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Muhammad, Umair Asharf, and Iqbal Mustafa Muhammad. "Factors effecting growth, properties and quality of beef meat." Pacific International Journal 1, no. 1 (2018): 13–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6065102.
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Nowadays consumers are highly interested in the quality of the products they eat, especially when this refers to meat. Consumption of meat from ruminant animals and its derivatives is on the increase, particularly in Pakistan. Current analysis is a review of the different factors that affect meat quality in ruminants. Some factors throughout the entire meat chain are analyzed, or rather, from those producers underscore to improve the quality of their products to those related with consumers ́ habits and beliefs. Most of the papers reviewed have been developed by researchers involved in the meat quality in collaboration with Pakistani or international groups
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Umair, Ashraf, and Iqbal Mustafa Muhammad. "Factors effecting growth, properties and quality of beef meat." Pacific International Journal 1, no. 1 (2018): 01–09. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4426323.
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Nowadays consumers are highly interested in the quality of the products they eat, especially when this refers to meat. Consumption of meat from ruminant animals and its derivatives is on the increase, particularly in Pakistan. Current analysis is a review of the different factors that affect meat quality in ruminants. Some factors throughout the entire meat chain are analyzed, or rather, from those that producers underscore to improve the quality of their products to those related with consumers ́ habits and beliefs. Most of the papers reviewed have been developed byresearchers involved in the meat quality in collaboration with Pakistani or international groups.
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Arkady, Natyrov Oksana Konieva Sergey Shlykov Ruslan Omarov Dmitry Fedotov. "EFFECTIVE BEEF PRODUCTION METHODS." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES o6, no. 08 (2019): 14675–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3368089.
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<em>The goal of this three-year project is to study three alternative methods of raising cattle, accelerated, medium and long and their impact on the productive qualities of animals, carcass indicators and beef quality indicators, as well as determining the economic efficiency for each production method.</em> <em>Conducting research according to the scheme of a three-factor experiment 3 × 2 with the study of growth dynamics for heifers and gobies. The total number of animals will be 72 individuals of the Kalmyk breed (12 gobies and 12 heifers) for each of the three groups and with an age of 12 months at the beginning of the experiment.</em> <strong>Key words:</strong> <em>productive, beef, Kalmyk breed,</em>
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Asharf, Muhammad Umair, and Muhammad Iqbal Mustafa. "Factors effecting growth, properties and quality of beef meat." Pacific International Journal 1, no. 1 (2018): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.55014/pij.v1i1.36.
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Nowadays consumers are highly interested in the quality of the products they eat, especially when this refers to meat. Consumption of meat from ruminant animals and its derivatives is on the increase, particularly in Pakistan. Current analysis is a review of the different factors that affect meat quality in ruminants. Some factors throughout the entire meat chain are analyzed, or rather, from those that producers underscore to improve the quality of their products to those related with consumers´ habits and beliefs. Most of the papers reviewed have been developed by researchers involved in the meat quality in collaboration with Pakistani or international groups.
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Hartman, Ashley, Madison L. Butler, Esther D. McCabe, et al. "26 Factors effecting collection characteristics in beef bulls at an artificial insemination facility." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (2020): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.189.
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Abstract Increased genomic information available for young bulls has decreased age at time of semen collection. Factors effecting collection characteristics include collection method (electro ejaculate (EE), or artificial vagina (AV), and the number of ejaculates collected. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of managerial factors on collection characteristics. From 2008 to 2018, 11,642 individual ejaculates were analyzed by a single technician at the Kansas Artificial Breeding Service Unit. Bulls that were not receptive to the AV after 3 or 4 attempts, were subject to EE. Collection characteristics were evaluated using multiple regression models; fixed effects included collection method, sequence of ejaculates collected per day, and were evaluated for their impact on collection characteristics. Progressive motility before freezing was greater (P&lt; 0.0001) for bulls collected with EE compared to AV. Ejaculate volume for EE collections was greater (P&lt; 0.0001) than those collected with AV. Percent spermatozoa with secondary abnormalities was greater (P&lt; 0.05) for bulls collected with EE compared to AV. Concentration of spermatozoa per mL was less (P&lt; 0.0001) for bulls collected with an EE (514 x106) compared to AV (617 x106). Total number of straws frozen per ejaculate were less (P&lt; 0.001) for bulls collected with EE (94) compared to AV (108). The number of ejaculates collected per day was significant for the percent of spermatozoa with secondary abnormalities (P&lt; 0.001). As ejaculate number per day increased, the concentration of spermatozoa decreased (713, 580, 535, and 434 x 106 per ml respectively; P&lt; 0.0001) and the number of straws frozen per ejaculate decreased (123, 107, 93, and 82 respectively; P &lt; 0.0001). In conclusion, AV collections resulted in a higher number of straws frozen. The method of collection could cause a significant impact when collecting young high demand bulls.
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., ., ., and . "Factors Effecting Consumer Trust in Online Purchases." International Journal of Global Sustainability 2, no. 1 (2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijgs.v2i1.14039.
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DICKSON, JAMES S. "Surface Moisture and Osmotic Stress as Factors That Affect the Sanitizing of Beef Tissue Surfaces." Journal of Food Protection 53, no. 8 (1990): 674–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-53.8.674.
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The use of osmotic stress or desiccation in combination with 2% acetic acid reduced the numbers of Salmonella typhimurium or Listeria monocytogenes on beef tissue to a greater degree than the acid alone. Bacteria were osmotically stressed by NaCl, CaCl2, or sucrose solutions. Pre-washing with 20% NaCl followed by sanitizing with acetic acid reduced the numbers of S. typhimurium an additional 1.5-to 2-log cycles compared with acetic acid alone. Similar reductions were seen by allowing the tissue surfaces to dry before the application of the acid. Desiccation in combination with acetic acid was also effective in reducing the numbers of Enterobacteriaceae on inoculated beef carcasses.
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Omama Farooq, Syed Afzal Moshadi Shah , Shakir Hafeez. "Smartphone Addiction Factors Effecting University Student Performance." NUML International Journal of Business & Management 16, no. 2 (2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52015/nijbm.v16i2.70.
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Smartphone addiction is a growing social issue globally, especially among young consumers. Few studies have examined the role of smartphone addiction and student performance in Pakistan. However, how daily life disturbance, positive anticipation, withdrawal, cyberspace orientation, overuse, tolerance, and student academic performance has not been examined in the literature in Pakistan. The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of daily life disturbance, positive anticipation, withdrawal, cyberspace orientation, overuse, and tolerance on student academic performance. The study has adopted a self-administered survey-based approach. A total of 375 responses were gathered from the university students in Pakistan. The study has used SPSS 25.0 version to analyse the data and report the findings. The findings indicate that ‘overuse’ has the most indirect effect on students’ performance, followed by Cyberspace and oriented relationship, tolerance, positive anticipation, and daily life disturbance. The study demands a particular intervention by the students to self-regulate their behaviour. Parents and teachers play their role in controlling mobile addiction. Policymakers may introduce policy-related interventions to control the excessive use of mobile phones. The study lays down future directions and discusses the limitations towards the end.
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Ahmad Azmin, Azizi, Mohd Saufi Bastami, Nurul Ain Abu Bakar, Mardhati Mohammad, Mohd Ghazali Rusli, and Mohd Fairuz Md Suptian. "Enteric Methane Emission Factor for Local Kedah-Kelantan Cross Beef Cattle in Smallholder Farms of Malaysia." E3S Web of Conferences 599 (2024): 01005. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202459901005.
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The ruminant industry is crucial under Malaysia’s National Agrofood Policy (NAP) 2.0, which aims for a 50% Self-Sufficiency Level (SSL) by 2030 to bolster food security. Increasing the ruminant population to meet this goal could elevate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially methane (CH4) from enteric fermentation. Therefore, a targeted mitigation strategy is necessary, based on precise emission calculations. GHG emissions are determined by multiplying the total population by an emission factor (EF). For accurate estimates, breed-specific EFs are needed. This study developed enteric fermentation EFs for Malaysia’s main beef breed, Kedah-Kelantan (KK) crosses, using the IPCC 2006 tier-2 methodology. The study found that mature male and female KK crosses emit 52.5 and 39.7 kg CH4/head/year, respectively, with a pooled average of 46.1 kg CH4/head/year, differing from the previously developed EF from Brakmas cattle of 51.6 and 65.7 kg CH4/head/year for mature female and male, respectively, with a pooled average of 58.7 kg CH4/head/year and IPCC’s default EF of 47 kg CH4/head/year. Using these breed-specific EFs can lead to more accurate emission estimates and effective GHG mitigation strategies.
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Yu, Xin Qi, Xin Lei Wan, and Qing Gang Liu. "Experimental Study of Effecting Factors for Plant Straw Densification." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.405.
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In this paper, plant straw densification technology has been studied. The corn straw was taken as raw material in the experiment. The influences of raw material moisture content, densification pressure and raw material size to the compact process have been studied. The results show that the 13%~18% moisture content of the corn straw is the best scope in compact process. When the raw materials are densified at a pressure of 60MPa, the products have smooth surface, high density. While the pressure continuously increases, the increase of density is not obvious. The raw material size 10~20mm are suitable for densification.
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Bayan, Almulhim, and Alghamdi Rami. "Effective Information Security Awareness Emails." International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research 11, no. 1 (2023): 1–2. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7505534.
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<strong>Abstract:</strong> What are the factors that affect the awareness emails? How do I know if my emails have been read by the employees or not? How can a department protect critical information resources through efficient awareness? What types of procedures work best for an organization? These types of questions are commonly heard nowadays. Strong security awareness programs are the first line of defence against cybersecurity attacks. Because no matter how many tools an organization uses, there is always room for development. In this paper, we will discuss some of the crucial security awareness aspects that could influence behavioural shifts for the better. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Information security, Human factor, Cybersecurity, Analysis. <strong>Title:</strong> Effective Information Security Awareness Emails <strong>Author:</strong> Bayan Almulhim, Rami Alghamdi <strong>International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research</strong> <strong>ISSN 2348-1196 (print), ISSN 2348-120X (online)</strong> <strong>Vol. 11, Issue 1, January 2023 - March 2023</strong> <strong>Page No: 1-2</strong> <strong>Research Publish Journals</strong> <strong>Website: www.researchpublish.com</strong> <strong>Published Date: 05-January-2023</strong> <strong>DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7505534</strong> <strong>Paper Download Link (Source)</strong> <strong>https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/effective-information-security-awareness-emails</strong>
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Nidhi, Bansal1, and Kumar Singh2 Ajay. "Effective task scheduling algorithm in cloud computing with quality of service alert bees and grey wolf optimization." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 25, no. 1 (2022): 550–60. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i1.pp550-560.
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Quality-based services are an indicative factor in providing a meaningful measure. These measures allow labeling for upcoming targets with a numerical comparison with a valid mathematical proof of reading and publications. By obtaining valid designs, organizations put this measure into the flow of technology development operations to generate higher profits. Since the conditions were met from the inception of cloud computing technology, the market was captured heavily by providing support through cloud computing. With the increase in the use of cloud computing, the complexity of data has also increased greatly. Applying natural theory to cloud technology makes it a fruit cream. Natural methods often come true, because survival depends on the live events and happenings, so using it in real life as well as any communication within technology will always be reliable. The numerical results are also showing a better value by comparing the optimization method. Finally, the paper introduces an adaptation theory with effective cloudsim coding of honey bees and grey wolf in conjunction with their natural life cycle for solving task scheduling problems. Using adapted bees improved the results by 50% compared with the original bees and secondly by honeybees and grey wolf improved 60%.
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Irreño-Barrera, Francisco Javier, Neila Sofía Escorcia-Álvarez, Gary Mauricio Navarro-Gómez, et al. "Recent advances in the study of pre-slaughter stress factors on beef, poultry and pork quality." Scientia Agropecuaria 13, no. 3 (2022): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2022.023.
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Stress in the pre-slaughter stage is a critical period in the production chain because it causes losses in animal live weight, affects carcass yield and quality, and leads to a loss of animal welfare due to an alteration in the homeostasis of the organism as a result of exposure to stressful situations. This review identifies and describes the stressors that have been reported in the last 5 years as the main causes of meat quality deterioration, including animal handling activities by farm or plant personnel (transport, loading and unloading, in the slaughter plant), environmental conditions (temperature, vibrations), waiting time prior to slaughter and mixing of lots, water and food fasting period, and fatigue states, as well as the biomarkers routinely used for the study of conditions associated with stress. Although research on the subject is abundant, the biochemical mechanisms involved in obtaining certain organoleptic characteristics of meat with respect to stress levels and the individual variations observable in different groups of animals are still not completely clear, and more research is needed on stress biomarkers that allow a more specific, effective and non-invasive identification and measurement.
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I Sibanga, Nyambe, and Nico Sisinyize. "Factors Affecting the Performance of the Beef Value Chain in the Zambezi Region of Namibia." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 10, no. 7 (2024): 7–23. https://doi.org/10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.107.1001.
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The purpose of the study was to measure factors affecting the performance of the beef value chain in the Zambezi region to identify ways through which the value chain can be improved. The study adopted a mixed research method. A total of 71 beef value chain actors were sampled using a non-probability sampling technique. Self-administered questionnaires were developed and administered by the researcher. Collected data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 2.0, Microsoft Excel, and Amos Graphics software, using a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The study found that veterinary extension services and market information were statistically significant while animal diseases and beef trade policies were statistically insignificant. In conclusion, the beef value chain in the Zambezi region of Namibia is faced with market constraints. The livestock market has been closed for a considerable amount of time because of the ongoing FMD outbreaks in the region. The study suggests that value chain actors, particularly farmers, improve animal husbandry by making sure there are effective disease control and extension services available. While improved dissemination of market information through various possible mass media was also recommended. Another recommendation was made for policymakers to consider including the commodity-based trade policy in their domestic beef trade policy as it seems to be the best approach that can allow beef produced in the Zambezi region of Namibia access to beef markets
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Rykhlova, A. A., and M. L. Pivovar. "FACTORS EFFECTING PROCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE ELECTROMIGRATION UNDER CONDITIONS OF CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS." Vestnik Farmacii 94, no. 4 (2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.52540/2074-9457.2021.4.32.
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The article discusses the influence of various factors on procaine hydrochloride electromigration under conditions of electrophoretic separation by capillary electrophoresis. The rate of voltage rise in the capillary electrophoresis system has been studied and a device making it possible to measure the potential in the system independent of the program software has been developed. The influence of the difference in hydrostatic pressure at the inlet and outlet of the quartz capillary and the difference in the approach to the analysis when changing the base electrolyte are investigated. The influence of the sample injected zone length on reproducibility of assay results of procaine hydrochloride has been studied. In order to improve separation efficiency and reproducibility of quantitative analysis results it is recommended to replace the base electrolyte after each analysis, as well as to inject the sample avoiding short injection values and high pressure. The values of apparent mobility of the test substance which can be used in the development of methods for procaine hydrochloride assay by capillary electrophoresis are calculated. The research results obtained can be applied in chemical and pharmaceutical laboratories as well as in scientific research.
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Polaček, Vladimir, Biljana Đurđević, Jasna Prodanov-Radulović, et al. "MAIN RISK FACTORS OF AMERICAN FOULBROOD SPREADING IN HONEY BEES IN SERBIA." Archives of Veterinary Medicine 14, no. 2 (2021): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.46784/eavm.v14i2.287.
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American foulbrood (AFB) is one of the most important contagious honey bee diseases. In Serbia, it is mandatory to report AFB, and this disease is registered in our country every year. Starting from 2018, active surveillance of the presence of the AFB has been conducted throughout the country. The paper analyzes the data on the occurrence of AFB during the period between 2019 and 2021 from official disease reports in the National Animal Disease Notification System "VetUp". The results of this research indicate that AFB appears every year in the Republic of Serbia, despite the measures that are being applied. The results indicate that in 36 settlements in the country, this disease has reoccurred in the same localities in the observed period. Namely, in 17 localities AFB occurred consecutively in the 2019-2020 period , while in 21 localities the disease was re-registered consecutively in the period between 2020 and 2021 (until 6.11.2021), and it reoccurred in 2021 in 9 localities, compared to the registered cases of AFB in 2019. It was found that the disease has consecutively been reoccurring in 5 location between 2019 and 2021 in the same locations. The fact that the disease has been occurring for several years in the same places speaks in favor of the fact that the control measures applied in the control of this disease are not effective enough. Continuing education of beekeepers, veterinarians and veterinary inspection in the field of diagnosis and effective decontamination and neutralization of all potencional sources of AFB reinfections, revision of current legislation, as well as raising awareness of the importance of early diagnosis of as many cases of this disease as possible are the key factors in successful AFB control.
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Dumonteil, Pierre. "Simple Equations for Effective Length Factors." Engineering Journal 29, no. 3 (1992): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.62913/engj.v29i3.592.
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In theory at least, the design of a column or of a beam-column starts with the evaluation of the elastic restraints at both ends of the column, from which the effective length factor K is then derived. To get a K-factor, the designer is much more likely to use the two charts provided in the Column Design section of the AISC Manuals, rather than to solve the transcendental equations on which the charts are based. However, having to read K-factors from an alignment chart in the middle of an electronic computation, in a spreadsheet for instance, prevents full automation and can be a source of errors. The fact that spreadsheets cannot accept so-called circular references makes their use awkward for the automatic solution of transcendental equations. A side benefit of an excellent article by Barakat and Chen was the demonstration of how powerful an engineering tool the electronic spreadsheet can be: it automates many routine calculations, and it is well suited for tedious column and beam-column calculations. Barakat and Chen did not elaborate on how they obtained the K-factors used in their examples; from the context, it seems that the factors were manually entered into the spreadsheet. Obviously, it would be convenient to have simple equations take the place of the charts in the AISC Manuals. The American Concrete Institute4 does publish equations, but their lack of accuracy may be why they seem not to be used in steel design. Better equations have been available in the French Design Rules for Steel Structures5 since 1966, and have been included in the European Recommendations6 of 1978, with only a change in notation. These equations are accurate, yet simple enough to be easily programmed within the confines of a spreadsheet cell. For this reason, they may be useful to North American engineers.
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Ruan, Lian Fa, and Chang Quan Gu. "Analysis of Factors Affecting Green Residential Building Costs Based on Fuzzy Factor Analysis Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.12.
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Forty-seven influential factors of green residential costs were identified in this study, and then four categories of respondents estimated their influential degrees through a questionnaire survey. In order to analyze these factors more accurately, a fuzzy factor analysis model (FFAM) was proposed while the classical one has often been affected by interference information. After calculating fuzzy eigenvalues, fuzzy correlation cofficients and factor loadings matrix in the model, eight different common factors were extracted. Finally, the author put forward several effective measures for controlling green residential costs based on these common factors.
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Sancén, Marco, Asier Léniz, María Teresa Macarulla, Marcela González, Iñaki Milton-Laskibar, and María P. Portillo. "Features of Non-Alcoholic Beer on Cardiovascular Biomarkers. Can It Be a Substitute for Conventional Beer?" Nutrients 15, no. 1 (2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15010173.
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Numerous studies have revealed the beneficial effects of moderate beer consumption on cardiovascular diseases. However, the presence of alcohol in beer can represent a matter of concern, since alcohol intake poses a risk to some individuals. Additionally, adults who are life-long abstainers should not be encouraged to consume alcohol for health purposes. Consequently, the benefits of beer consumption remain a controversial issue. In this scenario, the present review gathers the reported information concerning the cardiovascular effects of non-alcoholic beer, and makes a comparison between these effects and those of conventional beer. Despite the scarcity of published results to date describing the effects of non-alcoholic beer consumption, the available literature indicates that it is more effective than conventional beer in preventing oxidative stress (lower lipid and protein oxidation), preserving the endothelial function (lower endothelial dysfunction) and inhibiting thrombogenic activity (lowered oxidized LDL). By contrast, conventional beer has shown to induce greater increases in HDL-cholesterol levels (known as a cardiovascular protective factor) compared to non-alcoholic beer. This effect cannot be solely attributed to alcohol content, since the polyphenol content in conventional beer tends to be higher than that found in non-alcoholic beer.
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Titov, N. L., M. M. Nizamutdinov, and A. T. Iskhakov. "Management analysis of cost effectiveness of beef cattle breeding and its determinants." International Accounting 23, no. 10 (2020): 1149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ia.23.10.1149.
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Subject. This article analyzes the meat production of the Republic of Tatarstan and the respective enterprises' competitiveness. The article discusses principles and measures to enhance the effectiveness of beef cattle breeding, and identifies its determinants. Objectives. The study aims to determine key directions for enhancing the effectiveness of the beef cattle breeding sector and its development. Methods. The study is based on comparison, systematization and generalization of data, and the methods of economic and statistical analysis. Results. To evaluate to what extent the meat productivity of cattle depends on its determinants and how they correlate, we performed a correlation and regression analysis by addressing the multiple correlation. We built a multiple-factor correlation and regression model of business activity of agricultural enterprises in the Predvolzhskaya Natural and Economic Zone for 2019. We figured out that 500 young growing cattle and livestock constitute the optimal size of cattle breeding enterprises in the Predvolzhskaya Natural and Economic Zone in the sampled population. Conclusions. The cost effectiveness of the overall agricultural production and certain types of products mostly depends on the scale of key sectors presented in agricultural enterprises and the extent of production concentration. In the market economy, the stable and effective performance of agricultural enterprises mainly depends on the relationship between the production and reprocessing of products. The findings can be used to outline methodological principles of the agricultural production economics, effectiveness, attain and increase the appropriate competitiveness of beef cattle breeding enterprises.
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Lepeyko, Tetyana, and Alina Shcherbak. "Determining factors to ensure the effective formation of the information process in the industrial enterprise management." Development Management 16, no. 4 (2019): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/dm.4(4).2018.08.
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The article presents comprehensive approach to ensuring the effective formation of the information process of industrial enterprise management. It is proposed to use scenario planning technology, which will allow considering the activity of an enterprise and its information processes in the context of several development scenarios. The paper substantiates the theoretical and methodological provisions for determining the factors ensuring the effectiveness of the formation of the information process of managing an industrial enterprise. The factors determining the effectiveness of the formation of the information process of managing an industrial enterprise are determined on the basis of the principal component method, which allows to determine the most informative indicators for further analysis and formation of the information array of the management process. It has been proved that regardless of the scenario of the development of an enterprise, the list of factors ensuring the effectiveness of the formation of information processes for managing an industrial enterprise (using the engineering industry as an example) remains unchanged, but depending on the development scenario, the priorities of the company’s management change.
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Imran, Shahina, and Rana M. Imran Arshad. "Factors Determining the Effective Role of Microfinance." Review of Economics and Development Studies 1, no. 2 (2015): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/reads.v1i2.119.
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The focus of this study is on the effectiveness of economic, social and institutional factors in manipulating the role of microfinance. It is a primary data research conducted in the Bahawalpur division, Pakistan. The sample consists of 773 respondents, belonging to different microfinance providers of Pakistan that are NRSP, AKHU, FMFB, KASHF, KB, NRSP-B, TMFB. Data has been collected through face to face structured interviewing using a questionnaire. It has been found that economic wellbeing and economic empowerment of borrowers after availing microfinance is positively affected by consumer protection, education of borrowers, experience, business training, number of employed persons, length of membership, relation to household head, area and family reaction to business activity but negatively by diversion of loan, interest rate, age of the borrowers and number of dependents.
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Ibrahim, Taghreed Hassan. "Buckling Loads and Effective Length Factor for Non-Prismatic Columns." Journal of Engineering 23, no. 10 (2017): 134–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2017.10.10.
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Based on a finite element analysis using Matlab coding, eigenvalue problem has been formulated and solved for the buckling analysis of non-prismatic columns. Different numbers of elements per column length have been used to assess the rate of convergence for the model. Then the proposed model has been used to determine the critical buckling load factor () for the idealized supported columns based on the comparison of their buckling loads with the corresponding hinge supported columns . Finally in this study the critical buckling factor () under end force (P) increases by about 3.71% with the tapered ratio increment of 10% for different end supported columns and the relationship between normalized critical load and slenderness ratio was generalized.
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Mateescu, Raluca, Fernanda M. Rezende, Kaitlyn M. Sarlo Davila, Andrea N. Nunez Andrade, Aakilah Hernandez, and Pascal Oltenacu. "82 Genetic Correlations Underlying the Thermotolerance: Production Complex in Beef Cattle." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (2022): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.071.
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Abstract Heat stress is a principal factor limiting production of animal protein in subtropical and tropical regions, and its impact is expected to increase dramatically. Development of effective strategies to improve the ability to cope with heat stress is imperative to enhance productivity of the livestock industry and secure global food supplies. However, selection focused on production and ignoring adaptability results in beef animals with greater metabolic heat production and increased sensitivity to heat stress. The goal of this research is to describe novel traits which can be used to characterize genetic pathways for thermotolerance which are independent or positively associated with production performance. Variance components, heritabilities, additive genetic correlations, and phenotypic correlations were estimated for skin histology characteristics, hair characteristics, body temperature under high temperature-humidity index (THI) conditions, and ultrasound carcass traits on 330 heifers from the University of Florida multibreed herd. A high heritability of 0.69 was estimated for the sweat gland area. The heritability for body temperature under high THI conditions was estimated to be 0.13 which is similar the heritability estimated reported for rectal temperature in a Brahman x Angus crossbred population (0.19; Riley et al., 2012) and dairy cattle (0.17; Dikmen at al., 2012). Sweat gland area had a negative genetic correlation with sweat gland depth (-0.49), short and long hair length (-0.45 and -0.28, respectively), and body temperature under high THI conditions (-0.65). These negative correlations suggest a similarity in the genetic control underlying these traits which would allow for selection of animals with large sweat glands, short hair (both topcoat and under coat), and able to maintain a lower body temperature under high THI conditions. More importantly, although weak, the genetic correlations between sweat gland area and the two production traits (backfat and intramuscular fat) were favorable (0.22 and 0.20, respectively).
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Burrow, Heather M., Ben J. Mans, Fernando F. Cardoso, et al. "Towards a new phenotype for tick resistance in beef and dairy cattle: a review." Animal Production Science 59, no. 8 (2019): 1401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18487.
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About 80% of the world’s cattle are affected by ticks and tick-borne diseases, both of which cause significant production losses. Cattle host resistance to ticks is the most important factor affecting the economics of tick control, but it is largely neglected in tick-control programs due to technical difficulties and costs associated with identifying individual-animal variation in resistance. The present paper reviews the scientific literature to identify factors affecting resistance of cattle to ticks and the biological mechanisms of host tick resistance, to develop alternative phenotype(s) for tick resistance. If new cost-effective phenotype(s) can be developed and validated, then tick resistance of cattle could be genetically improved using genomic selection, and incorporated into breeding objectives to simultaneously improve cattle productive attributes and tick resistance. The phenotype(s) could also be used to improve tick control by using cattle management. On the basis of the present review, it is recommended that three possible phenotypes (haemolytic analysis; measures of skin hypersensitivity reactions; simplified artificial tick infestations) be further developed to determine their practical feasibility for consistently, cost-effectively and reliably measuring cattle tick resistance in thousands of individual animals in commercial and smallholder farmer herds in tropical and subtropical areas globally. During evaluation of these potential new phenotypes, additional measurements should be included to determine the possibility of developing a volatile-based resistance phenotype, to simultaneously improve cattle resistance to both ticks and biting flies. Because the current measurements of volatile chemistry do not satisfy the requirements of a simple, cost-effective phenotype for use in commercial cattle herds, consideration should also be given to inclusion of potentially simpler measures to enable indirect genetic selection for volatile-based resistance to ticks.
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Zanabazar, Altanchimeg, and Sarantuya Jigjiddorj. "The factors effecting entrepreneurial intention of university students: case of Mongolia." SHS Web of Conferences 73 (2020): 01034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207301034.
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Small and medium sized businesses with entrepreneur orientation have been developing rapidly creating wealth for the nations and often become large global enterprises. The researches on the entrepreneur intention, entrepreneur education, attitude as well as the factors affecting to them are getting popular. Simultaneously, the study on whether the university is nurturing the entrepreneur intention, attitude or boosts students’ willingness starting their own businesses has been remaining an interesting topic. The current study aimed at researching various factors affecting the entrepreneur intention, attitude of the students, subjective norms, entrepreneur education, and perceived behaviour control using sample survey involving 568 university students. The survey results demonstrated that the personal attitude had an influence on entrepreneur intention and the participants expressed their willingness starting their own businesses having an awareness on prospective challenges and opportunities. The determinants such as subjective norms and perceived behaviour control had both positive impacts on becoming an entrepreneur; however, an entrepreneur education demonstrated a slight impact in entrepreneur intention.
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FRATAMICO, PINA M., FRANKIE J. SCHULTZ, ROBERT C. BENEDICT, ROBERT L. BUCHANAN, and PETER H. COOKE. "Factors Influencing Attachment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Beef Tissues and Removal Using Selected Sanitizing Rinses‡." Journal of Food Protection 59, no. 5 (1996): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-59.5.453.
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Attachment of E. coli O157:H7 and E. coli K12 to beef tenderloin filet, chuck, and adipose tissues was studied. Most attachment occurred within 1 min of incubation; the number of attached organisms depended on the concentration of bacteria in the liquid inoculum. Similar levels of E. coli bound to the three types of beef tissues tested. E. coli O157:H7 was heavily piliated; however, there was no significant difference between levels of bound E. coli O157:H7 and E. coli K12, indicating that these surface structures apparently are not involved in attachment. Scanning electron photomicrographs of meat tissue and of purified collagen suggested that bacteria attached primarily to collagen fibers. Rinsing solutions consisting of 10% trisodium phosphate (TSP), 2% acetic acid (HAc), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and combinations of each were tested for effectiveness in reducing the number of attached E. coli. The level of bacteria removed from tenderloin tissue following TSP, HAc, or PBS rinses did not differ considerably. When beef tissues were stored at 4°C for 18 h after the various rinse combinations, TSP rinse treatments reduced the levels of E. coli K12 and O157:H7 attached to adipose tissue up to 3.4 and 2.7 log units, respectively, compared to PBS rinse treatments. Therefore, TSP may be effective for reducing populations of E. coli O157:H7 on beef carcass tissue.
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Sayee, Imam Mohammad. "Effective Social Factors on the Studying Culture." Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities 3, no. 4 (2023): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.3.4.5.
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Studying, writing and reading are emphasized more than anything in the Quran and Islamic teachings. In this article, the effective social factors on culture of reading and studying are discussed and analyzed from the sociological point of view. The influence of factors such as family, peer group, society, media and school in promoting the culture of study has been examined, which show a graceful role in the direction of positive modeling of the society. Knowing and finding the factors influencing the book reading culture is the main goal of this research.
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Chen, Yi-Chen, Wen-Yu Chin, Chao-Chin Chang, Shih-Te Chuang, and Wei-Li Hsu. "Potential Risk Factors Associated with Infection with Bovine Leukaemia Virus in Dairy and Beef Cattle in Taiwan." Pathogens 10, no. 12 (2021): 1553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10121553.
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Bovine leukaemia virus (BLV), which is classified as a Deltaretrovirus, is the aetiologic agent of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), a chronic lymphoproliferative disorder with a worldwide distribution. EBL is widespread in dairy herds and causes a direct economic impact due to reduced milk production and the early culling of BLV-infected cattle. The BLV infection status in Taiwan remains largely unknown; a high prevalence of BLV in dairy cows was recently revealed. The present study further investigated BLV infections in beef cattle. Surprisingly, the prevalence of BLV proviral DNA was as low as 11.8% (23/195), which is significantly lower than that noted in dairy cows, which was 42.5% (102/240) (p < 0.001). Factors associated with BLV infections were subsequently investigated. Due to the differences in herd management, an analysis of risk factors for a BLV infection was independently conducted in these two sectors. Several factors associated with a BLV infection were identified. Age was significantly associated with BLV infection status in dairy cows (p < 0.001) but not in beef cattle. A high prevalence of BLV was observed in cattle >15.5 months old (57.8%) compared with those ≤15.5 months old (11.4%). Moreover, after stratification analysis, based on the critical age of 15.5 months, as determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, a significantly higher BLV prevalence was demonstrated in lactating dairy cows, cattle undergoing bull breeding, heifers at older ages, and those undergoing routine rectal palpation. Due to the high prevalence of BLV in Taiwan, the development of an effective control program, based on the identified risk factors, is important for interrupting the routes of BLV transmission within herds.
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Holt, BS, DM Chilton, and JA Sampson. "Factors Effecting Discolouration and Carbonization of Unmanufactured Flue-cured Tobacco." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 13, no. 2 (1985): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0561.
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AbstractModern advances in the mechanical processing of unmanufactured tobacco have developed conditions which could be favourable for the discolouration, carbonization, and possible pyrogenic reaction of flue-cured tobacco. Severe carbonization has been found in flue-cured tobaccos with moisture, packed temperature, and packed densities as low as 11 %, 40°C, and 370 kg / m3 respectively, and sugar contents as low as 14 % (moisture-free basis). We have focused our investigation on the redrying, prizing, and storage processes. The parameters chosen for this study included moisture content, packed temperature and packed density, and the insulative effects of packing containers as well as the effect of row position in storage. Data from the redrying and prizing processes were recorded for each container of tobacco. The tobacco temperature was monitored every four hours for the first 72 hours after packing and periodically thereafter when conditions so indicated. Samples for colour comparison and chemical analysis were taken at the beginning of each test, after 72 hours in storage and later as necessary. Key factors identified were packed density, moisture content and sustained internal temperature. A model for carbonization is proposed and an extension is made for the pyrogenic reaction.
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Selezneva, I.E., and Yu.V. Sidel`nikov. "Effective management of science development as a whole: approaches to the topic." Economics of science 9, no. 4 (2023): 32–40. https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2023-9-4-32-40.
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The paper examines the issues of managing the science development as a whole. The purpose of the study is to increase the efficiency of management of the development of science by identifying factors that contribute to or hinder the development of science as a whole and to consider approaches to assessing the level of development of science. The article suggests approaches to this topic, which are expressed in the consideration of science as a whole, as well as in an attempt to approach the construction of a model that allows taking into account the intensity of the influence of the whole set of factors on the development or inhibition of science as a whole. For this purpose, the following factors were identified and systematized, those that: always contribute to the development of science as a whole; always inhibit the development (hinder the development) of science as a whole; as well as those that both slow down and accelerate the development of science.For this reason, some of the factors have been identified that: always contributing to the development of science as a whole; always hindering the development of science as a whole; both hindering and accelerating the development of science. The systematization of these factors has been carried out. A statement of the research goal is proposed and, based on its decomposition, five tasks are set. Some shortcomings of modern methods and techniques of monitoring, evaluating the progress of scientific research and determining the level of development of science, based on scientometric indicators, are indicated. An approach is proposed to assess the level of science development depending on the time period under consideration, external conditions and the intensity of the factors influence on the development or inhibition of science as a whole
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Amrit, Kumar Dahal, K. Mishra A., and S. Aithal P. "Factors Affecting Design Review: A Case from Dang Valley, Nepal-Asia." International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML) 6, no. 1 (2022): 160–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6350839.
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Purpose: There seem some flaws during design by consultants because of time and cost constraints. To deal with this problem there is a need for a design review for those design parts to assess their compliance for implementation. The overall objective of the research is to analyze the causes of the design review of small farmer-managed surface irrigation schemes developed by the Community Irrigation Project (CIP) about Dang Valley. Design/Methodology/Approach: Based on selected fifteen surface irrigation schemes developed by CIP in Dang Valley, a Questionnaire survey, interviews, and observations were done along with the intensive study of Feasibility Assessment Report, project-related datasheets, and As-Built Drawings. These data have been analyzed using the Relative Importance Index (RII). Findings/Result: The study revealed that faulty survey, design, and change in local demand by users are the major reasons to change the design. The major four significant factors to cause design change in small surface irrigation schemes as obtained from the Relative Importance Index (RII) were survey leading to (1) the efficient system, (2) design with cost-effective and sustainable approach, (3) social issues, and (4) unforeseen site condition. It indicates that for the better construction and performance of FMIS there is a need for improvement in the survey, design, and other social issues like the mechanism of distributing equal water to all the beneficiary farmers. Originality/Value: The care against the influence of unnecessary political factors with due consideration of technical, social, environmental as well as the financial viability of schemes will be assured through the provision of a flexible Cost ceiling. Concept of design through extended team will be maintained. Paper Type: Action Research
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Bansal, Nidhi, and Ajay Kumar Singh. "Effective task scheduling algorithm in cloud computing with quality of service alert bees and grey wolf optimization." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 25, no. 1 (2022): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i1.pp550-560.
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Quality-based services are an indicative factor in providing a meaningful measure. These measures allow labeling for upcoming targets with a numerical comparison with a valid mathematical proof of reading and publications. By obtaining valid designs, organizations put this measure into the flow of technology development operations to generate higher profits. Since the conditions were met from the inception of cloud computing technology, the market was captured heavily by providing support through cloud computing. With the increase in the use of cloud computing, the complexity of data has also increased greatly. Applying natural theory to cloud technology makes it a fruit cream. Natural methods often come true, because survival depends on the live events and happenings, so using it in real life as well as any communication within technology will always be reliable. The numerical results are also showing a better value by comparing the optimization method. Finally, the paper introduces an adaptation theory with effective cloudsim coding of honey bees and grey wolf in conjunction with their natural life cycle for solving task scheduling problems. Using adapted bees improved the results by 50% compared with the original bees and secondly by honeybees and grey wolf improved 60%.
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Teimouri Yasari, Asadollah. "Physically effectiveness of beet pulp in dairy cows 2: Intakes, digestibility and chewing activity, and performance of Holstein dairy cows." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2007 (April 2007): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200020895.
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Many non-forage fibrous sources (NFFS) such as beet pulp (BP) contain more NDF than some forage sources, and have been successfully used in dairy rations to replace a portion of the effective or physical effective fiber (peNDF) that is normally provided by forages. However, BP has limited forage replacement value and effectiveness factor of 0.40 (fraction of NDF) versus 1.0 for forages (Mertens, 1997). In addition, Mertens (1997) suggested that the physically effectiveness factor of ground and pellet were 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. However, the effects of BP when substituted with different feed sources in TMR are variable that depend on chemical composition, types and physical characteristics. The objective of this experiment was to measure the effects of three types of BP on intakes, digestibility, and chewing activity and performance of Holstein dairy cows.
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Grace Lamunu, Christopher Ddamulira, Florence Ajok Odoch, Paul Katamba, and David R. Mutekanga. "Factors affecting adherence to meat hygiene practices of beef butcheries in Kasangati Town Council, Wakiso District, Uganda." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 14, no. 2 (2022): 525–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.14.2.0217.
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Poor meat hygiene practices are a major cause of food borne diseases which has led to morbidity and mortality globally. The World Health Organization estimates that over 600 million foodborne illnesses and 420 million deaths worldwide are due to poor hygiene practices in the meat sector, with the developing countries carrying the brunt of this load. The situation in Uganda is not much different from the global statistics and many studies have been undertaken especially in the capital city Kampala on butcher hygiene. What was still unknown is the situation in the many peri urban centers around the country which are having rising population and host many residences. This study was therefore carried out in Kasangati town council, Wakiso district, Uganda, to specifically establish the level of adherence to meat hygiene practices among butcher operators, identify the factors affecting adherence to meat hygiene practices and identify the relationship between these factors in this per-urban center in a developing country. Results of this study show that education level of butcher operators; availability of functional waste disposal tank in a butcher premises; availability and use of hand gloves were significantly associated with adherence to meat hygiene practices among the butcher operators. The study also found out that a large percentage (65.7%) of the butcher operators were not adhering to meat hygiene practices. This low adherence to the above factors which are significantly associated with meat hygiene practices inevitably contributes to contamination of meat and spread of meat borne diseases in this town. The paper concludes by recommending a more effective law enforcement and education and awareness by the public health authorities and making a practical monitoring and evaluation regime to reduce non adherence and increase adherence to meat hygiene practices.
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Grace, Lamunu, Ddamulira Christopher, Ajok Odoch Florence, Katamba Paul, and R. Mutekanga David. "Factors affecting adherence to meat hygiene practices of beef butcheries in Kasangati Town Council, Wakiso District, Uganda." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 14, no. 2 (2022): 525–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7299016.
Full textAbstract:
Poor meat hygiene practices are a major cause of food borne diseases which has led to morbidity and mortality globally. The World Health Organization estimates that over 600 million foodborne illnesses and 420 million deaths worldwide are due to poor hygiene practices in the meat sector, with the developing countries carrying the brunt of this load. The situation in Uganda is not much different from the global statistics and many studies have been undertaken especially in the capital city Kampala on butcher hygiene. What was still unknown is the situation in the many peri urban centers around the country which are having rising population and host many residences. This study was therefore carried out in Kasangati town council, Wakiso district, Uganda, to specifically establish the level of adherence to meat hygiene practices among butcher operators, identify the factors affecting adherence to meat hygiene practices and identify the relationship between these factors in this per-urban center in a developing country. Results of this study show that education level of butcher operators; availability of functional waste disposal tank in a butcher premises; availability and use of hand gloves were significantly associated with adherence to meat hygiene practices among the butcher operators. The study also found out that a large percentage (65.7%) of the butcher operators were not adhering to meat hygiene practices. This low adherence to the above factors which are significantly associated with meat hygiene practices inevitably contributes to contamination of meat and spread of meat borne diseases in this town. The paper concludes by recommending a more effective law enforcement and education and awareness by the public health authorities and making a practical monitoring and evaluation regime to reduce non adherence and increase adherence to meat hygiene practices.
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Wang, Honggang, Yujie Du, Yu Feng, Yang Lv, Xiaoming Hu, and Yunsheng Qian. "Effective Evaluation of the Noise Factor of Microchannel Plate." Advances in OptoElectronics 2015 (August 27, 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/781327.
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To improve the noise performance of microchannel plate (MCP), we have presented a method using the sine random signals with Poisson distribution as the noise-excitation for electron source. By using this method, the effective evaluation of noise characteristics of MCP has been implemented through measuring and analyzing its noise factor. The results have demonstrated that the noise factor of filmed MCP is lower than 1.8. Additionally, as the open area ratio and the input electron energy are 72% and 400 eV, respectively, the noise characteristics of unfilmed MCP are improved evidently. Moreover, larger open area ratio, higher input electron energy, and higher voltage across the MCP all can reduce effectively the noise factor within a certain range. Meanwhile, the ion barrier film extends the life of image tube but at the cost of an increased noise factor. Therefore, it is necessary that a compromise between the optimum thickness of ion barrier film, open area ratio, input electron energy, and voltage across the MCP must be reached.
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Leal, Roberta Luisa Barbosa, Marina Muniz Moreira, Alessandra Ribeiro Pinto, Júlia de Oliveira Ferreira, Miguel Rodriguez-Girones, and Leandro Freitas. "Temporal changes in the most effective pollinator of a bromeliad pollinated by bees and hummingbirds." PeerJ 8 (March 25, 2020): e8836. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8836.
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A generalist pollination system may be characterized through the interaction of a plant species with two or more functional groups of pollinators. The spatiotemporal variation of the most effective pollinator is the factor most frequently advocated to explain the emergence and maintenance of generalist pollination systems. There are few studies merging variation in floral visitor assemblages and the efficacy of pollination by different functional groups. Thus, there are gaps in our knowledge about the variation in time of pollinator efficacy and frequency of generalist species. In this study, we evaluated the pollination efficacy of the floral visitors of Edmundoa lindenii (Bromeliaceae) and their frequency of visits across four reproductive events. We analyzed the frequency of the three groups of floral visitors (large bees, small bees, and hummingbirds) through focal observations in the reproductive events of 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018. We evaluated the pollination efficacy (fecundity after one visit) through selective exposure treatments and the breeding system by manual pollinations. We tested if the reproductive success after natural pollination varied between the reproductive events and also calculated the pollen limitation index. E. lindenii is a self-incompatible and parthenocarpic species, requiring the action of pollinators for sexual reproduction. Hummingbirds had higher efficacy than large bees and small bees acted only as pollen larcenists. The relative frequency of the groups of floral visitors varied between the reproductive events. Pollen limitation has occurred only in the reproductive event of 2017, when visits by hummingbirds were scarce and reproductive success after natural pollination was the lowest. We conclude that hummingbirds and large bees were the main and the secondary pollinators of E. lindenii, respectively, and that temporal variations in the pollinator assemblages had effects on its reproductive success. Despite their lower pollination efficacy, large bees ensured seed set when hummingbirds failed. Thus, we provide evidence that variable pollination environments may favor generalization, even under differential effectiveness of pollinator groups if secondary pollinators provide reproductive assurance.
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elmalı, şule. "Prospective Science Teachers Opinions on Factors Effecting Scientific Development Process." Journal of Higher Education and Science 11, no. 1 (2021): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2021.425.
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Science teaching is one of the essential elements that can ensure the training of individuals who know scientific knowledge and scientific processes and use scientific methods in defining and solving the problems encountered. Within science lessons, the factors affecting the scientific process should be examined and presented. It was aimed to determine the opinions of prospective science teachers on this issue, since it is thought that the opinions of teachers, who are the most effective individuals in gaining the intended characteristics to students, on the factors affecting the scientific development process may affect the way they do their jobs. The study was conducted in the phenomenology model, which is one of the qualitative research methods, and the study group consisted of 37 prospective senior teachers. An open-ended questionnaire a data collection tool and a content analysis method were used in the analysis of the data. In the research results, it has been determined that prospective teachers mentioned social and cultural factors that affect the science and science-making process most frequently and emphasized the importance of raising individuals with inquirer minds. They structured their views on the purpose of scientific studies on producing information and carrying out activities for the benefit of the society; furthermore, they stated that the family and education system affected the scientific development process.
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Campbell, Steele, Charlene Kalenkoski, and Mitzi Lauderdale. "On payday lending: Identifying effective regulation measures." Journal of Social Economics Research 10, no. 4 (2023): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/35.v10i4.3510.
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Many governments adopt regulations designed to prevent consumers from participating in specific financial markets or to limit the negative externalities of such markets. However, relatively little effort has been put into determining the efficacy of such regulatory measures. In many cases, effectively comparing these regulatory measures is limited by variations in preferences and cultures across nationalities. However, the United States may represent a unique situation where preferences and cultures are more homogenous across state lines than across international boundaries. As such, a comparison of the efficacy of these laws may yield a better understanding of which measures prove more effective than others. One such financial market that has received such attention is the payday lending industry, which is part of the broader subprime credit market. In the United States, each individual state has its own laws regarding subprime lending. The analysis in this paper finds that while some legal regimes have a relationship to positive or negative outcomes among consumers, others seem to have no relationship at all.
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Turysbekov, D. K., N. K. Tussupbayev, L. V. Semushkina, S. M. Narbekova, and A. M. Mukhamedilova. "Determination of factors effecting the properties of water-air microdispersion." Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu 322, no. 3 (2022): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2022/6445.23.
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The article presents the results of laboratory studies on the effect of the liquid-gas ratio and the foaming agent type on the average water-air micro dispersion size obtained from the foaming agent solution. The size of microbubbles significantly effects the efficiency of flotation and depends on the type and concentration of foaming agent used for their production. A generator was used to obtain water-air micro dispersion. The works were performed to work out the water-air micro dispersion parameters of at different liquid-gas ratio and different performance of the generator. The following foaming agents were used as objects of research: sodium butyl aero flot (BTF), flotanol C-7, butyl triethylenetetramine (B-TETA) at a concentration of 0.5 g/dm3. It has been established, that the optimal phase liquid-gas ratio was 1:1, the optimal capacity of the generator was 6-7.2 dm3/h with an average particle size of air-water micro dispersion- 33-41 mm for BTF solution, 103-107 mm for C-7 solution, 90-93 mm for B-TETA solution. The type of foaming agent used in flotation effects the size and stability of microbubbles. It is established that the flotation agents can be arranged in the following line with respect to their ability to create micro dispersion: IIBK→Senfroth 580→B-TETA→OPSB→Flotanol C-7→T-92→BTF. The best results are shown by BTF that creates micro dispersion of 43-58 μm (t 20-40 °С) and stability of 80 sec with concentration of 0.5 g/dm3.
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Dowswell, Bo. "Effective Length Factors for Gusset Plate Buckling." Engineering Journal 43, no. 2 (2006): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.62913/engj.v43i2.877.
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Gusset plates are commonly used in steel buildings to connect bracing members to other structural members in the lateral force resisting system. Failure modes for gusset plates have been identified, and design procedures are well documented in the literature, but uncertainties still exist for gusset plates in compression. The previous research includes laboratory tests, finite element models, and theoretical studies. Many of the previous studies concentrated on the capacity of gusset plates in compression. A literature review revealed a total of 170 experimental specimens and finite element models with compressive loads applied. The procedures that are currently used to design gusset plates are reviewed. Using the experimental and finite element data from the previous studies, the capacity of gusset plates in compression are compared to the current design procedures. Based on a statistical analysis, effective length factors are proposed for use with the current design procedures.
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Majid, Murad, Dr Cai Li rof, Javed Hasnain, Fazal Firdousi Saba, and Ahmad Gill Shabeeb. "Factors Effecting Customer Satisfaction towards Online Shopping in Jiangsu Province China." International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research 8, no. 10 (2019): 142–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3614739.
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<em>Now a day’s online business is growing day by day and satisfies the needs of customers who want to shop online; the present study discussed the e-loyalty, e-services, e-quality, information and social network links which impact on the customer satisfaction towards online shopping in China. There are many companies that are performed their duties and services to sell products and services online and earning handsome amount. In China many companies are active in this business, e.g. Taobao. The present study targets the Jiangsu province companies which are situated in Nanjing, Wuxi, Zhenjiang, Suzhou, Jiangsu province of China. Most of the population of this city shopped online clothing and footwear. However to build up positive and good image in rivalry market is very tough because everyone wants to sell products; it’s important to create e-loyalty. E-loyalty is, according to famous researcher’s one important ingredient to succeed online and stay profitable. Other important ingredients for e-loyalty are e-satisfaction, e-trust and e-service quality as well as social networks. All of these factors have been investigated and evaluate in which degree they affect customer satisfaction. In this paper, assessed 450 respondents included in the population. The findings have been tested by following statistical analysis, reliability test, correlation analysis, regression analysis and mediation analysis through structural equation modeling. The result showed that e-loyalty is the main driver for customer satisfaction towards online shopping in fashion industry. The result showed that e-service also the main driver for customer satisfaction towards online shopping in fashion industry. The result showed that e-quality and information provide online to create e-loyalty and satisfaction impact customer satisfaction towards online shopping in fashion industry. The result showed that social networks and good relationships are the influence the customer satisfaction towards online shopping in fashion industry. At last the result showed that trust and security playing a mediation role e-loyalty and customer satisfaction towards online shopping in fashion industry. Thereby, a manager should put main focus on what affects satisfaction to increase e-loyalty in this industry.</em>
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KABIR, SARDAR MD HUMAYUN, ZAINATUL SHUHAIDA ABDULL RAHMAN, and MST KHAIRUNNASSA. "FACTORS EFFECTING JOB SATISFACTION FOR ONLINE EDUCATION AMONG LECTURERS IN BANGLADESH." Quantum Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 5, no. 1 (2024): 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v5i1.335.
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The global pandemic caused by Covid-19 infectious disease during the year 2020 has pierced the life of humankind in almost all countries and all members of the society. This pandemic issue limits one to cope with a changing work environment and it induces both structural and functional consequences on the education system. Thus, the online education system emerged and repositioned itself as one of the most effective mediums of education system recently. This study examined decision factors such as happiness, quality of work-life commitment and attitude toward online education and its influence on job satisfaction of academic staffs in Bangladesh. A quantitative research approach has been taken using a random sampling method to collect data from 293 lecturers working in colleges and universities in the metropolitan city of Dhaka. For the study, Exploratory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling techniques were performed. The findings helped in filling the satisfaction-behavioural gap in understanding attitude measures of academic staffs toward conducting courses in online mode.
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Shahoozadeh, Sadegh. "Identifying Critical Success Factors for Effective Development of E-monitoring." Journal of Management and Accounting Studies 2, no. 02 (2019): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jmas.vol2iss02pp59-66.
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Electronic government has been among certain concepts and strategies facilitating public management in most societies. Thus, being concerned about the said concept and making its infrastructure thought operational have always been of great interest. Methodology: The essential part and the most important pyramid of e-government have been devoted to e-monitoring. Essentially, such kind of supervision has been made toward the general idea of the e-government and includes the most important means for the materialization of its goals accordingly. This research has been conducted aiming at identifying key factors, which influence effective development of e-supervision in four structural, technical, strategic and human dimensions. The statistical population of this research includes all experts from State General Inspection Organization (Khorasan Razavi, South Khorasan, North Khorasan, Golestan, and Sistan Va Baluchestan Provinces) consisting of 110 persons; the entire persons have been chosen as sample going through statistical method. Data collection means of this research is a questionnaire consisting of 40 measurements, classified on the basis of the Likert Scale. Results: Collected data by the said questionnaire has been processed using the Spss method. Chi-Squared and Friedman’s Test has been used for the analysis of data. According to the rating of the said four dimensions, technical dimension has been the most effective one in effective development of e-monitoring and structural, strategic and human dimensions stand next. Conclusion: The research results indicate that all dimensions, subject of study, are effective on the effective development of e-supervision. In concluding, certain guidelines have been presented for the effective development of e-monitoring accordingly.
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Rahim, Jan, and Pramod Matolia. "Empirical Analysis of Factors Effecting Brand Switching in Telecom Sector of Afghanistan." Kardan Journal of Economics and Management Sciences 2, no. 2 (2019): 60–83. https://doi.org/10.31841/KJEMS.2021.57.
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Telecommunication industry is growing dramatically along with increase in customer base. Given that the market is mature, the firms are in increasing pressure to retain their customers or steal the competitor’s customers in order to enhance their customer base. In fact, this has become one of strategies in this competitive environment. With this background, the present study aims to identify relationship between the factors that influence the customers to switch from their particular service providers to others and to access the problems generally faced by the service users and their satisfaction towards the different cell phone (GSM) service providers The study adopted quantitative methodology and population of study was telecom industry’s customers. The convenience sampling has been adopted to choose customers for the survey. The questionnaire has been developed for investigation of the factors that influence brand switching in the telecom industry of Afghanistan. Around 100 customers responded to the surveyed. Overall findings revealed that price, service quality, brand image and product feature are significant factors influencing consumers brand switching behavior in telecommunication industry among Afghanistan customers. Product features are the main reason as more the number of features that are being provided by a cellular network service provider, the more customers they can attract.
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Pakrad, Mahdi, and Reza Mohammad Kazemi . "Identifying Effective Factors on Technological Entrepreneurship in Iranian Nanotechnology SMEs." Information Management and Business Review 4, no. 8 (2012): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v4i8.1001.
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Technological entrepreneurship is the latest issue in the field of entrepreneurship and fostering competitive advantages in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) which has been received special attention. Given the lack of coherent literature review to apply technological strategies in SMEs, and also because of the role of technology based firms which are active in industries with new technologies, such as Nano-Technology industry, while the technological entrepreneurship literature review has been investigated, this article is principally intended to identify effective factors on technological entrepreneurship in Iranian Nanotechnology SMEs. The research methodology of the current article is a mixed one; in the qualitative stage, semi-structured and open interviews and investigation of related documents have been used, and in the quantitative stage, the questionnaire has been applied to gather data. In the research’s quantitative stage, a statistical population consisted of managers, expert employees of the case study have been considered, and the simple random sampling method has been used. In addition, in this stage, the questionnaires have been used as the data collection tool and the experts in the qualitative stage measured the research’s validity, and the questionnaire’s reliability has been approved through Cronbach’s alpha of 0.81. The mean analysis has been applied in this stage for the data analysis. The findings of this paper shows that the effective factors on technological entrepreneurship in Iranian Nanotechnology SMEs are categorizes in the four issues of “Internal Processesâ€, “Individual Factorsâ€, “Institutions†and “External Networksâ€.
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Li, J., and Kiyotaka Shibata. "On the Effective Solar Pathlength." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, no. 4 (2006): 1365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3682.1.
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Abstract The effects of atmospheric spherical curvature and refraction and their impact on radiative transfer have been studied. It is shown that formulas employed in GCMs for atmospheric curvature and refraction underestimate the effect of effective solar pathlength. A new parameterization is therefore proposed. It is emphasized that the atmospheric curvature effect on radiative transfer is a localized problem with height dependence. A method corresponding to the local effective pathlength factor is proposed. This rigorous scheme enables variations in both the pathlength and the gaseous amount along a solar direct beam to be accurately evaluated in the radiative transfer process. The results of the rigorous scheme can be used as the benchmark to the proposed parameterizations for the effective pathlength factor. It is found that the new parameterization proposed in this note has better results in flux and heating rates when compared to other parameterizations.
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Magopets, Olena, and Oleksandr Gai. "Administration of taxes in the system of factors ensuring the effective implementation of the tax policy of the state." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Economic Sciences, no. 9(42) (2023): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2663-1636.2023.9(42).90-99.
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The article is devoted to the study of the place and role of the tax administration mechanism in the system of factors ensuring the effective implementation of the state's tax policy. It was found that the tax policy is an important component of the socio-economic policy of each country. Based on the results of the research, it was established that the content of tax policy is revealed through a set of legal, economic and organizational measures of the state, which are implemented in the field of taxation and are aimed at forming a reliable financial basis for the functioning of the state, achieving positive changes in socio-economic development and protecting national interests in the conditions of globalization and integration processes. The basic principles of tax policy formation are substantiated, which recognize the following principles: adequacy of budget support; tax capacity; equal tension; system and internal integrity of taxation; stability of taxation; flexibility (elasticity) of taxation and efficiency of taxation. It is proven that the domestic tax policy is mostly focused on the implementation of the fiscal function of taxes, which reduces its effectiveness in the context of creating prerequisites for economic growth. The main shortcomings of Ukraine's tax policy have been identified, which are manifested in: lack of ranking of goals by their degree of importance and concentration of efforts on achieving the most important of them; unclear definition of the problems facing the country's economy; inefficient structure of the tax system; prevalence of indirect taxes; high level of tax burden and uneven distribution. It was found that the key element of the tax policy is the mechanism of tax administration, which is a set of interrelated management procedures, methods, functions and actions of an applied nature, carried out by tax authorities in a continuous cyclical process of implementing the tax policy of the state in order to ensure the mobilization of taxes and fees to the budgets of different levels. The main elements of tax administration aimed at ensuring the effective implementation of the state's tax policy (tax planning, tax audit, improvement of information systems, raising the level of tax culture, improving the qualifications of tax authorities, improving the quality of service to taxpayers) have been identified.
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Park, Jun-Seok* Park Geun-Hyung*. "FACTOR ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCING FACTORS IN THE RSMS FOR RAPID ROAD SNOW REMOVAL." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 8 (2018): 72–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1336690.
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The cost of road snow removal has increased constantly. Thus, it is necessary to establish a measure to increase the efficiency of the road snow removal system management, where a large amount of the budget is spent. It is also necessary to have the overall and systematic management of road snow removal meet the demands of qualitative improvements, such as convenience and safety enhancements for the road users. Since early 2015, a Road Snow-removal Management System (RSMS) has been adopted and operated by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport to manage the snow removal system efficiently. This paper aims to find the most important input factors for a rapid response during heavy snow and search for efficient measures to address these factors accordingly. To do this, this study utilizes the following variables: the amount of snow-removal equipment in the RSMS, the number of closed-circuit televisions, the number of personnel for snow removal work, the number of the snow removal agent warehouses, the number of emergent personnel, the number of snowfall days, the number of emergence working days, the number of snow removal working days, calcium chloride output, salt output, the number of heavy-snowfall warnings issued, and the amount of snow removal equipment, to produce the most effective solutions during heavy snowfall events through an exploratory factor analysis.