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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Facies (Geology)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Gournay, Jonas Paul. "Phylloid algal bioherms and ooid grainstones : characterization of reservoir facies utilizing subsurface data from the Aneth Platform and outcrop data along the San Juan River, Paradox Basin, southeastern Utah /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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2

Kattah, Senira da Silva. "Controls on deposition and resulting stratal architecture of coarse-grained alluvial and near-shore facies associations /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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3

Elwerfalli, Hamed Omar. "Facies analysis of early Tertiary carbonates of northeast Libya." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242780.

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4

Lee, Mui-fa Alison. "Sedimentary facies of fluvial-marine transition environments in Hong Kong : Ting Kok and Pak Nai Deltas /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21021211.

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5

Pedley, Antony. "Eocene foreland basin carbonatae facies, the external Sierras, Spanish Pyrenees." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261690.

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This thesis explores the controls on carbonate platform formation in foreland basins through a study of the facies, and depositional architecture, of the Middle Eocene Guara Limestone Formation, from the External Sierras, Northern Spain. The Guara Limestone Formation formed in a ramp environment on the Iberian foreland margin of the South Pyrenean Foreland Basin. The facies are foraminifera and algal limestones, with minor shallow marine siliciclastics. A facies model has been erected indicating 19 facies, grouped into 6 facies associations. Using these facies and associations, the evolution of the platform has been studied. A progradational lime-mud and clastic rich lowstand systems tract marks the initiation of deposition, the lowstand systems tract being deposited during a period of low relative sea level rise. This is overlain by an aggradational and retrogradational, carbonate grain rich, transgressive systems tract. This was deposited as the rate of relative sea level rise increased. Parasequences have been redefined herein to allow successions of a similar stratigraphic hierarchy to be encompassed in the same name. The aggradational section of the platform containing both shallowing and deepening upward parasequences. The deepening upwards parasequences were created by base level rise driven by tectonic subsidence and eustatic sea level rise. The aggradational platform margin indicates that inner-ramp production, even with the absence of coral reefs, was able to keep pace with relative sea level rise. Relative sea level rise was sufficiently rapid to preclude the development of peritidal facies and evaporites, despite suitable arid climatic conditions. Platform retrogradation, in the late transgressive systems tract, and eventual drowning, was caused by a further increase in the rate of relative sea level rise. This was created by an increase in the rate of foreland subsidence due to the formation of antiformal stacks in the Pyrenean Axial Zone to the north. Following drowning, a progradational, clastic and lime-mud rich highstand systems tract developed. Initially the rate of relative sea level rise was rapid during the highstand systems tract, this rate probably decreasing as the sequence boundary is approached. The observed increase through time of the rate of tectonic subsidence is typical of foreland basins, and is in contrast to the exponential decay of subsidence seen in passive margins. A number of other controls can be seen to have affected the Guara Limestone Formation ramp. These may affect any carbonate system; though some may be favoured specifically in foreland basin settings. Tidal action formed a series of grainstones shoals at the shelf margin, tidal effects may be favoured in narrow foreland basins due to tidal amplification, and also the limitation of wave and storm effects due to a restricted fetch. The basin was well circulated, with effective exchange between basin and platform, and salinity was normal to possibly slightly lower than normal. The biota displays a chlorozoan assemblage, but is depleted in corals due to their global decline at this time. Sediment and nutrient input onto the platform was low, leading to a resource limited environment favouring the development of large benthic foraminifera. Localised tectonics, in the form of small scale folding, produced a series of marked effects on the platform, these include: the generation of angular local unconformities, and a variation and narrowing of biofacies belts. In summary, foreland basins may display a complicated interaction between eustatic sea level variation and tectonic subsidence. In contrast to other basin types, this tectonic subsidence increases through time until eventual uplift. This provides a dominant control on the stratal architectures observed. This thesis illustrates, therefore, the potential of the use of such detailed facies and platform models to elucidate both the local, and the regional scale, controls on platform development and basin evolution.
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6

Martin, Keithan. "Integrating depositional facies and sequence stratigraphy in characterizing carbonate reservoirs: Mississippian limestone, western Kansas." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20478.

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Master of Science
Geology
Matthew W. Totten
The Mississippian-aged St. Louis Limestone of Western Kansas is a carbonate resource play that has been producing oil, gas, and natural gas liquids (NGL) for over 50 years. The Mississippian Limestone is made up of heterogeneous limestones with interbedded layers of porous and non-porous units, abrupt facies changes, and diagenetic alterations. These factors combine to characterize the St. Louis Limestone's internal complexity, which complicates hydrocarbon exploration. This study focuses on improving the understanding of the geometry, distribution, and continuity of depositional facies within Kearny County, Kansas. Petrophysical analysis of a suite of geophysical logs integrated with core provided the basis for establishing facies successions, determining vertical stacking patterns within a sequence stratigraphic framework, and correlating areas of high porosity with a respective facies. The following depositional facies were identified; 1) porous ooid grainstone, 2) highly-cemented ooid grainstone, 3) quartz-carbonate grainstone, 4) peloidal grainstone, 5) micritic mudstone, and the 6) skeletal wackestone/packstone. The porous ooid grainstone is the chief reservoir facies, with log-derived porosity measurements between four and eighteen percent. In areas without available core, depositional facies were predicted and modeled using a neural network analysis tool (Kipling2.xla). Values derived from the evaluated core intervals and their respective geophysical logs served as the framework for the neural network model. This study illustrates the advantages of correlating depositional facies with reservoir quality and correlating those specific facies to geophysical logs, ultimately to create a greater understanding of the reservoir quality and potential within the St. Louis Limestone of western Kansas.
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7

Garnes, William Thomas. "Subsurface Facies Analysis of the Devonian Berea Sandstone in Southeastern Ohio." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1415920946.

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8

Higgs, R. "A facies analysis of the Bude Formation (Lower Westphalian), SW England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371512.

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9

Moukhsil, Abdelali. "Géochimie, pétrologie structurale et mode de mise en place du pluton de Father, zone volcanique nord, sous-province de l'Abitibi, Canada /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1996. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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10

Lichtblau, Andreas. "Stratigraphy and facies at the south margin of the Archean Noranda Caldera." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1989. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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11

Morin, Jean. "Facies analysis of Lower Permian cyclic carbonates, west-central Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7553.

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At least 36 decametre-scale, largely symmetric high-frequency cycles spanning approximately 15 Ma make up the carbonate-dominated succession of Lower Permian sequence 3 of the Sverdrup Basin in Fosheim and Hamilton peninsulas. These cycles record a rift pulse caracterized by the uplift, passive subsidence, collapse and passive subsidence of the Fosheim-Hamilton subbasin and show that during the rifting phase of the Sverdrup Basin deposition of conformity-bounded sequences was tectonically rather than eustatically controlled. The active rifting-phase of the Sverdrup Basin comprises four unconformity-bounded sequences that range in age from Visean to Kungurian. The third-sequence in Fosheim and Hamilton peninsulas area, west central Ellesmere Island comprises six formations. The Canyon Fiord Formation is composed of lithofacies ranging from basin margin fluvial to marine siliciclastics. The Belcher Channel, Antoinette, Tanquary and Nansen formations are made up of inner- to midshelf carbonates that encompass the Mount Bayley Formation, a thick evaporite succession deposited within the Fosheim-Hamilton subbasin. Petrographic analysis of the carbonate-dominated facies in sequence 3 has delimited nineteen platformal facies representing lagoonal, barrier and shoal, reefal and non-reefal mid-shelf depositional environments. These facies are organized into high-frequency depositional cycles that record the interplay between eustasy, tectonism and sediment supply. In order to facilitate their regional analysis, cycles were grouped into five idealized cycles. From proximal to distal, these cycles include: Sandstone-Grainstone; Grainstone-Palaeoaplysinid; Packstone-Phylloid; Wackestone; and Anhydrite cycles. These high-frequency cycles are grouped into a Pre-, Syn- and Post-evaporite cyclic assemblages, each of which possess an unique stacking pattern. The Pre-evaporite Assemblage comprises 9 cycles characterized by relatively similar thickness and composition. High-frequency cyclicity within this assemblage was controlled by glacio-eustatic oscillations with only local tectonic influence. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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12

AlShammary, Nawaf S. "Hetergenerous oil saturation in submarine channel and adjacent facies, monterey formation, point fermin, Palos Verdes, California." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527300.

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Extreme heterogeneity in oil saturation between closely adjacent sandstone beds reflects different timing and degree of diagenesis. Understanding the distribution and origin of such heterogeneity is critical to effectively exploiting intercalated sandstone deposits within fine-grained unconventional reservoirs and in unraveling subtleties of stratigraphic traps. Sea cliff exposures at Point Fermin, California, expose a submarine channel facies within the largely hemipelagic facies. Separated by only meters, Point Fermin Sandstone is oil-saturated, whereas Altamira Shale sandstone is not. Samples were analyzed for porosity, permeability and fluid saturation in conjunction with thinsection petrographic analysis. Sandstones are primarily schist- bearing lithic arenites and the grains are cemented mostly by rhombic dolomite. Data show that both units have the same provenance but differ in the timing and type of diagenesis with shale-hosted sandstones generally showing earlier cementation. The degree and type of cementation occluded pore spaces to prevent hydrocarbon charging in the non-saturated sandstone.

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13

Martin, Charlotte Ann Lesley. "The origin of massive sandstone facies in an ancient braided river deposits." Thesis, Durham University, 1995. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5326/.

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Lateral profiling techniques have been utilised to define the three-dimensional fluvial architecture of the Fell Sandstone Group (Arundian-Holkerian) of the Northumberland Basin, UK; the Lee-type sandstones (Morrowan-Atokan) of the central Appalachian Basin, USA; the Mansfield and Brazil Formations (Morrowan-Atokan) of the Illinois Basin, USA; and the Anisian Hawkesbury Sandstone of the Sydney Basin, Australia. These strata are characterised by sandstones of braided fluvial origin. Individual fluvial channels are dominated by downstream accreting mesoforms and macroforms, interpreted to represent mid-channel and bank attached bars and dunes. Palaeocurrents are unimodal and of low variance. Evidence of low stage reworking is rare, indicating that the fluvial systems were perennial. Cross-stratified sandstones are interbedded with structureless sand bodies, which display three distinct geometric forms: Sms, Smc and Sme. The texture and composition of facies Sms, Smc and Sme are distinct from associated structured facies. Facies Sms forms erosively based sandsheets <8 m thick and >250 m parallel and transverse to the flow. The upper surface is planar. Facies Smc forms elongate channels trending at high angles to the palaeoflow of fluvial channels. The sandbodies preserve a symmetrical cross-section with margins dipping <50º . Concentric laminae are preserved parallel to these margins, and grade into a structureless sandstone fill. Individual units of facies Sme are >6 m thick, and may be traced >200 m parallel and transverse to flow direction. Amalgamation of the facies results in sandsheets >20m thick. Scours, elongate both parallel and oblique to fluvial flow are preserved along the basal surface. A classification scheme of massive sandstone facies has been developed. The facies are interpreted in terms of deposition from highly concentrated, laminar sediment/water flows. Sediment-laden currents were generated through primary and secondary mechanisms related to flooding and mass flow.
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14

Albert, Villanueva Eduard. "Facies y secuencias deposicionales mixtas carbonático-siliciclásticas del mioceno inferior de la cuenca de Falcón (Noroeste de Venezuela) como modelo exploratorio en el Caribe." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396341.

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Las sucesiones sedimentarias mixtas carbonático-siliciclásticas del Mioceno Inferior que afloran en los márgenes norte y sur de la Cuenca de Falcón (noroeste de Venezuela) se analizaron mediante un enfoque multidisciplinario y multiescala. El análisis de cuenca presentado en esta tesis proporciona nuevos resultados e interpretaciones que se han sintetizado en un mapa geológico, un mapa paleogeográfico, paneles de correlación secuencial y cronoestratigráfica, y en modelos deposicionales y arquitectónicos de los sistemas mixtos carbonatico-siliciclásticos investigados. La evolución de la acomodación en la cuenca durante el Oligoceno-Mioceno, y datos de isotopía estable (C y O) también han sido evaluados. Por último, los resultados se comparan con el reservorio carbonático de gas Oligo-Mioceno de Perla (Golfo de Venezuela) para establecer analogías y diferencias entre las plataformas carbonatadas de antecosta y terrestres. Los resultados presentados en esta tesis indican que, en la Cuenca de Falcón, el Oligoceno se caracterizó por una sedimentación siliciclástica en ambientes que variaban de continentales a marinos profundos en una cuenca de rift con orientación este-oeste. Los bancos carbonatados se desarrollaron durante el Mioceno Inferior en la parte superior de bloques de falla basculados en los márgenes norte y sur de la cuenca (formaciones San Luis y Churuguara, respectivamente), mientras que en contextos de fosas y surcos, la sedimentación fue hemipelágica y pelágica. Las calizas de las formaciones San Luis y Churuguara aparecen interdigitizadas y alternadas con sistemas siliciclásticos. Los principales componentes esqueléticos que constituyen los carbonatos de rampa investigados corresponden a algas rojas, que frecuentemente forman rodolitos, macroforaminíferos, corales y equínidos. La producción de carbonato se produjo principalmente en la zona meso-oligofótica de rampas distalmente acentuadas. La subsidencia synrift fue el mecanismo más importante en la creación de acomodación pero no se sobreimpuso totalmente a la señal eustática. Seis secuencias transgresivo-regresivas de tercer orden que abarcan el intérvalo Aquitaniense-Burdigaliense fueron reconocidas en los márgenes norte y sur de la cuenca. Estas secuencias se incluyen dentro de un evento transgresivo de rango superior. Los ciclos de alta frecuencia y baja amplitud del nivel del mar relativo dieron lugar a diez tipos distintos de parasecuencias. Al igual que en el caso de los sistemas mixtos carbonático-siliciclásticos de San Luis y Churuguara, el reservorio carbonático de Perla (antecosta de Venezuela) presenta un perfil deposicional de rampa distalmente acentuada, se formó durante en contexto transgresivo y está constituido principalmente por carbonatos de rampa media ricos en algas rojas y macroforaminíferos. Sin embargo, la extensión espacial, el grosor y la arquitectura del reservorio de Perla no son comparables con los de los ejemplos estudiados aquí debido a las diferentes configuraciones geotectónicas y topografías antecedentes. Por otra parte, el paso de la rampa inferior a cuenca en San Luis es por escarpamiento, con la presencia de olistostromas en posición de cuenca, mientras que en Churuguara y Perla esta transición parece ser más gradual con carbonatos de rampa inferior que pasan a depósitos de lutitas de cuenca. La sedimentación de carbonatos en Perla y San Luis se produjo ininterrumpidamente a lo largo de la mayor parte del Mioceno Inferior, mientras que la sucesión de Churuguara exhibe un banco carbonático inferior de edad Aquitaniense y un banco superior de edad Burdigaliense separados por un intérvalo lutítico. El depósito de Perla muestra un patrón general de apilamiento retrogradante. En contraste, los carbonatos de Churuguara y San Luis se apilan en un patrón agradante. Por todo esto, los carbonatos de San Luis y Churuguara no se consideran como análogos adecuados para el depósito Perla, y esto pone de manifiesto que cada sistema deposicional y, por tanto, cada reservorio de hidrocarburo, tiene sus propias singularidades, y es físicamente único.
The mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sedimentary successions of Early Miocene age outcropping in the northern and southern Falcón Basin (northwestern Venezuela) were analyzed by multidisciplinary and multiscale approaches. The basin analysis presented in this thesis provides novel results and interpretations such as a cartography and an Early Miocene palaeogeographic map of the basin, sequence- and chrono-stratigraphic frameworks for the successions studied, depositional and architectural models of the mixed carbonate-siliciclastic systems investigated, an evaluation of the evolution of accommodation (mainly controlled by subsidence, eustasy and tectonic uplift) in the basin during the Oligocene-Miocene, and stable C- and O-isotopic data. Lastly, the results are compared with the knowledge available from the Oligo-Miocene subsurface carbonate gas reservoir of Perla (Gulf of Venezuela) to establish analogies and differences between the onshore and offshore carbonate platforms. The results presented in this thesis indicate that in the Falcón Basin, the Oligocene Epoch was characterized by continental to deep-marine siliciclastic sedimentation into a west-east trending rift basin. Carbonate banks were developed during the Early Miocene on top of tilted fault blocks in the northern and southern margins of the basin (San Luis and Churuguara formations, respectively), while hemipelagic and pelagic sedimentation occurred in half-grabens and troughs. The limestones of the San Luis and Churuguara formations occur interdigitated and alternated with siliciclastic systems. Facies-diagnostic skeletal components constituting the platform carbonates investigated correspond to red algae, frequently forming rhodoliths, larger foraminifera, corals and echinoids. Carbonate production mainly occurred in the meso-oligophotic zone of distally-steepened ramps. Similarly to the San Luis and Churuguara mixed carbonate-siliciclastic systems, the carbonate reservoir of Perla, in the offshore of Venezuela, exhibits a distally-steepened ramp depositional profile, was formed during an overall major transgressive context and is mainly consituted by red algal- and larger foraminifera-rich middle ramp carbonates. However, the spatial extension, thickness and architecture of the Perla reservoir are not comparable to those from the onshore case studies due to differences in the geotectonic settings and the antecedent topographies.
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15

Henderson, Penny J. "Provenance and depositional facies of surficial sediments in Hudson Bay, a glaciated epeiric sea." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5998.

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A model for Wisconsinan glaciation and deglaciation of Hudson Bay is proposed based on depositional facies of the surficial sediments. These facies, defined on the basis of texture, composition, and acoustic character, indicate that sediment distribution is controlled primarily by Late Wisconsin glaciation. Post-glacial sedimentation is restricted to the shallow marine environment (100m deep) and involves reworking of glacially-derived sediments by rivers and/or marine currents. Deposition due to sea-ice rafting is minor. Within the glacigenic sediments, dispersal trends of distinctive lithologies and mineralogies (derived from sources adjacent to and underlying the bay) indicate that (1) western Hudson Bay was glaciated by ice flow eastward from a centre in the District of Keewatin, and (2) the eastern and southern bay was glaciated by ice flow westward from a dispersal centre in Nouveau Quebec. Seafloor geomorphic features and sediment composition suggest that deglaciation was focused at the confluence between these two ice sheets, possibly through ice streaming and calving bay formation. Eastward and southward dispersal of sediment derived from sources within the bay suggest a residual ice mass remained centered over Hudson Bay following glacial maximum. The deglaciation model invokes stabilization of the ice margin in the north, extension of a calving bay in Hudson Strait into west-central Hudson Bay, northward drainage of proglacial lakes along major bathymetric depressions, and, finally, rapid collapse of the ice sheet.
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16

Llewellyn, Huw Richard. "Facies modelling of a low angle shield volcano and associated extrusive volcanics within the North Atlantic Igneous Province." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=230048.

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17

Lanners, Rebecca K. "Chemostratigraphy of hemipelagic facies of the montery formation and equivalent semimentary rocks, Los Angeles basin, California." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527388.

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The submarine-fan-dominated, proximal Los Angeles basin contains interstratified hemipelagic strata coeval with the widespread Miocene Monterey Formation that accumulated in other California margin basins. Although more detritalrich and containing greater abundance of plagioclase and muscovite than more distal, outboard basins, a four-part compositional zonation is recognized in the fine-grained facies, similar to the stratigraphic succession of the Santa Barbara coastal area. In ascending stratigraphic order, these include a basal interbedded calcareous-siliceous zone, a phosphatic zone, a calcareous-siliceous zone, and an uppermost siliceous zone. To establish these zonations, 125 samples from five wells in a north-south transect across the western basin from East and West Beverly Hills, Inglewood, and Wilmington oil fields were analyzed for bulk chemical composition by XRF and quantitative mineralogy by XRD and FTIR. The mineralogic composition of the fine-grained detrital fraction makes use of geochemical equations for sedimentary components developed elsewhere unsuitable to the Los Angeles basin.

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18

Azambuja, Filho Nilo Chagas de. "The Oligo-Miocene turbidites and associated facies of the Campos Basin, offshore Brazil." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8408.

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19

Rose, Lila Eve. "Recent Sedimentation Patterns and Facies Distribution on the Waipaoa River Shelf, N.Z." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617878.

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20

Banjade, Bharat. "Subsurface Facies Aanalysis of the Cambrian Conasauga Formation and Kerbel Formation in East - Central Ohio." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1322525944.

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21

Klute, Margaret Anne. "Sedimentology, sandstone petrofacies, and tectonic setting of the Late Mesozoic Bisbee Basin, southeastern Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185723.

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The Late Mesozoic Bisbee basin of southeastern Arizona was an intracratonic back-arc rift basin. Extension was coupled with seafloor spreading in the Gulf of Mexico and back-arc extension behind a magmatic arc along the convergent Pacific continental margin. Tectonostratigraphic evolution of the basin occurred in three phases. Initial mid-Jurassic rifting of the basin, marked by eruption of the Canelo Hills Volcanics, may have been complicated by sinistral strike-slip motion along the Mojave-Sonora megashear. During continued rifting, from latest Jurassic to Early Cretaceous time, the Glance Conglomerate was deposited by alluvial fans and braided streams in grabens, half-grabens, and caldera-related depressions; locally interbedded volcanic rocks represent waning rift-related back-arc magmatism. The upper Bisbee Group was deposited during Early to earliest Late Cretaceous passive thermotectonic subsidence. The Bisbee Group and correlative strata occur in most mountain ranges in southeastern Arizona, and are subdivided into southeastern, northwestern, northern, and western facies. Southeastern facies were deposited in alluvial fan, meandering fluvial, estuarine, marginal marine and subtidal shelf environments as a transgressive-regressive sequence including a marine interval that was continuous with Gulf Coast assemblages during Aptian-Albian marine transgression. Northern facies were deposited in alluvial fan and braided stream environments along the northern rift shoulder of the basin. Southeastern and northern facies sandstones are dominantly quartzose, and were derived mainly from cratonic sources to the north. Subordinate volcaniclastic sandstones in the southeastern facies become more abundant to the west, proximal to eroding Jurassic and Cretaceous volcanic arcs. Basal northwestern facies arkosic strata deposited in alluvial fan, braided stream and lacustrine environments were derived from local basement uplifts, and were ponded in a northwestern depocenter by rift-related topography. A thin estuarine interval within overlying dominantly fluvial facies indicates integration of regional drainage networks by the time of maximum transgression. Transition upward to quartzose sandstone compositions reflects wearing down of local basement uplifts and increasing abundance of craton-derived sediment in the northwestern part of the basin. Western facies alluvial fan, braided stream and lacustrine intramontane deposits are composed of locally-derived arkose and lithic arkose.
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22

Marroquín, Herrera Iván Dimitri. "Reservoir characterization through the application of seismic attributes : multiattribute and unsupervised seismic facies analyses." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95679.

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Seismic attributes are a descriptive and quantifiable characteristic of seismic data, and so they represent subsets of the total information contained in the original seismic data. Consequently, seismic attrjbutes can be important qualitative and quantitative predictors of physical reservoir properties. Seismic attribute analysis began with the search for bright spots in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Subsequent work in the last decades has established seismic attribute analysis as a valuable tool in reservoir characterization studies. I present in this thesis two seismic attribute analyses for the interpretation of the characteristics of the seismic trace to predict significant geological features (e.g., lithology, rock properties and/or fluid content). The first study is an example of the applicability of seismic attributes to predict geologic controls on production data in a coal bed methane reservoir. Based on the calibration of log data with seismic data procedure, I defined a window of analysis, from which I computed amplitude, frequency and phase related attributes. Then, I used a quantitative multiattribute analysis to derive a seismic attribute-based model that predicts coal thickness. Thereafter, I used with a curvature attribute analysis with the objective to map subtle structural features and predict areas with enhanced permeability. The integration of production data with results achieved from both attribute analyses indicates that best production is associated with thicker coal and the immediate vicinity to seismically defined structures. [...]
Les attributs sismiques ont comme caractéristique de pouvoir décrire et quantifier les données sismiques, de telle manière qu’ils représentent un sous-ensemble de l’information totale contenue dans les données originales. En conséquence, les attributs sismiques peuvent être d’importants paramètres qualitatifs et quantitatifs des propriétés physiques d’un réservoir. L’analyse d’attributs sismiques a commencé avec la prospection de tâches lumineuses (<< bright spots >>) vers la fin des années 1960 et début des années 1970. Des travaux subséquents pendant les dernières décennies ont permis d’établir l’analyse d’attributs sismiques comme un outil valable lors d’études de caractérisation d’un réservoir. Je présente dans cette thèse deux études d’attributs sismiques pour l’interprétation de la forme de la trace sismique afin de prédire des caractéristiques géologiques significatives tels que: la lithologie, les propriétés des roches et/ou le contenu liquide. La première étude est un exemple de l’application d’attributs sismiques pour prédire des contrôles géologiques sur la production d’un réservoir coalbed methane. D’après les résultats de la calibration des diagraphies au câble avec des données sismiques, j’ai défini une fenêtre d’investigation à partir de laquelle des attributs sismiques de type amplitude, fréquence et phase ont été calculés. J’ai utilisé une analyse muIti-attribut pour dériver un model statistique dans le but d’estimer l’épaisseur du réservoir. Par la suite, j’ai utilisé des attributs mesurant la courbature d’une surface pour mettre en relief de subtiles structures géologiques et prédire les régions dans le réservoir avec une perméabilité augmentée. L’intégration des données de production avec les résultats obtenus lors d’analyses d’attributs sismiques indique que la meilleure production est en association avec l’épaississement du réservoir et le voisinage immédiat de structures géologiques. [...]
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23

Ascaria, Ngakan Alit. "Carbonate facies development and sedimentary evolution of the Miocene Tacipi formation, South Sulawesi, Indonesia." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274389.

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24

Cripps, David W. "A facies analysis of the upper great oolite group in central and eastern England." Thesis, Aston University, 1986. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14357/.

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25

Tyler, Jeremy Edward. "Clastic marine facies in the Ludlow of the Central Welsh Region." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283658.

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A wide range of clastic marine facies have been studied in the Ludlow sequences of the Central Welsh Region. By considering these sequences in a regional context it has been possible to review previous lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic correlations used in the Central Welsh Region. This review has led to the production of a comprehensive stratigraphic framework for the Central Welsh Region, and has revealed the need for a significant revision of the biostratigraphic correlations presently in use. Analysis of facies patterns in Gorstian (Lower Ludlow) sequences has led to the recognition of the main active sediment transport pathways during this interval. Although the main sediment transporting processes vary across the study area, they are all interpreted in terms of the processes active at different points in a storm-driven sediment distribution system. The effects of storm related processes are also predominant within Ludfordian (Upper Ludlow) sequences. The major lateral and vertical facies changes present in Ludlow sequences are attributed to a number of causes, all of which can be related to the relatively high sea-level prevailing in the Central Welsh Region during much of the Ludlow. They include; the development of anoxia in surficial sediments as a result of low levels of dissolved oxygen in the overlying water-column; the positions of storm and fairweather wave base relative to the regional (west-facing) palaeoslope; and the effects of changes in sea-level. These changes in sea-level probably reflect a combination of eustatic and tectonic-driven events. It is concluded that the 'shelf and basin' model of existing palaeogeographic interpretations is an artificial one. Instead, it is suggested that Ludlow facies patterns record the existence of a broad shelf-slope system, and reflect relative sea-level, the topography of the shelf-slope system, the location of sediment source areas, subsidence rate, and position within the main shelf sediment transport system.
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26

Dalton, Edward. "Sedimentary facies and diagenesis of the Lower Devonian Temiscouata and Fortin Formations, Northern Appalachians, Quebec and New Brunswick." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63856.

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27

Van, der Linden Thérèse E. (Thérèse Elizabeth). "Depositional facies, cyclicity and sequence stratigraphy of the oligo-myocene Torquay Basin, Southeastern Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1997. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27648.

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The Torquay Group outcrops between Bells Headland and Bird Rock, southwest of Torquay on the coast of Victoria. It formed part of the basis of the Haq et al. (1988) sealevel Curve, and has been portrayed as a classical example of sequence stratigraphic development generated by global eustatic oscillations. This study tests that assertion, based on a detailed investigation of the sedimentology and stratigraphy within the Torquay section, using mainly three cores from the larger Torquay Drilling Program, supplemented by cliff face stratigraphic sections from the present and previous studies.
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28

Xu, Jingqi. "Facies and sequence stratigraphic analyses of the Upper Ordovician shales in northeast Indiana and northwest Ohio." Thesis, Indiana University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10142334.

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The Upper Ordovician Maquoketa Group equivalent strata in Indiana and Ohio were part of a westward-thinning shale-dominant succession. Large amounts of fine-grained siliciclastics were shed from the eastern highlands during the Taconic Orogeny.

The detailed lithofacies analysis of the Upper Ordovician shales has yielded recognition of a series of genetically related sequences in a seemingly homogenous succession. The lower succession is pyritic laminated/banded organic-rich mudstone that accumulated after the onset of a major flooding event. Cryptobioturbation, bottom current ripples, graded silt/clay couplets and well preserved benthic fossils indicate an oxygen-depleted dysoxic condition. In addition, layers enriched in phosphatic fossils, phosphate and pyritic grains appear to mark flooding surfaces and sediment starvation. The maximum organic-matter enrichment mainly occurred within black homogenized mudstone in the middle succession. Upsection, more extensive bioturbation and carbonate production are observed. The intermittent yet frequent wave and current activity, suggested by cross-lamination, wavy-lenticular stratification and hummocky cross stratification, indicate a shallower and proximal settings with enhanced sediment influx.

The deposition of the Upper Ordovician shales in the Maquoketa Group reflects a complex interplay between storms, sediment supply, and eustatic sea-level changes. Nonetheless, with distinct characteristics of lithofacies, wireline logs, and organic carbon isotope data, a high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework of the Upper Ordovician shales can be compiled for the study area. The whole studied interval comprises an entire 3rd order sequence, wherein the lower part appears to be a transgressive systems tract and the remaining overlying strata represent a highstand systems tract. This project is an example how integration of sedimentological observations, geophysical data, petrographical and geochemical data enable a better understanding of the accumulation of this mudstone succession in a regional sequence stratigraphic context.

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Cassle, Christopher F. "Petrographic Analyses of Late Pennsylvanian Limestones within the Northern Appalachian Basin, USA." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1121435271.

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30

Wang, Dong 1963. "Continental-slope sedimentation adjacent to an ice-margin, Labrador sea : depositional facies and glacial cycles." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56949.

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Analyses of 13 sediment cores and 2800 km of 3.5 kHz seismic profiles reveal that the majority of the sediments on the Labrador continental slope was deposited by hemipelagic settling and ice-rafting (53%), debris flows (7%) and turbidity currents (34%) during the Wisconsinan Glaciation. Only minor amounts (6%) are attributed to contour current activity and related processes. Eight sedimentary facies were differentiated which include (1) hemipelagic (H); (2) hemipelagic (HI) with ice-rafted detritus (IRD); (3) debris-flow deposits (subfacies D1, D2, D3), spill-over turbidite (T), headspill turbidite (TH), turbidite (TI) alternating with IRD; and (4) contourite (C) and nepheloid-flow deposits (N).
Six major glacial advances were identified in Mid- to Late-Wisconsinan (64-10 ka) slope sediments by 6 very dark hemipelagic units containing abundant sinistral-coiling, cold-water foraminifera. The associated ice-retreat phases are characterized by the occurrence of turbidites, debris-flow deposits, nepheloid-flow deposits, and ice-rafted debris (IRD).
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31

Machel, Hans-G. (Hans-Gerhard). "Facies and diagenesis of the Upper Devonian Nisku formation in the subsurface of central Alberta." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=71974.

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The Nisku Formation in the Alberta subsurface consists of bank facies, reefal facies, and basinal/slope facies along the Outer Shelf. The bank facies was not previously recognized, and is here designated the Dismal Creek Member. Most buildups are coral-bearing mudmounds.
The Nisku Formation was affected by more than twenty diagenetic processes, most notably by dolomitization and anhydritization. The buildups were partially lithified in shallow phreatic environments, and some were subaerially exposed. Dolomitization took place at depths of about 300 to 1000 m by fluids that were derived mainly from the underlying Ireton Formation. Most of the anhydrites formed during the last stages of and/or after dolomitization. After oil emplacement, thermochemical redox reactions between hydrocarbons and sulfates resulted in partial removal of anhydrite in the deepest buildups, and the formation of 'dead' oil, sour gas, replacive calcite, saddle dolomite, celestite, and native sulfur. Diagenetic changes after maximum burial were very minor.
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32

Collier, Richard E. Ll. "Sedimentary facies evolution in Continental fault-bounded basins formed by crustal extension : the Corinth Basin, Greece." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1988. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2616/.

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Characteristic half-graben and graben geometries are generated by extensional tectonics. The sedimentary infill to such basins reflects their structural evolution. The actively extending basins of central Greece have provided an opportunity to study the mechanisms that control sediment distribution and the resultant facies patterns and geometries produced in such environments. The modern and precedent Neogene to Quaternary sediments studied, and their controlling processes, provide predictive templates for the analysis of controls acting upon ancient extensional basin fills. On a basinwide scale, facies patterns are controlled by the geometry of major basin-controlling normal faults and by the structural level of the basin - determining alluvial, lacustrine or marine environments. Increments of movement on normal faults tilt and vertically displace the depositional surface, producing facies responses in terms of fluvial/submarine channel avulsion or preferential migration into topographic lows, lake or sea coastline advance or retreat across the depositional slope, and the progradation of clastic wedges off fault scarps and uplifted areas. The time-averaged product in the stratigraphic record is typically of clinoforms developed preferentially against basin margin faults and axial channel systems concentrated in the structurally constrained depocentre(s). Such gross morphologies are seen in the Lower Pliocene early rift history of the Corinth asymmetric graben; conglomerate-dominated fan deltas and alluvial fans prograded laterally into the basin. The progradation of an ophiolite-derived, fluvio-deltaic system along the basin axis illustrates the competition of sediment supply rates with tectonic subsidence rates in determining facies geometries. A number of other controls on sediment distribution are variously important through time within extensional basins, in addition to structuration and sediment supply rates (itself a function of hinterland litho-type and structural evolution). These include eustatic and climatic variation and compactional subsidence rates. The Corinth Isthmus has been studied with the aim of establishing the interaction of concurrent tectonic and eustatic relative base-level changes. Computer-modelling of the migration of a coastline through theoretical stratigraphic sections illustrates the effects of varying rates of change of sea-level, tectonic subsidence (or uplift) and deposition with time. Incorporation of the global sea-level curve for the Late Quaternary into such models reasonably predicts observed facies geometries in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene of the Isthmus. U-series disequilibrium dating of corals from the Corinth Canal area has constrained transgressive beach sub-sequences as reflecting c. 100,000 year wavelength eustatic cycles. After subtraction of depositional levels constrained in time and space against the sea-level curve, an average net uplift rate is derived for the central Isthmus of more than 0.3m per 1000 years. The areal distribution of Late Pleistocene marine facies in the southern Corinth Basin is principally controlled by the structural form and evolution at time of deposition. Subsequent tilt block faulting in an alluvial environment illustrates how intrabasinal fault block morphologies may generate axial and lateral sediment transport systems analagous to those on a basinwide scale. The competition between process rates is emphasized. Three- dimensional sedimentary facies patterns within evolving syn-rift basins are shown to be dependent upon the interaction of three principal factors: a) the rate of tectonic displacements through time, on both basinwide and local fault block scales, b) the rate of sea-level change through time (or lake-level change, whether determined by tectonic or climatic means), and c) the rate of deposition at any locality, itself a function of hinterland structure and lithology, climate and depositional geometries.
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33

Simoneau, Pierre. "Pétrographie, sédimentologie et analyse des facies de la formation de Daubrée, Chapais, Québec /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1986. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Mémoire (M.Sc.A.)-- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1986.
"Mémoire présenté en vue de l'obtention de la maîtrise en sciences appliquées en géologie" Page 157 manquante. CaQCU CaQCU Bibliogr.: ff. 99-110. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
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34

Kelly, Ranald. "The distribution of fluids in amphibolite and granulite facies rocks from central Madagascar and southern West Greenland." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313701.

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35

Harwood, C. "A facies analysis of shale-nodular limestone cycles from the Upper Ordovician of the Oslo region, Norway." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356265.

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36

Sanborn-Barrie, Mary. "Geology, geothermobarometry and geochronology of the high-P granulite-facies Kramanituar Complex, Western Churchill Province." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0016/NQ48336.pdf.

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37

Sanborn-Barrie, Mary Carleton University Dissertation Earth Sciences. "Geology, geothermobarometry and geochronology of the high-P granulite-facies Kramanituar Complex, Western Churchill Province." Ottawa, 1999.

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38

Khodabakhsh, Saeed. "Pleistocene Laurentide Ice Sheet drainage into the Labrador Sea : sedimentary facies, depositional mechanisms, stratigraphy and significance of Heinrich events." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42067.

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On the basis of sedimentary structures and textures, six depositional facies have been identified in Labrador Slope, Rise and Basin cores. They include: (1) turbid-surface plume sediments (facies P; plumites) comprising 4% of the total length of the slope cores; (2) hemipelagic sediments (facies HI and H) with and without ice-rafted debris (IRD) (48% and 20% on the slope/rise and basin centre, respectively); (3) nepheloid-layer deposits (facies N; 9% on the slope); (4) contourites (facies C; 4% on the slope); (5) turbidite facies (30% on the slope and $>$40% on the levees of the Northwest Atlantic Mid-Ocean Channel, NAMOC) with three subfacies: thin-bedded silt and mud turbidites (T); turbidites with laminae of IRD (TI), and sand turbidites (MS); and (6) debris-flow facies (10% on the slope) with four subfacies: gravelly (D1), sandy silt (D2), thin bedded (D3) and sandy gravelly debris-flow deposits (D4).
Facies P occurs on high-relief slope sections, deposited by buoyantly rising meltwater plumes entrained by the south-flowing Labrador Current. The high relief was caused by retrograde canyon erosion after deposition. Facies N is best developed and thickest on the slope and upper rise. It was deposited when sediment-laden meltwater from the Laurentide Ice Sheet with high concentrations of suspended sediment spread out in mid-water or along the bottom. Facies T occurs on the levees of the NAMOC and its tributaries. It originated from the remobilization of detrital carbonate-rich sediments on the slope south of the Hudson Strait. Extensive sand turbidites occur on a braided floodplain east of NAMOC. Deposition of sand turbidites by high-density turbidity currents, probably of sheet-flow type, resulted from bedload-rich meltwater discharges on the low-relief slope sector off the Hudson Strait. They may have been caused by subglacial-lake outburst flooding, which might be linked to Heinrich events. Facies C occurs on the lower slope to upper rise. Facies H is present in all parts of the basin but most abundant on the slope; together with facies T, it is the major facies in the intercanyon regions. Facies D is found mainly on low-relief slope sectors, in front and north of major glacier outlets. Debris-flow tongues in the slope canyons merge downslope forming an extensive stacked megadebris-flow deposit on the floodplain west of NAMOC. Facies D makes up $>$75% of the sediment thickness in the western floodplain cores.
Four types of Heinrich layers (HL) were identified. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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39

Davis, Laurence H. M. "Allostratigraphic interpretation of a modern coarse clastic barrier complex : depositional facies, processes and relative sea level relationships /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2003. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,60897.

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40

Hill, Robert E. (Robert Einar). "Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Middle Proterozoic Waterton and Altyn Formations, Belt-Purcell Supergroup, southwest Alberta." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63330.

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41

Elfigih, Omar Bouzid. "Regional diagenesis and its relation to facies change in the Upper Silurian, Lower Acacus formation, Hamada (Ghadames) Basin, northwestern Libya /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2000. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,50430.

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42

Cox, Richard Alexander. "Eclogite facies metamorphism of mafic and ultramafic rocks in the Tshenukutish terrane, Manicouagan Imbricate Zone, eastern Grenville Province." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ54832.pdf.

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43

Petrie, Meredith Blair. "Evolution of eclogite facies metamorphism in the St. Cyr klippe, Yukon-Tanana terrane, Yukon, Canada." Thesis, The University of Iowa, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3628428.

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The St. Cyr klippe hosts well preserved to variably retrogressed eclogites found as sub-meter to hundreds of meter scale lenses within quartzofeldspathic schists in the Yukon-Tanana terrane, Canadian Cordillera. The St. Cyr area consists of structurally imbricated, polydeformed, and polymetamorphosed units of continental arc and oceanic crust. The eclogite-bearing quartzofeldspathic schists form a 30 by 6 kilometer thick, northwest-striking, coherent package. The schists consist of metasediments and felsic intrusives that are intercalated on the tens of meter scale. The presence of phengite and Permian age zircon crystallized under eclogite facies metamorphic conditions indicates that the eclogite was metamorphosed in situ with its quartzofeldspathic host.

I investigated the metamorphic evolution of the eclogite-facies rocks in the St. Cyr klippe using isochemical phase equilibrium thermodynamic (pseudosection) modeling. I constructed P-T pseudosections in the system Na2O-K2O-CaO-FeO-O2-MnO-MgO-Al2O 3-SiO2-TiO2-H2O for the bulk-rock composition of an eclogite and a host metatonalite. In combination with petrology and mineral compositions, St. Cyr eclogites followed a five-stage clockwise P-T path. Peak pressure conditions for the eclogites and metatonalites reached up to 3.2 GPa, well within the coesite stability field, indicating the eclogites reached ultrahigh-pressure conditions. Decompression during exhumation occurred with a corresponding temperature increase.

SHRIMP-RG zircon dating shows that the protolith of the eclogites formed within the Yukon-Tanana terrane during early, continental arc activity, between 364 and 380 Ma, while the metatonalite protolith formed at approximately 334 Ma, during the Little Salmon Cycle of the Klinkit phase of Yukon-Tanana arc activity. Both the eclogites and the metatonalites were then subducted to mantle depths and metamorphosed to ultrahigh-pressure conditions during the late Permian, between 266 and 271 Ma. The results of our study suggest portions of the Yukon-Tanana terrane were subducted to high-pressure and ultrahigh-pressure conditions. This is the first report of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism in the accreted terranes of the North American Cordillera. Petrological, geochemical, geochronological, and structural relationships link the eclogites at St. Cyr to other eclogite localities in Yukon, indicating the high-pressure assemblages form a larger lithotectonic unit within the Yukon-Tanana terrane.

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44

Smith, Roger M. H. "Fluvial facies, vertebrate taphonomy and palaeosols of the Teekloof formation (Permian) near Beaufort West, Cape Province, South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23646.

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The main Karoo Basin of South Africa contains a relatively continuous sequence of continental deposits that accumulated over a 100 million year period from Permo-Carboniferous (280 Ma) to early Jurassic (180 Ma). In the southwestern region of the basin the Karoo succession is approximately 4 000 m thick, the upper half of which consists of vertebrate fossil-bearing fluvial rocks of the Beaufort Group. This study deals with Lower Beaufort (Adelaide Subgroup) strata belonging to the Teekloof Formation which are exposed in the cast-west trending erosional escarpment between the towns of Beaufort West and Fraserburg in the central Cape Province. The 450-mctre succession consists mainly of vertically accreted floodplain mudrocks with interbedded continuous sheets of fine-grained sandstone that bear evidence of having accumulated by lateral accretion on the inner banks of meandering channels. The mudrocks contain numerous fossilized skeletons of therapsid "mammal-like" reptiles as well as more primitive cotylosaurs and a few amphibians. Rarely, impressions of Glossopteris leaves and equisetalcan stems are found although root moulds are relatively abundant. Several types of calcareous nodules and sheets occur in the mudrocks and arc interpreted as evidence of calcic palaeosols that formed under semi-arid climatic conditions. This is an interdisciplinary study that integrates a conventional sedimentary facies analysis with investigations of the taphonomy of in situ therapsid fossils and the nature and distribution of palaeosols. Such an approach has not previously been applied to any of the Karoo strata. The results contain descriptive and quantitative information on sedimentary processes, palaeohydrology, absolute time represented in the stratigraphic record and the topography, soils and habitats of the ancient landscape. These are summarized into a palaeoenvironmental synthesis of the Teckloof Formation.
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45

Piché, Mathieu. "La formation de Hauy à l'ouest de Chapais ; volcanisme sub-aérien en milieu fluviatile /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1985. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Mémoire (M.Sc.A.Geologie)--Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1985.
Une carte pliée, en pochette. "Mémoire présenté en vue de l'obtention de la maîtrise en sciences appliquées en géologie" CaQCU CaQCU Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
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46

Paiva, Francisco. "Fluvial facies architecture and provenance history of the Abrahamskraal-Teekloof formation transition (lower Beaufort group) in the main Karoo Basin." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20615.

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The Middle Permian lower Beaufort Group in the southern main Karoo Basin comprises of the fluvio-lacustrine Abrahamskraal and the overlying Teekloof and correlative Middleton Formations. These units are mainly made up of mudrocks with subordinate fine-grained sandstone-rich intervals. The objective of this mainly qualitative facies analysis study is the evaluation of the vertical and lateral abundances of the facies associations in order to decouple the preserved tectonic and climatic signals in the formations. The results on the stratigraphic trends should aid paleo-environmental, paleontological, and basin analysis studies, and improve our understanding of reservoir dynamics (e.g., permeability, connectivity) when used as outcrop analogues for subsurface fluvial reservoirs. High resolution facies mapping showed that flat-topped, laterally continuous (for 10s of Kms) channel-belt complexes are the most common external architecture of the channel sandstones in all formations.
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47

Maseko, Phindile Pearl. "Petrophysical evaluation and characterization of sandstone reservoirs of the western Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa for well D-D1 and E-AP1." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5181.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
The Bredasdorp Basin was formed consequent to extensional episodes during the initial stages of rifting in the Jurassic age. The basin acted as a local depocentre and was primarily infilled with late Jurassic and early Cretaceous shallow-marine and continental sediments. Two wells namely; D-D1 and E-AP1 were studied in order to evaluate the petrophysics and characterize sandstone reservoirs of the western Bredasdorp basin. This could be achieved by generating and comparing results from core analysis and wireline in order to determine if the two wells are comprised of good quality sandstone reservoirs and if the identified reservoirs produce hydrocarbons. A number of methods were employed in order to characterise and evaluate sandstone reservoir, these included; editing and normalization of raw wireline log data ,classification of lithofacies on the basis of lithology, sedimentary structures, facies distribution, grain size variation, sorting of grains, fossils and bioturbation; calibration of log and core data to determine parameters for petrophysical interpretation; volume of clay; determination of porosity, permeability and fluid saturation, cut-off determination to distinguish between pay and non-pay sands. Borehole D-D1 is located in the western part of the Bredasdorp Basin. Only two reservoirs in well D-D1 indicated to have pay parameters with an average porosity ranging from 11.3% to 16%, average saturation from 0.6% to 21.5% and an volume of clay from 26.5% to 31.5%. This well was abandoned due to poor oil shows according to the geological well completion report. On the contrary well E-AP1 situated in the northwestern section of the basin showed good quality reservoir sandstones occurring in the 19082m to 26963m intervals though predominantly water saturated. Pay parameters for all five reservoirs in this well showed zero or no average porosity, saturation and volume of clay.
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48

Moretti, Junior Paulo Augusto. "Analise de facies e modelo paleodeposicional da plataforma siliciclastica ordoviciana da Pre-Cordilheira Argentina." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264814.

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Abstract:
Orientador: Giorgio Basilici
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica e Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: Esta dissertação consiste no estudo sedimentológico e paleodeposicional de quatro unidades litoestratigráficas da Pré-Cordilheira Argentina, depositadas durante o Ordoviciano: Formação Portezuelo del Tontal (FPT), Formação Sierra de La Invernada (FSI), Formação Gualcamayo (FG) e Formação Los Azules (FLA). A FG e a FLA são caracterizadas por lamitos e margas depositados por decantação. A FPT é constituída por uma alternância entre arenitos finos a muito finos e lamitos. Os arenitos são frequentemente bipartidos: a porção basal, de granulometria areia média a fina, é espessa e maciça, apresentando intraclastos lamosos, tapetes de tração. A porção superior possui granulometria mais fina e é menos espessa, com laminação cruzada truncante anisotrópica (anysotropic hummocky cross stratification). Os arenitos são interpretados como gerados por fluxos gravitacionais influenciados por tempestades. A presença de laminação cruzada truncante na parte superior das camadas demonstram que a sedimentação ocorreu acima do nível de ondas de tempestades e que um fluxo gravitacional se desenvolveu concomitantemente às tempestades. A FSI é caracterizada por arenitos muito finos com laminação truncante anisotrópica intercalada com lamitos arenosos produzidos por correntes de turbidez muito diluídas e por decantação. A FSI apresenta abundantes icnofósseis, o que indica uma atividade biológica bentônica ativa. O sistema deposicional da FPT e da FSI é uma plataforma dominada por atividade de tempestades. A parte superior da FSI e a FPT são litologicamente semelhantes e ambas apresentam direções de paleocorrentes de norte para sul, o que evidencia que eram parte de uma mesma bacia. Os arenitos mais grossos e espessos, representados pelos depósitos da FPT, teriam passado por ambientes mais rasos (FSI) e se depositado em áreas mais profundas (FPT). Os depósitos arenosos muito finos gerados por tempestades são característicos de áreas mais rasas e proximais (FSI). A margem ocidental do Gondwana, durante o Meso e Neo-Ordoviciano, foi uma plataforma siliciclástica dominada por tempestades, com aprofundamento para sul localizada em uma bacia do tipo antepaís.
Abstract: This work consists in the study of sedimentological and paleodepositional features of four Ordovician lithostratigraphic units of the Precordillera Argentina: Portezuelo del Tontal Formation (PTF), Sierra de La Invernada Formation (SIF), Gualcamayo Formation (GF) and Los Azules Formation (LAF). The PTF is represented by alternating fine- to very fine grained sandstone and shale. Most sandstone strata are bipartite: a thicker lower part, medium to mediumfine grained size, massive, showing buoyant muddy clasts or traction carpet, and a thinner upper part, very fine in grain size, with anisotropic hummocky cross-stratifications. The sandstone is interpreted as gravitational flow generated by and combined with storms. The presence of anisotropic hummocky cross-stratification in the upper part of the strata testifies that the sedimentation occurred above the storm wave base and that the gravitational flow developed contemporaneously to the storm activity. The SIF is characterized by very fine-grained sandstone showing anisotropic hummocky cross stratifications, alternated with sandy pelite showing thin sandstone beds produced by low-density turbidity currents. The SIF is rich in ichnofossils, testifying a high biological benthic activity. The LAF and GF are characterized by shale and marl facies deposited mainly by settling. The depositional system of the PTF and SIF is dominated by storm activity. The transition of the upper part of the SIF to lithologies similar to PTF and analogous paleocurrent directions, from north to south, suggests that both formations take part of the same depositional basin. The thicker and coarser sandstones, represented by the PTF deposits, bypassed shallower areas (SIF) and deposited in deeper areas (FPT). Very fine storm generated sandy deposits in SIF were characterized by shallower and proximal areas. The western margin of the Gondwana in the middle-late Ordovician was characterized by storm-dominated siliciclastic shelf deposits in a foreland basin. The margin showed a progressive deepening toward south.
Mestrado
Reservatórios e Gestão
Mestre em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo
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49

Trueman, Jonathon David. "Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Burdekin Delta, Queensland and comparisons with Permian coastal facies in the Denison Trough, SW Bowen Basin, Australia /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17342.pdf.

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50

Xu, Jian-hong. "Sedimentary facies, diagenesis and petrophysical properties of the Triassic Reservoir sandstones of the Morecambe Gas Field, East Irish Sea, UK." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363404.

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