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1
Liu, Tingting. "Thyroid transcription factor 1 gene(TITF1) a potential heritable determinant of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC) /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39793898.
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Liu, Tingting, and 劉婷婷. "Thyroid transcription factor 1 gene(TITF1): apotential heritable determinant of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39793898.
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Patel, Mayank Bhaskar Rao. "The role of the growth hormone-insulin like growth factor axis as a determinant of bone mineral density in men." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436961.
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ALFEO, MARIANGELA JESSICA. "Staphylococcus aureus iron-regulated surface determinant B (IsdB) protein interacts with von Willebrand factor and promotes adherence to endothelial cells." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1446314.
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KUMAWAT, PINKY. "Using attitudes and green consciousness as a determinant of travel behaviour and market segmentation." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2964784.
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Muaddi, Hala. "Phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2-alpha at serine 51 is an important determinant of cell survival and adaptation to glucose deficiency." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:8881/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=92253.
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Wrede, Fabian. "The Determinant Factors of School Choice and Studen's Perception(s) of USBE : - Finding Out What Really Counts for Prospective Students." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1068.
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<p>Prompted by increased competition, universities around Sweden are beginning to recognize that marketing and branding are strategic key components. This recognition is of great importance for Umeå School of Business (USBE) given that it is often perceived as both geographically and psychologically distant for many prospective students. A committed brand management initiative by the management of USBE could therefore serve to strengthen the school’s competitive ability and increase its brand equity in the long run, making it more attractive to prospective students.</p><p>In order to create a foundation for this work, this study sets out to answer; what are the relevant brand equity dimensions of a business school, and what is the general perception(s) of them with regards to USBE? The study is limited to prospective and present students making it possible to interpret these relevant brand equity dimensions as determinant factors of school choice given that it is the most obvious use prospective students will make of them.</p><p>In the study, existing brand equity theories are used to construct a conceptual brand equity framework applicable to a business school’s brand and organization. A quantitative survey is then performed to collect empirical data from over 450 students at nine Swedish universities including USBE.</p><p>After performing a series of factor analyses on the empirical data, the study shows that the relevant brand equity dimensions for prospective business students are awareness and loyalty in addition to associations in the form of the Outcome & Prestige of the education, its Versatility, Performance, and Expertise as well as its ability to instigate Assurance.</p><p>The study also indicates that there are considerable differences between the general perception(s) of these dimensions with regards to USBE between USBE’s present students and prospective students – implying that strategic actions are necessary to correct for this. Toward the end of the study, the author therefore provides the management of USBE with brief suggestions of how these actions could be undertaken.</p>
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Wang, Caroline Ho-Yane. "Une recherche participative sur les déterminants sociaux et psychosociaux de la santé avec des adultes ayant un faible revenu." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11072.
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Introduction : Une faible situation sociale est associée à un risque accru de mortalité et morbidité. Plusieurs facteurs ont été étudiés en lien avec cette association, mais un mécanisme proposé par Tarlov (1996), soit la dissonance entre les attentes et la réalité, n’a pas été investigué. De plus, peu d’études ont examiné en profondeur les facteurs sociaux et psychosociaux influençant la santé avec la participation des personnes vivant la pauvreté et l’exclusion sociale. Objectifs et méthodologie : Cette étude vise à identifier et à décrire les facteurs nuisant à la santé d’adultes ayant un faible revenu, les stratégies et actions de ces personnes en lien avec ces facteurs et les effets de la participation pour ces personnes. Cette étude a utilisé une approche de recherche participative et une méthode de présentation de problèmes selon la pédagogie de Freire. Les participants et participantes étaient huit adultes ayant un faible revenu, fréquentant un organisme communautaire en milieu urbain. Ces personnes ont participé à huit rencontres de groupe, comprenant des activités comme la présentation d’images ou d’histoires représentatives et le jeu de rôle. Ces personnes ont aussi participé à l’analyse thématique des données, incluant cinq rencontres de groupe. Résultats et conclusions : Cette étude identifie un nouveau facteur psychosocial, soit la dissonance entre la situation actuelle perçue et l’idéal de situation conçu tôt dans la vie. Cette dissonance génère un profond mal-être et suit la perte ou la non atteinte de l’idéal de situation. Les autres facteurs identifiés soutiennent ceux d’études précédentes et sont groupés sous les thèmes du manque d’amour et de soutien tôt dans la vie et de la situation actuelle comme prison sociale. Cette étude identifie aussi un effet important de la participation, peu rapporté dans les études participatives, soit les découvertes personnelles ou une meilleure compréhension de soi dans le monde. L’approche de recherche participative combinée à la méthode de présentation de problèmes selon la pédagogie de Freire permet les découvertes personnelles et peut être un moyen d’accompagner les personnes vivant un profond mal-être. Les actions, interventions et politiques devraient permettre aux personnes de réaliser leur idéal de situation et de répondre aux besoins d’amour et de soutien des enfants.<br>Abstract: Introduction: Poor social circumstances, including low social status, are associated with a higher risk of mortality and morbidity. Many factors have been studied in relation to this association, but a mechanism advanced by Tarlov (1996) concerning dissonance between expectations and reality has not been investigated. Moreover, few studies have examined in depth social and psychosocial factors influencing health, with the participation of people living in poverty and social exclusion. objectives and methodology: This study aims to identify and describe the factors harming the health of low-income adults; the strategies and actions used by low-income adults, which are linked to these factors; and the effects on the participants of participation in the study. This study used a participatory research approach and a problem-posing method based on Freire’s pedagogy. The participants were eight low-income adults using food bank services provided by a community organization in an urban setting. They participated in eight group meetings, which included activities such as presentation of representative stories or images and role-playing. They also participated in the data analysis, during five additional meetings. Results and conclusions: This study identifies a new psychosocial factor, namely, the dissonance between current perceived circumstances and one’s ideal of circumstances conceived early in life. This dissonance generates profound malaise and follows a loss or a failure to achieve the ideal of circumstances. Other factors identified support those from previous studies and are grouped into two themes: lack of love and support from an early age, and current circumstances as a trap. This study also identifies an important and under-reported outcome of participation, which is the experience of personal discoveries or a better understanding of the self in the world. A participatory research approach combined with a problem-posing method based on Freire’s pedagogy enables personal discoveries and might be a means for accompanying people with profound malaise. Actions, interventions, and policies should enable people to achieve their ideal of circumstances and to respond to children’s needs for love and support.
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Mee, Paul. "Who died, where, when and why? : an investigation of HIV-related mortality in rural South Africa." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Epidemiologi och global hälsa, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-108610.
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Background South Africa has experienced the most severe consequences of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Every community has been affected in some way, many experiencing huge increases in mortality,particularly before antiretroviral therapies (ART) were readily available. However, the micro-level understanding of the HIV epidemic in South Africa is weak, because of a lack of detailed data for most of the population. This thesis is based on detailed individual follow-up in the Agincourt Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) located in the Agincourt subdistrict of Mpumalanga Province and investigates micro-level determinants of HIV epidemiology and the impact of treatment provided. Methods The Agincourt HDSS has followed a geographically defined population since 1992,approximately the time when the HIV/AIDS epidemic first became apparent. This population based surveillance has included capturing details of all deaths, with cause of death determined by verbal autopsy, as well as the geographical location of individual households within the overall Agincourt area. Background information on the roll-out of ART over time was also recorded. Results A comparison immediately before and after the major roll-out of ART showed a substantial decrease in HIV-related mortality, greater in some local communities within the area than others. Individual determinants associated with a decreased risk of HIV/AIDS mortality included proximity to ART services, as well as being female, younger, and in higher socioeconomic and educational strata. There was a decrease in the use of traditional healthcare sources and an increase in the use of biomedical healthcare amongst those dying of HIV/AIDS between periods before and after the roll-out of ART. Conclusions Understanding micro-level determinants of HIV/AIDS infection and mortality was very important in terms of characterising the overall epidemic in this community. This approach will enable public health interventions to be more effectively targeted towards those who need them most in the continuing evolution of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
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Cabaço, David Alberto Rodriguez. "A estrutura de capitais das pequenas e médias empresas em Portugal e Espanha." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/14218.
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A importância da Pequena e Média Empresa (PME) nos tecidos económicos de
Portugal e Espanha leva a uma reflexão sobre as diversas alternativas de financiamento
existentes nestas duas economias. As empresas podem financiar as suas actividades através da
utilização de recursos próprios e de terceiros, formando a sua estrutura de capitais. Na
literatura financeira, o estudo sobre a estrutura de capitais teve a sua origem na publicação do
trabalho de Modigliani e Miller (1958).
O objectivo deste trabalho de investigação foi o de analisar, para algumas das maiores
PME portuguesas e espanholas, a relevância e validade de vários factores considerados na
literatura como determinantes da estrutura de capitais das empresas: dimensão,
oportunidades de crescimento, tangibilidade dos activos, rentabilidade e taxa de lucro.
Para alcançar os objectivos propostos foi realizado um estudo descritivo, quantitativo
e explicativo. Foi utilizada uma regressão linear múltipla com dados em painel para o período
de 2005 a 2008, utilizando as variáveis anteriormente referidas e como variável dependente a
estrutura de capitais, a partir de dados recolhidos nos documentos financeiros através do
Sistema de Análise de Balanços Ibéricos (SABI).
Concluiu-se que entre as variáveis estudadas, nos dois países, o factor “taxa de lucro”
não se mostrou relevante para explicar o nível de endividamento das PME. Por outro lado, o
indicador “dimensão”, por sua vez, mostrou-se significante para Portugal e não para Espanha.
Os restantes indicadores (oportunidades de crescimento, rentabilidade e tangibilidade dos
activos) considerados na análise mostraram-se determinantes na estrutura de capitais das
empresas em análise; ABSTRACT: One of the most contentious issues in the theory of finance has been the theory of
capital structure. In recent years, a number of theories have been proposed to explain the
variation in debt ratio across firms. The theories suggest that firms select their capital structure
depending on attributes that determine the various costs and benefits associated with debt
and equity financing. Modigliani and Miller (1958) showed that capital structure decisions do
not affect firm value when capital markets are perfect and when corporate and personal taxes
do not exist. The purpose of this research was to examine, for some of the Portuguese and
Spanish SMEs, the relevance and validity of several factors considered in the literature as
determinants of capital structure of firms: size, growth opportunities, tangibility of assets,
profitability and profit rate. To achieve these objectives it was developed a descriptive,
quantitative and explanatory study. It was used a multiple linear regression with panel data for
the period 2005 to 2008, using the variables mentioned above as the dependent variable and
the capital structure, based on data collected in the financial documents through the System of
Iberian Balance Analysis (SABI).
The results show that the SMEs in both countries exhibit similarities in their capital
structure choices. Profit rate is not statistically significant for both countries. Size is statistically
significant only for Portugal. The remaining factors (growth opportunities, profitability and
tangibility of assets) included in the analysis were determinants in the capital structure of
companies under study.
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Payano, Matilde Peguero. "Pneumonia em crianças menores de cinco anos em Salvador Bahia." Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Doutora em Saúde Pública, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/11156.
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Previous issue date: 2012<br>Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde, as infecções respiratórias agudas das vias inferiores (IRAVIs)constituem as principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade em crianças menores de cinco anos de idade no mundo. Dos atendimentos ambulatoriais em pediatria, entre 40 a 60% são devidos a IRAVIs. Nos países de renda baixa são
a primeira causa de morte. Das IRAVIs a pneumonia (PN) é a mais frequente. É responsável por 18% do total de morte nesta faixa etária. Aproximadamente 99% dos casos ocorrem nos países de baixa renda. Uma parcela importante da PN pode ser prevenida pelo uso da vacina contra o Hib. OBJETIVO. Estudar a ocorrência da PN em crianças menores de cinco anos. METODO. Trata-se de um estudo de caso-controle pareado por idade e vizinhança. Os casos (n=527) foram crianças de 6 até 47 meses de idade hospitalizadas por IRAVIs, de junho 2006 até maio 2008, nos principais hospitais da rede do SUS em Salvador. Os controles (n=1.045) foram crianças da comunidade da mesma idade do que o caso (mais/menos 6 meses do que o caso). Os dados foram submetidos à análise bivariada e multivariada por meio de regressão logística condicional. A análise foi feita usando STATA V.10. RESULTADOS. Os determinantes sociais em saúde modelam o caminho causal das IRAVIs em crianças menores
de cinco anos e incluem fatores socioeconômicos, médio ambiente e fatores individuais. Na população estudada, a
média e mediana de idade foi de 19 e16 meses respectivamente. Foram encontrados como fatores de risco: ter mãe empregada (OR 1,34 IC95% 1,06 1,69), morar em casa construída de material inapropriado (OR 2,38 IC95% 1,23
4,62), freqüentar a creche (OR 2,12 IC95% 1,49 3,01), o fumo da mãe durante a gravidez (OR 2,02 IC95% 1,42 2,89) e a prematuridade (OR 2,15 IC95% 1,28 3,63). O fato de ter mãe empregada contribui com 9% da ocorrência
de IRAVIs (PAF 9%), seguido de freqüentar creche (PAF 8%), fumo da mãe durante a gravidez (PAF 7%), entanto que a construção de casa de material inapropriado e a prematuridade 3% cada (PAF 3%). A efetividade da vacina contra o Hib na redução de internações devida a PN foi de 3% (OR 0.97 IC 95% 0,71 1,37). CONCLUSÃO. Os
fatores de risco para IRAVIs na população estudada estão ligada as condições de vida da família. A vacina conjugada contra o Hib, sob condições de aplicação do calendário regular de vacinação do SUS, mostra evidencias inconclusas relativo ao efeito protetor na prevenção de internações devida a PN em crianças de 6 até 47 meses de
idade em Salvador, provavelmente devido ao efeito da vacina na eliminação de portadores do Hib.<br>Salvador
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Hipólito, Marta das Neves Ramos. "The determinants of corporate capital structure : evidence from Portuguese companies, 1984-1988." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10790.
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Mestrado em Finanças<br>O propósito desta tese é analisar a estrutura de capital de empresas portuguesas cotadas em bolsa, focando na relação entre o nível de endividamento e os factores determinantes considerados mais relevantes na literatura financeira. A amostra utilizada neste estudo empírico é composta por 87 empresas cotadas, tendo sido recolhida informação contabilística referente ao período de 1984 a 1988. Com base numa análise de dados em painel, os resultados obtidos sugerem que a dimensão e a estrutura do activo são factores determinantes do endividamento. Os resultados contribuem para complementar a informação disponibilizada em estudos existentes, e para providenciar um conhecimento mais profundo acerca das decisões que as empresas tomam para a sua estrutura de capitais.<br>This dissertation aims to analyze the capital structure of Portuguese listed companies on the stock market, focusing on the relationship between the level of debt and its most relevant determinant factors considered in financial literature. The sample used in this empirical study consists of 87 listed companies and accounting information has been collected for the period 1984-1988. Using a panel data approach, we found that size and asset tangibility are determinant factors of the debt level. The results contribute to fill a gap on Portuguese history, helping to complement existing studies and to provide a deeper understanding of the companies? decisions about their capital structure.
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Zandvakili, Arya. "The Role of Affinity and Arrangement of Transcription Factor Binding Sites in Determining Hox-regulated Gene Expression Patterns." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535708748728472.
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Matos, António Alexandre Carvalho. "Determinantes na escolha do banco: aplicações aos jovens." Master's thesis, Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/6440.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais – Gestão de Pequenas e Médias
Empresas<br>Os estudos sobre os critérios fundamentais para a escolha de um banco já são alvo de interesse
desde os finais dos anos 60, sendo a maioria da literatura relativa ao comportamento de compra
bancário nos EUA e Europa.
Pretende-se com este trabalho estudar os factores que influenciam a escolha do banco em
Portugal, num segmento bastante estratégico e valorizado na banca: os jovens.
Na revisão da literatura surgiram os seguintes factores como explicativos da escolha do banco:
qualidade no atendimento, reputação / imagem, influência de terceiros, influência não
pessoal, conveniência / localização, serviços electrónicos e preço. Todas as variáveis
identificadas neste estudo foram interligadas a um Modelo Conceptual de Investigação.
A metodologia de investigação contemplou um inquérito por questionário aplicado a 185 jovens
estudantes universitários do Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, nomeadamente na Escola Superior
de Ciências Empresariais.
Os resultados da análise através de regressão logística apontam para a reputação / imagem do
banco e o género como as variáveis explicativas relevantes na escolha de um banco.<br>Studies about the key criteria factors for choosing a bank are already the interest of the financial /
banking sector since the late '60s. Most of its literature relative to the buying behavior was
developed in the U.S. and European market.
The objective of this work is to study the factors that influence choosing a bank in Portugal,
focusing in a strategic and valued segment towards banking sector: the youngsters.
In the literature that was studied, regarding bank choosing, the mainly factors emerged were:
quality of service, reputation / image, influence of others, non-personal influence, convenience /
location, electronic services and price. All variables identified in this study were linked to a
Conceptual Model Research of investigation.
The research methodology included a survey applied to 185 university students from the
Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, at the School of Business (ESCE).
The logistic regression analysis results indicate that bank reputation / image and gender were the
most relevant factors regarding bank choosing.
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Rodríguez, Vicente Àgueda. "Nivells de vitamina D en gestants del nostre medi: principals factors determinants i resultats perinatals." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400222.
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INTRODUCCIÓ: La deficiència de vitamina D és un problema de salut pública a nivellmundial amb importants conseqüències clíniques potencials. Tot i això, la majoria de països encara no disposen de dades a nivell poblacional, sobretot en referència a població gestant. OBJECTIUS:
els objectius principals de l’estudi són 1) determinar la prevalença de ladeficiència de vitamina D en dones embarassades participants d’una cohort prospectiva al naixement; 2) identificar els principals determinants dels nivells de vitamina D en dones gestants; i 3) analitzar si la deficiència de vitamina D té relacióamb resultats perinatals adversos. METODOLOGIA:
estudi prospectiu de cohorts que forma part del projecte INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA), basat en cohorts de naixement (parelles mare-fill),provinents de diferents àrees geogràfiques de l’estat espanyol. Es va determinar la 25hidroxivitamina
D3 (25(OH)D3) durant l’embaràs (mitjana 13.3 setmanes, DE:1.5) a un total de 2358 dones procedents de València, Sabadell, Astúries i Guipukzoa. Es va realitzar un anàlisi uni i multivariant per tal d’identificar els principals factors predictors de la concentració de 25(OH)D3 i de la deficiència (<20ng/ml) i insuficiència(20-29.9ng/ml) de vitamina D, així com per avaluar la possible associació entre els nivells de vitamina D i l’aparició de diabetis gestacional, part preterme, cesària i alteracions del creixement fetal.RESULTATS: el 31% i el 18% de les gestants van presentar insuficiència i deficiència de vitamina D, respectivament. L’estació de l’any, la latitud, l’edat, la classe social, eltabaquisme durant l’embaràs, l’activitat física i l’ús de suplements de vitamina D van ser identificats com a factors determinants independents dels nivells de vitamina D. El risc baix de deficiència i insuficiència de vitamina D es va associar amb: estació de l’any (RR insuficiència= 0.34, 95% CI 0.25, 0.48; RR deficiència = 0.07, 95% CI 0.04, 0.12),latitud baixa (RR insuficiència=0.71, 95% CI 0.50, 1.02; RR deficiència = 0.60, 95% CI0.38, 0.94), ús de suplements (RR insuficiència = 0.50, 95% CI 0.35, 0.71; RR deficiència= 0.24, 95% CI 0.14, 0.41) i activitat física intensa (RR insuficiència = 0.80, 95% CI 0.58, 1.09; RR deficiència = 0.67, 95% CI 0.46, 1.03). El risc augmentat de deficiència de vitamina D es va relacionar amb: classe social baixa (RR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.19, 3.16) itabaquisme (RR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.23, 2.54). Pel que fa als resultats perinatals, no es va trobar cap associació entre la concentració de 25(OH)D3 i la diabetis gestacional nipart preterme. Les gestants amb nivells òptims de vitamina D (>30ng/ml) van presentar una disminució del risc de cesària per fracàs en la progressió del part (part estacionat, desproporció pèlvico-fetal i inducció fallida), amb RR= 0.60, 95% CI 0.37,
0.97. En els fills de mares amb nivells més elevats de 25(OH)D3 es va observar una tendència a presentar una circumferència cefàlica menor, amb un coeficient (DE)estimat pel doble de la concentració de 25(OH)D3 de -0.10 (0.05) cm, p=0.038. No es van trobar associacions significatives amb la resta de mesures antropomètriques. CONCLUSIONS: la deficiència i insuficiència de vitamina D té una prevalença elevada en gestants del nostre àmbit. Tot i que no s'ha trobat associació entre els nivells de vitamina D i la diabetis gestacional, el part preterme o les alteracions de creixement fetal, sí que els resultats obtinguts suggereixen que nivells adequats de vitamina D durant la gestació podrien reduir el risc de cesària per obstrucció en el treball de part. Es podrien proposar una sèrie de recomanacions en dones gestants per tal d’intentar augmentar els nivells de vitamina D durant l’embaràs i reduir els potencials efectes adversos sobre la salut materno-fetal derivats del seu dèficit.<br>INTRODUCTION: vitamin D deficiency is a public health concern in terms of potential clinical effects. However, there is little population-based data available to quantify the degree of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in pregnant women in most countries. OBJECTIVES:
the main objectives of the study are 1) to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women of a prospective birth cohort; 2)to identifythe main determinants of vitamin D levels in pregnant women; and 3) to examine whether vitamin D deficiency is related to adverse perinatal outcomes . METHODS:
prospective cohort study included in the INMA – INfancia y MedioAmbiente (Environment and Childhood) Project, a prospective population-based birth cohort study conducted in four geographical areas of Spain (Valencia, Sabadell,Asturias and Gipukzoa). Maternal circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3)concentration was measured in 2358 women during pregnancy (mean [SD] 13.5 [2.2]weeks of gestation). Uni-and multivariable regression models were conducted to identify predictors of circulating 25(OH)D3 concentration and vitamin D insufficiency (20–29.9 ng/mL) and deficiency (<20 ng/mL), and to test associations ofmaternal 25(OH)D3 concentration with gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm delivery, caesarean section, fetal growth restriction, small-for-gestational age and anthropometric birth outcomes RESULTATS: 31% and 18% of women had vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, respectively. Season at blood collection, latitude, age, social class, tobacco smoking, physical activity and use of vitamin D supplements were identified as independent determinants of 25(OH)D3 concentration. Lower risk of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency was associated with summer season at blood collection (RR for insufficiency = 0.34, confidence intervals (CI) 0.25, 0.48; and RR for deficiency = 0.07, 95% CI 0.04, 0.12); southern latitude (RR for insufficiency = 0.71, 95% CI 0.50, 1.02; RR for deficiency = 0.60, 95% CI 0.38, 0.94); use of vitamin D supplements (RR for insufficiency = 0.50, 95% CI 0.35, 0.71; RR for deficiency = 0.24, 95% CI 0.14, 0.41); and strong physical activity (RR for insufficiency = 0.80, 95% CI 0.58, 1.09; and RR for deficiency = 0.67, 95% CI 0.46, 1.03). Higher risk of vitamin D deficiency was related to lower social class (RR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.19, 3.16) and smoking (RR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.23, 2.54). Regarding perinatal outcomes, there was no association between maternal25(OH)D3 concentration and risk of gestational diabetes or preterm delivery. Women with sufficient vitamin D [25 (OH)D3 ≥ 30 ng/ml] had a decreased risk of caesarean section by obstructed labour compared with women with vitamin D deficiency (relative risk (RR) = 0.60, 95% CI 0.37, 0.97). Offspring of mothers with higher circulating 25(OH)D3 concentration tended to have smaller HC [coefficient (SE) per doubling concentration of 25(OH)D3, !0.10 (0.05), P = 0.038]. No significant associations were found for other birth outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are highly prevalent inpregnancy. Although no association was found between vitamin D status in pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm delivery, fetal growth restriction, small-forgestational
age and anthropometric birth outcomes, results suggest that sufficient circulating vitamin D concentration in pregnancy may reduce the risk of caesarean section by obstructed labour. Recommendations to detect and prevent hypovitaminosis D during pregnancy should be developed taking into account the associated factors.
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Galarza, Francisco B., and J. Guillermo Díaz. "Total Factor Productivity in the Peruvian Agriculture: Estimation and Determinants." Economía, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116883.
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In this article, we propose an estimation of the agriculture productivity using micro data forPeru. The method used builds on recent production function’s estimation techniques developed for panel data (e.g., Gandhi et al., 2013) but using cross-section data. Data constraints urge us to impose functional forms for the estimation. In particular, we choose the constant elasticity of substitution function, which is more flexible that other functions used by prior literature in Peru (such as the Cobb-Douglas). We find no evidence of the existence of increasing returns to scale in the Peruvian agriculture, and that the productivity is positively correlated with age, sex, andeducation, and negatively correlated with the farming unit’s acreage and market power.<br>En este artículo, proponemos la estimación de la productividad agrícola usando datos micro-económicos para el Perú. El método consiste en la estimación de una función de producción agraria, que permite recuperar la productividad como un residuo, y constituye una aplicación directa de desarrollos metodológicos recientes en la estimación de funciones de producción con datos de panel (e.g., Gandhi et al., 2013), pero aplicado en este artículo a datos de sección cru- zada. Debido a la menor información disponible para la estimación con respecto al caso de datos de panel, recurrimos a supuestos de formas funcionales. En particular, se escoge la función de elasticidad de sustitución constante, que permite una mayor flexibilidad que otras formas usadas previamente en la literatura empírica nacional, como la Cobb-Douglas. Encontramos que no hay sustento para la hipótesis de la existencia de retornos crecientes a escala; que la productividad está positivamente correlacionada con la edad, el sexo, y la educación; y negativamente relacionadacon el tamaño de la unidad agropecuaria y el poder de mercado.
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Piedade, Olávio Giza Silva da. "Fatores determinantes do crescimento económico em Angola, no período entre 2007 e 2013." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13631.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão e Políticas Públicas<br>Angola é um dos maiores países de África e com maior riqueza em recursos naturais. Durante quase três décadas viveu tempos difíceis de guerra civil, mas com o fim da mesma, em 2002, o país começou a dar passos significativos rumo ao desenvolvimento. Em apenas cerca de dez anos Angola atingiu a primeira meta dos objetivos do milénio, reduzindo para metade o número de cidadãos que viviam no limiar da pobreza. Sendo um país com um enorme potencial económico, o seu nível de crescimento, na última década, tem despertado atenções por parte da comunidade internacional. Atualmente a economia angolana, fortemente assente na indústria petrolífera, tem vindo a enfrentar novos desafios nomeadamente a necessidade de promover a diversificação da economia. O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar e estudar os fatores que mais contribuíram para o crescimento económico em Angola no período entre 2007 e 2013, recorrendo a um tipo de pesquisa de cariz simultaneamente qualitativo e quantitativo. Optou-se por métodos de investigação de caráter exploratório e explicativo, dando-se preferência à pesquisa bibliográfica e à análise documental. Assim, para a realização deste estudo recorreu-se a pesquisa e revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema bem como a análise documental do material recolhido, junto de entidades públicas em Angola. Recorreu-se também a uma análise exploratória quantitativa que consistiu na recolha de dados quantitativos de diferentes fontes e na sua análise e interpretação. Conclui-se, com base no estudo efetuado, que, no período entre 2007 e 2013, os parâmetros do crescimento económico em Angola mais relevantes são o PIB per capita, o consumo público, as importações e exportações, a taxa de juro e a taxa de câmbio. Os dados económicos analisados permitiram confirmar um crescimento desde a crise de 2009 até 2013. No entanto é de salientar uma desaceleração do crescimento da economia em 2015 e o impacto da queda do preço do petróleo.<br>Angola is one of the largest countries in Africa and greater wealth in natural resources. For nearly three decades he lived difficult times of civil war, but the end of it, in 2002, the country began to take significant steps towards development. In just about ten years Angola reached the first goal of the objectives of the millennium, halving the number of citizens living below the poverty line. Being a country with huge economic potential, the level of growth in the last decade, has attracted attention from the international community. Currently the Angolan economy, heavily reliant on the oil industry, has been facing new challenges including the need to promote diversification of the economy. This study aimed to identify and study the factors that contributed to economic growth in Angola between 2007 and 2013, using a kind of both qualitative and quantitative-oriented research. We chose to exploratory and explanatory character research methods, giving preference to literature and document analysis. So for this study we resorted to research and literature review on the subject and the documentary analysis of material collected from public entities in Angola. It also appealed to a quantitative exploratory analysis consisting of the collection of quantitative data from different sources and their analysis and interpretation.
It can be concluded, based on the collection of data carried out that in the period between 2007 and 2013, the parameters of economic growth in Angola, most relevant are the GDP per capita, public consumption, imports and exports, the interest rate and the exchange rate. Economic data analyzed possible to confirm growth since the crisis of 2009 to 2013. However it should be noted a slowdown in economic growth in 2015 and the impact of the oil price fall.<br>N/A
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Chobotova, Katya. "Ligand binding determinants of LIF receptor." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244596.
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Bento, Luís Guilherme Mendes. "IDE em Portugal : factores institucionais de atracção de investimento." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11394.
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Mestrado em Economia Internacional e Estudos Europeus<br>No presente mundo globalizado, os países vivem uma competição constante para captar investimento. A ambição do presente estudo é compreender a definição de investimento directo estrangeiro (IDE), os seus componentes e motivações, mas sobretudo medir o seu lado mais institucional: o poder das instituições, o estado do ambiente de negócios e o grau de burocracia de uma economia. Estes são alguns dos factores passíveis de ditar a capacidade de captar investimento e, talvez mais importante que isso, assegurar a sua permanência. A análise incide sobre a literatura relevante para o assunto, um ponto de situação do IDE em Portugal e o recurso a dois importantes indicadores mundiais: Doing Business e Index of Economic Freedom, que permitem aferir o estado institucional da economia portuguesa deste ponto de vista. As conclusões resultantes da análise, mostram um Portugal moderno e inovador - em certos pontos mais evoluído que os seus homólogos comunitários - mas é visível a necessidade de reformas institucionais para melhorar o desempenho da economia e aumentar a atracção de investimento directo estrangeiro.<br>In the globalized world we live in, countries experience a constant competition to attract investment. The purpose of this study is to understand the foreign direct investment (FDI) definition, motivations and components, but above all, to evaluate the FDI institutional framework, how strong institutions are, the business environment, as well as the degree of bureaucracy in an economy, because these are some of the factors most likely to dictate the ability to attract investment and perhaps more important than this, to ensure its permanence. The analysis focuses on the relevant literature regarding the subject matter, FDI data from Portugal and the analysis of two important worldwide indicators: Doing Business and Index of Economic Freedom, in order to assess the institutional status of the Portuguese economy from this point of view. The conclusions stemming from the analysis, show a modern and innovative Portugal, to certain regards further evolved than their European counterparts, but it is quite visible the need for institutional reforms to improve the performance of the economy and the ability to attract foreign direct investment.
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Mitchell, Cynthia. "Weight Maintenance: Determinants Of Success." DigitalCommons@USU, 2005. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5512.
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This literature review was a selective examination of current obesity and physical activity research and opinions. Its purpose was more to evoke thought and discussion regarding the United States' obesity epidemic, rather than serve as an exhaustive account of prospective causes and solutions. Obesity and physical inactivity are major preventable health problems in the United States, but despite overwhelming evidence regarding the benefits of a healthy weight and regular physical activity, adult, childhood and adolescent obesity rates continue to escalate, creating significant health, medical and economic consequences.
While obesity rates soar, a small population percentage has proven successful in long-term weight maintenance, even in the presence of significantly influential environmental and interpersonal factors. Reviewing strategies employed by National Weight Control Registry members, this literature review discusses the two behavioral components missing from standard or traditional, action-oriented intervention programs.
Although th e Stages-of-Change Model ex plains an indi vidual"s readiness to change and the process in vo lved, se lf-effi cacy and self-regulating behav iors were shown to have a more positi ve effect on long-term maintenance. Thus, recommendati ons for practical appli cation include incorporating these behavioral components for a more effecti ve and client-centered interventi on program.
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Ferreira, Sara Raquel Ledo. "Determinantes da estrutura de capital das PME's e das grandes empresas: uma aplicação à indústria transformadora portuguesa." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1956.
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Mestrado em Finanças<br>Este trabalho pretende analisar a relevância e validade dos principais atributos sugeridos pela teoria como determinantes da estrutura de capital (dimensão, estrutura do activo, rendibilidade, crescimento, risco de negócio e efeito sector) e evidenciar o seu contributo quando aplicados aos rácios de endividamento, desagregados em Curto Prazo e Médio e Longo Prazo. Os dados utilizados neste trabalho foram recolhidos junto da Central de Balanços do Banco de Portugal1, relativo a nove sectores da Indústria Transformadora Portuguesa e com referência ao período de 1993 a 2007. Os sectores em questão estão divididos em dois grupos: o das PME's e o das Grandes Empresas. Recorrendo a modelos de regressão linear múltipla, os resultados obtidos permitem verificar que: (i) o nível de rendibilidade e a estrutura do activo influenciam a estrutura de capital das PME's; (ii) a estrutura de capital das Grandes Empresas é explicada apenas pela rendibilidade; (iii) a dimensão, o crescimento e o risco de negócio não parecem ser determinantes relevantes dos rácios de endividamento observados; (iv) o efeito sector é significativo quando analisado o seu impacto ao nível do endividamento de Curto Prazo e do endividamento de Médio e Longo Prazo.<br>This paper discusses the relevance and validity of the key attributes suggested by theory as determinants of capital structure (size, asset structure, profitability, growth, business risk and effect of business industry) and shows its contribution when applied to debt ratios, disaggregated into short term and medium long term. The data were obtained from the Central Balance Sheet of the Bank of Portugal, on nine sectors of Portuguese Manufacturing Industry and refer to the period from 1993 to 2007. The sectors concerned are divided into two groups: the SME's and the Large Firms. Using models of multiple linear regression, the results obtained show that: (i) the level of profitability and the asset structure influence the capital structure of SME's; (ii) the capital structure of Large Firms is only explained by the profitability; (iii) the size, growth and business risk does not seem to be relevant of the observed debt ratios, (iv) the effect industry is significant when analyzed its impact on short term and medium long term ratios.
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Sutan, Rosnah. "Determinant Factors of Unexplained Ante partum Stillbirths." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485374.
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Advances in health and medical technology which anticipate, closely monitor and treat pregnant women have reduced the number of explained ante partum stillbirths and reduced the overall stillbirth rate. However, unexplained ante partum stillbirth has been proportionally increasing in both developed and developing countries. Few studies have attempted to assess determinant factors related to unexplained ante partum stillbirth. No clear guidelines have been drawn up to screen those who are at risk for unexplained ante partum stillbirth. This thesis aims to identify possible determininant factors for unexplained ante partum stillbirth. A structured review of studies on unexplained ante partum stillbirths was conducted to identify the determinant factors. A review of stillbirth risk factor in Malaysia was carned out based on published papers. To obtain new information on this topic population study using 10 years of Scottish data has been conducted. The outcome of the structured review, Scottish study and Malaysian review showed that extreme maternal age and increasing gestational age significantly increase the risk of having unexplained ante partum stillbirths. Smoking and a previous history ofstillbirth were additional risk indicators that could be identified during the antenatal period. Nullipara and a parity of more than 3 also contribute to the risk ofunexplained ante partum stillbirth. Maternal obesity was shown in the structured review to be consistent in all studies in increasing the risk, but the risk of obesity could not be assessed for either the Malaysian or Scottish studies. Identification of these risk factors and the ability to monitor them closely may help reduce the number of stillbirths classified as unexplained.
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Lazar, Ann A. "Determining when time response curves differ in the presence of censorship /." Connect to abstract via ProQuest. Full text is not available online, 2008.
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França, Jairo Fernando Taufick. "Fatores determinantes da eficiência no processo de compras públicas." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8020.
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Previous issue date: 2017-09-01<br>The importance of Government Procurement comes from the constitutional imposition. This fact
forces the Public Administration to process the public bidding for the purchase of goods and
services to meet society demands. Thus, moving up a significant part of the economy, around 10%
to 15% of the GDP in Brazil. The procurement process is imperative to the achievement of Public
Administration objectives. It is important to emphasize that it will be possible to get the reduction
of the public expenditure and the stakeholders satisfaction, only achieving efficiency on this
process of purchasing and service contracting. In order to contribute to fill gaps in the scientific
literature, this study analyses the data of 3.310 public biddings in Goiás State during 2012 to 2016,
in the Electronic Procurement. The study aimed to identify the determinant factors of the efficiency
of the Electronic Procurement, considering the analysis of Celerity and Economy. After the
descriptive analysis, univariate analysis, such as the correlation of X2
and Pearson correlation, and
multivariate analysis, such as the Multiple Correspondence Analysis – MCA and Hierarchical
Cluster Analysis – HCA, the results showed that the determinant factors of the efficiency in
Electronic Procurement are the following: a) nature of the expenditure, consumption or permanent;
b) quantity of items in the process; c) biddings exclusively for micro enterprises – ME and small
business – EPP; d) the size of the winning company in the bidding process, ME and EPP or any
other; e) the administrative organization, direct and indirect public administration; f) municipal and
state/federal election year; g) amount of the intended expenditure. This study contributes to fill in
part of the theoretical gap on the multivariate analysis of the determinant factors in the performance
of public procurement processes.<br>A importância do tema Compras Governamentais decorre de imposição constitucional que obriga
a Administração Pública a processar licitação pública para aquisição de bens e contratação de
serviços no atendimento às demandas da sociedade, movimentando uma relevante fatia da
economia, da ordem de 10% a 15% do PIB do Brasil. O processo de compras é imperioso para a
consecução dos objetivos da Administração Pública, e somente com eficiência nesse
processamento das aquisições e contrações é que se alcançaria a redução do dispêndio público e a
satisfação dos stakeholders. O presente estudo, com a finalidade de contribuir para preencher
lacuna na literatura científica, analisa os dados de 3.310 licitações realizadas pelo Estado de Goiás
do ano de 2012 a 2016, na modalidade Pregão Eletrônico. Objetivou analisar os fatores
determinantes da eficiência do Pregão Eletrônico sob os atributos Celeridade e Economicidade.
Após análise descritiva, análise univariada como correlação de X2
e a correlação de Pearson, e
análise multivariada como Análise de Correspondência Múltipla – MCA e Análise Hierárquica de
Cluster – HCA, os resultados demonstram que são fatores determinantes da eficiência do Pregão
Eletrônico os seguintes: a) da natureza de despesa, consumo ou permanente; b) quantidade de itens
no processo; c) licitações exclusivas para microempresas – ME e empresas de pequeno porte –
EPP; d) o porte da empresa vencedora da licitação, ME e EPP ou demais; e) a organização
administrativa, Administração Direta ou Indireta; f) ano eleitoral municipal e estadual/federal; g)
vulto da despesa pretendida. Este estudo contribui com preenchimento de parte da lacuna teórica
sobre a análise multivariada dos fatores determinantes no desempenho dos processos de compras
públicas.
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Figueiredo, Iramaia Campos Ribeiro. "Determinantes do consumo de frutas, legumes e verduras em adultos residentes no município de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6133/tde-09112006-092958/.
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Introdução: A incidência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) vem aumentando em todo o mundo. Estudos comprovam que o consumo de frutas, legumes e verduras (FLV) reduzem a incidência de DCNT na população Objetivo: Avaliar os determinantes do consumo de FLV em adultos residentes no município de São Paulo Metodologia: É um estudo transversal, abrangendo 1267 mulheres e 855 homens, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. A análise de regressão linear foi baseada no modelo hierárquico de fatores associados ao consumo de FLV. As variáveis foram agrupadas em categorias hierárquicas, abrangendo dos fatores distais aos proximais. Essas categorias foram, nessa ordem, sócio-demográfica, comportamental e de consumo alimentar. Resultados: Para ambos os sexos, verificou-se que as seguintes variáveis estavam diretamente associadas ao consumo de FLV: idade e anos de estudo, na categoria sócio-demográfica; prática de atividade física no lazer e ter feito dieta no último ano, na categoria comportamental e consumo de peixe na categoria de consumo alimentar. A densidade domiciliar mostrou-se inversamente associada ao consumo de FLV em ambos os sexos. Somente para as mulheres ser ou já ter sido casada foi diretamente associado ao consumo de FLV e ser fumante mostrou-se inversamente associado. O consumo de alimentos que indicam um padrão de consumo não saudável como açúcares e carne vermelha com gordura mostrou-se inversamente associado ao consumo de FLV em ambos os sexos. Conclusão: O consumo de FLV e seus determinantes são diferentes para homens e mulheres, sendo a maior freqüência de consumo ocorre no sexo feminino.<br>The burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCD) increases in the whole world. Studies prove that consumption do fruits and vegetables (FV) reduce the incidence of NTCD in the population. The present study aims to evaluate by telephones interviews the determinants of Fruit and vegetable's intake in adults living in São Paulo City. This is a cross-sectional study, ranging over 1267 women and 855 men, aged 18 years old or more. Multiple linear regression analysis was based on a hierarchical model of factors associated with FV intake. The variables were grouped into a hierarchy of categories, ranging from distal determinants to proximate ones. These categories included, in this order, socio-demographic, behavioral and food consumption. For both gender, we found that the following variables were directly associated with FV intake: age and years of study, in the socio-demographic category, physical activity in leisure time and have been on a diet in the last year, in the behavioral category and fish consumption in the nutritional category. The domiciliary density was inversely associated with FLV consumption for both genders. Only for women marital status was directly associated with FV intake and tobacco use were inversely associated. The dietary intake of food that indicates an unhealthy diet, like sugar and read meat with fat were inversely associated with FV intake for both gender. Consumption of FV and their determinants are different for man and women and the major consumption occurs with women.
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Razzaqi, Hasan Ali. "Factors determining e-government security." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14640.
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E-Government security is a major area of concern that has the potential to affect the success of e-Government services across the world. Much of the literature has addressed this phenomenon by applying principles of computer science or engineering which tend to be objective. User concern of e-Government service security has not been addressed applying social science principles or management that tend to be subjective and have not been addressed in the literature. Objective research outcomes are unfortunately not suitable to address subjective factors. Further, user centric approach has not been adopted in most of the empirical studies that have dealt with e-Government security leading to lack of an understanding of how users perceive or feel or comprehend about e-Government services, particularly e-Government service security. Most of the research efforts addressing e-Government security have focused on either technological issues or engineering issues neglecting user perceptions and behavioural aspects. This disadvantage has led to possible reduction in the up-take of e-Government services. There was a need to have an in-depth understanding of user centric e-Government security and user centric factors that affect it as its antecedents addressing which it is possible to enhance user confidence in e-Government and hence its success. This research has addressed this partially. While addressing the concerns raised above, this research has defined and identified certain user centric factors that are required to examine the user centric nature of e-Government service security from the management and social sciences perspective. E-Government literature was critically reviewed to determine the user centric factors and their relationship to user centric e-Government security with the help of theories, models, concepts and frameworks that have not been applied so far. Contextual factors have been identified as important user centric ones that affect user centric e-Government security with e-Government technology chosen as the main contextual determinant of user centric e-Government security. User trust and user felt risk in using e-Government services were brought in as mediators of this relationship due to the prime importance these two user centric factors carry with regard to affecting the relationship between technology and user centric e-Government security. In addition demographic factors and culture (nationality) as a factor were applied to test their influence on the relationship between user trust and user centric e-Government security mediated by user felt risk to find whether they have any impact. Moderators (Human Computer Interaction (HCI), user privacy and web design quality) of this relationship were added to the investigation as literature showed that e-Government technology could not operate in isolation. Finally empirical outcomes of testing the above relationships were practically tested by examining the influence of perceived ease of use and usefulness on the relationship between user trust and user centric e-Government security mediated by user felt risk to find whether technology impacted users in reality. Theoretical framework was drawn from the literature review leading to a conceptual model that was used to answer the research question. 12 hypotheses were tested in all. The research was conducted in the Kingdom of Bahrain which ranks high in the implementation of e-Government (e.g. 14th ranked in the world in implementing e-participation in 2014 ranked by UN). The country offered a fertile ground for conducting research as the e-Government service provided were updated technologically constantly with the latest technological advancement cloud computing introduced in e-Government service provision. Most government services were offered now through e-Government services. The population was cosmopolitan and education levels of the users of e-Government were reasonably high providing a strong basis for conducting this research. Quantitative research method and survey questionnaire strategy were used. Users of e-Government services were the target population. Sampling procedure yielded 309 valid responses. Rigourous statistical analysis provided the findings. Except for 2 hypotheses the remaining were verified and established. Technology was found to determine user centric e-Government security with the mediation by trust being stronger than risk. HCI and web design quality moderated the relationship between technology and user centric e-Government security significantly. User education and experience were found to influence user trust and user centric e-Government security. User privacy and nationality were not found to be statistically significant. Perceived ease of use and usefulness of the technology were found to influence e-Government security mediated by trust and risk. This research was perhaps one of the first to have been conducted in a context where e-Government technology used cloud computing. The research contributed to the growing body of knowledge in the field of e-Government security that has viewed this phenomenon from the lens of social sciences and management. Theoretical contribution showed how the operationalization and relationship amongst the factors could be explained by expanding the application of theories including socio-technical, behavioural, managerial, technology adoption, organiational and HCI. Practical implications showed the usefulness of this research to users, service providers and policy makers involved with e-Government services. Methodologically this research has introduced a verification stage by which it has verified the theoretical results using practical outcomes.
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Zakharova, I. V. "Key factors determining innovation perfomance." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/21492.
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Donyo, Pema. "The Fear Factor: Determinants of Entrepreneurial Fear of Failure." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1670.
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This thesis aims to investigate determinants of fear of failure in entrepreneurial activity that could inhibit starting a business. The study uses cross-sectional, pooled OLS, and panel regressions. The dependent variable is fear of failure regarding entrepreneurship, measured with the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) survey question of whether fear of failure would prevent the responder from starting a firm. The unit of analysis is at country level. I categorize determinants into demographic, property rights, and procedural variables. A population of higher working age ratio (measured as the population aged 15-64 divided by the population aged 65 and over) correlates with a decreasing fear of failure. Additionally, stronger property rights appear to decrease fear of failure. I do not find a statistically significant relationship between fear of failure and procedural variables in my datasets. A binary variable for whether the country is in Asia appears to show a positive association with fear of failure, increasing it by ten percentage points. Since decreasing fear of failure is desirable to promote greater entrepreneurial activity, a better understanding of the determinants of fear of failure is essential to inform public policies to spur entrepreneurial growth. The findings from this study, while not conclusive, identify the importance of further research based on larger datasets and variables that are more robust.
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Silva, Inês Maria Paulo. "A utilização das práticas Lean na indústria alimentar em Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17067.
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Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia Industrial<br>A indústria alimentar tem um grande peso na economia europeia e na sua empregabilidade (63%). No entanto, mais de 90% destas indústrias são PME's e a sua competitividade está muito aquém do expectável. Está comprovado que as práticas Lean podem melhorar a competitividade e rentabilidade dos processos das empresas.
Neste estudo pretende-se avaliar a implementação das práticas Lean nas empresas da indústria alimentar em Portugal, particularmente as motivações, resultados e desafios decorrentes das práticas implementadas.
Com os resultados alcançados verificou-se que a prática Lean mais implementada pela indústria alimentar é o Kaizen, seguida pela TQM. Constatou-se que as motivações com mais peso para seguir estas práticas são a melhoria da qualidade e da produtividade e o aumento da eficiência. O facto de o estudo abordar a indústria alimentar e a maioria das empresas ser PME, há desafios específicos que enfrentam, sendo a resistência à mudança e conhecimento limitado as principais dificuldades que estas empresas encontram. Ainda assim, dentro das organizações existem diferentes níveis de recetividade às mudanças, sendo os gestores de topo os mais recetivos e os operadores os menos recetivos. Quanto ao sucesso dos resultados decorrentes da implementação de práticas Lean, constatou-se que o aumento de produtividade e a redução do tempo de ciclo de produção são os fatores em que mais empresas apresentam sucesso, contrariamente à melhoria na comunicação, que foi o resultado com menor taxa de sucesso.<br>The food industry has a great influence on the European economy and its employability (63%). However, more than 90% food industries are SME's and its competitiveness is far below expected. Lean practices are proven in how they can improve the competitiveness and profitability of business process.
In this study is intended to evaluate the implementation of Lean practices in food industries companies in Portugal, particularly the motivations, results and challenges arising from practices adopted.
According to the results obtain it was verified that the Lean practice most implemented by the food industry is Kaizen, followed by TQM. It was found that the most important motivations to follow these practices are the improvement of quality, improvement of productivity and increase efficiency. The fact that the study addresses the food industry and most businesses are SME's, there are specific challenges that they face, with resistance to change and limited knowledge being the main difficulties these companies found. Yet within organization there are different levels of responsiveness to change, with top managers being the most receptive and operator the least receptive. Regarding the success of the results of the implementation of Lean practices, it was verified that the increase of productivity and the reduction of the production cycle time are the factors in which more companies are successful, contrary to the improvement in the communication which was the result with lower success rate.<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Hobba, Graham D. "Studies to identify and characterise IGF-binding determinants of IGFBP-2 /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh6814.pdf.
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Mohamed, Wan Norsiah. "The determinants of infant mortality in Peninsular Malaysia." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295497.
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Varghese, Jajini Susan. "Genetic and life-style determinants of mammographic density." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610197.
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King, Robert A. "Determinants of auditory display usage." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29422.
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Wang, Rui, and Hongfei Gu. "Determinant Factors influencing the use ofBalanced Scorecard in China." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-297606.
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Rocha, Ricardo da Costa. "Epidemiologia da dengue na cidade de Rio Branco - Acre, Brasil, no período de 2000 a 2007." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-28092011-135716/.
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Objetivo Caracterizar a ocorrência de dengue na cidade de Rio Brando, estado do Acre, no período de 2000 a 2007, no tempo, no espaço e segundo infestação pelo Aedes aegypti e vari- áveis demográficas, socioeconômicas, ambientais e climáticas. Métodos Foi realizada uma descrição da incidência de dengue (CI) e da infestação predial pelo Aedes aegypti (IIP) no período de 2000 a 2007 a partir de dados secundários. Descreveu-se a incidência da dengue em relação ao sexo, faixa etária e escolaridade. O Coeficiente de Incidência e o Índice de In- festação Predial foram testados para aferição de correlações com variáveis climáticas, demo- gráficas, ambientais e socioeconômicas. Foi aplicada a técnica de geoprocessamento com o uso da estatística espacial de Moran Global e Local (LISA) para avaliar a autocorrelação es- pacial dos coeficientes de incidência de dengue entre as localidades urbanas da cidade. Resul- tados - A epidemiologia da dengue na cidade é caracterizada por elevada incidência e intensa infestação predial pelo Aedes aegypti. Não existe diferença na incidência de dengue entre ho- mens e mulheres e a faixa etária mais acometida compreende jovens e adultos de 15 a 49 anos e escolares que não concluíram o ensino médio. A distribuição da doença mostra um padrão sazonal com elevação da incidência nos períodos chuvosos e regressão nos períodos secos. O aumento de casos de dengue e da infestação predial mostrou associação significante (p<0,05) com bairros populosos, onde existe muitos imóveis e alta infestação predial. O aumento das ocorrências se mostrou significante com áreas com baixo índice de abastecimento de água pela rede pública. O Índice de Qualidade de Vida (IQV) não apresentou correlação significa- tiva com a ocorrência de dengue, entretanto, a infestação predial foi mais elevada nos bairros com melhor IQV. A estatística de Moran Global e Local (LISA) mostrou fraca dependência espacial (p<0,05) da incidência de dengue entre bairros da cidade. Conclusão - A análise epi- demiológica da dengue na cidade permitiu visualizar fatores que estão relacionados à trans- missão de dengue e na proliferação do Aedes aegypti que podem ser avaliados na formulação de estratégias mais eficazes para alcançar o melhor controle da doença. O uso da análise espa- cial evidenciou que a distribuição da incidência de dengue entre os bairros da cidade ocorre de maneira aleatória<br>Objective - Characterize the ocurring of dengue in the city of Rio Branco, Acre, during the period 2000 to 2007, in time and space, and according to the infestation of Aedes Aegypti and the demographic, social-economical, environmental and climatical variables. Methods - a description of dengue incidence (CI) and the house infestation by Aedes aegypti (HI) was made in the period of 2000 to 2007 from secondary data. The distribution of cases was described according to gender, age and education. The Incidence Coefficient of incidence and the House Index Infestation were tested to measure their correlations with demographic, environmental and socioeconomic climatic variables. The geoprocessing technique was applied with the use of Global and Local Moran (LISA) spatial statistics to evaluate spatial autocorrelation of incidence of dengue among the urban localities in the city. Results - The epidemiology of dengue in the city is characterized by high incidence and severe infestation of Aedes aegypti. Theres no difference between the incidence of dengue on men and women and the most affected age group comprises young adults from the age of 15 to 49 years old and students who have not completed high school. The distribution of the disease shows a seasonal pattern with increased incidence in rainy periods and regression in dry periods. The increase of dengue cases and the building infestation showed significant association (p <0.05) with the populated districts, where there are many buildings and high building infestation. The increase in occurrence was found significant in areas with low public water supply. The Quality of Life Index (QLI) showed no significant correlation with the occurrence of dengue, however, the infestation rate was higher in districts with better QLI. Global and Local Moran (LISA) statistics showed weak spatial dependence (p <0.05) of the incidence of dengue among neighborhoods. Conclusion - The epidemiological analysis of dengue in the city allowed the visualization of the factors that are related to the transmission of dengue and the proliferation of Aedes aegypti that can be assessed in the formulation of more effective strategies to achieve better control of the disease. The use of the spatial analysis revealed the randomness of dengue incidence distribution among the neighborhoods of the city
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Sanchez, Pimentel Janett Isabel, Pacahuala Emilio Augusto Rosario, and Gamero Aldo Rafael Medina. "Extrinsic motivation: Determining factor in the medicine career?" Elsevier Espana S.L.U, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655632.
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Giacomin, Juciléia. "Variáveis determinantes do nível de divulgação de informações voluntárias ambientais." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2016. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/5352.
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Previous issue date: 2016-03-02<br>Nenhuma<br>Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as variáveis determinantes da divulgação voluntária de informações de caráter ambiental, de uma amostra de quarenta e sete companhias abertas listadas na BM&FBovespa e classificadas como de alto impacto ambiental, evidenciadas nos Relatórios de Sustentabilidade e Relatório da Administração, correspondentes ao exercício social de 2013. A pesquisa é aplicada quanto à sua natureza; quantitativa quanto à abordagem do problema; descritiva e explicativa quanto ao seu objetivo e documental quanto ao procedimento técnico utilizado. Na primeira parte da análise apresenta-se uma análise descritiva dos dados evidenciados pelas companhias, e na segunda parte, considerando os resultados de estudos precedentes e contribuições de especialistas, foram testadas onze variáveis consideradas como possíveis fatores determinantes desta divulgação, mediante a utilização de análise de regressão linear múltipla. O nível de divulgação voluntária ambiental foi mensurado por meio de uma métrica contendo oito categorias e trinta e oito subcategorias, sugerida em estudo realizado por Rover (2009). Os principais resultados obtidos no estudo indicam que a maioria das evidenciações foi de tipo declarativa e as categorias mais evidenciadas pelas companhias se referiam aos impactos dos produtos e processos e às políticas ambientais. Tamanho da companhia, certificação ambiental e controle acionário foram confirmados como variáveis determinantes do nível de divulgação voluntária ambiental das companhias da amostra.<br>This study aimed to analyse the determinants of voluntary disclosure of environmental character information, a sample of forty-seven public companies listed on the BM & FBovespa and classified as high environmental impact, evidenced in Sustainability Reports and Management Report corresponding to fiscal year 2013. The research is applied as to its nature; quantitatively and the approach to the problem; descriptive and explanatory as to their purpose and documentary about the technical procedure used. In the first part of the analysis it is presented a descriptive analysis of data disclosed by companies, and in the second part, considering the results of previous studies and contributions from experts, eleven variables were tested and considered as possible determinants of this disclosure, through the use of multiple linear regression analysis. The level of environmental voluntary disclosure was measured by a metric containing eight categories and thirty-eight subcategories, suggested in a study conducted by Rover (2009). The main results of the study indicate that most disclosures were of the declarative type and categories more evidenced by the companies referred to the impact of products and processes and environmental policies. Size of the company, environmental certification and controlling interest were confirmed as determinants of the environmental voluntary disclosure level of the sample companies.
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Silva, António Fernando Melo Pinho. "Determinantes de saúde oral no concelho de Baião." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/2280.
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Trabalho apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina Dentária.<br>O objectivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência e gravidade de cárie dentária em crianças e adolescentes do Concelho de Baião, por idade, assim como avaliar a sua relação com variáveis socio-demográficas e de higiene pessoal. Utilizou-se uma base de dados resultante da consulta geral efectuada nos anos de 2007, 2008 e 2009 no Centro de Saúde de Baião (CSB) a 2216 indivíduos com 6, 10, 13, 15 e 18 anos de idade. A avaliação dentária foi relacionada com determinantes seleccionadas: género, frequência de jardim-de-infância, instrução parental, a higiene pessoal (frequência com que toma banho e de higienização dos dentes) e o índice de massa corporal.
O índice CPO apresenta prevalências superiores a zero que variam de 50,7% aos 6 anos até 72,4% aos 18 anos. A cárie dentária apresenta a prevalência mais elevada aos 10 anos, 59,2%, seguida de 47,8% aos 6 anos, e aos 13, 15 e 18 anos não é significativamente diferente, sendo 30,5%, 29,2% e 30,1%, respectivamente. Constata-se que os valores mais elevados da doença cárie ocorrem aos 6 anos (média 1,8 dentes); valores tendencialmente mais elevados nos rapazes em todas as idades; valores mais elevados nas crianças de 6 anos que não frequentaram o jardim-de-infância (1,6 vs 2,5); valores mais elevados em indivíduos cujos pais possuem no máximo o 9º ano de escolaridade; e valores mais elevados nos indivíduos com pior higiene pessoal e dentária.The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of dental carie disease in children and teenagers of the Municipality of Baião, by age, and to evaluate its relationship with sociodemographic and personal hygiene variables. A database resulting from the general consult made on the years of 2007, 2008 and 2009 on the Centro de Saúde de Baião (CSB) was used with a total of 2216 individuals with 6, 10, 13, 15 and 18 years old. The dental
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evaluation was related with selected determinants such as: gender, attendance to kindergarten, parents’ instruction, personal hygiene (shower and brushing the teeth) and Body Mass Index (BMI).
The prevalence of the DMF index higher than zero varies from 50.7% at 6 years old up to 72.4% at 18 years old. The higher value of prevalence of dental carie disease was found at 10 years old (59.2%), followed by 47.8% at 6 years old, followed by similar values at 13, 15 and 18 years old (30.5%, 29.2% and 30.1%, respectively).
It was possible to conclude that there were higher values of dental carie disease at 6 years old (1.8 of mean); slightly higher values on boys for every ages; higher values in children of 6 years old that didn’t attend to kindergarten (1.6 vs 2.5); higher values in individuals whose parents have at most the 9thº year of school; and higher values on individuals with worse personal and oral hygiene.
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Sellman, Stefan. "Ecologically viable population sizes: Determining factors." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-56819.
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<p>The minimum ecologically viable population size (MEVP) of a species describes the minimum size at which the species itself or another species in the same ecosystem goes extinct as a result of the loss of inter-specific interactions. The MEVP shows a good potential for use as a tool for exploring the mechanisms behind species extinctions, but presently only a small amount of research has been done that takes advantage of this. In this study the MEVP is used to investigate what properties of species can be used as good indicators of ecological importance. 100 large computer generated food webs were created with an assembly model and the reduction in density that was necessary to induce an extinction event in the web was subsequently determined for each species within the webs. This change in density was then correlated with 28 different properties, measured for each species. The results show that properties that measure how well connected a species is, as well as measures of the species role as a prey item in the web are the ones with the greatest potential to find species with high MEVP. Further, the results put emphasis on the importance of regarding the web as a whole when working with species extinctions, while also highlighting the usefulness of the MEVP concept.</p>
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Dailey, Ryan T. "LEADING FACTORS DETERMINING LATERAL TRANSFER SUCCESS." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/32808.
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This study examines the characteristics of officers applying to and being selected by lateral transfer boards using biannual redesignation data from November 2010 through November 2012. The lateral transfer board reviews approximately 500 applicants each year. The majority of the Restricted Line designators rely on lateral transfer boards as their primary means of accessing new officers, where the average applicant is an O-3, male, and is a surface warfare officer (1110). Although the applicants are moderately different at each board, the aggregate selection rate is 40 percent. A probit analysis suggests that officers who are most likely to be successful at redesignating are Hispanic and O-4, as well as Limited Duty Officers. The regression results indicate that there is no gender difference in selection but senior pay grades are selected at a higher rate, where Information Professional and Foreign Area Officer communities currently have the greatest demand for officers at the lateral transfer boards. Additionally, Surface Warfare provides the greatest supply of applicants on average, but holding all else equal, an officer is less likely to be selected if he or she applies as a surface warfare officer.
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Ghaebi, Amir. "Measurement of factors determining relevance judgements." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2003. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34980.
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This study has focused on cognitive aspects of the human processes involved in relevance judgements. Several criteria and a great number of measures have been proposed and used for relevance assessment. However, there is a lack of agreement as to which are the best measures and to what extent they are affected by variability of relevance judgements. The purpose of this research was to identify those cognitive factors, which primarily contribute to relevance judgement. In tills study, sixteen criteria that influence cognitive relevance were identified and used. The study addressed three questions: (1) What cognitive factors affect relevance judgement? (2) What is the importance of each factor on relevance judgement? (3) Do the factors remain stable over time? Both qualitative and quantitative techniques were used for data collection and analysis. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) as a multivariate technique was used to develop a statistical model of cognitive relevance. It seems, it is the first time that this technique has been applied to measure cognitive factors of relevance. Saracevic's (1996) stratified model, as a cognitive IR model was adopted to provide a necessary framework to incorporate relevance cognitive theory and a user approach in measuring relevancy.
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Bayrer, James Robert. "The Doublesex transcription factor: Structural and functional studies of a sex-determining factor." Connect to text online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=case1124911161.
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Hayston, Glynn Ernest. "Towards a better understanding of factors influencing social, environmental and economic disclosures." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29763.
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Corporate social and environmental disclosure, later redefined as sustainability disclosure in order to include the third pillar of sustainability (economic), has been the subject or significant research over the past four decades. A major branch of empirical research has specifically focussed on the determinants of disclosure; those factors which correspond with greater breadth and depth of disclosure. Research has traditionally been focussed on the developed world, specifically North America and Western Europe and either addressed social or environmental disclosure in isolation or various hybrids of the two.This research has two aims. Firstly it is an attempt to provide a view of disclosure in Africa, and specifically South Africa, where only minor empirical research has been undertaken. Secondly and crucially, this research attempts to address shortcomings in the existing body of research in that factors have traditionally been analysed for significance with regards to individual sustainability pillars alone, or at the aggregate level. A content analysis technique was employed to score sustainability reports for social, environmental and economic disclosures. An analytical model was then developed and a number of internal and external factors analysed to establish which were significant determinants of the level or extend of disclosure at both the individual pillar level and then compared to the aggregate or overall disclosure.<br>Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.<br>Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)<br>unrestricted
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Mohammed, Zakaria Nehari Talet. "An Analysis of the Determinants of Internal Control Disclosure by Multinational Corporations." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31811.
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Purpose: The objective of this study is to analyze the content of disclosure on internal control in multinational corporations’ annual reports and to investigate the determinants of disclosure. The study questions whether there are differences in the content, volume and quality of disclosure between multinational corporations and what factors could explain these differences?
Methodology: This research is based on 178 multinational corporations selected from the 2012 ranking of Global 500 published by Fortune Magazine. Content analysis was used to analyze the volume and quality of internal control information disclosed in the multinational corporations’ annual reports. The study accommodates for three disclosure measures which are: Disclosure Index (DI), Disclosure Volume (DV) and Disclosure Quality (DQ)
Findings: Based on univariate and multivariate analysis, results seem to indicate that national factors are more significant in explaining the differences in disclosure than governance and operational factors. The study also proved that there is at least one significant variable under each category of factors (National, Governance and Operational)
Implications: These findings could be relevant to a number of stakeholders concerned with multinational corporations’ activities and performances. Stakeholders influenced by the study are top managers of Multinational Corporation, regulatory setters and investors. The research has implications on the accounting literature by shedding light on disclosure on internal control and the internal control factors grouping.
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Shikov, Sergei. "Structural Determinants for Heparin Binding in Human Coagulation Factor XI." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2008. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/13460.
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Biochemistry<br>Ph.D.<br>Coagulation factor XI plays an important role in the consolidation phase of blood coagulation. Previous studies from our laboratory and others have demonstrated that zymogen factor XI (FXI) binds to heparin with moderate (KD~110 nM) affinity via residues (K252, K253 and K255) located in the apple 3 (A3) domain of the molecule. In contrast, the enzyme, factor XIa (FXIa), was shown to bind to heparin with significantly higher affinity (~1.5 nM by ELISA) via residues (K529, R530 and R532) within the catalytic domain (CD). The interaction between heparin and FXIa potentiates the inhibition of FXIa by protease nexin-2 by 10-fold. In addition, related polyanions heparin and dextran sulfate inhibit the catalytic activity of FXIa. The present study was designed to determine the relative contributions of positively charged residues as well as the dimeric structure of FXI in heparin binding. During this project, wtFXI, FXIR504A, FXIK505A, FXIR507A, FXIR529A, FXIR530A, FXIR532A, and FXIR586A have been expressed and purified. All mutants were homogenous and identical to wtFXI on SDS-PAGE, clotting assays and 1G5 monoclonal antibody binding studied by SPR. In addition, monomeric FXI C321S/K331A was expressed and purified. Utilizing an ELISA assay, no difference in the affinity for heparin between FXIa and FXI was found. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) data collected for FXI clearly indicate a complex interaction which does not conform to a simple 1:1 Langmuir binding model making it difficult to obtain quantitative information. The complexity of FXI interactions with heparin is likely to arise from the multivalent nature of the binding, in which both protein and heparin have multiple binding sites. Two positively charged residues in the FXI catalytic domain, FXIR507A and FXIR532A, were found to be particularly important for interaction with heparin. The FXIR507A and FXIR532A mutants demonstrated ~ 65% and ~50% decreases respectively in total number of heparin binding sites based on ELISA. Also, the apparent dissociation constants for FXIR507A (KDapp ~13 nM) and FXIR532A (KDapp ~21 nM ) were 6 and 10-fold increased respectively compared with 2.1 nM for the wtFXI. Mutant FXIR586A also demonstrated a defect in affinity (KDapp ~ 13 nM) without an effect on the Bmax. The monomeric FXIC321S/R331A was also characterized for its ability to bind heparin compared with wtFXI. Surprisingly, the monomeric FXI displayed defective binding to heparin according to ELISA (KDapp ~ 30 nM) and SPR methods. Thus, the unique homodimeric structure of FXI in addition to the residues both in its catalytic and A3 domain chains are necessary for high-affinity heparin binding.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Bonet, Augé Aïda. "Factors determinants de la qualitat de vida relacionada amb la salut de les persones grans que viuen al domicili." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/371147.
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Objectiu: Identificar els factors determinants de la qualitat de vida relacionada amb la salut de les persones grans que viuen al domicili.
Mètodes: Estudi descriptiu i transversal. La mostra total va ser de 640 persones de 75 anys o més que vivien al seu domicili. La variable dependent va ser la qualitat de vida relacionada amb la salut mesurada amb l’escala SF-36. I, les variables independents van ser: els determinants de salut (característiques sociodemogràfiques, hàbits saludables i estils de vida i hàbits socials) i l’estat de salut. Les dades van ser obtingudes a partir de l’enquesta FRALLE. Es va procedir a un anàlisi descriptiu i analític (bivariat) i posteriorment es va realitzar un anàlisi de regressió logística múltiple.
Resultats: La mitjana d’edat va ser de 81,5 anys i el 60,3% dels subjectes eren dones. Els participants en l’estudi gaudien d’una bona qualitat de vida, la mitjana de les 8 dimensions era de 71,5 punts sobre 100. Els resultats tenint en compte els components sumari físic, mental i els resultats globals se situaven en: 72, 75 i 71,5 respectivament. Tenint en compte l’anàlisi amb regressió logística les variables més influents en la qualitat de vida global foren: sexe, zona de la ciutat, son, caminar, exercici físic, hàbit de lectura, visita a l’especialista i al CAP, la discapacitat, els símptomes depressius i la desnutrició.
Conclusions: Els determinants de salut que afecten negativament als resultats de la qualitat de vida són: Ser dona, disposar de pocs recursos econòmics, el mal descans nocturn, caminar poc, no practicar exercici físic, la menor utilització del sistema sanitari, viure en una zona de la ciutat menys afavorida i el poc hàbit lector. Pel que fa a l’estat de salut general els factors que més negativament influencien la qualitat de vida són: La discapacitat, els símptomes depressius i el risc de desnutrició.<br>Objetivo: Identificar los factores determinantes de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de las personas mayores que viven en el domicilio.
Métodos: Estudio descriptivo y transversal. La muestra total fue de 640 personas de 75 años o más que vivían en su domicilio. La variable dependiente fue la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud medida con la escala SF-36, y las variables independientes fueron: los determinantes de salud (características sociodemográficas, hábitos saludables y estilos de vida y hábitos sociales) y el estado de salud. Los datos fueron obtenidos a partir de la encuesta FRALLE. Se procedió a un análisis descriptivo y analítico (bivariado) y posteriormente se realizó un análisis de regresión logística múltiple.
Resultados: La media de edad fue de 81,5 años y el 60,3% de los sujetos fueron mujeres. Los participantes en el estudio disfrutaban de una buena calidad de vida, la media de las 8 dimensiones era de 71,5 puntos sobre 100. Los resultados teniendo en cuenta los componentes sumario físico, mental y los resultados globales se situaban en : 72, 75 y 71,5 respectivamente. Teniendo en cuenta el análisis con regresión logística las variables más influyentes en la calidad de vida global fueron: sexo, zona de la ciudad, problemas de sueño, caminar, ejercicio físico, hábito de lectura, visita al especialista y al CAP, la discapacidad, los síntomas depresivos y el riesgo de desnutrición.
Conclusiones: Los determinantes de salut que afectan negativamente a los resultados de la calidad de vida son: Ser mujer, disponer de pocos recursos económicos, el mal descanso nocturno, caminar poco, no practicar ejercicio físico, la menor utilización del sistema sanitario, vivir en una zona de la ciudad más desfavorecida y el poco hábito lector. Referente al estado de salud general los factores que más negativamente influyen en la calidad de vida son: La discapacidad, los síntomas depresivos y el riesgo de desnutrición.<br>Objective: Identify the determinants of quality of life related to the health of elderly people living at home.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study. The total sample was 640 people 75 years or older living at home. The dependent variable was the quality of life related to health as measured by the SF-36 scale, and the independent variables were: the determinants of health (demographic characteristics, habits and healthy lifestyles and social habits) and state of health. Data were obtained from the survey FRALLE. We proceeded to a descriptive and analytical analysis (bivariate) and later performed a multiple logistic regression analysis
Results: The overage age was 81,5 years and 60,3% of subjects were women. Participants enjoyed a good quality of life. The average of the 8 dimensions of SF-36 was 71.5 points out of 100 in global quality of life. The results considering the physical component summary, mental and overall results in quality of life were placed in : 72, 75 and 71.5 respectively. Using the logistic regression analysis the results showed that: gender, city, sleep problems, walking, exercising, reading habits, visits to the specialist, visit a common doctor, disability, depressive symptoms and the risk of malnutrition were the factors that influence more in the quality of life global results.
Conclusions: The determinants of health that negatively influence the results of quality of life include: Being female, having low incomes, poor sleep, walk little, do not practice exercise, the less use of the health system, live in a disadvantaged area city and the poor reading habit. As for the general health factors that negatively affect the quality of life are: disability, depressive symptoms and the risk of malnutrition.
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Cerda-Moya, Gustavo Andrés. "Determining the transcription factor code that specifies CiA interneurons." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610078.
Full text
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Hughes, Rhiannon. "Determinants of seed size and yield in Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.519024.
Full textAbstract:
It is becoming increasingly important to improve the yield of seed crops to feed an expanding population and, more recently, to cope with additional strains on food-oriented agriculture posed by biofuel production and global climate change. One strategy to increase yield is to increase seed size. However in nature, due to the limited resources of the mother plant, an enlarged seed size is often associated with a concomitant reduction in seed number. Using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a biotechnological approach to increase seed size through the modification of the triploid endosperm or the ovule integuments was shown to be a viable strategy to improve seed yield. Targeted over-expression of the ANT transcription factor specifically within the endosperm significantly increased seed size without negative effects on fertility. Overcoming compromised fertility in arf2 mutants established that ARF2 and the integuments are important factors in determining seed size and yield. To ensure agronomic relevance, both the gross yield and the harvest index (HI, ratio of seed yield to biological yield) were used to assess the impact of traits, such as increased integument size, introduced into Arabidopsis. To uncover novel regulators of seed size and further develop the current understanding of seed development, second-site mutations were induced in the auxin response factor 2 (arf2) mutant, which produces large seeds due to extra cell division in the ovule integuments. The ARABIDOPSIS CRINKLY 4 (ACR4) gene was identified as a suppressor of the arf2 seed phenotype. In arf2-8 acr4 double mutants, an additive effect on cell proliferation was observed, indicating that ACR4 affects the seed coat through a developmental pathway independent of ARF2. Natural variation present in Arabidopsis was used to study seed yield and its components. Considerable variation in seed size, yield and HI was revealed. Significantly, high seed weight was not associated with high yield or high HI. In contrast, high seed number and reduced plant stature were revealed as important components of high yield and yield efficiency. Additionally, ERECTA was identified as a potential ‘Green Revolution’ gene. Seed size in Arabidopsis was shown to be an extremely plastic trait in response to alterations in the post-flowering source-sink ratio, increasing by 35.0 – 66.2% in the ecotypes tested. Furthermore, a difference in seed weight between restricted (high source-sink ratio) and unrestricted (low source-sink ratio) pollinations was first observed remarkably early in seed development. However, reducing seed number by restricting pollination did not substantially alter integument or endosperm development in order to facilitate increased nutrient uptake.
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Aymamí, i. Sanromà M. Neus. "Factors associats i de resposta al tractament en el trastorn de joc: determinants en població clínica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/384224.
Full textAbstract:
Tenint en compte les greus conseqüències del trastorn de joc (TJ) i la seva afectació en població general (1-2%), aquest treball pretén analitzar alguns dels factors associats al TJ i a la resposta al tractament, mitjançant la presentació d’un compendi de sis articles originals d’investigació empírica, que s’han fet a la Unitat de Joc Patològic (UJP) del Servei de Psiquiatria de l’Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge (HUB).
Es fa una revisió de la literatura que ha explorat factors associats al TJ (com la heterogeneïtat del trastorn, factors sociodemogràfics, biològics, psicològics o situacionals) i l’eficàcia dels tractaments.
Els objectius dels sis estudis, permeten obtenir evidència empírica sobre la heterogeneïtat del TJ, determinats factors implicats en el seu curs i resultats del tractament, i sobre mecanismes subjacents de mediació. Les mostres utilitzades oscil·len entre 108 i 1470 subjectes (segons l’estudi) que varen acudir a la UJP de l’HUB, entre els anys 2010 i 2015.
Resum de resultats i conclusions:
Estudi 1: Es varen identificar 4 subgrups de jugadors patològics en funció de variables sociodemogràfiques, clíniques i de personalitat: I (“desorganitzat i emocionalment inestable”), II (“esquizoide”), III (“sensible a la recompensa”) i IV (“altament funcional”), segons la gravetat del trastorn i els símptomes associats.
Estudi 2: L’edat d’inici precoç s’associa a més gravetat del TJ. També constitueix una variable rellevant per a comprendre millor l’heterogeneïtat del TJ. La cerca de sensacions podria esdevenir un potent factor de risc per l’inici precoç del TJ.
Estudi 3: Es troba una prevalença de TDAH del 23.2% en pacients amb TJ. Els nivells més elevats de TDAH es varen trobar en pacients de TJ més joves, i es va associar a més gravetat del TJ i a més psicopatologia general, així com a trets disfuncionals de personalitat. La simptomatologia del TDAH sembla tenir un paper mediador entre un patró de personalitat amb altes puntuacions en cerca de sensacions i la gravetat del TJ.
Estudi 4: Determinades dimensions de la ira estan associades als nivells de psicopatologia general, a la intensitat del TJ i als diferents trets de personalitat dels jugadors patològics, depenent del subtipus diagnòstic.
Estudi 5: L’activitat d’inversió en mercats financers, pot esdevenir un problema addictiu en determinats casos i no genera un perfil clínic diferent al d’altres tipus de joc. S’associa a nivell alt d’estudis i a puntuacions elevades en cooperativitat. En relació a les preferències de joc, es podria hipotetitzar que la diferència entre els diversos perfils clínics d’addicció al joc rau més en les motivacions dels pacients i en la forma en la qual s’adapten al context social.
Estudi 6: El tractament cognitivoconductual (TCC) grupal és efectiu pel TJ. Els pacients varen mostrar un canvi significatiu (puntuacions més baixes en psicopatologia general i en la gravetat del TJ).
Aquests resultats corroboren l’heterogeneïtat del TJ, aspecte rellevant per tal de dissenyar i aplicar propostes terapèutiques més eficients. Els programes de TCC han demostrat ser eficaços, tot i que s’haurien de poder dissenyar i aplicar tenint en compte les diferències individuals. És essencial seguir investigant sobre els factors associats al TJ per tal de poder implementar programes de detecció precoç i preventius per a poblacions vulnerables, com la dels joves, incidint en el maneig d’estratègies d’autocontrol, resposta a la recompensa, millora dels processos de presa de decisions o maneig de la ira, per minimitzar la simptomatologia associada i la pròpia intensitat del TJ. Així també, resulta fonamental continuar l’estudi sobre altres preferències de joc i els seus correlats clínics.<br>Given the serious consequences of gambling disorder (GD) and its prevalence in the general population (1-2%), the aim of this work is to analyze the factors associated with GD and response to treatment, by presenting a compendium of six original empirical research articles that have been carried out by the Pathological Gambling Unit (PGU) of the Department of Psychiatry at the University Hospital of Bellvitge (HUB).
The literature has explored factors associated with GD (such as the heterogeneousness of GD, sociodemographic, biological, psychological or situational factors), and its treatment, the most effective of which has proven to be cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
The objectives of the six studies were to collect empirical evidence on the heterogeneity of GD, the risk factors involved in its course and treatment outcomes, and the underlying mediating mechanisms. The samples used ranges between 108 and 1470 subjects (depending on the study) and were resulted from the PGU at HUB, between 2010 and 2015.
Summary of results and conclusions:
Study 1: Four subgroups of pathological gamblers were identified based on sociodemographic, clinical and personality variables: I ("disorganized and emotionally unstable"), II ("schizoid"), III ("reward sensitive") and IV ("high-functioning"), depending on the severity of the disorder and its associated symptoms.
Study 2: An early age of onset is associated with greater severity of GD. It is also an important variable to better understand the heterogeneity of GD. Novelty seeking could be a potential risk factor for early onset of GD.
Study 3: There is a 23.2% prevalence of ADHD in patients with GD. The highest levels of ADHD were found in younger GD patients, and it was associated with higher GD severity, higher psychopathology, and dysfunctional personality traits. The symptoms of ADHD appear to play a mediating role between a pattern of personality traits characterized by high novelty seeking scores and GD severity.
Study 4: Certain dimensions of anger are associated with levels of general psychopathology, GD severity, and different personality traits of pathological gamblers, depending on the subtype diagnosis.
Study 5: The activity of investing in financial markets can become addictive in certain cases and represents a clinical profile different from other types of gambling. It is associated with high levels of education and high scores in cooperativeness. In relation to gambling preferences, it could be hypothesized that the difference between diverse clinical profiles of gambling lies more with the patients’ motivations and the way they adapt to the social context.
Study 6: Group CBT is effective for treating GD. Patients tend to show a significant change (lower scores in general psychopathology and severity of GD).
These results corroborate the heterogeneity of GD, which is relevant to designing and implementing more efficient therapeutic proposals. CBT programs have proven to be effective, but should be take individual differences into account. It is essential to continue to investigate the factors associated with GD in order to implement early detection and prevention programs for vulnerable populations, such as young people, focusing on self-management strategies, response to reward, improving decision-making processes, or anger management to minimize neurological signs and the impact of GD. Furthermore, it is essential to continue the study of other gamb
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McCarthy, Kevin Raymond. "Viral and Host Determinants of Primate Lentivirus Restriction by Old World Primate TRIM5alpha Proteins." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13065027.
Full textAbstract:
The host restriction factor TRIM5α mediates a post-entry, pre-integration block to retroviral infection that depends upon recognition of the viral capsid by the TRIM5α PRYSPRY domain. The two predominant alleles of rhesus macaque TRIM5α (rhTRIM5αQ and rhTRIM5αTFP) restrict HIV 1, but cannot restrict the macaque-adapted virus SIVmac239. To investigate how TRIM5α recognizes retroviral capsids, we exploited the differential sensitivities of these two viruses to identify gain-of-sensitivity mutations in SIVmac239, and we solved the structure of the SIVmac239 capsid N-terminal domain. When mapped onto this structure, single amino acid substitutions affecting both alleles were in the β-hairpin. In contrast, mutations specifically affecting rhTRIM5αTFP surround a highly conserved patch of amino acids that is unique to capsids of primate lentiviruses. This "patch" sits at the junction between the binding sites of multiple cellular cofactors (cyclophilin A, Nup-358 cyclophilin A-like domain, Nup-153 and CPSF6). Differential restriction of these alleles is due to a Q/TFP polymorphism in the first variable loop (V1) within the PRYSPRY domain. Q reflects the ancestral state (present in the last common ancestor of Old World primates) and has remained unmodified in all but one lineage of African monkeys, the Cercopithecinae. While Q-alleles can be found among some Cercopithecinae primates, in others Q has been replaced by a G or overwritten by a two amino acid insertion (giving rise to TFP in macaques). In one lineage, the Q to G substitution was later followed by an adjacent 20 amino acid duplication. We found that these modifications in TRIM5α specifically impart the ability to restrict Cercopithecinae SIVs without altering β-hairpin recognition. At least twice Cercopithecinae TRIM5αs independently evolved to target the same conserved patch of amino acids in capsid. Based on these findings, we propose that the β-hairpin is a retrovirus associated molecular pattern widely exploited by TRIM5α proteins, while recognition of the cofactor binding region was driven by the emergence of the ancestors of modern Cercopithecinae SIVs. Distribution on the Cercopithecinae phylogenetic tree indicates that selection for these changes in TRIM5α V1 began 11-16 million years ago, suggesting that primate lentiviruses are at least as ancient.