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Academic literature on the topic 'Extractions SPE'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Extractions SPE"

Tartaglia, Angela, Marcello Locatelli, Abuzar Kabir, Kenneth G. Furton, Daniela Macerola, Elena Sperandio, Silvia Piccolantonio, et al. "Comparison between Exhaustive and Equilibrium Extraction Using Different SPE Sorbents and Sol-Gel Carbowax 20M Coated FPSE Media." Molecules 24, no. 3 (January 22, 2019): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030382.

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This paper reports the performance comparison between the exhaustive and equilibrium extraction using classical Avantor C18 solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbent, hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) SPE sorbent, Sep-Pak C18 SPE sorbent, novel sol-gel Carbowax 20M (sol-gel CW 20M) SPE sorbent, and sol-gel CW 20M coated fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) media for the simultaneous extraction and analysis of three inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) drugs that possess logP values (polarity) ranging from 1.66 for cortisone, 2.30 for ciprofloxacin, and 2.92 for sulfasalazine. Both the commercial SPE phases and in-house synthesized sol-gel CW 20M SPE phases were loaded in SPE cartridges and the extractions were carried out under an exhaustive extraction mode. FPSE was carried out under an equilibrium extraction mode. The drug compounds were resolved using a Luna C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm; 5 m particle size) in gradient elution mode within 20 min and the method was validated in compliance with international guidelines for the bioanalytical method validation. Novel in-house synthesized and loaded sol-gel CW 20M SPE sorbent cartridges were characterized in terms of their extraction capability, breakthrough volume, retention volume, hold-up volume, number of the theoretical plate, and the retention factor.

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Zou, Wei, Chris Lusk, Dale Messer, and Ralph Lane. "Fat Contents of Cereal Foods: Comparison of Classical with Recently Developed Extraction Techniques." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.1.141.

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Abstract Eight cereal products ranging from a fat-free ready- to-eat (RTE) cereal (frosted flakes) to a full-fat high- ratio cake mix were subjected to analyte separation by anhydrous diethyl ether extraction (EE), acid hydrolysis/mixed ether extraction (AH), solid-phase extraction (SPE), and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with CO2 and with CO2 modified with 15% ethanol (SFEmod). Gravimetric analyses of extracts indicated higher (P ≤ 0.05) crude fat values by AH than by EE, SFE, or SFEmod. Extractions followed by fatty acid methyl ester analysis also produced higher (P ≤ 0.05) triglyceride means by AH than by other methods used for heat-treated RTE cereals and for ready-to-cook (RTC) cream of wheat. Therefore, for labeling purposes, AH seems most appropriate because in most cases it achieves higher triglyceride values than extraction with solvent(s) alone. SFE and SPE, on the other hand, yield fat values similar to those obtained by EE and offer the advantages of reduced solvent volume, short extraction times, and ease of laboratory automation.

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Vieira, Eny M., and Francis I. Onuska. "Extraction and Determination of RDX and HMX in Water." Water Quality Research Journal 34, no. 3 (August 1, 1999): 533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1999.026.

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Abstract The analysis of energetic materials such as RDX and HMX in water at trace levels was accomplished by using micro-extraction by miscible solvents, such as acetonitrile, 2-propanol and acetone, and salting out the organic phase. This paper compares the results obtained with solid-phase extraction (SPE) to those obtained by demixing techniques for spiked Milli-Q water and an unfiltered lake water. A review of the data indicates that demixing with acetonitrile-sodium chloride and 2-propanol ammonium sulfate gives better extraction recoveries than solid-phase extraction. Salting-out extractions are performed in less time and with less solvent than by SPE techniques.

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Yung An, Chua, Md Murad Hossain, Fahmida Alam, Md Asiful Islam, Md Ibrahim Khalil, Nadia Alam, and Siew Hua Gan. "Efficiency of Polyphenol Extraction from Artificial Honey Using C18 Cartridges and Amberlite® XAD-2 Resin: A Comparative Study." Journal of Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8356739.

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A comparative study of the extraction efficiency of nine known polyphenols [phenolic acids (benzoic acid, dihydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, and vanillic acid) and flavonoids (naringenin, naringin, quercetin, and rutin)] was conducted by deliberately adding the polyphenols to an artificial honey solution and performing solid phase extraction (SPE). Two SPE methods were compared: one using Amberlite XAD-2 resin and another one using a C18 cartridge. A gradient high performance liquid chromatography system with an RP18 column and photodiode array detector was utilized to analyze the extracted polyphenols. The mean percent of recovery from the C18 cartridges was 74.2%, while that from the Amberlite XAD-2 resin was 43.7%. The recoveries of vanillic acid, naringin, and rutin were excellent (>90%); however, gallic acid was not obtained when C18 cartridges were used. Additionally, the reusability of Amberlite XAD-2 resin was investigated, revealing that the mean recovery of polyphenols decreased from 43.7% (1st extraction) to 29.3% (3rd extraction). It was concluded that although Amberlite XAD-2 resin yielded a higher number of compounds, C18 cartridges gave a better extraction recovery. The lower recovery seen for the Amberlite XAD-2 resin also cannot be compensated by repeated extractions due to the gradual decrease of extraction recovery when reused.

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Shyam Sunder, Govind Sharma, Sandhya Adhikari, Ahmad Rohanifar, Abiral Poudel, and Jon R. Kirchhoff. "Evolution of Environmentally Friendly Strategies for Metal Extraction." Separations 7, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations7010004.

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The demand for the recovery of valuable metals and the need to understand the impact of heavy metals in the environment on human and aquatic life has led to the development of new methods for the extraction, recovery, and analysis of metal ions. With special emphasis on environmentally friendly approaches, efforts have been made to consider strategies that minimize the use of organic solvents, apply micromethodology, limit waste, reduce costs, are safe, and utilize benign or reusable materials. This review discusses recent developments in liquid- and solid-phase extraction techniques. Liquid-based methods include advances in the application of aqueous two- and three-phase systems, liquid membranes, and cloud point extraction. Recent progress in exploiting new sorbent materials for solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and bulk extractions will also be discussed.

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Zuin, Vânia G., Vitaliy L. Budarin, Mario De bruyn, Peter S. Shuttleworth, Andrew J. Hunt, Camille Pluciennik, Aleksandra Borisova, Jennifer Dodson, Helen L. Parker, and James H. Clark. "Polysaccharide-derived mesoporous materials (Starbon®) for sustainable separation of complex mixtures." Faraday Discussions 202 (2017): 451–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7fd00056a.

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The recovery and separation of high value and low volume extractives are a considerable challenge for the commercial realisation of zero-waste biorefineries. Using solid-phase extractions (SPE) based on sustainable sorbents is a promising method to enable efficient, green and selective separation of these complex extractive mixtures. Mesoporous carbonaceous solids derived from renewable polysaccharides are ideal stationary phases due to their tuneable functionality and surface structure. In this study, the structure–separation relationships of thirteen polysaccharide-derived mesoporous materials and two modified types as sorbents for ten naturally-occurring bioactive phenolic compounds were investigated. For the first time, a comprehensive statistical analysis of the key molecular and surface properties influencing the recovery of these species was carried out. The obtained results show the possibility of developing tailored materials for purification, separation or extraction, depending on the molecular composition of the analyte. The wide versatility and application span of these polysaccharide-derived mesoporous materials offer new sustainable and inexpensive alternatives to traditional silica-based stationary phases.

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Bianchi, Sauro, Gerald Koch, Ron Janzon, Ingo Mayer, Bodo Saake, and Frédéric Pichelin. "Hot water extraction of Norway spruce (Picea abies [Karst.]) bark: analyses of the influence of bark aging and process parameters on the extract composition." Holzforschung 70, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 619–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2015-0160.

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Abstract The hot water (HW) extraction of Norway spruce (Picea abies [Karst.]) delivers condensed tannins and considerable amounts of other compounds. Yield and composition of the HW extracts were investigated as a function of natural weathering for up to 15 months. Total phenol monomers and oligomers were detected by Folin-Ciocaltau assay after fractionation by solid phase extraction (SPE). Procyanidins (PC) were determined by HPLC-UV after acid thiolysis and carbohydrates by HPLC combined with acid hydrolysis. Topochemistry of the bark before and after extraction was investigated by UV-microspectrometry (UMSP) and non-extractable PC analyzed by direct thiolysis on the bark. The influence of the parameters on the yield and composition of the extracts were evaluated, such as the extraction temperature, time and the addition of sodium sulfate and urea. Prolonged weathering resulted in a considerable decrease of the total extraction yield, partly because of leaching of phenolic monomers, mono- and oligosaccharides. The yield of phenolic oligomers also decreased at a moderate rate, while the yield of polysaccharides (pectins) was almost stable. Non-extractable and non-leachable compounds deposited in the cell lumens represent the majority of the phenolic extractives in spruce bark. Sequential extractions performed at increasing temperature proved to be a suitable method for the recovery of tannin-rich extracts.

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Kraševec, Ida, and Helena Prosen. "Solid-Phase Extraction of Polar Benzotriazoles as Environmental Pollutants: A Review." Molecules 23, no. 10 (September 29, 2018): 2501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102501.

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Polar benzotriazoles are corrosion inhibitors with widespread use; they are environmentally characterized as emerging pollutants in the water system, where they are present in low concentrations. Various extraction methods have been used for their separation from various matrices, ranging from classical liquid–liquid extractions to various microextraction techniques, but the most frequently applied extraction technique remains the solid-phase extraction (SPE), which is the focus of this review. We present an overview of the methods, developed in the last decade, applied for the determination of benzotriazoles in aqueous and solid environmental samples. Several other matrices, such as human urine and plant material, are also considered in the text. The methods are reviewed according to the determined compounds, sample matrices, cartridges and eluents used, extraction recoveries and the achieved limits of quantification. A critical evaluation of the advantages and drawbacks of the published methods is given.

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Bajkacz, Sylwia, Jakub Adamek, and Anna Sobska. "Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents and Ionic Liquids in the Extraction of Catechins from Tea." Molecules 25, no. 14 (July 14, 2020): 3216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25143216.

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This work aimed to comprehensively evaluate the potential and effectiveness of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in the extraction of seven catechins from various tea samples. Different combinations of DES were used, consisting of Girard’s reagent T (GrT) in various mixing ratios with organic acids and choline chloride. The yields of the DES extractions were compared with those from ionic liquids and conventional solvent. DES contained malic acid, as the hydrogen bond donors showed a good solubility of catechins with different polarities. In the second part of the study, a solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was applied to the extraction of catechins from tea infusions. The method was applied to the determination of selected catechins in tea leaves and tea infusions. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the proposed procedure works well in the simultaneous monitoring of these polyphenols, which makes it a useful tool in the quality control of tea.

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Makowicz, Ewa, Izabela Jasicka-Misiak, Dariusz Teper, and Paweł Kafarski. "HPTLC Fingerprinting—Rapid Method for the Differentiation of Honeys of Different Botanical Origin Based on the Composition of the Lipophilic Fractions." Molecules 23, no. 7 (July 21, 2018): 1811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071811.

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Bee honey possess various nutritional and medicinal functions, which are the result of its diverse chemical composition. The numerous bioactive compounds in honey come from flower nectar; thus, the identification of the specific chemical profiles of honey samples is of great importance. The lipophilic compounds from eight monofloral honeys (rape, buckwheat, clover, willow, milk thistle, dandelion, raspberry and sweet yellow clover) were investigated. Analyses of the lipophilic fractions obtained by UAE (ultrasound assisted extraction) and SPE (solid phase extraction) extractions were performed using high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Chromatographic and cluster analyses allowed the identification of a unique, colorful pattern of separated compounds with specific Rf values on the HPTLC plate for each type of monofloral honey. HPTLC is a simple and effective visual method of analysis, and it can serve as a basis for authenticating different types of honey.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Extractions SPE"

Haider, Waqar. "Caractérisation de la composition physico-chimique de pommeaux de Normandie : Détermination de la composition volatile par chromatographie en phase gazeuse après extractions par SPE et MEPS." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN2078.

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Cette étude constitue, à notre connaissance, la première caractérisation physico-chimique complète des « Pommeaux de Normandie ». Ils possèdent un titre alcoométrique moyen de 16,3% (v/v) et un pH compris entre 3,7 et 4,1. Les acidités totale et volatile y sont assez faibles et corrélées à de faibles quantités en acide malique (environ 1,6 g. L-1) ainsi qu’à des concentrations assez fortes en sucres réducteurs (79-109 g. L-1). Les métaux alcalins et alcalino-terreux (K, Ca, Na, Mg) sont les éléments les plus concentrés. De faibles contenus en métaux de transition (Zn, Pb, Cu, Fe) sont retrouvés dans les échantillons les plus limpides. 124 composés organiques volatils (COVs) ont été identifiés par GC-MS après SPE et fractionnements par chromatographie sur colonne. Le potentiel de deux méthodes a été comparé pour doser 14 composés majeurs par GC-FID. La SPE (support terre de diatomées) s’est avérée être relativement imprécise. Au contraire, la MEPS (adsorbant C18) a été démontrée comme étant répétable (1,5 à 8%). Au préalable, une étape d’optimisation a consisté à évaluer le solvant le plus adapté pour l’élution (dichlorométhane) et le nombre adéquat d’extraction par échantillon (4x100 L). Cette dernière méthode a été validée et des limites de détection très faibles (autour de 10 g. L-1) ont pu être trouvées notamment pour les composés hydrophobes. Nous avons pu démontrer que la plupart des COVs proviennent de l’addition de Calvados lors de l’élaboration des Pommeaux. Les alcools supérieurs y sont prédominants (environ 800 mg. L-1) et leur présence est généralement corrélée à l’avancement de la fermentation alcoolique des cidres servant à élaborer les Calvados. Cette étude constitue, à notre connaissance, la première caractérisation physico-chimique complète des « Pommeaux de Normandie ». Ils possèdent un titre alcoométrique moyen de 16,3% (v/v) et un pH compris entre 3,7 et 4,1. Les acidités totale et volatile y sont assez faibles et corrélées à de faibles quantités en acide malique (environ 1,6 g. L-1) ainsi qu’à des concentrations assez fortes en sucres réducteurs (79-109 g. L-1). Les métaux alcalins et alcalino-terreux (K, Ca, Na, Mg) sont les éléments les plus concentrés. De faibles contenus en métaux de transition (Zn, Pb, Cu, Fe) sont retrouvés dans les échantillons les plus limpides. 124 composés organiques volatils (COVs) ont été identifiés par GC-MS après SPE et fractionnements par chromatographie sur colonne. Le potentiel de deux méthodes a été comparé pour doser 14 composés majeurs par GC-FID. La SPE (support terre de diatomées) s’est avérée être relativement imprécise. Au contraire, la MEPS (adsorbant C18) a été démontrée comme étant répétable (1,5 à 8%). Au préalable, une étape d’optimisation a consisté à évaluer le solvant le plus adapté pour l’élution (dichlorométhane) et le nombre adéquat d’extraction par échantillon (4x100 L). Cette dernière méthode a été validée et des limites de détection très faibles (autour de 10 g. L-1) ont pu être trouvées notamment pour les composés hydrophobes. Nous avons pu démontrer que la plupart des COVs proviennent de l’addition de Calvados lors de l’élaboration des Pommeaux. Les alcools supérieurs y sont prédominants (environ 800 mg. L-1) et leur présence est généralement corrélée à l’avancement de la fermentation alcoolique des cidres servant à élaborer les Calvados
This study focused on the first physico-chemical characterization of “Pommeaux de Normandie”. Pommeau is a traditional beverage from Normandy which is elaborated by mixing Calvados (1/3) and apple must (2/3). We showed that it contains a mean content of ethanol around 16. 3% (v/v) and a pH between 3. 7 and 4. 1. Total and volatile acidities are rather low if they are compared to other beverages; this is correlated with relatively low quantities of malic acid (around 1. 6 g. L-1) and relative high concentrations of reducing sugars (79-109 g. L-1). It reflects that producers are selecting higher proportions of sweet apples and lower proportions of acidic apples than for apple musts devoted to be transformed in commercialized ciders. Alkali and alkaline earth metals (K, Na, Ca, Mg) are the highest concentrated elements. A low content of transition metals (Zn, Pb, Cu, Fe) in the beverage seems to be correlated with a low turbidity of samples. The presence of 124 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was determined in Pommeau samples by GC-MS after Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and column chromatographic fractionations using a specific procedure of identification. 14 major VOCs were selected to be quantified. With the help of GC-FID analyses, the ability of two methods of sample preparation was compared to achieve this goal. SPE using diatomaceous earth as solid support was found to give imprecise results of concentration. On the contrary, Microextraction by Packed Sorbent (MEPS) using a C18 sorbent was repeatable (between 1. 5 and 8%). This was determined after a step of optimization of the method which consisted in selecting the most suitable solvent of elution (dichloromethane) and the adequate number of extraction of Pommeau samples (4x100 µL). The MEPS method was validated and exhibited low limits of detection mainly for hydrophobic compounds which can be detected at concentrations around 10 µg. L-1. After comparison of the contents in major VOCs of Pommeau and ciders, we showed that most of the VOCs of Pommeau are issuing from the addition of Calvados. Higher alcohols are predominant (around 800 mg. L-1) and, except butan-1-ol and hexan-1-ol, their presence in Pommeau is correlated to the extent of the alcoholic fermentation of ciders used to elaborate Calvados

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Vydrová, Lucie. "Využití separačních metod pro studium biologicky aktivních látek ve vodách." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233344.

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Pharmaceuticals are biological active compounds with different functional groups, physico-chemical and biological properties. These chemical compounds are called as “new contaminants” which cumulate in various environmental components. These contaminants input to environment from industrial processes, hospitals and health care institutions or household sources and these pollutants can to negatively interact with environmental components. Pharmaceuticals are separated according to structure and their effects to live organisms. On the basis of drug consumption in Czech Republic the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most using pharmaceuticals, because these drugs can be obtain without prescriptions. The choosing analgesics for study were monitored in waste water from waste waters treatment plant (WWTP Brno – Modřice) and in surface water from two sampling sites of river Kretinka. Pharmaceuticals were monitored in surface waters in Czech Republic, in Scotland (river Thurso) and in Taiwan (river Erren, Agongdian, Yanshuei and canal of Tainan) Solid phase extraction (SPE) is used for extraction of study pharmaceutical from water system. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection or mass spectrometry was used for determination of drugs in surface waters from Czech Republic. The water samples from Scotland and Taiwan were analysed and the high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) was used for determination of pharmaceuticals. The method of HPLC/MS enables the determination of study compounds in the very low range of concentrations (ng ? l-1). All monitored pharmaceuticals were identified and quantified in water samples from river Kretinka in Czech Republic, river Thurso (Scotland) and rivers Erren, Agongdian, Yanshuei and canal of Tainan in Taiwan and the obtained data were compared.

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Karlsson, Tufuga Anna. "Extraction efficacy of oil samples in forensic investigations using solid phase extraction (SPE)." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-84464.

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This study aims to complement the internationally implemented method “CEN/TR 15522-2: 2012 WATERBORNE PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS - PART 2” (CEN). It is a method for forensic investigations on oil spill identification using gas chromatography coupled with low resolution mass spectrometry in electron ionisation mode (GC-EI-MS), in single ion monitoring mode (SIM). The method uses hydrocarbon fingerprints and biomarker abundances to compare oils from spill sources with oil from suspected sources. This method is implemented by the national forensic centre (NFC) with their main object to perform and develop forensic investigations for successful law enforcement. The experiment uses four different matrices common within the NFC department: wood ash, soil, fabric and cotton swabs. The method evaluates how different sample preparation and clean-up techniques can extract crude oil and heavy fuel oil without losing important information such as the relative abundance of so-called biomarkers typically looked for in international standard praxis in forensic investigations. In conclusion the implemented CEN method showed a reasonably good extraction from matrixes. Extraction of biomarkers were generally quantitative. Extractions of PAHs worked best in soil and cotton swab matrices. In ash samples, the extraction was not very efficient (between 20-80%). It seems that the PAHs strongly bind to active coal in the ash and cannot be extracted fully. It was also evident that the fabric matrix used was problematic for PAH extraction. The fabric itself seemed to release compounds which interfere with the analysis. In soil samples, 31abR (a biomarker compound) was a reoccurring interference from the matrix. Furthermore, analysis of isoprenoids and alkanes had a very broad analytical variation, seen by that the analytical response for these compounds vary greatly among different samples. SPE-extractions did not work well enough following the protocol in this study to be included as a sample preparation step at the moment. More optimization would be needed before the method could be included as an implemented method.

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Gulamussen, Noor Jehan. "Electrospun sorbents for solid phase extraction (SPE) and colorimetric detection of pesticides." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013241.

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The thesis presents the evaluation of polysulfone sorbents for solid phase extraction (SPE) and the development of colorimetric probes for pesticides analysis in water. Through electrospraying and electrospinning techniques, different morphologies of sorbents (particles, beaded fibers and bead-free fibers) were fabricated. The sorbents were morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Adsorption capacities of sorbents were evaluated by conducting recoveries studies for model pesticides; atrazine, chlorpyrifos and DDT using batch and column SPE modes. Better recovery results were achieved by employing the batch mode of fibers, as values ranged from 98 to 105percent. Further sorbent evaluation was conducted using breakthrough experiments and static experiments. The breakthrough studies indicated that 1700 μL was the sample volume that could be percolated with no breakthrough of the analyte that correspond to a concentration of 150 mg/g of sorbent that can be extracted without any loss of analyte. From static studies, quantities of each model compound adsorbed into the fiber at the equilibrium time were evaluated. The adsorbed atrazine was 65, chlorpyrifos 250 and DDT 400 mg/g of sorbent. Kinetic studies suggested retention mechanism following pseudo first and second order model observed by high correlation coefficients (> 0. 96), demonstrating the fiber affinity to retain both polar and non-polar compounds opening a possibility to be used as sorbent for sample preparation of different classes of pesticides in water. For the second part of the study simple strategies for colorimetric sensing based on silver nanoparticles and polivinylpyrrolidone capped nanoparticles were developed, respectively for atrazine and chlorpyrifos detection. The limits of detection of the methods were 3.32 and 0.88 mg/L for atrazine and chlorpyrifos respectively. The applicability of the probe in real samples was demonstrated by the recoveries studies of tap water varying from 94 to 104 percent. The versatility of the probe was demonstrated by affording a simple, rapid and selective detection of atrazine and chlorpyrifos in the presence of other pesticides by direct analysis without employing any sample handling steps. Attempt to incorporate the probes in a solid support was achieved by using nylon 6 as solid support polymer proving to be fast and useful for on-site detection.

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Sibali, LL, JO Okonkwo, and C. Zvinowanda. "Determination of DDT and Metabolites in Surface Water and Sediment Using LLE, SPE, ACE and SE." Springer Science, 2009. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001502.

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Abstract Surface water and sediment samples collected from Jukskei River in South Africa, were subjected to different extraction techniques, liquid–liquid (LLE), solidphase extraction (SPE), activated carbon extraction (ACE) and soxhlet extraction (SE) for sediment. The samples were extracted with dichloromethane, cleaned in a silica gel column and the extracts quantified using a Varian 3800 GC-ECD. The percentage recovery test for 2,40DDT, DDE and DDD and 4,40DDT, DDE and DDD in water ranged from 80%–96% and 76%–95% (LLE); 56%–76% and 56%–70% (SPE) and 75%–84% (ACE), respectively; while that recoveries for sediment samples varied from 65%– 95% for 2,40DDT, DDE and DDD and 80%–91% for 4,40DDT, DDE and DDD. The high recoveries exhibited by ACE compared very well with LLE and SE. This was not the case with SPE which exhibited the lowest value of recoveries for both 2,4 and 4,40DDD, DDE and DDT standard samples. The mean concentrations of DDT and metabolites ranged from nd-1.10 lg/L, nd-0.80 lg/L, nd- 1.21 lg/L and 1.92 lg/L for LLE, SPE, ACE and SE, respectively. The total DDT (2,40 and 4,40-DDT) in water and sediment samples ranged from 1.20–3.25 lg/L and 1.82–5.24 lg/L, respectively. The low concentrations of the DDT metabolites obtained in the present study may suggest a recent contamination of the river by DDT.

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Johansson, Elias. "Pressure-based clog detection in SPE-columns." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för elektroteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446697.

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The concept of integrated sensors in the Biotage® Extrahera™ system to perform live-monitoring of pressure inside SPE-columns is investigated. A test-rig containing the components necessary to simulate the pressure-cycle in the system is constructed and a printed-circuit board assembly is designed and implemented into its 24-column format. Liquid samples with varying viscosity are then synthesized using water and glycerol, which are used in a simplified 2-step SPE-process during which the pressure inside the columns is logged. The results obtained showed that the concept is viable and methods for clog detection as well as state assessment are discussed. However, it was established that the solution needs further testing involving complete SPE-processes with real samples before any detailed algorithms can be presented. A pre-study is finally done regarding solutions for minimizing the design to allow for implementation into the system's more spatially restricted 96-column format.

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Green, Caroline Elizabeth. "An experimental and modelling investigation into the solid-phase extraction of pollutants from water." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322408.

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Chang, Aamanda. "Optimization of solid-phase extraction (SPE) as sample preparation for oil samples in forensic investigations." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-93375.

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Oil spills, especially in water have happened throughout the years. The consequences from this kind of incident have always been a threat to marine life and take a lot of money and time to clean up. The forensic investigations of oil usually focus on oil spill in water, however, this kind of investigation can be applied on more areas, such as in sexual offense cases and arson. The oil from the crime scene and the oil from the suspected source are analyzed and compared to each other to see if the compositions match. The aim of this thesis was to optimize the clean-up process of heavy fuel oil (HFO) using solid-phase extraction (SPE) according to the European Committee for standardization (CEN) 15522-2 method. HFOs are black oils, containing particles and soot which will decrease injector performance. Thus, a cleanup procedure is attractive when analyzing such samples. The three factors of optimization in this study were elution volumes, solvents, and SPE sorbents.The SPE method used in this study was to use the cartridges as a filter; therefore, the samples were both loaded and eluted with an organic solvent, in this case dichloromethane (DCM) or dichloromethane/heptane (DCM/Hp). The gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis method used is described in Annex B in the CEN 15522-2 method.Concluding, increasing the eluent volume did not indicate improvement on the extraction method. In terms of the solvents, both dichloromethane and dichloromethane/heptane showed similar results. The percentage weathering plots (PW-plots) showed that the SPE sorbents (dual layer florisil/Na2SO4, florisil and silica gel sorbents) worked similar. The overall conclusion from this thesis work was that further optimization must be made before implementing the method.

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Blankenship, Donna A. "Evaluation of SPEC®•Microcolumns for the extraction of ranitidine from urine." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44600.

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Ismailov, Taner. "Quantification of resin acids, fatty acids and sterols in process and waste water from forest industry." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för kemi och biomedicinsk vetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-28179.

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This work focuses on wood extractives in effluents from the CTMP plant at Skoghall Mill. Pulp and paper industry effluents contain mostly natural compounds which are part of the trees. They are toxic to aquatic life but harmless in nature, as they are present in low concentrations. Processing tons of wood, such as in a pulp mill, strongly increases the concentrations of the toxic compounds (Ali, M. and Sreekrishnan, T., 2001) which have to be treated before transferring to the aquatic environment.Extractives can be found in different forms, as micelles soluble in water, unprocessed in fibers or absorbed on the surface of fibers. It is important to know in which forms extractives are mostly present in the effluent, so that they can be treated more efficiently. It is desired to have extractives absorbed on the fibers and fibrils present in the waste water, so they can be separated from the water and treated separately, e.g. burned for energy recovery. Dissolved extractives complicate the oxygen transfer in an aerated biological treatment step with their surface active properties (Sandberg, 2012).The aim of this study is quantification of extractives on the fibers suspended in the waste water and extractives dissolved in the water. The distribution between the two forms is an important input when designing future effluent treatment. Wood extractives itself are a wide group with different compounds. This work focuses on the main groups present in waste water: resin acids, free and esterified fatty acids and, free and esterified sterols. These groups are analyzed in different process waters and waste water before the waste water treatment plant. The measured concentrations of extractives were as expected, higher in process and effluent waters, lower in white water. Most of the extract was dissolved in the water and unfortunately fiber samples contained very low concentration from the total extract in the samples.

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Books on the topic "Extractions SPE"

International Conference Separation of Ionic Solutes (7th 1997 Piešt̕any, Slovakia). Separation of ionic solutes: Abstracts of the 7th International Conference Separation of Ionic Solutes, SIS'97, Piešt̕any Spa, Slovakia, May 18-23, 1997. Bratislava: Omega Info, 1997.

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D, McDonald Patrick, and Millipore Corporation. Waters Chromatography Division., eds. Waters sep-pak cartridge applications bibliography. 5th ed. Milford, MA: Waters Chromatography Division, Millipore Corp., 1991.

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Addison, Tony, and Alan Roe. Extractives for Development. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817369.003.0001.

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Countries face both challenges and opportunities in using their extractive industries to achieve more inclusive development—particularly in the developing world. Extractive industries have shaped economies, societies, and politics of nations—for good and bad. Today’s wealthiest nations owe a part of their high living standards to the extractive industries. Yet while a large national income can result from resource wealth, it can also be associated with acute social inequality and deep poverty—the polar opposite of inclusive development. Many developing countries struggle to diversify their economies, and create redistributive fiscal systems, in ways that reduce poverty, inequality, and social division. The very worst cases see violent conflict and civil war. The expression ‘resource curse’ has in turn become common coin. This chapter lays out the framework of the book for the reader, and describes the motive and contribution of the individual chapters to the narrative thread woven throughout.

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Muneo, Saito, Yamauchi Yoshio, and Okuyama Tsuneo, eds. Fractionation by packed-column SFC and SFE: Principles and applications. New York: VCH, 1994.

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Separation of ionic solutes: Abstracts of the 7th International Conference Separation of Ionic Solutes, SIS'97, Piestany Spa, Slovakia, May 18-23, 1997 (Studies in nuclear chemistry and radioecology). Omega Info, 1997.

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Baunaz, Lena. Decomposing Complementizers. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190876746.003.0006.

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This chapter discusses the morphosyntax of French, Modern Greek, Serbo-Croatian, and Bulgarian complementizers equivalent to English that. From long-distance wh-extractions across complementizers in these languages, it is shown that (i) the morpheme complementizer is composed of features that are hierarchically ordered according to a functional sequence (fseq) (see Baunaz 2015, 2016a; Baunaz and Lander to appear); (ii) the complementizer morpheme lexicalizes structures of different sizes; (iii) the distribution of complementizers is governed by veridicality (see Baunaz 2015, 2016a); (iv) the complementizer morpheme is syntactically active. The basic template for complementizers that I argue for is F4 > F3 > F2 > F1. Evidence in favor of this template comes from crosslinguistic patterns of syncretism and featural Relativized Minimality (Starke 2001; Rizzi 2004; Haegeman 2010, among others). Evidence in favor of different realizations of the complementizer is provided by means of long-distance extractions across declarative embedded clauses.

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Millipore Corporation. Waters Chromatography Division., ed. Waters sep-pak cartridge applications bibliography: Cosmetics, energy, environment, food/agriculture, forensics, inorganics, life science, organics, pharmaceuticals, water/air quality. 4th ed. Milford, MA (34 Maple St., Milford 01757): Waters Chromatography Division, Millipore Corp., 1986.

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Povinelli, Elizabeth A. Between Gaia and Ground. Duke University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478021872.

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In Between Gaia and Ground Elizabeth A. Povinelli theorizes the climatic, environmental, viral, and social catastrophe present as an ancestral catastrophe through which that Indigenous and colonized peoples have been suffering for centuries. In this way, the violence and philosophies the West relies on now threaten the West itself. Engaging with the work of Glissant, Deleuze and Guattari, Césaire, and Arendt, Povinelli highlights four axioms of existence—the entanglement of existence, the unequal distribution of power, the collapse of the event as essential to political thought, and the legacies of racial and colonial histories. She traces these axioms' inspiration in anticolonial struggles against the dispossession and extraction that have ruined the lived conditions for many on the planet. By examining the dynamic and unfolding forms of late liberal violence, Povinelli attends to a vital set of questions about changing environmental conditions, the legacies of violence, and the limits of inherited Western social theory. Between Gaia and Ground also includes a glossary of the keywords and concepts that Povinelli has developed throughout her work.

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Novoa, Martha. Ecoescuelas: una estrategia de inclusión de la dimensión ambiental. Universidad Libre Sede Principal, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18041/978-958-5578-46-3.

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A lo largo de la historia, el resultado de la actividad industrial y la insostenibilidad de los modelos de producción han generado hábitos de consumo no responsables, explosión demográfica, pobreza en sectores urbanos, abandono del sector rural y establecimiento de modelos productivos extractivos; aspectos que han derivado en problemáticas ambientales que han impactado negativamente los ecosistemas y que han producido agotamiento paulatino de los recursos naturales, pérdida de biodiversidad, gestión inadecuada del recurso hídrico, de la energía y de los resi - duos sólidos producidos por el mismo sistema económico, el cual se ha centrado en la concepción de desarrollo como crecimiento económico. Por lo anterior, se evi - dencia la necesidad de transformar la situación descrita y llevar a cabo procesos educativos de manera más concreta, específicamente con los Proyectos Ambien - tales Escolares (PRAE), cuyo fortalecimiento ha constituido una política nacional a partir del Decreto 1743 de 1994. Teniendo en cuenta que la Universidad Libre, desde el Consultorio Ambiental, ha estado asesorando a instituciones educativas en este sentido, además de la experiencia adquirida a partir de los convenios con la Corporación Autónoma Regional, se plantea como objetivo general de investigación: implementar la es - trategia Ecoescuelas para la inclusión de la dimensión ambiental en el currículo y el fortalecimiento de los PRAE en instituciones educativas del departamento de Cundinamarca, involucrando aspectos de gestión pedagógica y ambiental. En este sentido, el libro es una recopilación de las experiencias significativas producto de los procesos de intervención y fortalecimiento de la dimensión ambiental, en el contexto de la investigación-acción participativa, cuyo fin es describir los resultados de aplicación de las herramientas de análisis y diálogo permanente entre los actores educativos desde su rol y área de conocimiento. Se incorporaron aspectos conceptuales, metodológicos y técnicos que permiten la interpretación y el planteamiento de alternativas de solución a problemáticas ambientales. La ambientalización del currículo o inclusión de la dimensión ambiental estipulada en la Política Nacional de Educación Ambiental implica introducir contenidos ambientales en las diferentes áreas del conocimiento como parte del diseño, desarrollo y evaluación de los PRAE, y desde este marco se sustenta el estudio. Por lo anterior, los objetivos específicos que orientaron el proceso partieron de la identificación de las problemáticas ambientales prioritarias del entorno escolar y del análisis documental del Proyecto Educativo Institucional y de los componentes del PRAE de las instituciones educativas, empleando herramientas de diagnóstico participativo. Posteriormente, se implementó un proceso de formación con los docentes de las instituciones educativas, en el cual se abordaron temáticas de construcción de los PRAE, ecoeficiencia y ambientalización curricular y construcción de matrices de transversalización; así como la instalación, puesta en marcha y seguimiento de estrategias técnicas de gestión ambiental en los componentes de ahorro y uso eficiente del agua, de la energía, del manejo adecuado de residuos sólidos, del mejoramiento del entorno y de la biodiversidad y la gestión del riesgo. El libro está organizado en dos partes: la primera se centra en aspectos metodológicos, en la que se describen las etapas de la estrategia empleada durante la intervención en las instituciones educativas. También describe (capítulo 2) el referente teórico del proyecto, plantea el problema de investigación y presenta un análisis de resultados de inclusión de la dimensión ambiental en 33 instituciones educativas de Cundinamarca, desde el enfoque de Ecoescuelas, así como las contribuciones del proyecto. El enfoque mencionado se ubica en el contexto de la sostenibilidad, y concibe la escuela como un sistema complejo donde se visibiliza una oportunidad para la innovación curricular y la integración de aspectos ecológicos ambientales con el quehacer y las buenas prácticas ejecutadas por la comunidad educativa. La segunda parte del libro presenta seis experiencias concretas de intervención, que constituyeron el trabajo de grado en Ingeniería Ambiental de estudiantes participantes en el proyecto. Finalmente, se presentan las conclusiones del estudio realizado. Por cada institución se describen diferentes iniciativas a partir de la aplicación de las cuatro etapas de la estrategia metodológica propuesta, teniendo en cuenta aspectos como ubicación (ya sea rural o urbana), resultados del diagnóstico, características de los documentos institucionales, componentes ambientalespriorizados y necesidad de estrategias técnicas para el fortalecimiento del proceso ambiental institucional. Los resultados han permitido generar planes de acción a corto, mediano y largo plazo en las instituciones educativas, teniendo como fundamento el PRAE y su fortalecimiento desde las dimensiones pedagógica, social y técnica con un enfoque de gestión ambiental como aporte para la transformación en escuelas ecoeficientes, orientadas hacia modelos ambientalmente sostenibles

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Book chapters on the topic "Extractions SPE"

Coelho, Gerson L. V., Marisa F. Mendes, and Fernando L. P. Pessoa. "Flavor Extraction: Headspace, SDE, or SFE." In Handbook of Fruit and Vegetable Flavors, 211–28. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470622834.ch13.

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Wenclawiak, Bernd. "SFC and SFE: An Introduction for Novices." In Analysis with Supercritical Fluids: Extraction and Chromatography, 1–8. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77474-4_1.

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Hawthorne, Steven B. "Coupled Supercritical Fluid Extraction-Capillary Gas Chromatography (SFE-GC)." In Analysis with Supercritical Fluids: Extraction and Chromatography, 61–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77474-4_4.

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Kader, Mohammad Salauddin, and Md Ramim Tanver Rahman. "Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE), Solid-Phase Micro Extraction (SPME), and Stir Bar Sorption Extraction (SBSE) Techniques." In Techniques to Measure Food Safety and Quality, 219–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68636-9_10.

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de Wit, Maryna, and Arno Hugo. "Innovation Technologies for Extracting Opuntia spp. Seed Oil." In Opuntia spp.: Chemistry, Bioactivity and Industrial Applications, 507–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78444-7_25.

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Tservistas, Markus, Thomas Scheper, and Ruth Freitag. "Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) – Novel Strategies in the Processing of Biomaterials." In Drug Discovery from Nature, 106–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60250-4_6.

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Jensen, Pia Hønnerup, Simon Mysling, Peter Højrup, and Ole Nørregaard Jensen. "Glycopeptide Enrichment for MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis by Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Solid Phase Extraction (HILIC SPE)." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 131–44. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-146-2_10.

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Langman, Loralie J., Darlington Danso, Enger Robert, and Paul J. Jannetto. "High-Throughput Quantitation of Busulfan in Plasma Using Ultrafast Solid-Phase Extraction Tandem Mass Spectrometry (SPE-MS/MS)." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 89–95. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3252-8_10.

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Hermens, Joop L. M., Andreas P. Freidig, Enaut Urrestarazu Ramos, Wouter H. J. Vaes, Willem M. G. M. van Loon, Eric M. J. Verbruggen, and Henk J. M. Verhaar. "Application of Negligible Depletion Solid-Phase Extraction (nd-SPE) for Estimating Bioavailability and Bioaccumulation of Individual Chemicals and Mixtures." In ACS Symposium Series, 64–74. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2001-0773.ch006.

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You, Jing, Donald P. Weston, and Michael J. Lydy. "Quantification of Pyrethroid Insecticides at Sub-ppb Levels in Sediment Using Matrix-Dispersive Accelerated Solvent Extraction with Tandem SPE Cleanup." In ACS Symposium Series, 87–113. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0991.ch005.

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Conference papers on the topic "Extractions SPE"

Allen, Rob L. "Detailed Clastic Maps from Intense Log Data Extractions and Advanced Sedimentation Analysis." In SPE/AAPG Western Regional Meeting. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/62538-ms.

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Stiteler, T. Chris, and M. J. Philip. "Predicting Barik Formation Production from Seismic, Khazzan Field, North Oman." In SPE Middle East Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-172964-ms.

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Abstract Prediction of areas of good reservoir deliverability has been achieved by the integration of production data, petrophysical analysis, palaeocurrent analyses, core data and 3D seismic data. The key data in this comparative analysis are derived from a petrophysical workflow, which is calibrated to surveillance data and dynamic well test data. These data include porosity, porosity-thickness (PhiH), permeability, and permeability-thickness (KH). The results of this initial integration are compared with extractions from numerous seismically-generated attribute maps at each well location and used to define preferred seismic PhiH and KH maps. These can be utilised for well planning and further integrated with geocelluar reservoir models. Additional geological interpretation confirms that trends within the Barik depositional system can be recognised on seismic, defining areas which have the potential to have similar thickness, depositional facies and most likely, similar potential production within them. This has led to optimisation of the drilling schedule, allowing rescheduling of wells from areas that are now understood to be potentially poor to areas having higher potential, thus increasing efficiency. Additionally, this work indicates that wells having low production on test conform to areas where low production is predicted, but some wells in the predicted areas of moderate to high production show higher prediction errors than other wells within the same area. This methodology clarifies where differences between predicted and actual measurements occur, allowing the second phase of integration aimed at improving predictions and mitigating risks.

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Prokić, Danijela, Marija Vukčević, Marina Maletić, Ana Kalijadis, Biljana Babić, Ivona Janković-Častvan, and Tatjana Đurkić. "Extraction of Estrogen Hormones from Water Using Carbon Cryogel as Sorbent." In 34th International Congress on Process Industry. SMEITS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24094/ptk.021.34.1.123.

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In this study, carbon cryogel was used as solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction of estrogenic hormones (estrone, 17β-estradiol, and 17α-ethinylestradiol) from water solution. The solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was optimized by choosing an appropriate mass of the sorbent, volume, and initial pH of estrogenic hormone water solution, as well as by choosing an appropriate organic solvent. The concentration of tested hormones after extraction was measured by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Based on the obtained hormone recoveries, the following optimal conditions of the SPE procedure were chosen: 100 cm3 of hormone water solution at initial pH adjusted to 7, 20 mg of the sorbent, the methanol-dichloromethane mixture was used for hormone elution. Recoveries obtained under the optimal conditions ranged from 77 % for estrone, to 86 % for 17β-estradiol, with relative standard deviation from 7,4 to 18 %.

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Dyer, R. A., J. L. Balaam, and K. V. Thomas. "The development of a solid phase extraction (SPE) system for environmental monitoring." In 2004 USA-Baltic International Symposium. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/baltic.2004.7296805.

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Wang, Ying, Yan Ni, Bao-zhi Liu, Huai-Yu Fan, and Zheng-Xiang Xie. "New Method of Extracting Human SEP." In 2009 First International Conference on Information Science and Engineering. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icise.2009.781.

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"Session IV: Parameter extraction." In 2010 IEEE 14th Workshop on Signal Propagation on Interconnects (SPI). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spi.2010.5483586.

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Nguyen, ThaiHuu, and Qiao Lin. "Thermally Responsive Aptamer Surfaces for Microfluidic Sample Preparation." In 2008 Second International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/micronano2008-70264.

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For many bioanalytical systems, the quality of the sample under scrutiny greatly affects the success of its analysis by the analytical instrument. Thus, sample preparatory techniques such as solid-phase extraction (SPE), purification and concentration are used to improve the quality of the sample before introduction into the equipment. This work overviews our effort in developing microdevices which exploit thermally responsive aptamers for biomolecular sample extraction, purification and concentration. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach with a model system which consists of an adenosine monophosphate (AMP) analyte and adenosine triphosphate derived aptamer. Through systematic experimentation, we demonstrate the extraction and enrichment of AMP at physiologically relevant concentrations, release of AMP and regeneration of the aptamer through thermal stimulation, and detection of AMP by either fluorescence or mass spectrometry. In addition, completely aqueous operation of the device eliminates the use of potentially harsh reagents.

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Kacprzak, Stanislaw, Mariusz Masior, and Mariusz Ziolko. "Automatic extraction and clustering of phones." In 2016 Signal Processing: Algorithms, Architectures, Arrangements and Applications (SPA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spa.2016.7763633.

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Gazda, Daniel B., Robert J. Lipert, James S. Fritz, Marc D. Porter, Jeff Rutz, Paul Mudgett, and John Schultz. "Rapid Determination of Biocide Concentrations Using Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction (C-SPE): Results from Microgravity Testing." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-2406.

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Ozkan, S., and E. Ozkan. "Integrating Price Path Uncertainty into Optimal Extraction Path Analysis of Unconventional Liquids Rich Reservoirs - (SPE-164922)." In 75th EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2013. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20130900.

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Reports on the topic "Extractions SPE"

Gazda, Daniel Bryan. Development of colorimetric solid Phase Extraction (C-SPE) for in-flight Monitoring of spacecraft Water Supplies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/835309.

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Fox, R. V., B. J. Mincher, and R. G. G. Holmes. Extraction of Plutonium From Spiked INEEL Soil Samples Using the Ligand-Assisted Supercritical Fluid Extraction (LA-SFE) Technique. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/769006.

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Hill, April Ann. The Development and Optimization of Techniques for Monitoring Water Quality on-Board Spacecraft Using Colorimetric Solid-Phase Extraction (C-SPE). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/933139.

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Hawthorne, S. B. Extraction and analysis of pollutant organics from contaminated solids using off-line supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and on-line SFE-infrared spectroscopy. Task 2. Semiannual report, November 1995--March 1996. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/390637.

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Hawthorne, S. B. Task 2 -- Extraction and analysis of pollutant organics from contaminated solids using off-line supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and on-line SFE-infrared spectroscopy. Semi-annual report, April 1--September 30, 1997. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/629341.

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Fondeur, F. F., and S. D. Fink. Identification And Characterization Of The Solids Found In Extraction Contactor SEP-401 In June 2012. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1084724.

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Crouch, Rebecca, Jared Smith, Bobbi Stromer, Christian Hubley, Samuel Beal, Guilherme Lotufo, Afrachanna Butler, et al. Preparative, extraction, and analytical methods for simultaneous determination of legacy and insensitive munition (IM) constituents in aqueous, soil or sediment, and tissue matrices. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41480.

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No standard method exists for determining levels of insensitive munition (IM) compounds in environmental matrices. This project resulted in new methods of extraction, analytical separation and quantitation of 17 legacy and 7 IM compounds, daughter products of IM, and other munition compounds absent from USEPA Method 8330B. Extraction methods were developed for aqueous (direct-injection and solid-phase extraction [SPE]), soil, sediment, and tissue samples using laboratory-spiked samples. Aqueous methods were tested on 5 water sources, with 23 of 24 compounds recovered within DoD QSM Ver5.2 limits. New solvent extraction (SE) methods enabled recovery of all 24 compounds from 6 soils within QSM limits, and a majority of the 24 compounds were recovered at acceptable levels from 4 tissues types. A modified chromatographic treatment method removed analytical interferences from tissue extracts. Two orthogonal high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) separation methods, along with an HPLC–mass spectrometric (HPLC-MS) method, were developed. Implementing these new methods should reduce labor and supply costs by approximately 50%, requiring a single extraction and sample preparation, and 2 analyses rather than 4. These new methods will support environmental monitoring of IM and facilitate execution of risk-related studies to determine long-term effects of IM compounds.

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Hawthorne, Steve. CHARACTERIZING SOIL/WATER SORPTION AND DESORPTION BEHAVIOR OF BTEX AND PAHS USING SELECTIVE SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION (SFE). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/791039.

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Crouch, Rebecca, Jared Smith, Bobbi Stromer, Christian Hubley, Samuel Beal, Guilherme Lotufo, Afrachanna Butler, et al. Methods for simultaneous determination of legacy and insensitive munition (IM) constituents in aqueous, soil/sediment, and tissue matrices. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41720.

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Abstract:

Currently, no standard method exists for analyzing insensitive munition (IM) compounds in environmental matrices, with or without concurrent legacy munition compounds, resulting in potentially inaccurate determinations. The primary objective of this work was to develop new methods of extraction, pre-concentration, and analytical separation/quantitation of 17 legacy munition compounds along with several additional IM compounds, IM breakdown products, and other munition compounds that are not currently included in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 8330B. Analytical methods were developed to enable sensitive, simultaneous detection and quantitation of the 24 IM and legacy compounds, including two orthogonal high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column separations with either ultraviolet (UV) or mass spectrometric (MS) detection. Procedures were developed for simultaneous extraction of all 24 analytes and two surrogates (1,2-dinitrobenzene, 1,2-DNB; o-NBA) from high- and low-level aqueous matrices and solid matrices, using acidification, solid phase extraction (SPE), or solvent extraction (SE), respectively. The majority of compounds were recovered from four tissue types within current limits for solids, with generally low recovery only for Tetryl (from 4 to 62%). A preparatory chromatographic interference removal procedure was adapted for tissue extracts, as various analytical interferences were observed for all studied tissue types.

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Steven B. Hawthorne. CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION (SFE) IN THE ANALYSIS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN SOILS AND SLUDGES. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/760133.

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