Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Extrusion (mécanique)'
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Poitou, Arnaud. "Approche mécanique du mélange par extrusion." Paris, ENMP, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ENMP0085.
Full textLe, Fur Jean Jacques. "Réalisation de minigranulés par extrusion-sphéronisation." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05P071.
Full textDoyat, Sylvie. "Mélanges polypropylène-carbonate de calcium : extrusion réactive et rhéologie." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO19009.
Full textSilagy, David. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation du procédé d'extrusion de film à plat de polymère." Paris, ENMP, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENMP0724.
Full textOuakka, Abderrahman. "Approches stationnaires en mécanique non linéaire." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ENPC9329.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to carry out theoretical investigation of steady state mechanical problems and to develop systematic and reliable procedures for computational analysis of these problems. This thesis is divided in three parts which illustrate the steady state approach. The first part is devoted to the three-dimensional simulation of roll-expansion process by mean of a stationary algorithm. The aim is to evaluate the effects of several parameters (geometry, loading conditions, material behavior) on the residual stresses which play an important role for the prediction of damage and corrosion craking occurring in some Inconel tubes of steam generators. The second part is aiming to extend the steady state algorithm to the case of finite transformation. The variation of the geometry of a material element during the forming process incline to describe the kinematics of the flow by searching the streamlines. This leads us to propose a suitable algorithm. As an illustration of the such approach, the forming process and the orthogonal metal cutting are numerically investigated. Finally, the last part is essentially theorical. It is devoted to the study of a steady state crack propagation in a hyper-elastic solid subject to finite anti-plane shear. The small-scale yielding is assumed. The solution is obtained by an asymptotic treatment of the near-crack tip fields. The analytic solutions obtains for various classes materials generalize those constructed by Knowles and Sternberg. This study gives the main parameters governing the crack propagation in this nonlinear material. The conditions of the lost of ellipticity of the governing displacement equation of equilibrium lead to solutions containing lines of deformations gradient discontinuity depending on the Mach number
Jebalia, Imen. "Elaboration et comportement mécanique de matériaux composites amylo-protéiques." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT4061.
Full textStarchy extruded foods are considered as solid foam and their texture is defined by their structure and the mechanical properties of the cell-wall, or constitutive material. This material is envisioned as dense composite of starch and proteins. In addition to composition, the mechanical properties of these composites depend on their morphology, created during extrusion. In this context, the aim of our study is to determine the relationship between morphological features and mechanical properties of legume based starch-protein composites in glassy state, using experimental and finite element modelling (FEM) approaches. In this purpose, dense pea composites having various starch-protein morphologies were obtained by twin-screw extrusion of pea flour and blends of pea starch and protein isolates (SP). Microscopy study of these samples revealed that their morphology displayed protein aggregates embedded in an amorphous starch matrix. This microstructure can be described by several features, such as the median size of protein aggregates, and a protein-starch interface index (Ii) derived from their total perimeter and area. These morphological features depended on the extent of starch destructuration and of protein aggregations, which are controlled by material composition and specific mechanical energy (100< SME<2000 kJ/kg) during extrusion. Pea flour composites exhibited a brittle mechanical behavior, whereas rupture of SP blend composites occurred in the plasticity domain at higher breaking stress and strain. The impact of morphological features, in particular of Ii, was explained by the poor interfacial adhesion between pea starch and pea protein aggregates. Nanoindentation study showed that the starch and protein phases, and the interphase of the composites exhibited significantly different values of modulus, depending on their composition and transformation. These results fed the FEM mechanical modelling study, which indicated that the elastic-plastic constitutive law following Voce scheme represented adequately the macroscopic and microscopic mechanical behaviors of pea composites. The implementation of these laws on the meshed microstructure of pea composites allowed predicting their mechanical behavior at macroscopic scale. This work provides a solid basis for further development of predictive models of the texture of legume based extruded foods
Chalamet, Yvan. "Polycondensation par extrusion réactive d'une bisoxazoline et d'oligomères diacides carboxyliques." Lyon, INSA, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ISAL0057.
Full textThe aim of this work is the study of diacid/bisoxazoline systems: carboxyl terminated polyamide 12 (PATD)/(1,3 phenyl)(bisoxazoline) (PBO) and flat di ac id (AGD)/PBO in sight of the mode Jing of reactive extrusion. A kinetic model, developed for a model system, shows the equireactivity of PBO. This model is validated for AGD/PBO system but does not fit the experimental data of the reaction between PATD and PBO carried out at higher temperature. The NMR analysis doesn't show any particular side reactions, so the divergence of these results would be caused by evaporation of PBO. This problem has been solved by using an autoclave. The study of rheological behavior on AGD/PBO and PATD/PBO standard samples shows that the viscosity of these systems is Newtonian and its evolution with the temperature follows a Arrhenius law. We propose a rheokinetic model for AGD/PBO system. In the presence of degradation reactions and the evaporation of PBO this model doesn't fit the experimental data of PATD/PBO system. The study of PA TD/PBO reaction in extrusion consisted to note the influence of experimental conditions on the reaction conversion and residence time. The interpretation of these results Jeans on calculations of simulation of the temperature profile and flow in a twin screw extruder. But even if the general trends of calculated and experimental evaluations are close, we note an underestimation of residence time and overvaluation of then reaction conversion. This shows the necessity to couple the reaction conversion to the viscosity and to integrated them at the calculation to obtain a model more close to the reality
Gorguette, d'Argoeuves Emmanuel de. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de rétention d'eau et de mouvements hydriques lors de la mise en forme par extrusion de pâtes cimentaires." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EVRY0043.
Full textWater retention and fluid migration mechanisms under stress had been analysed in a reactive micro granular media by use of a ultra high performance cement based paste during extrusion. Water retention was controlled by use of polysaccharide or amorphous silica admixtures. Components had been mixed under high sheat processes and experimental methods as themo gravimetry, fluxmetry, ultrasonic spectroscopy, capillary rheometer, NMR imaging, sem and mechanical tests had been performed. An inverse problem modeling had led to the determination of the main rheological parameters of the extrusionh process
Hoang, Viet Hai. "Interaction fluide-structure : comportement tribologique des matériaux minéraux à base cimentaire à l'état frais." Rennes, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAR0036.
Full textThe tribological properties of cement based material and rigid metallic wall are studied. The range of normal stress is 21,7 – 358 kPa. The range of slip velocity is 10-3 – 10-1 m/s. The roughness is characterised by the Ra indicator and the analysed range is 0. 52 – 100 µm. Thus, the average structure of the material is taken into account in the study. This experimental study is realised by mean a tribometer. Such device is developed and validated in the laboratory. Finally, the wall friction reduction is studied and an electrical technique is used. Such technique induces the interface lubrication. The control of the lubrication regime was studied
Tara, Ahmed. "Modification chimique de l'amidon par extrusion réactive." Reims, 2005. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000171.pdf.
Full textThe starch finds many non-food applications after hydrothermal and/or chemical transformation (depolymerization, crosslinking, reactions of esterification, etherification. . . ). One of the objectives of this research work is to study the possibility of modifying this material by reactive extrusion, in particular to carry out the cationization of a wheat starch which finds one of its principal applications in paper industry. It is then used as an agent of coating or surfacing. The reactive extrusion process compares the extruder to a chemical reactor working continuously and it makes it possible to combine in only one operation several processes traditionally carried out in batch. Within the framework of this study, we sought to determine the influence of the operating conditions of the extruder (Clextral BC 21) on the reaction of cationization of a wheat starch, but also the influence of the reagent type and concentration, as well as their position of injection. The development of a specific die rheometer enabled us to measure the viscosity of various materials and to show, for the first time, that the reaction of cationization does not modify starch viscosity. In addition to their increased solubility, starches modified by reactive extrusion represent properties which are completely similar to that of commercial cationic starches prepared in batch. We have also studied the modeling of the cationization process in twin-screw extruder. The confrontation of the simulation results with experimental measurements always proved to be satisfactory. The developed model allowed the optimization of the screw profile of the laboratory extruder and the extrapolation to a machine of bigger size (Clextral BC 45). For applications in paper mill, this study allows the extrapolation to an industrial scale of the cationization process of the wheat starch
Hasani, Arman. "Modélisation de lignes d'écoulement en extrusion angulaire à section constante et non-constante." Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ012S/document.
Full textTwo new flow line models were proposed; a new “fan-model” (FM) and a generalized “power-law model” (PLM). The FM is tested on experimentally obtained flow lines in Al ECAE processed through a 90° and a120° die. The PLM is compared also with the flow fields obtained from finite element simulations. For the PLM, the effects of its parameters on the maximum strain rate and von Mises equivalent strain are analysed. The experimental flow lines in ECAE deformed Al are analyzed with regard to these parameters and their variation within the 90° and 120° dies is discussed. Using the PLM, the effect of the back pressure on the deformation field in a 90° ECAE die for an aluminium alloy 6061 is analysed. Application of these two models in texture simulation is presented. The effects of each parameter of PLM on texture development in 90° and 135° ECAE die have been simulated. The comparison of simulated textures with those from experiment for Cu and Al obtained from 135° ECAE tests was presented and the differences between them were discussed. The texture simulations for Cu ECAE processed through a 90° die using the fan-type flow line model is done with a very good agreement with experiment. The non-equal channel angular extrusion (NECAE) as a new SPD process is also presented. Material element shape change during this process within a 90° die is studied and a new flow line function is presented and validated using finite element simulations. Furthermore, texture development in NECAE is simulated and compared with the textures of the ECAE process
Lucas, Antoine. "Renforcement de copolyester thermoplastique par extrusion réactive." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1010.
Full textThe goal of this thesis work was to reinforce a thermoplastic copolyester by reactive extrusion in a twin-screw extruder. The objective was to trigger chemical reactions between different additives and the reactive groups of the copolyester in order to create and identify new molecular structures. Several strategies were studied: the addition of polyetheramines presenting different molar masses and functionalities, the addition of phenolic resins in different conditions, and the in situ development during the extrusion process of a thermoset phase in the thermoplastic matrix by epoxide-amine reactions
Titier, Christelle. "Synthèse par extrusion réactive et caracterisation de prepolymères epoxy-amine multiméthacryliques." Lyon, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAL0031.
Full textThe aim of this study is the synthesis of epoxy-amine multimethacrylic prepolymer by reactive extrusion. By epoxy-amine polycondensation, the GMA/DGEBA/diamine ( 6/1/2) reactive system leads to the one-step formation of prepolymers which terminal double bonds can further react to form a three-dimensional network. The first part presents the study of the system in batch and the choice of efficient amines and catalysts with a view to synthesis in the extruder. From the numerous epoxy-amine kinetic studies and mechanisms proposed in the literature, the reaction of prepolymer formation can be simulated with model systems. In the second part, after a bibliographic study concerning reactive extrusion and parameters which are important for processing, prepolymers have been synthesized using a corotating twin-screw extruder at several temperatures and with different screw configurations. Residence time distributions, measured using biphenyl as tracer, allowed to see the influence of temperature and screw configuration on the mean residence time and on the prepolymer conversion at the exit. Experiments have also be done with modified systems, with other amines and elastomers for example. Networks obtained from extruded prepolymers were characterized by dynamic mechanical analysis and compared in the third part
Doudard, Karine. "Développement de nouveaux procédés intervenant dans la fabrication de bougies." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4014.
Full textIndustrial manufacturing of candles uses paraffin wax. Today, as many petroleum hydrocarbons, paraffin becomes a resource less and less available. Its production is decreasing while global demand increases. This situation creates tensions on the purchase of this raw material as well as a sharp increase of prices. The objective of this thesis is to improve raw material (paraffin or plant substitutes) integration ways in the three major processes of candle production: pressing, extrusion and filling. For the pressing process, compressibility and compactibility of paraffin powders are studied. A compression device was developed to allow the formation of tablets from powder. The results are modeled and show the influence of the size and the shape of particles on the compression (density increase under pressure) and the compaction (resistance as a function of density) of paraffin powder. Regarding the extrusion process, the goal is to improve the technical knowledge of the process and particularly to work on the relationship between mechanical properties of the raw materials, settings of the process and appearance of the final products. For this purpose, this process was simulated in laboratory. Finally, the filling process is optimized by developing a protocol as well as a formulation enabling the industrial foaming of wax. This project have an ecological positive impact as it reduces needs for fossil resources and the energy required for manufacturing and transportation of candles
Mougin, Bruno. "Elaboration de matériaux nanocomposites polyamide 6,6-silice par génération in situ de la charge inorganique au cours du procédé d'extrusion." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10079.
Full textAndasmas, Mohamed. "Elaboration de matériaux intermétalliques par les procédés combinés de combustion autopropagée et d'extrusion hydrostatique." Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA132024.
Full textThis manuscript deals with the study of synthesis processes, shaping and densification of materials in extreme conditions of temperature and stress. The central process of this study is the SHS process, acronym for Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis, which is a fast synthesis process at high temperatures (> 1800°C) in the solid state which can sometimes generate non equilibrium materials. This process is associated to another one for densification, Differential Hydrostatic Extrusion: before reaction, this process induces a mechanical activation by severe plastic deformation of the reagents, associated with densification, texturation, residual stresses. . . This study made possible the identification and the separation of the various phenomena entering in the MASHS process (Mechanically Activated SHS, process which consists in carrying out a short time ball milling of the reagents and before making them react). The milling conditions were optimized in order to minimize the energy of the reactions ignition. NiAl intermetallic, whose physical properties make it a potential candidate to replace some superalloys for high temperature structural applications, was thus synthesized in nanostructured form with a low energy contribution. A study on the densification was then undertaken and very pure, dense and textured NiAl intermetallic was obtained
Dufrancatel-Veiller, Laurence. "Etude du gonflement des polymères et de son incidence sur la précision dimensionnelle des profiles extrudés : application aux polyuréthannes thermoplastiques." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-303.pdf.
Full textAuclerc, Mathilde. "Modifications chimiques de polyamide par extrusion réactive." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1198.
Full textChanvrier, Hélène. "Matériaux à base de biopolymères du mai͏̈s : élaboration et comportement mécanique." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2062.
Full textThe structure-properties relationships of corn flour based materials submitted to a thermomechanical treatment were studied by using starch-zein blends dense materials, made by extrusion (300 J. G-1, T = 120ʿC) and thermomoulding (140ʿC). Glass transition temperature of corn flour and starch-zein materials is similar to the one of pure starch (MC 12 %). Blend materials present a fragile behaviour, distinct from the ductile one of starch, which is explained by the weak adhesion between the components. For low zein contents (< 15 %), zein is the dispersed phase, for higher zein contents (> 32 %), zein is continuous. The mechanical properties were the lowest in the co-continuous domain (between 15 and 32 % zein). After expansion by microwaves (1000W, 10s), the biphasic dense materials present higher densities than the one of the starchy materials. Structure and densities variations with zein content were explained by the variations of the elongational viscosity and rubbery elastic modulus E'. The observations of the cellular structure by X-ray tomography suggest that particles in the starchy matrix change the nucleation and the mechanism of bubble growth
Lucas, Antoine. "Renforcement de copolyester thermoplastique par extrusion réactive." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1010.
Full textThe goal of this thesis work was to reinforce a thermoplastic copolyester by reactive extrusion in a twin-screw extruder. The objective was to trigger chemical reactions between different additives and the reactive groups of the copolyester in order to create and identify new molecular structures. Several strategies were studied: the addition of polyetheramines presenting different molar masses and functionalities, the addition of phenolic resins in different conditions, and the in situ development during the extrusion process of a thermoset phase in the thermoplastic matrix by epoxide-amine reactions
Auclerc, Mathilde. "Modifications chimiques de polyamide par extrusion réactive." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1198.
Full textNigen, Sophie. "Instabilités en extrusion de polymères fondus : atténuation, élimination, mécanismes." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10017.
Full textSeznec, Vincent. "Verres et vitrocéramiques de chalcohalogénures dopés terres rares : mise en forme par extrusion du verre GASIR." Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1S112.
Full textNobelen, Matthieu. "Étude du procédé d'homogénéisation de polyéthylènes à distribution bimodale des masses molaires par extrusion en conditions supercritiques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2006_NOBELEN_M.pdf.
Full textPolyethylenes having a bimodal molecular weight distribution are of great interest because they combine the good processability of the low molecular weight (LMW) component and the superior mechanical properties of the high molecular weight (HMW) fraction. However, the presence of HMW gels in the continuous phase hinders the final product quality. A method for the homogenization of these polymers by supercritical fluid assisted extrusion has been investigated. After having assessed the contribution of supercritical carbon dioxide in the reduction of the melt viscosity of polyethylene, the influence of operating conditions like screw rotation speed, polymer flow rate or CO2 content on the product morphology was evaluated. It was shown that under certain conditions, the mixing efficiency reached 98 % upon injection of CO2. The elaboration of an experimental strategy led to the modeling of morphological properties and the specific energy. The development of these models required the use of the experimental data for parametric identification. Both experimental and statistical validations were carried out. The modeling of the homogenization process was then used to propose an optimized extrusion process. Multicriteria analysis of the process consisted in obtaining the best compromise from the fixed objectives, that is maximization of the mixing efficiency along with the lowest specific energy possible. Collectively, this work provides a better understanding of the efficiency and the limits of the supercritical fluid assisted extrusion of bimodal polyethylenes
Truchassou, Anne-Sophie. "Etude de la résistance aux chocs de tubes PVC à parois structurées : influence du procédé de fabrication sur les propriétés finales." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/LICHTLE_Anne-Sophie_2007.pdf.
Full textCurrently, the multi-layer PVC pipes, used for sewage systems does not guarantee an enough impact resistance. A study was thus undertaken to improve the toughness of pipes. The analyse of the manufacturing process, the extrusion, shows that this process is complex. The awaited properties of the pipes depend on parameters related to the manufacturing process like to the product. It exists a real difficulty to find the crucial parameters on which to act to improve the toughness. To identify them, instrumented impact tests were realized. These tests show that thoughness is not homogeneous aroud the pipe. There are zones of weakest strength to the level of the welding surfaces, created during the manufacturing. To reduce the impact of these surfaces on the pipe toughness, a 3D numerical model of the melt flow was set up. A modification of the dies was proposed
Rahman, Latifah. "Granulation par extrusion/sphéronisation. Etude pharmacotechnique et incidence de la physico-chimie des excipients." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON13502.
Full textDelaine, Patrick. "Approche tribologique du comportement dynamique d'une extrudeuse bi-vis co-rotative." Lyon, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAL0050.
Full textThe aim of this study is to become fully acquainted with the mechanical cause(s ) of the loss of steel particles from the extrusion elements of a twin-screw co-rotating extruder. After a brief introduction previous observations concerning particle detachment, we shall proceed to a phenomenological study broken down into four points as follows: - Analysis by acoustic emission - Analysis by observation using optical means - Analysis by measurement of dynamic effort – Modelling. Application of this method demonstrated the complexity of the dynamic characteristics and showed that using an experimental model allowed us to isolate the most influential parameters
Ligarski, Kazimierz. "Développement et valorisation de l'extrusion/sphéronisation. Place des paramètres physico-techniques pour la maîtrise de la production de sphéroi͏̈des neutres de type homéopathique." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON13515.
Full textFulchiron, René. "Etude des corrélations entre les caractéristiques moléculaires, le comportement rhéologique en cisaillement et en élongation, et l'aptitude au filage du polypropylène." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10096.
Full textPham, Duc Thien. "Conception optimale d'un test d'extrusion directe pour l'investigation et l'identification par analyse inverse des propriétés tribologiques des matériaux métalliques utilisés dans le forgeage volumique à froid." Rennes, INSA, 2011. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01980518/document.
Full textIn the industry of metal forming, friction plays a very important role. However, it is difficult to control completely this phenomenon, especially in the complex processes where the rate of the new surface generated during the plastic deformation is important. The thesis proposes to identify by inverse analysis the tribological properties of material, directly starting from the curve of the load versus the displacement of a direct extrusion process. The design of an extrusion die, with optimal dimensions to maximize the influence of friction, was carried out using analytical calculations based on particular criteria such as: the maximum capacity of the press, the maximization of the friction length and of the ratio between the friction power and the deformation power, the limit of the reduction rate to avoid damage of the material. Since in the extrusion process there is a certain coupling between the influence of the rheological parameters and the tribological parameters, compression tests using "dumbbells" specimens were carried out in a first stage in order to identify the rheological behavior law of the material. The design of the proposed test has been validated by numerical simulations using FORGE2®. The numerical simulations were also performed in order to analyze the sensitivity of rheological and tribological parameters of the material on the extrusion load. The influence of the geometry of the die on the extrusion load curve has been examined in detail. A campaign of tests was carried out for the AA5083 aluminum alloy. The behavior law of the material was consequently identified by inverse analysis starting from the experimental load curve of compression tests using "dumbbells" specimens. In a second step, the tribological properties of the material for different friction models were then identified by inverse analysis starting from the extrusion load curve. The method of identification by inverse analysis was finally validated by the simulation of an industrial extrusion process. The campaign of experimental studies has been completed by the characterization of the material by measurements of hardness, X-ray diffraction measurements and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) measurements in order to highlight the evolution of the surface of the extruded specimen after the plastic deformation. The results indicate that friction has an important influence on the evolution of crystal orientations of the surface of the extruded material
Ziani, Abdelouahab. "Caractérisation d'alliages légers Al-Cr-Fe pour applications à haute température élaborés par solidification rapide." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL035N.
Full textTichané, Teddy. "Orientation de nanoparticules par écoulement de cisaillement dans une matrice viscoélastique." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSES058.
Full textThe aim of this study is to realize a magnetic nanocomposite material for applications in the telecommunications field. This material is composed of a matrix of PMMA with significant dielectric properties and nanoparticles of magnetic barium hexaferrite. These nanoparticles with the form of hexagonal platelets have an average diameter of 50 nm for 5 nm in thickness, thus a form factor of 10. Their particular shape makes it possible to orient them mechanically. The study of functionalization and grafting on nanoparticles to promote their dispersion in the polymer matrix is presented in this work.Thus, the first part of this study is the hydrothermal synthesis and the characterization of nanoparticles of hexaferrite barium. The objective is the formation of nanoparticles of monodisperse size without formation of byproducts. The second part of the work focuses on the functionalization of nanoparticles followed by grafting with the polymer matrix in order to improve their dispersion. The interest of this study is to increase the dispersion to favor the mechanical orientation of the nanoparticles. The advantage of good dispersion is to be able to increase the nanoparticle charge rate in the final composite material. The third part concerns the synthesis of the polymer matrix with the objective of high molar masses to increase the viscosity of the material at high temperature during extrusion processes. The last part of the work concerns the shaping of the final composite material by an extrusion process with a flat die. This extrusion will guide the nanoparticles through high shear rates. These materials are then magnetically characterized to measure their properties and to observe the overall orientation of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix
Perrot, Arnaud. "Conditions d'extrudabilité des matériaux à base cimentaire." Rennes, INSA, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ISAR0017.
Full textCement based material extrusion is not yet a very common forming process. As example, extrusion flow properties of such firm pastes are not well described. The possibility to extrude cement base materials seems to be very promising in the scope of high mechanical performanceprecast concrete. The study of the rheological and tribological behaviour shows that the studied materials exhibit a frictional plastic behaviour. The measurements of the permeability and compressibilty properties of the granular skeletons indicate the time of fluid filtration and the extrusion time are close. The addition of a vibration change the materials rheology (yield stress reduction with the vibration velocity). The observation of the axisymetrical flow typology induced by a ram displacement toward a square entry die shows the development of two dewatered zones during the extrusion. The first zone is located near the ram and the second is the dead zone. A simplified analytical model allow to compute the extrusion force, in such geometry, integrating the flow induced heterogeneities. An ininterrupted forming process industrially working is then studied: the material screw extrusion. Results show that with a sufficient rotation velocity of the screw, the induces flow is undrained and the material stays homogeneous. The pertinency of a coupling between vibration and extusion is then demonstrated. Such coupling allows to reduce the extrusion force. Finally, the limits of the extrudability domain in rotation velocity and vibration velocity is determined and plotted in two dimensions
Fras, Isabelle. "Etude de l'influence de charges sur les phénomènes de glissement en filière et sur les propriétés mécaniques d'une gaine de câble électrique à base de polychlorure de vinyle plastifié." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10112.
Full textBrisson, Sylvie. "Procédé pilote de fractionnement des coques de tournesol : étude rhéologique de la fraction hémicellulosique et de ses applications en formulation." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT011G.
Full textKonieczny-Rozinoer, Alexia. "Textures des profilés d'alliages d'aluminium : expériences et simulations." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EMSE0012.
Full textThe final properties of profiles depend on the crystallographic texture gradients developed during hot extrusion. Two aeronautical products in alloy 7349 were extruded with the thicknesses 1. 8 and 10 mm. A design of experiments is performed to investigate the texture gradients in terms of extrusion parameters. In parallel, the profile textures are simulated by a numerical methodology, coupling finite elements simulations and Taylor model. The gradient texture calculations for axisymmetric and plain extrusion are validated. The method is extended to the three-dimensional extrusion to characterize the texture in the centre of the profile wing. EBSD measurements were carried out and present a plain strain gradient. The component Brass is favoured by high strains. At the crossing wings, a superposition of axisymmetric strain and plain strain texture is obtained. The experimental texture is in accordance with simulated one
Nikitine, Clémence. "Elaboration d’un matériaux poreux d’Eudragit E100 par extrusion assistée par CO2 supercritique : de la conception à la compréhension du procédé." Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENMP1489.
Full textExtrusion is a process already used industrially for converting a raw material into a product of uniform shape. The aim of this study is the development of a supercritical carbon dioxide CO2-assisted extrusion process which leads to the manufacturing of polymeric foams. This coupling is integrated in the present trends of process engineering. Indeed, we obtain a process without residues, without chemical blowing agent and with smooth operating conditions for new applications. In this study, we have identified the significant operating parameters and we have approached the key phenomena in order to obtain a porous matrix. With a view to a pharmaceutical applications, a biocompatible polymer was used, Eudragit E100. Within this context, experimental equipment has been designed based on a single-screw extruder in order to be able to inject supercritical CO2 within the material to be extruded. Supercritical CO2 modifies the rheological properties of the material and consequently the flow in the barrel of the extruder. After a tracer validation, the residence time distribution and particulate flow have been determined. A flow model based on ideal reactors was developed and the effect of temperature, screw speed and flow rate of CO2 was studied. A central composite statistical design and an image analysis Matlab software designed in the laboratory allow to determine the correlation between operating conditions and product characteristics, (i. E. Expansion, cell size and cell density) and process mechanisms, (i. E. Mixing, nucleation, growth and coalescence phenomena)
Poizat, Thierry Marie Xavier. "Modélisation de la dévolatilisation en milieux fortement visqueux en procédés discontinu et continu." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10092.
Full textBadin, Sophie. "Relations entre paramètres d’un procédé d’impression 3D MIM-like et performances mécaniques de structures en acier inoxydable 316L." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Centrale Lille Institut, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CLIL0023.
Full textMetal additive manufacturing has experienced significant growth in recent years, with applications spreading across various sectors such as aerospace, automotive, and medical. However, the most common processes, like powder bed fusion, present notable limitations, whether due to safety concerns from using volatile metal powders; or economic challenges, with high equipment and operational costs. In response to these challenges, new technologies have emerged, inspired by the metal injection molding (MIM) process and based on material extrusion. These technologies, often referred to as 'MIM-like,' use a mixture of polymers and metal powders, deposited layer by layer, followed by a debinding stage to remove the polymers, and then sintering to densify the final part.These innovations significantly reduce equipment costs and eliminate the risks associated with handling unbound powders. However, the debinding and sintering processes are still mostly carried out in expensive industrial furnaces, contradicting the initial goal of cost reduction ; or in proprietary equipment, limiting research and customization possibilities.The primary objective of this thesis is to develop an economical sintering strategy, adaptable to an accessible laboratory furnace, while ensuring performances comparable to those obtained with industrial processes. Stainless steel 316L, widely studied in the literature, was chosen as the material for this study, facilitating comparisons with existing work. This steel is typically sintered under a hydrogen atmosphere, a highly flammable gas requiring expensive leak detection and risk management systems. Therefore, alternatives to hydrogen have been explored, including argon, nitrogen, a nitrogen-hydrogen mix (90%/10%), as well as primary vacuum. This study thus provides an overview of the effects of these different sintering atmospheres on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the produced parts, comparing them to industrial conditions and MIM process standards.Finally, one of the major advantages of additive manufacturing is its ability to produce complex and lightweight parts that are impossible to create using conventional processes. While most research on extrusion processes focuses on optimizing solid parts, this thesis focuses on printing lightweight structures. A specific infill pattern was selected, and the influence of the infill density and the number of walls was studied through bending tests, analyzed using digital image correlation. These experiments aim to provide guidelines for the design and optimization of printed structural parts
Labidi, Sami. "Élaboration et caractérisation de nanocomposites argiles organo-modifiées/matrices polyéthylène et poly(ε-caprolactone) préparés par extrusion bivis." Paris, ENMP, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENMP0056.
Full textThe objective of this work was to produce organo-modified clays (OMMT)/HDPE and OMMT/Poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocomposites in order to optimize their global performances. The first part of the study was devoted to the achievement of a maximal dispersion of the clay sheets through the optimization of processing parameters for the twin screw extrusion. The use of a shearing profile coupled to a high mixing speed at the highest temperature was necessary to improve the tensile mechanical properties of PCL. However, its thermal stability and fire behavior appeared insufficient after OMMT incorporation. The use of flame retardants proved to be necessary. The use of phosphinates with synergistic agents allowed the fire reaction of the polymer matrix to be significantly improved. The second part of the study consisted in the development of relevant compositions and process for the production of a flexible thermoplastic sheet for applications in the nuclear area. This HDPE and OMMT based film was dedicated to make up for the drawbacks of existing protection sheets containing halogenated flame retardants
Nenonene, Amen. "Élaboration et caractérisation mécanique de panneaux de particules de tige de kénaf et de bioadhésifs à base de colle d'os, de tannin ou de mucilage." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7834/1/nenonene.pdf.
Full textPicaut, Lise. "Synthèse d'un tendon artificiel." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066265/document.
Full textTendon is a fibrous connective tissue, which transmits forces from muscle to bone. It is mainly composed of collagen I fibrils and fascicles aligned along its axis. Moreover, collagen fascicles exhibit a helical “crimp” which acts as a natural shock-absorber and may play a role in elastic recoil. Due to this hierarchical structure, tendons present both flexibility and a high tensile strength over a wide load range. When an injured tendon is severely ruptured, a heavy surgical procedure is required. To overcome this issue, several strategies have already been developed as autografts, decellularized tendons, braided synthetic fibers. However, none of these materials fully meets chemical, mechanical and cytocompatibility requirements. The aim of this thesis is to produce a collagen matrix which mimics tendon by extrusion under physiological conditions. First, using alginate solutions as a model system for their similar rheological properties, we performed an extensive study of the helical extrusion instability which hinders the formation of regular threads. Based on this work, we then produced micrometric threads of dense collagen or mixtures of collagen and alginate which exhibit structures aligned along the thread axis. The physico-chemical conditions are chosen in order to obtain homogeneous threads with optimized mechanical properties. Finally, mesenchymal stem cells are seeded in vitro on collagen based threads. They colonize our matrices and express characteristic genes which suggests that they differentiate into tendon-like cells
Lacoste, Jean-François. "Élaboration de fibres de poly(éthylène téréphtalate) à propriétés thermomécaniques améliorées par modification chimique à l'état fondu et à l'état solide." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10045.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to enhance the thermomechanical properties of PET fibers trialkoxysilane end-group crosslinking (hydrolysis-condensation) after the functionalization the alcohol and acid PET end-groups with bifunctional reagents. OH groupes were reacted with anhydride or isocyanate and COOH groups with epoxide. Reaction kinetics were studied by NMR on end-group model compounds. During melt modification many degradation and side reactions were observed and crosslinking occurred after hydrolysis-condensation. Thus we preferred to study the solid-state functionalization by diffusion of reagents at temperatures below 256°C. After solid-state modification, crosslinking finally occured giving maximum gel contents of 70°C. Mechanical properties of partially crosslinked samples were maintained up to 320°C
Delor-Delalonde, Michèle. "Etude physico-chimique et rhéologique de solides divisés, méthodologie et exploitation adaptées à l'extrusion-sphéronisation de celluloses microcristallines." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON13506.
Full textCombeaud, Christelle. "Etude des instabilités volumiques en extrusion de polystyrène et polypropylène." Phd thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2004. http://pastel.paristech.org/1078/01/these-combeaud.pdf.
Full textWe experimentally investigated the helical and chaotic instabilities of two polystyrenes and a polypropylene with two devices : a capillary rheometer and a transparent slit die fed by an extruder where birefringence experiments and laser-doppler velocimetry measurements are feasible. In the last case, the flow geometry consists in a reservoir followed by a contraction and a slit. In capillary rheometry, we focused on the flow conditions influence ( diameter, length, entry angle die, temperature…) on the helical instability onset. In birefringence experiments, we observed isochromatic fringe oscillations in the reservoir : in this unsteady regime, the main flow reaches the contraction asymmetrically. The use of a smooth entry convergent permits to postpone the defect occurrence to flow rates seven times higher than with an abrupt contraction. Moreover, we measured, on the reservoir axis, the first normal stress difference and the elongation rates in critical flows conditions by flow birefringence and laser-doppler velocimetry, respectively. Finite elements simulations using a viscoelastic model were performed to calculate elongational stresses around the contraction for critical flow conditions relative to the instability onset
Combeaud, Christelle. "Etude des instabilités volumiques en extrusion de polystyrène et polypropylène." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00413026.
Full textGuyomard, Philippe. "Étude de faisabilité d'un extrudeur bivis en pressage-extrusion de graines oléoprotéagineuses." Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD753.
Full textRabhi, Faleh. "Études rhéologiques, numériques et expérimentales appliquées à l’extrusion de tubes thermoplastiques multicouches." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UBFCD007.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is, first of all, to establish rheological models allowing the simulation of thermoplastic tubes, mono- or multilayer, during their phase of extrusion in the molten state. The study of the behavior of the polymer shaping during the extrusion step according to the type of screw, the heating parameters, the design of the extrusion heads and the distributors will be compared between experimental results and simulations. In particular, the influence of the various extrusion parameters on the adhesion of the layers in the context of multilayer pipes, or on the control and stability of the process will be examined. In a second step, the study will focus on the simulation of the parameters influencing the shaping of the product. The establishment of laws of behavior during the passage of the matter from the molten state to the solid state will be a prerequisite. Then, the various parameters that may have an influence on the shaping of a product (cooling, forming parameters, air temperatures, extrusion speed) will be the subject of specific studies. The purpose of this work is to be able to recommend, for a defined type of material: the type of screw, extrusion head as well as the optimal parameters of transformation as a whole (machine / material pair) by using an approach combining numerical simulation and experimental results
Loor, Agnès de. "Influence de la réticulation d'une phase élastomère (copolymères éthylène-acétate de vinyle et éthylène-acrylate de méthyle) dispersée dans une matrice polypropylène, sur l'évolution de la morphologie au cours d'une opération d'extrusion." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10297.
Full textBoissonnat, Philippe. "Étude paramétrique et modélisation des écoulements de la matière par analyse de la distribution des temps de séjour dans trois cuiseurs-extrudeurs bi-vis." Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD283.
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