides faster and cheaper analysis of biofluids by the addition of the sample directly to a paper. In forensic toxicology, the analytical workflow for the detection and quantification of drugs of abuse is onerous, including sample treatment, extraction and clean up, especially regarding complex biological matrices. PS-MS allows the det
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Osak, Marcin, Grzegorz Buszewicz, Jacek Baj, and Grzegorz Teresiński. "Determination of Cyanide in Blood for Forensic Toxicology Purposes—A Novel Nci Gc-Ms/Ms Technique." Molecules 26, no. 18 (2021): 5638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26185638.

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One of the recently evolving methods for cyanide determination in body fluids is GC-MS, following extractive alkylation with pentafluorobenzyl bromide or pentafluorobenzyl p-toluenesulfonate. The aim of this study was to improve previous GC methods by utilizing a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, which could enhance selectivity and sensitivity allowing for the reliable confirmation of cyanide exposure in toxicological studies. Another purpose of this study was to facilitate a case investigation including a determination of cyanide in blood and to use the obtained data to confirm the ingesti
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Boumba, Vassiliki A., Kallirroe S. Ziavrou, and Theodore Vougiouklakis. "Hair as a Biological Indicator of Drug Use, Drug Abuse or Chronic Exposure to Environmental Toxicants." International Journal of Toxicology 25, no. 3 (2006): 143–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10915810600683028.

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In recent years hair has become a fundamental biological specimen, alternative to the usual samples blood and urine, for drug testing in the fields of forensic toxicology, clinical toxicology and clinical chemistry. Moreover, hair-testing is now extensively used in workplace testing, as well as, on legal cases, historical research etc. This article reviews methodological and practical issues related to the application of hair as a biological indicator of drug use/abuse or of chronic exposure to environmental toxicants. Hair structure and the mechanisms of drug incorporation into it are comment
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Lundegard, Paul D., Robert E. Sweeney, and Victoria Corona. "Supercritical Fluid Extraction for Forensic Analysis of Hydrocarbons in Soil." Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal 11, no. 3 (2002): 414–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20025891107393.

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Manousi, Natalia, and Victoria F. Samanidou. "Recent Advances in the HPLC Analysis of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Bio-Samples." Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 20, no. 1 (2020): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557519666190617150518.

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: Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) are a group of the main category of antidepressant drugs, which are commonly prescribed to treat major depressive disorder. Determination of TCA drugs is very important for clinical and forensic toxicology, especially for therapeutic drug monitoring in various biofluids. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a well-established technique for this purpose. A lot of progress has been made in this field since the past 10 years. Novel extraction techniques, and novel materials for sample preparation, novel columns and novel applications of analysis of v
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Skillman, Britni, and Sarah Kerrigan. "Identification of Suvorexant in Blood Using LC–MS-MS: Important Considerations for Matrix Effects and Quantitative Interferences in Targeted Assays." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 44, no. 3 (2019): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkz083.

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Abstract Suvorexant (Belsomra®) is a novel dual orexin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of insomnia. The prevalence of suvorexant in forensic samples is relatively unknown, which demonstrates the need for robust analytical assays for the detection of this sedative hypnotic in forensic toxicology laboratories. In this study, suvorexant was isolated from whole blood using a simple acidic/neutral liquid–liquid extraction followed by analysis by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Matrix effects were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively using various extracti
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Ferreira, Elisa, Francisco Corte Real, Teresa Pinho e Melo, and Cláudia Margalho. "A Novel Bioanalytical Method for the Determination of Opioids in Blood and Pericardial Fluid." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 44, no. 8 (2020): 754–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkaa064.

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Abstract Opioids are the drugs most commonly detected in overdose deaths and the second most consumed worldwide. An analytical methodology has been optimized and fully validated for the determination of codeine, morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, 6-acetylcodeine, oxycodone, oxymorphone and fentanyl in whole blood and pericardial fluid. The internal standards used were codeine-d3, morphine-d3, 6-acetylmorphine-d3 and fentanyl-d5. Before solid-phase extraction, volumes of 250 μL of blood and pericardial fluid were subjected to a protein precipitation (with 750 μL of ice-cold acetonitrile) and a microwa
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Wang, Le-le, Xin-xin Ren, Yi He, Guan-feng Cui, Zhi-wen Wei, and Ke-ming Yun. "An Experimental Pharmacokinetics Study of Diazepam and Its Metabolites in Oral Fluid of Chinese Population." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 44, no. 4 (2020): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkz101.

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Abstract Diazepam abuse is widespread all over the word, leading to an increasing number of forensic cases such as suicide, drug-driving and robbery, but relevant studies are limited regarding the extraction of diazepam and its metabolites in oral fluid. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of diazepam and its metabolites in oral fluid after a single oral dose in healthy volunteers. There was a total of 28 volunteers, and each ingested 5 mg diazepam orally, then ~2 mL oral fluid were collected from each participant at post-consumption time-points of prior (zero), 1, 2, 4, 8, 12
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De Giovanni, Nadia, and Daniela Marchetti. "A Systematic Review of Solid-Phase Microextraction Applications in the Forensic Context." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 44, no. 3 (2019): 268–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkz077.

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Abstract Since the introduction in 1990, the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technology has brought significant progress in many fields of forensic sciences due to the versatility of this fast and solventless alternative to conventional extraction techniques. A systematic review about SPME applications in forensic context from January 1995 to June 2018 was carried out according to systematic review guidelines. The majority of the reviewed articles (40/133) aimed to identify drugs (cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates, amphetamines, simultaneous detection of different drugs of abuse, prescribed dr
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Extraction (Chemistry) Forensic toxicology"

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Peterson, Kristina L. "Advances in flow extraction techniques : applications in forensic toxicology /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11552.

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Kashkary, Loay M. T. "Development of a combined DNA and drug extraction methodology for forensic toxicology application." Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11661.

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Biological samples recovered at crime scenes may contain unsuspected and valuable evidence, such as illicit drugs, in addition to nucleic acids. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis provides valuable information to identify a suspect or victim, as well as to exclude an innocent individual as the perpetrator of a crime. Identification of drugs can also be very informative for forensic investigation to determine whether a perpetrator committed a crime under the influence of illicit substances. In the field of forensic analysis, sample preparation for identifying both DNA and drugs of abuse repre
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Harun, Norlida. "Application of molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to forensic toxicology." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1992/.

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The rapid growth of ketamine and amphetamine misuse worldwide has led to the development of methods for the detection and analysis of ketamine and amphetamines in biological specimens. Most methods previously developed in forensic toxicology for the detection of ketamine and amphetamines used GC-MS. The present work developed alternative methods based on LC-MS/MS. Ketamine was chosen as the drug of interest because there are no data currently available on the extent of ketamine abuse in Malaysia even though a large amount of ketamine has been seized by the Malaysian Royal Police, while ampheta
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Pipes, Latisha C. "Detection of Illicit Drug Use in Blood: A Validation Study of Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1587613608312474.

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Ariffin, Marinah Mohd. "The application of novel extraction and analytical techniques in forensic toxicology." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4144/.

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The aim of this study was to investigate new methods of analysis which might be applied to forensic toxicology problems including those resulting from pesticides, particularly the quaternary ammonium herbicide group, and from drugs, particularly the benzodiazepine group. In the first part of this study, an efficient method for the determination of quaternary ammonium (QA) compounds (pesticides and drugs) in human whole blood was developed. The second part of this study concerned the development of a novel sorbents for solid phase extraction using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). The appr
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Allen, Desiree Lisa. "The applications of supercritical fluid and solid-phase extraction techniques for the recovery of drugs of abuse from biological matrices." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249963.

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Betit, Caroline. "COMPARISON OF MULTIPLE DRUG AND METABOLITE LEVELS RECOVERED FROM SKELETONIZED REMAINS FOLLOWING STANDARD PASSIVE EXTRACTION, MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION AND ULTRASONIC SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND GC-MS OR UPLC-DAD." Thesis, Laurentian University of Sudbury, 2014. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2136.

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Swortwood, Madeleine Jean. "Comprehensive Forensic Toxicological Analysis of Designer Drugs." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/997.

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New designer drugs are constantly emerging onto the illicit drug market and it is often difficult to validate and maintain comprehensive analytical methods for accurate detection of these compounds. Generally, toxicology laboratories utilize a screening method, such as immunoassay, for the presumptive identification of drugs of abuse. When a positive result occurs, confirmatory methods, such as gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS), are required for more sensitive and specific analyses. In recent years, the need to study the activities of the
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Lee, Emma-Jane. "Forensic sample analysis using supercritical fluid extraction coupled with solid phase microextraction." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2007. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/forensic-sample-analysis-using-supercritical-fluid-extraction-coupled-with-solid-phase-microextraction(0159ef22-bb14-433f-a50f-2bd2773ef937).html.

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A third of adults in the UK admit to using controlled substances at least once hi their lives and the most commonly abused drug was found to be cannabis, followed by the opiates and ecognine derivatives. Forensic laboratories are continually trying to reduce the turnaround time for samples submitted for analysis, to less than the current time of four days. One of the main aims of this work was to reduce the time taken to prepare, extract and analyse hair for target analytes. A new method combining supercritical fluid extraction and solid phase micro-extraction (SFE/SPME) is introduced. This co
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Rafael, Venson. "Hollow-fibre liquid-phase microextraction : investigation into the potential use in clinical and forensic toxicology." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8697/.

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Hollow-fibre liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) was introduced in 1999 as a miniaturised version of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) in order to reduce the consumption of organic solvents and offer an environmentally-friendly approach to extraction procedures. Since then, several studies have been published in the field of forensic and clinical toxicology applying the technique to a broad range of analytes; however more studies are necessary regarding its applicability to bioanalyses. The principle of HF-LPME is the extraction of analytes across a thin supported liquid membrane within the wa
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Books on the topic "Extraction (Chemistry) Forensic toxicology"

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Peterson, Kristina L. Advances in flow extraction techniques: Applications in forensic toxicology. [s.n.], 1997.

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American Academy of Forensic Sciences. Forensic toxicology: Proceedings 2002-2011. American Academy of Forensic Sciences, 2011.

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Laboratory, FBI, ed. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Forensic Toxicology. The Laboratory Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Dept. of Justice, 1992.

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Dascil-Cañete, Arlyn M. Essentials of forensic chemistry and toxicology: In criminal justice system. Wiseman's Books Trading, 2010.

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Forensic toxicology: Medico-legal case studies. CRC Press, 2012.

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American Chemical Society. Committee on Professional Training. Directory of graduate research 1999: Faculties, publications, and doctoral and master's theses in departments or divisions of chemistry, chemical engineering, biochemistry, medicinal/pharmaceutical chemistry, clinical chemistry, polymer science, food science, forensic science, marine science, toxicology, materials science, and environmental science at universities in the United States and Canada. American Chemical Society, 1999.

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Forensic and clinical applications of solid phase extraction. Humana Press, 2004.

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Telepchak, Michael J. Forensic and Clinical Applications of Solid Phase Extraction. Springer, 2010.

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Villaraza, Beaune. Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology: Methods of Analysis. Independently Published, 2020.

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Forensic Toxicology: Drug Use and Misuse. Royal Society of Chemistry, The, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Extraction (Chemistry) Forensic toxicology"

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Ferslew, Kenneth E. "Specimen Preparation/Extraction." In Principles of Forensic Toxicology. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42917-1_9.

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Elkins, Kelly M. "Toxicology." In Introduction to Forensic Chemistry. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429454530-9.

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Hoffman, Donald B., Beth E. Zedeck, and Morris S. Zedeck. "Fundamental Issues of Postmortem Toxicology." In Forensic Chemistry Handbook. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118062241.ch13.

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Telepchak, Michael J., Thomas F. August, and Glynn Chaney. "Drug Methods for the Toxicology Lab." In Forensic and Clinical Applications of Solid Phase Extraction. Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-292-0_9.

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Centeno, José A., Todor I. Todorov, Gijsbert B. van der Voet, and Florabel G. Mullick. "Metal Toxicology in Clinical, Forensic, and Chemical Pathology." In Analytical Techniques for Clinical Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118271858.ch6.

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Telepchak, Michael J., Thomas F. August, and Glynn Chaney. "The Chemistry of Bonded Silicas." In Forensic and Clinical Applications of Solid Phase Extraction. Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-292-0_3.

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Mishra, Amarnath. "Forensic Chemistry & Toxicology." In Medical Toxicology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91961.

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Jaiswal, AK, and Tabin Millo. "Extraction/Isolation and Clean-up Methods." In Handbook of Forensic Analytical Toxicology. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12353_3.

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Kronstrand, Robert, Malin Forsman, and Tor Seldén. "Hair Sample Preparation, Extraction, and Screening Procedures for Drugs of Abuse and Pharmaceuticals." In Hair Analysis in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-801700-5.00002-9.

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Griep, Mark A., and Marjorie L. Mikasen. "Hard Science = Hard Evidence: Forensic Chemistry and Chemical Detectives." In ReAction! Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195326925.003.0011.

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Someone killed the mayor of Chatsberg using a makeshift pipe bomb in Kid Glove Killer (1942). It was connected with a wire to the electrical system of the mayor’s automobile and exploded when he turned the ignition key. The two members of the Chatsberg police forensic team, supervisor Gordon McKay (Van Heflin) and his assistant Jane “Mitchell” Mitchell (Marsha Hunt), visit the crime scene to collect clues such as a coat fiber caught in the garage door, the exploded bomb fragments with attached wire, and the burlap bag beneath the automobile. Their hypothesis is never stated, but it is clear from their actions they are using Locard’s exchange principle: “Every contact leaves a trace.” McKay and Mitchell focus their subsequent efforts on finding physical evidence on suspects that connects them with the material collected at the crime scene. In forensic science, crime scene reconstruction is the “thought experiment,” the documented crime scene is the “effect,” and the evidence is used to establish “cause.” In the case of murder, “cause” equates to who did what to whom. An examination of the chemistry in detective and spy movies shows they fall into the two main categories of elemental analysis or qualitative analysis. Most qualitative analyses fall under the category of forensic toxicology, the identification and quantification of drugs and poisons. Toxicology also happens to be one of the oldest branches of forensic chemistry. None of the movies shows the creation or even improvement of a chemical procedure. Instead, chemistry plays an infallible supporting role in solving a crime or mystery. For instance, in Kid Glove Killer, elemental analysis determines that vanadium was present as a tracer in the gunpowder but is not under the fingernails of the prime suspect, thereby decisively eliminating him as a suspect in the eyes of the forensic experts. The actual proof linking the killer to the crime scene does not involve chemistry but, rather, repetitive routine testing coupled with good guesswork. Even though the ability to detect arsenic in body tissues in 1815 gave chemical forensics its start (see “Limits of Detection,” below), the next advances in forensics were philosophical.
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Conference papers on the topic "Extraction (Chemistry) Forensic toxicology"

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Cieslinski, Benjamin, Mohamed Gharib, Brady Creel, and Tala Katbeh. "A Model Science-Based Learning STEM Program." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10352.

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Abstract In this paper, a model STEM program called Engineering Heroes: Qatar Special Investigators (QSI), aimed to familiarize young students with science and engineering in real life applications, is presented. The program theme is about forensic science and technology, which included science and engineering activities with hands-on projects to challenge students’ science and critical thinking skills. Throughout the program, students learned about forensic science as an application of science, engineering and technology to collect, preserve, and analyze evidence to be used in the course of a
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