Dissertations / Theses: 'Facies sedimentology'

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Artzani, Nasser. "Facies and diagenesis at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary in SW Britain." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363835.

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Faulkner, Thomas Joseph. "Carbonate facies on a Lower Carboniferous storm influenced ramp in SW Britain." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/a8be6732-2a17-4eff-9e2a-e703a1337c29.

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The Lower Carboniferous ('mid'-Courceyan to early Chadian) Black Rock Limestone ramp succession of SW Britain, accumulated along the southern margin of the Welsh-Brabant Massif during the early stage of development of the SW European foreland basin. Two depositional cycles are recognized which culminate in the subaerial exposure of those sequences in a more landward setting. The lower depositional cycle includes the Barry Harbour Limestone Formation, which contains a variety of storm-related sedimentary structures including hummocky cross-stratification. This is conformably overlain by the tidally influenced, cross-stratified Brofiscin Oolite Formation which locally displays evidence of subaerial exposure. Seven sedimentary lithofacies are identified in these two formations, which record a distal to proximal, shallowing-upward trend that passes from beneath mean wave-base to above fairweather wave-base. The upper depositional cycle of the Friars Point Limestone Formation includes the volcanics at Middle Hope, the Waulsortian facies at Castlemartin and Cannington Park, and is capped by the (herein named) Portishead Paleosol Beds (near Bristol). Above the basal transgressive sequence, the Friars Point Limestone consists of two distinct offshore ramp facies belts. The more proximal inner ramp facies belt was more strongly influenced by storm-related currents and exhibits tubular tempestites (storm sediment-filled burrows). The finer-grained, outer ramp facies belt is extensively bioturbated and preserves few features indicative of deposition from storm-related currents. The effects and relative timing of differential subsidence was elucidated by using the well documented biostratigraphy to separate the succession into isochronous units. The onset of pronounced differential subsidence was signified by volcanic activity at Middle Hope (Weston-super-Mare). The volcanic tuffs form a coarsening- and shallowing-upward sequence which records the development of a localised, probably non-emergent, offshore-volcanic high. Recognition of a major eustatic sea level fall at the end of the Courceyan and during the early part of the Chadian, is revealed by studying the decline of the Waulsortian reefs in an offshore ramp setting and evaluating the regional significance of the Portishead Paleosol Beds. Overall, the development of the Black Rock Limestone ramp was the result of the interplay between eustacy and tectonism. A full petrographic and geochemical analysis of the Waulsortian dolomites at Castlemartin, including the use of stable isotopes revealed that dolomitization occurred during burial, most probably as a result of basin dewatering.

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Carr, Ian Daniel. "Facies analysis and reservoir characterisation of Jurassic sandstones from BjÃ¸rnedal, central east Greenland." Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269665.

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Moretti, Junior Paulo Augusto. "Analise de facies e modelo paleodeposicional da plataforma siliciclastica ordoviciana da Pre-Cordilheira Argentina." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264814.

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Orientador: Giorgio Basilici
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica e Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: Esta dissertação consiste no estudo sedimentológico e paleodeposicional de quatro unidades litoestratigráficas da Pré-Cordilheira Argentina, depositadas durante o Ordoviciano: Formação Portezuelo del Tontal (FPT), Formação Sierra de La Invernada (FSI), Formação Gualcamayo (FG) e Formação Los Azules (FLA). A FG e a FLA são caracterizadas por lamitos e margas depositados por decantação. A FPT é constituída por uma alternância entre arenitos finos a muito finos e lamitos. Os arenitos são frequentemente bipartidos: a porção basal, de granulometria areia média a fina, é espessa e maciça, apresentando intraclastos lamosos, tapetes de tração. A porção superior possui granulometria mais fina e é menos espessa, com laminação cruzada truncante anisotrópica (anysotropic hummocky cross stratification). Os arenitos são interpretados como gerados por fluxos gravitacionais influenciados por tempestades. A presença de laminação cruzada truncante na parte superior das camadas demonstram que a sedimentação ocorreu acima do nível de ondas de tempestades e que um fluxo gravitacional se desenvolveu concomitantemente às tempestades. A FSI é caracterizada por arenitos muito finos com laminação truncante anisotrópica intercalada com lamitos arenosos produzidos por correntes de turbidez muito diluídas e por decantação. A FSI apresenta abundantes icnofósseis, o que indica uma atividade biológica bentônica ativa. O sistema deposicional da FPT e da FSI é uma plataforma dominada por atividade de tempestades. A parte superior da FSI e a FPT são litologicamente semelhantes e ambas apresentam direções de paleocorrentes de norte para sul, o que evidencia que eram parte de uma mesma bacia. Os arenitos mais grossos e espessos, representados pelos depósitos da FPT, teriam passado por ambientes mais rasos (FSI) e se depositado em áreas mais profundas (FPT). Os depósitos arenosos muito finos gerados por tempestades são característicos de áreas mais rasas e proximais (FSI). A margem ocidental do Gondwana, durante o Meso e Neo-Ordoviciano, foi uma plataforma siliciclástica dominada por tempestades, com aprofundamento para sul localizada em uma bacia do tipo antepaís.
Abstract: This work consists in the study of sedimentological and paleodepositional features of four Ordovician lithostratigraphic units of the Precordillera Argentina: Portezuelo del Tontal Formation (PTF), Sierra de La Invernada Formation (SIF), Gualcamayo Formation (GF) and Los Azules Formation (LAF). The PTF is represented by alternating fine- to very fine grained sandstone and shale. Most sandstone strata are bipartite: a thicker lower part, medium to mediumfine grained size, massive, showing buoyant muddy clasts or traction carpet, and a thinner upper part, very fine in grain size, with anisotropic hummocky cross-stratifications. The sandstone is interpreted as gravitational flow generated by and combined with storms. The presence of anisotropic hummocky cross-stratification in the upper part of the strata testifies that the sedimentation occurred above the storm wave base and that the gravitational flow developed contemporaneously to the storm activity. The SIF is characterized by very fine-grained sandstone showing anisotropic hummocky cross stratifications, alternated with sandy pelite showing thin sandstone beds produced by low-density turbidity currents. The SIF is rich in ichnofossils, testifying a high biological benthic activity. The LAF and GF are characterized by shale and marl facies deposited mainly by settling. The depositional system of the PTF and SIF is dominated by storm activity. The transition of the upper part of the SIF to lithologies similar to PTF and analogous paleocurrent directions, from north to south, suggests that both formations take part of the same depositional basin. The thicker and coarser sandstones, represented by the PTF deposits, bypassed shallower areas (SIF) and deposited in deeper areas (FPT). Very fine storm generated sandy deposits in SIF were characterized by shallower and proximal areas. The western margin of the Gondwana in the middle-late Ordovician was characterized by storm-dominated siliciclastic shelf deposits in a foreland basin. The margin showed a progressive deepening toward south.
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Simoneau, Pierre. "Pétrographie, sédimentologie et analyse des facies de la formation de Daubrée, Chapais, Québec /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1986. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Mémoire (M.Sc.A.)-- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1986.
"Mémoire présenté en vue de l'obtention de la maîtrise en sciences appliquées en géologie" Page 157 manquante. CaQCU CaQCU Bibliogr.: ff. 99-110. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

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Henrique, Andre. "Modelo de facies de um sistema profundo de rampa submarina (Formação Punta Negra), Devoniano, Pre-Cordilheira Argentina." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264796.

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Orientador: Giorgio Basilici
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica e Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: A Formação Punta Negra (Meso- Neodevoniano da Pré-Cordilheira Argentina) consiste em uma espessa sucessão de depósitos siliciclásticos de água profunda. Esta unidade aflora por cerca de 300 km em direção N-S nas províncias de San Juan, Mendoza e La Rioja. Uma detalhada análise sedimentológica permitiu identificar seis litofácies depositadas pela ação de fluxos de densidade concentrados e correntes de turbidez. Três associações de fácies foram descritas e interpretadas: i) preenchimento de canais: camadas de arenito fino, com escassas estruturas e preenchendo feições erosivas, correspondentes a canais pouco espessos como sistema de aporte em uma rampa proximal; ii) lobos proximais: sucessões estrato-crescentes de camadas arenosas maciças na base e com estruturas de tração no topo, amalgamadas ou interacamadadas com níveis de lamito laminado, correspondendo a deposição de lobos num contexto de rampa proximal; iii) lobos distais/franjas: sucessões de lamito e camadas descontinuas de arenito muito fino que constituem os depósitos mais finos de todo o intervalo estudado, associados ao contexto de rampa distal. Os corpos sedimentares pertencentes às associações de fácies constituem elementos com características geométricas próprias. Os canais são do tipo deposicionais e pouco erosivos, os lobos deposicionais caracterizam corpos de geometria lobada/linguoide apresentando ciclos de compensação de espessuras. Por fim, os depósitos de franjas possuem grande extensão areal e com heterogeneidade acentuada pelo interacamadamento lamito/arenito. Com base na análise de fácies e associação de fácies e em informações levantadas por estudos anteriores, propõe-se um modelo de sistema deposicional turbidítico de rampa submarina rico em areia, caracterizado por um sistema de canais pouco espessos que atuam na forma de múltiplos pontos de aporte. A característica textural imatura dos sedimentos, a abundância de fragmentos vegetais e a deposição de estruturas típicas de fluxos de mais longa duração, são argumentos para propor um sistema de alimentação por meio de fluxos hiperpicnais provenientes diretamente do continente
Abstract: The Punta Negra Formation (Middle to Late Devonian of Argentine Precordillera) is a thick succession of siliciclatic deep-water deposits. This unit outcrops for c. 300 km along north-south direction in the provinces of San Juan, Mendoza and La Rioja. Detailed sedimentological permitted to identify six lithofacies deposited by concentrated density flows and turbidity currents. Three facies associations were described and interpreted: i) channel-filling deposits: massive fine grained sandstone erosive depressions that represent multiple shallow channels in a ramp system; ii) proximal lobes: thickening-upward successions of fine grained massive sandstone beds with a upper portion of very fine laminated sandstone; these beds are amalgamated or interbedded with laminated mudstone and represent depositional lobes in a proximal ramp context; iii) distal lobes/fringe: interstratifications of mudstone and very fine sandstone that are associated to a distal ramp. The channels are constituted of multiple depositional and minor erosional events. The depositional lobes include linguoid bodies with compensation cycles. The fringes have large extension and are characterized by thin interbedding of mudstone/discontinuous very fine sandstone. It was proposed a sand-rich deep-water ramp depositional model, which is characterized by a system of multiple minor erosive channels (multiple source). The immature sediments, the abundance of vegetal fragments and the typical structures of relative long-lived flows evidence a depositional system fed by hyperpicnal flows probably originated of major fluvial floods
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Klute, Margaret Anne. "Sedimentology, sandstone petrofacies, and tectonic setting of the Late Mesozoic Bisbee Basin, southeastern Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185723.

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The Late Mesozoic Bisbee basin of southeastern Arizona was an intracratonic back-arc rift basin. Extension was coupled with seafloor spreading in the Gulf of Mexico and back-arc extension behind a magmatic arc along the convergent Pacific continental margin. Tectonostratigraphic evolution of the basin occurred in three phases. Initial mid-Jurassic rifting of the basin, marked by eruption of the Canelo Hills Volcanics, may have been complicated by sinistral strike-slip motion along the Mojave-Sonora megashear. During continued rifting, from latest Jurassic to Early Cretaceous time, the Glance Conglomerate was deposited by alluvial fans and braided streams in grabens, half-grabens, and caldera-related depressions; locally interbedded volcanic rocks represent waning rift-related back-arc magmatism. The upper Bisbee Group was deposited during Early to earliest Late Cretaceous passive thermotectonic subsidence. The Bisbee Group and correlative strata occur in most mountain ranges in southeastern Arizona, and are subdivided into southeastern, northwestern, northern, and western facies. Southeastern facies were deposited in alluvial fan, meandering fluvial, estuarine, marginal marine and subtidal shelf environments as a transgressive-regressive sequence including a marine interval that was continuous with Gulf Coast assemblages during Aptian-Albian marine transgression. Northern facies were deposited in alluvial fan and braided stream environments along the northern rift shoulder of the basin. Southeastern and northern facies sandstones are dominantly quartzose, and were derived mainly from cratonic sources to the north. Subordinate volcaniclastic sandstones in the southeastern facies become more abundant to the west, proximal to eroding Jurassic and Cretaceous volcanic arcs. Basal northwestern facies arkosic strata deposited in alluvial fan, braided stream and lacustrine environments were derived from local basement uplifts, and were ponded in a northwestern depocenter by rift-related topography. A thin estuarine interval within overlying dominantly fluvial facies indicates integration of regional drainage networks by the time of maximum transgression. Transition upward to quartzose sandstone compositions reflects wearing down of local basement uplifts and increasing abundance of craton-derived sediment in the northwestern part of the basin. Western facies alluvial fan, braided stream and lacustrine intramontane deposits are composed of locally-derived arkose and lithic arkose.

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Buck, S. G. "Facies and sedimentary structures of the Folkestone beds (Lower Greensand, Early Cretaceous) and equivalent strata in Southern England." Thesis, University of Reading, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381923.

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Leith, Thomas Leslie. "The role of coals and carbonaceous shale facies in the petroleum reservoir system : a case study from the Gullfaks Field, Norwegian North Sea." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/545.

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Stouten, Craig A. "Subsurface Facies Analysis of the Clinton Sandstone, Located in Perry, Fairfield, and Vinton Counties." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1416147053.

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Copus, Jonathan Michael Jacks. "Sedimentology and facies architecture of the early Silurian slope-apron turbidite systems of the Welsh Basin." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624497.

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Hill, Robert E. (Robert Einar). "Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Middle Proterozoic Waterton and Altyn Formations, Belt-Purcell Supergroup, southwest Alberta." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63330.

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Gowland, Stuart. "Facies analysis of three members of the Scarborough Formation (Middle Jurassic : Lower Bajocian) in the Cleveland Basin, northeast England : Blea Wyke, Byland Limestone and Crinoid grit members." Thesis, University of Hull, 1987. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3919.

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The Scarborough Formation is the youngest marine horizon of formation status within the dominantly deltaic Aalenian - Bajocian Ravenscar Group, Cleveland Basin, northeast England. Sedimentary facies analysis has been performed on the three conformable lithostratigraphic units which make up the bulk of the Scarborough Formation outcrop: Blea Wyke, Byland Limestone and Crinoid Grit Members. This form of analysis was performed in an effort to determine the depositional environments of the members. The information derived from the study enables one to trace the palaeogeographic evolution of the Cleveland Basin throughout much of Scarborough Formation times.The clastic Blea Wyke Member [6 facies] is attributed to deposition in a shallow [<4m], essentially microtidal,delta-destructive marine embayment. This embayment formed through non-eustatic marine transgression initiated by the compactional subsidence of an abandoned [Gristhorpe Member] delta lobe. Open to the east, the embayment covered some 2000km2 of the Cleveland Basin when fully established. A range of sand bodies evolved on the silty embayment floor in response to spatial and temporal changes in the wind-forced wave and current regime. These sand bodies included subtidal shoals, laterally extensive storm-emplaced sand blankets, and a classic delta-destructive sheet sand formed through the landward translation of a low-profile barrier bar.Under sustained rate-of-subsidence controlled marine transgression, clastic input to the Blea Wyke Member embayment eventually waned. In response, the overlying Byland Limestone Member [6 facies] was deposited in the western part of the Cleveland Basin in the form of a carbonate-dominated lagoon-barrier-inner shelf complex. The barrier component of the complex evolved through transgressive upward-shoaling under the influence of wind-forced wave and current activity. Composed of pellet lime grainstones, it protected a lagoon within which the dominant deposits were pellet lime mudstones, wackestones and packstones. Lithological and faunal similarities between the lagoon and inner shelf suggest that much of the shelf region may have comprised former back-barrier lagoon-fills exhumed during transgression.Byland Limestone Member times were terminated by an acceleration in the rate of marine transgression followed by tectonic uplift and subsequent geomorphic decay of the major landmass to the north [Mid North Sea High]. Transgression generated an east-west orientated epeiric seaway connecting the Sole Pit Trough with an areally restricted Pennine Massif. Within this seaway, clastic sediment derived chiefly from the Mid North Sea High was deposited in the form of a progradational, regional-scale composite sheet sand body: the Crinoid Grit Member [8 facies]. Deposition occurred under the combined influence of tidal currents, wind-forced currents and wave activity. Three main facies belts are recognised: paralic tidal sandwave complex, storm-dominated inner shelf and sandy middle shelf. The presence of a tidal sandwave complex is particularly interesting; it indicates that the forging of a marine connection to the west of the Cleveland Basin was necessary before tidal cyclicity could become prominent within the basin.

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Ranson, Andrew M. "Transitional Facies and Sequence Stratigraphic Complexity of Shallow-Marine Star Point Formation to Coastal-Plain Blackhawk Formation Along Depositional-Strike, Wasatch Plateau, Utah." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1476.

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Facies and stratigraphic architecture right at the transition from marine to non-marine environments is poorly documented. In the Cretaceous outcrops of Utah, Star Point and Blackhawk Formations are well studied. The nature of spatio-temporal transition of these two Formations, in the deposition-strike orientation, remains undocumented. This study characterizes facies and stratigraphic complexity at the transition of the two Formations that crop out in depositional-strike orientation in the Wasatch Plateau. Data from outcrop including photomosiacs and measured sections demonstrate this complexity at a range of scales. The Star Point constitutes a shoreface environment. The Blackhawk constitutes a coastal-fluvial environment. In the northern part of study area, the transition from marine to continental strata is expressed by intertonguing succession. The dip-oriented outcrops show pinch-outs of two parasequences into coastal-plain deposits. This complexity decreases southward, the southern outcrops show a simple transition. At least two sequence boundaries are correlated across the outcrop belt.

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Chaney, Alistair John. "Sedimentology, facies architecture and hydrocarbon potential of the Merrimelia Formation (glacial Permo-Carboniferous), Southern Cooper Basin, South Australia." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1990. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU125529.

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Sedimentological analysis of cored sections within the Merrimelia Formation (basal Gidgealpa Group, Cooper Basin, South Australia) reveals a complex glacigenic environment, including glaciolacustrine, deltaic, shorezone, fluvial, aeolian and other associated terrestrial facies (over 20 different facies have been identified). These facies are observed within terminoglacial and proglacial environments and interfinger laterally and vertically constantly throughout the Merrimelia Formation, exhibiting rapid environment change related to the position of ice sheet. Detailed sedimentological and petrographical (Cubitt 1998) analysis suggests that Tirrawarra sandstone-type sandstones facies belong within the Merrimelia depositional realm. Provenance data (Cubitt 1998) indicates that the lithic component of the Tirrawarra Sandstone (sensu stricto), is sourced from reworked Merrimelia coeval depositional facies. It is proposed that the fluvial sandstones of the Merrimelia Formation are part of the same fluvial deposystem as the Tirrawarra Sandstone (sensu stricto) as the two sandstone sequences are the natural progression of coarsening sediment as more detritus was released from melting glaciers during deglaciation. It is suggested that there no longer remain any sedimentological, stratigraphical or petrographical (Cubitt 1998) reasons why the Tirrawarra Sandstone (sensu stricto) and the Merrimelia Formation glaciofluvial sandstones should not be grouped together as Tirrawarra-type facies within the Merrimelia glacigenic domain. Facies architecture across the basin on both field and basin wide scales has identified two regional lacustrine episodes, both of which are followed by a period of lacustrine basin clastic infill. Such cycles represent ice advance and retreat, allowing two deglaciation phases and one ice advance phase to be identified.

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Taylor, Andrew W. "Sedimentology, Facies Architecture, and Reservoir Characterization of Lacustrine Rocks, Eocene Green River and Colton Formations, Uinta Basin, Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 2002. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6780.

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Outcrop and petrographic studies of the Eocene Green River and Colton formations in the Uinta basin, Utah, document the facies architecture and heterogeneity characteristic of lacustrine reservoirs. A southwest-northeast transect of Eocene strata in the Uinta basin records three main marginal lacustrine depositional environments: fluvial, deltaic, and wave-dominated. Heterogeneity exists between and within individual depositional systems. Reservoir rocks of Outcrops One and Two (the flu vial facies of the Colton Formation and the deltaic facies of the Green River Formation, respectively) consist of 2 to 18 m thick lenticular, tabular, or undulatory channel-fill, distributary channel, and distributary mouth bar deposits that are partially to entirely compartmentalized, or encased, by mudstone units. These reservoir analog intervals are dominated by large scale heterogeneity, in that sand bodies show a variety of connectivity and lateral continuity. Small-scale heterogeneity exists within these sand bodies in the form of mud chip lag surfaces, large mud clast horizons, and discontinuous finer-grained beds. These features add complexity to the systems by reducing flow transmissibility or acting as flow baffles. The complex heterogeneity characteristic of these reservoir analogs confirms the need for detailed reservoir characterization studies on all scales in order to improve exploration and production efficiency in such systems. Outcrop Three (the wave-dominated facies of the Green River Formation) is dominated by thinner (2 to 4 m) tabular and laterally extensive offshore bar deposits that are compartmentalized by mudstone units. Large-scale heterogeneity is minimized in these reservoir analogs, in that sand bodies exhibit excellent lateral continuity and less complex amalgamation. Therefore, documentation of the smaller-scale heterogeneities (similar to those mentioned in the previous two outcrops) is necessary to better address exploration and production potential in these types of reservoirs. Data collected in this study were utilized in geostatistical simulations and fluid flow models in an attempt to document the effects of reservoir heterogeneity on hydrocarbon exploration and production efficiency in lacustrine basins. Further studies of this type are necessary if predictable classification systems and hierarchies of bounding surfaces are to be derived for lacustrine reservoirs. (152 pages)

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Devereaux, Alexander R. "A quantified facies scale depositional model for current controlled siliciclastic deep marine depositional systems." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/235129/1/Alexander_Devereaux_Thesis.pdf.

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Detailed analysis was carried out on sediment samples collected from the Gulf of Cádiz during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program 339. Grain size analysis is a vital sedimentological tool used to unravel the hydrodynamic conditions, modes of transport, and depositional environment. Statistical parameters, bivariate analysis, and log-probability curves were used to quantify the physical sedimentological characteristics and compare them to previously established conceptual models.

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Powell, Kristopher Michael. "Facies Analysis, Sedimentary Petrology, and Reservoir Characterization of the Lower Triassic Sinbad Limestone Member of the Moenkopi Formation, Central Utah: A Synthesis of Surface and Subsurface Data." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6672.

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Lower Triassic strata in the Wellington Flat and Tully cores reflect a lateral transition from shallow water strata (Wellington Flats core) to strata that indicate deposition on a relatively more distal, storm-dominated ramp (Tully core). The Sinbad Member, along with the upper part of the underlying Black Dragon Member and the lower part of the overlying Torrey Member (Moenkopi Formation), are composed of ten carbonate, siliciclastic and mixed carbonate/siliciclastic facies deposited on a west-facing ramp/shelf that reached maximum flooding during Smithian time. Individual beds and facies display a large degree of lateral homogeneity and regional persistence in the study area. The Wellington Flats core contains the three units characteristic of outcropping Sinbad Limestone: a basal skeletal unit, a middle peloidal unit, and an upper, oolitic dolomite unit. The more offshore Tully core is composed of skeletal grainstone, with fewer shallow-water carbonate and siliciclastic deposits. Discontinuity surfaces (hardgrounds, firmgrounds, and change surfaces) are common and indicate that sedimentation was punctuated by short-lived hiatuses accompanied by cementation, scour, and/or encrustation of the sediment-water interface. The Black Dragon, Sinbad, and lower Torrey Members represent at least one 3rd-order depositional sequence bounded below by the Tr-1 unconformity and above by lowstand deposits in the middle Torrey Member. Amalgamated fluvial channels in the middle of the Black Dragon Member may represent an additional 3rd-order sequence boundary that separates a Greisbachian sequence (lower Black Dragon Member) from the Smithian sequence (upper Black Dragon through lower Torrey members), but this is unsubstantiated by biostratigraphic data at present. Diagenesis is strongly controlled by facies. Diagenetic elements include marine fibrous calcite cements, micritized grains, compaction, dissolution and neomorphism of aragonite grains, meteoric cements, pressure dissolution, and dolomitization. The paragenetic sequence progresses from marine to meteoric to burial. Marine and meteoric cements occlude much of the depositional porosity, which ranges from 0 to 10 % in the sample interval. The best reservoir qualities in core (1.0 md) occur in grainstones and quartz-siltstones. Although its relative thinness precludes it from being a major producer, the Sinbad Limestone Member of the Moenkopi Formation bears potential for modest future oil production.

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Wulff, Keiran. "Upper Jurassic of the Barrow sub-basin: sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy and implications for reservoir development." Thesis, Curtin University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1177.

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A chronostratigraphic subdivision of the Upper Jurassic synrift sediments in the eastern Barrow Sub-basin was developed from the integration of core logging, petrography, well log sequence analyses and seismic stratigraphy. From this basis, the Callovian to base Cretaceous sediments may be subdivided into five depositional sequences. The development of the sequence boundaries, in most part, is closely related to periods of major changes in basin configuration associated with the sequential breakup of eastern Gondwanaland. Initiation of the Upper Jurassic rift complex occurred during late Callovian early Oxfordian associated with the development of a northeast-southwest trending spreading centre on the Argo Abyssal Plain. The spreading centre propagated southwards during the Late Jurassic. This resulted in active rifting in the Barrow Sub-basin and ultimately led to the separation of the Indian and Australian plates during Valanginian time.Upper Jurassic synrift sediments in the eastern Barrow Sub-basin consist of detached basin floor fan complexes, channelised and canyon fed fan systems, slump deposits, prograding outer shelfal to slope deposits and deep marine claystones. Post-depositional uplift of the eastern shelfal areas during the Late Jurassic resulted in erosion of the transgressive and highstand fluvial-deltaic to shelfal deposits. These periods of uplift and erosion provided much of the sediment redeposited in the basinal areas during the lowstand periods. Seven sandstone facies were recognised in the Upper Jurassic sedimentary section based on core control. Each sandstone has unique reservoir characteristics which can be related to the depositional setting.The abundance of glauconite and belemnites combined with ichnology and biostratigraphic assemblages associated with marine environments, indicate that deposition of all the sandstone facies occurred within an outer shelfal - deep marine environment. Reservoir quality was best developed in the dominantly medium grained, moderate - well sorted sandstones, (facies 7), which were deposited as detached, basin floor submarine fan sands or interbedded turbidites. In contrast, reservoir quality was relatively poorly developed in the remaining facies which were deposited as slope fans, slumps, or distal turbidite deposits.The abundance of quartz and presence of banded iron, jasper, and potassic feldspar grains support the provenance for the basinal sandstone facies being the Precambrian alkyl granites and banded iron formation of.the Pilbara Shield and Hammersley Ranges. These Precambrian igneous rocks and metasediments mark the eastern boundary of the Barrow Sub-basin study area. To predict the distribution of sedimentary facies in the Upper Jurassic synrift sediments of the eastern Barrow Sub-basin, the interplay between the major controlling depositional processes, namely tectonics, sediment supply and eustasy must be understood. Subdivision of the synrift sedimentary section on the basis of lithostratigraphy can be misleading and does not adequately resolve the facies relationships observed in the well intersection. The results of this research form the basis for a regional sequence analysis and seismic stratigraphic study.

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Mekhnache, Rachid. "Étude sédimentologique des dépôts graveleux du corridor Métabetchouan - Larouche /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2005. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Souza, Pricilla. "Evolution and stratigraphic architecture of tidal point bars with and without fluvial input: influence of variable flow regimes on sediment and facies distribution, and lateral accretion." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2705.

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Tide-influenced point bars represent a significant proportion of shallow-marine deposits, commonly developed along meandering channels in most backbarrier and estuarine systems. However, sedimentological studies to characterize this type of deposit are still emerging. They often present very heterogeneous internal architectures which development is controlled by the complex flow patterns operating in tidal environments. The study of the sedimentological and morphological characteristics of these features provides better understanding of the hydrodynamic processes that shape coastal systems and control their evolution as well as it contributes to better reservoir potential prediction and production strategy optimization, as tidal point bars may represent hydrocarbon reservoirs in subsurface and their heterogeneous characteristics directly impact reservoir quality. In this study, we investigated six modern tidal point bars located along distinct estuarine tidal channels in Georgia. Using core data, 2D shallow seismic data and current measurements and flow velocity profiles, we discussed the main hydrodynamic controls on sediment transport and distribution, and determined how they affect the morphology, the internal architecture and the sediment distribution within these bars. We confirmed that the influence of fluvial input in tidal channels plays an important role on the development of the morphology and the heterogeneous architecture of point bars as it adds more complexity to the system hydrodynamics, promoting more asymmetric variations in water level fluctuations and huge variations of current velocities. We proved that point bars developed in distinct tide-influenced channels and estuaries, although present very different sedimentary facies distribution, may have sedimentary facies in common, which organization is analogous to surface processes operating at each environment. We demonstrated that differences in tidal asymmetries between the ebb and flood channels produce sedimentological differences between the different parts of the bar. This study showed that tidal point bars present distinct heterogeneous sediment distributions, morphologies and internal architectures that do not conform to the existing theoretical models of fluvial point bars and highlighted that, despite the differences in local hydrodynamic conditions, similarities identified between the different bars permitted us to distinguish the sedimentological responses to regional allogenic events, which can be mistakenly interpreted as sedimentological responses to local autogenic events.

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Wulff, Keiran. "Upper Jurassic of the Barrow sub-basin: sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy and implications for reservoir development." Curtin University of Technology, National Drug Research Institute, 1991. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=17024.

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A chronostratigraphic subdivision of the Upper Jurassic synrift sediments in the eastern Barrow Sub-basin was developed from the integration of core logging, petrography, well log sequence analyses and seismic stratigraphy. From this basis, the Callovian to base Cretaceous sediments may be subdivided into five depositional sequences. The development of the sequence boundaries, in most part, is closely related to periods of major changes in basin configuration associated with the sequential breakup of eastern Gondwanaland. Initiation of the Upper Jurassic rift complex occurred during late Callovian early Oxfordian associated with the development of a northeast-southwest trending spreading centre on the Argo Abyssal Plain. The spreading centre propagated southwards during the Late Jurassic. This resulted in active rifting in the Barrow Sub-basin and ultimately led to the separation of the Indian and Australian plates during Valanginian time.Upper Jurassic synrift sediments in the eastern Barrow Sub-basin consist of detached basin floor fan complexes, channelised and canyon fed fan systems, slump deposits, prograding outer shelfal to slope deposits and deep marine claystones. Post-depositional uplift of the eastern shelfal areas during the Late Jurassic resulted in erosion of the transgressive and highstand fluvial-deltaic to shelfal deposits. These periods of uplift and erosion provided much of the sediment redeposited in the basinal areas during the lowstand periods. Seven sandstone facies were recognised in the Upper Jurassic sedimentary section based on core control. Each sandstone has unique reservoir characteristics which can be related to the depositional setting.
The abundance of glauconite and belemnites combined with ichnology and biostratigraphic assemblages associated with marine environments, indicate that deposition of all the sandstone facies occurred within an outer shelfal - deep marine environment. Reservoir quality was best developed in the dominantly medium grained, moderate - well sorted sandstones, (facies 7), which were deposited as detached, basin floor submarine fan sands or interbedded turbidites. In contrast, reservoir quality was relatively poorly developed in the remaining facies which were deposited as slope fans, slumps, or distal turbidite deposits.The abundance of quartz and presence of banded iron, jasper, and potassic feldspar grains support the provenance for the basinal sandstone facies being the Precambrian alkyl granites and banded iron formation of.the Pilbara Shield and Hammersley Ranges. These Precambrian igneous rocks and metasediments mark the eastern boundary of the Barrow Sub-basin study area. To predict the distribution of sedimentary facies in the Upper Jurassic synrift sediments of the eastern Barrow Sub-basin, the interplay between the major controlling depositional processes, namely tectonics, sediment supply and eustasy must be understood. Subdivision of the synrift sedimentary section on the basis of lithostratigraphy can be misleading and does not adequately resolve the facies relationships observed in the well intersection. The results of this research form the basis for a regional sequence analysis and seismic stratigraphic study.

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Cauxeiro, Cirilo. "Architecture stratigraphique du prisme néogène de la Kwanza, Angola, et relations avec les mouvements verticaux." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20120.

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Ce travail pionnier porte sur l'étude de l'architecture stratigraphique du Bassin de la Cuanza à partir d'une approche conjuguée multi-échelle croisant la géomorphologie, l'interprétation sismique et la sédimentologie de faciès de l'intervalle Oligocène à Actuel. L'objectif est de préciser l'âge, le partitionnement de faciès, les milieux de dépôts de la zone littorale dans le but de dater et de caractériser les mouvements verticaux en relation avec le fluage du sel (tectonique gravitaire) et le soulèvement général de la marge en lien avec la déformation de la lithosphère. L'analyse détaillée des affleurements de la zone côtière permet de manière complémentaire de préciser les conditions de drainage de la paléo-Cuanza avec la mise en évidence d'un prisme deltaïque de type patte d'oiseau au Pliocène qui prograde sur un système éolien côtier. Par ailleurs, plus vers l'intérieur du bassin, à hauteur de BomJesus, une zone de haut-fond conduit à la mise en place d'un Gilbert delta alimenté par une possible proto-Cuanza, en marge de la plate-forme mixte du Miocène inférieur. Plus au large de cette plate-forme, dans le secteur de Cabo do São Braz à Barra do Cuanza, l'analyse détaillée de l'architecture stratigraphique sur les falaises permet de caractériser d'un point de vue faciès et processus de dépôt une succession de systèmes de chenaux-levées en compensation montrant localement des processus d'injection sableuse précoce en lien avec l'instabilité des bordures du chenal. Ces systèmes Oligocène à Pliocène sont étroitement contrôlés par la croissance des diapirs (Cabo Ledo) et alimentés à la fois par les apports fluviatiles, le démantèlement des plis diapiriques et des apports de la plate-forme mixte. A Sangano, les marges des chenaux turbiditiques contiennent des sables bioclastiques à bioturbations de type skolithos et Ophiomorpha qui indiquent l'instabilité gravitaire de la plate-forme qui borde les gouttières subsidentes, avec un potentiel de recolonisation du fond sableux par les faunes "turbiportées". En remontant vers le Nord on passe progressivement à des faciès de pente soulignés par des niveaux de black-shales qui marquent la fenêtre de productivité planctonique. Ces faciès sont surmontés par des marnes à intervalles de tempestites caractéristiques de l'offshore transition. Enfin, au Sud de Miradouro da Lua, on a pu mettre en évidence dans le Miocène supérieur des faciès contouritiques qui remontent la pente suivant une succession de cannelures d'érosion. Ces faciès sont tronqués par des dépôts sableux bioturbés typiques d'un environnement de shoreface. Depuis Cabo de Sao Braz jusqu'à Luanda on observe donc une succession à la fois temporelle et paléo-environnementale qui conforte le modèle de soulèvement différentiel/basculement de la série vers le Nord. Du Sud vers le Nord, on observe ainsi une évolution depuis des dépôts turbiditiquesinterdiapiriques oligocènes à miocènes inférieur dans le secteur de Cabo do São Braz/Cabo Ledo jusqu'à des faciès deltaïques de la paléo-Cuanza Pliocène et fluviatiles de braid-delta Pléistocène à hauteur de Miradouro da Lua
This pioneering work, focuses on the study of the stratigraphic architecture of the Cuanza Basin, from a combined multi-scale approach crossing the geomorphology, seismic interpretation and sedimentologicalfacies from Oligocene interval to Present. The objective is to identify the age, the partitioning of facies, the environments of deposition of the coastal zone in order to date and characterize the vertical movements in relation to the salt creep (gravitational tectonic) and the general uplift of the margin related to the deformation of the lithosphere. Detailed analysis of the outcrops of the coastal zone allowed in a complementary manner specify the conditions of drainage of the paleo-Cuanza putting thus in evidence the identification of a deltaic prism type bird's foot in Pliocene which prograde on a coastal aeolian system. In addition, over to the basin, up to Bom Jesus, a shoal area led to the establishment of a Gilbert delta powered by a possible proto-Cuanza, in conjunction with the mixed platform of lower Miocene. Most off the shelf, in the area of Cabo de Sao Braz to Barra do Cuanza, a detailed analysis of the stratigraphic architecture of the cliffs allowed characterize in a viewpoint facies and depositional processes in a succession of channel-levee systems in compensation, showing locally early sandy injection processes related to the instability of the channel borders. These systems Oligocene to Pliocene are tightly controlled by the growth of diapirs (Cabo Ledo) and and sometimes they are fed by fluvial deposits, dismantling folds diapirs and contributions from mixed platform. In Sangano the turbidite channel banks contain the bioclastic sands with bioturbations type Skolithos and Ophiomorpha which indicate gravitational instability of the shelf that edge the subsidence incisions with a potential for colonization of the sandy bottom by Fauns "turbiportées". Going up to the north we pass gradually to slope facies highlighted by levels of black-shale that marks the window of planktonic productivity. These facies are overlain by marl with intervals of tempestites, characteristics of the offshore transition. Finally, to the South of Miradouro da Lua, we were able to put in evidence in upper Miocene contouritesfacies that climbs the slope following a series of grooves erosion. These facies are truncated by sandy deposits bioturbed typical of shoreface. From Cabo de Sao Braz until Luanda, sometimes is possible to obsreve a temporal and paleoenvironmental succession which reinforces the model of differential uplift or tilting of the series toward to the North. From South to the North, is observed an evolution of interdipiricturbiditic deposits of Oligocene to lower Miocene in the area of Cabo do Sao Braz / Cabo Ledo to deltaic facies of the paleo-Cuanza - Pliocene fluvial braid-delta of Pleistocene in Miradouro da Lua

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Bloxson, Julie M. Bloxson. "MINERALOGICAL AND FACIES VARIATIONS WITHIN THE UTICA SHALE, OHIO USING VISIBLE DERIVATIVE SPECTROSCOPY, PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS, AND MULTIVARIATE CLUSTERING." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1498664669872459.

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Duchesne, Mathieu. "Sédimentologie de dépôts quaternaires graveleux dans le bassin versant de la Rivière Chicoutimi à Laterrière, Québec /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2001. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Warusavitharana, Chamandika J. "Sedimentology and stratigraphy of microbialite facies in the roubidoux and Jefferson City formations of central and southwest Missouri and central Kansas." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/5981.

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Outcrop studies of sedimentary and stratigraphic features of microbial buildups are important in developing conceptual models for exploration of potential microbialite reservoirs. This study examines the occurrence and distribution of Lower Ordovician microbial fabrics in central Missouri and Kansas. The units studied include the Roubidoux and Jefferson City-Cotter Formations of the Arbuckle Group. To determine the depositional environments suitable for microbialite development, micro, meso, and macro-scale features were examined and their stratigraphic relationships established to the surrounding lithofacies. Microscopic-scale analysis reveals heavy dolomitization of strata, however remnant syndepositional features provide vital clues about the microbialite development. The occurrence of microbial structures is placed within a T-R cycle stratigraphic framework. The microbialites occurred within cyclical shallow marine deposits and are grouped into three cycle types. Type 1 deposits include subtidal mudstones to packstones that graded into intertidal stromatolites. Type 2 deposits include subtidal mudstones and packstones with thrombolite fabrics that graded into supratidal facies. Type 3 deposits include intertidal or supratidal facies that graded into supratidal facies. Thrombolites were more prevalent during the Jefferson City-Cotter and less during the Roubidoux times when sedimentation was high. They mostly grew at the top of the TST and bottom of the HST sequences. The stromatolites occurred right before the thrombolites during a TST sequence and after the thrombolites during an HST sequence.
Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Geology

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Le, Gouche Chloé. "Sédimentation de la matière organique dans les bassins profonds : cas du Bassin Arctique à l'Eocène." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S025/document.

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La matière organique continentale déposée dans les bassins profonds est peu décrite et représente un intérêt certain pour l'industrie pétrolière. Comprendre les processus sédimentaires qui permettent le dépôt et la préservation de cette matière organique d'origine terrestre dans les bassins profonds est alors fondamental. Durant le Paléogène, période de transition climatique greenhouse à icehouse, le Delta de Mackenzie, situé dans le Bassin Arctique, reçoit de la matière organique continentale du continent et en préserve une partie. Quel est le contexte stratigraphique et climatique qui a rendu possible l'export de la matière organique continentale. Dans un premier temps, l'étude sédimentaire du bassin a montré un delta mixte dominé par des processus fluviatiles, avec une influence moindre des processus de tempêtes et de marées. Ce modèle de faciès associé à l'étude des diagraphies des puits disponibles dans la zone a permis de proposer un modèle d'électrofaciès des puits du bassin et de caractériser les séquences sédimentaires du delta évoluer au cours du temps et mettre en évidence sa migration au début du Paléogène en réponse à la mise en place de la chaîne des Brooks et des Rocheuses. Malgré des contraintes biostratigraphiques contradictoires qu'il a fallu réévaluer et des données sismiques de mauvaise qualité et fortement impactés par la déformation contemporaine de la chaîne de Brooks, il a été possible de proposer le long de deux transects terre-mer un découpage stratigraphique et sédimentologique des séries paléogènes du Delta de Mackenzie. L'étude sédimentaire du bassin a montré la présence d'influence de processus de marée en zone interne du Bassin Arctique. La présence conjointe de pollens d'Avicennia et de Nypa a montré l'existence d'une mangrove bien installée en domaine Arctique durant le Paléogène avec des températures associées d'au moins 18-20 °C. Les dépôts de matière organique sont dans la quasi-totalité d'origine continentale du Delta de Mackenzie. Cette matière organique est de deux types : 1) des dépôts de charbon déposés durant la période où la mangrove se développe et 2) des dépôts formés d'association de débris végétaux et de matière organique amorphe et déposés en condition réductrice sous l'interface eau-sédiment. Ces dépôts de matière organique sont les plus importants à la fin des séquences progradantes dans les faciès de plaine deltaïque. Il a été montré une corrélation positive entre l'augmentation des TOC et l'augmentation des apports détritiques dans le delta, ainsi qu'entre les dépôts de charbon et illite. En revanche, aucune corrélation entre le second type (débris végétaux + MO amoprhe) de matière organique et le cortège argileux n'a pu être mise en évidence. A partir de la comparaison des dépôts de matière organique dans le Delta de Mackenzie et sur la Ride de Lomonosov, le taux de sédimentation et l'anoxie semblent être des paramètres clefs dans les conditions de sédimentation et surtout de préservation de la matière organique selon l'oxygénation du milieu. De plus, la Ride de Lomonosov semble semble avoir présenté un retard dans sa subsidence ce qui lui a permis de rester en position semi-émergée durant le Paléogène
The continental organic matter deposited in the deep basins is little described and represents a definite interest for the petroleum industry. Understanding the sedimentary processes that allow the deposit and preservation of this organic material of terrestrial origin in the deep basins is fundamental. During the Palaeogene, a period of glacial transition to icehouse, the Mackenzie Delta, located in the Arctic Basin, receives and maintains continental organic matter from the continent. What is the stratigraphic and climatic context that made possible the export of continental organic matter? Initially, the sedimentary study of the basin showed a mixed mixture dominated by the fluviatile process, with less influence of the process of storms and tides. This model of facies associated with the study of the logs of wells available in the zone made it possible to propose a model of electrical appliances of the wells of the basin and to characterize the sedimentary sequences of the delta to evolve over time and to demonstrate its migration to Beginning of the Paleogene in response to the establishment of the Brooks and Rocky Ranges. Despite the contradictory biostratigraphic constraints that had to be re-evaluated and poor quality seismic data and strongly impacted by the contemporary deformation of the Brooks chain, it is possible to propose a stratigraphic and sedimentological division along two land-sea transects. Paleogeographic series of the Mackenzie Delta. The sedimentary study of the basin showed the presence of influence of the tidal process in the internal zone of the Arctic Basin. The common presence of pollen from Avicenna and Nypa showed the existence of a mangrove well established in the Arctic domain during the Palaeogene with associated temperatures of at least 18-20 ° C. The deposits of organic matter are in the Almost all of continental origin of the Mackenzie Delta. This organic matter is of two types: (1) deposits of coal deposited during the period when the mangrove develops and (2) deposits formed by association of plant debris and amorphous organic matter and deposited under reducing conditions under the water interface -sediment. These deposits of organic matter are the most important at the end of the prograding sequences in the facies of the deltaic plain. A positive correlation was found between the increase in OCD and the increase in detrital inputs in the delta, as well as between deposits of coal and illite. On the other hand, no correlation between the second type (organic debris + MO amoprhe) of organic matter and the clayey cortege could not be demonstrated. From the comparison of organic matter deposits in the Mackenzie Delta and Lomonosov Ridge, the sedimentation rate and anteriority appear to be key parameters in sedimentation conditions and especially in the preservation of organic matter according to l Oxygenation of the medium. Moreover, Lomonosov's Ride presents itself as a guest in a home where it is permitted to remain in semi-emerged position during the Paleogene

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Trueman, Jonathon David. "Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Burdekin Delta, Queensland and comparisons with Permian coastal facies in the Denison Trough, SW Bowen Basin, Australia /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17342.pdf.

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Bergen, Anika. "Vertical and Lateral Facies Architecture of Levees and Their Genetically-Related Channels, Isaac Formation, Neoproterozoic Windermere Supergroup, Cariboo Mountains, B.C." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36434.

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At the Castle Creek study area, levee deposits are well-exposed over an area of ~2.6 km wide and ~90 m thick. This provides an opportunity to describe their lateral and vertical lithological changes, and accordingly details about their reservoir geometry and stratal continuity. Here, levee deposits are divided vertically into packages, each consisting of a sand-rich lower part overlain sharply by a mud-rich upper part. Each lower part displays a consistent thickening then thinning trend laterally away from its genetically related channel. The characteristics of these packages suggest that they were controlled by recurring changes in the structure of channellized flows, which in turn was controlled by grain size and grain sorting. This ultimately was controlled by short-term changes in relative sea level. Moreover, some mud- and sand-rich strata are rich in residual carbon suggesting that mid-fan levees can serve as source rocks for hydrocarbon generation, and also reservoirs.

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Ferry, Mark Peter. "An evaluation of the sedimentology and the influence of grain size and facies on permeability for the White Rose A-17 cored interval, White Rose Oilfield, offshore eastern Newfoundland /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2005. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,16593.

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Luca, Pedro Henrique Vieira de 1983. "Processos de transporte e deposição de material clástico em sistemas depocisionais costeiro e de plataforma marinha dominados por ondas (formações Lagarto e Palmares, Brasil e Formação Punta Negra, Argentina)." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287329.

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Orientador: Giorgio Basilici
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T01:34:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luca_PedroHenriqueVieirade_D.pdf: 18777385 bytes, checksum: c055caccb8a267d7dde58a2477d6acb9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: As formações Lagarto e Palmares (Cambriano-Ordoviciano, Domínio Estância) e a Formação Punta Negra (Devoniano, Precordilheira Argentina) representam unidades sedimentares antigas desenvolvidas em ambientes marinhos costeiros e plataformais dominados pela ação de ondas de tempestades. Nesta tese de Doutorado, estudaram-se depósitos de tempestade formados em uma área de intermaré (formações Lagarto e Palmares) e depósitos de tempestade desenvolvidos abaixo da linha de tempo bom em uma área de prodelta (Formação Punta Negra). As formações Lagarto e Palmares se desenvolveram em uma área de planície de maré aberta em que os processos sedimentares de maré e de tempestade interagiram entre si na distribuição de sedimentos de áreas costeiras até antepraia. Um detalhado estudo de análise de fácies foi utilizado para reconhecer e caracterizar as litofácies e os elementos arquiteturais, gerar um modelo de deposição para estas unidades e para discutir os fatores de geração e preservação das HCS em água rasa. Baseando-se na organização arquitetural dos depósitos sedimentares, construiu-se um modelo de distribuição de sedimento em que há uma passagem gradativa das áreas proximais de intermaré superior, dominadas por processos de maré e predomínio de sedimentos nas frações silte e argila, para as porções distais de intermaré inferior, em que prevalecem sedimentos arenosos e depósitos de tempestade. A Formação Punta Negra constitui uma espessa unidade sedimentar formada pela intercalação entre camadas areníticas e pelíticas. Por muitos anos esta unidade foi interpretada como um sistema deposicional marinho profundo produto de uma sedimentação gerada por fluxos turbidíticos. Contudo, neste trabalho esta unidade foi reinterpretada como um sistema deposicional de prodelta dominado pela atividade de ondas de tempestade. Uma análise de detalhe dos depósitos sedimentares permitiu identificar as principais fácies sedimentares, icnofácies e elementos arquiteturais e gerar um novo modelo de deposição para esta unidade. Construiu-se um modelo de sedimentação para esta unidade em que os depósitos se desenvolveram a partir da interação entre fluxos hiperpicnais gerados à frente de um sistema deltaico e fluxos oscilatórios de alta energia decorrentes de eventos de tempestade. Estes fluxos combinados possuíam direção perpendicular à paleolinha de costa, e perdiam energia no tempo e no espaço (costa afora). Os depósitos com maior granulometria, representados por areia média média-fina, são encontrados nas porções mais proximais e os sedimentos mais finos, representados por corpos pelíticos-arenosos, se concentram principalmente nas áreas distais do sistema deposicional
Abstract: Lagarto and Palmares formations (Ordovician-Cambrian, Estância Domain) and the Punta Negra Formation (Devonian, Argentine Precordillera) represent ancient sedimentary units developed in costal and platform storm dominated marine environments. In this PHD thesis, it was studied shallow water storm deposits developed in an intertidal area (Lagarto and Palmares formations) and storm deposits developed below the fair water wave base in an prodelta area (Punta Negra Formation). Lagarto and Palmares formations have been developed in an open coast tidal flat where the tidal and storm sedimentary processes have interacted to distribute sediments from the coast till the shoreface. Detailed facies analysis was used to recognize and characterize the lithofacies and architectural elements, define a depositional model e the controlling factors that preserved HCS in shallow-water. Based in the depositional architectural organisation, it was proposed a sedimentary distribution model in which there is a gradational transition between the proximal areas of upper intertidal, dominated by tidal processes and silty and shaly sediments, and the distal areas of lower intertidal, in which prevails sandy sediments and storm deposits. Punta Negra Formation constitutes a thick unit composed of monotonous interbeds of sandstone and sandy mudstone. This unit was previously interpreted as a deep water depositional system, however in this research it was reinterpreted as a storm dominated prodeltaic system. Detailed analysis of the sedimentary deposits allowed identifying the main sedimentary facies, ichnofacies and architectural elements and propose a new depositional model for this unit. It was built a sedimentary model in which the Punta Negra Formation deposits have been produced by combined and oscillatory flows which resulted by the combination of hyperpicnal flows and storm waves. The generated combined flows had a direction perpendicular to the paleocoast and were characterized by losing energy in the time and space (seawards). Coarser grained sediments, represented by medium size sand, are found in the proximal area and the finer grained sediments are mainly found in the most distal areas of the sedimentary system
Doutorado
Geologia e Recursos Naturais
Doutor em Ciências

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Cook, Preston Scott. "Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Middle Jurassic Preuss Sandstonein Northern Utah and Eastern Idaho." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6206.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Middle Jurassic Preuss Sandstone and re-evaluate past sedimentological interpretations. The Preuss is located in northern Utah, western Wyoming and eastern Idaho and is stratigraphically equivalent to the Entrada Sandstone, which is Callovian in age (Dossett et al., 2014). This study is the first attempt at 1) a sequence stratigraphic framework, 2) a petroleum system analysis and 3) an extraterrestrial analog study for the Preuss. This study frames the Preuss within three broad facies groups: marine, coastal and terrestrial. The marine group includes the open marine and restricted marine facies with associated subfacies, the coastal group includes coastal sabkha and associated subfacies, and the terrestrial group includes alluvial, inland sabkha and eolian facies with associated subfacies. Three sections in northern Utah and one section in eastern Idaho compromise the focus of this study. The three Utah sections were measured and described, and samples were collected from two Utah sections and the Idaho section. The Preuss Sandstone was deposited in an asymmetrical retroarc basin, consequently the Preuss thickens from the east towards west-central Utah and the Jurassic Elko highlands. The deposits are mostly terrestrial, which is in accord with recent sedimentological interpretations, but at odds with the old paradigm, which postulates that the Entrada and Preuss were largely tidal in origin. There are marine transgressions within the trough of the retroarc basin, and the transgressions affect terrestrial sedimentary patterns. During marine incurstions, alluvium shed off the highlands is confined west of the seaway, and does not prograde east of the trough until all the available accommodation is filled. The Preuss was deposited during a complete third-order sequence-stratigraphic cycle that lies within the Lower Zuni II second-order lowstand. The Preuss Sandstone can be used as an outcrop analog for ancient and modern environments both here on Earth and on other planetary bodies. The petroliferous Norphlet Formation along the U.S. Gulf Coast was deposited in an environment very similar to the Preuss, but the Waltherian succession of facies might be slightly different. Likewise, the facies present in the Preuss are analogous to modern arid environments, such as the Persian Gulf. Furthermore, the alluvial, sabkha, eolian and shallow marine facies of the Preuss are highly similar to facies observed in ancient Martian environments and modern environments on Saturn's moon, Titan.

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Briais, Justine. "Le Cénozoïque du bassin de Paris : un enregistrement sédimentaire haute résolution des déformations lithosphériques en régime de faible subsidence." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S002/document.

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Le bassin de Paris est considéré comme un exemple typique de bassin intracratonique (sag) affecté par une subsidence thermique long terme. Le Cénozoïque correspond à une période de faible subsidence (épaisseurs inférieures à 350m) et marque la fin du fonctionnement de ce bassin. C'est en outre une période de forte déformation de la plaque européenne, dans un contexte de convergence Afrique-Eurasie et d'ouverture de l'Atlantique Nord caractérisée par des inversions de grabens dans le Nord et l'Est de l'Europe. Si de nombreux hiatus ont été identifiés, les déformations cénozoïques du bassin de Paris, situées sur une croûte à l'équilibre et leur relation aux contraintes en limite de plaque restent méconnues. Cette thèse a pour objectif de recomposer à haute résolution spatiale et temporelle (de l'ordre du million d'années) les géométries sédimentaires 3D et les paléogéographies successives du Paléocène au début de l'Oligocène. Ce travail qui s'appuie sur de nombreuses données biostratigraphiques consiste en une approche couplée de sédimentologie de faciès et de corrélations diagraphiques (500 puits) selon les principes de la stratigraphie séquentielle. Trois ordres de séquences sont définis. Les cycles d'ordre supérieur (4ème et 3ème ordre) enregistrent les variations climato-eustatiques. Cinq séquences de dépôt (2e ordre), limitées par des discontinuités et/ou des réorganisations paléogéographiques sont identifiées : (1) Maastrichtien-Danien ; (2) Thanétien-Yprésien ; (3) Lutétien-Bartonien ; (4) Bartonien-Priabonien terminal et (5) Priabonien terminal-Chattien. Les architectures des séquences (1) à (4) sont contrôlées par des phases de flexures. Après des émersions lors des paroxysmes de flexuration, la relaxation progressive des flexures se traduit tout d'abord par la mise en place de profils pentés et ouverts, puis par des profils de plus en plus plats et confinés associés à une transgression généralisée. Du Thanétien au Bartonien s'observent des flexures d'axe E-W, dont les âges sont compatibles avec les différentes phases de la convergence Ibérie-Eurasie. En outre, une déformation de courte durée à l'Yprésien basal est rattachée à l'ouverture de l'Atlantique Nord. Enfin, une réorientation majeure du bassin possiblement liée au début de la collision Apulie-Eurasie est observée au Priabonien. Ce travail fournit un calage à haute résolution pour la compréhension et la modélisation des déformations intraplaques. Différentes tailles de flexure, de l'ordre de 150 à plus 300 km sont observées traduisant une implication d'épaisseurs plus ou moins importantes de la lithosphère
The Paris basin is currently considered as a typical example of intracratonic basin (sag) affected by long term thermal subsidence. The Cenozoic is a period a low subsidence (less than 300m thick) and correspond to the end of the Paris basin sedimentation. Moreover, it is a period of strong deformation of the European plate related to Africa Europe convergence and North Atlantic opening, well known through numerous grabens inversions in northern and eastern Europe. While hiatus have been highlighted within Paris Basin sedimentation, cenozoic deformations of this thicker crust basin still poorly known. This thesis aims at recompose high resolution temporal and spatial evolution of 3D sedimentary geometries and palaeogeographies from Thanetian to Lower Oligocene. This work is firstly based on available and newly acquired biostratigraphic data. Facies sedimentolgy and well data correlations based on sequence stratigraphy principles allowed to recompose the basin evolution at 1Ma timescale. 2 orders of sequences were identified. Third order sequences (1My duration) seems to be controlled by climate-eustasy. Five main (2nd order) sequences bounded by unconformities and/or palaeogeographic reorganization are highlighted : (1) Maastrichtian-Danian ; (2) Thanetian-Ypresian ; (3) Lutetian-Bartonian ; (4) Bartonian-top Priabonian et (5) Top Priabonian-Chattian. Sequences 1 to 4 correspond to basin scale flexure which control their architecture. Following emersion during the main flexural phases, flooding start with relatively steep depositional profiles. As flexure progressively relax, flatter depositional profiles take place together with overall transgression. This work yield high resolution constraints for the understanding and thermomechanical modelling of intraplate deformations various lenght of flexures form 150 to 300km and more are identified and traduces different thickness of deformed lithosphere. From Thanetian to Bartonian, successives E-W oriented flexures take place which ages are congruent with the main phases of Iberia-Eurasia convergence. A short term deformation in basal Ypresian is attributed to the onset of North Atlantic opening. Finally major basin-scale reorientation during Priabonian could be linked to the onset of Apulia- Eurasia continental collision

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Megner-Allogo, Alain-Cedrique. "Sedimentology and stratigraphy of deep-water reservoirs in the 9A to 14A Sequences of the central Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17400.

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Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Barremian to Albian siliciclastic deep-water deposits of the central Bredasdorp Basin were investigated primarily in terms of their stratigraphic evolution, depositional characteristics and facies distribution. Cores from the deep-water deposits reveal that the facies successions are composed of massive, ripple cross- to parallel-laminated sandstones, conglomerate, massive claystone, alternating laminated to interbedded sandstone/siltstone and claystone, laminated and clay-rich siltstone. These facies are grouped into channel-fill, sheet-lobe, overbank and basin plain deposits, by inference. The application of sequence stratigraphy, based on gamma ray and resistivity log patterns, reveals that all 3rd-order depositional sequences comprise 4thorder cycles. The latter are subdivided into three components (lowstand, transgressive and highstand systems tracts), based on vertical facies changes and internal stratigraphic key surfaces. Taking the 13Amfs as the stratigraphic datum for each well, correlation was possible on a regional basis. Lowstand deposits, comprising thick amalgamated massive sandstones, were interpreted to represent channelfills. Their vertical and horizontal stacking forms channel-fill complexes above Type 1 unconformities. Adjacent thin-bedded intervals, comprising parallel- to ripple cross-laminated sandstones, were interpreted as levee/overbank deposits, whereas clay-rich intervals were interpreted to represent basin plain deposits of hemipelagic origin. Facies associations and their distribution have revealed that channel-fills are associated with overflow deposits and sheet sand units. These deposits, as well as downdip sheet sands associated with small channel-fills within the 9A, 11A/12A, 13A Sequences and the 14A Sequence were interpreted to have been deposited in a middle fan to upper fan setting. A similar association occurs in the 10A Sequence, except that thick conglomerate units are present at the base of proximal channel-fills. This led to interpret the 10A Sequence as being deposited in a base-of-slope to upper fan setting. The thickness of each sequence, as revealed by isochore maps, shows sinuous axial flow path which corresponds to channel-fill conduit. The continuous decrease of this sinuosity upward in the succession was interpreted as being related to basin floor control along the main sand fairways. Successive flows result in erosion-fill-spill processes, which locally favour connectivity of reservoirs over large areas. Recognition of higher-order sequences and key stratigraphic surfaces helps to understand internal stratigraphic relationships and reveals a complex and dynamic depositional history for 3rd-order sequences. However, sparse well control and uneven distribution of boreholes, as well as lack of seismic and other data, limited the models derived for this study.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Barremiaanse tot Albiaanse silisiklastiese diepwater afsettings van die sentrale Bredasdorp Kom is hoofsaaklik in terme van stratigrafiese evolusie, afsettingskarakteristieke en fasies distribusie ondersoek. Kerne van die diepwater afsettings toon dat die fasies opeenvolgings uit massiewe, riffelkruis- tot parallel-gelamineerde sandstene, konglomerate, massiewe kleistene, afwisselende gelamineerde tot intergelaagde sandstene/slikstene en kleistene, sowel as gelamineerde en klei-ryke slikstene bestaan. Hierdie fasies word onderverdeel in kanaalopvulsel, plaatlob, oewerwal en komvlakte afsettings. Die toepassing van opeenvolgingsstratigrafie gebaseer op gammastraal en resistiwiteit log patrone toon dat alle 3de-orde afsettingsopeenvolgings uit 4deorde siklusse bestaan. Laasgenoemde word onderverdeel in drie komponente (lae-stand, transgressie en hoë-stand sisteemgedeeltes), gebaseer op vertikale fasies veranderinge en interne stratigrafiese sleutel vlakke. Korrelasie op ‘n regionale basis is moontlik gemaak deur die 13Amfs as die stratigrafiese verwysing vir elke boorgat te neem. Lae-stand afsettings, wat uit dik saamgevoegde massiewe sandstene bestaan, word geïnterpreteer as kanaalopvulsels. Die vertikale en horisontale stapeling van die sandstene vorm kanaalopvulsel komplekse bo Tipe 1 diskordansies. Naasliggende dungelaagde intervalle, wat uit parallel- tot kruisgelaagde sandstene bestaan, word geïnterpreteer as oewerwal afsettings, terwyl klei-ryke intervalle geïnterpreteer word as verteenwoordigend van komvlakte afsettings van hemipelagiese oorsprong. Fasies assosiasies en hul verspreiding toon dat kanaalvul geassosieër word met oorvloei afsettings en plaatsand eenhede. Hierdie afsettings, sowel as distale plaatsande geassosieër met klein kanaalopvulsels binne die 9A, 11A/12A, 13A en die 14A Opeenvolgings, word geïnterpreteer as afgeset in ‘n middelwaaier tot bo-waaier omgewing. ‘n Soortgelyke assosiasie bestaan in die 10A Opeenvolging, behalwe dat dik konglomeraat eenhede teenwoordig is by die basis van proksimale kanaalopvullings. Dit het gelei tot die interpretasie van die 10A Opeenvolging as afgeset in ‘n basis-van-helling tot bo-waaier omgewing. Die dikte van elke opeenvolging, soos verkry vanaf isochoor kaarte, toon ‘n kronkelende aksiale vloeipad wat ooreenkom met ‘n kanaalopvulling toevoerkanaal. Die aaneenlopende afname van hierdie kronkeling na bo in die opeenvolging word geïnterpreteer as verwant aan komvloer-beheer langs die hoof sand roetes. Opeenvolgende vloeie veroorsaak erosie-opvul-oorspoel prosesse, wat lokaal die konnektiwiteit van reservoirs oor groot areas bevoordeel. Herkenning van hoër-orde opeenvolgings en sleutel stratigrafiese vlakke dra by tot ‘n goeie begrip van die interne stratigrafiese verhoudings en ontbloot ‘n komplekse en dinamiese afsettingsgeskiedenis vir 3de-orde opeenvolgings. Beperkte boorgatbeheer en ‘n tekort aan seismiese en ander data het egter ‘n beperkende rol gespeel in die daarstel van modelle vir hierdie studie.

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Santos, Mauricio Guerreiro Martinho dos. "Evolução dos sistemas fluviais através do tempo geológico: fácies sedimentares, arquitetura deposicional e estruturas de deformação sinsedimentar em exemplos do Torridonian, Bacia do Camaquã e Old Red Sandstone." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44141/tde-10102014-085051/.

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Uma série de pesquisas realizadas em depósitos de sistemas fluviais, desenvolvidos anterior e concomitantemente à colonização dos continentes por vegetação, são aqui apresentadas com o intuito de investigar as principais características deposicionais destes sistemas, particularmente suas assembléias de fácies e elementos arquitetônicos preservados. Esta pesquisa busca, desta maneira, propor modelos deposicionais para sucessões fluviais pré-vegetação e contribuir para o avanço do conhecimento sobre as mudanças seculares em padrões de sedimentação, principalmente em relação à evolução dos rios através do tempo geológico. Estudos sedimentológicos foram realizados em depósitos fluviais da Formação Applecross do Grupo Torridon (Toniano, Escócia), Formação Guarda Velha do Grupo Guaritas (Cambriano, Brasil) e no Old Red Sandstone do Midland Valley (Siluriano-Carbonífero, Escócia). Foram empregadas análises de associações de fácies e arquitetura deposicional por meio de estudos de alto detalhe em afloramentos, combinadas a análises de paleocorrentes, de proveniência, e de estruturas de deformação sinsedimentar. Depósitos de canais fluviais meandrantes pré-vegetação com espessos depósitos de planícies de inundação ricos em sedimentos de granulação fina são pela primeira vez descritos em detalhe nos estudos aqui apresentados sobre depósitos da Formação Applecross. Diversas estruturas de deformação sinsedimentar encontradas na unidade acima referida são analisadas, revelando que seus estilos podem ser relacionados a diferentes regiões de uma planície fluvial. Nos depósitos da Formação Guarda Velha, é registrada a inter-relação entre dois sistemas fluviais coevos, cuja arquitetura deposicional contrastante resultou da diferente localização destes sistemas em relação à estrutura da bacia, assim como de diferentes áreas de captação. São relatados os efeitos de distintos controles deposicionais, como ambiente tectônico e regimes hidráulicos, sobre a arquitetura deposicional preservada em sistemas fluviais pré-vegetação. Esses dados demonstram que o estilo entrelaçado-em-lençol, apontado como o estilo pré-vegetação predominante, engloba na verdade uma variedade de diferentes estilos fluviais. Estudos em depósitos do Siluriano ao Carbonífero do Old Red Sandstone revelam o crescente impacto da vegetação sobre depósitos fluviais, particularmente o aumento exponencial de formação de paleosolos, além de mostrar semelhanças entre alguns destes sistemas com os sistemas pré-silurianos. A integração desses estudos revela que sistemas fluviais pré-vegetação são relativamente mais complexos do que previsto pelos modelos atualmente disponíveis. Importantemente, sugere que a escassez de sedimentos de granulção fina, preservados em depósitos fluviais pré-silurianos, está mais relacionada à baixa competência destes sistemas em preservar tais sedimentos do que à sua suposta ausência em ambientes pré-vegetação. Foi também desenvolvida uma metodologia específica para o uso de estruturas de deformação em sedimentos inconsolidados como ferramentas na reconstrução de paleoambientes, através das relações entre diferentes estilos deformacionais e ambientes deposicionais, possibilitando a indicação de regimes hidráulicos em depósitos fluviais e a informação indireta de taxas de atividades tectônicas em bacias. A integração de dados de sedimentologia com estudos específicos de deformação sinsedimentar é uma ferramenta útil na reconstrução paleoambiental de sistemas fluviais.
A series of studies were undertaken on fluvial systems deposits which developed prior to land-plant colonization, in order to investigate the main depositional characteristics of those systems, particularly their main facies assemblages and preserved depositional architecture. Main objectives are the proposal of depositional models for pre-vegetation fluvial systems, and the understanding of main secular changes in sedimentation processes and its influence on the evolution of rivers through geological times. Sedimentologic studies were undertaken in fluvial deposits from the Applecoss Formation of the Torridon Group (Tonian, NW Scotland), the Guarda Velha Formation (Cambrian, southern Brazil), and the Old Red Sandstone in the Midland Valley (Silurian-Carboniferous, NE Scotland). Highly-detailed sedimentary facies and depositional architecture analyses in outcrop scale were integrated with palaeocurrent and provenance studies, and soft-sediment deformation analysis. Pre-vegetation meandering channel deposits with relatively thick, fine-grained floodplain deposits from the Applecross Formation and here described for the first time. Analyses on sinsedimentary deformation structures preserved in the Applecross Formation reveal different styles which can be related to different parts of the fluvial plain. Studies on the Guarda Velha Formation revealed the inter-relationship between two coeval fluvial systems with markedly contrasting preserved depositional architecture, which developed as a result of the different location of the systems in relation to basin structure and different caption areas. The effects of different depositional controls on preserved pre-vegetation fluvial system architecture, such as tectonic environment and hydraulic regime, are recorded and interpreted. The present data demonstrate that the sheet-braided style, which is regarded as the prevailing fluvial style before the Silurian, in fact encompasses a varied number of different pre-vegetation fluvial styles. Studies on the Silurian to Early Carboniferous Old Red Sandstones in the Midland Valley of Scotland reveal the progressive impact of land plants on fluvial sedimentation, particularly the exponential increasing rates of soil production. Integration of the here presented data reveal that pre-vegetation fluvial styles. Studies on the Silurian to Early Carboniferous Old Red Sandstone in the Midland Valley of Scotland reveal the progressive impact of land plants on fluvial sedimentation, particularly the exponential increasing rates of soil production. Integration of the here presented data reveal that pre-vegetation fluvial systems are relatively more complex than previously described in the literature. Importantly, it suggests that the paucity of fine-grained sediments in pre-Silurian fluvial deposits is most likely related to various preservation issues than to the lack of such sediments. A particular methodology for the use of soft-sediment deformation structures as palaeoenvironmental tool was developed, allowing the interpretation of hydraulic regimes in fluvial deposits, indication of the basin\'s tectonic activity, and the relationship between different deformation styles and distinct depositional environments. The combined analyses of soft-sediment deformation structures and sedimentologic data is a powerful tool with which fluvial systems palaeoenvironmental can be reconstructed.

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Klopfenstein, Trey. "High-frequency Sequences within the Lower Mississippian Allensville Member, Logan Formation, South-central Ohio." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1525864536290455.

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37

Backert, Nicolas. "Interaction tectonique-sédimentation dans le rift de Corinthe, Grèce. Architecture stratigraphique et sédimentologie du Gilbert-delta de Kerinitis." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457060.

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La stratigraphie synrift du bloc de faille est divisée en trois groupes stratigraphiques, représentant une épaisseur de 1624 m. Le Groupe inférieur est composé de sédiments fluvio-lacustres, le Groupe moyen comporte les Gilbert-deltas géants et leurs faciès fins associés, le Groupe supérieur est formé de Gilbert-deltas récents à actuels ainsi que de formations superficielles. La discordance basale de l'Unité du prérift présente une paléotopographie. La phase d'extension précoce (Groupe inférieur) est caractérisée par une très faible subsidence assurée par l'activité précoce de la faille de Pirgaki et des failles mineures. La transition avec la phase d'extension principale (Groupe moyen) est marquée par un approfondissement du bassin ainsi que par une augmentation du taux de subsidence. La phase d'abandon et de soulèvement du bloc (Groupe supérieur) est caractérisée par des évènements de creusement-comblement. Le Gilbert-delta géant de Kerinitis se serait déposé dans la période Pléistocène inférieur-Pléistocène moyen, en milieu marin. L'étude de la sédimentologie de faciès a permis de mettre en évidence quatre associations de faciès : topset, foreset, bottomset, prodelta. L'architecture stratigraphique est composée de onze Unités Stratigraphiques (SU) séparées par onze Surfaces Stratigraphiques (KSS). Dans un contexte de création continue d'espace d'accommodation, les SU se déposent pendant les maxima et les périodes de chute du niveau marin. Les KSS se mettent en place pendant des périodes d'augmentation du niveau marin. Les quatres étapes de construction du Gilbert-delta de Kerinitis ont enregistré le début, le maximum et l'arrêt de l'activité du système de failles.

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Olivier, Marie. "Environnements mixtes fluviatiles et éoliens : facteurs de contrôle et de préservation des dépôts éoliens en domaines endoréique et côtier : exemples du Permien du Sud de la Mer du Nord et du Sud-Est de l’Utah (USA)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S173.

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Le Permien, dernière période du Paléozoïque, est marquée par la fin de l'assemblage de la Pangée induisant une continentalisation de vastes étendues sans équivalent dans les temps géologiques. Cette évolution géodynamique s'accompagne d'une aridification liée à la déglaciation du Permien Inférieur favorisant la sédimentation d'importants dépôts éoliens. La bonne préservation de ces dépôts dans l'enregistrement sédimentaire fait du Permien une période privilégiée pour l'étude des sédiments continentaux éoliens et fluviatiles que ce soit en contexte endoréique ou exoréique. Ce travail s'intéresse aux facteurs de contrôle (allocycliques versus autocycliques) de la préservation des dépôts éoliens dans les séries mixtes éoliennes et fluviatiles au travers de deux bassins permiens : (1) le Bassin du Paradox dans le Sud-Est de l'Utah, USA ; (2) les séries de l'Upper Rotliegend II dans le domaine offshore des Pays-Bas, partie intégrante du Bassin Permien du Sud de la Mer du Nord. Ces deux bassins ont enregistré le dépôt de séries mixtes éoliennes et fluviatiles en contexte exoréique pour le Bassin du Paradox, et en contexte endoréique pour les séries de l'Upper Rotliegend II. L'étude de terrain réalisée dans le Sud-Est de l'Utah a abouti grâce à la description détaillée de coupes sédimentologique (1) à la mise en évidence de dépôts marins tout au long de la succession sédimentaire, la littérature récente ayant surestimé les dépôts de dunes éoliennes ; (2) à la réalisation de corrélations haute résolution afin de proposer un schéma stratigraphique et de montrer l'évolution des paléo-environnements au cours du temps ; (3) à démontrer le contrôle eustatique et climatique (paléosols, flux sédimentaires fluviatiles) sur la préservation des dunes éoliennes côtières. L'étude des séries de l'Upper Rotliegend II réalisée grâce à des données de subsurface (carottes sédimentaires et diagraphies) a permis (1) à partir de descriptions détaillées de carottes de mettre en évidence la surestimation des dépôts de dunes éoliennes préservés dans la zone d'étude ; (2) de réaliser des corrélations diagraphiques haute résolution et de proposer un schéma stratigraphique, (3) de définir des cycles stratigraphiques majeurs et mineurs rétrogradants et des groupements d'unités génétiques contrôlés par les variations climatiques dans le bassin et dans la zone d'alimentation (4) et de mettre en évidence l'influence jusqu'alors sous-estimée des flux sédimentaires fluviatiles sur le remaniement et la préservation des dépôts éoliens
Permian is the last period of the Paleozoic era and is marked by the final buildup of Pangea, implying a continentalization of large areas, to an extent that had no equivalent in geological times. This increase in continentality, together with the Early Permian deglaciation, lead to an aridification that is traduced by the sedimentation of aeolian deposits. Due to the particularly good preservation of these deposits, Permian series offer the unique opportunity to study continental (aeolian and fluvial) sedimentation in both endoreic and exoreic contexts. This work aims to better constrain the allocyclic and autocyclic processes controlling the preservation of aeolian deposits within mixed aeolian - fluvial sedimentary series, in two Permian basins: (1) the Paradox Basin in south-east Utah, USA; and (2) the Upper Rotliegend II series in the offshore domain of Netherlands, which is part of the Permian basins of the North Sea. These two basins recorded the sedimentation of mixed aeolian and fluvial series, respectively in an exoreic context for the Paradox Basin, and in an endoreic context for the Upper Rotliegend II series. Field-based sedimentological analyses of several sections of the Early Permian series from the Paradox Basin (SE Utah, USA) allowed (1) to demonstrate the occurrence, through the entire sedimentary succession, of marine deposits previously underestimated and attributed to aeolian dunes in the recent literature; (2) to perform high-resolution correlation used to propose a stratigraphic scheme showing the evolution of the paleoenvironments through time and space; and (3) to demonstrate the control of eustatic and climatic processes (development of paleosols, variations of fluvial sedimentary flux) on coastal aeolian dunes preservation. Subsurface data analyses (sedimentary core analyses and well-logging) of the Upper Rotliegend II series (North Sea), allowed (1) from detailed core descriptions, to demonstrate that aeolian dune deposits had been overestimated in the study area; (2) to perform high resolution well-log correlations and propose a stratigraphic scheme; (3) to define genetic unit sets, major and minor stratigraphic cycles controlled by variations of climate and sediment supplies within the basin and the source areas; and (4) to demonstrate the influence of fluvial flux on reworking and preservation of aeolian deposits, which was, until now, underestimated

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Lanzarini, Wilson Luiz. "Modelos e simulações de facies e sequências sedimentares fluviais e eólicas de reservatórios petrolíferos." Universidade de São Paulo, 1995. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44136/tde-27112015-110757/.

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Nas bacias sedimentares brasileiras produtoras de hidrocarbonetos (petróleo e gás natural), três unidades estratigráficas de origem fluvial e/ou eólica se destacam como reservatórios: a Formação Sergi, do Jurássico, fase pré-rifte da Bacia do Recôncavo; a Formação Açu, do Cretáceo Superior, fase drift da Bacia Potiguar; e a Formação Monte Alegre, base da seqüência clástico-evaporítica de idade carbonífero-permiana da Bacia do Solimões. A Formação Sergi, principal objetivo deste estudo, apresenta fácies de sistema fluvial de canais entrelaçados, associados às fácies eólicas de dunas e interdunas. A Formação Açu foi depositada em um sistema fluvial de carga mista, com características entre entrelaçado e meandrante, e pode ser caracterizada como de um sistema meandrante de granulometria grossa. A Formação Monte Alegre apresenta fácies de dunas, interdunas, lagos de pequeno porte, sabkhas, e canais de wadis, de sistema desértico. As fácies sedimentares destes sistemas são caracterizadas através da descrição de testemunhos e de afloramentos, com ênfase nos aspectos da geometria deposicional das unidades. Modelos deposicionais conceituais de uma a três dimensões são construídos para as três unidades estratigráficas, procurando-se incorporar aos mesmos as dimensões das fácies e associações. Por meio da utilização de software disponíveis na literatura, são aplicadas algumas técnicas de modelagem matemática e simulação de fácies e seqüências deposicionais. São utilizados modelos probabilísticos de processos de Markov e da geoestatística (simulação condicional de variáveis categóricas, no caso, fácies sedimentares). Modelos matemáticos determinísticos baseados em parâmetros deposicionais, tais como taxas de migração, sedimentação e subsidência do sistema, são empregados para geração de formas de leito, estruturas sedimentares primárias e seqüências aluviais. Três imagens de satélite de ambientes sedimentares recentes, equivalentes aos sistemas deposicionais antigos das unidades estratigráficas em estudo, são processadas e classificadas em categorias de fácies sedimentares. Estas imagens são então empregadas no estudo geoestatístico para a determinação da variabilidade em planta das unidades genéticas. Os resultados obtidos pela modelagem deposicional detalhada e pelas simulações matemáticas mostram a geometria e os padrões da distribuição de fácies sedimentares em uma ou mais dimensões, para cada um dos sistemas deposicionais estudados. Os modelos conceituais e matemáticos empregados apresentam resultados complementares, fornecendo dados possíveis de serem incorporados um ao outro, e ambos contribuindo para a definição de aspectos da geometria deposicional dos reservatórios. A integração entre modelos matemáticos probabilísticos (geoestatística de variáveis categóricas) e determinísticos (simulação de seqüências aluviais) permite a melhor escolha de parâmetros de entrada dos programas, como também uma melhor avaliação dos resultados das simulações.
In the Brasilian sedimentary basins that have oil and gas production, three stratigraphic units of fluvial and/or eolian origin are important reservoirs: the Jurassic Sergi formation, pre-rift sequence of Recôncavo basin, the Upper Cretaceous Açu formation, drift sequence of Potiguar basin, and the Monte Alegre formation, the lower stratigrafic unit of the clastic-evaporitic sequence of the Carboniferous-permian age of the Solimões basin. The Sergi formation is the main object of this work. It shows facies of a braided fluvial system, associated with eolian facies of dunes and interdunes. The Açu formation was deposited in a fluvial system of mixed load with characteristics between braided and meandering systems and can be described as a coarse grained meanderbelt system. The Monte Alegre formation shows facies of dunes, interdunes, small lakes, sabkhas, and channels of wadis, and constitutes a desertic system. The sedimentary facies of these systems are characterized though cores and outcrops descriptions, with emphasis on the depositional geometry of the units. Conceptual depositional models of one to three dimensions are elaborated for these three stratigrafic units where facies dimensions and associations are incorporated. With the help of available software in the literature, some technics of mathematical modeling and simulation of depositional facies and sequences are applied. Probabilistic models related to Markov processes and the geostatistic model (conditional simulation of categorical variables - in this case - sedimentary facies) are used. Deterministic models based on depositional parameters such as migration and sedimentation rates and system subsidence are used to generate bed forms, hydrodinamic sedimentary structures and alluvial sequences. Three satellite images of recent sedimentary environments that are equivalent to the ancient depositional systems of the stratigraphic units under study are processed and classified into categories of sedimentary facies. These images are then used in the geoestatistical study for the determination of the horizontal variability of the genetic units.

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40

Zacharias, Angélica Álida. "Preenchimento de vales incisos por associações de fácies estuarinas, formação Rio Bonito, nordeste do Paraná /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92857.

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Orientador: Mario Luis Assine
Banca: Rosemarie Rohn Davies
Banca: Almério Barros França
Resumo: A Formação Rio Bonito é a unidade inferior do Grupo Guatá, Eopermiana da Bacia do Paraná. Compreende, da base para o topo, os membros Triunfo, Paraguaçu e Siderópolis. No Estado do Paraná, a espessura da Formação Rio Bonito diminui para norte, principalmente em conseqüência do adelgaçamento e acunhamento do Membro Triunfo, que desaparece no sul do Estado de São Paulo. Para investigar estas variações de espessura e de fácies na Formação Rio Bonito, foi escolhida uma área no nordeste do Estado do Paraná onde a unidade apresenta bons afloramentos e poços para correlação, além de existirem importantes ocorrências de carvão. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, foram levantados perfis estratigráficos verticais e confeccionadas seções estratigráficas, levantados dados de paleocorrentes, caracterizadas associações de fácies sedimentares, correlacionados dados de superfície com os de perfis de poços, interpretados os paleoambientes de sedimentação e comparado o empilhamento estratigráfico da área estudada com o de áreas adjacentes. Cinco associações de fácies foram caracterizadas, permitindo constatar que a parte inferior da Formação Rio Bonito no nordeste do Estado do Paraná apresenta espessuras variáveis por ser o produto de preenchimento sedimentar uma sobre superfície deposicional irregular. Devido à existência de paleovales na superfície do topo do Grupo Itararé, de estruturas sedimentares produzidas por correntes de maré e de paleocorrentes bipolares para norte e sul, a parte inferior da Formação Rio Bonito foi interpretada como produto de preenchimento de vales incisos por depósitos aluviais e de canais de maré (associações de fácies 1 e 2, Membro Triunfo), sobrepostos retrogradacionalmente por lamitos e arenitos de canais de maré da zona central do estuário (associação de fácies 3)...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Rio Bonito Formation is the lowermost unit of the Guatá Group, Early Permian of the Paraná Basin. It comprises from the bottom to the top, the Triunfo, Paraguaçu and Siderópolis Members. In the State of Paraná, the thickness of the Rio Bonito Formation decreases northwards, mainly because of the thinning and wedging out of the Triunfo Member, which disappears in the south of the State of São Paulo. To investigate thickness and facies variations in the Rio Bonito Formation, an area in the northeast of the State of Paraná was chosen wherein the unit presents good outcrops and wells for correlation, besides the existence of important coal beds. To reach the proposed objectives, vertical stratigraphic profiles and stratigraphic sections were made, paleocurrents data were obtainded, sedimentary facies were characterized, correlation between surface and well profile data were performed, sedimentation paleoenvironments were interpreted and the local stratigraphic succession correlated with adjacent areas. Five facies associations were characterized, being possible to observe that the thickness variations of the Rio Bonito Formation in the northeast of the State of Paraná resulted from sedimentation on an irregular depositional surface. Due to the existence of paleovalleys and the sedimentary structures produced by tide currents and bipolar paleocurrents towards the north and south, the lower portion of the Rio Bonito Formation was interpreted as a product of incised-valleys filled-up by estuarine alluvial and tidal channels deposits (facies associations 1 and 2, Triunfo Member). The succession is retrogradational and the basal section is overlayed by mudstones and sandstones of tidal-channels from the innermost portion of the estuary (facies association 3)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

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Landro, Federica. "Studio sedimentologico e micropaleontologico di una carota prelevata nel Delta del Po (Olocene della Pianura Padana)." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10823/.

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L'integrazione di dati micropaleontologici a dati sedimentologici ha permesso la ricostruzione paleoambientale di una porzione di carota prelevata nel Delta del Po. Sono state riconosciute 5 associazioni di facies riconducibili ad altrettanti ambienti deposizionali: retrobarriera, barriera trasgressiva, piattaforma, transizione fra piattaforma e prodelta e prodelta. Lo studio delle associazioni a foraminiferi bentonici ha consentito la caratterizzazione micropaleontologica delle facies riconosciute. E' stato cosi possibile definire la superficie di massima ingressione marina (MFS) al tetto della associazione di facies di piattaforma al passaggio ai depositi di transizione al prodelta.

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MENEZES, FILHO Nelson Ramos de. "Geologia da sinclinal de Ituaçu, escala 1:100.000." reponame:Repositório Institucional da CPRM, 1998. http://rigeo.cprm.gov.br/jspui/handle/doc/14687.

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Canuto, Jose Roberto. "Facies e ambientes de sedimentação da formação Rio do Sul (Permiano), Bacia do Paraná, na região de Rio do Sul, Estado de Santa Catarina." Universidade de São Paulo, 1994. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44136/tde-17072013-144504/.

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A \"depressão\" de Rio do Sul é uma ampla área de deposição relativamente espessa de sedimentos clásticos, predominantemente finos (acima de 400 m) da Formação Rio do Sul, unidade superior do Subgrupo Itararé (Carbonífero superior), mostrada em mapas de isópacas e litofacies, na parte centro-leste de Santa Catarina, Bacia do Paraná, Brasil. A subsidência da área iniciou-se durante o Permiano inferior (Intervalo H; DAEMON & QUADROS, 1970) controlada por sistemas de falhamentos sudeste-noroeste e nordeste-sudoeste, resultando em uma depressão de mais de 200 km de comprimento por mais de 100 km de largura, adjacente à margem leste da Bacia do Paraná. Os altos de Porto União-Canoinhas e uma sela interveniente delimitam a margem noroeste da sub-bacia, que foi circundada em suas margens nordeste, sul e sudoeste por terrenos de relevo moderado, desenvolvidos sobre rochas do Pré-Cambriano e Paleozóico inferior. Durante o Permiano inferior, um lobo glacial moveu-se para noroeste, ocupando a \"depressão\", como indicado por estrias e marcas em crescente, sobre rochas do embasamento cristalino, extensivamente depositando camadas finas e descontínuas de tilito de alojamento. Deu-se então um rápido recúo da frente da geleira, controlada por marés, seguido de elevação do nível do mar na Bacia do Paraná (SANTOS, 1987), a qual inundou a borda a partir de noroeste, permitindo a deposição local de diamictito estratificado (fluxos de detritos) e de ritmitos regulares com clastos caídos (varvitos), por sobre o tilito de alojamento ou sobre o assoalho marinho erodido pelo gelo e isostaticamente rebaixado. Os depósitos glaciais foram cobertos por espessa seção de folhelhos escuros, marinhos de água profunda, com abundantes clastos caídos, que se tornam gradualmente escassos e desaparecem rumo à parte média da sequência. Embora isto possa ser considerado indicativo da existência de uma frente glacial controlada por marés, produzindo grande quantidade de areias, diamictons e lamas em sua linha de aterramento, por correntes de água de degelo, eventuais sedimentos glácio-marinhos proximais que tenham sido depositados foram erodidos. As condições persistentes de facies de águas profundas são associadas com frequentes episódios de fluxo gravitacional de sedimentos, sob a forma de espessos turbiditos e fluxo de diamictitos arenosos, que se moveram das margens da sub-bacia, centripetamente rumo ao centro, formando grandes corpos lobados (leques) que se transformam em turbiditos finos a espessos de flanja de leque. Os fluxos de massa podem ter sido disparados principalmente por subsidência contínua, tectonicamente controlada, da sub-bacia, associada a variações do nível do mar. Um possível reavanço da frente glacial, de curta duração, é evidenciado na parte superior da Formação Rio do Sul, em sua margem sudeste e outros pontos da margem da sub-bacia, pela intercalação, no folhelho negro, de associação de areias escorregadas ou depósitos sigmóides deltáicos, e diamictito arenoso, conglomerados e clastos caídos dispersos, ou espessa seção de ritmitos regulares (varvitos) erosionalmente truncados por massas de arenitos caóticos, escorregados, conglomerados e diamictito arenoso. Os ritmitos contêm abundantes clastos caídos, pelotas de till, montículos e lentes de detritos despejados de icebergs, ou liberados de icebergs aterrados, às vezes associados a sulcos causados pelos mesmos. Uma extensa facies de folhelho síltico e arenito fino, com estratificação lenticular, ondulada e flaser, segue-se, transicionalmente, aos folhelhos escuros marinhos, indicando condições de águas rasas, provavelmente sob a ação de marés, recoberta por arenitos deltáicos progradantes da Formação Rio Bonito.
The Rio do Sul embayment is an ample are of relatively thick and predominantly fine clastic deposition (over 400 m) of the Rio do Sul Formation, uppermost unit of the Itararé Subgroup (Late Carboniferous-Early Permian), depicted by isopach and lithofscies mapping in central-eastern Santa Catarina State, Paraná Basin, Brazil. Subsidence of the area started in the Early Permian (Patynozone H; DAEMON & QUADROS,1970), contrcted by criscrossed southeast-northwest and noftheast-southwest faults resulting in a more than 200 km long and more than 100 km wide depression adjacent to the eastern margin of the Paraná Basin. The Porto União-Canoinhas highs and an intervening saddle delimitate the northwest margin of the sub-basin. Moderate relief terrains developed on Precambrian-Lower Paleozoic rocks surround the basin on its northeast, south and southwest margins. In the Early Permian, a grounded glacial lobe of Western Gondwana Ice Sheet moving towards northwest occupied the depression, as indicated striae and crescentic marks on crystalline basement rocks, extensively depositing thin, discontinuous patches of lodgement tillite. Rapid retreat of a tidewater glacier margin followed a sea level rise in the Paraná Basrn (SANTOS, 1987), which flooded the basin from its northwest mouth. This left only local deposits of stratified diamictite (debris flow) and of regular rhythmites with dropstones (varvites) on the lodgement tillite or the gtacially abraded and isostatically depressed basin floor. The glacial deposits were overlain by a thick section of marine deep water, dark shales with abundant dropstones which become gradually scarcer and disappear towards the middle part of the sequence. Although this may be taken as denotating a tidewater ice margin, no proximal glacial-marine sediments have been preserved. The persistent deep water facies deposition is associated with frequent episodes of downslope sediment gravity flow of thick sand turbidites and by stumped and flowed sandy diamictites which moved from the basin margins centripetally towards its center forming large, lobate bodies (fans) fringed by thin to thick turbidites. Triggering of the flows is mostly assigned to continuous tectonic controlled subsidence of the basin associated with minor sea level changes. A possible short lived readvance of the ice front is recorded in the upper part of the Rio do Sul Formation at the southeast end and other points at the basin margin by dropstones and the intercalation in the dark shales of chaotic associations of slumped or sigmoidal deltaic sandstone, sandy diamictite, conglomerate and dispersed, oversized clasts, or by a thick section of regular rhythmites (vavites) erosionaly truncated by chaotic slumped masses of sandstone, conglomerate and sandy diamictite. The rhyhmites contain abundant dropstones, till pellets, mound and lenses of debris dumped or released from floating or grounded icebergs sometimes associated with icebergs scours. A widespread facies of interlaminated silty-shale and fine sandstone with lenticular, wavy and flaser stratification follows transitionally the marine dark shales indicating shallower, probably tidal conditions, below the prograding deltaic sandstones of the ovelying Rio Bonito Formation.

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Zacharias, Angélica Álida [UNESP]. "Preenchimento de vales incisos por associações de fácies estuarinas, formação Rio Bonito, nordeste do Paraná." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92857.

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Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP)
A Formação Rio Bonito é a unidade inferior do Grupo Guatá, Eopermiana da Bacia do Paraná. Compreende, da base para o topo, os membros Triunfo, Paraguaçu e Siderópolis. No Estado do Paraná, a espessura da Formação Rio Bonito diminui para norte, principalmente em conseqüência do adelgaçamento e acunhamento do Membro Triunfo, que desaparece no sul do Estado de São Paulo. Para investigar estas variações de espessura e de fácies na Formação Rio Bonito, foi escolhida uma área no nordeste do Estado do Paraná onde a unidade apresenta bons afloramentos e poços para correlação, além de existirem importantes ocorrências de carvão. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, foram levantados perfis estratigráficos verticais e confeccionadas seções estratigráficas, levantados dados de paleocorrentes, caracterizadas associações de fácies sedimentares, correlacionados dados de superfície com os de perfis de poços, interpretados os paleoambientes de sedimentação e comparado o empilhamento estratigráfico da área estudada com o de áreas adjacentes. Cinco associações de fácies foram caracterizadas, permitindo constatar que a parte inferior da Formação Rio Bonito no nordeste do Estado do Paraná apresenta espessuras variáveis por ser o produto de preenchimento sedimentar uma sobre superfície deposicional irregular. Devido à existência de paleovales na superfície do topo do Grupo Itararé, de estruturas sedimentares produzidas por correntes de maré e de paleocorrentes bipolares para norte e sul, a parte inferior da Formação Rio Bonito foi interpretada como produto de preenchimento de vales incisos por depósitos aluviais e de canais de maré (associações de fácies 1 e 2, Membro Triunfo), sobrepostos retrogradacionalmente por lamitos e arenitos de canais de maré da zona central do estuário (associação de fácies 3)...
The Rio Bonito Formation is the lowermost unit of the Guatá Group, Early Permian of the Paraná Basin. It comprises from the bottom to the top, the Triunfo, Paraguaçu and Siderópolis Members. In the State of Paraná, the thickness of the Rio Bonito Formation decreases northwards, mainly because of the thinning and wedging out of the Triunfo Member, which disappears in the south of the State of São Paulo. To investigate thickness and facies variations in the Rio Bonito Formation, an area in the northeast of the State of Paraná was chosen wherein the unit presents good outcrops and wells for correlation, besides the existence of important coal beds. To reach the proposed objectives, vertical stratigraphic profiles and stratigraphic sections were made, paleocurrents data were obtainded, sedimentary facies were characterized, correlation between surface and well profile data were performed, sedimentation paleoenvironments were interpreted and the local stratigraphic succession correlated with adjacent areas. Five facies associations were characterized, being possible to observe that the thickness variations of the Rio Bonito Formation in the northeast of the State of Paraná resulted from sedimentation on an irregular depositional surface. Due to the existence of paleovalleys and the sedimentary structures produced by tide currents and bipolar paleocurrents towards the north and south, the lower portion of the Rio Bonito Formation was interpreted as a product of incised-valleys filled-up by estuarine alluvial and tidal channels deposits (facies associations 1 and 2, Triunfo Member). The succession is retrogradational and the basal section is overlayed by mudstones and sandstones of tidal-channels from the innermost portion of the estuary (facies association 3)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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45

Castro, Darcilea Ferreira. "Sedimentologia, estratigrafia, palinologia, diatomáceas e geoquímica de depósitos quaternários na margem leste da Ilha de Marajó, Pará, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44141/tde-23012011-182838/.

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O registro de depósitos quaternários tem aumentado em áreas costeiras da região Amazônica. No entanto, estudos detalhados são ainda necessários visando interpretar seus ambientes de deposição, bem como reconstituir sua evolução ao longo do Quaternário. Em particular, faltam informações sobre a reconstituição das variações do nível relativo do mar ao longo da margem equatorial brasileira de modo a possibilitar a inclusão dessa área em discussões de interesse regional e global enfocando clima, tectônica e eustasia. O presente trabalho representa um esforço de integração de vários tipos de dados, i.e., sedimentologia, estratigrafia, palinologia, diatomácea, datação 14C, \'delta\'\'ANTPOT.13 C\', \'delta\'\'ANTPOT.15 N\' e C/N, objetivando reconstituir a evolução de paisagens no leste da Ilha do Marajó durante o final do Quaternário. Aspectos ligados a paleoambientes de sedimentação, padrões de vegetação, flutuações climáticas e variação do nível do mar serão abordados. Um total de 98 amostras de sedimentos argilosos e arenosos foi obtido de 85 m de testemunhos coletados com a sonda à percusão Robotic Key System (RKS). Estes testemunhos derivam de cinco poços (TSM4, TSM8, TSM10, TSM11 e TSM12) variando entre 10 e 24 m de profundidade, que foram distribuídos em um transecto proximal-distal correspondente a uma paleomorfologia em funil relacionada a um paleoestuário. As idades registradas variam entre 42.580 (±1430) anos A.P. e 3.184 (±37) anos A.P. Análises de fácies indicaram depósitos de areias grossas a finas, com estratificações plano-paralelas ou cruzadas, e argilas, maciças ou laminadas, intercaladas por camadas heterolíticas. Estas sucessões apresentam padrão granocrescente e/ou granodecrescente ascendente. Valores de \'delta\'\'ANTPOT.13 C\', \'delta\'\'ANTPOT.15 N\' e C/N sugerem matéria orgânica oriunda de fontes diversas, com contribuição de plantas terrestres (principalmente plantas \'C IND.3\'), bem como fitoplâncton marinho e de água doce, como tipicamente esperado em estuários. A combinação de dados isotópicos, C/N e associações de fácies, permitiu identificar ambientes deposicionais correspondentes a canal fluvial, planície de inundação, canal e planície de maré, bacia central, delta de maré, complexo barreira/inlet e lago. A análise palinológica apresentou mistura de táxons típicos de floresta, de vegetação aberta e de mangue. Em geral, não se detectou mudanças drásticas nos padrões de vegetação no leste da Ilha de Marajó nos últimos 40.000 anos. A assembléia polínica foi melhor representada nos testemunhos dos poços TSM8 e TSM4. Neste último, as oito amostras basais (i.e., MR248 a MR258) registraram tipos arbóreos, como Alchornea, Euphorbiaceae, Euterpe, Malpighiaceae e Moraceae/Urticaceae. Na vegetação de mangue, Rhizophora constituiu o gênero mais comum, enquanto Poacea e Cyperaceae foram os mais freqüentes entre os táxons de ervas. A proporção entre pólen de floresta e de ervas mostrou-se constante em todas as zonas inseridas no Pleistoceno Tardio. Porém, aumento significativo de tipos herbáceos, com espécies pioneiras representadas por Alchornea e Moraceae/Urticaceae, foi registrado a partir de 6.790 (±60) anos A.P. Portanto, esta é a idade considerada para o estabelecimento de vegetação aberta do leste da Ilha de Marajó. Análises de diatomáceas dos testemunhos TSM8, TSM10 e TSM11, onde não houve registro polínico, foram consistentes com o valores isotópicos e de C/N, indicando intervalos com maior contribuição de matéria orgânica derivada de fitoplâncton marinho. Diatomáceas identificadas nestes testemunhos são, em grande parte, espécies e gêneros marinhos, como Actinoptychus splendens, Paralia sulcata, Coscinodiscus radiatus, Coscinodiscus sp e Thalassiosira sp. Táxons continentais como Actinella sp1, Aulacoseira, Eunotia zygodon, Desmogonium e Pinnularia foram registrados em uma única amostra no topo do testemunho TSM8. Informações faciológicas, juntamente com dados isotópicos, elementares, \'ANTPOT.14 C\', palinológicos e de diatomáceas, são consistentes com a existência de paleoestuário com domínio de onda no Pleistoceno Tardio e Holoceno no nordeste da Ilha do Marajó, previamente ao estabelecimento do lago Arari. As fases iniciais propostas para a interrupção do influxo fluvial para o paleoestuário Arari coincidem com a formação de vegetação aberta na ilha e a conseqüente diminuição das áreas de mangue no Holoceno médio. O efeito da tectônica regional parece ter sido de grande contribuição nas mudanças da paisagem do Marajó durante o Pleistoceno e Holoceno. Divergência do nível relativo do mar proposto para a Ilha do Marajó em relação ao padrão global, combinado com o aumento de registro de atividade tectônica no Pleistoceno Tardio e Holoceno, levaram à hipótese de que eventos transgressivos poderiam ter sido devidos à subsidência tectônica, e não à eustasia. A transgressão registrada antes de 29.000 anos A.P. ocorreu simultaneamente à forte tendência de queda eustástica após o Último Máximo Interglacial. Além disto, a transgressão holocênica no Marajó é registrada entre 9.000 e 5.000 anos A.P., portanto tendo início antes do pico transgressivo global do Holoceno médio. Durante este período de ascensão eustática, o nível relativo do mar na Ilha de Marajó começou a estabilizar, processo este que culminou com a significativa progradação da costa no final deste período. Da mesma forma, é improvável que a abertura da vegetação, com aumento significativo em espécies herbáceas, registrada a partir do Holoceno médio tenha efeito climático, uma vez que ela ocorreu simultaneamente à mudança de clima relativamente mais árido para relativamente mais úmido. A hipótese mais provável é que vegetação aberta tenha se estabelecido no leste da Ilha de Marajó em função de mudança hidrológicas, talvez promovida pela subsidência tectônica e subseqüente estabilização, culminada com a recente progradação da linha de costa.
The record of Quaternary deposits has increased in coastal areas of the Amazon region. However, detailed studies are still needed aiming to interpret their depositional environments, as well as reconstruct their evolution throughout the Quaternary. In particular, there is a lack of information about the reconstruction of relative sea level along the Brazilian equatorial margin to enable the inclusion of this area in discussions of regional and global interest focusing climate, tectonics and eustasy. The present work represents an effort to integrate vários types of data, i.e., sedimentology, stratigraphy, palinology, diatoms, \'ANTPOT.14 C\' dating, \'ANTPOT.13 C\', \'delta\' \'ANTPOT.15 N\' and C/N, aiming to reconstruct landscape evolution in eastern Marajó Island during the late Quaternary. Aspects related to sedimentary paleoenvironments, vegetation patterns, climate fluctuations and relative sea level changes will be approached. A total of 98 samples of muddy and sandy sediments was obtained from 85 m of cores collected with a percusion Robotic Key System (RKS). These cores derive from five drills (TSM12, TSM11, TSM10, TSM8 and TSM4) that reached depths ranging from 10 to 24 m, which were distributed in a proximal-distal transect corresponding to a funnel paleomorphology related to a paleoestuary. Reported ages range from 42, 580 ± (1430) \'ANTPOT.14 C\' yr B.P and 3,184 ± (37) \'ANTPOT.14 C\' yr B.P. Facies analysis showed parallel laminated or cross stratified, fine- to coarse-grained sands, massive or laminated muds and heterolithic deposits. These deposits are often arranged into coarsening and fining upward cycles. Values of \'delta\'\'ANTPOT.13 C\', \'delta\'\'ANTPOT.15 N\' and C/N suggest organic matter from several sources, with contributions from terrestrial plants (mainly \'C IND.3\' plants), as well as freshwater and marine phytoplankton, as typically expected in estuaries. Combination of isotope data, C/N and facies associations led to identify depositional settings corresponding to fluvial channel, floodplain, tidal channel/tidal flat, central basin, tidal delta, inlet/barrier complex and lagoon. Pollen analysis showed a mixture of taxa typical of forest, open vegetation and mangrove. In general, drastic changes in vegetation patterns were not detected in eastern Marajó Island in the last 40,000 years. Pollen assemblages were better represented in cores TSM8 and TSM4. In the latter, the eight basal samples (i.e., MR248 to MR258) recorded arboreal types sucha as Alchornea, Euphorbiaceae, Euterpe, Malpighiaceae e Moraceae/Urticaceae. Among mangrove vegetation, Rhizophora constitutes the most common genera, while Poacea and Cyperacea were the most frequent among the herb taxa. The proportion between forest and herb pollen was constant in all zones inserted in the Late Pleistocene. However, significant increase of herbaceous pollen types, with pioneer species represented by Alchornea and Moraceae/Urticaceae, were recorded from 6,790 (±60) \'ANTPOT.14 C\' yr B.P. Thus, this is the age considered for the establishment of the open vegetation of eastern Marajó Island. Diatom analyses of the cores TSM8, TSM10 e TSM11, which did not record pollen, were consistent with the isotope and C/N values, indicating intervals with higher contribution of organic matter derived from marine phytoplankton. Diatoms identified from these cores are, in great part, marine species and genera, such as Actinoptychus splendens, Paralia sulcata, Coscinodiscus radiatus, Coscinodiscus sp and Thalassiosira sp. Continental taxa such as Actinella sp1, Aulacoseira, Eunotia zygodon, Desmogonium and Pinnularia were recorded only in one sample from the top of the core TSM8. Facies infomration, together with isotope, elementar, \'ANTPOT.14 C\', palinological, and diatom data, are consistent with the existence of a wave-dominated paleoestuary during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene in northeastern Marajó Island, previously to the establishment of Lake Arari. The initial stages proposed for the interruption of fluvial inflow to the paleoestuary Arari coincide with the formation of open vegetation in the island and the consequent reduction of mangrove areas at the mid Holocene. The effect of regional tectonics seems to have been of a great contribution to change the Marajó landscape during Pleistocene and Holocene. Divergency of relative sea level proposed for the Marajó Island with respect to the global pattern, combined with the increased record of tectonic activity in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene, led to the hypothesis of successive transgressions linked to tectonic subsidence as opposed to eustary. The transgression recorded before nearly 29,000 yr B.P. took place simultaneously to the pronounced tendency of sea level drop after the Last Interglacial Maximum. Additionally, the Holocene transgression in Marajó is recorded between 9,000 and 5,000 yr. B.P., thus it initiated before the global transgressive peak of the mid Holocene. During this period of eustatic rise, the relative sea level in Marajó Island started to stabilize, a process that culminated with a significant coast progradation at the end of this period. It is also unlikely that the change to open vegetation recorded from the mid Holocene had a climatic response, as this change took place simultaneously to climate fluctuation from relatively more arid to relatively more humid. The most likely hypothesis is that the open vegetation became established in eastern Marajó Island in response to hydrological changes, perhaps promoted by tectonic subsidence and subsequent estabilization, culminated with the recent coastline progradation.

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Lopez, Benjamin. "Architecture et distribution des systemes carbonatés se développant autour des sources hydrothermales : cas d’étude du basin de Denizli (Turquie), de la region de Rapolano (Italie) et de Mammoth Hot Springs (Wyoming, USA)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4326.

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Les carbonates de sources hydrothermales (ou Geothermal Spring Carbonate, GSC) sont des systèmes carbonatés qui se développent autour de sources dont les eaux ont circulé en profondeur et sont remontées le long de failles perméables. Leur développement est contrôlé en tout premier lieu par la nature des eaux souterraines auxquelles ils sont liés. La formation de ces carbonates dépend d’interactions complexes entre les processus hydrologiques, tectoniques et structuraux se produisant avant l’émergence. Par la suite, la sédimentation est régie par de nombreux processus résultant des variations hydrologiques et chimiques de l’eau ainsi que par l’activité biologique. Du fait des interactions complexes entre ces facteurs, la sédimentation est sensible à de faible variations environnementales et il en résulte ainsi un grand nombre d’environnement de dépôts et de lithofacies.Le but de cette étude est d’améliorer les connaissances et les concepts fondamentaux propres au développement des carbonates de sources hydrothermales (GSC). Pour cela, elle s’appuie principalement sur l’examen des faciès que ce soit à petite échelle, comme l’observation des microstructures (microfabrics), ou à grande échelle, comme leur agencement en trois dimensions. De tels examens ont été effectués dans des sites hydrothermaux où ces carbonates se sont développés au cours du Quaternaire (région de Rapolano en Italie, bassin de Denizli en Turquie ou encore le Parc du Yellowstone dans le Wyoming, USA)
Geothermal spring carbonate (GSC) corresponds to a complex carbonate system formed around carbonate-rich springs fed by rising groundwaters along permeable fault zones. Their development is mainly controlled by the nature of springwaters emerging above water table. Therefore carbonate deposition is, in this setting, intimately related to complex interactions between hydrological, tectonic and structural processes occurring prior to water emergence. Moreover, carbonate sedimentation from springwater results from sedimentary processes controlled by complex interactions between hydrological, chemical characteristics and biological activity. Such processes are sensitive to slight environmental variations and thus lead to a large spectrum of lithofacies and ecosystems.The aim of this study is to improve knowledge and fundamental concepts regarding development of geothermal spring carbonates. For that purpose, lithofacies investigation, from microfabrics at micro-scale to 3-dimensional configuration at field-scale, is considered as an essential tool. Such investigations had been carried out in sites where Quaternary and actively forming GSCs were abundant (e.g. Rapolano region, Italy, Denizli Basin, Turkey and Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA)

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GEILLER, MAGALI. "Sedimentologie de facies, mineralogie et stratigraphie genetique des reservoirs silico-clastiques du lias inferieur de cere-la-ronde (d'apres les donnees de forages gdf de sologne - sw du bassin de paris)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR13238.

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Les niveaux reservoirs silicoclastiques du sud-ouest du bassin de paris sont exploites par gaz de france pour le stockage du gaz naturel en nappe aquifere. L'ojectif est de definir la geometrie des reservoirs, et les differents facteurs controlant leur mise en place dans le bassin de sologne, au rhetien et a l'hettangien. La demarche pluridisciplinaire adoptee allie des analyses palynologiques, sedimentologiques, mineralogiques et sequentielles. Elle est appliquee aux depots de chenaux, ainsi qu'aux depots d'interchenaux plus rarement consideres dans le cadre de l'etude de reservoirs. L'ensemble des formations se depose en domaine continental dans un contexte globalement transgressif associe a une diminution globale de la subsidence. Les environnements de depot se repartissent au sein de trois profils de depot mis en evidence par dees ruptures hydrodynamiques, traduisant des changements irreversibles dans les conditions de depot. Ces environnements s'echelonnent du cone alluvial a la plaine cotiere en passant par differents types de plaines alluviales. Les corteges argileux se modifient a chaque changement de profil de depot, en fonction des zones a l'erosion. Ils caracterisent des discontinuites resultant des evenements geodynamiques affectant le bassin de sologne (changements de profil, pedogenese). Les sequences genetiques reconnues enregistrent un cycle de variation de l'inclinaison du profil longitudinal fluviatile et determinent la geometrie des sediments. Celle-ci resulte des variations du niveau marin relatif a court et a moyen termes. La repartition des volumes sedimentaires est fonction de la tectonique locale, provoquant une subsidence heterogene. L'organisation des sediments resulte de l'alternance de periodes d'instabilite et de stabilite tectoniques durant lesquelles les zones de subsidence locale migrent, ou ne migrent pas. Les periodes de stabilite tectonique s'achevent par des changements drastiques de profil de depot.

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Chanvry, Emmanuelle. "Caractérisation et facteurs de contrôle des distributions minéralogiques du Bassin Piggyback de Graus-Tremp-Ainsa (Espagne), à l’Eocène Inférieur." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEM034/document.

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Cette thèse propose une méthodologie pour caractériser et intégrer les distributions minéralogiques des dépôts de l’Eocène Inférieur du Bassin de Graus-Tremp-Ainsa dans un cadre séquentiel reconstruit à haute résolution. Le couplage des approches stratigraphiques et géochimiques/minéralogiques permet d’évaluer la part des forçages tectoniques, climatiques, eustatiques et diagénétiques sur l’enregistrement sédimentaire et minéralogique du bassin. La caractérisation de la minéralogie repose sur un calcul automatisé utilisant la géochimie multi-élémentaire et calibré ponctuellement par les outils d’analyse minéralogique conventionnels (pétrographie, DRX, Qemscan, microsonde). Elle a l’avantage de permettre de traiter les évolutions minéralogiques à l’échelle du bassin et sur l’ensemble des lithologies rencontrées. Après avoir évalué les effets de la diagenèse, du tri hydrodynamique et reconstitué la composition minéralogique primaire des sédiments, nous caractérisons les différentes sources.Nous précisons l’évolution de la tectonique (avec un pas de temps de l’ordre du million d’années) et ses effets sur l’architecture sédimentaire et la minéralogie des dépôts. Ceux-ci montrent un contrôle spatial de la diagenèse et des changements spatio-temporels des sources, liés à une compétition entre la tectonique intrabassinale (activité des chevauchements locaux) et régionale (surrection de l’orogène et subsidence flexurale). Nous montrons également que l’impact de la tectonique est modulé par des anomalies climatiques ponctuelles de l’ordre de la centaine de milliers d’années (PETM, ELMO, X-Event), que nous avons reconnues par un changement marqué des environnements de dépôt et des cortèges argileux.Deux grands épisodes régionaux caractérisent l’évolution du Bassin piggyback de Graus-Tremp-Ainsa. Le stade précoce, d’âge Ilerdien-Cuisien Inférieur, est marqué par le passage d’une rampe carbonatée mixte à des systèmes deltaïques alimentés depuis l’orogène pyrénéen par des contributions plutoniques. Cet ensemble passe ensuite à un vaste système fluvio-deltaïque au Cuisien Inférieur / Moyen, montrant l’apport de lithiques carbonatés et silicoclastiques qui coïncide avec l’émergence des nappes sédimentaires. La fin de cet épisode est marquée par la propagation du chevauchement du Montsec et de ses rampes latérales, provoquant un partitionnement du bassin, induisant la surrection du Bassin de Graus-Tremp et une forte subsidence du Bassin d’Ainsa. Ce contraste de subsidence est souligné par un partitionnement de la diagenèse, avec une kaolinisation des formations supérieures du Bassin de Graus-Tremp, liée à la percolation d’eaux météoriques, et, dans le Bassin d’Ainsa, une albitisation des grès couplée à une illitisation des smectites dans les lutites, liée à une diagenèse d’enfouissement plus marquée
We develop here a methodology to integrate the mineralogical record into a high resolution sequence stratigraphic framework realized in the Early Eocene Graus-Tremp-Ainsa Basin. Coupling stratigraphic with geochemical and mineralogical approaches allows us to unravel the effects of tectonics, climate, eustasy and diagenesis on basin architecture and mineralogy. An automated computed mineralogy is derived from whole-rock geochemical data, and calibrated against direct mineral quantifications (petrography, DRX, Qemscan, microprobe). It provides a basinscale view of mineral distribution, irrespective of the lithology. Diagenetic overprint and hydrodynamic sorting effects are evaluated first, then primary mineral distributions are reconstructed and ascribed to different types of sediment sources.We show that, at the million-year timescale, tectonics shape the architecture and the mineralogy of the deposits. Spatially distributed diagenesis and temporal and spatial changes in sediment sources reflect the competing effects of intrabasinal tectonics (local thrust displacements) versus basinscale flexural subsidence linked to the orogen uplift and loading. Tectonically-driven changes are also sensitive to higher frequency (100 ky) anomalic climatic events (PETM, ELMO, X-EVENT) leaving a mineralogical signal in clay fractions and environment deposits succession.The basinscale evolution displays two contrasting stages. During the Ilerdian to the lower Cuisian, a mixed carbonate ramp evolves to a set of deltaic fans of Northern (Pyrenean orogen) provenance delivering plutonic-dominated materials. Then, during the lower/mid Cuisian, they are overprinted by a large fluvial and deltaic system bringing recycled carbonates and siliciclastics sourced in the emerging eastern to southern sedimentary thrust sheets. Later on, the propagation of the Montsec thrust and its lateral ramp decouples the uplifted Graus-Tremp basin from the strongly subsiding Ainsa basin. These different subsidizing schemes are underlined diagenetic overprints diverge, with an extensive kaolinisation of the uppermost units in the Graus-Tremp Basin driven by meteoric fluid circulations, and a severe albitisation of sandstones in the Ainsa basin, coupled with the illitisation of smectites in the lutites and caused by deep basinal fluids

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Bibonne, Romain. "Sédimentologie et stratigraphie des séries clastiques du Trias inférieur à moyen du bassin de Ghadamès et de la Jeffara (Tunisie et Libye)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAH020.

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L’ouverture de l’Océan Néotéthys au nord du bassin de Ghadamès et de la Jeffara s’accompagne d’une phase d’extension. Ceci engendre une phase de subsidence qui se traduit par le dépôt des premières séries syn-rift d’âges Permien moyen à supérieur (formation El Watiah) et Trias inférieur à moyen (formations Bir el Jaja, Ouled Chebbi et Ras Hamia/Kirchaou). Cette étude propose la compréhension de l’architecture stratigraphique et séquentielle des formations triasiques détritiques, et de la partie supérieure clastique de la formation El Watiah. 221 puits et 18 coupes sédimentologiques de terrain (affleurements du Sud tunisien) ont été corrélées à travers l’ensemble du bassin de Ghadamès et de la Jeffara. Il est démontré que ces séries s’organisent en 11 séquences de 3ème ordre. 28 cartes d’isochores et de paléogéographie ont été réalisées. D’un point de vue tectonostratigraphique, un épaississement drastique des séquences a notamment été confirmé en direction du nord de la Jeffara, à la faveur d’une subsidence forte et très différentielle. Dans le sud du bassin, un domaine caractérisé par une subsidence faible et peu différentielle a aussi été reconnu. Par ailleurs, une réinterprétation sédimentologique de la formation du TAGI de la région d’El Borma (équivalent latéral de la formation ladinienne Ras Hamia) a été proposée
During the opening of the Neotethys Ocean north of the Ghadames and Jeffara basin, an extensional phase created subsidence. It resulted in the deposition of the first syn-rift strata aged Middle to Upper Permian (El Watiah formation) and Lower to Middle Triassic (Bir el Jaja, Ouled Chebbi and Ras Hamia / Kirchaou formations). This study provides details of the stratigraphic and sequential architecture of triassic siliciclastic series and the upper clastic part of the El Watiah formation. 221 wells and 18 sedimentological field sections (outcrops from south Tunisia) have been correlated across the entire Ghadames basin and Jeffara. An organization in 11 sequences has been highlighted. 28 isochores and paleogeographic maps have been drawn. In terms of tectonostratigraphy, a major thickening of sequences has been confirmed toward the North of Jeffara, resulting from a very strong and differential subsidence. Low and subtle differential subsidence has been demonstrated in the southern part of the basin. In addition, a new sedimentological interpretation of the TAGI formation (lateral equivalent of the ladinian Ras Hamia formation) has been considered in the El Borma area

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Grieswald, Heike. "Ablagerungsfazies der Grobklastika der oberen Halle-Formation." Master's thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-204756.

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Die Sedimente des Halleschen Permokarbonkomplexes gaben schon immer Raum für Spekulationen. Aufgrund ihrer Dominanz an rhyolithischen Geröllen wurden sie über einen langen Zeitraum einheitlich als Postporphyrschutt ausgehalten. Vielfältig wechselnde Faziesbedingungen machten es jedoch notwendig, die Sedimente aufzugliedern. Neuere Erkenntnisse in der Erforschung des Halleschen Permokarbonkomplexes erfordern eine Überprüfung v. a. der nach KUNERT (1995) aufgestellten allgemeinen stratigraphischen Gliederung der Unterrotliegendsedimente in Halle,- Hornburg,- Sennewitz- und Brachwitz-Formation anhand einiger ausgewählter Beispiele. Der ursprüngliche Gedanke der Diplomarbeit bestand darin, eine Fazies- und eine Geröllanalyse der unterpermischen Abtragungsprodukte des Halle-Vulkanitkomplexes anzufertigen. Zur Verfügung standen zwei Kernbohrungen und zwei Aufschlüsse, sowie diverse Unterlagen zu angrenzenden Bohrungen in der Saale-Senke. Die beiden Oberflächenaufschlüsse Riveufer und Teichgrund sollten stratigraphisch aufgenommen werden, so dass eine Fazieszuordnung möglich ist. Die Bohrung Brachwitz 2/62 wurde mit dem Ziel aufgenommen, neuere Theorien über den Ablagerungszeitraum der Rotliegend-Sedimente in Bezug auf den permokarbonen Vulkanismus zu widerlegen oder zu bekräftigen. Die zweite Bohrung (Kb Lochau 7/65) wurde am Rande mit in die Diplomarbeit einbezogen, da sie das immense Spektrum der spätvulkanischen Aktivitäten im Halle Permokarbonkomplex erweitert. Ergebnis ist eine Neugliederung des Rotliegend im Halleschen Permokarbonkomplex, in der nur noch die Halle-Formation mit ihrem ausgeprägten Vulkanismus und die Hornburg-Formation, stellvertretend für alle jüngeren Abtragungsprodukte des Halle Vulkanitkomplexes, unterschieden werden. Mit einem großen Hiatus folgt anschließend die Eisleben-Formation.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Facies sedimentology'

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