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Journal articles on the topic 'Fabric consumption'
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1
Abdessalem, Saber Ben, Youssef Ben Abdelkader, Sofiene Mokhtar, and Saber Elmarzougui. "Influence of Elastane Consumption on Plated Plain Knitted Fabric Characteristics." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 4, no. 4 (December 2009): 155892500900400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892500900400411.
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The requirements in terms of wearing comfort with sportswear underwear and outerwear are widely linked to the use of elastane fibers. Today, elastomeric plated jersey fabric is one of the most common fabrics produced with large-diameter circular knitting machine (LCKM). However, the relation between elastane proportion and fabric characteristics has not been enough studied in literature and knitters generally use experience during machines adjustments in to order reach needed fabric characteristics. The aim of this paper was to investigate the relation between Lycra® consumption and fabric dimensional and elastic behavior. The obtained results showed that Lycra® proportion inside fabric has an incidence on fabric width, weight and elasticity. The origin of this behaviour has been discussed.
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Zhou, Li Ming, and Yu Gao Zhang. "Cotton Woven Fabric with Less Energy Consumption during Home Laundry." Advanced Materials Research 441 (January 2012): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.441.619.
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Cotton woven fabrics were treated with resin and hydrophobic agent for reducing the water retention value and improving the drying speed. The relationship among resin dosage, water retention value and drying speed were studied. The different fabrication methods of hydrophobic cottons were emphasized. When incorporating part of hydrophobic cottons in the fabric, the water retention value and drying speed of the fabric can be further improved, while the wearing comfort of the cotton fabrics can remain. By these treatments, the cotton apparels can be more easily washed and dehydrated and will consume less energy during home laundry and drying.
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VILUMSONE-NEMES, INETA, and DANA BELAKOVA. "Reduction of material consumption for garments from checked fabrics." Industria Textila 71, no. 03 (June 28, 2020): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.071.03.1667.
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The use of CAD/CAM systems have greatly optimized material utilization of garment styles from plain fabrics. Processing of intricate pattern materials is still work and material consuming. Increased material consumption is obtained because of two reasons: necessity to match pattern on ready garments and unfixed textile material structure. The fabric loss related to the pattern matching necessity is the most difficult to reduce. A style of classical women jacket was tested to compare efficiency of plain and checked fabric markers for sizes 36 – 54. It was determined that marker length is dependent on the conformity of the size of the checked fabric repeat and the length of the longest components placed in a sectioned marker. Reducing the length of the style slightly it was possible to reduce marker length considerably for certain size markers. Marker length, fabric consumption and, with it, product costs can be reduced conforming the length of the style to the size of the checked fabric repeat. Length tolerance – acceptable slight variations of the length of the style which does not change design and visual perception of the style should be determined by designers. Specialized software could be developed to vary the length of the style in the interval of length tolerance to reduce fabric consumption and with it product costs of certain production orders. Improving manufacturing efficiency and reducing fabric use, the styles from checked materials could be included in garment collections more often.
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Kalkanci, Mihriban. "Investigation into Fabric Spirality in Various Knitted Fabrics and Its Effect on Efficiency in Apparel Manufacturing." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 27, no. 1(133) (February 28, 2019): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7509.
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The present study aimed to comparatively determine fabric spirality in single jersey knitted fabrics manufactured from different fibers and fiber blends under the same conditions as well as its effect on the efficiency of apparel manufacturing. To that end, the fabric spirality was studied for 18 different fabrics manufactured from nine different fiber blends (100% Organic Cotton, 100% Cotton, 100% Viscose, 100% Modal, 95% Viscose-5% PES, 50% Cotton-50% Viscose, 50% Modal-50% Organic Cotton, 70% Viscose-30% PES, 80% Viscose-20% PES) at 2 different knitting densities. In order to determine the effect of fabric spirality on the marker plan, a t-shirt model was selected and a total of 8 different fabric marker plans were prepared in 2 different assortments and at 3 different spirality rates. Finally fabric efficiency and the effect of spirality on unit fabric consumption were investigated for all fabric marker plans. In the end, the greatest spirality was observed for 100% viscose fabrics. It was also determined that as the fabric spirality increases (5%, 7% and 10%), CAD efficiency decreases by rates of 2.4%, 3.68% and 5.25%, respectively, in comparison with the marker plan for the fabric not exhibiting spirality.
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Jabbar, Abdul, Shakeel Ahmed, Tanveer Hussain, Noman Haleem, and Faheem Ahmed. "Statistical Model for Predicting Compressed Air Consumption on Air-Jet Looms." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 9, no. 3 (September 2014): 155892501400900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501400900306.
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Compressed air is a major component of energy costs incurred in the weaving of textile fabrics on air-jet looms. The consumption of compressed air in air-jet weaving depends on different process variables. In this study, the effect of weft yarn count, reed count, fabric width and loom speed on the compressed air consumption of air-jet loom was determined using response surface methodology. Fabric width was found to be the most dominant factor affecting the air consumption followed by loom speed, reed count, and weft yarn count respectively. A statistical model for predicting the compressed air consumption on air-jet loom was developed. The prediction ability and accuracy of the developed model was assessed by the fitted line plot between the predicted and actual air consumption values. The prediction model may be used for optimizing the production planning, estimating the share of compressed air cost in weaving a particular fabric style, and in identifying any air wastages in the weaving shed by comparing the actual compressed air consumption with that predicted by the model which was developed under controlled conditions without any air leakages.
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Hamada, Kengo, Tsuyoshi Ochiai, Yasuyuki Tsuchida, Kyohei Miyano, Yosuke Ishikawa, Toshinari Nagura, and Noritaka Kimura. "Eco-Friendly Cotton/Linen Fabric Treatment Using Aqueous Ozone and Ultraviolet Photolysis." Catalysts 10, no. 11 (November 2, 2020): 1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10111265.
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Chemicals for the scouring and bleaching of fabrics have a high environmental load. In addition, in recent years, the high consumption of these products has become a problem in the manufacture of natural fabric products. Therefore, environmentally friendly, low-waste processes for fabric treatment are required. In this paper, we discuss the bleaching of fabrics using advanced oxidation processes (AOP). These processes use electrochemically generated aqueous ozone and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation to achieve bleaching. However, colour reversion often occurs. In this study, we suppressed unwanted colour reversion by treatment with rongalite. After treatment, changes in fabric colour were determined by measuring the colour difference and reflectance spectra. The best bleaching effect was obtained when ozone and UV irradiation treatments were combined, achieving results similar to those of a conventional bleaching method after 60 min of UV irradiation. In addition, the AOP treatment resulted in the simultaneous scouring of the fabric, as shown by the increased hydrophilicity of the fabric after AOP treatment. Thus, this AOP process represents a new fabric bleaching process that has an extremely low environmental impact.
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Kim, Shinyoung, Ji-Hyun Oh, and Chung Hee Park. "Development of Energy-Efficient Superhydrophobic Polypropylene Fabric by Oxygen Plasma Etching and Thermal Aging." Polymers 12, no. 11 (November 23, 2020): 2756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112756.
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This study developed a human-friendly energy-efficient superhydrophobic polypropylene (PP) fabric by oxygen plasma etching and short-term thermal aging without additional chemicals. The effect of the microroughness on the superhydrophobicity was examined by adjusting the weave density. After the PP fabric was treated with oxygen plasma etching for 15 min and thermal aging at 120 °C for 1 h (E15H120 1 h), the static contact and shedding angles were 162.7° ± 2.4° and 5.2° ± 0.7° and the energy consumption was 136.4 ± 7.0 Wh. Oxygen plasma etching for 15 min and thermal aging at 120 °C for 24 h (E15H120 24 h) resulted in a static contact and shedding angle of 180.0° ± 0.0° and 1.8° ± 0.2° and energy consumption of 3628.5 ± 82.6 Wh. E15H120 1 h showed a lower shedding angle but had a higher sliding angle of 90°. E15H120 24 h exhibited shedding and sliding angles of less than 10°. Regardless of the thermal aging time, superhydrophobicity was higher in high-density fabrics than in low-density fabrics. The superhydrophobic PP fabric had a similar water vapor transmission rate and air permeability with the untreated PP fabric, and it showed a self-heading property after washing followed by tumble drying and hot pressing.
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Yasin, Sohail, Nemeshwaree Behary, Anne Perwuelz, Jin Ping Guan, and Guo Qiang Chen. "Degradation Kinetics of Organophosphorus Flame Retardant from Cotton Fabric." Applied Mechanics and Materials 864 (April 2017): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.864.54.
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The organophosphorus compound N-methylol dimethyl phosphonopropionamide (MDPA) is extensively used for durable flame retardant (FR) treatments for cotton fabrics. For optimum finishing treatment, MDPA is used with the Trimethylol melamine (TMM) or dimethylol dihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU) for cotton fabric treatments. The amino resins TMM known to pose severe toxic problems such as; breathing problems, headache and most importantly, cancer. In the production, consumption and eventually in the disposal phase of FR with TMM treated cotton fabrics, the release of TMM and toxic emissions cannot be ignored. In this study, mineralization and degradation of the organophosphorus FR compound from the cotton fabric using Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) was successfully employed. The kinetics of degradation of FR substance from the cotton fabric was studied. The rate of degradation of the FR substance from the cotton fabrics was observed with chemical oxygen demand (COD). The kinetic rate constant equations and characterization of the mineralization and degradation of the FR substance by the AOP reaction was developed with the COD values. The organophosphorus FR on the fabric found to follow the first-order of kinetics of degradation from the cotton fabric.
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Lou, Ching Wen, Ching Wen Lin, Chia Chang Lin, S. J. Li, I. J. Tsai, and Jia Horng Lin. "The Effects of Thermal Consolidation Methods on PET Nonwoven Composites for Thermal Insulation Use." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.405.
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As available energy sources have grown increasingly scarce, people have started paying attention to their energy consumption. Although many methods for power generation are being actively investigated, efficient methods for solving energy problems must be based on reducing energy consumption. Thermal insulation can decrease heat energy loss and conserve energy waste, especially in the construction, transportation and industrial fields. In this study, polyester (PET) hollow fibers were blended with various ratios of low-melting-point PET fibers (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%). The fibers were blended using opening, carding, laying and needle punching (150 needles/cm2, 225 needles/cm2 and 300 needles/cm2) to prepare PET nonwoven fabrics. The PET nonwoven fabrics were thermally plate pressed (TPP) and air-through bonding (ATB). Thermal conductivity, physical properties and air permeability were investigated to identify the influence of manufacturing parameters on the PET nonwoven fabrics. The experimental results show that needle punching density, TPP and ATB would influence the thermal conductivity of PET nonwoven fabric, because the structure of PET nonwoven fabric was changed. The optimal parameters of PET nonwoven fabric clipped with an aluminum foil was used to evaluate the influence of aluminum foil on thermal conductivity. The PET nonwoven composite in this study can be used in industrial thermal insulation applications.
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Zhang, Huanxia, Wen Wu, Jie Zhou, Xinchao Zhang, Tantan Zhu, and Mingqiong Tong. "Magnetic field-induced self-assembly of chemically modified graphene oxide on cellulose fabrics for the fabrication of flexible conductive devices." Cellulose 28, no. 4 (January 6, 2021): 2303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03653-1.
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AbstractIn this present study, we have successfully fabricated the cellulose fabric with excellent electrical conductivity by depositing the graphene oxide grafted with the modified ferroferric oxide (GOF) upon fabric substrate via layer-by-layer magnetic-field-induced self-assembly apporoach and followed by chemical reduction. The results indicated that the morphologies of graphene oxide nanosheets for three-layer deposited fabrics could form the highly oriented wrinkled structures, which resulted from the synergistic interactions of magnetic induction force on magnetic doublet, hydrogen bonds and van der Waals. The volume resistivity of the three-layer deposited fabric could reach to 64.8 Ω cm compared with that of pure RGO-coated viscose fabrics (137.94 Ω cm) in the previous work, which could be favorable for improving the electrical conductivity and decreasing the graphene oxide consumption. Furthermore, the three-layer deposited fabric possessed excellent washing durability even after twelve times water laundering. Our results suggested that the flexible GOF-coated fabric had great potential in conductive devices for wearable electronics, strain sensors, smart actuators and bioelectrodes and so on.
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Xiang, Wei, Qiong Ying Quan, Jian Ding, and Ke Cheng Li. "Study on Mulberry Silk Degumming Process with Cold-Pad-Batch Using Tea Sapogenin." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 909–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.909.
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The cold-pad-batch technology is applied mainly in the pretreatment and dyeing of cellulosic fabrics and shows lots of advantages such as technique simplicity, low energy consumption and reduced sewage emission especially for productions of multi item and short run. The degumming process of mulberry silk fabrics with “cold-pad-batch” method using tea sapogenin was studied in this paper. The effects of a few factors such as concentration of tea sapogenin, NaOH and Na2S2O4 as well as time on the whiteness and weight loss of fabric obtained: NaOH 8g/L, tea sapogenin 6g/L, Na2S2O4 5g/L, Lamepon A 2g/L, JFC 1g/L, Na2SiO3 2g/L and batching time 18h. After degumming with “cold-pad-batch” process, the whiteness and weight loss of mulberry silk fabrics were 69.3 and 22.8%, respectively. The handle of fabric was soft. Compared with traditional soap soda boiling degumming process, the properties of mulberry silk fabrics degummed with “cold-pad-batch” method using tea sapogenin can meet the requirement of weight loss, whiteness, strength and show some benefits such as low energy consumption and water saving and low toxicity. The energy consumption will be 25% lower than that of soap soda boiling degumming process.
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Mariem, Brahem, Messaoudi Wissal, Khedher Faouzi, Jaouachi Boubaker, and Dominique Adolphe. "A Study of the Consumption of Sewing Threads for Women's Underwear: Bras and Panties." Autex Research Journal 20, no. 3 (September 18, 2020): 299–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aut-2019-0032.
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AbstractThe article evaluates the amount of the consumed sewing thread for women's underwear (underwear bras and panties). Based on the obtained findings, it was concluded that sewing thread amount depends enormously on the studied influential parameters. The present paper reports a contribution that allows industries and researchers to decrease the consumed amounts of sewing thread in case of women's underwear and panties The study takes into account the different stitch structures and fabric characteristics that are usually used. The effects of influential input parameters, such as fabric thickness, number of assembled layers, stitch density, and tension of the thread, are investigated. Useful models have been found and can be used by industries to accuracy predict the thread consumption for women's underwear and panties to launch the needed thread commands. The developed models use multiregressive method. In this study, the fabrics that have been considered are knitted fabrics because they are those used in women's underwear. We found that women's underwear bras consume more sewing threads than panties. Using linear regression method, good relationships (coefficients of correlation close to 1) between consumption behaviors and the investigated parameters such as fabric thickness, number of assembled layers, stitch number per centimeter, sizes and tension of threads, were found. Although, the increase of threads tension to sew female underwear decreases the consumed amount of threads, the increase of other studied parameters widely encourages the consumption values, especially for seams based on chain-stitch types.
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Naveed, Tayyab, Yueqi Zhong, Yu Zhicai, Muhammad Awais Naeem, Lu Kai, Xie Haoyang, Amjad Farooq, and Zamir Ahmed Abro. "Influence of Woven Fabric Width and Human Body Types on the Fabric Efficiencies in the Apparel Manufacturing." Autex Research Journal 20, no. 4 (November 19, 2020): 484–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aut-2019-0044.
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AbstractIn the apparel manufacturing, the fabric is the single largest element in the cost of the garment. Therefore, effectual fabric consumption causes a reduction in cost and exertions. The purpose of this research is to study the effects of fabric width on the efficiency of marker (cutting) plans. Fabric consumption is in four types for human body shapes, that is, triangle, oval, square, and circle, in both genders to control the fabric utilization. Two clothing styles, fitted trousers and fitted shirts, are manufactured in an apparel manufacturing industry. The marker plans produced through Garment Gerber Technology software are accomplished in 36 different fabric widths (independent variables). The evaluation of dependent variables, that is, marker efficiency, marker loss, and fabric consumption efficiency relevant to four body shapes in variable fabric widths is analyzed for both women and men. The statistical analysis indicates that there is a linear relationship between marker efficiency and fabric width (sig <0.05). The regression analysis (p-value) between dependent variables and predictor variables (body types and fabric width) is also statistically significant. Also, the result implies that markers are more productive with larger fabric widths in all styles in both genders.
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AMORIM, ALEXANDRA M., MARCELO D. G. GASQUES, JÜRGEN ANDREAUS, and MAURO SCHARF. "The application of catalase for the elimination of hydrogen peroxide residues after bleaching of cotton fabrics." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 74, no. 3 (September 2002): 433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652002000300006.
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Results of dyeing of cotton fabrics with a bifunctional reactive dye were significantly improved when the fabric after bleaching with hydrogen peroxide was treated with catalase for the elimination of hydrogen peroxide residues from the fabrics. Compared to processes with a varying number of washing steps, with and without commercial reducing agents, the consumption of water could be significantly reduced, without altering the final color shade.
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Naveed, Tayyab, Azmat Hussain, Aijaz Ahmed Babar, Awais Naeem, Hassan Mussana, Wang Xin, Li Duan, and Yueqi Zhong. "A Comparative Study on Fabric Efficiencies for Different Human Body Shapes in the Apparel Industry." Autex Research Journal 19, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 104–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2018-0027.
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Abstract In the apparel manufacturing, fabric utilization always remains the significant apprehensions in controlling the production expenditure. Alteration in pattern shapes and marker preparation leads to the enormous utilization of fabric. The purpose of this research is to study fabric efficiency in correspondence with four different human body shapes in both genders. Two clothing styles, fitted trousers and fitted shirts, were processed conventionally in the garment manufacturing company. The comparative study of auto-marker and manual-marker making through Garment Gerber Technology (GGT) software were also accomplished. The evaluation of fabric consumptions, marker efficiency, marker loss, fabric loss, and fabric cost relevant to four different body shapes was analyzed for both women and men. The investigation carried out in this article concludes that there are differences in fabric consumptions, efficiencies, and cost-effectiveness relative to body shapes. The result revealed that the manualmarker of trousers for triangular body shape in women’s wears has the least fabric consumption (most cost-effective), whereas the shirt’s auto-marker for an oval body shape in men’s wears has the most fabric utilization (least costeffective). The manual-virtual-marker making is efficient (significant p-value) than auto-generated-markers. Also, fabric utilization for women’s garments is cost-effective than that for men. Trousers are cost-effective compared to the shirts.
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MIHRIBAN, KALKANCI, and ÖZER İHSAN. "Developing a software calculating fabric consumption of various bathrobe models." Industria Textila 69, no. 05 (November 1, 2018): 406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.069.05.1550.
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Considering the customer requests and speed in the textile sector, very fast and accurate pricing should be done when the customers ask for very urgent prices for different styles. Customers often ask for sample pricing from apparel manufacturers. In this case, the garment manufacturer has to move quickly and accurately in determining the unit consumption of the garment. It is very important to know the correct fabric cost in pricing the garment to be produced. In general, the cost of fabric in garments accounts for 60–70% of the total cost. Manufacturers take risks when pricing the garment with the approximate fabric consumption. Fabric consumption tolerance can be taken higher to be a benefit, but then the order may not be placed by the customer due to high price. In CAD systems, calculation of fabric consumption can not be done easily. In this research, the software has been developed to calculate the unit usage of a garment quickly. Bathrobemodels were selected as a material and the data of a factory that produces bathrobe was used. The results of the program, which is developed with the software, are compared with the experimental figures. As a result, it was possible to determine fabric consumption with a reliability of 98.2% in a very short time by using the developed system (R2 > 0.982).
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HATAMLOU, MEHDI, ARIF TANER ÖZGÜNEY, NILGÜN ÖZDİL, and GAMZE SÜPÜREN MENGÜÇ. "Performance of recycled PET and conventional PES fibers in case of watertransport properties." Industria Textila 71, no. 06 (December 10, 2020): 538–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.071.06.1691.
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In recent years the researches on liquid moisture transport properties of fabrics have great importance. Especially forthe sport garments, fabric structure should led liquid moisture to transfer from skin surface to the outer layers. Specialfibers and fabric structures were designed including channelled fibers and micro fiber productions to contribute highercapillary transport capability to the textile surface. Polyester fibers are used for this purpose frequently. Due to theincrease in the demand of sustainable textiles, production and consumption of recycled polyester fibers are increasingrecently. They are expected to have adequate mechanical properties to fulfil requirements. In this study, liquid moisturetransfer properties of the polyester and r-PET fabrics were investigated. For this purpose, knitted fabrics produced from100% polyester and 100% r-PET yarns were used. Dynamic liquid transport properties, capillary transfer property, dryingrate and water absorption capacity of these surfaces were measured. According to the results, it was concluded thatboth fabrics were identified as “good” by using “Moisture Management Tester”, in case of liquid moisture transferproperties. No significant difference was determined between water vapour permeability values. Static immersion test ishelpful in order to determine wettability for the identification of sensitive differences and as a conventional method,vertical wicking test is a good indicator while distinguishing capillarity differences. It was found that r-PET fabric hasbetter results than PES fabric, in case of absorption rate, wettability, drying rate and capillarity.
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Allaniyazov, Gulom, Kurbonali Kholikov, Gulfiya Gulyaeva, Nuriddin Musaev, and Mirabzal Mukimov. "Study of technological parameters and material consumption of two-layer knitted fabric." E3S Web of Conferences 304 (2021): 03037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130403037.
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This article presents the results of a study of technological parameters and material consumption of new structures of two-layer knitted fabric. To study the technological parameters of new variants of two-layer knitted fabric on a Long Xing 252 SC flat-fanged machine, five variants of two-layer knitted fabric were developed, which differed from each other in the weave structure.
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Gandhi, Sanjeev, and Steven M. Spivak. "A Survey of Upholstered Furniture Fabrics and Implications for Furniture Flammability." Journal of Fire Sciences 12, no. 3 (May 1994): 284–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073490419401200305.
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Upholstery fabric and padding material play an important role in upholstered furniture flammability. As market preferences for upholstery fibers and fabrics change, there are significant implications for fire safety. Fiber consumption data and fabric surveys show an increasing usage of cotton fibers in upholstery, leading to higher ignition propensity. Of particular impor tance are the cotton fiber's alkali metal ion content, and heavier weight fabric constructions, in determining the susceptibility for smoldering ignition due to smoking materials. To realize the goal of fire-resistant upholstered furniture, while still satisfying consumer preferences for fiber, style and design, the criti cal trends and controlling factors in upholstery flammability are emphasized. A review of regulatory approaches to redress the problem is also included, in view of recent petitions by the fire marshals (NASFM) calling for mandatory Federal standards.
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Qian, Xiuyang, Yushan Zhou, Liya Cai, Feng Pei, and Xu Li. "Computational simulation of the ballistic impact of fabrics using hybrid shell element." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 15 (January 2020): 155892502097354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925020973542.
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This paper investigates on a computational simulation of Twaron® fabric against ballistic impact. It proposed a hybrid shell element model considering the strain-rate-sensitive failure criterion. This model innovatively provided a resolution of the yarn level to better capture the unique properties of the woven fabric, such as yarn crimp, sliding contact between yarns, stress transmission on yarns and yarn broken. The fabric is modeled using a hybrid shell element analysis approach aim of reducing the complexity and computational expense while ensuring accuracy. The response characteristics of fabric under high velocity ballistic impact are studied by applying a 3D finite element program DYNA3D in this paper and the experimental investigation had been taken by Shim et al. According to the computational and experimental results, transverse deflection distribution and stress transmission of fabrics are presented. The ballistic limit, energy absorption, remaining velocity are calculated by simulation models and compared with the experimental results. This approach is also validated by comparing it against a 2D uniform shell model and a 3D interlacing shell model. The results show that the hybrid model can accurately reflect the buckling and fluctuation behavior of fabrics and has a relatively few computational consumption at the same time.
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Głąbowski, Mariusz, Maciej Sobieraj, Maciej Stasiak, and Michał Dominik Stasiak. "Modeling of Clos Switching Structures with Dynamically Variable Number of Active Switches in the Spine Stage." Electronics 9, no. 7 (June 30, 2020): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9071073.
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This article proposes a new analytical model of a switching structure using a Clos network topology. The assumption is that, in the structure under consideration, it is possible to switch off temporarily a certain number of spine switches (those in the middle stage of the switching fabric) depending on the current intensity of the offered traffic to reduce power consumption. The solution presented in the article can be used in present-day multiservice switching fabrics and in networks connecting servers in data centers. The developed analytical model allows the value of blocking probabilities for different stream classes of multiservice traffic to be evaluated in switching structures (switching fabrics) with a variable number of switches in the middle stage. The results obtained on the basis of the analytical model are compared with the results obtained as a result of relevant simulation experiments for a selected structure of the switching fabric. The study confirms high accuracy of the proposed model. This model can be used in further works to evaluate the effectiveness of energy-saving switching fabrics and the networks of data centers, as well as to construct energy-saving control algorithms that would control these switching structures, that is, algorithms that would change the topology of the switching fabric depending on changes in the offered traffic.
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Yeşilpinar, S., and V. Aytaç. "An Approach Aimed at Fabric Consumption in Shirt Production." Textile Research Journal 79, no. 5 (March 2009): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517508090491.
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Matthäi, Paul, Oliver Döbrich, and Chokri Cherif. "Development of a Novel Technology for New Generation of Non-Crimp Fabrics – Manufacturing and Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 1821–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.1821.
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In the field of technical textiles, Non-Crimp Fabrics (NCF) are increasingly used as fibre-reinforced polymers in automotive, aircraft and wind power industry. The rising consumption of multi-axial fabrics for fiber reinforcement requires new fabrics and process requirements for the large scale production. The development of a new type of NCF demands a convergence of diverse disciplines namely mechanics, construction design and chemistry. This research includes the manufacturing of novel adhesive bonded NCF. The characterization and of the warp-knitted fabric, selection of binding technology, the development of suitable application system and numerical models for simulation are the major focus areas.
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Свинцова, Елена, and Elena Svintsova. "The Potential of Linen Duck Fabric for the Modern Design Industry." Services in Russia and abroad 8, no. 1 (January 20, 2014): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2545.
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The article dwells upon the characteristics and behavior of linen, linen duck fabric, the rotation of technical textile consumption, and the application of linen duck fabric in the modern design industry.
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GÂF-DEAC, Ioan I., Emilia VISILEANU, Diana Loreta PĂUN, Cristina Monica VALECA, and Viorel STREZA. "OBTAINING TEXTILE WITH STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONALITIES MODELED AND REFERENCED CLASSIFIED IN THE NONMARKOV NEURAL NETWORKS." TEXTEH Proceedings 2019 (November 5, 2019): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/tt.2019.39.
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In the paper the new original idea is launched that in fact the behavior of the fabric must be examined from the point of view of preserving the quasi-constant "fixed" behavior in the form, the use properties and the content of the use / consumption, respectively in order to ensure a networks of interspaces in the fabric which allow flexibility of the properties and characteristics required by the use. Based on this, systematized sources of evidence are obtained to obtain products with referenced structured and referenced structures and functionalities in non-Markov neural networks. As such, the "empty" spaces in textile fabrics with structures and functionalities modeled and referenced in non-Markovian neural networks are in fact only generically called so because there is an "absolute vacuum".
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Zhang, Jian Hong, and Yu Mei Cui. "A Brief Talk about the Development Prospect of Low-Carbon and Environment-Friendly Fabric." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.171.
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For the people living in the 21st century, whether the clothing and foods are healthy has become one of the hot topics. People are increasingly concerned about the aspects that involve human beings’ physical and mental health, such as low carbon, environmental protection, health and green issues. However, as the consumption subject of the contemporary era, the youngsters born in the 1980s and 1990s have higher requirements for the life styles and the low carbon and environment-friendly living and consumption concepts seem to better cater to their consumption views. Being one of the objects that are most closely related to people's health, clothing is badly related to people's health and environment. The paper will combine the writer's cognition about the low-carbon environment-friendly fabric and the strengths of such fabric and the contemporary consumers' consumption views to make a systematic elaboration about the development prospect of low-carbon and environment-friendly fabric.
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Li, Wenbin, Weilin Xu, and Xin Wang. "Dynamic thermal transfer of textiles in rotational motions." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 30, no. 4 (August 6, 2018): 577–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-10-2017-0164.
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Purpose Clothing is subject to a dynamic thermal transport process in its routine service in which the apparel and human body together with environment interact with each other. Understanding of the thermal transfer in this case should take the variations of human body and environment together with clothing attributes into consideration. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Based on the purpose-built dynamic thermal and moisture tester, this study focuses on the thermal transfer of fabrics in different rotational motions. The energy consumption and power of the simulated human skin, the temperature and the thermal retention rate were monitored in the process of rotation of the testing platform with gradually increased rotating speed. Findings It has been found that the thermal transfer of a rotating fabric is greatly affected by the rotating speed, the angle of the fabric toward the moving direction and the attributes of the fabric such as its thickness, layers, structure and its fiber composition. Practical implications This study will benefit the understanding of the dynamic thermal interaction of human with the environment, and the designing of clothing with excellent thermal comfort. Originality/value This work reveals the dynamic thermal transfer of fabrics in rotational motions. It provides a platform to study the dynamic thermal behavior of clothing in daily use.
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Pawar, Ashitosh B., Kaustubh C. Patankar, Pallavi Madiwale, and Ravindra Adivarekar. "Application of chemically modified waste Allium cepa skin for one bath dyeing of polyester/wool blend fabric." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 6 (November 4, 2019): 493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-11-2018-0118.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the one bath dyeing method for polyester/wool (PES/Wo) blend fabric with two different semi-synthetic azo dyes developed by chemically modifying the outer skin of Allium cepa. Design/Methodology/Approach Chemical modification is the most heartening way to impart improved properties to natural sources. Two different primary amines were coupled with the Allium cepa skin extract by a diazo coupling reaction. Synthesised dyes were characterized for their percentage yield, solubility tests, melting point, particle size analysis as well as FTIR spectroscopy and UV-Visible analysis. One bath dyeing methodology was used for application of synthesized dyes on PES/Wo blend fabric. Dyeing was performed at boil without any additional auxiliary and further percentage dye exhaustion was evaluated. Findings Dyeing yielded solid shade on PES/Wo blend fabric with satisfactory levelness in dyeing. The efficacy of synthesized dyes for dyeing of PES/Wo fabric was studied by wash, rub, light and sublimation fastness properties, which are in good agreement with commercial requirements. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized dyes shows excellent activity in dye powder form (AATCC 147 test method) as well as on dyed fabrics (AATCC 100 test method). Originality/Value Present research work is a first successful attempt to dye PES/Wo blend fabric with semi-synthetic azo dyes in single bath at boil. Such approach facilitates minimum consumption of energy, cost and time.
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ERTEK AVCI, Münevver, Esin SARIOĞLU, and Gizem KARAKAN GÜNAYDIN. "THE TEARING STRENGTH ANALYSIS OFDENIM FABRICS WITH DIFFERENT WEFT YARN TYPE AND WEFT YARN LAYOUT." TEXTEH Proceedings 2019 (November 5, 2019): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/tt.2019.27.
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Denim fabrics which are highly demanded products among the world have high consumption rate in the textile market. Those fabrics may be utilized for different purposes. Durability, elasticity, wearing resistance are the important expected properties from denim fabrics. Tearing resistance of denim fabrics in use is another parameter that should be considered. This study includes the investigation of tearing properties of denim fabrics produced from single core (Polyethylene terephthalate/Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PET/PTT) bicomponent filament and elastane) and dual core (PET/PTT+elastane feeding simultaneously) spun yarns utilized as weft yarns. Denim fabrics with different layout of these weft yarns with uncovered PET/PTT bicomponent filament were produced in order to compare the tearing strength properties in warp and weft wise. Results revealed that highest tearing strength of weft wise was obtained from denim fabrics at 2F:2CY layout where two uncovered PET/PTT bicomponent filament and two PET/PTT bicomponent filament+elastane dual core-spun yarn were used consecutively in the layouts. The lowest tearing strength was found among the denim fabrics at 1F:6CY layout where one uncovered PET/PTT bicomponent filament and six PET/PTT bicomponent filament+elastane dual core-spun yarns were used consecutively in the layouts. According to statistical evaluation; Weft yarn type, weft yarn layout and their interaction in the fabric were found to having significant effects on tearing strength for both warp and weft direction of denim fabric at significance level of 0.05.
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Boileau, Marie-Claude, and James Whitley. "Patterns of Production and Consumption of Coarse to Semi-Fine Pottery at Early Iron Age Knossos." Annual of the British School at Athens 105 (November 2010): 225–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s006824540000040x.
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This paper presents the results of a large-scale petrological study of Early Iron Age (twelfth-seventh centuries bc) coarse wares from north-central Crete. 210 samples were taken for analysis from six locations at Knossos, representing distinct funerary, domestic, and ritual contexts. The pottery selected represents coarse to semi-fine fabrics and a variety of vessel types and sizes. The bulk (188) of the samples can be divided into seven fabric groups, with 22 loners or pairs. Four of the seven fabric groups exhibit a mineralogy that is consistent with local geology. The functional ceramic range is clearly reflected in the methods of clay preparation: coarse wares, cooking pot wares and fine wares have distinct clay paste technology. Three of the fabric groups, however, appear to be non-local, twelve samples coming from elsewhere in Crete, and twenty-three from elsewhere in the Aegean. Fabric groups 4 and 7 seem to represent a rather specialized local taste for exotic (possibly Cycladic) wares, used primarily for cooking. Overall the picture is one of considerable continuity in patterns of production and consumption from the Bronze Age. The introduction of the red micaceous wares (especially fabric 4) however coincides with a number of other signs of greater external contact in Knossos during the latter part of the ninth century BC. These innovations appear to be related, even if debate continues as to their significance.To άρθρο Παρουσιάςει τα αποτελέσματα μιας μεγάλης κλίμακας πετρολογικής μελέτης της χονσροεισούς κεραμεικής της Πρώιμης Eποχής του Σισήρου (12ος- 7ος αι. π.X.) από την βόρεια κεντρική Kρήτη. 210 σείγματα πάρθηκαν για ανάλυση από έξι θέσεις στην Kνωσό, οι οποίες αντιπροσωπεύουν σιακριτά ταφικά, οικιακά και τελετουργικά σύνολα. H επιλεγμένη κεραμεική αντιπροσωπεύει χονσροεισή και μεσαίας ποιότητας αγγεία ποικίλων σχημάτων και σιαστάσεων. O κύριος όγκος (188) των σειγμάτων μπορεί να σιαιρεθεί σε επτά ομάσες σύστασης πηλού, με 22 σείγματα να αποτελούν μονασικές περιπτώςεις ή ςεύγη. Tέσσερις από τις επτά ομάσες εμφανίςουν ορυκτολογία ςύμφωνη με την τοπική γεωλογία. H ποικιλία της χρηστικής κεραμεικής αντανακλάται καθαρά στις μεθόσους προετοιμαςίας του πηλού: χονσροεισή αγγεία, μαγειρικά αγγεία και λεπτότεχνα αγγεία σείχνουν σιακριτή τεχνολογία πρόςμειξης πηλού. Tρεις από τις ομάσες ςύστασης πηλού παρ' όλα αυτά φαίνεται να μην είναι εγχώριες – σώσεκα σείγματα προέρχονται από άλλες περιοχές της Kρήτης, και 23 από άλλες περιοχές του Aιγαίου. Oι ομάσες 4 και 7 φαίνεται να αντιπροςωπεύουν μια ισιαίτερα εξεισικευμενη τοπική προτίμηση για εξωτικά (ενσεχομένως Kυκλασικά) αγγεία, τα οποία χρησιμοποιούνταν κυρίως για μαγειρική. Γενικά έχουμε μια εικόνα σημαντικής συνοχής και συνέχειας στις μαρφές παραγωγής και κατανάλωσης από την Eποχή του Xαλκού στην Eποχή του Σισήρου. H εμφάνιση και εισαγωγή αγγείων κοκκινωπού πηλού με μαρμαρυγία (εισικά η ομάσα 4) (συμπίπτει με έναν αριθμό άλλων στοιχείων που σείχνουν εκτενέστερες εξωτερικές επαφές της Kνωσού κατά τα τελευταία χρόνια του 9ου αιώνα π.X. Aυτές οικαινοτομίες φαίνεται να συσχετίςονται, αν και η συςήτηση αναφορικά με τη σημασία τους συνεχίςεται.
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Qian, Miao, Jinghan Wang, Zhong Xiang, Zhewei Zhao, and Xudong Hu. "Heat and moisture transfer performance of thin cotton fabric under impingement drying." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 15 (October 25, 2018): 3089–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518807446.
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To investigate the drying characteristics of thin cotton fabric for reducing the energy consumption during the heat setting process, a two-dimensional heat and moisture transfer model considering lateral heat and moisture transmission under the impingement drying condition was developed in this study. The curves of the variation in fabric temperature and moisture content over time were obtained and the results indicate that the drying rate increases with the decrease in the moisture content in the fabric. In addition, non-uniform distributions of temperature and moisture on the fabric over time were obtained. The drying time per unit area on the fabric was found to increase with time. Further, experiments were conducted to test the heat and moisture transfer performance of the fabric, and the experimental results agree reasonably well with the calculations.
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Wei, Yuhui, Zhaowei Su, Huashan Lu, and Xue Mei Ding. "An efficient termination control strategy of air-vented dryer for fabric drying." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 30, no. 3 (June 4, 2018): 412–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-07-2017-0097.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient termination control strategy of air-vented dryer in term of energy saving, improving smoothness and reducing microscopic damage of fiber. Design/methodology/approach A simple, low cost termination control strategy is developed by testing the instantaneous humidity of exhaust air and then deducing the drying degree of fabric in process. The practicability evaluation of this novel strategy was investigated by using both experimental and mathematical approaches. The effect of termination control strategy on drying efficiency and fabric apparent properties were also discussed. Findings Termination control strategy significantly affects drying time, energy consumption, smoothness and microscopic of fiber. Specially, a novel termination control strategy that the combination of equilibrium moisture content of fabric in ambient environment and relative humidity of exhaust air in exhaust duct is workable and can save 25.2 percent of energy consumption, 26.7 percent of the drying time and improve 0.7 grade of the appearance smoothness, as well as significantly reduce the microscopic damage of fiber compare to the original control strategy of dryer. This indicates possible ways to minimize drying energy consumption and dryer damage by reducing unnecessary migrate out of the water from the clothes. Practical implications The paper is helpful in not only the development of new drying product but also the optimization of appearance smoothness of fabric after drying and reduce the microscopic damage of fiber. Originality/value A novel termination control strategy of dryer is applied to improve drying efficiency of dryer and reduce fabric damage.
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Abdessalem, Saber Ben, Salem Ben Mansour, and Helmi Khelif. "Influence of Delayed Timing on Knitted Fabric Characteristics." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 7, no. 4 (December 2012): 155892501200700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501200700401.
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Delayed timing is a complex adjustment of large-diameter circular knitting machine (LCKM). It corresponds to the delay between cylinder and dial needles knock-over. It is generally not well-known by machines users and its impact on fabric properties has not been enough studied in literature. Knitters generally use experience during delayed timing adjustment in order reach needed fabric characteristics. The aim of this paper was to investigate the relation between delayed timing intensity and yarn tension, yarn consumption, fabric weight as well as loop length and shape. The obtained results showed that delayed timing has an incidence on fabric weight and loop shape especially at fabric back side. The origin of this influence has been discussed and related to needles feeding mechanisms.
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Zhao, Xue. "Research on microwave pad dyeing process for wool fabric." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 21, no. 4 (December 4, 2017): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-03-2017-0008.
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Purpose This paper aims to study microwave pad dyeing process for wool fabric. Influences of various dyeing process conditions including galactomannan dosage, urea dosage, sodium bisulphite dosage, pH value, microwave irradiation power, treating time and cold batching time before microwave fixation on K/S values were analysed. The colour yield, fixation and levelness were compared between microwave fixation and cold batching fixation. Design/methodology/approach Colour yield (K/S values) was calculated using a Datacolor SF650 colour measuring and matching instrument (10° standard observer, CIE D65 light source Measuring; Datacolor, USA) and was used to determine the depth of the shade of dyed wool fabrics. Levelness of dyeing was evaluated also using the Datacolor SF650 colour measuring and matching instrument by measuring average deviation (S), range (P) of the maximum and the minimum for lightness (L), chroma (C) and hue (h), and balanced colour difference (ΔE) at 20 specified uniform locations on the wool fabrics. The colour difference was calculated as per the equation ΔE=(ΔL2+Δa2+Δb2)1/2 as appearing in the Experimental section. Fixation was determined using a Datacolor SF650 colour measuring and matching instrument by measuring ratio the of K/S for wool fabrics that were rinsed, washed, neutralised and then dried, and wool fabrics that were dried after fixation without washing. The pH of the padding solution was evaluated using a PHSJ-4A PH meter (Datacolor, USA). SEM analysis was done on JEOL JSM-5600LV machine (JEOL Ltd, Japan). Findings This study is based on application of microwave technology in the processing of silk. Originality/value It was found in laboratory experiments that uniform dyeing and deeper colour can be achieved throughout the microwave pad dyeing process for wool by using galactomannan. The novel process could reduce the dyeing time and the energy consumption of the traditional cold pad-batch dyeing process for wool fabric.
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Wu, Jin Hui, Tao Tian, Li Mei Hao, Jing Quan Yang, and Zheng Wang. "Performance Research of Positive Pressure Bio-Protection Suit Polyurethane Antibacterial Composite Fabric." Applied Mechanics and Materials 161 (March 2012): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.161.242.
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Objective To study performance of positive pressure bio-protection suit fabric composited with polyurethane antibacterial film on double-sided, and to evaluate the feasibility of developing the positive pressure bio-protection suit with the composite fabric. Methods: Testing such performance as physical, protective, decontamination and antibacterial properties of polyurethane antibacterial composite fabric by standard methods. Results: Physical performance and micro-organisms liquid penetration resistance of the composite fabric have reached related standards requirements, while performances have no significant changes after decontamination testing. And its inhibition rates to gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were so good that could reach 99%. Conclusions: According to testing results, this kind of fabric is suitable for developing positive pressure bio-protection suits by its ideal performance indicators and its upstanding decontamination consumption, antibacterial, flexible and lightweight properties.
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Haji, Aminoddin, Reza Malek, and Firoozmehr Mazaheri. "Comparative study of exhaustion and pad-steam methods for improvement of handle, dye uptake and water absorption of polyester/cotton fabric." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 17, no. 3 (2011): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq101205022h.
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In this study, a pad-steam process for treatment of polyester/cotton fabric with sodium hydroxide is developed and the effects of process parameters on selected properties of the fabric are investigated. The results are compared with the conventional exhaustion process. Both processes improved the handle, dyeability and water absorption of the polyester/cotton fabric but the pad-steam process has the advantage of less strength loss of the fibers, less treatment time, less consumption of water and chemicals that make the process to be less hazardous to the environment.
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Song, Shaojun, Junfeng Jing, Yanqing Huang, and Mingyang Shi. "EfficientDet for fabric defect detection based on edge computing." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 16 (January 2021): 155892502110083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15589250211008346.
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The productivity of textile industry is positively correlated with the efficiency of fabric defect detection. Traditional manual detection methods have gradually been replaced by deep learning algorithms based on cloud computing due to the low accuracy and high cost of manual methods. Nonetheless, these cloud computing-based methods are still suboptimal due to the data transmission latency between the end devices and the cloud. To facilitate defect detection with more efficiency, a low-latency, low power consumption, easy upgrade, and automatical visual inspection system with the help of edge computing are proposed in this work. Firstly, the method uses EfficientDet-D0 as the detection algorithm, integrating the advantages of lightweight and scalable and can suit the resource-constrained edge device. Secondly, we performed data augmentations on five fabric datasets and verified the adaptability of the model in different types of fabrics. Finally, we transplanted the trained model to the edge device NVIDIA Jetson TX2 and optimized the model with TensorRT to make it detection faster. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated in five fabric datasets. The detection speed is up to 22.7 frame per second (FPS) on the edge device Jetson TX2. Compared with the cloud-based method, the response time is reduced by 2.5 times, with the capability of real-time industrial defect detection.
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Abbasi, A. M. Rehan, J. Militky, and J. Gregr. "Heat Generation by Polypyrrole Coated Glass Fabric." Journal of Textiles 2013 (September 24, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/571024.
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Vapor deposition technique was employed to coat polypyrrole (PPy) on glass substrate using FeCl3 as oxidant and p-toluenesulfonic acid (−OTs) as doping agent. The Joule heating effect of PPy coated E-glass fabric was studied by supplying various DC electric fields. The coated fabric exhibited reasonable electrical stability, possessed medium electrical conductivity and was effective in heat generation. An increase in temperature of conductive fabric subjected to constant voltage was observed whereas decrease in power consumption was recorded. Thickness of PPy coating on glass fibers was analyzed by Laser confocal microscope and scanning electron microscope.
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Chuang, Yu-Chun, Limin Bao, Mei-Chen Lin, Ching-Wen Lou, and TingAn Lin. "Mechanical and Static Stab Resistant Properties of Hybrid-Fabric Fibrous Planks: Manufacturing Process of Nonwoven Fabrics Made of Recycled Fibers." Polymers 11, no. 7 (July 3, 2019): 1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11071140.
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With the development of technology, fibers and textiles are no longer exclusive for the use of clothing and decoration. Protective products made of high-strength and high-modulus fibers have been commonly used in different fields. When exceeding the service life, the protective products also need to be replaced. This study proposes a highly efficient recycling and manufacturing design to create more added values for the waste materials. With a premise of minimized damage to fibers, the recycled selvage made of high strength PET fibers are reclaimed to yield high performance staple fibers at a low production cost. A large amount of recycled fibers are made into matrices with an attempt to decrease the consumption of new materials, while the combination of diverse plain woven fabrics reinforces hybrid-fabric fibrous planks. First, with the aid of machines, recycled high strength PET fibers are processed into staple fibers. Using a nonwoven process, low melting point polyester (LMPET) fibers and PET staple fibers are made into PET matrices. Next, the matrices and different woven fabrics are combined in order to form hybrid-fabric fibrous planks. The test results indicate that both of the PET matrices and fibrous planks have good mechanical properties. In particular, the fibrous planks yield diverse stab resistances from nonwoven and woven fabrics, and thus have greater stab performance.
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McGOWAN, ABIGAIL. "Khadi Curtains and Swadeshi Bed Covers: Textiles and the changing possibilities of home in western India, 1900–1960." Modern Asian Studies 50, no. 2 (October 26, 2015): 518–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x14000705.
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AbstractIn examining the remarkable expansion of India's textile production in the late colonial period, many scholars have identified consumption trends as shaping the relative success of mills as opposed to handlooms. That scholarship, however, has focused on only one component of consumption: clothing. This article explores another important area of cloth consumption in western India: non-clothing textiles. Across classes, urban dwellers used curtains and furnishing fabrics to try to improve comfort and create privacy—two qualities in short supply in cities like Bombay and Ahmedabad, where the pressures of rapidly growing populations came into conflict with new sanitary demands to open up houses to light and air. More broadly, non-clothing textiles helped to negotiate the novel conditions of urban life, where people moved regularly, homes were increasingly open to non-kin visitors, men and women shared space in new ways, and elite women were aesthetic arbiters of domestic space. While clothing choices in the late colonial period have often been studied in the context of nationalism, this article argues that nationalism was only one factor among many that shaped the use of household furnishing fabrics; equally, or more importantly, new ideas of ‘home’ led to and were expressed in expanded fabric use in urban western India.
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BHUVANESHWARRI, I., and A. TAMILARASI. "Predicting the fabric width of single jersey cotton knitted fabric using appropriate software." Industria Textila 70, no. 06 (December 12, 2019): 538–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.070.06.1597.
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Prediction of any property of the material has attracted the attention of many scientists all over the world in order to produce better products. Information Technology (IT) field has many applications and plays dominant role in the production of various products in the industry. Knitted fabric should satisfy a number of requirements of consumer. Fabric width is a very important property which affects knitted fabric comfort properties. The deviation from the fabric width will either lead to more consumption of raw material or affect profit of the company. Hence, controlling the width of the fabric has an adverse effect on company’s profit and usage of raw materials. An investigation of the prediction of the width of the single jersey cotton knitted fabric in a fully relaxed state using Data mining technique in Rough set Computational based Priority Prediction Model (RCPPM) is reported. The inputs were yarn count, machine diameter, required GSM, machine gauge, actual yarn count, lea weight, lea strength, twist multiplier, loop length, course per cm, wales per cm, length shrinkage, width shrinkage, and fabric width. The real-time textile dataset consisted of 7,505 single jersey cotton knitted fabric samples. The results showed that the fabric width obtained by using aforesaid model was found to yield very accurate values and compared favourably with the measured ones. This study will lead to the production of the knitted fabric with better comfort and dimensional stability.
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SHABADI, PRASAD, SANKARA NARAYANAN RAJAPANDIAN, SANTOSH KHASANVIS, and CSABA ANDRAS MORITZ. "DESIGN OF SPIN WAVE FUNCTIONS-BASED LOGIC CIRCUITS." SPIN 02, no. 03 (September 2012): 1240006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010324712400061.
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Over the past few years, several novel nanoscale computing concepts have been proposed as potential post-complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) computing fabrics. In these, key focus is on inventing a faster and lower power alternative to conventional metal oxide semiconductor field effect transators. Instead, we propose a fundamental shift in mindset towards more functional building blocks, replacing simple switches with more sophisticated information encoding and computing based on alternate state variables to achieve a significantly more efficient and compact logic. Specifically, we propose wave computation enabled by magnetic spin wave interactions called as spin wave functions (SPWFs). In SPWFs, computation is based on wave interference and information can be encoded in a wave's phase, amplitude and frequency. In this paper, we provide an update on key fabric concepts and design aspects. Our analysis shows that circuit design choices can have a significant impact on overall fabric/device capabilities required and vice versa. Thereby, we adapt an integrated fabric-circuit exploration methodology. Control schemes for wave streaming and synchronization are also discussed with several SPWF circuit topologies. Our estimations show that significant area and power benefits can be expected for SPWF-based designs versus CMOS. In particular, for a 1-bit adder up to 40X area benefit and up to 304X power consumption reduction may be possible with SPWF-based implementation versus 45 nm CMOS.
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Serdjuks, Dmitrijs, Karlis Rocens, Leonids Pakrastinsh, Nikolai Vatin, and Vadims Goremikins. "Prestressed Cladding Elements for Tensioned Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 716–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.716.
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Two types of prestressed cladding elements for the long span cable roofs were investigated. The first considered type of prestressed cladding element was pneumatic and formed by the generally woven by the basket weave fabric from the Vectra (LCP) yarns, which is covered by the PoliTetraFluoroEthylene (PTFE) copolymer foil, and compliant contour, consisting from the several glued together layers of the mentioned covered fabric. The second considered type of prestressed cladding element was formed by the steel cables steel pipes and the same type of covered fabric as the first type. Rational from the point of view of materials consumption heights and levels of prestressing for two considered types of cladding elements were evaluated.
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Worobets, Jay T., Emma R. Skolnik, and Darren J. Stefanyshyn. "Apparel with Far Infrared Radiation for Decreasing an Athlete's Oxygen Consumption during Submaximal Exercise." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 19, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-19-03-2015-b007.
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Far infrared radiation (FIR) has been shown to have physiological effects when used as a treatment modality for certain medical conditions. Athletic apparel are currently commercially available that are constructed with fabrics that purportedly emit FIR. If apparel with this technology are capable of inducing positive physiological effects, then there may be important implications when worn by an athlete during exercise. The purpose of this study is to examine whether FIR apparel has an effect on oxygen consumption during exercise at submaximal intensities. Twelve male cyclists have completed submaximal incremental cycling tests. Each subject is tested on 4 separate days, twice while wearing a full body Control garment, and twice while wearing a similar garment made out of FIR fabric. Throughout each cycling test, the volume of oxygen uptake is monitored by using a breathing mask and metabolic analysis cart. At lower cycling intensities, the subjects consume statistically significantly less oxygen when wearing the FIR apparel compared to the Control garment, despite performing the same amount of mechanical work. Additional research is required to determine the implication of this effect for a training or competing athlete; however, the results indicate that this apparel technology does elicit a physiological effect.
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Pakolpakçıl, Ayben, Zbigniew Draczyński, Justyna Szulc, Dawid Stawski, Nina Tarzyńska, Anna Bednarowicz, Dominik Sikorski, et al. "An In Vitro Study of Antibacterial Properties of Electrospun Hypericum perforatum Oil-Loaded Poly(lactic Acid) Nonwovens for Potential Biomedical Applications." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (September 4, 2021): 8219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178219.
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The growth of population and increase in diseases that cause an enormous demand for biomedical material consumption is a pointer to the pressing need to develop new sustainable biomaterials. Electrospun materials derived from green polymers have gained popularity in recent years for biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, wound dressings, and drug delivery. Among the various bioengineering materials used in the synthesis of a biodegradable polymer, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has received the most attention from researchers. Hypericum perforatum oil (HPO) has antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the development of an antibacterial sustainable material based on PLA by incorporating HPO via a simple, low-cost electrospinning method. Chemical, morphological, thermal, thickness and, air permeability properties, and in vitro antibacterial activity of the electrospun nonwoven fabric were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the morphology of the electrospun nonwoven fabric, which had bead-free morphology ultrafine fibers. Antibacterial tests revealed that the Hypericum perforatum oil-loaded poly(lactic acid) nonwoven fabrics obtained had high antibacterial efficiency against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, indicating a strong potential for use in biomedical applications.
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Stránská, Eliška, and David Neděla. "Reinforcing fabrics as the mechanical support of ion exchange membranes." Journal of Industrial Textiles 48, no. 2 (September 14, 2017): 432–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083717732075.
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Mechanical, physical and electrochemical characteristics are one of the important properties of ion exchange membranes. These parameters are required for a next operation and for an application in an electrodialysis (as tightness of a stack, energy consumption, capacity of electrodialysis). The goal of this article is comparison of the influence of the different reinforcing fabric on the properties of ion exchange membranes. Six types of ion exchange membranes with the nonwoven fabric, the monofilament knit, the multifilament knit, the monofilament woven fabric, the multifilament woven fabric, and for comparison non-reinforcing ion exchange membranes were chosen. The most important properties of a fabric in this application are thickness, free area related to the warp and the weft, mechanical strength, the material (shrinkage), type of fabric (plain or twill weave, a knit, monofilament, multifilament) and of course price. Electrochemical, physical and mechanical properties of ion exchange membranes were studied. Non-reinforcing ion exchange membranes have lower mechanical strength, but the best elongation. These ion exchange membranes report big relative dimension changes after swelling in demineralized water and the lowest value of the areal resistance. The most appropriate ion exchange membrane is with woven fabric from monofilaments after comparison with other ion exchange membranes in terms of the quality of the lamination and other electrochemical, physical and mechanical parameters.
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Wang, Hua E. "Research on Anti-Felting Finishing Process of Wool Knitted Fabric with Protease." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 5492–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.5492.
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In this paper, acid protease treatment was studied on anti-felting finishing of wool knitted fabric and the optimal process conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiment. The technical parameters were hydrogen peroxide concentration 40mL/L, temperature 45°C, time 45min, pH value 8, concentration of protease 5 % (owf), pH value 5, temperature 40°C and time 35min. Through this process, the felt resistance property of wool knitted fabric has been improved greatly. Because of low temperature, energy consumption, environmental pollution, this process belongs to environmental protection and energy saving technology.
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Zhang, Bo, Bin-qiang Wang, and Bo Yuan. "A Buffer-less Energy Consumption Optimal Model of Self-routing Grouping Switching Fabric." Journal of Electronics & Information Technology 34, no. 7 (July 6, 2013): 1690–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1146.2011.01222.
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Yeşilpınar, S., V. Aytaç, F. Khalilov, and L. Bozkurt. "Development of software that calculates the fabric consumption of garments in clothing factories." Journal of the Textile Institute 100, no. 7 (September 24, 2009): 626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00405000802128414.
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Dutta, Anirban, and Biswapati Chatterjee. "Development of prediction model through linear multiple regression for the prediction and analysis of the GSM of embroidered fabric." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 24, no. 1 (January 11, 2020): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-07-2019-0033.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish the regression equation based upon a set of samples prepared through structured design of experiment and form a prediction model for prediction of the areal density gram per square meter (GSM) of the embroidered fabrics and study the influence of basic input parameters. Design/methodology/approach Embroidery samples are prepared taking input parameters as GSM of the base fabric, linear density of the embroidery thread and stitch density of the embroidery design. Three levels of values are identified for each of the input parameters. Taguchi and Box-Behnken experiment design principles are used to prepare two sets of samples. Linear multiple regression is used to determine the prediction equations based upon each of the two sets and the combined set as well. Prediction equations are statistically verified for the prediction accuracy. Also, surface curves are prepared to study the influence of embroidery parameters on the GSM. Findings It is found that all the three prediction models developed in this study can predict with a very satisfactory level of accuracy. However, the regression equation based upon the data set prepared according to Taguchi experiment design is emerged as the prediction model with highest level of prediction accuracy. Corresponding equation coefficients and several three-dimensional surface curves are used to study the influence of embroidery parameters and it is found that the stitch density is the most influential input parameter followed by stitch length and the GSM of base fabric. Research limitations/implications This can be used to assess the GSM of embroidered fabrics before starting the actual embroidery process. So, this model can help the embroidery designers significantly to pre-estimate the GSM of the embroidered fabrics and select the design parameters accordingly. Also, this model can be a useful tool for estimation of thread consumption and thread cost in embroidery. Practical implications The input parameters used here are very basic parameters related to design and materials, which can be easily available. And also, a simple linear multiple regression is used to make the prediction equation simple and easy to use. So, this model can help the embroidery designers or garment designers to select/adjust the embroidery parameters and thread parameters accordingly in the planning and designing stage itself to ensure that the GSM of embroidered fabrics remains within desirable range. Also, this prediction model developed hereby may be a very useful tool for estimation of the consumption and cost of embroidery threads. Originality/value This paper presents a very fundamental study to reveal the effect of embroidery parameters on the GSM, through development of regression equations. It can help future researchers in optimizations of input parameters and forming a technical guideline for the embroidery designers for selection of the design parameters for a desired GSM of embroidered fabric.