Relevant bibliographies by topics / Facial Nerve

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Facial Nerve'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Facial Nerve"

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Gaivoronsky, Alexey I., Bogdan V. Skaliitchouk, Vyacheslav V. Vinogradov, Dmitriy E. Alekseev, and Dmitriy V. Svistov. "Variants of facial nerve neurotization." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 24, no. 1 (April 20, 2022): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma90966.

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This study presents facial nerve neurotization, a common method of surgical treatment of facial muscle paralysis. In this surgical procedure, a trunk or some portions of individual fibers are sewn to an intact nerve-neurotizator to the injured facial nerve that can act as sublingual, masseteric, phrenic, accessory, glossopharyngeal nerves, as well as the descending branch of the sublingual nerve and anterior branches of the C2C3 cervical spinal nerves. Often, neurosurgeons combine various donor nerves and autotransplanting inserts for better results. The main stages of neurotization of the facial nerve includes isolation and transection of the facial nerve, isolation and transection of the trunk or separate fibers of the neurotizer, and nerve suturing in an end-to-end or end-to-side fashion. Facial cross-plasty, the most innovative method of facial nerve neurotization, should be carefully performed, during which an anastomosis is performed between the damaged and intact facial nerves using autotransplantation inserts from the calf nerve or from a free muscle graft, including a tender muscle and an anterior branch of the locking nerve. Recovery of facial nerve function and regression of characteristic symptoms takes time and specialized recovery treatment. Generally, among the lesions of the cranial nerves, injuries and diseases of the facial nerve rank first and are one of the most common pathologies of the peripheral nervous system. The clinical picture of facial nerve injuries in various origins is quite monotonous and manifested by persistent paralysis or paresis of the facial muscles. Various highly effective techniques are aimed at restoring the function of the facial nerve and facial muscles. Many conservative and operative methods of treating facial nerve neuropathy have been presented in the modern medical literature. However, all methods of facial nerve neurotization have several disadvantages, and the leading ones are the inability to achieve 100% efficiency and development of one degree or another neurological deficit.
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Tayebi Meybodi, Ali, Leandro Borba Moreira, Xiaochun Zhao, Evgenii Belykh, Michael T. Lawton, Jennifer M. Eschbacher, and Mark C. Preul. "Using the Post-Descendens Hypoglossal Nerve in Hypoglossal-Facial Anastomosis: An Anatomic and Histologic Feasibility Study." Operative Neurosurgery 19, no. 4 (January 15, 2020): 436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opz408.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Hypoglossal-facial anastomosis (HFA) is a popular facial reanimation technique. Mobilizing the intratemporal segment of the facial nerve and using the post-descendens hypoglossal nerve (ie, the segment distal to the take-off of descendens hypoglossi) have been proposed to improve results. However, no anatomic study has verified the feasibility of this technique. OBJECTIVE To assess the anatomic feasibility of HFA and the structural compatibility between the 2 nerves when the intratemporal facial and post-descendens hypoglossal nerves are used. METHODS The facial and hypoglossal nerves were exposed bilaterally in 10 sides of 5 cadaveric heads. The feasibility of a side-to-end (ie, partial end-to-end) HFA with partial sectioning of the post-descendens hypoglossal nerve and the mobilized intratemporal facial nerve was assessed. The axonal count and cross-sectional area of the facial and hypoglossal nerves at the point of anastomosis were assessed. RESULTS The HFA was feasible in all specimens with a mean (standard deviation) 9.3 (5.5) mm of extra length on the facial nerve. The axonal counts and cross-sectional areas of the hypoglossal and facial nerves matched well. Considering the reduction in the facial nerve cross-sectional area after paralysis, the post-descendens hypoglossal nerve can provide adequate axonal count and area to accommodate the facial nerve stump. CONCLUSION Using the post-descendens hypoglossal nerve for side-to-end anastomosis with the mobilized intratemporal facial nerve is anatomically feasible and provides adequate axonal count for facial reanimation. When compared with use of the pre-descendens hypoglossal nerve, this technique preserves C1 fibers and has a potential to reduce glottic complications.
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Schwartz, Ilsa, David V. Martini, Gady Har-El, Joseph McPhee, and Frank E. Lucente. "Rapid Intraoperative Facial Nerve Expansion." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 114, no. 4 (April 1996): 605–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989670254-1.

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The repair of nerve length defect presents a reconstructive challenge after trauma and oncologic resection. This study examined rapid intraoperative nerve expansion as a method of repairing nerve length defects with the cat facial nerve model. We compared expanded nerves with grafted nerves and intact nerves 1 year after repair using the criteria of gross function (symmetry and blink reflex according to a modified House scale), electromyography thresholds, nerve-conduction velocity, morphology, and axon count. Three of the five expanded nerves regenerated, and all of the grafted nerves regenerated. Functional results were similar for the regenerated expanded and the grafted facial nerves, and both methods achieved an equivalent level of function. The facial nerves of the regenerated expanded group, grafted group, and intact group had mean electromyography thresholds of 132 mV, 98 mV, and 134 mV, respectively, and mean conduction velocities of 48.3 mg/second, 47.9 m/second, and 44.7 m/second, respectively. Morphologic examination of all five expanded nerves immediately after the expansion process revealed an intact fascicular structure. However, 1 year after excision of the expanded segment and repair, only three of the five nerves regenerated. Axon count at 1 year was as follows: 404 for the regenerated expanded nerves, 449 for the grafted nerves, and 403 for the intact nerves. The potential advantages of rapid intraoperative nerve expansion over nerve grafting for the repair of nerve gap defects include a single suture line and absence of donor site morbidity. This pilot study demonstrates that rapid intraoperative nerve expansion and regeneration is possible and can be used to repair a nerve length deficit. The development of a rapid and reliable method of intraoperative nerve expansion deserves further study.
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Grabb, Paul A., A. Leland Albright, Robert J. Sclabassi, and Ian F. Pollack. "Continuous intraoperative electromyographic monitoring of cranial nerves during resection of fourth ventricular tumors in children." Neurosurgical Focus 1, no. 2 (August 1996): E3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.1996.1.2.4.

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The authors reviewed the results of continuous intraoperative electromyographic (EMG) monitoring of muscles innervated by cranial nerves in 17 children whose preoperative imaging studies showed compression or infiltration of the fourth ventricular floor by tumor to determine how intraoperative EMG activity correlated with postoperative cranial nerve morbidity. Bilateral lateral rectus (sixth) and facial (seventh) nerve musculature were monitored in all children. Cranial nerve function was documented immediately postoperatively and at 1 year. Of the 68 nerves monitored, nine new neuropathies occurred in six children (sixth nerve in four children and seventh nerve in five). In five new neuropathies, intraoperative EMG activity could be correlated in one of four sixth nerve injuries and four of five seventh nerve injuries. Electromyographic activity could not be correlated in four children with new neuropathies. Of 59 cranial nerves monitored that remained unchanged, 47 had no EMG activity. Twelve cranial nerves (three sixth nerves and nine seventh nerves) had EMG activity but no deficit. Of four children with lateral rectus EMG activity, three had new seventh nerve injuries. Lateral rectus EMG activity did not predict postoperative abducens injury. The absence of lateral rectus EMG activity did not assure preserved abducens function postoperatively. Likely because of the close apposition of the intrapontine facial nerve to the abducens nucleus, lateral rectus EMG activity was highly predictive of seventh nerve injury. Although facial muscle EMG activity was not an absolute predictor of postoperative facial nerve dysfunction, the presence of facial muscle EMG activity was associated statistically with postoperative facial paresis. The absence of facial muscle EMG activity was rarely associated with facial nerve injury. The authors speculate that EMG activity in the facial muscles may have provided important intraoperative information to the surgeon so as to avoid facial nerve injury.
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Grabb, Paul A., A. Leland Albright, Robert J. Sclabassi, and Ian F. Pollack. "Continuous intraoperative electromyographic monitoring of cranial nerves during resection of fourth ventricular tumors in children." Journal of Neurosurgery 86, no. 1 (January 1997): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1997.86.1.0001.

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✓ The authors reviewed the results of continuous intraoperative electromyographic (EMG) monitoring of muscles innervated by cranial nerves in 17 children whose preoperative imaging studies showed compression or infiltration of the fourth ventricular floor by tumor to determine how intraoperative EMG activity correlated with postoperative cranial nerve morbidity. Bilateral lateral rectus (sixth) and facial (seventh) nerve musculatures were monitored in all children. Cranial nerve function was documented immediately postoperatively and at 1 year. Of the 68 nerves monitored, nine new neuropathies occurred in six children (sixth nerve in four children and seventh nerve in five). In five new neuropathies, intraoperative EMG activity could be correlated in one of four sixth nerve injuries and four of five seventh nerve injuries. Electromyographic activity could not be correlated in four children with new neuropathies. Of 59 cranial nerves monitored that remained unchanged, 47 had no EMG activity. Twelve cranial nerves (three sixth nerves and nine seventh nerves) had EMG activity but no deficit. Of four children with lateral rectus EMG activity, three had new seventh nerve injuries. Lateral rectus EMG activity did not predict postoperative abducens injury. The absence of lateral rectus EMG activity did not assure preserved abducens function postoperatively. Likely because of the close apposition of the intrapontine facial nerve to the abducens nucleus, lateral rectus EMG activity was highly predictive of seventh nerve injury. Although facial muscle EMG activity was not an absolute predictor of postoperative facial nerve dysfunction, the presence of facial muscle EMG activity was associated statistically with postoperative facial paresis. The absence of facial muscle EMG activity was rarely associated with facial nerve injury. The authors speculate that EMG activity in the facial muscles may have provided important intraoperative information to the surgeon so as to avoid facial nerve injury.
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Hirouchi, Hidetomo, Ryu Suzuki, Ichiro Morimoto, Teruaki Oyanagi, Hsiu-Kuo Chen, Akihiro Takahashi, Masahito Yamamoto, and Shinichi Abe. "Communicating Branch of the Mental Nerve and Facial Nerve." International Journal of Human Anatomy 2, no. 3 (March 20, 2021): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2577-2279.ijha-21-3769.

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As peripheral branches of the mandibular nerve, the mental nerve and facial nerve communicate with each other. However, investigations have not always been described in the classic anatomical texts. It remains unknown how nerve fibers of this communicating branch converge at the micro level. Thus, the objective of the present study was to observe in detail the macro and micro levels of the communicating branch of mental and facial nerves. We used five cadavers (10 samples) to conduct experiments in anatomical practice at Tokyo Dental College. A macroscopic observation was made, and the communicating branch of the mental and facial nerves was removed as a single mass. We created serial sections of this branch using the standard method and observed communicating branches of these two nerves under microscopy. As a result, the communicating branch of the mental and facial nerves was completely fused at the perineurium level. It has been reported that the mental nerve includes a small amount of autonomic nerve fiber. As for these findings, similar findings were observed for all 5 bodies and 10 sides. Thus, we believe that autonomic nerve fibers derived from the facial nerve converge with the mental nerve via this communicating branch.
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Vandewalle, Giovani, Jean-Marie Brucher, and Alex Michotte. "Intracranial facial nerve rhabdomyoma." Journal of Neurosurgery 83, no. 5 (November 1995): 919–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1995.83.5.0919.

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✓ Nerve rhabdomyomas are exceedingly rare benign tumors of the peripheral nerves consisting of well-differentiated striated muscle fibers admixed with parental nerve fibers. Only one case of intracranial nerve rhabdomyoma has been described, which affected the trigeminal nerve. This report presents the detailed neuropathological description of a nerve rhabdomyoma arising in the schwannian portion of the facial nerve root in a 41-year-old Caucasian man. The nerve fibers were arranged chaotically as in a traumatic neuroma. Because of the intimate intermingling of this slowg-rowing tumor with the parental nerve fibers, complete excision should be avoided.
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Sarafoleanu, Dorin, and Andreea Bejenariu. "Facial nerve paralysis." Romanian Journal of Rhinology 10, no. 39 (September 1, 2020): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjr-2020-0016.

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AbstractThe facial nerve, the seventh pair of cranial nerves, has an essential role in non-verbal communication through facial expression. Besides innervating the muscles involved in facial expression, the complex structure of the facial nerve contains sensory fibres involved in the perception of taste and parasympathetic fibres involved in the salivation and tearing processes. Damage to the facial nerve manifested by facial paralysis translates into a decrease or disappearance of mobility of normal facial expression.Facial nerve palsy is one of the common causes of presenting to the Emergency Room. Most facial paralysis are idiopathic, followed by traumatic, infectious, tumor causes. A special place is occupied by the child’s facial paralysis. Due to the multitude of factors that can determine or favour its appearance, it requires a multidisciplinary evaluation consisting of otorhinolaryngologist, neurologist, ophthalmologist, internist.Early presentation to the doctor, accurate determination of the cause, correctly performed topographic diagnosis is the key to proper treatment and complete functional recovery.
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Vasconcelos, Belmiro Cavalcanti do Egito, Cosme Gay Escoda, Ricardo José de Holanda Vasconcellos, and Riedel Frota Sá Nogueira Neves. "Conduction velocity of the rabbit facial nerve: a noninvasive functional evaluation." Pesquisa Odontológica Brasileira 17, no. 2 (June 2003): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-74912003000200005.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate standardized conduction velocity data for uninjured facial nerve and facial nerve repaired with autologous graft nerves and synthetic materials. An evaluation was made measuring the preoperative differences in the facial nerve conduction velocities on either side, and ascertaining the existence of a positive correlation between facial nerve conduction velocity and the number of axons regenerated postoperatively. In 17 rabbits, bilateral facial nerve motor action potentials were recorded pre- and postoperatively. The stimulation surface electrodes were placed on the auricular pavilion (facial nerve trunk) and the recording surface electrodes were placed on the quadratus labii inferior muscle. The facial nerves were isolated, transected and separated 10 mm apart. The gap between the two nerve ends was repaired with autologous nerve grafts and PTFE-e (polytetrafluoroethylene) or collagen tubes. The mean of maximal conduction velocity of the facial nerve was 41.10 m/s. After 15 days no nerve conduction was evoked in the evaluated group. For the period of 2 and 4 months the mean conduction velocity was approximately 50% of the normal value in the subgroups assessed. A significant correlation was observed between the conduction velocity and the number of regenerated axons. Noninvasive functional evaluation with surface electrodes can be useful for stimulating and recording muscle action potentials and for assessing the functional state of the facial nerve.
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Asaoka, Katsuyuki, Yutaka Sawamura, Masabumi Nagashima, and Takanori Fukushima. "Surgical anatomy for direct hypoglossal—facial nerve side-to-end “anastomosis”." Journal of Neurosurgery 91, no. 2 (August 1999): 268–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1999.91.2.0268.

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Object. In this study the authors investigated the histomorphometric background and microsurgical anatomy associated with surgically created direct hypoglossal—facial nerve side-to-end communication or nerve “anastomosis.”Methods. Histomorphometric analyses of the facial and hypoglossal nerves were performed using 24 cadaveric specimens and three surgically obtained specimens of severed facial nerve. Both the hypoglossal nerve at the level of the atlas and the facial nerve just distal to the external genu were monofascicular. The number of myelinated axons in the facial nerve (7228 ± 950) was 73.2% of those in the normal hypoglossal nerve (9778 ± 1516). Myelinated fibers in injured facial nerves were remarkably decreased in number. The cross-sectioned area of the normal facial nerve (0.948 mm2) accounted for 61.5% of the area of the hypoglossal nerve (1.541 mm2), whereas that of the injured facial nerve (0.66 mm2) was less than 50% of the area of the hypoglossal nerve. Surgical dissection and morphometric measurements were performed using 18 sides of 11 adult cadaver heads. The length of the facial nerve from the pes anserinus to the external genu ranged from 22 to 42 mm (mean 30.5 ± 4.4 mm). The distance from the pes anserinus to the nearest point on the hypoglossal nerve ranged from 14 to 22 mm (mean 17.3 ± 2.5 mm). The former was always longer than the latter; the excess ranged from 6 to 20 mm (mean 13.1 ± 3.4 mm). Surgical anatomy and procedures used to accomplish the nerve connection are described.Conclusions. The size of a half-cut end of the hypoglossal nerve matches a cut end of the injured facial nerve very well. By using the technique described, a length of facial nerve sufficient to achieve a tensionless communication can consistently be obtained.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Facial Nerve"

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Peres, Flavio Francisco de Godoy. ""Avaliação do risco potencial de lesão do nervo facial nas vias de acesso pré-auricular e submandibular no tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas do processo condilar da mandíbula"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23143/tde-18032004-091330/.

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RESUMO O nervo facial é uma importante preocupação para o cirurgião durante o acesso à cabeça da mandíbula, quando o tratamento cirúrgico é escolhido. As duas vias mais freqüentemente utilizadas, a pré-auricular e submandibular possuem uma relação anatômica direta com seu ramo temporal e marginal da mandíbula, respectivamente. Tanto o desconhecimento de possíveis variações na sua distribuição anatômica do nervo facial como os elementos fundamentais da técnica cirúrgica influenciam o risco de seqüela pós-operatória. Para a via de acesso pré-auricular, há uma definida posição imediatamente pré-auricular junto à cartilagem do trágus, a incisão relaxante é apontada por alguns autores como manobra preventiva de seqüelas como o lagoftalmo (incapacidade da oclusão palpebral). O plano único profundo à fáscia temporoparietal (na fossa temporal), ao periósteo do arco zigomático, e à fáscia parotideomassetérica geram um retalho que parece proteger os ramos que cruzam o mencionado arco. No que tange à via de acesso submandibular, o ângulo e a base da mandíbula bem como os vasos faciais (artéria e veia faciais) são referenciais anatômicos consagrados na literatura. Entretanto, a mesma literatura aponta para uma freqüente pluricidade na ramificação do clássico nervo marginal da mandíbula, ramo do nervo facial, em uma situação subplatismal a uma distância variável da base da mandíbula. A não identificação do nervo pode acarretar diferentes graus de seqüela labial pela lesão nervosa por compressão ou estiramento mecânicos, queimaduras nervosas na eletrocoagulação imprecisa e tempestiva de vasos adjacentes, ressecção nervosa com a conseqüente paresia transitória ou ainda a paralisia permanente da musculatura do lábio inferior do lado afetado. Lesão térmica ou mecânica devem ser prevenidos durante as manobras hemostasia e sínteses. Para tanto, o mapeamento intra-operatório pré-incisional (paciente sob anestesia geral) de modo ainda bastante incipiente parece ser uma ferramenta promissora na localização precisa de modo a orientar profilaticamente a incisão inicial.
SUMMARY The facial nerve is an important surgeon concern while approaching the mandibular condylar process in the fracture surgical treatment. The preauricular and submandibular pathways are the two most frequently used approaches, which have a direct relation to the temporalis and marginalis mandibulae branches of the facial nerve, respectively. The lack of knowledge over possible variations on their anatomical distribution and mastery of the fundamental elements on surgical technique jeopardize the patient to the postoperative sequels. About the preauricular approach, there is a well-established tragus anterior incision. Some authors point out a continuous relaxing incision as a preventive maneuver to avoid lagophtalmus, for instance. The opening of an unique plane formed by the profound face of the temporoparietal fascia in the temporal region, deep face of periostheum over zygomatic arch and parotideomasseteric fascia as well generates a protective flap which includes facial nerve branches that cross up-and-forwardly the zygomatic arch. In regards to the submandibular approach, the angle and lower border of the mandible as well facial vessels are scientific well-known anatomic landmarks to place the initial incision, preventing the facial nerve from lesion. Nevertheless, recent scientific publications point out some frequent multiple branching patterns in the marginalis mandibulae, a facial nerve branch, always underneath platysm muscle in a variable caudad distance from lower border of the mandible. The lack of identification of the nerve may lead to different degrees of lower lid sequel by compression or strechening strengths, electric burns during imprecise adjacent bleeding vessels electric coagulation maneuver, or even a complete nerve transection responsible for a permanent paralysis of the lower lid. Thermal or mechanical injury should be avoided during haemostatic and synthesis maneuvers. The intra-operative pre-incisional mapping of the facial nerve (patient under general anesthesia), a very new method already on experimentation seems to be a promising tool in the nerve localization in the way to guide the surgeon before initial incision.
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Jergović, Davor. "Facial nerve injury and microsurgical repair : experimental and clinical studies /." Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/med716s.pdf.

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Prats, Galino Alberto. "Sistematización morfo-funcional del complejo motor facial del perro. Análisis de las neuronas de origen de los ramos periféricos del nervio facial, identificadas por transporte axónico retrógrado de peroxidasa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/32077.

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El núcleo o complejo motor del nervio facial es un centro nervioso situado entre el bulbo raquídeo y la protuberancia, en la vecindad de la superficie ventrolateral troncoencefálica. Esta masa celular inerva la musculatura derivada del segundo arco branquial (arco hioideo), que comprende la totalidad de músculos faciales superficiales y ciertos músculos faciales profundos. Las fibras branquiomotoras faciales, después de un complicado trayecto intraencefálico e intrapetroso, emergen del cráneo por el orificio estilomastoideo, distribuyéndose periféricamente a través de seis ramos principales: ramos auriculares anterior y posterior, ramo cigomático, ramos bucolabiales superior e inferior y ramo cervical. Por otra parte, en preparaciones histológicas teñidas según el método de Nissl, se ha descrito una subdivisión citoarquitectónica del núcleo facial en cinco o seis columnas celulares longitudinales. La correlación que existe en el perro entre los ramos periféricos del nervio facial y las subdivisiones de su núcleo de origen ha sido analizada exclusivamente mediante la aplicación de métodos degenerativos retrógrados. Sin embargo, se han propuesto diferentes patrones de organización funcional del núcleo motor facial como consecuencia de la dificultad que presenta la interpretación de cambios cromatolíticos moderados secundarios a la axotomía. La topografía exacta de los somas de origen de los ramos periféricos del VII par, a nivel de este complejo nuclear, ha sido establecida en la presente tesis doctoral aplicando selectivamente la enzima peroxidasa en el extremo proximal de cada uno de los mismos, empleándose para dicho estudio un total de 43 perros jóvenes, de 2 a 18 semanas de edad, de ambos sexos, y con pesos comprendidos entre 450 y 7230 gr. Asimismo, se han caracterizado morfométricamente, con ayuda de un analizador automático de imágenes IBAS-2, las poblaciones neuronales que han resultado marcadas por transporte axónico retrógrado de la enzima, determinándose su área celular, perímetro y diámetros máximo, mínimo y medio (D). El análisis de la organización de este centro motor ha ido precedido por una estudio morfológico mediante procedimientos cito- y mielo- arquitectónicos, habiéndose utilizado técnicas de grafismo asistido por ordenador para la reconstrucción tridimensional de un modelo sólido de su superficie. Desde el punto de vista citoarquitectónico, distinguimos en el núcleo facial del perro tres regiones: lateral, intermedia y medial. La primera comprende los subnúcleos ventrolateral (VL) y dorsolateral (DL). La región intermedia incluye el subnúcleo intermedio (l), mientras que la región medial constan de los subnúcleos ventromedial (VM), intermedio-medial (IM) y dorsomedial (DM). Estas subdivisiones se extienden por distancias variables en dirección caudal y rostral, constituyendo seis columnas celulares longitudinales delimitadas por un número idéntico de surcos que deprimen la superficie del núcleo. Los modelos tridimensionales de la superficie del núcleo facial demuestran la mayor profundidad de los surcos ventral, dorsolateral y dorsomedial que determinan la segmentación látero-medial primaria del núcleo, en comparación con el trayecto generalmente más irregular y superficial de los surcos lateral, medlal-postenor y medial-anterior, responsables de su segmentación secundaria en sentido antera-posterior, Existen, asimismo, importantes variaciones regionales en cuanto a la disposición y tamaño de las diferentes columnas celulares del núcleo facial. Su polo caudal está representado por los subnúcleos laterales, apareciendo, en niveles progresivamente más craneales, el resto de subdivisiones. Estas alcanzan su mayor grado de diferenciación en las regiones medias y medio-craneales del núcleo. La reducción de su volumen se inicia por los subnúcleos VL y VM. El polo superior del núcleo facial suele estar constituido por la prolongación craneal de las subdivisiones intermedia y dorsomedial. En el estudio HRP-neurohistoquímico se ha observado un marcaje exclusivamente homolateral a la zona de aplicación de la enzima, correspondiendo el 22 % del total de neuronas marcadas al ramo auricular anterior, el 18 % al ramo cigomático, el 20 % al ramo bucolabial superior, el 26 % al ramo bucolabial inferior, el 3 % al ramo cervical y el 11 % a los ramos auriculares posteriores. En conjunto, las motoneuronas faciales presentan un área de 620,30 m2 (± 305,76 mµ), un perímetro de 113,49 mµ (±31.91 mµ) y un diámetro medio de 31,68 mµ (± 8,17 mµ), existiendo una tendencia de los elementos celulares más grandes a ocupar las reglones mas craneales. Las neuronas de origen del ramo auricular anterior se distribuyen en las porciones medial y lateral del subnúcleo IM, en las regiones dorsales del VM y en ciertas regiones del DM. Son, en general, células de mediano tamaño (D = 28,08 mµ ± -4,63 mµ). La aplicación de HRP a nivel del ramo cigomático ha determinado un intenso marcaje de las neuronas del 5 subnúcleo 1 y porción lateral del subnúcleo IM, aunque también el borde dorsal de la división DL contiene algunas células cigomáticas. Estas han presentado el mayor diámetro medio de los calculados (D = 42,25 mµ ± 7.11 mµ). En la población cigomática intermedia existe un predominio de células grandes, estando constituida la población cigomática intermedio-medial por células de mediano tamaño. Las neuronas de origen del ramo bucolabial superior (D = 30,22 mµ ± 5,47 mµ) tienden a organizarse en dos subpoblaciones: dorsolateral y ventrolateral. La primera es cuantitativamente más importante, si bien no se han hallado diferencias morfométricas significativas entre ambas. Una escasa proporción de células bucolabiales superiores ocupa los subnúcleos VM e IM. La población de origen del ramo bucolabial inferior también se distribuye en los subnúcleos DL y VL pero, a diferencia de la anterior, tiene un predominio ventrolateral Sus células presentan, en promedio, un diámetro de 27.73 mµ (± 3.71 mµ). Además, cierto número de fibras que se distribuyen por dicho ramo se originan en el subnúcleo VM. El ramo cervical está representado a nivel del subnúcleo VM, habiéndose determinado en las células de esta población un diámetro medio de 29,01 mµ (± 5,50 mµ). Por último, una importante proporción de neuronas auriculares posteriores (D = 29,45 mµ ± 8,54 mµ) se agrupa en el subnúcleo DM, aunque se han detectado abundantes células HRP-positivas en el subnúcleo IM, preferentemente en su porción medial. Entre estas últimas se hallan las células con mayores dimensiones del núcleo facial. Nuestro estudio experimental confirma que en el complejo nuclear facial del perro existe una organización funcional perfectamente determinada, que se relaciona con su segmentación citoarquitectónica: los subnúcleos laterales (VL y DL) representan el origen de los ramos bucolabiales: del subnúcleo 1 y porción lateral del subnúcleo IM parten las fibras del ramo cigomático: las motoneuronas auriculares se localizan en los subnúcleos DM e IM; y el subnúcleo VM da origen al ramo cervical, y a cierta proporción de fibras que se distribuyen a través de los ramos auricular anterior y bucolabiales.
“MORPHO-FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMATIZATION OF THE FACIAL MOTOR COMPLEX IN THE DOG. ANALYSIS OF ORIGIN NEURONS OF THE FACIAL NERVE PERIPHERAL BRANCHES, IDENTIFIED BY RETROGRADE /\XONAL TRANSPORT OF HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE”. TEXT: In 41 young dogs the morphology and organization of the facial motor nucleus has been analyzed with the aid of four methods: (1) cyto- and myelo-architectonic techniques; (2) selective application of horseradish peroxidise (HRP) to the six main peripheral branches of the facial nerve (anterior and posterior auricular branches, zygomatic branch, superior and inferior buccolabial branches and cervical branch;: (3) morphometric analysis of neurons labelled by retrograde axonal transport; and (4) computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction of the facial nucleus surface, from parallel serial sections. Based on cytoarchitectonic criteria we divide the facial motor nucleus into six subnuclei: ventrolateral (VL), dorsolateral (DL), intermediate (I), ventromedial (VM), dorsomedial (DM) and intermediate-medial (IM). In the last subdivision we describe two portions: internal and external. After HRP application to the proximal stump of the six branches investigated, the labelling has been exclusively ipsilateral. The mean cellular area of the labelled motoneurons measures 620 mµ 2. The mean perimeter is 113 mµ, being 39 mµ, 25 mµ and 32 mµ the maximum, minimum and medium (D) diameters, respectively. Neurons of origin of the anterior auricular branch (D = 28 mµ) are distributed in the IM subnucleus and certain regions of the VM and OM. The zygomatic branch is represented in the I subnucleus and lateral portion of the IM. Some zygomatic neurons (D = 42 mµ) are also lying at the dorsal border of the DL subdivision. The superior (D = 30 mµ) and inferior (D = 28 mµ) buccolabial motoneurons are localized in the lateral region. The former display a DL predominance, and the later are principally VL. Few buccolabial fibers are originated from the VM subnucleus. Cervical neurons (D = 29 mµ) are restricted to the YM subnucleus, whereas great proportion of posterior auricular neurons (D = 30 mµ) are grouped within the OM subnucleus and medial portion of the IM subdivision.
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Perry, Emily S. "Effects of strength training on neuromuscular facial rehabilitation." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/e_perry_120809.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in speech and hearing sciences)--Washington State University, May 2010.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on Feb. 9, 2010). "Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences." Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-30).
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Qudairat, E. "Thermographic evaluation of nerve injury following facial fracture." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479394.

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Borin, Andrei [UNIFESP]. "Uso do AMP cíclico na regeneração do nervo facial de ratos." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2007. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/23316.

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OBJETIVO: Estudar a possível influência neurotrófica do nucleotídeo cíclico adenosina monofosfato (AMPc) na regeneração do nervo facial de ratos Wistar. MÉTODO: Trinta e dois animais foram submetidos à transecção completa e sutura imediata do nervo facial direito, sendo divididos em expostos e não expostos à , aplicação tópica de AMPc, com análises comportamentais (movimentação de vibrissas e fechamento da rima palpebral) e histométrica (contagem de fibras mielinizadas) em dois períodos - 14 e 28 dias após a lesão. RESULTADO: Encontramos diferenças estatísticas (pna análise comportamental, no 14° dia, e na análise histométrica, nos 14° e 28° dias, sugerindo uma precocidade na regeneração do nervo facial exposto ao AMPc. CONCLUSÃO: Nosso estudo constatou um possível efeito neurotrófico do AMPc na regeneração do nervo facial em ratos.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the possible neurotrophic influence of cyclic AMP on the facial nerve regeneration of Wistar rats. METHOD: Thirty two animals suffered complete transection and immediate suture of the right facial nerve, having been exposed, or not, to topical administration of cyclic AMP. Behavioral and histometric analysis was undertaken in two times – 14 and 28 days. RESULTS: We show statistical differences (p<0,05) in the behavioral analysis on the 14th day and in the histometric analysis on the 14th and 28th days, suggesting an earlier regeneration of the facial nerve when exposed to cAMP. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a possible neurotrophic effect of cAMP on the facial nerve regeneration of rats.
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
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Kelly, Gerard. "The effects of neurotrophic factors in facial nerve repair." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23071.

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The present work established a model for the electrophysiological assessment of the rat facial nerve and used the rat and the sheep as animal models for facial nerve repair. In the rat facial nerve, after transection and repair of the buccal division, there was an increase in the number of regenerated axons with 10 μg of both CNTF and BDNF administered exogenously near the site of nerve repair, over a period of 14 days (p=0.003). There was no increase in the number of fibres with similar administration of GDNF and NT 4/5. The administration of these neurotrophic factors failed to show any other improvements in electrophysiological or morphometric measurements in the rat nerve. The advantage of increasing the number of fibres after repair is dubious. In the sheep facial nerve three groups of animals were studied. Group 1 underwent nerve division and repair, group 2 underwent nerve division, repair and entubulation with a biodegradable glass tube and group 3 underwent nerve division, repair with administration of neurotrophic factors. In group 3 exogenous administration of 100 μg of CNTF and 50 μg of both BDNF and GDNF, over a period of 28 days, failed to show any improvement in electrophysiological or morphometric measurements. Nerve entubulation also failed to show any improvement in morphometric measurements but did show an increase in minimum conduction velocity. The reason for this was not clear and may be a spurious result. This study provides evidence for the use of CNTF and BDNF to increase the number of fibres after facial nerve repair on the rat. The functional advantage of this is uncertain. At present, the use of these neurotrophic factors cannot be supported in peripheral motor nerve repair.
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Mattsson, Per. "Intracranial facial nerve lesion : experimental study on neural degeneration and its treatment /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-3974-8/.

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Frayne, Ellie. "Motor Control and Self-Regulatory Fatigue Following Facial Nerve Paralysis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16174.

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This research project addressed the question of why facial nerve paralysis patients experience fatigue during facial expression exercises and when using their face in social situations. It was proposed that attempts at consciously controlling the movement of the usually automatically controlled facial muscles deplete cognitive resources, and result in a task-specific mental fatigue comparable to the depletion observed following self-regulation efforts. A questionnaire study showed that facial exercises were as fatiguing as performing moderate gardening or heavy housework; and for patients, use of the face in a social setting was as fatiguing as walking up a steep hill for 1km, supporting the resource depletion view. Conscious control of the face for facial nerve paralysis patients may also be fatiguing due to the fine movements needed to perform facial expressions in social interactions, so an apparatus for testing sensitivity of proprioception of the orofacial muscles was developed, resulting in the first research on orofacial muscle proprioception in comparison to the jaw muscles. By using the same psychophysical task it was possible to accurately measure the proprioceptive ability of the pucker movement of the lips and for the closing movement of the jaw. The acuity of the orofacial muscles, a structure devoid of muscle spindles, was significantly better than for the jaw, an area with high proprioceptor (muscle spindle) density. Further, there was a significant correlation between the proprioceptive sensitivity scores of the lips and jaw, suggesting that proprioceptive sensitivity arises from extensive coordinated use of the lips and jaw for expression, speech and mastication. The high degree of proprioceptive ability demonstrated by the lips, as well as the correlation with the jaw highlights the unique nature of the facial muscles of expression; and implies that the face should be treated as a separate entity in terms of exercise prescription.
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Nascimento, Sílvia Bona do. "Sutura química por polietilenoglicol na regeneração do nervo facial em ratos após neurotmese." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-14032018-121636/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: O nervo facial (NF) desempenha um papel importante em diversas funções fisiológicas do organismo e controla a musculatura da mímica facial, responsável por transmitir sentimentos e emoções. O tratamento padrão-ouro para reconstrução do NF após trauma com secção é a anastomose término-terminal com cola de fibrina, que na maioria dos casos ainda produz resultados subótimos. Por isso, objetivou-se testar o efeito de uma nova técnica de reconstrução usando um protocolo de fusão axonal por polietilenoglicol (PEG), denominada sutura química, utilizando parâmetros eletrofisiológicos e histomorfométricos. MÉTODOS: Ratos Wistar foram divididos em 4 grupos. Após transecção do ramo mandibular do NF, o grupo controle foi submetido a anastomose dos cotos neurais com microssuturas. O grupo 2 foi tratado com microssuturas mais a sutura química. A sutura química consistiu de lavagem dos cotos neurais com solução de Krebs hipotônica contendo azul de metileno antes das microssuturas. Depois da sutura, seguiu-se a lavagem com solução de PEG e, por último, aplicação de solução de Krebs contendo cálcio. O grupo 3 recebeu microssuturas mais a solução com azul de metileno. E o grupo 4 foi tratado com microssuturas mais a solução de PEG. Os potenciais de ação musculares compostos (PAMCs) foram avaliados no pré-operatório e após 3 e 6 semanas das intervenções. A análise histomorfométrica foi realizada após 6 semanas. RESULTADOS: Os animais submetidos à sutura química apresentaram maior amplitude e menor duração dos PAMCs 3 e 6 semanas após a cirurgia em comparação com todos os demais grupos; na análise histológica, apresentaram maior contagem axonal e maior diâmetro axonal. CONCLUSÕES: A sutura química produziu recuperação mais intensa do NF após secção e sutura quando comparada à sutura isoladamente, pela avaliação eletrofisiológica e histomorfométrica, e pode ser útil em situações clinicas nas quais haja secção seguida de reparo neural imediato
BACKROUND: The gold standard treatment for traumatic transection of the FN continues to be end-to-end anastomosis using fibrin glue, which often yields unsatisfying results. OBJECTIVE: To test the outcome of a novel method of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-fusion on FN transection using electrophysiological and histophormometric parameters. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. After FN transection, the control group was submitted to end-to-end anastomosis with microsutures. Group 2 was submitted to microsutures plus the PEG-fusion protocol. This protocol consisted in bathing nerve stumps with a calcium-free Krebs solution containing methylene blue (MB) before suturing. After suturing, the repaired nerve received a PEG solution followed by a calcium-containing Krebs solution. Group 3 received microsutures plus the MB solution and group 4 received microsutures plus the PEG solution. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) were recorded before the intervention and 3 and 6 weeks afterwards. Histomorphometric analysis was done at 6 weeks time. RESULTS: The PEG-fusion protocol yielded larger CMAP amplitude, smaller CMAP duration at 3 and 6 weeks and a larger axon count and axon diameter. Between the other groups, no significant difference was seen. CONCLUSION: PEG-fusion produces better FN recovery after transection, when considering electrophysiological and histomorphometric analysis and may be of use in clinical scenarios of FN cut-severance followed by immediate repair
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Books on the topic "Facial Nerve"

1

Mark, May. The facial nerve. 2nd ed. New York: Thieme, 2000.

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Stennert, E. R., G. W. Kreutzberg, O. Michel, and M. Jungehülsing, eds. The Facial Nerve. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85090-5.

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Kim, David W. Facial nerve paralysis. 3rd ed. Alexandria, VA: American Academy of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery Foundation, 2007.

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Jackson, C. Gary. Facial nerve paralysis: Diagnosis and treatment of lower motor neuron facial nerve lesions and facial paralysis. Washington, DC: American Academy of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery Foundation, 1986.

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International Symposium on the Facial Nerve (6th 1988 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). The facial nerve: Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on the Facial Nerve, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, October 2-5, 1988. Amsterdam: Kugler Publications/Ghedini Editore, 1989.

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E, Mattox Douglas, ed. Management of facial nerve disorders. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1991.

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(1999), Cherry Blossom Conference. Update on facial nerve disorders: 1999 Cherry Blossom Conference. Alexandria, VA: American Academy of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery Foundation, 2001.

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T, Hathiram Bachi, ed. Atlas of surgery of the facial nerve. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, 2006.

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International, Symposium on the Facial Nerve (8th 1997 Ehime-ken Japan). New horizons in facial nerve research and facial expression. The Hague: Kugler, 1998.

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Seckel, Brooke R. Facial danger zones: Avoiding nerve injury in facial plastic surgery. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Quality Medical Pub., 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Facial Nerve"

1

Krag, Andreas E., and Shai M. Rozen. "Nerve Transfers to the Facial Nerve." In Facial Palsy, 79–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50784-8_8.

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Noel, Julia E., and Lisa A. Orloff. "Facial Nerve Monitoring: Extratemporal Facial Nerve." In Intraoperative Cranial Nerve Monitoring in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 151–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84916-0_16.

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Mansour, Salah, Jacques Magnan, Hassan Haidar Ahmad, Karen Nicolas, and Stéphane Louryan. "Facial Nerve." In Comprehensive and Clinical Anatomy of the Middle Ear, 175–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15363-2_6.

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Arnold, Andreas, Vincent Darrouzet, Oliver Sterkers, Christian Martin, and Wolfgang Arnold. "Facial Nerve." In Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, 147–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68940-9_7.

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Mansour, Salah, Jacques Magnan, Hassan Haidar, Karen Nicolas, and Stéphane Louryan. "Facial Nerve." In Comprehensive and Clinical Anatomy of the Middle Ear, 123–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36967-4_6.

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Arnoldner, Christoph, Vincent Y. W. Lin, and Joseph M. Chen. "Facial Nerve." In Manual of Otologic Surgery, 15–17. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1490-2_3.

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Cajal, Santiago Ramón y. "Facial Nerve." In Texture of the Nervous System of Man and the Vertebrates, 177–91. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6315-3_8.

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Penkert, Götz, and Hisham Fansa. "Facial Nerve." In Peripheral Nerve Lesions, 105–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09232-3_7.

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Leblanc, André. "Facial nerve." In Anatomy and Imaging of the Cranial Nerves, 171–210. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97042-9_7.

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Imam, Ibrahim. "Facial nerve." In 700 Essential Neurology Checklists, 201–3. New York: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003221258-57.

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Conference papers on the topic "Facial Nerve"

1

Bitenc Zore, Sara, Domen Vozel, and Saba Battelino. "Facial Nerve Reconstructive Surgery in Otorhinolaryngology and its Enhancement by Platelet- and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Plasma Therapy." In Socratic Lectures 7. University of Lubljana Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2022.d5.

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The facial nerve and its reconstructive surgical procedures are complex and challenging. The main function of facial nerve is namely motor innervation of facial muscles and its dysfunction presents as facial paralysis. Depending on the extent of facial nerve injury (neurapraxia, axonotmesis, neurotmesis) and consequently a physiological phenomenon of Wallerian degeneration, mechanism, location of the injury, time course of the paralysis and medical condition we decide about the type of the reconstructive surgery. Generally, possible surgical interventions to improve facial nerve functioning are mainly nerve decompression, neurorrhaphy/end-to-end anastomosis, interposition (cable) grafts and nerve rerouting. Moreover, most commonly nerves undergoing facial reconstruction are great auricular and sural nerves. In addition, nerve rehabilitation can be improved by using platelet-rich plasma (PRP/PVRP), applied directly to nerve. There are many roles of PVRP, described in the literature such as neuroprotective, neurogenic, neuroinflammatory, angiogenic role and improving hemostasis. Also, its neoplastic and proliferative effects were not reported. Considering all these features implementing PVRP in the facial nerve regenerative treatment has strong potential in the future. Keywords: Facial nerve; Reeconstructive surgery; Platelet and extracellular vesicle rich plasma; Nerve regeneration
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Mary, Sweta. "Facial Nerve Decompression." In 27th Annual National Conference of the Indian Society of Otology. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1700239.

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Chang, Ki-Hong, Subin Kim, Kyung-Ho Park, and Jeong-Hoon Oh. "Facial Nerve Decompression in the Treatment of Peripheral Facial Nerve Palsy." In 32nd Annual Meeting North American Skull Base Society. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1762447.

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Funken, Dominik, Marcel Mayer, Christopher Kopp, Helen Abing, Darius Schafigh, Lisa Nachtsheim, and Philipp Wolber. "Peripheral facial nerve palsy." In 94th Annual Meeting German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery e.V., Bonn. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1767632.

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Müller-Graff, Franz-Tassilo, Kathrin Hoika, Fabian Essig, Stephan Hackenberg, Rudolf Hagen, Kristen Rak, and Johannes Taeger. "Digital facial nerve training app – future of therapy support for facial nerve palsy?" In 94th Annual Meeting German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery e.V., Bonn. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1767064.

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Wang, Chunbao, Yohan Noh, Chihara Terunaga, Mitsuhiro Tokumoto, Matsuoka Yusuke, Chenchun Sher, Ai Niibori, et al. "Development of optic nerve and facial nerve models for cranial nerve examination training." In 2012 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sii.2012.6427317.

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Wu, H. "Management strategy of facial nerve tumors." In Abstract- und Posterband – 91. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e.V., Bonn – Welche Qualität macht den Unterschied. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1711423.

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Tihverainen, Annika, Thomas Hixson, Mahvash Rastegari, and Sanjay Raina. "P302 Prematurity with facial nerve palsy." In 8th Europaediatrics Congress jointly held with, The 13th National Congress of Romanian Pediatrics Society, 7–10 June 2017, Palace of Parliament, Romania, Paediatrics building bridges across Europe. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-313273.390.

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MASUDA, MASAKO, YOSHIHIKO KUMAI, and EIJI YUMOTO. "TREATMENT STRATEGY FOR FACIAL NERVE NEURINOMA." In Proceedings of the 3rd Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812703019_0067.

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Volk, GF, H. Wegscheider, O. Guntinas-Lichius, and B. Moriggl. "Sonography of the extratemporal facial nerve." In Abstract- und Posterband – 89. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e.V., Bonn – Forschung heute – Zukunft morgen. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1639846.

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Reports on the topic "Facial Nerve"

1

Zhang, Yingrong, Sanchun Tan, Jieyu Wang, Yanji Zhang, Mengyuan Huang, Hongjie Xia, Yaxin Hu, Yinyue Rao, and Zhongyu Zhou. A scoping review protocol of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to acupuncture for the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0084.

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Review question / Objective: To conduct a systematic comprehensive review for Acupuncture treatment of peripheral facial paralysis and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy for peripheral facial paralysis. Condition being studied: Peripheral facial paralysis, known as peripheral facial never palsy, includes Bell’s palsy and Ramsay Hunt syndrome.Any medical conditions such as infection, malignancy and autoimmune issues can result it. Idiopathic Bell's palsy is the most common disease causing peripheral facial nerve palsy, which clinical features include unilateral weakness of the facial nerve, hyperacusis, dysgeusia, dry eye or uncontrollable tears, but the etiology of it is unclear. Ramsay Hunt syndrome, less common than Bell’s palsy, is often caused by herpes zoster virus, which clinical features are unilateral weakness of face with ear herpes, tinnitus and dizziness. Facial paralysis patients with ear herpes can be diagnosed with Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Peripheral facial paralysis not only result the dyskinesia of facial muscles but also affect the quality of patient’s life.There are lot of evidence shows that Acupuncture can be used in any period and any kind of peripheral facial paralysis.However, we still lack systematic reviews to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy. As a result, we conduct a scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to address this gap.
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Tran, Emily, Jasmine J. Park, Nandini N. Kulkarni, and Vinay S. Gundlapalli. Left Facial Primary Leiomyosarcoma Misdiagnosed as Atypical Fibroxanthoma and Immunochemical Markers Relevant to Diagnosis: A Case Report. Science Repository, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.ajscr.2023.04.03.

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Soft tissue sarcomas are relatively rare neoplasms of mesenchymal origin that generally make up less than 2% of all adult malignant neoplasms. Atypical fibroxanthoma is a benign soft tissue tumor often confused with malignant variants of similar tumors such as leiomyosarcoma due to similar staining markers and cell morphology. We report a case of a 70-year-old caucasian male who initially presented with a 2 cm exophytic left facial lesion that was misdiagnosed as atypical fibroxanthoma upon biopsy. The patient underwent a wide local excision of the growing 11 cm mass and immediate reconstruction with a cervicofacial flap and full thickness skin graft. Pathological analysis of the specimen revealed the final diagnosis as confirmed primary leiomyosarcoma. Both the patient’s biopsy report and the surgical pathology report revealed similar negative findings (desmin, cytokeratin AE1/AE3, p63, SOX10) as well as similar positive findings (smooth muscle actin and CD68). Critical distinctions that led to a change in diagnosis from atypical fibroxanthoma to leiomyosarcoma emerged during the final pathological analysis, which revealed more widespread positive staining for smooth muscle actin and muscle-specific actin throughout the surgical specimen along with detailed cell and nucleus morphology of atypical spindle cells in the dermis and subcutis. This valuable information was not available during the initial biopsy when the lesion was smaller. It is possible that earlier diagnosis of primary leiomyosarcoma could have resulted in advanced pre-operative treatment and excision of the facial lesion, preventing involvement of surrounding areas such as the patient’s left eye, ear, and facial nerve.
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