Relevant bibliographies by topics / Extreme sports

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Extreme sports'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Extreme sports"

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McIntosh, Andrew, Lauren Fortington, Declan Patton, and Caroline Finch. "EXTREME SPORTS, EXTREME RISKS. FATALITIES IN EXTREME SPORTS IN AUSTRALIA." British Journal of Sports Medicine 51, no. 4 (February 2017): 360.2–360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-097372.193.

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Young, Craig C. "Extreme Sports." Current Sports Medicine Reports 1, no. 5 (October 2002): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00149619-200210000-00009.

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Brymer, E., and L. G. Oades. "Extreme Sports." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 49, no. 1 (October 24, 2007): 114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167808326199.

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Kunwar, Ramesh Raj. "Extreme Sport: Understanding the Concept, Recognizing the Value." Journal of Tourism & Adventure 4, no. 1 (November 7, 2021): 89–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jota.v4i1.40681.

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Extreme sport is one of the fastest-growing areas in sporting activity in this century. Extreme sport appears to be used interchangeably with high-risk sport in much of the research literature. Both high-risk sport and extreme sport are defined as any sport where one has to accept a possibility of severe injury or death as an inherent part of the activity. Extreme sports are rapidly becoming the physical activity of choice. Extreme sports have diffused around the world at a phenomenal rate and far faster than established sports. Commercially, extreme is the password for corporations and advertisers to access young population. Extreme sports increasingly attract participants from different social classes and age groups, as well as females and minority groups. The extreme sport comprises tourist activities, therapeutic activities, recreational activities, and sporting activities. They have become a sporting spectacle. Extreme sports are even discussed in marketing (niche market), management, and policy literature as legitimate niches that require their peculiar understanding or inappropriate activities that need to be banned. Adventure and risk-taking sports such as mountaineering, whitewater rafting, surfing, skiing, skydiving, downhill mountain biking, rock climbing, and BASE (Building, Antenna (or Aerial), Span (i.e., bridge), Earth (cliffs or other rock formations)) have increased in popularity in recent years. This study is an overview of previous studies carried out by eminent scholars of psychology and different disciplines. The objective of this study is to understand extreme sport in better way on one side and how extreme (or adventurous) sport has been theoretically conceptualized and re-conceptualized on the other. The researcher made an effort to disseminate the knowledge of extreme sports to the students, researchers, entrepreneurs, media personnel, and other concerned authorities, related organizations, and institutions. It is also believed that this study will help to promote adventure education, adventure tourism (niche tourism) and deep ecology. The participants strongly believe that the natural world acts as a facilitator to a deeper, more positive understanding of self and its place in the environment. Fear, emotion, stress, risk, uncertainty, motivation, wellness, wellbeing, personality traits and determination are the key elements of extreme sports.
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Donnelly, Michele. "Studying Extreme Sports." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 30, no. 2 (May 2006): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723506287187.

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Beihul, Igor. "Psycho-traumatic factors in extreme situations in sports." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 6(137) (June 22, 2021): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2021.6(137).08.

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Purpose: to analyze the influence of traumatic factors in extreme situations in sports. Research methods: analysis, generalization and systematization of scientific data methodical literature on a particular problem. Results: The article considers the influence of traumatic factors in extreme situations in sports. It is shown that in many modern sports athletes are forced to perform sports activities in extreme conditions. Sports activities are characterized by high psychological stress and are characterized by increased risk. In sports, depending on the sport, the conditions of training and competition are quite different. Thus, the conditions of sports activities include factors that affect athletes. In the presence of extreme situations, the effect of these factors is enhanced. In addition, in sports there are often very responsible and sometimes dangerous to health and life extreme situations that force athletes to act at the limit of personal capabilities. Athletic achievement is largely determined by the ability of athletes to overcome various extreme situations in sports, which are a system of limitations: physical, mental, social, moral, internal and external, arising before the athlete. Conclusions: the analysis of scientific research on the effects of extreme situations on the activities of the athlete shows that the most important condition for maintaining self-control in these situations is preparedness for them, the presence of sports experience and high skill in their sport. This means that this requires a high level of psychological stability, extreme experience, which is achieved by appropriate psychological training and coaching in conditions as close as possible to possible extreme situations.
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Gardner, Megan M., Jeff T. Grimm, and Bradley T. Conner. "Examining the Role of Risk Compensation in Extreme Sports." Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology 43, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2020-0159.

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This study explored the relations between sensation seeking, impulsivity, risk compensation, and extreme-sports injury to better understand contributing factors to risk taking in extreme sports and subsequent adverse outcomes. Data included cross-sectional survey responses from 1,107 college students (Mage = 19.47, SD = 2.14). Poisson, logistic, and negative binomial regressions were used to investigate the relations of interest. Results indicate that sensation seeking and impulsivity are significantly associated with both risk compensation and extreme-sports injury. Risk compensation is significantly and positively associated with extreme-sports injury in mountain biking and snowboarding. Risk compensation did not significantly moderate the relation between the personality constructs of interest and extreme-sports injury. These results show that the role of risk compensation in extreme-sports injury is highly sport-specific. These results highlight the importance of considering both personality and risk compensation in prevention and intervention efforts.
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Goodhew, Conrad A., Tracy L. Perry, and Nancy J. Rehrer. "Factors Influencing Energy Drink Consumption in Participants and Viewers of Extreme Sports." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2020 (October 7, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9382521.

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Objective. To quantify energy drink consumption and influences affecting consumption in those who participate in or watch extreme sports. Methods. An online survey, informed by focus groups, was administered via Quadrics®. Advertisement was via social media, emailing extreme sport clubs, flyers at extreme sport locations, and word of mouth. Participation was limited to those >18 y who watched and/or participated in extreme sports. The study was conducted in New Zealand, with international online availability. Variables measured comprised age, sex, energy drink consumption, reasons for their use, extreme sport viewing, advertising, and sponsorship. Logistic regression models were utilised. Results. Amongst participants who completed the questionnaire (n = 247), the mean (SD) age was 26.2 (8.2) y, 40.5% were female, 57.9% consumed energy drinks, and 25.5% consumed >one per week. For every year older, odds of consuming energy drinks were 3.1% lower p = 0.04 . A 31% increase in energy drink consumption for every single increase of viewing extreme sport per week was observed p = 0.009 ; however, reported viewing of advertising was not associated with increased consumption. Conclusions. A large proportion of extreme sport enthusiasts regularly consume energy drinks, especially younger adults. Extreme sport viewing, where energy drink sponsorship is common, appears to increase their consumption, even if not considered advertising by the viewers themselves.
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Gomez, Andrew Thomas, and Ashwin Rao. "Adventure and Extreme Sports." Medical Clinics of North America 100, no. 2 (March 2016): 371–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2015.09.009.

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Gieseler, Carly. "Learning to Fail: Adolescent Resistance in Extreme Sports." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 43, no. 4 (May 3, 2019): 276–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723519842235.

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Employing dysfunctional or arrested development, extreme sports tricksters cultivate diverse strategies of sporting identity. Through parody, satire, and mockery, adolescent performances and representations resist hegemonic ideologies of mainstream sports masculinity. This work interrogates the representational and performative texts, events, and bodies of extreme sports using queer theories and psychoanalytic approaches. To assess failure as a potentially strategic and radical mode of counter-hegemonic resistance, I trace the origins of extreme sports cultures through icons such as Evel Knievel and the Dangerous Sports Club. I also look at a modern heir apparent—action sporting collective Nitro Circus. In failing at mainstream sporting masculinities, these athletes create different ways of being and doing sport through commoditization, adolescence, gender, Whiteness, corporeality, and death.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Extreme sports"

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Patch, Sophie. "Extreme Identities: An examination of extreme sports and the creation of identity within the extreme sports experience." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31182.

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In recent years has been a rapidly growing increase in the popularity of extreme sports. Whilst the root of the exact reasons that extreme sports have grown so dras;cally as an industry is not en;rely clear, there are many theories and sugges;ons which can create a narra;ve to the evolu;on of the sports. Not only have the sports become more popular, but the varie;es of the sports and the varie;es of the par;cipants have also increased, crea;ng more diversity and the evolu;on of a extreme sports culture. This has coincided, inten;onally or un-inten;onally, with the glamorisa;on and commodifica;on of extreme sports lifestyles and the technological advancements of the twenty-first century. In line with the above, the purpose of this study, and the photographic project which accompanies it, is to examine; • What are the factors that contribute to the popularity of extreme sports • Who takes part in extreme sports • Why do people take part • What is the future for extreme sports and it’s par;cipants The photographic project comprises of four photographs of each par;cipants, two of which are portraits and two of which are supplied by the par;cipants themselves. The inten;on of the photographs is to give insight into both who the par;cipants are as individuals and as athletes and how they view themselves within these roles. Interviews were also conducted alongside which are referenced throughout the paper. The paper combines the research and theories of other scholars, against the findings of my own study and how the photographic project represents this, to try and draw answers to the above state ques;ons. The results were varied and did not offer full answers but rather sugges;ons into where more research could be done to further this study and future studies. Most notably; Extreme sports and femininity, Extreme sports and diversity, Extreme sports and classism and Extreme sports and environmentalism.
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Carter, Joseph. "Extreme sports as filmed entertainment: Understanding aesthetic form, style and characteristics of extreme sports films." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/235392/1/Joe%2BCarter%2BThesis%281%29.pdf.

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This study examines the evolution of the production characteristics and textual elements of successful contemporary extreme sports films in the last 15 years. This knowledge is applied to the study’s creative practice component, a 57-minute documentary film (The Strez, 2021). Based on the practice led research, and the insights gained, a set of creative principles are developed to assist other filmmakers in the extreme sports film genre.
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Adam, Mohd Bakri. "Extreme value modelling of sports data." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444854.

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Park, Hyewon. "Analyzing motivational factors of action sports participants." Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2004/h%5Fpark%5F122104.pdf.

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Brymer, George Eric. "Extreme dude! a phenomenological perspective on the extreme sport experience /." Access electronically, 2005. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060508.145406/index.html.

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Mok, Kar-kei Sampson, and 莫嘉祈. "Extreme sport park in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47152552.

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In the past two decades, the popularity of Extreme Sport (X-Sport) has rapidly increased in Hong Kong. “Exploration of Excitement” would be the main reason why teenagers and young adults would like to play X-Sport. Unlike other sports, X-Sport does not require any rules, restrictions or physical requirements for its players, which provides more freedom and creativity. However, the general public does not agree with this particular interest group due to their misunderstanding with limited knowledge of the X-Sport. Also, there are only few existing X-Sport park and related facilities in Hong Kong and most of them are located at unwanted spaces with poor environmental and facilities qualities, which leads X-Sport player would play at local parks and unused space in their neighbourhood. Damages on landscape feature are normally appeared in these local parks recreational spaces. Due to the lack of societal supports and deficiencies in government, there are only six existing X-Sport park in Hong Kong, where they are all inaccessible and far apart. This thesis aims to promote X-Sport by using an X-Sport park as a median to integrate both young and old generations in physical and social aspects, not just exists as a functional space for X-Sport players. A roundabout site, Chai Wan Roundabout Garden, in major transport interchange in Hong Kong Island is selected for the development of this concept. Three stages design process has been incorporated. The first design stage has developed based on the primary site-observation and comprehensive site analysis. The second design stage is to conduct a special study of a landscape technique with both local and international case studies. The third design stage is to combine both first and second stages development and formulate the final design solution. Comments from first and second juries has been addressed and amended accordingly.
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Architecture
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Master of Landscape Architecture
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Gieseler, Carly Michelle. "Performances of Gender and Sexuality in Extreme Sports Culture." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4049.

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The purpose of this study is to expose the strategies through which extreme sports constitute gender through exaggeration, parody, queering, resistance, and transcendence of normative gendered binaries. I interrogate how extreme sports operate on the margins of sport, gender, media, and lived experience to better understand the processes and performances that retain, reinforce, and resist our notions of normative gender, bodies, and sexuality. Starting with the claim that performance is constitutive of gender and culture, I will focus on how extreme sporting performances create significant commentaries on mainstream assumptions surrounding sporting gender, sexuality, and corporeality. These commentaries function in extreme sports' spaces: to critique how extreme sports reclaim oppressive language of gendered binaries; to give voice to sexual silences in performances that lampoon, retrofit, and transcend those assumptions; and, for athletes to reclaim corporeality through strategies of parody, resistance, and elision. Taking up the transcendent possibilities for gender, body, and sexuality in extreme sports, I suggest that these are also places to reimagine a phallocentric combat myth, revisit issues of class and performance, and speak of the invisibility of racial difference. Using critical analysis, interviews, and personal narrative, I explore performances of gender, sexuality, and the body in mediated and live extreme events beginning with the revival of the roller derby phenomenon exemplified in the 2007 documentary Hell on Wheels, the 2006 A&E series Rollergirls, and the multiple websites, leagues, and fictional representations such as 2009's Whip It. I then turn to MTV's pranktainment playground of Jackass, Viva la Bam and Nitro Circus as well as the traveling motocross spectacle Nuclear Cowboyz. Finally, I attend to the extreme bodies of ultradistance running through multiple texts and conversations with runners as well as my own participation in the 2011 Keys100 in the Florida Keys. My study will not repeat the many questions, critiques, or concerns of foundational or traditional scholarship on sports, media, or risk. Instead, I focus on several key issues across the chapters: how sport is housed as always already a masculine realm, how mainstream and extreme sports do gender corporeally, and the ways extreme sports challenge our mainstream notions of sexualities.
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Sparks, Jacob Ray. "Extreme Sports: A Study of Free-Solo Rock Climbers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6136.

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Extreme sport participation has traditionally been conceptualized as a psychological disorder and something to be avoided (Cashmore, 2002). Viewed in this way, these individuals are thought to be enacting an unhealthy psychology (Ogilvie, 1997; Slanger & Rudestam, 1997). Other research has described participants in extreme sports as sensation seekers under-stimulated by their normal surroundings and out of control (Zuckerman, 1979). Using Brymer's (2005) focused definition of extreme sports, "activities where a mismanaged mistake or accident would most likely result in death, as opposed to injury" (p. 5), this study utilized a phenomenological method to analyze semi-structured interviews with 16 free-solo climbers (n =16). The participants described their motivations in terms of overwhelming enjoyment, heightened focus, and personal progress. These results support more recent research describing extreme sport experiences as opportunities for positive transformation with outcomes including gains in courage, humility, eco-centrism, and emotional engagement (Brymer, 2009; Willig, 2008). These findings challenge the traditional, stereotypical notions of extreme sports participants as young and male (Wheaton & Beal, 2003), sensation-seeking (Zuckerman, 1979), and psychologically unwell (Ogilvie, 1997; Slanger & Rudestam, 1997). Answering Brymer's (2005) call to investigate all extreme sports individually, this study focused on the specific extreme sport of free-solo climbing and found the experience of the free-solo climber is a powerful undertaking enjoyed by young, old, male, and female.
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Redondo, Ruiz Daniel. "Unobtrusive interaction design in extreme sports : What aspects are important to consider when designing an unobtrusive interaction for wearable devices in extreme sports?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-90201.

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This paper is a study of the aspects that are important to consider when designing an unobtrusive interaction for wearable devices in the area of extreme sports. The work is based on an analytical study of seemly-unrelated areas with the common facet that they all call for an unobtrusive interaction in their devices. The findings of the analysis conclude that it is necessary a change of direction in the design because it is not possible to design an unobtrusive interaction that relies on active manipulation. Activity theory and affective computing present theoretical principles with the potential to be used as a framework for HCI and solve the mentioned issues. Finally, I design the user interface of a specific case in the areas of mountain biking and skiing to use it as design-oriented research. An essential aspect of this case is the use of expert feedback and video simulations to drive the design process. Another important point is the definition of the situations and variables that will be observed by the system to adapt itself so it is able to continue being unobtrusive and helpful through the changes.
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Janek, Alicja. "Analysis of Red Bull's Strategy and its Association with Extreme Sports." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162609.

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Sports marketing is divided into three sectors: marketing of a sport, marketing products and services through sports and promotion of a sport to the public. This thesis is mostly referring to marketing through sport, and its analysis of a very unique and innovative organization. Red Bull GmbH is a leader within the dynamic area of energy drinks, a fast-growing area of the beverage sector. The objectives of this thesis are to show how Red Bull develops its marketing strategy and identify the principles and processes involved, to describe the tools and techniques used in their marketing and show how they have been applied. The main goal of this thesis is to explain how effective is the association with extreme sports for Red Bull.
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Books on the topic "Extreme sports"

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Andreasson, Jesper, and Thomas Johansson. Extreme Sports, Extreme Bodies. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97238-1.

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(Firm), Nicotext. Extreme sports. [Boras: Nicotext, 2008.

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Bourassa, Barbara. Extreme sports. North Mankato, MN: QEB Pub., 2007.

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Turner, Tracey. Extreme sports. Hauppauge, NY: Barron's, 2014.

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author, Clemson David, ed. Extreme sports. [London]: Ticktock, 2014.

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Dean, Michael. Extreme sports. Harlow: Pearson Education, 2001.

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Bone, Emily. Extreme sports. Tulsa, OK: EDC Publishing, 2014.

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Coupe, Robert. Extreme sports. [Sydney, N.S.W.]: Weldon Owen Pty Ltd., 2008.

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Thompson, Gare. Extreme sports. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Pub., 2011.

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Scarborough, Kate. Extreme sports. London: Franklin Watts, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Extreme sports"

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Parry, Torrey, Empryss Tolliver, and Scott C. Faucett. "Extreme Sports." In The Sports Medicine Physician, 657–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10433-7_48.

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Kraeutler, Matthew J., Lior Laver, and Omer Mei-Dan. "Extreme Sports." In Sports-related Fractures, Dislocations and Trauma, 857–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36790-9_54.

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Zinnecker, Jürgen, Imbke Behnken, Sabine Maschke, and Ludwig Stecher. "eXtreme sports." In Null Zoff & Voll Busy, 170. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-95013-0_36.

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Zinnecker, Jürgen, Imbke Behnken, Sabine Maschke, and Ludwig Stecher. "eXtreme sports." In null zoff & voll busy, 170. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-10915-0_56.

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Feletti, Francesco, and Omer Mei-Dan. "Extreme Sports." In Epidemiology of Injuries in Sports, 49–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64532-1_8.

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Andreasson, Jesper, and Thomas Johansson. "Introduction." In Extreme Sports, Extreme Bodies, 3–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97238-1_1.

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Andreasson, Jesper, and Thomas Johansson. "(Re)Negotiating Violence." In Extreme Sports, Extreme Bodies, 183–200. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97238-1_10.

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Andreasson, Jesper, and Thomas Johansson. "MMA: Concluding Thoughts." In Extreme Sports, Extreme Bodies, 201–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97238-1_11.

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Andreasson, Jesper, and Thomas Johansson. "Bodies in Theory and Practice." In Extreme Sports, Extreme Bodies, 211–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97238-1_12.

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Andreasson, Jesper, and Thomas Johansson. "Body Studies and Carnal Sociology." In Extreme Sports, Extreme Bodies, 25–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97238-1_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Extreme sports"

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Lei, YuHang, Jie Li, MingZheng Sun, ZhengChi Zhang, Ling Wei, JinMing Gu, QingBo Tang, and ZhiWei Gong. "The Extreme Sports of Virtual Reality." In 2018 International Conference on Virtual Reality and Visualization (ICVRV). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icvrv.2018.00049.

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Holt, Stacy, Yoram Burg, and Rick Elder. "Applied Body Scanning Technology for the Extreme Sports Apparel." In 4th International Conference on 3D Body Scanning Technologies, Long Beach CA, USA, 19-20 November 2013. Ascona, Switzerland: Hometrica Consulting - Dr. Nicola D'Apuzzo, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.15221/13.050.

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Vinogradov, Konstantin, Olga Shapovalova, and Alexey Irshin. "Extreme mountain race as a tourist event." In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Innovations in Sports, Tourism and Instructional Science (ICISTIS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icistis-19.2019.77.

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Tkachenko, A. V. "New forms of extracurricular sports work in high school (for example, strength extreme)." In ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-03-2019-16.

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Alsaleem, Ahmad, Ross Imburgia, Mateo Godinez, Andrew Merryweather, Roger Altizer, Tamara Denning, Jeffery Rosenbluth, Stephen Trapp, and Jason Wiese. "Leveraging Shared Control to Empower People with Tetraplegia to Participate in Extreme Sports." In ASSETS '19: The 21st International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3308561.3353775.

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Pereira, Ana Laura da Silva, Maria Helena Farias de Almeida, Marcélia Nogueira de Oliveira, Reiilson Benedito da Silva Sousa Júnior, Francivaldo José da Conceição Mendes, Rosângela Lima da Silva, Smayk Barbosa Sousa, Gileno Edu Lameira de Melo, Alessandro Negreta Cabreira, and Jose Robertto Zaffalon Junior. "Analysis of the implications of different sports on children's motor coordination: An integrative review." In V Seven International Multidisciplinary Congress. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevenvmulti2024-144.

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Childhood is a period of extreme importance for a child's motor development as it is at this stage that motor skills become fundamental for carrying out everyday tasks. Development is a process that is characterized by changes in biological aspects so that human beings can adapt to these factors in order to provide motor skills.
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Dimitrova, Diana, and Evelina Miloshova. "RISK FACTORS FOR STRESS FRACTURES IN MALE ATHLETES." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/79.

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ABSTRACT Stress fractures (SF) are common injuries in athletes caused by overuse and repetitive activity. The prevalence and risk factors for SF in male athletes are not well documented as they are assumed to be more common in female athletes. Our study was aimed at establishing the prevalence of SF among male athletes and analyzing the selected risk factors for their occurrence. Ninety-three randomly selected volunteer male athletes from different sports aged 19.2±2.8 years participated in this cross-sectional study. The participants provided information about their demographic data, history of SF, and lifestyle risk factors and completed the Eating attitude test (EAT-26) for identifying eating disorders risk. Crude odds ratios (OR) of the groups with and without a history of SF were calculated to assess the association of SF with the studied factors. A total of 23 (24.7%) of the athletes reported at least one SF in the past, and 23.7% of them have had two or more SF. Most of the injuries (69.6%) were located in the lower extremity, and 60% were in the foot and ankle. Participation in competitions and weight loss of more than 10 kg in the past were identified as the only significant factors associated with SF incidents in male athletes (OR 24.8, 95% CI: 1.4-425.4; OR 153.3, 95% CI: 8.5-2770.6, respectively). These results suggest that engagement in competitive sports, which is associated with higher training volume and extreme weight loss practices, should be considered as a factor for increased risk of SF in male athletes.
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Asparuhov, Yavor, and Asya Tsarova. "ANALYSIS OF THE COMPETITIVE EFFICIENCY OF THE TEAM OF CHERNOMORETS (BURGAS)." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/55.

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ABSTRACT The implementation of high-efficiency control over the game realization of the basketball players and teams makes it possible to reveal the specific features and assessment of their competitive effectiveness, which is a necessary condition for optimizing the future sports-racing process. The purpose of this study is to reveal the specifics and assess the competitive effectiveness of the team of “Chernomorets” (Burgas) during the playoff phase of the National Basketball League (NBL) during the sports-competitive 2020/2021. The subject of research is the game actions of the basketball players from the team in the extreme conditions of the competition. The test site is the signs of team competitive efficiency, found quantitative expression in the so-called “game indicators“ witch integrate all sides of sports preparation. A contingent of survey is the basketball players included in the 8 teams that are participants in the said playoffs. For realization of the purpose and tasks of the study the following test methods have been used: theoretical study of specialized literary sources and monitoring and registration of game activity with the help of 16 game indicators, using a specialized computer method-ology of FIBA. The source data are subjected to mathematical and statistical processing by: alternative analyses, variational analyses and sigma evaluation method. The average level and variability of all game indicators in the observed team has been revealed. On the basis of the average level for the entire population (NBL), an assessment of the results of “Chernomorets” was carried out, which outlines as the strongest strengths in its game realization the next actions: high activity in shooting for 2 points, accuracy of the shooting from the penalty line and successful rebounds in defense. In order to increase its overall game efficiency, in the future the team should focus primarily on: increasing shooting activity from the 3-points zone, improving the accuracy of shooting in the basket from all distances and increasing the activity of the game in defense.
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"Women in Endurance Sports: Linking Competitive and Professional Work Lives." In InSITE 2018: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: La Verne California. Informing Science Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4054.

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Aim/Purpose: Explore the benefits of participating in competitive endurance sports. Beyond the obvious health and social benefits, endurance competitions offer significant psycho/social growth that translates into more a more effective professional life. Background: Utilizes triadic agentic theory to explain the transference of learning from di-vergent experiences. Methodology: Mixed method using a validated instrument for measuring work engagement, and a structured interview for investigating and explaining additional phenomena. Contribution: Though it is unlikely that the elements of this study would affect men and women differently, because of social constructs, women are often at a disadvantage when presented with competitive situations, or the consequences of learning gained from serious competition. This study shows one way that inequality can be neutralized. Findings: Given the time consuming and physically demanding nature of endurance sports, one would imagine that participation would be a detriment to work life. This research details a much more positive effect Recommendations for Practitioners: Recognizing the importance of competition greatly improves the quality of life, and work for those participating, and for those who work with, and live with the competitors Recommendation for Researchers: Examination of the various factors investigated in this research will hopefully inspire additional study Impact on Society: Women are under-represented in both endurance sports, and in executive offices. If there is greater understanding of the link between healthy competition and professional success, perhaps some headway can be gained in reducing inequities. Future Research: Additional research into other forms of competition, or performance will determine if there are equal or similar benefits to activities that contain elements of endurance competition, without the extreme physical stress that puts such competition out of reach for many people.
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Koh, H. S., Y. B. Lim, T. H. Seow, D. Stocks, and A. Thapar. "The Floating Performance Stage @ Marina Bay, Singapore: New Possibilities for Space Creation." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57291.

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This paper presents the systems engineering solutions implemented in developing a large floating performance stage that was constructed at the Marina Bay of Singapore. The Marina Floating Platform is designed to be a multi-purpose facility on the bay for mass spectator events, sporting activities and cultural performances, as well as be a re-configurable “piers” for water sports and boat shows. This floating platform was completed in 2007 and is believed to be the world’s largest floating performance stage on water. It hosted the nation’s National Day Parade 2007, the first parade to be held on water. Since then, the floating platform and its seating gallery have been used as the venue for lifestyle events, extreme sports, the Singapore Fireworks Festival and Water Carnival. The floating platform opens up new possibilities in space creation in land-scarce countries such as Singapore.
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Reports on the topic "Extreme sports"

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Pereira, João, André Moreira, Joana Azevedo, David Ferreira, Elisabete Ribeiro, Pedro Varanda, and Luís Rodrigues. Application of Tenodesis for an Extremely Rare Hand Extensor Injury in an Athlete: A Case Report. Science Repository, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.ijscr.2024.01.03.

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Spontaneous tendon ruptures of the wrist are a rare pathology, usually secondary to rheumatoid arthritis or distal radius fractures and most commonly evolving the extensor pollicis longus. Sport-related etiology is a growing tendency of this pathology. As far as the authors know, this is one of the first sport-related extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) isolated spontaneous rupture described in the literature. We describe a case of a 41 year-old female amateur kickboxer who developed acute dorsal radial pain in the right wrist during practice. After attempting conservative treatment for 4 months with rest and NSAIDs she recurred at our clinic. Local pain at dorsal wrist extension was observed. MRI demonstrated an isolated ECRB rupture with associated fibrous tissue proximal to the extensor retinaculum. Surgical management was proposed and consisted of fibrous tissue debridement and ECRB-ECRL tenodesis. At 3 months of follow-up the patient reported return-to-play with impaired wrist motion and mild pain at maximum wrist extension. At 12 months of follow-up the patient was completely recovered and asymptomatic. Isolated tendon ruptures are a rare pathology, causing extreme pain and disability in the sport setting. Surgical management of this ECRB tendon rupture by tenodesis allowed for appropriate pain control and functional results and early return-to-play.
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Molotylnikova, Vira. MODERN TYPES OF BODY RELAXATION METHODS AFTER INTENSE PHYSICAL EXERTION. Intellectual Archive, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2748.

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The article presents varieties and variants of relaxation techniques advisable to use after intense physical exertion. The concept of "relaxation" and understanding of its role in physical education to maintain health and harmonious development of youth are considered. Considering the fact that one of the main trends in sports remains the increase in the intensity of training and the need to improve the results of competitions, the problem of restoring the athlete's performance capacity after physical exertion is extremely relevant today. Understanding the causes of fatigue and the physiological mechanisms of recovery, control over the relevant processes, the rational use of modern methods of body relaxation and means of recovery are important for assessing the impact of physical stress on the body, the effectiveness of training programs, identifying overtraining, determining the optimal rest time after physical exercises, and therefore, are necessary to improve the athlete's training and achieving high results.
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Lever, James, Emily Asenath-Smith, Susan Taylor, and Austin Lines. Assessing the mechanisms thought to govern ice and snow friction and their interplay with substrate brittle behavior. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/1168142742.

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Sliding friction on ice and snow is characteristically low at temperatures common on Earth’s surface. This slipperiness underlies efficient sleds, winter sports, and the need for specialized tires. Friction can also play micro-mechanical role affecting ice compressive and crushing strengths. Researchers have proposed several mechanisms thought to govern ice and snow friction, but directly validating the underlying mechanics has been difficult. This may be changing, as instruments capable of micro-scale measurements and imaging are now being brought to bear on friction studies. Nevertheless, given the broad regimes of practical interest (interaction length, temperature, speed, pressure, slider properties, etc.), it may be unrealistic to expect that a single mechanism accounts for why ice and snow are slippery. Because bulk ice, and the ice grains that constitute snow, are solids near their melting point at terrestrial temperatures, most research has focused on whether a lubricating water film forms at the interface with a slider. However, ice is extremely brittle, and dry-contact abrasion and wear at the front of sliders could prevent or delay a transition to lubricated contact. Also, water is a poor lubricant, and lubricating films thick enough to separate surface asperities may not form for many systems of interest. This article aims to assess our knowledge of the mechanics underlying ice and snow friction.
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Barefoot, Susan, Benjamin Juven, Thomas Hughes, Avraham Lalazar, A. B. Bodine, Yitzhak Ittah, and Bonita Glatz. Characterization of Bacteriocins Produced by Food Bioprocessing Propionobacteria. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1992.7561061.bard.

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Objectives were to further characterize activity spectra of dairy propionibacteria bacteriocins, jenseniin G and propionicin PLG-1, purify them, examine the role of cell walls in resistance, examine their interactions with cytoplasmic membrane, explain producer immunity, and clone the responsible genes. Inhibitory spectra of both bacteriocins were further characterized. Propionicin was most effective in controlling Gram-positive, rather than Gram-negative organisms; it controlled growth of sensitive cells both in a culture medium and a model food system. Jenseniin inhibited yogurt cultures and may help prevent yogurt over-acidification. Both were active against botulinal spores; jenseniin was sporostatic; propionicin was sporicidal. Jenseniin was produced in broth culture, was stable to pH and temperature extremes, and was purified. Its molecular mass (3649 Da) and partial amino acid composition (74%) were determined. A blocked jenseniin N-terminus prevented sequencing. Methods to produce propionicin in liquid culture were improved, and large scale culture protocols to yield high titers were developed. Methods to detect and quantify propionicin activity were optimized and standardized. Stability of partially purified propionicin was demonstrated and an improved purification scheme was developed. Purified propionicin had a 9328-Da molecular mass, contained 99 amino acids, and was significantly hydrophobic; ten N-terminal amino acids were identified. Propionicin and Jenseniin interacted with cytoplasmic membranes; resistance of insensitive species was cell wall-related. Propionicin and jenseniin acted similarly; their mode of action appeared to differ from nisin. Spontaneous jenseniin-resistant mutants were resistant to propionicin but nisin-sensitive. The basis for producer immunity was not resolved. Although bacteriocin genes were not cloned, a jenseniin producer DNA clone bank and three possible vectors for cloning genes in propionibacteria were constructed. In addition, transposon Tn916 was conjugatively transferred to the propionicin producer from chromosomal and plasmid locations at transfer frequencies high enough to permit use of Tn916 for insertional mutagenesis or targeting genes in propionibacteria. The results provide information about the bacteriocins that further supports their usefulness as adjuncts to increase food safety and/or quality.
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Antignus, Yehezkiel, Ernest Hiebert, Shlomo Cohen, and Susan Webb. Approaches for Studying the Interaction of Geminiviruses with Their Whitefly Vector Bemisia tabaci. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604928.bard.

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The DNA of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCB) was detected in its whitefly vector, Bemisia tabaci, by dot spot hybridization as early as 1 h after acquisition access. The retention of the virus nucleic acid in the vector was at least 23 days after a 48 h acquisition access. However, the retention of TYLCV coat protein did not exceed 10 days. No replicative forms of TYLCV could be detected in B. tabaci, indicating a non-propagative relationship with the vector. Whiteflies were not able to accumulate naked virion ssDNA, virus cloned dsDNA, or virions with impaired coat protein. Deletion, frameshift, and single amino acid mutations were inserted into open reading frames (ORFs) V1 and V2 (Coat protein) of TYLCV. The ability of these mutants to replicate, to spread and to induce symptoms was tested both in leaf disks and in intact plants. No replication was found in tissues that were infected with a deletion mutant that lacked the carboxy half of the coat protein gene. Residual amounts of ssDNA and dsDNA were detected i tissues infected with a frameshift mutant in which an early termination at the extreme part of the protein. Two other mutants in which a single amino acid was changed in the overlapping part of V1 and V2 were able to spread systemically but infections remained symptomless and the production of ssDNA and dsDNA were significantly lower. These mutants were acquired and transmitted by Bemisia tabaci. Procedures for the the dissection, fixation and embedding of whiteflies were developed. The anatomy and ultrastructure of the salivary gland and the midgut of Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (a vector and non-vector of geminiviruses respectively) was studied and described. Monoclonal antibodies against bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) with narrow and broad spectrum were prepared. Transmission studies of tomato mottle geminivirus (TMoV) by B. tabaci were carried out. These studies were essential for a further work aimed to understand the interaction of geminiviruses with the insect and their localization in its tissues. To enable the production of transgenic plants procedures were developed for tomato transformation with both Agrobacterium and microparticle bombardment.
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Joly, Kyle, and Matthew Cameron. Caribou vital sign annual report for the Arctic Network Inventory and Monitoring Program: September 2022?August 2023. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301773.

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Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) are an integral part of the ecological and cultural fabric of northwest Alaska. Western Arctic Herd (WAH) caribou roam over this entire region, including all 5 Arctic Network (ARCN) Inventory and Monitoring Program?s National Park units. Conservation of healthy caribou populations is specifically mentioned within the enabling legislation (Alaska National Interested Lands Conservation Act or ANILCA) for 3 of these park units and is of importance to subsistence hunters. Caribou are, by far, the most abundant large mammal in northwest Alaska and are famous for their long-distance migrations and large population oscillations. For these reasons, the ARCN parks chose WAH caribou as a Vital Sign for long-term monitoring. This report documents the monitoring results of this Vital Sign during its 14th year (September 2022?August 2023) of implementation. Results from the previous years of monitoring are also included for ease of comparison. Periodic syntheses of these data will be performed and reported on as appropriate. National Park Service (NPS) monitoring of the WAH is done in conjunction and cooperation with the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADFG). Thanks to a 2015 data sharing agreement, the report includes data funded by the ADFG dating back to September 2013. That particular year was chosen as it represents when the ADFG started deploying a substantial number of GPS collars on an 8-hour relocation schedule. Monitoring of the herd relies heavily on the use of Global Positioning System (GPS) radio telemetry collars that are capable of transmitting location data to a satellite. Given the extremely remote area that the WAH inhabits, this system provides the most efficient and accurate means to track individual caribou. These data are utilized to monitor the timing and location of migrations, as well as seasonal distributions of WAH caribou. Monitoring movement and the phenology of movement is perhaps the simplest means to track the influences of climate change, natural perturbations, development, and other potential impacts on a species?an analysis of which is outside the scope of this current report. This report also documents the NPS commitment and involvement with the WAH Working Group. The group is composed of important stakeholders including representatives for rural villages, sport hunters, conservationists, hunting guides, hunting transporters, and reindeer herders. In addition, all the agencies charged with managing the WAH, including the ADFG, NPS, US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and Bureau of Land Management (BLM), serve as advisors to the group. Information gathered by the Caribou Vital Sign monitoring program are intended to supplement and complement existing data streams gathered by the other cooperating agencies and will be important in future management decisions.
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Avnimelech, Yoram, Richard C. Stehouwer, and Jon Chorover. Use of Composted Waste Materials for Enhanced Ca Migration and Exchange in Sodic Soils and Acidic Minespoils. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575291.bard.

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Restoration of degraded lands and the development of beneficial uses for waste products are important challenges facing our society. In addition there is a need to find useful and environmentally friendly applications for the organic fractions of municipal and other solid waste. Recent studies have shown that composted wastes combined with gypsum or gypsum-containing flue gas desulfurization by-products enhance restoration of sodic soils and acidic minespoils. The mechanism by which this synergistic effect occurs in systems at opposite pH extremes appears to involve enhanced Ca migration and exchange. Our original research objectives were to (1) identify and quantify the active compost components involved in Ca transport, (2) determine the relative affinity of the compost components for Ca and competing metals in the two soil/spoil systems, (3) determine the efficacy of the compost components in Ca transport to subjacent soil and subsequent exchange with native soil cations, and (4) assess the impacts of compost enhanced Ca transport on soil properties and plant growth. Acidic mine spoils: During the course of the project the focus for objective (1) and (2) shifted more towards developing and evaluating methods to appropriately quantify Ca2+ and Al3+ binding to compost derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). It could be shown that calcium complexation by sewage sludge compost derived DOM did not significantly change during the composting process. A method for studying Al3+ binding to DOM was successfully developed and should allow future insight into DOM-Al3+ interactions in general. Laboratory column experiments as well as greenhouse experiments showed that in very acidic mine spoil material mineral dissolution controls solution Al3+ concentration as opposed to exchange with Ca2+. Therefore compost appeared to have no effect on Al3+ and Ca2+ mobility and did not affect subsoil acidity. Sodic alkaline soils: Batch experiments with Na+ saturated cation exchange resins as a model for sodic soils showed that compost home cations exchanged readily with Na+. Unlike filtered compost extracts, unfiltered compost suspensions also significantly increased Ca2+ release from CaCO3. Soil lysimeter experiments demonstrated a clear impact of compost on structural improvement in sodic alkaline soils. Young compost had faster, clearer and longer lasting effects on soil physical and chemical properties than mature compost. Even after 2 growing seasons differences could still be observed. Compost increased Ca2+ concentration in soil solution and solubility of pedogenic CaCO3 that is highly insoluble under alkaline conditions. The solubilized Ca2+ efficiently exchanged Na+ in the compost treated soils and thus greatly improved the soil structure.
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Financial Infrastructure Report 2022. Banco de la República, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-sist-pag.eng.2022.

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Banco de la República's monitoring of the local financial market infrastructure is an additional contribution to the country's financial stability. One of the products of that monitoring has been the Payment Systems Report, which is now known as the Financial Infrastructure Report. The change in name, as of this edition, is intended to reflect in a broader way the issues that are addressed in the report. The 2022 edition includes several changes that are the result of a comparative study of financial infrastructure reports prepared by other central banks. These changes seek to make the report more fluid and easier to read, including main points and selected key figures for the different interest groups to which it is addressed. The report shows the financial infrastructure continued to render its services without interruption, with general evidence of good performance in 2021. Additionally, the resilience of the Central Counterparty Risk of Colombia (CRCC) and the Large-value Payments System (CUD) to extreme events was validated, based on stress tests conducted according to international standards (focused on liquidity and credit risk). As for retail payments, transactional information indicates the use of electronic instruments increased in terms of value during 2021 compared to 2020 (credit and debit cards, checks and electronic funds transfers). The use of debit and credit cards in payments rose to levels similar to those reached in the pre-pandemic year. Meanwhile, electronic funds transfers continued to grow. Although the results of the BR 2022 survey show cash continues to be the instrument most used by the public for regular payments (like the situation in other countries), the perception of its use decreased significantly to 75 % (87 % in 2019). Also, in commerce, cash was the preferred instrument for customers. However, in this measurement, several retail channels such as hairdressers, drugstores and restaurants joined the group that has traditionally received electronic payments for a value greater than 10% of their sales (hypermarkets and gas stations). Likewise, for nearly 50% of the population, cash payments are lower than before the pandemic. This is consistent with the transactional increase in electronic payment instruments that was observed in 2021. Banco de la República continues to monitor the technological developments that have expanded and modernized the supply in the international and local payments market, as these are issues of interest to the industry that provides clearing and settlement services. This report outlines the Pix case for instant payments in Brazil, the projects that are underway regarding the possible issue of digital currency by central banks (CBDC) for cross-border payments, as well as an approach to the Fintech ecosystem in Colombia, with an emphasis on companies that provide payment services. Leonardo Villar Governor Main points: 2022 The local financial infrastructure was safe and efficient throughout the year. The services of the financial infrastructure were proved on a continuous basis, showing good performance overall. Less momentum in the large-value payment system CUD activity declined versus the previous year because of fewer government deposits with BanRep. This was offset partially by growth in repos to increase money supply and in retail-value payments (electronic funds transfers, checks and cards). Increased momentum in financial market infrastructures. Larger amounts were cleared and settled through the Central Securities Depository (DCV) due to an increase in the market for sovereign debt. Operations managed by the Central Counterparty Risk of Colombia (CRCC) increased due to inclusion of the foreign exchange segment and the positive evolution in non-delivery forward peso/dollar contracts. Added confidence in the peso/dollar spot foreign exchange market due to CRCC interposition. Number and value of trades grew, mainly due to the adjustment of therisk management model for the FX segment and the increase in the limiton net selling positions in dollars. Stress testing with international standards to validate CRCC and CUD resilience Stress tests conducted independently by the SFC, BanRep and the CRCC, like those done in England and the United States, concluded that the CRCC's risk management model allows it to withstand extreme market events and simultaneous defaults by its main members. Based on the experience of other central banks, BanRep strengthened its intraday liquidity risk stress exercises in the CUD by incorporating temporary payment delays. It calculated that a two-hour delay by a key participant increases the system's liquidity needs by 0.5%. Electronic payments increased during 2021 According to transactional information, all electronic payment instruments increased in value versus 2020 (electronic funds transfers, checks and debit and credit cards). Electronic funds transfers continued to grow (80% from legal entities), with the participation of closed schemes driven particularly by the use of mobile wallets (35% of the number of intra-transfer transactions). The use of debit and credit cards for payments climbed to levels similar to those witnessed in the pre-pandemic year. Cash continues to be the instrument most used by the public for regular payments. The results of the BanRep survey in 2022 show that the perception of the use of cash declined significantly to 75% (87% in 2019), and about 50% of the population perceive their cash payments as being lower than those they made before the pandemic. Electronic funds transfers were second most used instrument, having increased to 15% (3% in 2019). Also, in commerce, cash was the preferred instrument of payment for its customers; however, several commerce channels received more than 10% of the value of their sales in electronic payments (hypermarkets 35%, gas stations 25%, hairdressers 15%, drugstores 14% and restaurants 12%). Continuous technological developments have broadened, and modernized services offered in the payments market. Pix (instant payments in Brazil). The high level of adoption of instant transfers in Brazil motivated a review of its strengths; namely, the possibility of different use cases between individuals, businesses, and government; high participation by financial and payment institutions; free of charge for individuals and the possibility of charging legal entities, and simple user experience. Digital currencies in central banking. Several groups of countries have joined forces to conduct pilot projects with wholesale CBDCs for cross-border payments. Flows generated by international trade, foreign investment and remittances between individuals can be processed more efficiently, transparently, and securely by reducing their cost and increasing their speed. Due to the constant progress being made on this issue, BanRep will continue to monitor all CBDC-related matters. The fintech ecosystem for payments in Colombia. A high percentage of existing FinTech companies in the country are dedicated to offering digital payment services: wallets, payment gateways, mobile devices (point-of-sale terminals) and acquisition. These have driven innovation in payment services.
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