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Khoiriyah, Nuzulia, Sri Mulyono, and Bagus Satrio Waluyo Poetro. "Sosialisasi Perawatan dan Pembuatan Face Shield bagi Tenaga Kesehatan." Abdimas: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Merdeka Malang 6, no. 3 (2021): 439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/abdimas.v6i3.5288.
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Face shield is one of the important PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) for health workers in health services in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic as it is today. The limited number of face shield will certainly hamper the health services provided by the hospital. This Community Services activity was carried out at RSI Sultan Agung and RSIGM Sultan Agung to provide training on making face shield independently and also maintenance, so that face shield is more durable and not easily damaged. The tool used is a 3D printer which is easy to operate. 3D Printing technology will produce solid objects, and not like printing a sheet of paper on a printer that is commonly used. Design 3D models using CAD software. This activity was attended by 80 participants. 91.25% of participants are interested in making their own face shields as an effort to meet the need for face shields From the Community Services activities, around 100 face shields were produced which were handed over to the hospital.
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Pradiningsih, Anna, Baiq Leny Nopitasari, Alvi Kusuma Wardani, Baiq Nurbaety, and Abdul Rahman Wahid. "PEMBAGIAN FACE SHIELD SEBAGAI PENCEGAHAN CORONA." SELAPARANG Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan 4, no. 1 (2020): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v4i1.2946.
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ABSTRAKKeterbatasan APD (Alat Pelindung Diri) semakin memprihatinkan, sehingga perlunya pemasokan APD pada fasilitas kesehatan guna untuk mencegah pemaparan peyebaran covid-19 pada tenaga kesehatan. Dengan adanya kelangkaan alat pelindung diri, alternatif lain dalam perlindungan diri minimal untuk mencegah penyebaran Covid-19 ini adalah dengan menggunakan Face shield. Tenaga kesehatan di fasilitas kesehatan yang secara langsung memberikan pelayanan masyarakat memiliki resiko tinggi terkena penyebaran covid-19. Oleh karena itu, perlunya melakukan kegiatan dalam membantu penyediaan APD di fasilitas kesahatan salah satu nya adalah Face shield. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk membantu tenaga kesehatan dalam pencegahan penyebaran covid-19. Pada pengabdian masyarakat ini pembagian face shield dilakukan pada sejumlah puskesmas dan klinik antara lain Puskesmas Labuapi, Puskesmas Banyumulek, Puskesmas Perampuan dan Klinik An Nur. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan secara langsung dengan jumlah total 50 buah face shield. Kata kunci: face shield; pencegahan covid-19; Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram ABSTRACTThe limitation of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) is increasingly alarming, so the need for PPE supply in health facilities in order to prevent exposure to covid-19 distribution to health workers. Due to the scarcity of personal protective equipment, another alternative to minimal self-protection to prevent the spread of Covid-19 is to use a Face Shield. Health workers in health facilities that directly provide community services have a high risk of contracting co-19. Therefore, the need to carry out activities to help provide PPE in health facilities, one of which is Face Shield. The purpose of this community service is to help health workers in preventing the spread of covid-19. In this community service, the division of face shields was carried out in a number of puskesmas and clinics including Labuapi Puskesmas, Banyumulek Puskesmas, Perampu Puskesmas and An Nur Clinic. The method of implementation is carried out directly with a total of 50 face shields. Keywords: face shield; Covid-19 prevention; University of Muhammadiyah Mataram
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Yu*, Minji, and Linsey Griffin. "User-Centered Design of a Face Shield for Healthcare Workers." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 66, no. 1 (2022): 1372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181322661513.
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A face shield is personal protective equipment that protects all or part of the face. It is worn to prevent injury or reduce the spread of infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to explore what problems healthcare workers experience while wearing a face shield, and to develop a new face shield design with improved usability. For user needs-based design, three-stage interviews were conducted with three healthcare workers with experience wearing face shields and product design major graduate students. Reported problems with face shields were related to human factors such as low degree of seal confidence, low work efficiency, skin irritation, pressure, glare, heat, and humidity. Based on the needs of healthcare workers and product design perspectives, a low-fidelity concept was developed and reviewed, including basic improvement directions and redesign ideas. Iterative design evaluation and user interviews were performed throughout the design process for modifications of the design. A final face shield design that enhances protection and usability was developed and described.
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Mochamad Arif Irfai1, Muchlis Arif, Nova Kristiana, and I Made Arsana4. "Penerapan Face Shield Bagi Tenaga Medis Untuk Menangani Pasien Covid-19 di Kota Batu Jawa Timur." ABIDUMASY Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.33752/abidumasy.v2i1.1318.
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The purpose of this activity is to assist the government in providing and distributing face shields for medical personnel at referral hospitals to treat covid-19 patients. At first we analyzed the problems with partners (hospitals and community health centers). The results of the analysis show that hospitals and health centers lack a helmet-face shield for medical personnel to treat covid-19 patients. Based on the results of discussions and requests from the partner. Then the design is carried out to manufacture a helmet-face shield. There are 2 PPE made, The first type is only a face shield and the second type is obtained a helmet design that is equipped with a face shield or can be called a helmet-face shield. At the end of the activity, questionnaires were distributed to respondents consisting of doctors, nurses and other medical personnel. Respondents were selected randomly in health facilities in Batu, East Java. The response from medical personnel has generally been positive. This can be seen from the questionnaires distributed to respondents. More than 90% of the results of the questionnaire stated that helmet-face shield and face shield products could be accepted by health workers.
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Pieniak, Daniel, and Agata Walczak. "Preliminarny studies on scratch resistance of the face shields surface of firefighting helmets." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 20, no. 1-2 (2019): 322–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2019.059.
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Nowadays, in rescue operations firefighters of the State Fire Service use firefighting helmets which protect their head. Type B helmets in accordance with PN EN 433 technical norm are most often used. The face shields of firefighting helmets are usually made of transparent polycarbonate. One layer of metalized coatings, usually made in PVD technology are often applied on the shield surface. Sometimes multi-layer and gradient coatings are also applied. The surface of a visor may get damaged. Surface damages limit the field of rescuer view, and also adversely influence on barrier properties of the shield. One of the utility criterion for face shields and glasses of firefighting helmets is scratch resistance. Comparative studies on scratch resistance of surface were performed. The test was conducted with the use of Rockwell diamond cone. Small differences in scratch resistance were shown. The mechanism of surface degradation due to scratch of studied shields were varied. The highest resistance against the indenter was obtained in case of the shield surface of the Kontekst helmet. The lowest surface degradation was observed for the helmet with the shield face covered by metalized coating - Gallet. The face shields of helmets without coating were characterized by higher dam-ages. The highest damage was obtained in case of the Kontekst helmet.
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Anon, Jack B., Carter Denne, and Darcy Rees. "Patient-Worn Enhanced Protection Face Shield for Flexible Endoscopy." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 163, no. 2 (2020): 280–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599820934777.
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Objectives The primary objective of this study was to compare the protection afforded by a standard face shield design with a new enhanced design in a controlled setting. Methods This study was exempted from review by institutional review board waiver. A flexible fiberoptic endoscopy was placed through stellate openings in the standard face shield and the enhanced face shield. A series of simulated coughs were created with bursts of fluorescein dye through an atomizer tip placed within the test participant’s mouth. Ultraviolet lighting illuminated the test area, and areas of dye splatter were noted. Results Fluorescein dye is easily aerosolized along the lateral inferior aspect of a standard shield with significant contamination of the surrounds. The enhanced face shield maintained a barrier to the aerosolized dye. Discussion Face shields, rather than face masks, should be considered a preferred alternative for the public and for health care professionals alike, as they address many of the personal protective equipment concerns especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Otolaryngologists are at high risk from aerosol-generating procedures, such as flexible fiberoptic endoscopy, even when wearing personal protective equipment. Here we describe a uniquely designed face shield to be worn by the patient as another layer of protection for the environment and for medical personnel. Implications for Practice During the course of a flexible fiberoptic endoscopy, medical personnel are safely isolated from potential infectious particles with a newly designed face shield.
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Dinsmore, Jessica, Susan Brands, Steven Perry, et al. "Efficacy of Various Facial Protective Equipment for Infection Control in a Healthcare Setting." Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 22, no. 5 (2021): 1045–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2021.3.50516.
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Introduction: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has reinforced the importance of facial protection against droplet transmission of diseases. Healthcare workers wear personal protection equipment (PPE), including face shields and masks. Plastic face shields may have advantages over regular medical masks. Although many designs of face shields exist, there is a paucity of evidence regarding the efficacy of shield designs against droplet transmissions. There is even less published evidence comparing various face shields. Due to the urgency of the pandemic and the health and safety of healthcare workers, we aimed to study the efficacy of various face shields against droplet transmission. Methods: We simulated droplet transmission via coughing using a heavy-duty chemical spray bottle filled with fluorescein. A standard-adult sized mannequin head was used. The mannequin head wore various face shields and was positioned to face the spray bottle at either a 0°, 45°, or 90° angle. The spray bottle was positioned at and sprayed from 30 centimeters (cm), 60 cm, or 90 cm away from the head. These steps were repeated for all face shields used. Control was a mannequin that wore no PPE. A basic mask was also tested. We collected data for particle count, total area of particle distribution, average particle size, and percentage area covered by particles. We analyzed percent covered by particles using a repeated measures mixed-model regression with Tukey-Kramer pairwise comparison. Results: We used least square means to estimate the percentage area covered by particles. Wearing PPE regardless of the design reduced particle transmission to the mannequin compared to the control. The LCG mask had the lowest square means of 0.06 of all face-shield designs analyzed. Tukey-Kramer pairwise comparison showed that all PPEs had a decrease in particle contamination compared to the control. LCG shield was found to have the least contamination compared to all other masks (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Results suggest the importance of wearing a protective covering against droplet transmission. The LCG shield was found to decrease facial contamination by droplets the most of any tested protective equipment.
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Tse, Kwong Ming, Long Bin Tan, Mohamad Ali Bin Sapingi, et al. "The role of a composite polycarbonate-aerogel face shield in protecting the human brain from blast-induced injury: A fluid–structure interaction (FSI) study." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 21, no. 7 (2017): 2484–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636217733369.
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Background Blast-induced traumatic brain injury is the most prevalent injury sustained by combat soldiers at the frontline. The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of composite polycarbonate-aerogel face shields with different configurations in mitigating blast-induced brain injuries. Method A series of dynamic fluid–structure interaction simulations of a helmeted head subjected to a frontal free field blast was performed, to evaluate the effectiveness of the current conventional polycarbonate face shield and three other composite face shields with different configurations when exposed to a frontal free-field blast. Results The simulation results demonstrated that the sandwiched structured face shields of polycarbonate and aerogel provided superior blast attenuation than a single-layered polycarbonate face shield. The alternate multi-layered transparent materials of high and low densities provided the best attenuation of blast pressure transmission to the head, with the polycarbonate exterior shell casing contributing to the structural integrity of the face shield, while the lower dense aerogel filler providing high acoustic impedance to blast wave transmission. Conclusion This study provides further insights on future development and design of personal protective equipment in mitigating blast-induced injuries to the head.
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Wendling, Jean-Michel, Thibaut Fabacher, Philippe-Pierre Pébaÿ, Isabelle Cosperec, and Michaël Rochoy. "Experimental Efficacy of the Face Shield and the Mask against Emitted and Potentially Received Particles." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (2021): 1942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041942.
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There is currently not sufficient evidence to support the effectiveness of face shields for source control. In order to evaluate the comparative barrier performance effect of face masks and face shields, we used an aerosol generator and a particle counter to evaluate the performance of the various devices in comparable situations. We tested different configurations in an experimental setup with manikin heads wearing masks (surgical type I), face shields (22.5 cm high with overhang under the chin of 7 cm and circumference of 35 cm) on an emitter or a receiver manikin head, or both. The manikins were face to face, 25 cm apart, with an intense particle emission (52.5 L/min) for 30 s. The particle counter calculated the total cumulative particles aspirated on a volume of 1.416 L In our experimental conditions, when the receiver alone wore a protection, the face shield was more effective (reduction factor = 54.8%), while reduction was lower with a mask (reduction factor = 21.8%) (p = 0.002). The wearing of a protective device by the emitter alone reduced the level of received particles by 96.8% for both the mask and face shield (p = NS). When both the emitter and receiver manikin heads wore a face shield, the protection allowed for better results in our experimental conditions: 98% reduction for the face shields versus 97.3% for the masks (p = 0.01). Face shields offered an even better barrier effect than the mask against small inhaled particles (<0.3 µm–0.3 to 0.5 µm–0.5 to 1 µm) in all configurations. Therefore, it would be interesting to include face shields as used in our experimental study as part of strategies to reduce transmission within the community setting.
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Afifah, Ani. "FACE SHIELD MAKING TRAINING FOR PKK WOMEN IN THE VILLAGE OF BUGUL LOR PASURUAN." AMALA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 2, no. 1 (2023): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.23971/amala.v2i1.21.
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Bugul Lor Village is a village in Panggungrejo District, Pasuruan City, East Java Province. One of the problems faced by residents in Bugul Lor village is that the level of awareness of protecting themselves during a pandemic is still low. Such as implementing physical distancing, using masks, hand sanitizers, and other personal protective equipment. Bugul Lor Village has potential that can be exploited to create a healthy and prosperous society. The community service activities aim to provide training on making face shields in Bugul Lor Village, Panggungrejo District, Pasuruan City, East Java Province. This activity was carried out in August 2020 and was attended by 10 PKK RT/RW mothers: 02/02. The material presented in the training activities is material on making face shields. The implementation team presented the tools and materials needed. The implementation team demonstrated how to make a face shield. Each trainee was asked to try to make a face shield. This activity received a positive response from the training participants. After the activity was carried out, the knowledge and skills of the training participants in making face shields increased.
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Nurherdiana, Silvana Dwi. "Polymer Technology Outlook Study: Face Shields for Responding SARS-CoV2 Pandemic." International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering 2, no. 01 (2021): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/ijeise.v2i01.38.
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV2) has attracted most interest in current years due to the worst impact for the global public health. In this situation, the whole world requires wearing face shield and mask as the personal protective equipment, especially for medical personnel. Polymer technology have been introduced as a helping tool against SARS-CoV2 by producing healthcare product such as face shield as the first line of resistance due to it was cost effectiveness, sterile nature, versatility and easy to modify. This article clarifies the discussion about face shields in the polymer technology as the point of view and aims at providing a deeper understanding about polymer, polymeric material, synthesis methodology and its application for responding SARS-CoV2 pandemic in a form of face shields. The study of the synthesis route and methodology, chemical and physical properties of the polymer for face shields have also been described.
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Slamet, Sugeng, Akhmad Sokhibi, Setiawan Harmoko, Hariyanto Hariyanto, and Suyitno Suyitno. "Kajian Aspek Ergonomi Face Shield untuk Covid-19." Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing 3, no. 2 (2021): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jmdt.59490.
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Face shield sebagai alat pelindung diri harus mampu memberikan rasa aman dan nyaman bagi si pemakai. Face shield mampu memblokir partikel droplet yang mengandung kuman termasuk virus Covid-19. Di masa pandemi Covid-19 permintaan alat pelindung diri khususnya face shield mengalami peningkatan siginifikan. Produk face shield yang kurang memperhatikan aspek ergonomi dapat menyebabkan keluhan dari pemakai. Riset ini menguji aspek ergonomi pada face shield produksi Universitas Muria Kudus. Pengujian ergonomi dilakukan dengan metode evaluatif dengan memggunakan data variabel antropometri kepala orang Indonesia. Data antropometri tersebut digunakan sebagai bahan evaluasi terhadap kenyamanan produk face shield Universitas Muria Kudus. Sedangkan data keluhan pengguna face shield yang diproduksi Universitas Muria Kudus tersebut diperoleh dari responden berjumlah 41 orang, berumur antara 20-25 tahun, berjenis kelamin laki-lakidengan prosentase 85% dan perempuan dengan prosentase 15% serta dari suku jawa. Responden diberikan sejumlah pertanyaan terkait keluhan yang dirasakan saat menggunakan face shield Universitas Muria Kudus. Adapun variabel aspek perancangan produk yang diukur meliputi panjang face shield, lebar face shield, lingkar kepala face shield, tinggi kaca dan jarak mata ke kaca face shield. Variabel tersebut akan memberikan masukan ke produk akan kenyamaan dan keluhan yang dialami pengguna. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwaface shield produksi Universitas Muria Kudus memenuhi aspek ergonomi, yaitu 4 (empat) ukuran bagian face shield tidak melebihi pada ukuran data antropometri kepala (persentile 95th) yaitu pada bagian panjang face shield, lebar face shield, lingkar kepala face shield dan jarak mata ke kaca. Dan terdapat 1 (satu) ukuran bagian face shield yang dapat dievaluasi aspek ergonominya, yaitu pada bagian lingkar kepala face shield dengan rentang (persentile 5th -persentile 95th). Dikarenakan pada bagian tersebut dipasang tali yang dapat diatur (adjustable).
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Kaushal, Rajesh Kumar, Naveen Kumar, Simranjeet Singh, Akhilendra Khare, and Harmaninderjit Singh. "State-of-Art of Face Shields Manufactured through Additive Manufacturing, Issues and Mitigation Approaches." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (2022): 1613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.1613ecst.
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Recently, protective medical equipment like face shields and face masks played a vital role during the pandemic situation. Even international health organizations also suggested using face masks and face shields. The medical equipment manufacturers were not ready to fulfill the sudden market demands due to this pandemic. As a result, medical institutions faced a shortage of such protective equipment. In this situation, additive manufacturing turned into a supplementary manufacturing process to fulfill the touchy needs and to facilitate the wellbeing around the world. This study is disclosing the present state of art with respect to face shields manufactured through additive manufacturing. This study found that face shields manufactured through additive manufacturing approach were lacking in the technology intervention and also observed that anthropometric dimensions were ignored while manufacturing such face shields. The unique contribution of this study is to propose a technological advanced face shield by introducing electronic sensors into it and that too by considering anthropometric dimensions of Indian male and female head size.
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R, Mohanraj, Ramasubramanian B, Sutharsen TS, Ajay M, and Prof Aarthy Gunasekar. "3D Printed Face Shield." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (2022): 2158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42775.
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Abstract: In the fourth industrial revolution, a sort of printing technology that has the potential to transform the manufacturing industry is 3D printing. It takes just a few hours to develop a new product with this technology which might take days and months with traditional technologies. This research highlights a low-cost 3D printer’s design and its working. The whole printer was developed to make it less expensive than similar products already on the market. The results show that low-cost printers with good accuracy can be designed. Keywords: 3D printing, Face shield, CAD Software, stereo lithography, fused deposition manufacturing
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Singh, AtulKumar, and Robin Malik. "Shield your slit lamp with a face shield!" Indian Journal of Ophthalmology 70, no. 9 (2022): 3423. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijo.ijo_752_22.
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Agrawal, Vijay P., and Munmun V. Agrawal. "Easy Way to Prepare Reusable Face Shield for Healthcare Workers." JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES 10, no. 1 (2020): 41–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.58739/jcbs/v10i1.4.
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Face shield is one of the parts of personal protection equipment. It is used to protect face which in-cludes eyes, nose, mouth etc. It is mainly used by healthcare workers to protect them from patients body fluids like droplets, secretions etc. In the present scenario of limited resources, we have prepared a reusable face shield from lamination Pouch. Keywords: Face shield, Covid 19, personal protection equipment (PPE)
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Delos Santos, Manuel Luis, Ronaldo Tinio, Darwin Diaz, and Karlene Emily Tolosa. "Smart Face Shield: A Sensor-Based Wearable Face Shield Utilizing Computer Vision Algorithms." International Journal of Computing Sciences Research 7 (January 1, 2023): 1578–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25147/ijcsr.2017.001.1.118.
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Reed, W. R., M. R. Shahan, Y. Zheng, and A. Mazzella. "Laboratory results of foam application testing for longwall shield dust control in a simulated environment." International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 8, no. 2 (2021): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40789-021-00414-8.
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AbstractThere were 37 longwall faces operating in mines in the United States in 2019. The average panel width for these longwalls was approximately 368.5 m (1209 ft). This translates to a range of approximately 170–240 shields per longwall, depending upon the width of shield. The movement of longwall shields is a significant contributor to respirable dust overexposures to longwall operators. Foam is expected to have the potential to reduce this shield dust generation. The foam is applied to the area on the roof between the coal face and the shield tip after the shearer passes. In this study, the longwall shield dust simulator was used to test three foam agents for their ability to control dust from longwall shield movements. Results showed that at low-velocity ventilation (≈ 3.0 m/s (600 fpm)) all foam agents were able to produce dust reduction levels of at least 45%. At high-velocity ventilation (≈ 5.1 m/s (1000 fpm)), the reductions were lower and more variable, ranging from being undeterminable for one foam agent to having 46%–63% reductions for the other two foam agents, with one instance of an increase in dust concentration. Overall, the use of foam agents can provide longwall shield dust control. Important factors are roof coverage and the ability of foam to remain on the roof for extended time periods.
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Wen, Zhaolun. "Shield Machine and Shield Model Machine." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (2025): 316–19. https://doi.org/10.54097/7dd67904.
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With the rapid development of China's economy and technology, infrastructure construction is developing rapidly, and the development of underground space is gradually developing in the direction of the depth of the stratum. The shield construction environment is becoming more and more complex, and the excavation face instability accidents caused by improper construction parameter settings occur from time to time. Once the excavation face of deep shield tunnel is unstable, it is difficult to carry out rapid rescue on site. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the influence of different factors on the stability of excavation face under deep buried conditions and to evaluate the risk of excavation face instability. The shield model machine can make on-site simulation experiments and give on-site opinions. The shield machine, the full name of the shield tunnel boring machine, is a kind of special engineering machinery for tunnel excavation. The modern shield tunnel boring machine integrates light, machine, electricity, liquid, sensor and information technology. It has the functions of excavating and cutting soil, conveying soil, assembling tunnel lining, measuring and guiding correction. It involves geology, civil engineering, machinery, mechanics, hydraulic, electrical, control, measurement and other multi-disciplinary technologies, and it is necessary to carry out ' tailored ' design and manufacture according to different geology, and the reliability requirements are extremely high. Shield tunneling machine has been widely used in subway, railway, highway, municipal, hydropower and other tunnel projects. The shield model machine is used to simulate the shield process of the shield machine and prevent dangerous situations during the shield process.
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Jorge, Eduardo Freitas, Verena Azevedo, Atson Fernandes, et al. "Face Shield for Life 3D: produção colaborativa, usando a comunidade de makers, dos protetores faciais padrão RC3 para os profissionais de saúde em Salvador." Cadernos de Prospecção 13, no. 2 (2020): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/cp.v13i2.36174.
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A pandemia de COVID-19 gerou uma alta demanda por máscaras de proteção para profissionais da área de saúde. Nesse contexto, surgiu o Projeto Face Shield for Life 3D, cujo objetivo é apresentar o modelo de produção colaborativa de desenvolvimento e de produção de Face Shields. O artigo se inicia apresentando um breve histórico sobre o novo patógeno e as suas formas de contágio, a Resolução RDC n. 356, de 23 de março de 2020, e algumas orientações da ANVISA para os serviços de saúde (hospitais, postos, profissionais, suporte e assistência) em relação à importância das medidas de prevenção e de controle. Na sequência, são expostos os resultados obtidos no Projeto Face Shield for Life 3D com a criação de um hub com mais de 60 makers, somando mais de 90 impressoras 3D conectadas com o propósito de obter uma resposta rápida na produção dos Face Shields aos profissionais de saúde gratuitamente.
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Barua, Saikat, Ishkrizat Taib, Nur'Afifah Yousri, et al. "Modelling Analysis of Face Shield Effectiveness against COVID-19 Transmission." Semarak Journal of Thermal Fluid Engineering 1, no. 1 (2025): 11–22. https://doi.org/10.37934/sjotfe.1.1.1122a.
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The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic necessitates effective protective measures to mitigate virus transmission. This study employed Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to evaluate the efficacy of two face shield models in blocking COVID-19 transmission under three conditions: normal speech, coughing, and sneezing. One model replicates a common commercial product, and the other introduces an innovative design. A simplified human model with dimensions of 760 × 300 mm and a mouth air inlet area of 360 mm² was used for the simulation. Two types of face shields were modelled: one with a simple curved structure (Model 1) and another with a rectangular structure providing a side cover (Model 2). The computational domain was defined with dimensions of 3.5 m x 2.8 m x 2.3 m, and simulations were conducted using the finite volume method with ANSYS Meshing and Fluent for solver preference. The governing equations for the incompressible flow were applied. The simulations revealed that both face shields effectively blocked the direct airflow to the face across all conditions (speech, coughing, and sneezing). However, the structure of the face shields significantly alters the airflow patterns. Model 2, with its rectangular structure, provided better coverage and directed the airflow away from critical areas. Despite their effectiveness in blocking direct contact with airborne particles, face shields alone do not provide sufficient protection against virus transmission, especially for finer aerosol particles. Face shields can obstruct direct airflow but are inadequate as standalone protective measures against COVID-19 transmission. Therefore, the combined use of face shields and face masks is recommended for enhanced safety.
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Riduan, Siti Nurhanna, Arunmozhiarasi Armugam, and Yugen Zhang. "Antibiotic resistance mitigation: the development of alternative general strategies." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 8, no. 30 (2020): 6317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tb01241f.
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Antibiotics and their resistant bacterial strains are akin to the spear and shield paradox. In this paper, we highlight a few alternative strategies as sharpened spears that can face the challenges of evolving impermeable shields.
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Pang, Yongkang, Hang Lin, Ping Cao, and Gang Meng. "The Influence of Overlying High-Speed Rail Dynamic Loads on the Stability of Shield Tunnel Faces During Excavation." Applied Sciences 15, no. 5 (2025): 2567. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15052567.
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This study investigates the stability of multilayer shield tunnels beneath high-speed railway bases, with a particular focus on the influence of dynamic loads induced by high-speed rail vibrations and shield thrust. A self-designed scale test apparatus was employed to simulate the effects of these dynamic loads on tunnel soil stability, face integrity, formation stress, deformation, and settlement. The experimental setup was specifically designed to accurately replicate the deformation characteristics of the tunnel face and surrounding strata under the combined influence of shield tunneling and high-speed rail loads. The reliability of the experimental results was validated through comparison with numerical simulations performed using FLAC3D software. The study underscores the effectiveness of integrating physical model tests with numerical simulations to predict the failure characteristics and ultimate support forces of tunnel faces under dynamic loading conditions. The findings provide novel insights into the deformation and failure mechanisms of tunnel faces during shield excavation, particularly under the influence of high-speed rail loads. This research establishes a robust methodological framework for assessing tunnel face stability and offers valuable guidance for the design and construction of shield tunnels in analogous geological and operational contexts.
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Tsuda, Kazutoshi, and Mariko Sakuragi. "Co-Design of Do-It-Yourself Face Shield in Japan Under COVID-19 Pandemic." Strategic Design Research Journal 13, no. 3 (2020): 502–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4013/sdrj.2020.133.16.
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Along with the spread of open design environments and various types of digital fabrication tools (e.g., computer numerical control machines, laser cutting devices, and 3D printers), the "maker movement" or "personal fabrication" has been spreading worldwide over the past decade. This case study introduces grassroots activities in Japan that are employing personal fabrication tools to manage the COVID-19 crisis, focusing on the co-design of do-it-yourself face shields for healthcare workers. We address various issues emerging from the activities of face shield production: (1) development of face shield designs and materials, (2) examination and information sharing regarding the practicality and safety of open-source designs, and (3) collaboration with local factories. Thus, we demonstrate the significance of maker contributions to COVID-19, and provide suggestions for challenges in the future.
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Chmelík, Vojtech, Daniel Urbán, Lukáš Zelem, and Monika Rychtáriková. "Effect of Mouth Mask and Face Shield on Speech Spectrum in Slovak Language." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (2021): 4829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11114829.
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In this paper, with the aim of assessing the deterioration of speech intelligibility caused by a speaker wearing a mask, different face masks (surgical masks, FFP2 mask, homemade textile-based protection and two kinds of plastic shields) are compared in terms of their acoustic filtering effect, measured by placing the mask on an artificial head/mouth simulator. For investigating the additional effects on the speaker’s vocal output, speech was also recorded while people were reading a text when wearing a mask, and without a mask. In order to discriminate between effects of acoustic filtering by the mask and mask-induced effects of vocal output changes, the latter was monitored by measuring vibrations at the suprasternal notch, using an attached accelerometer. It was found that when wearing a mask, people tend to slightly increase their voice level, while when wearing plastic face shield, they reduce their vocal power. Unlike the Lombard effect, no significant change was found in the spectral content. All face mask and face shields attenuate frequencies above 1–2 kHz. In addition, plastic shields also increase frequency components to around 800 Hz, due to resonances occurring between the face and the shield. Finally, special attention was given to the Slavic languages, in particular Slovak, which contain a large variety of sibilants. Male and female speech, as well as texts with and without sibilants, was compared.
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Adiwibowo, Priyo Heru, Novi Sukma Drastiawati, Indra Herlamba Siregar, and Iskandar Iskandar. "Pelatihan Pembuatan Face Shield Dalam Menghadapi Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Kampung Inggris Pare Kediri." Dinamisia : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 6, no. 5 (2022): 1322–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/dinamisia.v6i5.11127.
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Perkembangan virus Covid-19 di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia untuk menemukan solusi khususnya dalam mencegah penularan. Penggunaan Face shield antar siswa, siswa dan guru karena kontak yang dekat dan lama atau berbicara yang memungkinkan keluarnya cairan atau cipratan. Face shield adalah perlindungan pernafasan yang digunakan sebagai metode untuk melindungi individu dari menghirup zat-zat bahaya atau kontaminan yang berada di udara, perlindungan pernafasan atau face shield tidak dimaksudkan untuk menggantikan metode pilihan yang dapat menghilangkan penyakit, namun untuk melindungi secara memadai pemakainya. Alat ini merupakan berguna dalam upaya pencegahan upaya pencegahan Covid-19, terutama pada proses pembejaran di Kampung Inggris Pare khususnya pronuciation yang harus membuka masker karena diperlukan untuk melihat gerakan mulut dan penempatan lidah. Pengabdian ini menggunakan metode pembelajaran secara langsung (praktek) dan dengan menggunakan data yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan pelindung wajah atau face shield. Tahap kegiatan berupa observasi lapangan, menentukan urgensi, problem solving ke UKM mitra, pelatihan dan evaluasi. Evaluasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui respon peserta dengan menggunakan angket kemudian angket tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Skala Likert. Hasil Pelatihan Face Shield ini telah terlaksana dengan baik dan lancar. Respon peserta terhadap pelatihan membuat face shield adalah 87,01%. Dari hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ini dapat diterima dengan baik. 
 Kata kunci: Covid-19, Face shield, Kampung Inggris Pare, Pencegahan, Skala likert
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MATSUMOTO, Yoshiji, Hiroshi OKADA, Soukichi UCHIDA, and Motoo OTSUKA. "Multi-circular face shield (MFS) tunnelling." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 397 (1988): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1988.397_17.
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Johns, Michael E., and Ben Thal. "Protective Face Shield Attaches to Headmirror." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 103, no. 1 (1990): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989010300122.
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Yuniarsih, Nidia, Nurul Laili Arifin, Hanifah Widiastuti, et al. "Pengendalian Penularan COVID-19 Melalui Penerapan Non Medical Infant Face Shield (Nomifes)." Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Politeknik Negeri Batam 3, no. 1 (2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/abdimaspolibatam.v3i1.2618.
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Pengunaan Alat Pelindung diri (APD), sebagai upaya preventif dari penularan COVID-19 melalui droplet, wajib digunakan sejalan dengan meningkatnya jumlah kasus positif. Face shield merupakan APD yang memberi perlindungan wajah dari droplet. Selain tenaga medis, wanita hamil maupun bayi baru lahir juga mewakili populasi yang rentan terpapar virus SARS-CoV-2. Penggunaan masker pada bayi di bawah 2 tahun tidak diperbolehkan karena dapat berakibat kesulitan bernafas bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan upaya pencegahan selain penggunaan masker, salah satunya dengan penggunaan face shield pada bayi. Pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk menghasilkan sebuah produk Non Medical Infant Face Shield yang dapat digunakan oleh bayi sebagai bagian dari usaha Politeknik Negeri Batam mencegah penularan COVID-19. Distribusi face shield ini ditujukan kepada fasilitas kesehatan primer sebagai mitra yaitu Puskesmas Batu Aji, Puskesmas Tanjung Uncang, Puskesmas Sekupang dan Puskesmas Kampong Jabi Nongsa. Respon mitra terhadap produk face shield ini sangat baik dalam hal kemudahan penggunaan, intruksi penggunaan, kenyamanan, disinfeksi ulang dan kualitas produk itu sendiri. Selain itu, frekuensi penggunaan face shield yang tinggi, lebih dari tiga kali setiap hari, menunjukkan manfaat kegiatan ini dalam membantu menyedidakan APD untuk tindakan medis di Puskesmas.
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Ugarte-Anero, Ainara, Unai Fernandez-Gamiz, Iñigo Aramendia, Ekaitz Zulueta, and Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede. "Numerical Modeling of Face Shield Protection against a Sneeze." Mathematics 9, no. 13 (2021): 1582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9131582.
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The protection provided by wearing masks has been a guideline worldwide to prevent the risk of COVID-19 infection. The current work presents an investigation that analyzes the effectiveness of face shields as personal protective equipment. To that end, a multiphase computational fluid dynamic study based on Eulerian–Lagrangian techniques was defined to simulate the spread of the droplets produced by a sneeze. Different scenarios were evaluated where the relative humidity, ambient temperature, evaporation, mass transfer, break up, and turbulent dispersion were taken into account. The saliva that the human body generates was modeled as a saline solution of 8.8 g per 100 mL. In addition, the influence of the wind speed was studied with a soft breeze of 7 km/h and a moderate wind of 14 km/h. The results indicate that the face shield does not provide accurate protection, because only the person who is sneezed on is protected. Moreover, with a wind of 14 km/h, none of the droplets exhaled into the environment hit the face shield, instead, they were deposited onto the neck and face of the wearer. In the presence of an airflow, the droplets exhaled into the environment exceeded the safe distance marked by the WHO. Relative humidity and ambient temperature play an important role in the lifetime of the droplets.
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Handayani, Nurlaila, Yusnawati, Nurmalawati, and Ahmad Hidayat. "PENERAPAN METODE QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK FACE SHIELD." Jurnal Industri Samudra 4, no. 1 (2023): 20–34. https://doi.org/10.55377/jis.v4i1.9650.
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Face shield merupakan alat pelindung diri (APD) yang penting digunakan pada pandemi virus corona. Permasalahan penelitian yaitu kurangnya minat masyarakat memakai face shield saat pandemi virus corona. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui atribut atau keinginan masyarakat terhadap pengembangan produk face shield dan mengetahui karakteristik teknis pada pengembangan produk face shield. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Quality Function Deployment (QFD).Hasil dan pembahasan, responden Laki-laki tingkat kepentingan tertinggi bernilai 5, tingkat kepuasan tertinggi pada warna pengikat mika bernilai 3,82, rasio perbaikan terbesar pada jenis pengikat mika berniai 1,37, sales point terbanyak bernilai 1.2 sebanyak 3 atribut, bobot absolut dan bobot relatif tertinggi pada jenis pengikat mika bernilai 10.24 dan 31,44%, responden Perempuan tingkat kepentingan tertinggi bernilai 5, tingkat kepuasan tertinggi pada jenis pengikat mika bernilai 3,54, rasio perbaikan terbesar pada jenis pengikat mika berniai 1,41, sales point terbanyak bernilai 1.2 sebanyak 4 atribut, bobot absolut dan bobot relatif tertinggi pada jenis pengikat mika bernilai 10,59 dan 32,96%. Kesimpulan, terdapat 6 atribut pengembangan produk face shield untuk responden Laki-laki dan Perempuan, karakteristik teknis pada pengembangan produk face shield yang diprioritaskan untuk ditingkatkan pada responden Laki-laki yaitu kenyamanan pemakai, memiliki daya tahan yang lama, dan mudah untuk dipasang dan dilepaskan. Sedangkan karakteristik teknis yang diprioritaskan untuk ditingkatkan pada responden Perempuan yaitu kenyamanan pemakai, desain yang menarik, dan menambah nilai jual.
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Rahayu, Margareta Hesti, Theresia Titin Marlina, and Siwi Ikaristi Maria Theresia. "PELATIHAN UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PENYEBARAN COVID-19 KEPADA KADER KESEHATAN DI DUSUN PRINGWULUNG CONDONG CATUR DEPOK SLEMAN." Jurnal Abdimas Saintika 3, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30633/jas.v3i1.972.
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ABSTRAK Covid-19 menjadi permasalahan pandemic global, tingkat penyebaran dan keparahan menjadi menghawatirkan dari virus tersebut. Kabupaten Sleman merupakan salah satu wilayah yang mengalami transmisi lokal. Penularan virus Corona dapat terjadi dengan mudah dari satu orang ke orang lain. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan warga masyarakat Padukuhan Pringwulung tentang pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan, pelatihan dan diskusi. Kegiatan ini menghasilkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan kemampuan untuk membuat face shield. Kesimpulan: Kader mampu memahami tentang pencegahan penyebarab Covid-19 dan mampu membuat face shield secara mandiri.Kata Kunci: pencegahan penyebaran, Covid-19, pengetahuan ABSTRACT Covid-19 is a global pandemic problem, the level of spread and severity of the virus is worrying. Sleman Regency is one of the areas experiencing local transmission. Corona virus transmission can occur easily from person to person. The purpose of this activity is to increase the knowledge of the residents of the Padukuhan Pringwulung community about preventing the spread of Covid-19. The methods used are health education, training and discussion. This activity resulted in increased knowledge and the ability to make face shields. Conclusion: Cadres are able to understand about preventing the spread of Covid-19 and are able to make face shields independently.Keywords: prevention of spread, Covid-19, knowledge
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Ramadhan, Ali, Gunawan Syarifuddin, Pillar Anugrah Hadi, Syukur Pribadi, and Syahrul Ramadhan. "Application of 3D printer production techniques for face shield design as a method of preventing COVID-19 transmission in the community." Abdimas: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Merdeka Malang 7, no. 4 (2022): 697–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/abdimas.v7i4.7768.
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Coronavirus Disease 19 or known as COVID-19 is a virus that attacks a person's breathing. And it is believed that it spreads through human-to-human interactions through saliva splashes. Until now, there is no medicine that can cure it. So that various parties related to health are only able to apply limits related to activities and interactions between humans. Therefore, at this time to tackle it only in the form of prevention. Face shield is one form of preventing the spread of COVID-19 which can be a new reference at this time. 3D printers are known as production tools that can be used as tools that can be presented at home, because of their small size, 3D printers can also be maximized as a tool to create objects. The use of the face shield production introduction method in the form of a webinar is an option for the public to find out methods that can be carried out in productive activities to suppress the spread of COVID-19. Besides having an online system in providing knowledge to produce face shields, it directly contributes significantly to producing something during the current pandemic, especially face shields that have use values.
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Liu, Hao, Jinjiang Shi, Jiasen Li, and Chao Liu. "Investigation on the Influence Caused by Shield Tunneling: WSN Monitoring and Numerical Simulation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (February 16, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6620706.
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Traditional monitoring techniques are faced with the problems of low acquisition frequency and easy to be affected by the construction environment during the shield tunneling, which cannot meet the actual needs of timeliness monitoring of surrounding environmental impact on shield tunnel construction. Based on this actual demand, a wireless sensor network (WSN) system was used to monitor the response of shield tunnel segments and surrounding buildings during the shield tunneling in this study. According to the result of the signal transmission test, an optimization scheme of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensor layout is designed to improve the monitoring efficiency of the WSN system. Through the comparative analysis of WSN system monitoring data and traditional monitoring data, it is found that, with the increasing distance between the monitoring section and the tunnel face, the convergence value of tunnel lining clearance gradually tends to be stable, and the wireless monitoring results of transverse clearance convergence of the tunnel in this section are consistent with the overall deformation trend of the convergence gauge monitoring results. This study also simulated the shield tunneling adjacent buildings using a nonlinear finite element method. A parameter sensitivity analysis of the support pressure of the excavation face and the grouting pressure at the tail of the shield is carried out. The results show that the surface settlement can be reduced by properly increasing the grouting pressure and the support pressure of the excavation face. Moreover, increasing the support pressure of the excavation face has a better inhibition effect on the settlement of the surface soil than increasing the grouting pressure.
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Amin, Muhammad, Taufan Arif Adlie, Fazri Amir, Syamsul Bahri Widodo, and Akhyar Akhyar. "PENCEGAHAN PENULARAN VIRUS KORONA DEMI MENJAGA KEAMANAN DAN KENYAMANAN TENAGA MEDIS RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH (RSUD) LANGSA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN PELINDUNG WAJAH (FACE SHIELD)." Jurnal Vokasi - Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe 4, no. 2 (2020): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/vokasi.v4i2.1990.
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Dalam masa pandemi COVID-19 individu yang paling berisiko terinfeksi adalah orang yang memiliki kontak erat dengan pasien COVID-19 seperti tenaga medis rumah sakit. Sarana dan prasarana pelayanan medis sangat terbatas yang tidak sejalan dengan jumlah pasien terus membludak. Dalam hal ini perlu diberikan perhatian penuh pada keamanan dan kenyamanan tenaga medis yang terus-menerus berinteraksi langsung dengan pasien. Oleh karena itu tenaga medis membutuhkan yang namanya Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) salah satunya adalah pelindung wajah (face shield). Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah untuk memperkenalkan dan memberikan bantuan berupa face shield kepada Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Langsa yang digunakan oleh tenaga medis rumah sakit. Tahapan pelaksanaan pengabdian ini terdiri dari tahap persiapan, tahap desain face shield, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap monitoring dan evaluasi, dan tahap pelaporan. Hasilnya adalah diperoleh suatu produk face shield yang memiliki ukuran sesuai dengan kepala manusia dan penutup wajahnya dapat diganti sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Dalam pelaksanaan pegabdian, pihak rumah sakit sangat mengapresiasikan tim pengabdian dari Prodi Teknik Mesin Universitas Samudra (Unsam) yang mau membantu mendistribusikan face shield sebanyak 100 buah kepada tenaga medis RSUD Langsa. Tenaga Medis RSUD Langsa juga mengatakan face shield hasil rancangannya cukup nyaman saat dipakai. Oleh karena itu program pengabdian yang dilaksanakan Prodi Teknik Mesin Unsam tepat sasaran dan sesuai dengan harapan.
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Ul Hassan, Ehtisham, Sue-Chen Apadinuwe, Donal Bisanzio, et al. "Impact of personal protective equipment on the clarity of vision among trachoma survey graders and trichiasis surgeons in the context of COVID-19." BMJ Open Ophthalmology 8, no. 1 (2023): e001255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2023-001255.
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Background/aimsThe COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the use of personal protective equipment for those involved in trachoma survey grading and trichiasis surgery. We sought to determine which configuration of a face shield would be less likely to impact grading accuracy and ability to conduct trichiasis surgery. The research also included assessment of comfort, ease of cleaning and robustness.MethodsThere were three research phases. In phase 1, assessment of four potential face shield configurations was undertaken with principal trachoma graders and trichiasis surgeon trainers to decide which two options should undergo further testing. In phase 2, clarity of vision and comfort (in a classroom environment) of the two configurations were assessed compared with no face shield (control), while grading trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF). The second phase also included the assessment of impact of the configurations while performing trichiasis surgery using a training model. In phase 3, face shield ease of use was evaluated during routine surgical programmes.ResultsIn phase 2, 124 trachoma graders and 28 trichiasis surgeons evaluated the 2 face shield configurations selected in phase 1. TF agreement was high (kappa=0.83 and 0.82) for both configurations compared with not wearing a face shield. Comfort was reported as good by 51% and 32% of graders using the two configurations. Trichiasis skill scores were similar for both configurations.ConclusionThe face shield configuration that includes a cut-out for mounting the 2.5× magnifying loupes does not appear to impact the ability or comfort of trachoma graders or trichiasis surgeons to carry out their work.
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Xue, Fei, and Mengxi Zhang. "Failure Mode and Stability of Excavation Face on Shield Tunnel Undercrossing Existing Tunnel." Civil Engineering Journal 5, no. 9 (2019): 2070–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091394.
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The supporting pressure value of excavation face directly determines the stable state of excavation face, and its value will directly lead to instability of excavation face if the value is too small. When the shield is underneath the existing tunnel, special attention should be paid to the support pressure setting of the shield working face. When setting support pressure, the rigidity constraint of existing tunnel on surrounding soil should be fully considered. In this paper, we used ABAQUS software to analyse the failure mode of the soil around the existing tunnel due to the instability of the excavation surface caused by the small pressure setting of the excavation face, which is caused by the small pressure setting of the excavation face. By using the method of theoretical analysis, we optimized the prism in the traditional wedge model to chamfer platform with different opening angles to make it closer to the actual situation, and calculated the critical support pressure of shield tunnel face when it passes through the built tunnel. The research results can provide a reference for the effective value of support force of shield excavation face when the shield tunnel passes under the existing tunnel at a short distance.
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Wang, Mei, Chenyue Zhao, Songsong Yang, and Jingmin Xu. "Optimizing Grouting Parameters to Control Ground Deformation in the Shield Tunneling." Buildings 14, no. 9 (2024): 2799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092799.
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In urban shield tunneling, reducing the disturbance of underground construction to the surrounding environment is important for both tunnel engineers and researchers. Among other factors, the quality of synchronous grouting is one of the crucial factors affecting the safe construction of shields. In order to determine a reasonable grouting pressure and grout amount during shield construction, the relationships among synchronous grouting pressure, grout amount and shield chamber pressure are analyzed using field monitoring data. Based on the tunnel face pressure and the ultimate yield conditions of the soil at the gap edge, a method for calculating the grouting pressure considering the overburdening load of the tunnel was proposed. Then, by linking the grout amount and the grouting pressure, an accurate calculation method for the simultaneous grout amount in shield construction was proposed. These methods were then used in the construction of the Jurong shield tunnel. The results show that the adopted grouting pressure and grout amount calculated by the proposed method, which considered the change of the overburdening load of the tunnel, can well control the ground deformation caused by the shield construction and significantly reduce the uneven settlement of the surface buildings. The proposed methods in this paper may provide a reference for other shield construction projects.
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Niu, Yaliang, Tielun Ren, Qiang Zhou, et al. "Analysis of Excavation Parameters on Face Stability in Small Curvature Shield Tunnels." Sustainability 15, no. 8 (2023): 6797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15086797.
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This study investigates the face stability of small curvature shield tunnels during excavation and its relationship with various excavation parameters. The stability of the excavation face is critical to the safety and efficiency of underground construction projects. Despite the increase in the use of small curvature shield tunnels in urban areas, research works on this type of tunnel are limited and the existing literature focuses only on straight shield tunnels. This study addresses this research gap through numerical simulations, analyzing the effects of different excavation parameters such as jacking force, cutting speed, and soil conditioning on face stability. The results of the study show that the excavation parameters significantly affect face stability. The findings can be used to optimize the performance of small curvature shield tunnels and support their continued development in urban areas.
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Yang, Yuyou, Qinghong Zhou, Hongan Li, Xuegang Huang, and Xiaoming Tu. "Analysis of Face Stability during Excavation of Double-O-Tube Shield Tunnel." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/781968.
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This paper focuses on the face stability analysis of Double-O-Tube shield tunnel. This kind of analysis is significant to ensure the safety of workers and reduce the influence on the surrounding environment. The key point of the stability analysis is to determine the supporting pressure applied to the face by the shield. A collapse failure will occur when the supporting pressure is not sufficient to prevent the movement of the soil mass towards the tunnel. A three-dimensional collapse failure mechanism was presented in this paper. Based on the mechanism of a single circular shield tunnel, the mechanism of Double-O-Tube shield tunnel was established by using the fact that both of the mechanisms are symmetrical. Then by means of the kinematic theorem of limit analysis, the numerical results were obtained, and a design chart was provided. The finite difference software FLAC3D was applied to investigate the face failure mechanism of DOT shield tunnel established in this paper; the critical supporting pressures of the collapse failure mechanism in different strata (sand and silt) were calculated. Through comparative analysis, the theoretical values were very close to the numerical values. This shows that the face failure mechanism of DOT shield tunnel is reasonable, and it can be applied to the sand and silt strata.
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Li, Yang, Yuqi Ren, Nan Wang, et al. "A Novel Mining Method for Longwall Panel Face Passing through Parallel Abandoned Roadways." Shock and Vibration 2021 (June 14, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9998561.
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Mining pressure behavior in the process of longwall panel face passing through the parallel abandoned roadways (PARs) is different from the ordinary longwall panel face. It is easy to induce the accident of roof falling, coal wall spalling, and crush accident of shield. In order to reduce the occurrence of mine pressure accidents and ensure safe mining, a new mining method named “swing-inclined” mining method was proposed and was employed in the E13103 of Cuijiazhai coal mine. Based on the process of the longwall panel face passing through the PARs, a long-span and multisupport mass-structure model of the roof was established. The maximum support capacity of shield was calculated combined with stability relation between “roof-shield-PAR-‘similar pillar (SP)’-coal wall.” It provided the basis for determining the reasonable support capacity of shield. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis of influenced factors to the maximum support capacity of shield was carried out by using Matlab software. The sensitivity analysis results indicated that different factors had a different effect on the support capacity of shield. And, the process of passing through the PARs can be divided into 3 stages, depending on the relation between support capacity of shield and width of SP. In different stages, the change degree of support capacity of shield was different. The support capacity of shield is mainly influenced by the hanging distance of the main roof and the horizontal distance between the support point of the coal wall and the breaking position of the main roof. By on-site measurement, the sensitivity analysis results were verified.
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Dai, Chunquan, Hongtao Sui, and Chao Ma. "Study on the Ultimate Supporting Force of Shield Excavation Face Based on Anisotropic Strength Theory." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (2020): 5222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155222.
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The determination of the ultimate supporting force of the shield excavation face is an important problem to be solved in shield construction. Considering that the tunnel burial depth ratio has a significant effect on the instability mode of the excavation face, the classic “wedge-prism” limit equilibrium model is improved. Based on the rotation effect of principal stress axis, the Casagrande anisotropic strength equation is introduced into the modified limit equilibrium model of “wedge-prism”, and then the limit equilibrium solution of the ultimate supporting force of shield excavation face in anisotropic soil is deduced. Finally, the influence of each calculation parameter on the ultimate supporting force is analyzed by examples. The research results show that the results of the modified “wedge-prism” calculation model proposed in this paper are slightly larger than those of the centrifugal test. If the influence of the instability mode of excavation face and the anisotropy of soil strength on ultimate supporting force of the shield excavation face is not taken into account, the calculation result will be unsafe. The limit supporting force of shield tunnel excavation surface has a simple linear relationship with the anisotropy ratio. When the anisotropy ratio is greater than 1, the ultimate supporting force of shield excavation face decreases first and then tends to be stable with an increase in the buried depth ratio. When the anisotropy ratio is less than 1, the law is reversed. The more obvious the anisotropy of soil strength, the greater the rate of change of ultimate supporting force. The limit supporting force of the shield excavation face decreases linearly with the exertion of loosening earth pressure, linearly decreases with the increase in soil cohesion, and decreases nonlinearly with the increase in the angle of internal friction in soil. The relevant conclusions will provide theoretical guidance for controlling the reasonable chamber pressure of shield tunneling, and ensure the safety of construction.
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Bukauskas, Aurimas, Antiopi Koronaki, Ting-Uei Lee, et al. "Curved-crease origami face shields for infection control." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0245737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245737.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has created enormous global demand for personal protective equipment (PPE). Face shields are an important component of PPE for front-line workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, providing protection of the face from splashes and sprays of virus-containing fluids. Existing face shield designs and manufacturing procedures may not allow for production and distribution of face shields in sufficient volume to meet global demand, particularly in Low and Middle-Income countries. This paper presents a simple, fast, and cost-effective curved-crease origami technique for transforming flat sheets of flexible plastic material into face shields for infection control. It is further shown that the design could be produced using a variety of manufacturing methods, ranging from manual techniques to high-volume die-cutting and creasing. This demonstrates the potential for the design to be applied in a variety of contexts depending on available materials, manufacturing capabilities and labour. An easily implemented and flexible physical-digital parametric design methodology for rapidly exploring and refining variations on the design is presented, potentially allowing others to adapt the design to accommodate a wide range of ergonomic and protection requirements.
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Beng Gan, Kok. "FACE SHIELD@UKM: An Initiative by UKM To Protect Our Frontliner During Covid-19 Pandemic." International Journal on Robotics, Automation and Sciences 4 (July 8, 2022): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33093/ijoras.2022.4.5.
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COVID-19 is a threatening pandemic to human being worldwide. Many of frontliner being infected in many ways. Private protective equipment (PPE) is a must to wear by all the medical personal when handling the COVID or treating the contagious patients. In normal circumstances, PPEs are easily available from medical suppliers. However, it there is disease outbreak like this COVID-19 and worldwide are affected, face shields are in high demand. Traditional process may not be able to cope with the sudden surge of the demand as well as the raw material. Manpower and factory accessibility are other factors as most of the country practise social distance through restriction movement order or completely lock down the town. To overcome this problem, rapid prototyping tools such as 3D printing and laser cutting methods are the promising method in producing the medical shields for our medical frontliner in battling the Covid-19 outbreak in Malaysia. To keep this in mind that this effort should be an alternative or interim method while waiting for actual PPE to arrive. With this grant and contribution from various parties (NCWO/Faculty member), we have produced a total of 1834 pieces of 3D printed face shield. The location of the face shield recipients are from a total of 18 hospital and health clinics.
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Clough, G. Wayne, and Eric Leca. "EPB Shield Tunneling in Mixed Face Conditions." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 119, no. 10 (1993): 1640–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1993)119:10(1640).
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Bogetz, Jori F. "Behind This Face Shield, I See You." Journal of Palliative Medicine 23, no. 6 (2020): 870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2020.0187.
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&NA;. "Coverall Full Face Shield by BFD, Inc." Orthopaedic Nursing 8, no. 3 (1989): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006416-198905000-00031.
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Balthaus, H. "Tunnel face stability in slurry shield tunnelling." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 28, no. 6 (1991): A391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(91)91611-t.
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de Oliveira e Silva, Ana Cristina, Wynne Pereira Nogueira, Elucir Gir, Sandra Aparecida de Almeida, Bárbara Iansã de Lima Barroso, and Maria Eliane Moreira Freire. "Limiting factors of face shield use for health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic." Work 70, no. 2 (2021): 355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-210542.
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BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-COV2, a highly transmissible and pathogenic viral infection, and was identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Three months later, it became a severe pandemic. OBJECTIVE: To identify scientific evidence on the use of face shields by health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic period. METHOD: An integrative literature review of articles obtained from PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Web of Science databases was undertaken. For the search, controlled, non-controlled descriptors and specific keywords: “face shield,” “fluid resistance procedure,” “respiratory infections,” “healthcare workers,” “COVID-19,” “aerosols,” and “personal protection infection” were used. RESULTS: The sample comprised seven studies. The available evidence has shown that face shields do not have a defined standard for their production—their effectiveness depends on the quality of the visor, structure, and fixation system. They must be used as adjuvants to other personal protective equipment (PPE), and their isolated use is not recommended due to the fragilities of peripheral face sealing, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic period. CONCLUSION: Due to the shortage of this equipment, domestic face shields can be indicated if they meet production requirements, based on scientific evidence for their efficient use.
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Puspa, Egita Windrianatama, Heribertus Agustinus B.Tena, Fery Setiawan, Mieke Sylvia Amiatun Ruth, and Ahmad Yudianto. "Analysis of time exposure to DNA touch quality on face shield using STR CODIS – TH01 and D18S51." Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium 10, no. 2 (2022): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v10i2.287.
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A number of countries, including Indonesia, have taken preventive measures and made efforts to break the chain of the spread of COVID-19. The impact of government policies is felt in the economic sector, which causes many people to lose their jobs but is required to meet the needs of daily life. This affects the increase in crime rates during the pandemic, which coincides with the government's policy to implement health protocols by using face shields outside the home. This allows the discovery of evidence in the form of a face shield to be identified through DNA touch. This type of research is experimental analytic with a time-series design. This study aims to analyze the effect of exposure to the environmental temperature range of 28.2 oC - 29.3 oC and humidity range of 88 - 94.2% on the quality of DNA touch on the face shield by giving the 1st, 7th, and 14th-day duration treatment using STR CODIS. TH01 and D18S5. The result is an effect of prolonged exposure time on DNA quality, as evidenced by the Anova test with p < 0.05.