Relevant bibliographies by topics / Face Threatening Acts (FTA)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Face Threatening Acts (FTA)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Face Threatening Acts (FTA)"

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Angginie, Viren Aulia, Tika Santika, and Ula Nisa El fauziah. "ANALYSIS ABOUT POLITENESS IN “BARBIE AS THE PRINCESS AND THE PAUPER MOVIE”." PROJECT (Professional Journal of English Education) 2, no. 3 (May 11, 2019): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/project.v2i3.p310-318.

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Abstract Pragmatics aims to give an overview of the politeness principles, to describe and to explain the types and functions of Face Threatening Act (FTA) and Face Saving Act (FSA) use in relation with politeness in the conversation by the characters in Barbie as The Princess and The Pauper movie. The oral utterances are analyzed and interpreted descriptively based on Brown and Levinson’s Face Threatening Acts theory and George Yule’s theory. This research employs descriptive qualitative method and supported by percentage calculation. To collect the data, the researchers use some steps; collecting the conversation by watching it and listening the conversations carefully, use fields note. Finally, the result of the research shows there are two kinds of FTA and FSA that used by the characters, negative FTA and positive FTA and FSA. In Barbie as the Princess and the Pauper movie, the data shows the using of FTA talked by Princess Anneliese is 3,6% and by Preminger is 5% . It shows that Preminger more dominants in using FTA than Princess Anneliese. About FSA, Princess Anneliese is 3,6% and Preminger is 6,8%. Preminger likes to talk in FSA ways and Princess Anneliese as same as in using FTA and FSA.Keywords: Politeness, Face Threatening Act, Face Saving Act, Barbie Movie.
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García Martínez, Isabel. "A study of (im)politeness on the Facebook pages of the main Spanish political parties: the gender variable and face acts." Textos en Proceso 5, no. 1 (June 3, 2019): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17710/tep.2019.5.1.2igarciamartinez.

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This study aims to find out which gender has the greatest participation in the Facebook pages of the 5 main Spanish political parties: Partido Socialista Obrero Español (PSOE), Partido Popular (PP), Ciudadanos, Unidos Podemos and Vox and whether gender-based behavior differs with regards to face flattering acts (FFA) and face threatening acts (FTA). For this reason, a metric analysis of the electoral campaign of the general elections of the year 2019 has been prepared and a corpus of 2500 comments has been collected during the last day, on 26th of April.
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AJAYI, Temitope Michael, Oluwatosin AJAYI, and Rahidat Temitope FASHINA. "NIGERIA: FACE ACTS IN ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION TELEVISION PROGRAM. THE CASE OF IGBIMO IPETU." Conflict Studies Quarterly 36 (July 5, 2021): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/csq.36.1.

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The concept of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) has largely been under explored from the linguistic lens, particularly in the Nigerian context. This study thus provides a scholarly intervention in this regard. Drawing insights from Brown and Levinson’s face theory, four randomly sampled recordings of Ìgbìmo Ìpètù, an alternative dispute resolution television programme on the Ekiti State Television (EKTV) in southwestern Nigeria was analysed in this study. Focus was placed on the face acts as well as their pragmatic functions in the programme. Findings revealed that bald on-record face-threatening acts (FTA), bald off-record FTA and positive face acts characterized the discursive interaction of participants on the programme. While bald onrecord and off-record FTAs were deployed by the panel to criticize and condemn actions considered unsavory on the part of complainants and the accused, complainants and accused persons deployed on-record FTAs to protest/redress the panel’s decisions found unacceptable. The panel used positive face acts as a general principle in the interaction, particularly with cooperative accused persons, while accused persons deployed positive face acts to negotiate the discursive interaction and for face-damage repair. Keywords: Alternative dispute resolution, dispute and media, face acts.
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Rahmansyah, Sutiadi, Tajudin Nur, Davidescu Cristiana Victoria Marta, and Lia Maulia Indrayani. "The Impact of Face Threatening Acts on Hearer (The Wife) Face in A Household Conflict: A Pragmatic Study." ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34050/els-jish.v3i1.9427.

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Conflict is a problem that is often faced in daily life, including husband and wife. Conflict in the household can lead to positive and negative things such as a divorce or violence in a household. The problem of conflict is closely related to the threat of “face” or a person self-esteem. The purpose of this article is to study the impact of face experienced by hearer (wife) in a household conflict that is particularly occurred on wife after her husband performs Face Threatening Acts. The method used in this research was qualitative, descriptive methods, i.e. it gives descriptive result about the impact of Face Threatening Acts usage and strategies in a household conflict obtained from several popular psychology books. The results showed that in general the impact of FTA used by a husband against his wife in the household conflict caused face loss on behalf of his wife (the loss of self-esteem). This happened because her feelings were more dominant and she generally avoided a conflict that could trigger further disputes with her husband to maintain her household.
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Wahid, Lokman Abd. "THE ACQUISITION OF PRAGMATIC DIMENSION IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF MALAY: AN EARLY REVIEW." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 15, no. 2 (December 3, 2015): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v15i2.1237.

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AbstractThis study is focussing on the acquisition of pragmatic structure in the first language parameter, particularly in Malay. The pragmatic structure assumes that a speaker innately has a choice for Face Threatening Acts (FTA's) in his construction of sentences for a particular conversation. The structure of FTA’s are Bald On-Record (BOR), Negative Politeness (NP), Positive Politeness (PP), and Off-Record-indirect strategy (OR). From the pragmatic perspective, each of the FTA’s consists of a certain purpose. To look at the competency of pragmatic acquisition structure, subjects of this study were exposed through classroom interactions based on three learning outcomes. For each learning outcome, subjects were given six situations which totalling to 18 situations for all the three learning outcomes mentioned. Each situations demands subjects to discuss and interact using the FTA’s that they have already acquired. The study shows that in regard of the acquisition of FTA’s among subjects, BOR acquired the highest score, followed by PP, NP, and OR in all the six situations undergone by the subjects. Keywords: Face Threatening Acts (FTA’s), language acquisition, pragmatic AbstrakPenelitian ini berfokus pada akuisisi struktur pragmatis dalam parameter bahasa pertama, terutama dalam bahasa Melayu. Struktur pragmatis berasumsi bahwa seorang penutur memiliki pilihan untuk Tindak Tutur yang Mengancam Muka (Face Threatening Acts/FTA) dalam konstruksi kalimatnya dalam percakapan tertentu. Struktur FTA adalah Bald On-Record (BOR), Kesopanan Negatif (Negative Politeness/NP), Kesopanan Positif (Positive Politeness/PP), dan strategi tidak langsung Off-Record (OR). Dari perspektif pragmatis, masing-masing dari FTA mengandung tujuan tertentu. Untuk melihat kompetensi akuisisi struktur pragmatis, subyek penelitian ini mengikuti interaksi kelas berdasarkan tiga hasil belajar. Untuk setiap hasil belajar, mata pelajaran diberi enam situasi sebanyak 18 situasi untuk ketiga hasil belajar yang disebutkan. Setiap situasi menuntut subyek untuk membahas dan berinteraksi menggunakan FTA yang telah mereka peroleh. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam hal akuisisi FTA, BOR memperoleh skor tertinggi, diikuti oleh PP, NP, dan OR dalam semua enam situasi yang dialami oleh subyek.Kata kunci: Tindak tutur mengancam muka (FTA), penguasaan bahasa, pragmatis
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Pramesti, Putu Dewi Merlyna Yuda, N. L. Sutjiati Beratha, Made Budiarsa, and I. Nengah Sudipa. "The Role of Indonesian Caregivers’ Nonverbal Elements and Face Threatening Acts toward the Aged." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 9, no. 9 (September 1, 2019): 1243. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0909.23.

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This study aimed at finding out the role of Indonesian caregivers’ nonverbal elements and its relation to the face saving of the aged. This study was part of the author’s dissertation research that took the theme of Indonesian caregivers’ language politeness when they worked as caregivers for the aged in Japan. In this article the concept introduced by Brown & Levinson (1978, 1987) on FTA (Face Threatening Act) is used as the concept in the process of analysis beside the concept from Ekman and Friesen (1969) on nonverbal language. Qualitative method was used in this study and the data used were primary data in the form of the Indonesian caregivers’ utterances in their communication with the aged. The Indonesian caregivers who were used as the subjects consisted of 68 and all of them worked in the regions of Yokohama, Toyohashi, and Okayama. From the data analysis it was found that there were 11 types of nonverbal language which belonged to the emblems group, namely (1) eye contact, (2) smiling, (3) holding hand, (4) leaning forward, (5) lowering body position, (6) affirmative nodding, (7) gesture, (8) hugging, (9) patting shoulder, (10) interpersonal space, and (11) therapeutic touch. From the result of the analysis of the interviews with the aged it was concluded that all of these eleven nonverbal elements did not threat the faces of the aged and the use of the nonverbal elements could play the role as a mitigation of the threat towards the faces of the aged.
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Tur, Ajar Pradika Ananta. "THE REALIZATION OF POLITENESS IN �A DOLL�S HOUSE� SCRIPT." EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.1.2.115-128.

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Politeness is considered to be important in the communication. When thepeople are communicating to one another, they are expected to keep thesocial relationship and do not violate another face or called as facethreatening acts (FTAs). This research investigated the realization ofpoliteness in a drama script entitled �A Doll�s House� by Henrik Ibsen. Itaims to classify the drama conversation parts into some categorizations ofpoliteness and to analyze why they differ in the context. In its nature, theresearch applied qualitative concepts. Two conversation parts in the firstact of the script were chosen to be the objects of the research. Thesequalitative data were then analyzed and categorized using Goffman�scategorizations of Face Threatening Act (FTA): FTA off record and FTA onrecord (with sub-classes: FTA on-baldly, FTA on record-with negativepoliteness, and FTA on record-with positive politeness). From the analyses,it was concluded that there were some parts belonging to FTA off recordand some belonging to the FTA on record with positive politeness. The firstdata analysis explained much about FTA off record. On the contrary, FTAon record with positive politeness was portrayed in the second analysis. Itshows that people tend to save their inter-interlocutors� face by usingindirect request, off record, as far as they understand what the speakerswant to. The on record will work if only the first one does not work.Keywords: Politeness, FTA off-record, FTA-on record
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Biria, Reza, Sayed Mirhossein Hosseini Pozveh, and Bahar Rajabi. "Improving Oral Fluency of EFL Students with Different Proficiency Levels through Explicit Instruction of Face Threatening Strategies." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 7, no. 10 (October 1, 2017): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0710.16.

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Meaning and interaction are the essential parts of socialization process in which the interlocutors try to mitigate and control the negative impact of face threatening acts. As such, the main objective of the present study was to determine whether explicit instruction of FTA strategies could lead to the improvement of EFL students’ oral fluency with different proficiency levels. To achieve this end, from the targeted population of 350 undergraduate students majoring in English translation at Isfahan (Khorasgan) Islamic Azad University, a sample of 100 intermediate and advanced students, 50 each, were chosen based on their scores on an OPT test. They were subsequently divided into four equal groups who were homogenized in terms of their oral fluency scores on an IELTS interview test used as the pre-test groups. From the four targeted groups, only the intermediate and advanced samples received the explicit instruction on FTA strategies whereas the no treatment groups were taught by a conventional approach. At the end of the treatment all samples were exposed to the post-test, a parallel form of another IELTS interview exam. The results indicated that the groups taught by explicit instruction of FTA strategies considerably outperformed those who had been taught by the conventional method.
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Moghaddam, Masoume Khodaei, Mahmoud Elyasi, and Shahla Sharifi. "“Xaste Nabâši(D)” As A Culture Specific Speech Act In Persian." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN LINGUISTICS 4, no. 1 (May 18, 2014): 269–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jal.v4i1.5207.

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As different cultures have different speech acts and some cases of unsuccessful communication are due to the differences among the cultural patterns of speech acts, knowledge of these speech acts can help people to communicate more successfully. In this regard, the present paper ,based on Brown and Levinson Politeness Theory (1987), examines and analyzes œxaste nabi(d) speech act in Persian language to come up with the functions it serves in the Iranian Persian-speaking community for those non-Persian speakers who want to speak or learn Persian. For this purpose, some native speakers of Persian language from different ages and different groups were ­observed in such natural settings as markets, shops, the streets, and parties and their speech was recorded; then transcribed and translated into English, finally, the data was analyzed qualitatively. The results show that, there are seven major functions of xaste nabi(d) in Persian which are as follows: In literal meaning of "not being exhausted or tired", phatic communication, greeting and sometimes to bid farewell, mitigating request, to state indirectly end of a work or an activity, thanking and blaming. Finally, it is worth noting that we can define politeness in Persian language as using such politeness expressions (”xaste nabi(d) not only for mitigating face threatening act (FTA), but also for face enhancing act (FEA) and successful interaction and communication. So incompatible with politeness definition of Brown and Levinson (1987) who consider politeness simply as a means of mitigating FTA, politeness in Persian is defined as FEA too.
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Astia, Idda. "Politeness Strategy in Interlanguage Pragmatics of Complaints by International Students." IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics) 4, no. 2 (May 22, 2020): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v4i2.528.

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The study aims to investigate the speech acts of international students in Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya in giving complaints. This study focuses on the complaint speech acts and the politeness strategy which are produced by International students who have different cultural background. This study used qualitative approach because it observed the complaints speech acts of International students in applying the politeness strategy. There were four participants consist of three males and one female. They came from Mexico, Thailand, East Timor and Togo. The data were taken by purposive sampling. The data contained the complaints which were delivered by the international students conducted through chatting on WhatsApp. Those were collected, categorized, analyzed and concluded. Finally, it is inferred that complaint speech acts which used by showing irritation or disapproval expression and blame. Thus, in politeness strategy, social distance (age and status) and cultural background induce the way of giving complaints. Bald on record politeness strategy is used in the culture which has directness term. Moreover, negative politeness is applied by the complainer who has culture in indirectness term. Bald on record politeness strategy has the chance for face threatening acts (FTA) in the other hand, negative politeness strategy can avoid the FTA.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Face Threatening Acts (FTA)"

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Jansson, Lisa, and Emelie Höglund. "Logopeders samtal med närstående till en person med afasi : En samtalsanalys." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119119.

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I institutionella samtal såsom närståendesamtal mellan en logoped, en närstående till en person med afasi och personen med afasi råder en asymmetri gällande maktförhållandet. Asymmetrin som uppstår i det institutionella samtalet kan innebära att samtalsdeltagaren med minst makt upplever ansiktshot. I samtal ses förståelse som en dynamisk process och när förståelsen innebär ett problem i konversationen störs den pågående aktiviteten. Mottagaren kan lösa problemet som uppstått genom att ge talaren en candidate understanding. Hur kommunikativa strategier används i närståendesamtal är ett relativt obeforskat område och ett viktigt område då närståendesamtal är en vanligt förekommande för logopeder. Syftet med föreliggande studie var därför att undersöka ett antal kommunikativa strategier för att få en gemensam förståelse och minska ansiktshot  vid delgivning av testresultat och rådgivning i närståendesamtal. Tre närståendesamtal mellan logopeder, närstående och i två fall personer med afasi spelades in, transkriberades och analyserades enligt samtalsanalytiska principer (CA). Två logopeder, tre närstående och två personer med afasi medverkade i studien. Totalt omfattade det inspelade materialet en timma och 37 minuter. Deltagande logopeder fick även fylla i ett frågeformulär. Strategier för avdramatisering och förståelse identifierades. Strategierna delades in i två kategorier; avdramatisering av råd och förmedling av testresultat och candidate understandings för att uppnå förståelse. I studien framkom det att candidate understandings ofta initierades av den närstående. Det framkom även att de positiva testresultaten som förmedlades inte avdramatiserades samt att dessa istället ofta framhävdes och att face threatenings acts vid delgivning av negativa testresultat ofta avdramatiserades med hedging.
In institutional interactions such as conversations between a speech and language therapist, a person closely related to a person with aphasia and the individual with aphasia there is an asymmetry considering the power. The asymmetry arising in institutional interactions may mean that the participant with the least power will experience a face threatening act. Understanding is seen as a dynamic process and when understanding is a problem in the conversation the ongoing activity is disturbed. The receiver can solve the problem by giving the speaker a candidate understanding. How these strategies are used in conversations between a speech and language therapist with a person closely related to a person with aphasia is a relatively unexplored field and an important area which is a common for speech therapists. The aim of the present study was to investigate a number of communication strategies in the conversation with a person closely related to a person with aphasia; how understanding was reached and how face threatening acts were reduced when the speech therapists delivered test results and gave counseling. Three conversations between speech and language therapists, persons closely related to a person with aphasia and in two of the recordings the person with aphasia were recorded, transcribed and analyzed according to principles of Conversation Analysis (CA). Two speech and language therapists, three persons closely related to a person with aphasia and two persons with aphasia participated in the study. In total, the recorded material is one hour and 37 minutes. Participating speech and language therapists also filled in a questionnaire. Strategies for mitigation and understanding were identified. The strategies were divided into two categories; strategies to mitigate FTA:s when delivering the test results and counseling, the other categorie was the use of candidate understandings for gaining an mutual understanding. The study revealed that candidate understandings were often initiated by the person closely related to a person with aphasia. The study also revealed that the test results with positive outcome where not mitigated and often emphasized and test results that could be perceived as negative were mitigated with hedging.
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Murakami, Miki. "A Study of Compensation for Face-Threatening Acts in Service Encounters in Japan and the United States." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/381.

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This study examines how people compensate for their inability to accommodate the needs of others in service encounters. Being unable to meet others' needs violates the positive face of one of the participants in a discourse. Many previous studies on speech acts demonstrate how people control their utterances to avoid causing a face-threatening act. However, the language behavior that follows a face-threatening act has not yet received much focus. This paper looks at two different kinds of data in Japan and the United State (hereafter "U.S.") using two different approaches: observation and role-play. In the first, the observational phase, the author acted as a customer in several convenience stores in Japan and asked for an item that they did not carry. In the U.S., a native English speaker interacted with the salesclerk as the customer. (No recording device was used in either situation.) All exchanges were immediately recorded by hand and later coded by semantic formulas. In the second, the role-play phase, native speakers were asked to role-play a parallel situation in which they acted as a salesclerk and had to react to not being able to satisfy customers' requests. The results demonstrate that Japanese sales clerks compensate in the face of their inability to meet another's need (they avoid a direct face-threatening act) whereas most U.S. sales clerks do not attempt to compensate for their inability. These behaviors correlate with social expectations of the participants within both respective service encounters. Moreover, the results also suggest a re-thinking of speech acts and emphasize the importance of natural data.
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Remnesjö, Per-Olof. ""Bra jobbat!" : En undersökning av gymnasieelevers skriftliga kamratrespons." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för svenska språket (SV), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-33923.

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The chief aim of this study is to investigate the impact of context on written peer response. A second aim is to explore students’ attitudes towards peer response. The investigation has taken place at an upper secondary school in the south-east of Sweden, involving 20 students in grade 2 and 3 in the course Swedish C. The investigation is based on the students’ comments on their peers’ speech drafts and six qualitative interviews. The material embraces 211 comments, all of which are analysed by use of methods from SFL. The theoretical frame is founded on Grice’s (1975) principle of communication and Brown & Levinson’s (1987) principle of politeness. The investigation shows, among other things, that in the choice between giving effective response (according to the principle of communication), or giving response that maintain the social balance (according to the principle of politeness), the students in general choose the latter. This is reflected in the results of the linguistic analysis and confirmed in the six interviews.
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Ekelund, Christopher. "Being polite : An experimental study of request strategies in Swedish EFL classes." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för didaktik och lärares praktik (DLP), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-81188.

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In a world which continuously becomes more globalised, the need to adapt one's language depending on context becomes increasingly important. This is acknowledged in the Swedish syllabus for the upper-secondary school, which emphasises communicative competence and the need to adapt to situation and hearer. This study uses a foundation based on politeness theory, where the act of requesting is considered a threat to the notion of face. The concept of face that is being used is based on the work of Brown and Levinson (1987) and the idea is that everyone has a positive- and negative face where the former is the need for one’s self-image to be respected and the latter is the freedom to act without imposition from others. By role-playing different scenarios, the participants of the study, all students of the English 7 course, were asked to perform requests which varied in imposition and which targeted hearers of different statuses. The results were analysed using a qualitative approach, which leads to the conclusion that half of the six participants adapted their language appropriately to the communicative situation. Those three had managed to show an increase in face-saving acts where the imposition was greater, or the hearer was of a higher status. That only half of the participants managed to do this shows a lack of success in teaching the students the necessary pragmatic skills encoded in the syllabus and more focused studies in this area are recommended to address this issue. Due to the small number of participants, further studies are needed to fully confirm the results presented in this study.
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Wallner, Maria, and Sarah Weström. "Avdramatiserande strategier i logopedisk intervention : En samtalsanalytisk studie." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Logopedi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67587.

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Syftet med föreliggande studie var att studera de avdramatiserande strategier som förekommer under logopedisk afasi- och barnintervention samt att jämföra dessa interventionstyper. Vidare syftade studien till att beskriva hur dessa strategier påverkar interaktionen mellan logoped och patient. Vald analysmetod har influerats av Conversation Analysis (CA) eftersom det är en metod som kan användas för studier av interaktionen mellan människor. Materialet för analysen har utgjorts av sex samtal inom afasiintervention och åtta samtal inom barnintervention. Vid analysen av materialet till föreliggande studie blev det tydligt att det främst är logopeden som använde avdramatiserande strategier och detta skedde något oftare inom barnintervention än inom afasiintervention. I samma material var det relativt ovanligt att patienten använde avdramatiserande strategier. I de fall detta förekom bland patienter var det för att skydda sitt eget ansikte, till skillnad från logopedens användning som främst syftade till att skydda patientens ansikte. I resultaten framkom inga större skillnader gällande vilka avdramatiserande strategier som användes, däremot fanns skillnader i hur ofta de användes samt i hur de tillämpades. En annan tydlig skillnad vid jämförelse av interventionstyperna var att logopeden inom barnintervention oftare använde en stigande grundton som en artighetsstrategi, vilket i vissa situationer fungerar avdramatiserande. Gällande interaktionen ser de avdramatiserande strategierna till att samtalet fungerar och förs framåt inom de båda interventionstyperna. Behovet av de avdramatiserande strategierna blev tydligt när de inte fungerade och patienten till följd av detta upplevde ansiktshot. Sammanfattningsvis låg den största skillnaden mellan de studerade interventionstyperna i hur logopeden anpassade de olika strategierna till en vuxen person med afasi respektive ett barn med språkstörning.
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Kikamba, Simao Luyikumu. "Face orientations in Athol Fugard's The road to Mecca, My Children! My Africa and Valley Song." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22165.

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This dissertation seeks to address the multiple ways face or one’s public self-image is attacked, supported and maintained in Athol Fugard’s The Road to Mecca, My Children! My Africa! and Valley Song, and through this discussion demonstrate how the notion of face can make a contribution to the study and understanding of Athol Fugard’s work. In the pursuit of their goals/objectives, interactants perform speech acts which may threaten the face of other participants. The choice of strategies available to participants in the performance of these face-threatening acts (FTAs) includes going on record, off record (indirectly) or avoiding the FTA altogether (saying nothing). Each text offers a fresh perspective from which face can be analysed: rebelliousness against conformism (The Road to Mecca); the perspective of the cross-racial, cross-cultural relationships (My Children! My Africa!); and the context of a closely-knit family relationship (Valley Song).
English Studies
M.A. (Theory of Literature)
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Guan, Xiaowen. "Face and facework in well-meaning clashes how Americans manage face threatening acts in intercultural communication /." Diss., 2008.

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Hu, Hsiu-li, and 胡琇莉. "A Study on Strategy Use of EFL High School Students in the Face-threatening Speech Acts." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11221185333322737445.

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碩士
國立中正大學
外國語文研究所
92
This study investigated Taiwanese students'' strategy use in four face-threatening acts: request, apology, advice, and refusal before and after instruction on pragmatic strategies. The MCQ (multiple-choice questionnaire) pre-test was administered before instruction to examine Taiwanese students'' preferences for strategy use in English. After instruction, the MCQ post-test was administered to examine Taiwanese students'' learning outcomes. The results showed that indirect strategies of giving advice were the most difficult pragmatic strategies and refusal strategies were the second most difficult pragmatic strategies for Taiwanese students before and after instruction on pragmatic strategies. It is possible that Taiwanese students regard giving advice as appropriate ways to build relationship with others or to show concern for them. And among the four face-threatening speech acts, the speech act of refusal requires the most strategies and Taiwanese students may have difficulties telling the subtle differences of the strategies. Although there might be some individual differences toward the pragmatic strategies, it is worth noting that misunderstandings may happen unintentionally between Taiwanese and Americans because of cultural differences in strategy use.
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9

Hung, Chia-Yu, and 洪佳宇. "Unfolding Cultural Values Hidden in Taiwan Rap Songs from the Linguistic Point of View: Codes-witching and Face-threatening Speech Acts." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rp79yb.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
應用英文系
106
Codes-switching (hereafter CS) deployed in conversations and songs indexes some rights and obligations sets stimulated by one’s cultural and historical meanings of the languages (Myers-Scotton, 1993; Bentahila and Davies, 2002). Rap music in Taiwan, a music genre lying between spoken form and literary form, inherits the rebellious and confronting attributes from its Afro-American predecessor, and also blends in the traits of the spoken and literary CS. Additionally, in a confronting scenario, CS can be adopted as a strategy for face-attacking to gain control in a conversation (Gross, 2000) or as mitigation to deal with it (Su, 2001). Grounded on these previous studies, 579 tokens of code-switching in Taiwan rap music were used to examine the CS employed in each kind of emotional tones of face-threatening lyrics to see the purposes and functions of CS stimulated by the rap performer’s cultural values. The findings show that marked codes not only serve as the lexical borrowing (Albakry and Hacock, 2008) or poetic functions (Davies & Bentahila, 2008) such as rhyming. Code-switching expressions also asserts different emotions to intensify the certain moods to attain face-threatening acts. Further, it could cause damage to face through either overturn (Gross, 2000) or consolidate the power disparity between speakers and hearers to claim the authority of utterances.
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Pohludková, Alena. "Převod mluvních aktů ohrožujících tvář na příkladu simultánního tlumočení projevů v Evropském parlamentu." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-415459.

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This theoretical-empirical paper researches how simultaneous interpreters work with face threatening acts (FTAs). For this purpose we researched how FTAs that we identified in speeches given by native Spanish speakers at the European Parliament's plenary sittings are interpreted into Czech and English. This paper has been inspired by the study of Cédric Magnifico and Bart Defrancq from the University of Ghent "Impoliteness in Interpreting: A Question of Gender?" in which they carry out a similar research. In their study the authors research the simultaneous interpretation of French speeches given at the European Parliament's plenary sittings into English and Dutch in order to find out whether interpreters really engage in face work - by face work they mean mitigating (potential) FTAs. In this paper, however, we aimed at answering a more general research question: "How do simultaneous interpreters handle face threatening acts when interpreting at the European Parliament's plenaries?" Researching the interpretation of FTAs into two target languages, moreover, can show whether face work is influenced by the cultural norms used in the community of the target language. Even though some of our findings come close to those of Magnifico and Defrancq's, some are considerably different. Magnifico and...
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Books on the topic "Face Threatening Acts (FTA)"

1

Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad., ed. An analysis of upward influence strategies using speech act theory and face threatening acts. Ahmedabad: Indian Institute of Management, 2004.

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Liao, Chao-chih. After being refused: Response to face-threatening speech acts. 1994.

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Kommunikation, Image und Höflichkeit. Das Prinzip von Face-threatening-acts nach Goffman, Brown & Levinson (German Edition). GRIN Publishing, 2011.

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Jarkey, Nerida. Imperatives and commands in Japanese. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803225.003.0008.

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This chapter examines the forms and usage of imperatives and command strategies in contemporary standard Japanese. Although commands are highly face-threatening acts in any language, speakers of Japanese encounter particular challenges in using them in socially acceptable ways. Commands are generally only given to those considered ‘below’ the speaker in the social hierarchy, and are normally considered appropriate only when used toward ‘in-group’ members. Further restrictions relate to the identity the speaker wishes to convey. Numerous command strategies have emerged to avoid using the most direct imperative forms, and some of these strategies have gradually come to be reinterpreted as imperative forms themselves, suggesting a loss of their original euphemistic qualities. Furthermore, when issuing commands, speakers often go to considerable lengths to soften the face threat, for example by giving reasons for the command, adding markers of hesitancy, or softening illocutionary particles, and using appropriate honorific language forms.
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Book chapters on the topic "Face Threatening Acts (FTA)"

1

Heinrich, Peter. "Face Threatening Act (FTA)." In Wörterbuch der Mikropolitik, 75. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-11890-9_32.

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Conlan, Christopher J. "Face threatening acts, primary face threatening acts, and the management of discourse." In Broadening the Horizon of Linguistic Politeness, 129–44. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.139.13con.

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López Martín, José M. "Argumentation and face-threatening acts." In A Gender-based Approach to Parliamentary Discourse, 77–92. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.68.05lop.

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Beebe, Leslie M., and Tomoko Takahashi. "Sociolinguistic Variation in Face-Threatening Speech Acts." In The Dynamic Interlanguage, 199–218. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0900-8_13.

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Bloch, Charlotte. "Negative Acts and Bullying: Face-Threatening Acts, Social Bonds and Social Place." In Emotionalizing Organizations and Organizing Emotions, 126–46. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230289895_7.

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Mollin, Sandra. "The use of face-threatening acts in the construction of in- and out-group identities in British parliamentary debates." In The Discursive Construction of Identities On- and Offline, 205–26. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.78.09mol.

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Sifianou, Maria, and Angeliki Tzanne. "Face, Facework and Face-Threatening Acts." In The Cambridge Handbook of Sociopragmatics, 249–71. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108954105.015.

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Cordella, Marisa. "“No, No, I Haven’t Been Taking It Doctor”: Noncompliance, Face-Saving, and Face- Threatening Acts in Medical Consultations 1." In Research on Politeness in the Spanish-Speaking World, 191–212. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315088822-13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Face Threatening Acts (FTA)"

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Yuliarti, Monika, Likha Anggreni, and Prahastiwi Utari. "Women and Social Media: How Face Threatening Acts of Female Indonesian Instagram Users be Portrayed?" In Procedings of the 1st ICA Regional Conference, ICA 2019, October 16-17 2019, Bali, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.16-10-2019.2304351.

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Reports on the topic "Face Threatening Acts (FTA)"

1

Murakami, Miki. A Study of Compensation for Face-Threatening Acts in Service Encounters in Japan and the United States. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.381.

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