Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Facteurs de la fécondité'
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Baudin, Thomas. "L'analyse des comportements de fécondité : politiques publiques et facteurs culturels." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00401964.
Full textTeutzong, Sonzia. "Rôle des facteurs culturels dans l'évolution de la fécondité au Cameroun." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010698.
Full textThis thesis studies the impact of cultural factors in the slowdown in fertility decline in Cameroon. Two complementary approaches are used to measure this influence : the quantitative to measure the phenomenon; and the other is qualitative clarify the meaning of the numbers. For the first approach, the data used are from 4 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in Cameroon in 1991, 1998, 2004 and 2011. Cultural factors are expressed by ethnicity and region of residence at the time of survey; about fertility to it by the total fertility rate of women aged 15-49 years and the completed fertility ofwomen aged 40 to 50 at the time of the survey. For the second approach, a qualitative survey is used based on focus groups and supplemented by current 2014-2015 questionnaire survey, first in Cameroon and also in France. We adopt two analytical methods : a descriptive and multivariate another. We use the first to describe individuals, means women in our various bases, assess the sociodemographic profile of women, some of their marks, etc. We discuss using the second, the effect of cultural variables on fertility via a logistic regression model measures the risk of a woman to have three or less children, and a multi-level model that emerges of the impact contextual variables on fertility or making the effect of the context and the effect of the individual characteristics. Descriptive analyzes show differentiation of fertility following ethnic groups, according to region and according to the residences of rural or urban living environments. The significant results in bivariate level also proved significant at the multivariate level, confirming the impact of cultural variables on fertility after controlling for certain socioeconomic variables. However, other variables also determine the fertility of women as level of education, the use of contraception, etc
Sabbah, Sanaa. "La fécondité au Liban : l'exemple du district du NABATIEH : étude socio-démographique : facteurs déterminants." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA1032.
Full textBuelens, Mathieu. "Géographies de la fécondité européenne contemporaine." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/322740.
Full textOption Géographie du Doctorat en Sciences
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Koffi, N'Guessan. "Facteurs de fécondité dans une société humaine en mutation : le cas de Memni-Montezo en milieu rural forestier (Côte-d'Ivoire)." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010607.
Full textFertility rate has kept relatively high in that rural area for several factors to behaviour on the one hand : a short duration of breastfeeding, a shorter sexual abstinence, the absence of any effective contraception, and to the decline of pathological factors on the other hand : a decrease in sterility, a reduction in intra-uterine mortality rate and during infancy. On the while, these factors happen to be more or less influenced by the economic system which is mainly based on perennial agriculture whose major produce are coffee and cocoa, the vicinity of Abidjan urban area and education. These elements have a more or less important impact on traditional structures, especially on cultural aspects
Bérubé, Sylvie. "Endométriose minime ou légère parmi les femmes infertiles, facteurs associés, relation avec la fécondité et efficacité du traitement chirurgical laparoscopique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25383.pdf.
Full textDemeure, Guy. "Analyse de quelques facteurs liés à la plante hôte Vigna unguiculata (Walp) influençant la reproduction et le développement de Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) coleoptère bruchidae." Tours, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985TOUR4007.
Full textTillard, Emmanuel. "Approche globale des facteurs associés à l’infertilité et l’infécondité chez la vache laitière : importance relative des facteurs nutritionnels et des troubles sanitaires dans les élevages de l'île de la Réunion." Montpellier, ENSA, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENSA0022.
Full textDiongué, Birahime. "Les niveaux et les facteurs explicatifs de la santé au Sénégal de 1960 à 1982." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF10018.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is first to study the health levels of Senegalese people and secondly to analyze the factors explaining their health standard. In the first part, we used the result indicators such as morbidity rates, based on the ministry of public health data only, since they are no epidemiologic surveys. The trends analysis indicated a strong prevalence of certain diseases, such as malaria, with nevertheless important disparity between the regions. However, despite the eradication of big endemics such as plague, small pox, sleeping disease, others diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis leprosy, sexually transmissible diseases, nutritional and diarrheal diseases, measles, whooping cough, consequences of abortions and deliveries, represent the most important plagues. But the morbidity data do not correspond to the Senegalese reality: in fact, the health infrastructures are almost exclusively settled in towns and consequently, they benefit only to urban population. Moreover, the attraction of traditional medicine is not to be neglected, but it is the opposite. All the reasons led us to believe that the morbidity is not really known and consequently that the indicator can not constitute a study base of the health (or levels) in Senegal. That is why we choose the mortality, which is a incontestable evidence and a more known indicator. We analyzed in a second part the health factors and, in order to so, we used 17 health and socio-economic variables supposed to explain the levels of infant mortality (explained variables). We went on with a differential econometric analysis, at first at the national level, then with a pooling-data analysis including only 6 regions and finally with a model applied to Dakar, then to Ngayokheme. The demographic variables, the availability of the coverage of beds, as much as the schooling rate have been the main explanatory factors of health status in the regions and in Dakar the income per capita did not reveal itself as a significate variable. But, in terms of personnel in Dakar the medical and paramedical (midwives) coverage have been significate variables, when at the region level, the population per nurse indicator only prove significate
Régnier-Loilier, Arnaud. "Stratégies des couples en matière de fécondité : de la "fécondité naturelle" à "l'infécondabilité naturelle"." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2002/50377-2002-23-1.pdf.
Full textYoussef, Rana. "La transition de la fécondité en Syrie." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100048.
Full textAccording to the results of the last demographic survey representative at the national level, the total fertility rate of Syria was 3.5 children per woman in 2009. It exceeds about 1.5 children the replacement level, estimated at 2.1 children per woman. The evolution of the Syrian fertility has experienced several phases; the first was when fertility reached "world records" and resisted any change, then a phase of rapid decline in the mid-1980s, followed by a phase of slow decrease or a phase of quasi-stagnation of fertility in the early 2000s until today. If rapid fertility decline was triggered by economic difficulties related to the crisis of the 1980s, its recent stagnation is, at least in part, related to religious precepts and cultural factors that are barriers to fertility decline below a certain level. This is confirmed by the "geographic pattern" of fertility which persists over time, the populations of North East governorates, Deir ez-Zor, Al-Hassakeh and Al-Rakka and the two governorates of southern borders Al-Quneitra and Dar'a, record the highest fertility; while populations of coastal governorates, Latakia and Tartous Governorate of Al-Sweida and the capital have the lowest fertility
Frini, Olfa. "Éducation, fécondité et croissance économique en Tunisie." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CERG0472.
Full textHuman is the final benefit and the essential input of economic growth and development. Human capital as an economic growth driving force is strongly influenced by demographic variables. Family institution is a preliminary for human capital accumulation considering its fertility and education investment in its member's decision. Hence, human capital analysis leads necessary to endogenous population growth. Then, our interest is focused to human quantity and quality interaction. Our economic growth investigation is so conducted by analysing fertility as economic growth variable. Our essay is to put out fertility influences notably by its interaction with education in explaining economic performances. Referring to macro and micro economic family analysis, we verify education/fertility relationship and its contribution in the growth process in Tunisian case. A long and short dynamic quantitative analysis of fertility, education and growth equilibrium relationship over the period 1963-2007 is undertaken using times series technique. Although a quantitative analysis of actual, desired, their gap, natural and regulation fertility is applied using micro econometric models such as dichotomous model, count data model and duration model. It attests that Tunisian household behaviour is shaped by quantity-quality children trade-off and also highlights economic and sociocultural fertility determinants. These analyses give out policies matching family fertility behaviour in the development process
Fassassi, Raïmi. "Pauvreté humaine et fécondité en Côte d'Ivoire." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS008S.
Full textBinet, Clotilde. "Choix du conjoint et fécondité à Madagascar." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100009.
Full textIn Madagascar, marriage and fertility have always been inextricably linked. The customary ceremony was often performed alter the first pregnancy or birth and that process was a mean to check the fertility of the couple. Marriage and fertility project were therefore closely linked. This model prevailed in most parts of Madagascar in the 19th century but could take different forms. Very institutionalized in the eastern provinces and the centre, it was much looser in the western provinces. The introduction of Christianity has changed the representation of this model in those areas where it has taken root. In the province of Antananarivo today, sexuality and fertility outside marriage are no longer legitimate. This thesis aims to measure changes in these models of marriage, to better understand the current behaviour of women and men by looking at representations of marriage and relationships between individuals and their families and between women and men using quantitative data at national level and both quantitative and qualitative data in the province of Antananarivo
Shi, Lu. "Le mariage et la fécondité à Shanghai͏̈." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0064.
Full textThis thesis is a socio-demographic study of the evolution of marriage and fertility in the municipal area of shanghai in the people's republic of china since 1949. Draconian measures taken by the authorities to limit the growth of the enormous pomulation have shown results. From 1940 to 1980 the average marrying age of women in shanghai increased from 20 to 25 years. Because of the older marrying age, there were 1,152,719 fewer biths between 1950 to 1982. Family planning is carefully adhered to in shanghai, but this is due to strict control and is not spontaneous. Despite social progress over the last few decades, marriage is still a social convention and a child symbolies complete happiness for couples and the requition of society. Consequently the political pressure for a single child is in conflict with tradition and the unconstrained will of couples
Barreteau, Sophie. "Développement d'une nouvelle gonadotropine pour le contrôle de la fertilité chez les porcins, ovins et bovins." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR4059.
Full textPMSG is one of the main gonadotropins used to induce ans synchronise ovulation and to increase ovulation rate in farm animals. While very efficient, PMSG suffers two limitations. It's a hormone extracted from horse blood (ethical or sanitary questions). Moreover, in some species (goats), antibodies may be produced following repeated injections. Intervet is attemptiing to develop an alternative recombinant gonadotropin which would still display a dual FSH/LH activity and a long half-life. Recently, a triple domain single chain FSHß-CTP-CGß-α (called BBA Trimer) has been produced in CHO cells. The aim of this thesis is to assess the biological activity (in vitro and in vivo) of this molecule and characterize its half-life in farm animals. In vitro studies using stimulation of oestradiol production (FSH marker) and of androstenedione and progesterone production (LH markers) demonstrated the dual FSH/LH activities of the BBA Trimer. In vivo, in the gilt, the BBA Trimer (30ug) induced follicular growth resulting in similar inreases in ovarian and uterine weights PG600® respectively. In anoestrus ewes, 30 ug BBA Trimer induced ovulation as did 600 ui PMSG. 3) superovulation was successively induced in heifers treated with 125 ug BBA Trimer. Number of growing follicles and ambryos collected were similar to those obtained with 2500 ui PMSG. Moreover, half-life of the BBA Trimer was approximately 3 and 5 days in swine and cattle respectively. Owing to its good in vivo bioactivity and acceptable half-life, this new recombinant gonadotropin is a good candidate to replace PMSG
Moschion, Julie. "Fécondité, offre de travail féminin et politiques familiales." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00509940.
Full textLe, Roncé Iris. "Déterminisme environnemental de la fécondité du chêne vert." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTG020.
Full textClimate change is placing increasing pressure on forests around the world, and its potential impacts on the reproductive capacity of individuals are yet poorly understood. Many forest tree species reproduce following so-called masting patterns, in which seed production is intermittent and synchronized among individuals, whose drivers need to be identified in order to better understand the impact of climate on the fecundity of forest trees. The general objective of this thesis is to deepen our knowledge of the environmental drivers of the fecundity of forest trees and their interactions, by focusing on the holm oak, a widespread species in the Mediterranean basin. It also aimed to determine how fecundity could be impacted by climate change, and to develop a process-based model capable of predicting this impact. This thesis work combines analyses of long-term monitoring in a holm oak forest exposed to a rainfall exclusion experiment, experimental manipulations of source-sink interactions involved in the resource allocation to reproduction, and modelling. I have shown that reproduction was strongly regulated by weather conditions during the reproductive cycle and in particular by the water availability in summer-autumn, and to a lesser extent by the availability of carbon and nutrients, as well as by competition between fruits and new buds. My experimental results show that the allocation of resources to reproduction could be modified in case of resource limitation due to defoliation; and that developing fruits have a negative impact on the dynamics of nitrogen and zinc reserves in branches, as well as on the production of female flowers the following year. Long-term observations show that multi-year rainfall reduction induce a decrease in the number of fruits produced which is additional to the interannual variability and that tree reproduction does not acclimate to drought. Finally, within the PHENOFIT model, I have developed a fecundity model based on the assumptions and results from my work and from the literature
Seyed, Shakeri Tahereh. "Les aspects socio-démographiques de la politique démographique actuelle d'Iran en matière de fécondité : l'effet réducteur de l'éducation sur la fécondité." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100154.
Full textTo study the demographic policies and its socio-demographic aspects, we start to peruse the changes of the population characters of the country by using the data of the 5 census from 1956 to 1996. Then, we elaborate on the population development indices (education, hygiene, employment, housing and environment). The consequences of demographic growth whether social, economic, political or environmental are also studied. Studies on the changes of fertility show that the decline has commenced all over the country a few years before the resumption of the program. This reveals the impact of other factors besides the family planning on the decline of natality. Considering different factors, we have concluded that the most effective are the education and hygiene, and that knowledge and education are the prim factors in the fertility decline
Akil, Mamdouh. "Etude comparative du lien fécondité politiques familiales en France et en Europe : analyse statistique secondaire des données administratives et de fécondité." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN1540.
Full textLebugle, Amandine. "La baisse de la fécondité en milieu rural iranien." Phd thesis, Institut d'études politiques de paris - Sciences Po, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00552827.
Full textRakotoson, Holiarisoa Lina. "La baisse de la fécondité en milieu rural malgache." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100061.
Full textIn Madagascar, rural areas used to present all the favorable characteristics to a strong fertility. Even recently the idea that children generate superior profits than costs was widely shared. Demographic surveys show that if the fertility in rural areas stays higher than in urban areas (in 2003, ISF was 5.7 children by woman in rural areas and 4.0 children in urban areas), fertility in rural areas begins to decrease. The ISF of rural areas fell from 6.7 children by woman in 1997 to 5.7 children by woman in 2003. This fertility decline is noticed without important socioeconomic change. Poverty in rural areas remains high and even increased quicker than urban poverty.This thesis proposes to introduce demographic transitions models in Malagasy rural areas by focusing on the debate on the link between economic development and fertility decline which was notably questioned in Southern countries.The analysis shows that if in certain provinces, the central role of the economy is strong and that it’s definitely the modernization process that allowed the reduction of fertility, there are provinces where in spite of a persistent poverty and even a worsening of it, other factors allowed fertility changes. Among them, one of the most important is the social system which is based on cultural traditions influencing demographic situations
Cosío-Zavala, María-Eugenia. "Changements de fécondité au Mexique et politiques de population." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H059.
Full textChanges in Mexico’s fertility were very important after 1973, when demographic policies were established. After a period of high fertility, around 7 children per woman at the end of the sixties, fertility's reduction is impressive: 40 per cent in 15 years (from 7. 4 children in 1965 to 4. 4 in 1980). We analyses the determinants of this evolution as well as the real influence of demographic policies on fertility's reduction
Henry-Wittmann, Marie-Véronique. "Fécondité et transferts sociaux : une analyse théorique et empirique." Nancy 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN20006.
Full textThis study deals with the effect of family policy on fertility. A theoretical approach, based on a microeconomic model, first determines the necessary conditions for parents to accept an additional child. The empirical verification was realized from a sample including 733 households. It uses two methods: the first one tests an econometric model estimating the probability of having an additional child; the second one tries to assess, household by household, the influence of family benefits on fertility. In this method, an assumption is that there exists an income under which parents could refuse an additional child because of economic constraints. The results show that government benefits for families have a positive effect on fertility. This effect is nevertheless limited and highly correlated with the income and number of children
Shen, Ming-yuan. "Analyse de la fécondité en Chine : approche micro-économique." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988IEPP0023.
Full textLebugle-Mojdehi, Amandine. "La baisse de la fécondité en milieu rural iranien." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00552827.
Full textBelliot, Nicolas. "La fécondité en Bretagne aux XIXe et XXe siècles." Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40039.
Full textMaitron-Jodogne, Michèle. "Alain-Fournier et Yvonne de Quiévrecourt : fécondité d'un renoncement." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040035.
Full textAssogba, Mensah L. "Statut de la femme et fécondité dans le Golfe du Bénin : la décision de la fécondité pour le statut ou par le statut ?" Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010610.
Full textWomen's status is pointed out as an important factor of demographic change by many authors. Most of them reduced it to women's education or their economic activity. The gulf of Benin is well known for the great autonomy of this women. An other one of his characteristics is the high level of his fertility ( children woman). This study has considered women's status as multidimensional variable built on a random sample of 3600 Togolese mothers. The findings are that women's status is changing from its former determinant of fertility to others where socialization, family structure experienced and reaction to the type of socialization received in childhood are the main components. At one end of the status scale to the other, one can find the traditional status and the modern one. Between these two groups of women, are three categories of status in transition from the traditional status to the modern one. Women from elite status have less children than the traditional ones, breastfeed less, marry later, and practice a "soft" family planning while the traditional women don't do but traditional abstinence. The intermediate group’s' fertility level and proxy determinants are between those extrem groups
Gastineau, Bénédicte. "La transition de la fécondité en Tunisie : la question de la baisse de la fécondité dans le cadre des relations population-développement-environement." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100071.
Full textBefore colonial times (1860-1881), Tunisia's demographic profile was "pre-transitional" in nature. Fertility was "natural," and mortality, while high, varied in response to crises. French colonialism (1881-1956) prompted important changes in Tunisian society. Significant investments permitted a reduction in mortality. While we can note in this period, the beginning of the demographic transition and the limitation of births among some social groups, the decline in fertility becomes noticeable on a national level only in the mid-1960s. The fertility transition took place in two phases. Up until the middle of the 1980s, changes in fertility resulted from a rise in the age at marriage, especially among the most educated and well-off couples. After the mid-1980s, the poorest, most "rural," least educated women also modified their reproductive goals, due to prior economic development and to the diffusion of ideas concerning a limited fertility. These women also adapted to the economic crisis experienced in Tunisia in the mid-1980s. The research currently underway hopes to demonstrate, by way of the Tunisian example, that if modernization is an impetus to new behaviours in social classes that may profit the most, economic development may also foster the generalization of these behaviours among the entire population. A second important part of this research consists of analyzing the relations between demographic strategies and household economic strategies in rural areas. Using primary data, we show that a decline in rural fertility rates may be seen as an adaptation to new and not all that favourable economic conditions. Household members, who can no longer live on agricultural activity alone, take on multiple activities. They thereby implement distribution choices in family labour (in farming, in migration, in the local job market. . . ) based on the gender, age and qualifications of each individual. Only an analysis of the organization and the division of family labour will allow us to understand why fertility declined in certain rural areas and why it remains high in others
Xu, Jie. "Rôles pléiotropiques du récepteur IGF dans la régulation du vieillissement." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066588.
Full textType 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) regulates cell proliferation, growth, metabolism and aging in mammals. IGF-1R is an important component and key regulator of the insulin/IGF signaling (IIS) pathway. My PhD research aimed at better understanding the role of IGF-1R in aging using mouse models with different IGF-1R mutations. I first investigated the effects of IGF-1R+/- mutation on IIS pathway activation and longevity in two mouse strains. I showed that IGF-1R+/- is more efficient in extending life span in 129/SvPas than in C57BL/6J. The reduction of IGF-1R abundance entails a stronger bottleneck effect in IGF-1R signaling in 129/SvPas strain with constitutively high activation level of IGF-1R, than in C57BL/6J strain, which has constitutively low receptor activation. From this, we concluded that the longevity effect of IGF-1R+/- mutation depends on genetic background-specific IGF receptor activation. Next, I investigated the role of neuronal IGF-1R in coordinating major life history traits. In the nIGF1RKO mouse model, postnatal neuron-specific IGF-1R knockout triggered increased endocrine GH and IGF-I levels. This somatotropic hyperfunction shifted reproductive capacity to younger ages by increasing the number of mature ovarian follicles and litter size. Meanwhile, the aging rate was accelerated and lifespan conspicuously reduced in mutants. Therefore, neuronal IGF-1R shapes the life trajectory of mice by regulating the trade-off between fertility and aging. This is an experimental proof of evolutionary theories of aging
Karamitopoulou, Despina. "Une contribution à l'étude de la mortalité périnatale en Grèce." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090066.
Full textIn Greece, in spite of the considerable decrease of the natality and fecundity, the perinatal mortality remains at a relatively high level. This fact is probably attributed to the absence of efficient measures which would have to be taken by the government in order to solve problems such as : the unbalanced territorial distribution of the technical equipment, the lack of specialized personnel in the rural areas, the defficient transport conditions of the new born as well as the lack of the necessary reanimation material in the maternity hospitals. Moreover, the insufficient sanitary education of the population in matters of pregnacy risks, results in an unsatisfactory personnel antenatal care during this period. Finally, according to our analysis, women who have a child stillborn are in general of a favorable socio-economical status. On the other hand, first week mortality appeared to be related to unfavorable socio-economical characteristics of the women concerned
Tournemaine, Frédéric. "Capital humain, financement de la recherche, fécondité et croissance économique." Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10021.
Full textThis thesis is divided in four parts. In the first one, we emphasize the idea of the existence of an interaction between knowledge and human capital. In the second one, we shed a new light on the calculation of the social value of innovations, on the distortions that prevent the decentralized economy to be optimal, and the factors that induce insufficient investments in research. In chapter 3, we discuss about the evolution of the technologies of information and communication and about the evolution that concerns intellectual property rights that followed. We explain the types of changes that ocurred from a technological point of view, and how the property rights evolved in this case. We present a general framework to account for these features. Lastly, in chapter 4, we study the choice of fertitlity of individuals in an economy with endogenous technological progress. We show that the level of growth may be negatively, positively or not correlated with the share of resources devoted to research
Shuraiki, Mada. "L'évolution de la fécondité en Syrie depuis l'indépendance : 1946-2005." Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR40028.
Full textFor many decades, the fertility of Syria has been characterized by very high levels. The tendency to have many descendants has been accepted and supported by both society and the state. However, the fertility began to see its levels declining since the mid-70s. This decline had increased thereafter, and was manifested by drastic falls of the various indicators of fertility since mid-80s. The subject of this research is the study of the fertility's evolution in this country since its independence in 1946, through transverse and longitudinal perspectives analysis. In addition to the description and analysis of the main indicators of fertility that answer the question : how did the Syrian fertility evolve ? This research attemps to understand the evolution of the Syrian fertility in light of some of its presumed causes. Thus, it examines the phenomenon in its relationship with the regulation of fertility through the use of contraception and abortion. It also analyzes the fertility of Syrian women in relation to socio-economic factors, namely the education of women and their participation in the workforce. This analysis allows the understanding of the evolution of the phenomenon in its socio-cultural, legislative and historical context
Sibert, Alexandre. "Héritabilité non génétique de la fécondité : effets sur le polymorphisme." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MNHN0017.
Full textThe transmission of fertility from one generation to the next is well documented. Several population genetics models integrate this phenomenon, assuming a genetic basis. Nevertheless, non-genetic inherance of fertility was described in some Human populations, whose subtle effects on genetic diversity are unknown. The present work describes an extension of the Wright-Fisher model for axesual populations, suitable for the simulation of any kind of fertility inherance. The probability of fertility is introduced as a key notion, and an algorithm for the simulation of fertility transmission from parents to their offspring is developed for a constant size population. The demographic and genealogical properties of this model show that the effects of fertility inheritance cannot be compared with any of the various models studied until now (selection, size variations, ect. ). The careful study of genetic diversity confirms these results and paradoxically shows that current neutrality tests do not allow one to distinguish between fertility inheritance and some types of selection or population expansion. Therefore, the detection of fertility inheritance from observed polymorphism data remains an open question
Doliger, Cédric. "Démographie, fécondité et croissance économique en France : une analyse cliométrique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/DOLIGER_Cedric_2006.pdf.
Full textDieme, Ndèye Binta. "Analyse comparative de la fécondité des adolescentes en Afrique subsaharienne." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40012.
Full textMost often, studies of adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa include only a few countries and do not always generalize the findings to the entire sub-Saharan zone. Moreover, this work, which covers 24 countries in the region, has also failed to establish profiles of adolescent fertility based on the geographical location of countries. Indeed, the heterogeneity of the country's early fertility has been demonstrated. Heterogeneity, in fact, reflect different practices and traditions between countries in terms of marriage. Maternity occurring mainly in the context of a union, early marriage is the main factor of early fertility. The countries with the schedule the later marriage also have a very low adolescent fertility. However, the decline of early marriage in all countries was not accompanied by a decrease in early fertility as important either because of a faster arrival of first births after marriage, either because of growth of births outside marriage, a sign of significant social change in African societies. The growth of urbanization and schooling helps to delay the entry into union while the age at first intercourse evolves more slowly. Consequently sexuality increasingly premarital develops over generations
Peyny, Maud. "L'expression du gène BCAR4 (Breast Cancer anti-estrogen Resistance 4) et son rôle dans la reproduction chez la lapine." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR4031.
Full textThe BCAR4 gene (Breast Cancer anti-estrogen Resistance 4) has been previously characterized in cattle as a gene expressed preferentially in the oocyte and early embryo, whose inhibition alters embryonic development in vitro. However, its role in oogenesis, folliculogenesis and overall in fertility in vivo remains unknown. Since this gene is conserved in various mammals but not in rodents, the rabbit has been chosen to investigate its expression and function in vivo. By reverse transcription coupled to PCR, BCAR4 transcript is detected in the ovary when primordial follicles are formed, and in ovarian follicles at the preantral and antral stages, as well as in ovulated oocytes. Its abundance decreases after fertilization and throughout preimplantation development to disappear in the blastocyst, a typical profile for a maternal transcript.In order to elucidate the role of BCAR4 in vivo in female reproduction, rabbits carrying an altered BCAR4 gene were created and a line was generated. Both homozygous and heterozygous carriers of the genetic alteration are viable and appear healthy. The genetic alteration abolishes BCAR4 expression in ovarian follicles of homozygous animals, as the transcript abundance is down thirty-fold as compared to the wild-type phenotype. Females were phenotyped on several parameters related to reproduction. The genotype did not have a significant impact on follicular development or ovarian activity, as estimated by follicular count onto ovarian sections, anti-mullerian hormone concentration in plasma, and the response to ovarian stimulation. To evaluate their fertility and prolificacy, females were inseminated three times every six-weeks. Homozygous females had a significantly lower farrowing rate than heterozygous females, 22±7% vs 71±11% (mean±sem), while prolificacy was 1.5±0.7 vs 5.8±1.5 pups per insemination. In conclusion, BCAR4 is not essential for follicular development but the gene contributes to optimal fertility of female rabbits
Creton, Dominique. "La fécondité en République d'Irlande : singularité démo-culturelle et différenciation spatiale." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10157.
Full textThe particularity of irish fertility in europe back to the xixth century, has lasted for a long time before altering deeply at the end of the fifties. Since the 60's the evolution concommittant with a period of modernization and social change has entailed mainly a drop in general fertility. Marital fertility has regularly gone down in the 80's while non-marital fertility burst out, especially in dublin, in a difficult socio-economic context. This latter phenomenon is puzzling in the irish cultural background and is also very differenciated spatially. The irish singularity in europe often hides violent spatial contrast at the regional as well as the local scale. This thesis which favors and claims a geographical approach breaks up in two directions of reserarch : the understanding and explanation of the demographic and cultural specificity of ireland and the analysis of the factors of spatial differenciation in irish fertility. These two directions must be considered as complementary and interactive in order to fully account for a very unique situation. The speed of the changes in process helps to understand better the complicated socio-economic and socio-cultural mechanism going with the drop in fertility. Ireland is an interesting laboratory to try determine the reasons and modalities of the changes, both in the fact they can be used as examples for the general geographical study of fertility and as the expression of an national specificity
Ignegongba, Keumaye. "Dimension ethnique de la fécondité et de ses déterminants en Mauritanie." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H037.
Full textThe level of the fertility in Mauritania is rather high and the moorish women are less fertile than the negro-africans, because of an important degree of instability in union that reduces the time the moorish women spend in marriage which is the only one status society considers for procreation. The moorish women marry also late and this reduces their exposition to the risk of fertility. The study of some differentials such as the place of residence, the instruction level, the degree of alphabetisation and the participation in the labor force does not reveal difference. Contraception is hardly known and its pratise is negligeable
Eslami, Seyed-Jalal. "Comportement de ponte, fécondité et descendance de l'hyménoptère grégaire dinarmus vagabundus." Tours, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985TOUR4009.
Full textRagab, Ashraf. "Insémination, éicosanoi͏̈des et fécondité chez le lépisme Thermobia domestica (Insecta Thysanura)." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30205.
Full textScornet, Catherine. "Fécondité et politique dans le delta du fleuve rouge (Viet-Nam)." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H048.
Full textBrée, Sandra. "La fécondité à Paris et dans sa région au XIXe siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040036.
Full textIn the century of birth control in France, the capital and the surrounding region is a privileged analytical framework for deepening knowledge on demographic transition. Through an aggregative analysis appropriate to the sources and the issues examined, this work aims to understand the movement of fertility in Paris (at the district, borough and city level), and the surrounding region (at the departmental and municipal level) in the nineteenth century, to distinguish legitimate and illegitimate fertility (and cohabiting couples from unwed mothers for the latter); and then to consider it in relation to economic, social, cultural or demographic determinants in order to understand, through the spatial distribution, the social differentiation of fertility behaviours
Stauble, Katherine. "La fécondité et le couple créateur chez Jacques et Madeleine Ferron." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26777.
Full textDecroly, Jean-Michel. "Les niveaux d'organisation spatiale de la fécondité en Europe (1960-1990)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212692.
Full textGarcia, Cécile. "Energétique et régulation de la fonction de reproduction chez les femelles captives babouins olive (Papio anubis)." Aix-Marseille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX20685.
Full textFiong, à Bitegni Jean-Bosco. "Entraide familiale et fécondité en contexte de pauvreté : le cas du Cameroun." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100046/document.
Full textThis thesis wondered mainly about the link between the family mutual aid and the fertility in context of poverty. Thus she accentuated the impact on the fertility of the changes of the behavior of the households towards the family mutual aid. We tried to identify the factors of the reduction in the fertility observed in Cameroon, and tu discuss the idea according to which a weakening of the system of the family mutual aid would be a determiner of fertility. Among others, we also looked to raise the transformations undergone by the Cameroonian households (configuration and composition), due the impact of the poverty on their organizations. By way of results, besides the beginning of a weakening of the system of family mutual aid, other factors such as the reduction in the infanto-young mortality, etc., explain the reduction of the fertylity in Cameroon. If we thus observe an obstinacy of the family mutual aid in Cameroon in spite of the poverty, let us note nevertheless an increase in importance of the nuclearization of family which is translated by a preference to help his remote relations through the financial support, instead of having them near one through the cohabitation
Barroso, Calderón Cristina Gabriela. "La fécondité dans les populations indigènes du sud du Mexique, 1970-1990." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0051.
Full textPierre-Louis, Élisabeth. "Les tendances de la fécondité en Hai͏̈ti : la relation population - ressources - État." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100065.
Full textThe study of the fertility trends in Haiti tries to demonstrate that a process of Malthusianism through poverty is taking place, through the : slow change of the traditional fertility in rural areas ; low fertility in the rich urban sectors ; fertility transition starting in the poor urban sectors. Before analyzing the fertility transition, it was necessary to present the historic construction if the Haitian population, through the articulation of three majors themes : Population - Resources - State and their relationships with towns and rural area, women issues, financial, material and human resources ; structure of the state. The fertility transition is studied through the analytical scheme : Ready Able and Willing. The fertility of the urban well to do classes is low. The phenomenon is harder to isolate for the poor urban classes. In the discourse, the rural population is ready to invest in a change strategy through schooling. Nevertheless it is difficult to verify these statements