Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Facteurs socio-économiques'
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Ouedraogo, Samiratou. "Dépistage du cancer du sein : facteurs socio-économiques influençant la participation et rythme de suivi." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967942.
Full textDouard, Henri. "La taille des établissements industriels : élucidation de certains facteurs économiques et socio-organisationnels des entreprises." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986IEPP0005.
Full textThe size (in staff) of industrial plants is a constant point of reference in analysing the functioning of business firms, because of its supposed links with people's behavior and with management issues. A large size is often seen as having a pernicious bureaucratic influence, while a small size is rather viewed as a factor favoring good adjustment and warmth in relationships. In France, there exist as of one thousand nine hundred eighty for more than one thousand two hundred and forty industrial plants that exceed five hundred persons, affecting a total of one million five hundred thousand wage-earners. Our hypothesis was that size only has a relative influence, albeit an essential one : the firm must find organizational methods in keeping with its size, while poor choices of these methods give a specific and fallacious connotation to the size breakdown of large, medium, and small firms the research was based in the industrial milieu upon interviews with about one hundred people in twelve different plants in the following professional strata : management, executives, union members, clerical employees, and laborers. Additionally there were statistical, economic, and bibliographic explorations. Although the need for formalization of procedures is a constant in large plants, an excess of bureaucracy, technocracy, and authoritarianism exists in small plants as well. It appears that a negotiated compromise on issues of social control (in the anglo-saxon sense) is what lies at the heart of the expectations of the parties. For the management : to be able to control the business : for the executives : order and efficiency; for the union members : to enjoy institutional guarantees ; for the workers : job security and good working conditions. There is no "human scale", but a moderate size, always possible through judicious sub-groupings, facilitates the sociotechnical arbitration of organizational and structural matters. The size chosen for a plant will define the context for the interplay of technico-economic factors (production) and socio-organizational factors (the "government" of the personnel)
Kehoua, Gilles. "Etude qualitative des facteurs socio-économiques et familiaux du processus de stigmatisation dans la démence en Afrique Centrale." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0100/document.
Full textThe aging population is becoming a major political issue. It results in an increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases including dementia. Dementia is a major public health problem worldwide and in sub-Saharan Africa. It is assimilated to a real "Alzheimer tsunami", because of the growing number of people with dementia. In 50% of cases, they are taken care of in residential care facilities for dependent elderly people or by ambulatory professionals in high-income countries. By cons, in low and middle incomes countries, their taken care is informal, provided by informal caregivers who are neither trained nor encouraged, having links of kinship as filiation, alliance and germanic with people with dementia. In sub- Saharan Africa, mental illnesses are rich in pejorative and demeaning sociocultural representations. The main objective was to describe socio-economic and family factors in the process of stigmatization of people with dementia in urban and rural areas in the Republic of Congo. An ethnological study was conducted in three months’ immersion on the ground. Non-directive interviews conducted in the local (Lingala, Kituba, Mbochi, Teke and Lari) and official languages (French) and complemented by participant observation were used to collect all the data. They were literally transcribed before their classification into themes. Informal caregivers were mainly daughters-in-law and granddaughters. The latter were considered as purveyors of informal care to an estimated duration between 10 to 15 hours a day, against daughters-in-law considered abusers and available between 2 to 6 hours per day. The irregular income of informal caregivers associated with the socio-cultural representations of people with dementia first led to their care by the syncretic churches, with strict diets for exorcism sessions. The second resort was traditional healers using medicinal plants, prayers-incantations and scarifications. Some people with dementia were accused of witchcraft and condemned in public in front of a customary jurisdiction. This accusation of witchcraft was the major form of stigmatization. In the Republic of Congo as in sub-Saharan Africa, the disease is constructed from nuclei of symbols from culture
Guinhouya, Benjamin. "Surpoids et obésité de l'enfant : des méthodes d'évaluation à l'analyse d'interactions complexes avec les facteurs comportementaux et socio-économiques." Lille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL2S035.
Full textThe causes of excess weight gain in children are multifactor. But, the rapid recent increase in the overall prevalence of obesity in children suggests that behavioral and environmental factors are central to the causation. These factors were often studied as unit entities. Thus, the aim of this thesis was to suggest a methodological framework for a global approach of hypothesized determinants of the phenomenon. Three studies help for the clarification of measurements' problems about the definition of excess weight in children as well as those concerning their movement behaviors assessment. The fourth study highlights the interplay between behavioral and environmental factors in determining weight status of children. Thus, familial environments and individual behaviors with respect to physical activity and eating seem to determine different overweight/obesity risk levels among children. On this basis, we have provided examples of school- or family-based preventive and/or corrective actions
Raad, Daoud Youssef. "Analyse évolutive des facteurs agro et socio-économiques du périmètre irrigué de Qasmieh-Ras-el-Ai͏̈n au Liban-Sud." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30062.
Full textThe study of the evolution of the agricultural setting of the oldest irrigation scheme of Qasmieh-Ras-el-Ai͏̈n, located on the southern Lebanese coast revealed to be of major importance, particularly in the global context of water scarcity in the Near East region. The following factors have triggered the development of irrigation scheme: the fertile land of the coastal area of a temperate Mediterranean climate, the availability of water resources from the Litany River (Qasmieh), the will of an emerging state during the Second World War to develop a large irrigation scheme and the export its citrus produce to the growing Arab markets. This study investigated the natural factors, forms of exploitation and their development through time, the infrastructure, the water management of the irrigation scheme and the environment. The analysis and surveys also examined the marketing issues, which have largely affected the transformation of the cropping and socio-economic situation in the area. In conclusion, recommendations for the improvement of the irrigation scheme and the stability of the rural community were presented
Menahem, Benjamin. "Facteurs pronostiques de survie du carcinome hépatocellulaire : approche épidémiologico-chirurgicale." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC427/document.
Full textThe objective of this work was to assess in an epidemiological and a surgical ways prognosis factors of HCC after liver transplantation or liver resection. First step was to determine in a methodological review the overall and disease free survival results of these two techniques. Second step was to use the AFP-score, selection tool for patients with HCC who need liver transplantation in France, as selection tool for a group of patients who underwent surgical resection for transplantable HCC. Final step was to study influence of social deprivation on survival of patients who underwent liver transplantation for HCC in a Nation-wide study.The meta-analysis showed that Liver Transplantation, in patients with HCC meeting the Milan criteria had no benefits before 10 years for OS, compared to Liver resection. For DFS, the benefit is obtain after 3 years.AFP-score is a useful tool for the patient’s management who are suffering from solitary HCC developed on CLD. In patients “in AFP-score”, up-front LR is not associated with a loss of chance, when compare to up-front LT, based on theoretical 5-years OS.European Deprivation Index does not impact mortality after LT for HCC. Number of HCC and time on waiting-list are independent prognostic factors of survival after liver transplantation for HCC
Mezdour, Amina. "Le rôle des facteurs environnementaux dans la migration internationale : étude de cas des immigrants haïtiens au Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30965.
Full textRoustit, Christelle. "La résilience : d'un concept clinique à son application dans le champ de la santé publique : perspectives pédiatriques." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066510.
Full textGentil, Julie. "Influence des facteurs socio-économiques et géographiques sur l'incidence, l'accès aux soins et la survie des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959607.
Full textBrevet, Gentil Julie. "Influence des facteurs socio-économiques et géographiques sur l'incidence, l'accès aux soins et la survie des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOMU04/document.
Full textIn developed countries, breast cancer is currently the leading cancer in women in terms of incidence and mortality (standardized rate of 101.5 and 17.7 per 100,000 person-years in 2005, respectively). Many risk factors and prognostic factors have been studied and are well known. Research is under way with regard to every step in the development of breast cancer, but the impact of socio-economic and geographic factors, at the individual and environmental level with regard to the disease have never been studied in France.The general aim of this work was to explore the impact of these factors in different ways to build on our knowledge and to develop practical applications in the primary, secondary or tertiary prevention of breast cancer.In our first study, we showed that women with a low socio-educational level were less likely to have benefited from at least one mammography within the 6 years or at least one gynaecological consultation within the 3 years before the diagnosis of breast cancer. These women also had a more advanced tumour at diagnosis than did women with a higher socio-educational level. These variables also came to light as predictors of a poor prognosis in terms of survival. In our second study, we showed that access to a surgeon specialised in breast cancer surgery, which is associated with better survival, was influenced by the socio-economic level of the patient’s place of residence, as well as the distance between the patient’s home and reference centres for cancer treatment, where the specialised surgeons work. In our third study, we showed that in contrast to many cancers, the incidence of breast cancer was highest in the most socio-economically privileged areas, and this whatever the age of the patient. We have no explanation for this phenomenon, particularly with regard to the youngest age group of women. Finally, the aim of our fourth study, which is currently on-going, is to study at the individual level, using the new European deprivation index adapted to France, to what extent economic wealth and social standing, as well as the proximity of medical services for patients with breast cancer have an impact on tumour stage, access to treatment, treatment techniques and survival
Palou, Madi Oumarou. "Déterminants socio-économiques de la gestion paysanne des plantations d'Acacia sénégal et de la production de la gomme arabique au Nord-Cameroun." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20145.
Full textThe North Cameroon like all arid and semi-arid zones of African sub-Saharan is facing desertification caused by climatic factors and over exploitation of natural resources.One of the consequences is the decline of crop yields due to degradation of arable land. In this situation, promotion of multipurpose trees plantations can improve the farmers’ livelihood. The introduction of A. senegal in the 90’s in agricultural farms had the aim to restore soil fertility and diversify sources of income for farmers through the production of arabic gum. Despite the multifunction aspect of this tree and the involvement of different development projects for its extension, the results and reactions of local people to its plantation remain inconclusive and selective. The thesis identifies and analyzes the socio-economic factors and their effects on the farmers decision to plant A. senegal. The method is based on surveys and semi-structured interviews. The results show that the best gum yield observed on the exploitation is 50 kg / ha / year. However, the revenue can be increased with the sale of byproducts of A. senegal. Not all farmers are sufficiently informed or trained. A platform for dialogue is to be set in order to redefine the roles of stakeholders in the market chain. For the sustainable management of A. senegal plantations, development projects and policy makers need to meet the standards of gum price differentiation
Méjean, Caroline. "Influence des facteurs socio-économiques, de l'alimentation et des modes de vie sur les maladies non transmissibles liées à l'alimentation chez les immigrés tunisiens vivant en Languedoc-Roussillon." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066075.
Full textGagné, Sandra. "Facteurs socio-économiques de l'adoption de pratiques culturales alternatives en production céréalière, le cas du maïs-grain dans les régions de Richelieu-St-Hyacinthe et du sud-ouest de Montréal." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33643.pdf.
Full textOuld, Mohamed Lemine Sidi. "L'analyse du développement de l'agriculture en Mauritanie." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661010.
Full textLicaj, Idlir. "Inégalités sociales et territoriales de mobilité et d'accidents corporels de la route chez les jeunes." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00860926.
Full textFredj, Noureddine. "L'économie informelle, son fonctionnement intrasystémique et intersystémique : étude des facteurs socio-économiques favorables au maintien de la dynamique familiale et à l'implantation de la dynamique salariale dans une économie en voie de développement : cas de la Tunisie." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE0005.
Full textThe complexity of social and economic realities in less developed countries, cannot be explained by the sole concept : "capital-merchandise". The diversity of social relations of both work socialisation and production process differenciation, lead us to formulate the nature of the articulation between the different organizations forms of economic activities. According to the results of the tunisian economic evolution, we will attempt to explain the economic reality's nature from the combination of five essential dimensions : cooperation, favour, competition, temps and space. The first hypothesis reflects the familial model, the second, the generalisation of the salarial relations, the third representes the preferential practice , the forth means the variation of parameters between the past and the future, and finaly the firth, designs the variation of parameters between the little infinitely process and the big infinitely process. In terms of stable trend, there are two strategies : familial model and salarial model. We will try to analyze the combination of these two models by using a new notion, that we will call : "non unitary complexity of socialisation heterogeneous work". This notion constitutes the explanatory model of both salarisation and informellisation phenomena
Affret, Aurélie. "Évaluation de l’alimentation en épidémiologie et étude de l’évolution de l’alimentation selon l’environnement socio-économique et la survenue de cancer." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS414/document.
Full textThe number of cancer survivors is increasing worldwide. Several studies have demonstrated a potential beneficial impact of healthy lifestyle factors, including the diet, on cancer survival, but only a few studies have evaluated the influence of a cancer diagnosis on the long-term evolution of the diet, taking into account the socioeconomic environment of individuals as well as cancer characteristics such as the site and stage at diagnosis. Moreover, considering that the diet is one of the main determinants of health, an increasing number of epidemiological studies aim to collect dietary data but are limited by the fact that dietary data collection is very time-consuming for participants as well as for researchers. The objective of this project was 1) to better characterize the complex relations between diet and socio-economic environment among women who had cancer and 2) to develop and validate a short tool able to quickly assess the diet in several French population subgroups, and standardize dietary data collection at a national level. We used data from over 50 000 women in the prospective E3N-EPIC cohort study and considered fruit and vegetable consumption as a proxy for overall diet quality. Compared with healthy and non-cancer women, an increase in fruit and vegetable consumption was only observed in women who had an advanced stage of breast cancer (stages II-III-IV). This increase was also only observed in certain socioeconomic groups (e.g. women with high level of education and women living in the South of France). A short food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) was also developed, both a paper and online version, to easily and quickly assess diet. Both versions were validated in a sample of 127 patients with chronic kidney disease and a sample of 92 adults selected among the general population, respectively. Our results help to understand the complex influence of the socioeconomic environment on the evolution of the diet among patients who had cancer. Further studies are required to better understand the factors that prevent cancer survivors from the adoption of healthy dietary patterns. Dietary guidelines should adapt to the socioeconomic environment of individuals, in order to reduce socioeconomic inequities in diet and cancer. Finally, within the framework of the present study, a standardized, validated, short and modern tool has been developed to quickly assess diet in French clinical and epidemiological studies. Diet and dietary patterns will therefore be comparable between several French population subgroups
Licaj, Idlir. "Inégalités sociales et territoriales de mobilité et d’accidents corporels de la route chez les jeunes." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10065/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to measure the influence of individual and contextual socioeconomic factors in daily travel, traffic injury incidences and severity of injuries when it comes to young persons of under 25 years of age in France. Original analyses were made using the following databases: the Rhône road trauma Registry, the Lyon Household Travel Survey 2005-2006 (HTS) and an epidemiological case-control survey conducted during the thesis. Except for casualties of motorized two-wheeler crash incidences for the different categories of road users (motorists, cyclists, roller-skate users and pedestrians) were generally higher among the inhabitants of deprived municipalities. Depending on categories of road users huge gender differences were also observed. The effects of socioeconomic factors on injury severity, individual and contextual socioeconomic differences in the use of modes of transport (daily travel), car ownership and access to driver’s license were also studied. The case-control study allows the investigation to focus simultaneously on injuries, daily travel and intermediate-risk factors such as risk behaviors factors of young people. The recognition of social inequalities in daily travel and traffic injuries allow focusing prevention campaigns on the existence of higher risk areas and groups
Authman, Yousif Rodina. "Approche marketing du comportement de consommateur : test de différents modèles appliqués aux produits électro-ménagers." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF10004.
Full textTorres, Arnaud. "Pilotage de la transmission des compétences et des savoir-faire par le manager de proximité comme facteur de développement et de performances socio-économiques." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30029.
Full textThe transfer of skills and know-how (TS/TKH) in organizations are of strategic importance for their survival and development and therefore require careful and rigorous control to provide any added value preparation.The first explicit conceptual and methodological research foundations and has lots of investigation and experimentation of our assumptions and tools part . It presents the issues related to the transfer of skills and know-how from the analysis of interviews, dysfunctions and their hidden regulatory costs. We study the importance of the definition of a policy of TS / TKH by management and the roles and practices of human resource skills management and transfer.In the second part, we study the key role held by the manager of proximity, its strategic position in the organization and management practices in the management and implementation of the policy of transfer of know -how, as well as in the monitoring and development of individual and collective performance. We also study the socio -economic impacts of actions TS / TKH and control these actions by local managers. Finally, we propose the concept of proximity manager - developer relying on the evolution of management in the twentieth century, the concept of integrated training and the importance of education. We offer management tools to allow local managers to better manage the TS / TKH
Bounaix, Dominique. "La qualité, facteur de performances socio-économiques : mythe et réalité : contribution à l'étude du développement des méthodes relatives à la qualité dans la gestion des entreprises." Toulouse 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU10014.
Full textThe research is concerned with the organization of human groups at work and their development dynamics based on the analysis of management patterns relating to quality. Beneath a surface consensus and an apparent unity in the methods, some differentiated practices can be observed based on the regulation of the unidentified costs and of human complexity of the organization. Individual case studies of a particular firm have enabled to reconstitute four types of behaviors among which prevails the social and human logic of quality
Valderrama, Guevara Alena F. "Effets de la pauvreté, la vulnérabilité biologique et la vulnérabilité psychosociale pendant la petite enfance pour les crises d'asthme à 7 ans dans la cohorte ÉLDEQ." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8099.
Full textNdagijimana, Jean-Baptiste. "LES FACTEURS DE LA FAIBLE MOTIVATION ET LEURS EFFETS SUR L'APPRENTISSAGE. Cas des élèves de l'Ecole Normale Primaire (ENP/TTC) au Rwanda." Phd thesis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920269.
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