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Journal articles on the topic 'Extramural research'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Domingues, Gabrielle Gonsalli, Graciela Soares Fonsêca, Celso Zilbovícius, and Simone Rennó Junqueira. "CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE ESTRATÉGIAS EXTRAMURAIS PARA A FORMAÇÃO EM ODONTOLOGIA." REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA 7, no. 2 (2016): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36661/2358-0399.2016v7i2.3111.

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Resumo: O estudo se propôs a analisar a importância da utilização das estratégias extramurais para a formação do discente da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo (FOUSP). Trata-se de estudo descritivo, quantitativo, em que os sujeitos de pesquisa foram 400 estudantes. Os dados foram coletados com auxílio de questionário, com questões acerca das estratégias de atividades extramurais, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Os resultados mostraram que mais de 80% dos alunos já participaram das atividades extramurais vinculadas a disciplinas e que muitos deles também parti

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2

Coyle, J. "Funding of NIMH extramural research." Science 264, no. 5165 (1994): 1517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.8202698.

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Holden, C. "NIMH to reorganize extramural research." Science 229, no. 4711 (1985): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.2990049.

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Amira, Halyasmina, Kusrin Kusrin, and Yousef Bani Ahmad. "EFL STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCES OF WILLINGNESS TO COMMUNICATE IN EXTRAMURAL DIGITAL CONTEXT." EXPOSURE : JURNAL PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS 10, no. 2 (2021): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26618/exposure.v10i2.5660.

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This study investigate the positive relationship between extramural digital activities and EFL students’ willingness to communicate. Extramural digital context is learning English outside the classroom without teachers’ involvement. It encourages EFL students to feel more comfortable in L2 willingness to communicate. Furthermore, this research investigated students’ experiences and factors that may influence EFL students’ willingness to communicate towards extramural digital context using qualitative research, specifically case study as the research design. The researcher collected the data fr

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Fajt, Balázs. "Hungarian Secondary School Students’ Extramural English Interests: The Development and Validation of a Questionnaire." Working Papers in Language Pedagogy 16 (December 1, 2021): 36–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.61425/wplp.2021.16.36.53.

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Leisure time (or extramural) English activities have been an important resource in foreign language teaching and learning for decades. They may provide a plethora of EFL input, thus contributing to learners’ second language development even from an early age. The incorporation of extramural English activities into EFL lessons still remains rare, focusing only on mainly songs and short videos from YouTube. Despite this, an array of different extramural English activities is available, which could and should be exploited in EFL lessons in order to support second language acquisition. In the Hung

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Maristy, Humaera Silvia. "Extramural English as a new reality in ELT: A PRISMA systematic review." LingTera 10, no. 1 (2023): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/lt.v10i1.59882.

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The purpose of this study is to review the trends and key conclusions of research on Extramural English activities in English language teaching (ELT) approaches. Several databases, including Scopus, Taylor Francis, and Google Scholar, were examined and 8 articles in all were examined for this purpose. The research methodology employed was a PRISMA systematic review. A content analysis technique was used to assess the articles. The study's findings showed that extramural English in ELT became more popular among researchers in Sweden after 2012. This research sought to look at the trends and con

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Zhang, Ruofei, Di Zou, Gary Cheng, Haoran Xie, Fu Lee Wang, and Oliver Tat Sheung Au. "Target languages, types of activities, engagement, and effectiveness of extramural language learning." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (2021): e0253431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253431.

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Since Sundqvist introduced the term “extramural English” in 2009, empirical research on extramural language learning has continued to expand. However, the expanding empirical research has yet yielded incommensurate review studies. To present a timely picture of the field of extramural language learning, this study conducts a review of 33 relevant articles retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science databases. The results showed the five types of target languages frequently investigated in this field (i.e., English, German, French, Chinese, and Japanese) and seven main types of extramural learning

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Fajt, Balázs. "Extramural German Activities and Motivation to Learn German as a Foreign Language in the Secondary Education Context." Special Issue: Self-Access and Self-Directed Language Learning in Europe 15, no. 2 (2024): 148–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37237/150203.

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This study investigates the motivation for learning German as a Foreign Language (GFL) of Hungarian secondary school students, in particular, their extramural activities and the impact of these activities on their learning motivation in second language (L2) acquisition. While much existing research on L2 learning motivation focuses on English, less attention is paid to other languages such as German, despite its economic and cultural importance in Hungary. Utilising Dörnyei’s (2005) L2 Motivational Self System framework, this paper explores how extramural German activities, such as interaction

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Barr, R. "HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE DIVISION OF EXTRAMURAL RESEARCH." Innovation in Aging 2, suppl_1 (2018): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy023.2282.

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Le, Tosca, and Elise M. Garton. "An Overview of the U.S. National Cancer Institute's (NCI) 2023 International Research Portfolio." JCO Global Oncology 10, Supplement_1 (2024): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go-24-19000.

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PURPOSE As part of its goal to represent NCI and promote its engagement with international partners, the NCI Center for Global Health (CGH) conducts an annual analysis of NCI's international research portfolio, which includes NCI-funded extramural grants and NCI intramural projects with principal investigators (PIs) or collaborators at institutions outside of the U.S. This annual analysis gives insight to how NCI supports global oncology and informs global research opportunities. METHODS NCI CGH fielded a data call within NCI's two divisions that conduct intramural research. PIs reported intra

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OEI, Bing Bing, Ali MUSTOFA, and Syafi'ul ANAM. "THE ROLE OF EXTRAMURAL ENGLISH EXPOSURE AS REVEALED IN THE LANGUAGE ACCURACY OF SECONDARY SCHOOL EFL WRITERS." Issues in Language Studies 13, no. 1 (2024): 391–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ils.6098.2024.

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Studying in an international school setting offers an excellent opportunity for students to acquire the target language, English, through abundant language exposure. As observed during classroom observations, several students outperformed their peers in targeted language production despite the same school language exposure. Extramural English is assumed to play a substantial influence. This case study explored the Extramural English exposure of 15 ninth-grade students, the duration of such exposure, and the language accuracy of their academic writing captured after receiving it. A qualitative

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Arvidsson, Klara, and Céline Rocher Hahlin. "Extramural French among university students in Sweden." Moderna Språk 116, no. 2 (2022): 21–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v116i2.12136.

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The purpose of this study is to better understand conditions for foreign language (FL) learning in Sweden. Research suggests that foreign language learners benefit from informal target language (TL) exposure and use outside the classroom (e.g., Peters, 2018; Sundqvist, 2009). While studies conducted in a Swedish context show that there are rich opportunities to come in contact with the English language outside the classroom, little is known about the learners’ extramural exposure to and use of other FLs. In analogy with the term ‘Extramural English’ (Sundqvist, 2009), this study explores ‘Extr

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Hentasmaka, Daning, and Adjidarma Putra Pradana. "Investigating Indonesian EFL Learners’ Extramural English." English Language Education Journal (ELEJ) 2, no. 1 (2023): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.36928/elej.v2i1.1654.

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Extramural English has been proven to have an impact on language learning. The positive connection had looked into the beneficial relationship between frequent contacts with Extramural English learning language. Considering the importance of extramural English in language learning, it is important to investigate the tendency of extramural English activities done by Indonesian EFL learners especially the adult learners. A survey study with a cross sectional design was implemented to investigate the tendency. The data were collected by using questionnaire that focused on six Extramural English a

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Sa'adah, Lailatus, Syafi'ul Anam, and Daning Hentasmaka. "EXTRAMURAL ENGLISH AND ADULT EFL LEARNERS’ PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS." Premise: Journal of English Education 12, no. 3 (2023): 894. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/pj.v12i3.7735.

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This study examines the duration of adult EFL learners’ extramural English activities related to their phonological awareness. For this purpose, (Indonesian, N = 32, 3 males and 29 females) learners participated in the study. After analyzing the questionnaires and the phonological awareness test using the non-parametric (Spearman) correlation, the result showed a strong positive correlation between the amount of time the adult EFL learners spend for spoken and written extramural English activities and their phonological awareness ability. The extramural English activities they mainly engage in

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Santora, Kenneth. "DIVISION OF EXTRAMURAL ACTIVITIES." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3011.

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Sacco, Donald F., Samuel V. Bruton, and Mitch Brown. "In Defense of the Questionable: Defining the Basis of Research Scientists’ Engagement in Questionable Research Practices." Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics 13, no. 1 (2017): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1556264617743834.

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National Institutes of Health principal investigators reported their perceptions of the ethical defensibility, prevalence in their field, and their personal willingness to engage in questionable research practices (QRPs). Using ethical defensibility ratings, an exploratory factor analysis yielded a two-factor solution: behaviors considered unambiguously ethically indefensible and behaviors whose ethical defensibility was more ambiguous. In addition, increasing perceptions that QRPs affect science predicted reduced acceptability of QRPs, whereas increasing beliefs that QRPs are normative or nec

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Busby, Nicole Louise. "Exploring the Effects of Early Extramural English Exposure on the Vocabulary Size of University Students." Education Sciences 14, no. 4 (2024): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci14040372.

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Research has shown that current informal extramural (out-of-class) activities can be an important predictor of second language (L2) vocabulary knowledge, but less is known about the relationship between language proficiency and activities earlier in life, which could have contributed to L2 acquisition. This exploratory study investigated Norwegian university students’ reported exposure to English through extramural activities at an early age and how this related to their current vocabulary size in L2 English. Participants (N = 40) completed an online survey comprising items from the Vocabulary

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18

McLennan, Gordon. "Introduction—“Practical Case Studies in Extramural Research Funding”." Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 16, no. 2 (2005): P76—P81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1051-0443(05)70065-8.

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Fajt, Balázs. "Hungarian secondary school EFL teachers’ perceptions of their students’ individual differences: A validation study." Porta Lingua, no. 2 (2022): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.48040/pl.2022.2.9.

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Besides classroom-based EFL lessons, EFL learners have a plethora of opportunities to learn the language by engaging in out-of-school or in other words extramural English activities. As learners pursue these activities for entertainment purposes, extramural English activities may be closely associated with L2 learning motivation. In addition to motivation, several other individual learner differences, namely L2 anxiety and L2 willingness to communicate are also important in both the school-based and the extramural learning contexts, as motivating and stress-free environments may lead to a decr

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20

Friedland, David R., Justin Nebel, Doriel Ward, and Reza Shaker. "519 Strategic Reinvestment of Sponsored Trials Residuals for Research Portfolio Development." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 8, s1 (2024): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.442.

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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Academic research is often viewed as a necessary core mission but a financial loss requiring central or clinical funds support. We present cases as evidence of sustaining academic unit research endeavors through strategic planning and reinvestment of sponsored clinical trials residuals. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Successful endeavors are presented that demonstrate strategic reinvestment of clinical trials residuals to develop robust academic self-sustaining research programs. A multi-year strategic plan was developed leveraging residuals from sponsored clinical trials to build

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Cox, Gloria C. "Dear Professor, Be Careful with Those Tweets, OK? Academic Freedom and Social Media." PS: Political Science & Politics 53, no. 3 (2020): 521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096520000219.

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ABSTRACTAs faculty members, we rely on academic freedom to protect us as we teach, engage in scholarly research, and live as citizens of a community. The American Association of University Professors is the accepted authority in matters of academic freedom, and its guidelines explain protections in teaching, research, and extramural utterances. This article argues that the characteristics of social media and the concerns of academic institutions about their reputation have created an atmosphere that make extramural utterances more vulnerable and riskier than in the past. Some institutions even

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Raven, Kathleen. "NIH aims to facilitate extramural research through new grants." Nature Medicine 18, no. 9 (2012): 1309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0912-1309.

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Watkins, J. F., D. Bisias, and A. W. Lo. "Portfolio Theory, NIH Extramural Research Allocation, and Disease Burden." Journal of Surgical Research 158, no. 2 (2010): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2009.11.543.

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ZHANG, Yuanyuan, and Shumin XIAO. "One Core with Multiple Coordination:A Practical Exploration of Extramural Education Governance in Guizhou." Progress of Chinese Pedagogy 3, no. 2 (2024): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.48014/pcp.20240419001.

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In recent years, extramural education has rapidly developed, but the educational agencies of varying quality have seriously damaged the education ecology, and standardization of extramural education has become the focus of the current education governance. Since the implementation of the “double reduction” policy, Guizhou Province has attached great importance to the implementation of the relevant decisions and deployments of the central government and has made it an important political task by playing a “combination of punches”———formulating detailed policies, implementing multiple regulation

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Burgoon, Michael. "Extramural funding or extracurricular research: That is the choice a research editorial." Western Journal of Speech Communication 52, no. 3 (1988): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10570318809389639.

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Engel-Cox, Jill, Bennett Van Houten, Jerry Phelps, and Shyanika Rose. "Conceptual model of comprehensive research metrics for improved human health and environment." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 14, no. 2 (2009): 519–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232009000200020.

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Performance measurement predominantly consisted of near-term outputs measured through bibliometrics, but the recent focus is on accountability for investment based on long-term outcomes. Our objective is to build a logic model and associated metrics through which to measure the contribution of environmental health research programs to improvements in human health, the environment, and the economy. We developed a logic model that defines the components and linkages between extramural environmental health research grant programs and the outputs and outcomes related to health and social welfare,

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Angrist, Josh, Pierre Azoulay, Glenn Ellison, Ryan Hill, and Susan Feng Lu. "Inside Job or Deep Impact? Extramural Citations and the Influence of Economic Scholarship." Journal of Economic Literature 58, no. 1 (2020): 3–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20181508.

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Does academic economic research produce material of general scientific value, or do academic economists write only for peers? Is economics scholarship uniquely insular? We address these questions by quantifying interactions between economics and other disciplines. Changes in the influence of economic scholarship are measured here by the frequency with which other disciplines cite papers in economics journals. We document a clear rise in the extramural influence of economic research, while also showing that economics is increasingly likely to reference other social sciences. A breakdown of extr

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Hall, Deborah A., Alberto R. Ramos, Jeffrey Marc Gelfand, et al. "The state of clinical research in neurology." Neurology 90, no. 15 (2018): e1347-e1354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000005295.

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ObjectiveTo study and provide an update on the state of clinical research in neurology in the United States.MethodsUS American Academy of Neurology members and chairs of departments of neurology were surveyed regarding clinical research in 2016. NIH data on the neuroscience pipeline and extramural grant funding were also collected.ResultsThe response rate was 32% (n = 254) for nonchair researchers and 58% (n = 67) for department chairs. Researcher respondents were on average 50 years old, 66% were men, and 81% were actively conducting clinical research, with phase II/III clinical trials and ou

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Kelley, Amy, and Amy Kelley. "BUILDING BRIDGES, CATALYZING RESEARCH, EMPOWERING ALL AGES: NIA SESSION FOR EARLY-CAREER RESEARCHERS." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (2023): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.0971.

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Abstract The National Institute on Aging (NIA) at the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, supports biomedical and behavioral research with a lifespan focus. NIA research seeks to understand the basic processes of aging, improve prevention and treatment of diseases in later life, and improve the health of older persons, in addition to an emphasis on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. NIA supports a variety of training and career development opportunities for students, junior faculty, early-career investigators, and emerging scholars. In this session,

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Fachriyany, Aulia, and Banatul Murtafi'ah. "A Survey of an Exposure to Extramural English Activities among EFL Undergraduate Students." EDULANGUE 6, no. 2 (2024): 167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/edulangue.v6i2.8770.

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Apart from learning English in class, EFL students start learning English outside the classroom, known as Extramural English activities. This study aims to determine how often EFL undergraduate students are exposed to Extramural English activities in everyday life. It involved 153 students majoring in English Education at a private university in Indonesia who participated in the study. To garner the data, a questionnaire adapted from Barbee (2013) with a total of 34 items which consisted of three elements of language learning activities beyond the classroom, namely 1) Exposure to verbal source

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Hentasmaka, Daning, Rosi Anjarwati, and Afi Ni'amah. "THE USE OF SMARTPHONES AS EXTRAMURAL ENGLISH LEARNING TO ENRICH EFL LEARNERS’ VOCABULARY." JEELL (Journal of English Education, Linguistics and Literature) English Department of STKIP PGRI Jombang 8, no. 2 (2022): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.32682/jeell.v8i2.2179.

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Smartphone has long been considered as a double-edged sword which has both positive and negative effects. Instead of banning the use of smartphones, a smart teacher has to be able to encourage EFL learners to use smartphones wisely to facilitate their learning. Smartphones enable the learners to use the language in a real situation outside the classroom, which is called Extramural English Learning. This kind of situation is believed to contribute to learners vocabularies. Learners’ ability to use various kinds of vocabulary, especially English academic words, will make a positive contribution

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Olsson, Eva, and Liss Sylvén. "Extramural English and academic vocabulary." Apples - Journal of Applied Language Studies 9, no. 2 (2015): 77–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/apples/urn.201512234129.

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In content and language integrated learning (CLIL), where school subjects are taught trough an L2 – in this case English – students often reach higher L2 proficiency levels than students who follow regular education. There are also indications that English encountered and used outside of school, e.g. through books, computer games or films, may be as influential as CLIL instruction for vocabulary growth. However, there is little research on the development of academic vocabulary in this connection, and few studies have considered students’ use of English outside school, when evaluating the effe

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N/A. "Norka Ruiz Bravo to Direct Extramural Research at the NIH." Journal Of Investigative Medicine 52, no. 02 (2004): 082. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/6650.2004.17770.

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Valli, Ted, Stephen W. Barthold, Jerrold E. Ward, et al. "Over 60% of NIH extramural funding involves animal-related research." Veterinary Pathology 44, no. 6 (2007): 962–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.44-6-962.

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Grady, Patricia A. "Developing New Nursing Faculty: Extramural Research Training Opportunities from NINR." Nursing Outlook 56, no. 2 (2008): 90–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2008.01.005.

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Levy, Joshua M., Stephanie Shintani Smith, Rickul Varshney, et al. "Trends in sinusitis research: a systematic review of extramural funding." International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology 7, no. 11 (2017): 1104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/alr.22015.

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Bravo, Norka Ruiz. "Norka Ruiz Bravo to Direct Extramural Research at the NIH." Journal of Investigative Medicine 52, no. 2 (2004): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108155890405200205.

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Yakovleva, E. "Ways of Organizational and Methodological Development of Intra-Extramural Form of Study." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 4 (2020): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/53/55.

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The article traces dynamics of the share of first-year students using intra-extramural form of study at the Nizhnekamsk Chemical Technological Institute of Kazan National Research Technological University. Advantages and disadvantages of bachelor training in an intra–extramural form of study are considered. The author dwells on the extension of students’ age brackets which is common for our country in recent years. Defining characteristics of teaching adults are revealed. Possible directions of organizational and methodological improvement of intra–extramural form of study in terms of professi

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Harabin, Andrea L., and James P. Kiley. "How the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Develops Research Priorities and Supports Critical Care Research." Physical Therapy 92, no. 12 (2012): 1489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20110436.

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This report provides a brief overview of some relevant ongoing research on critical care and how research priorities are determined by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Long-term and patient-centered outcomes have become more prominent research questions for clinical studies in patients who are critically ill. Rehabilitation research would be appropriate in this context, and funding is most likely received through investigator-initiated R01 applications. National Institutes of Health program staff are available for discussion and advice and encourage contact from extramural invest

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Stanford, J. W. "Future of Materials and Materials Research." Advances in Dental Research 2, no. 1 (1988): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374880020011301.

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The purpose of this paper was to summarize the presentations on porcelain materials, endodontic materials, casting metals, impression materials, armamentarium, amalgam, resins, composites, cements, bonding agents, adhesives, and calcium phosphate materials. Eight series of recommendations for future research are presented and include areas of basic research, animal models, biocompatibility, correlated laboratory and clinical testing procedures, epidemiological studies, workshops and conferences, materials research criteria, and a Dental Research Information Center. These recommendations were s

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Brawley, Otis W. "A brief history of the American Cancer Society Extramural Research Program." CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 63, no. 1 (2012): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21169.

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Doll, Lynda, Ruth Berkelman, Allan Rosenfield, and Edward Baker. "Extramural Prevention Research at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention." Public Health Reports 116, no. 1_suppl (2001): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/phr/116.s1.10.

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Grimpe, Christoph. "Extramural research grants and scientists’ funding strategies: Beggars cannot be choosers?" Research Policy 41, no. 8 (2012): 1448–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.03.004.

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Diéguez-Soto, Julio, and María J. Martínez-Romero. "Family Involvement in Management and Product Innovation: The Mediating Role of R&D Strategies." Sustainability 11, no. 7 (2019): 2162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11072162.

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Following calls to capture family firms’ innovative behavior and to specifically clarify how family firms manage product innovations to achieve sustainable economic development, this study empirically investigates the mediating role of Research & Development (R&D) strategies (i.e., intramural R&D investments, extramural R&D investments, and the combination of both intramural and extramural R&D investments) in the relationship between family involvement in the management and likelihood of obtaining product innovations. Carrying out a panel data analysis that is based on 7264

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Ullah Khan, Safi. "How funding matters: Reinitiating of New Product Development and the moderating effect of extramural R&D." Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation 18, no. 4 (2022): 185–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.7341/20221846.

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PURPOSE: We examine whether financial obstacles affect the probability of a firm undertaking previously suspended (or abandoned) innovation projects for new product development (NPD), and whether extramural R&D, as well as the breadth of the types of R&D collaboration (i.e., knowledge sources), moderate the relationship between financing constraints and the probability of restarting previously suspended NPD from selected South Asian economies. METHODOLOGY: This study controls for potential endogeneity in innovation propensity and finance access by employing a recursive bivariate probit

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König, Tomáš. "The topography of high medieval Nitra. New data concerning the topography of medieval towns in Slovakia." Communicationes Archaeologicae Hungariae 2018 (November 29, 2021): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54640/cah.2018.213.

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Nitra was one of the most important castle towns in the Kingdom of Hungary during the High Middle Ages between the 11th and 13th centuries. The results of existing research have not produced a uniform image of the town’s topography. Opinions among scholars differ especially concerning the location and extension of the extramural settlement. Archaeological excavations at the Tržnica and Mlyny locations raise the possibility that the extension of the extramural settlement was larger than the area later enclosed by the town walls. The reason behind such reduction could have been the decline of th

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Austin, Faye C., John F. Finerty, and John A. Sogn. "Cancer Immunology: Highlights of the NCI Extramural Immunology Program." Cancer Investigation 8, no. 2 (1990): 207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07357909009017566.

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Kelley, Amy, and Amy Kelley. "GET TO KNOW THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING: NIA SESSION FOR EARLY-CAREER RESEARCHERS." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 242. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.0782.

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Abstract The National Institute on Aging (NIA) at the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, supports biomedical and behavioral research with a lifespan focus. NIA research seeks to understand the basic processes of aging, improve prevention and treatment of diseases in later life, and improve the health of older persons, in addition to an emphasis on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. NIA supports a variety of training and career development opportunities for students, junior faculty, early-career investigators, and emerging scholars. In this session,

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Bremer, Andrew A., Jagteshwar Grewal, Rohan Hazra, Roberto Romero, and Diana W. Bianchi. "World Prematurity Day: it takes an NIH village to prevent preterm birth and improve treatments for preterm infants." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 321, no. 5 (2021): L960—L969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00401.2021.

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Prematurity remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Research to prevent preterm birth and improve treatments for preterm infants involves both intramural and extramural research, not just at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, but across many institutes and centers at the National Institutes of Health.

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Carboni, Oliviero A., and Giuseppe Medda. "Forms of extramural research acquisition and product innovation: Data from econometric estimations." Data in Brief 39 (December 2021): 107567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2021.107567.

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