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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Faecal contamination'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Turner, Susan Jane. "Microbiological Indicators of Faecal Contamination in Aquatic Environments." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2375.

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1. The aim of this research was to determine appropriate microbial indicator systems for use in monitoring the occurrence and source of faecal contamination in aquatic environments. Particular emphasis has been placed on the identification of indicators which might enable faecal contamination of human origin to be distinguished from that of non-human derivation. Two lines of investigation have been pursued; the use of alternative microbial indicator systems for water quality monitoring, and the development of diagnostic molecular methods for identifying the origin of faecal organisms. 2. Field

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2

Miller, Layla. "Determining specific sources of faecal contamination within shellfisheries." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495762.

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3

Geary, Phillip M., University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and of Science Food and Horticulture School. "On-site system effluent source tracking using geochemical and microbial tracers in a coastal catchment." THESIS_CSTE_SFH_Geary_P.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/566.

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The principal aims of this thesis were to examine whether there were hydraulic links between individual on-site wastewater systems in sandy soils at Salt Ash and the Tilgerry Creek estuary near Port Stephens, New South Wales, and whether the chemical and microbiological contaminants from on-site systems could reach surface and groundwaters, and possibly lead to impacts on estuarine oyster growing waters. The research outcomes are contained within the thesis and in four refereed papers presented at conferences, and which have been subsequently published, or are in press. Copies of each of these

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4

Leeming, Rhys, and n/a. "Coprostanol and related sterols as tracers for feacal contamination in Australian aquatic environments." University of Canberra. School of Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 1996. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060816.172519.

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Pollution from human and animal faecal waste is a major cause of deteriorating water quality and increased nutrient loads in coastal and inland waterways. Management of this problem depends on knowing which sources of faecal matter are the cause and what is the degree and extent of the pollution. Bacterial indicator organisms have long been the principal method used to test water samples for faecal contamination. However, none of the currently used bacterial indicators on their own are source specific enough to distinguish different sources of faecal matter. The use of faecal sterol biomarkers

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5

Florini, Styliani. "Identification of species-specific source(s) of faecal contamination in Salcott Creek, Blackwater Estuary." Thesis, University of Essex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416715.

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6

Lang, Cassandra C., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Identification and metabolic characterization of host-specific enterococci for use in source-tracking faecal contamination." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2005, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/265.

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Metabolic were used to evaluate Enterococcus as an indicator of faecal pollution. Enterococci were isolated using m-Enterococcus agar and speciated using conventional biochemical tests. Forty percent of the isolates were identified and metabolically characterized by the automated Biolog system. The biochemical test scheme recognized 16 enterococcal species, while Biolog recognized nine. Both methods identified E. faecalis at the greatest frequency. Overall species frequencies varied between the two methods. Biolog was unable to identify 31% of the isolates; 7% of the isolates were unidentified

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7

Benselfelt, Tobias. "Flow Cytometry Sensor System Targeting Escherichia Coli as an Indicator of Faecal Contamination of Water Sources." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Teknisk biologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108004.

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Poor water quality is a global health concern affecting one billion people around the world. It is important to monitor water sources in order to maintain the quality of our drinking water and to avoid disease outbreaks. Targeting Escherichia coli as a faecal indicator is a widely used procedure, but the current methods are time consuming and not adequate to prevent spreading of faecal influence. This Master thesis demonstrates the development of a near infrared fluorescence flow cytometer sensor system targeting Escherichia coli, using fluorescently labeled chicken IgY antibodies. The near

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8

Luyt, Catherine Diane. "Faecal source tracking and water quality in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018242.

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Water quality is concerning as many still lack access to safe drinking water. Alternate sources such as rivers (FC up to 1600 CFUs/100 mL) and rainwater are often polluted. Rainwater tanks require maintenance to improve water quality, but could be used for non-potable purposes or irrigation. Grahamstown infrastructural failures initiate deviations from DWAF 1996 domestic water guidelines for microorganisms within the distribution system. Frequent testing can decrease risks of waterborne diseases. Limitations to this are inaccessibility of rural areas, distances from testing centres and costs.

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9

Huda, T. M. "Role of sanitation in preventing faecal contamination of the domestic environment and protecting health : an observational study." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2016. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/4189867/.

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This thesis assesses the potential public health significance of, sanitation quality and coverage by using microbiological indicator and secondary health outcome data. Sanitation was categorised using The Millennium Development Goal (MDG) definition of improved (private pit latrine with a slab or better) and unimproved (toilets connected to open, pit latrine without a slab, hanging toilet, shared toilets). A spot check of sanitation facilities was conducted in 460 target houses and 1,784 neighbouring houses. Faecal contamination of the household environment was assessed by looking for evidence

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10

Andreoletti, Mattia <1993&gt. "Implementing Remote Sensing technologies to assess the risk of faecal bacteria contamination in the northern Adriatic shellfish-farms." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15869.

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Questo elaborato nasce dall’opportunità di fornire uno strumento di comprensione ed applicazione efficiente delle normative europee sul tema food-security in campo di molluschicoltura, <<Regulation (EU) 2015/2285>>. Alla luce di questo obiettivo, viene analizzata la probabilità che diversi siti di molluschicoltura nel nord Adriatico siano interessati da fenomeni di contaminazione batterica fecale a seguito di eventi estremi, quali intense precipitazioni e piene fluviali. Sono implementate le tecnologie di telerilevamento per estrapolare variabili ambientali in grado di caratterizzare e disting

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11

Sheludchenko, Maxim. "Development and validation of novel methods for microbial source tracking based on Escherichia coli as an indicator of water quality." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46703/1/Maxim_Sheludchenko_Thesis.pdf.

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Microbial pollution in water periodically affects human health in Australia, particularly in times of drought and flood. There is an increasing need for the control of waterborn microbial pathogens. Methods, allowing the determination of the origin of faecal contamination in water, are generally referred to as Microbial Source Tracking (MST). Various approaches have been evaluated as indicatorsof microbial pathogens in water samples, including detection of different microorganisms and various host-specific markers. However, until today there have been no universal MST methods that could reliab

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12

Berman, Reva Lynne. "The prevalence of parasites due to faecal contamination of public parks and playgrounds in metropolitan Toronto, Ontario, Canada, a comparative study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0017/MQ45849.pdf.

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13

Maboza, Ernest J. M. "Toxicology and molecular epidemiology of microbes detected in surface water in the Western Cape: The Impact of Informal Settlement." University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4264.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc<br>Informal settlements are often implicated in surface water pollution with faecal matter. In most instances faecal pollution in the associated surface waters persists despite improvements in sewage removal infrastructure. This study evaluates the importance of investigating the water quality of the Plankenbrug River before it reaches Khayamnandi settlement by comparing water quality in spring and in winter upstream (Pre-Khayamnandi) and downstream (Post- Khayamnandi) from the settlement. In this study, faecal indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli and total coli

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14

Dixon, Lorraine Louise. "Microbiological Quality of Toroi: A Māori food delicacy." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2229.

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A study was undertaken to determine the food safety of the fermented Māori delicacy, Toroi. Ten batches of Toroi were prepared by a commonly used traditional method that consisted of boiling the vegetable component, either watercress or puha, and combining it with chopped mussel flesh. The mixture was cooled and then stored in a refrigerator for up to eight months to allow natural fermentation to take place. All ingredients were sourced from retail outlets. The Toroi was examined at intervals over eight months for a range of pathogens (seven in all) that have been related to incidents of f

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15

Nzang, Essono Francine. "Approche géomatique de la variabilité spatio-temporelle de la contamination microbienne des eaux récréatives." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10211.

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L’objectif général de cette thèse est de caractériser la dynamique des transferts des bactéries fécales à l’aide d’une modélisation spatio-temporelle, à l’échelle du bassin versant (BV) dans une région agricole et à l’échelle événementielle. Ce projet vise à mieux comprendre l'influence des processus hydrologiques, les facteurs environnementaux et temporels impliqués dans l’explication des épisodes de contamination microbienne des eaux récréatives. Premièrement, un modèle bayésien hiérarchique a été développé pour quantifier et cartographier les niveaux de probabilité des eaux à être contami

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16

Shinde, Prapti. "Estimation of Number of People Living in Developing Countries that Received Water from a Spring Source." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7940.

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In the year 2000, 170 countries decided to stand together and solve some primary and common global problems like poor health, water, and sanitation. Obtaining access to safe drinking water is every individual’s right. The UN defines safe drinking water as “the water required for each personal or domestic use must be safe, therefore free from micro-organisms, chemical substances and radiological hazards that constitute a threat to a person's health” (UNDESA, 2014). This thesis focuses on identifying the number of people who potentially receive spring water from a piped source in rural mountain

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17

Ottosson, Jakob. "Hygiene Aspects of Greywater and Greywater Reuse." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Land and Water Resources Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1551.

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<p>Greywater is domestic household wastewater without inputfrom the toilet, i.e. wastewater from sinks, the shower,washing machine and dishwasher in a home. Source separation ofgreywater can be a strategy to enhance recirculation of plantnutrients and/or improve water use. The risk for transmissionof disease when reusing greywater is largely dependent on thecross-contamination by faeces. High levels of faecalindicators, mainly thermotolerant coliform bacteria, have beenreported in greywater, indicating substantial faecal pollution.However, growth of indicator bacteria within the system leadsto

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18

Nguyen, Huong Thi Mai. "Faecal indicator bacteria and organic carbon in the Red River, Viet Nam : measurements and modelling." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066179/document.

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Dans de nombreux pays en développement, la qualité médiocre de l'eau constitue une menace majeure pour la santé humaine. Par ailleurs, le manque d'accès à l'eau potable et à l'assainissement sont un frein majeur au développement. La Fleuve Rouge est le deuxième plus grand fleuve au Vietnam et constitue la principale source d'eau pour la population du Nord-Vietnam. Cette thèse présente les résultats des observations et de la modélisation des bactéries indicatrices de la contamination fécales (BICF) et du carbone organique (CO) dans la Fleuve Rouge. Le modèle Seneque/RIVERSTRAHLER utilisant l’en

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19

Geary, Phillip M. "On-site system effluent source tracking using geochemical and microbial tracers in a coastal catchment." Thesis, View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/566.

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The principal aims of this thesis were to examine whether there were hydraulic links between individual on-site wastewater systems in sandy soils at Salt Ash and the Tilgerry Creek estuary near Port Stephens, New South Wales, and whether the chemical and microbiological contaminants from on-site systems could reach surface and groundwaters, and possibly lead to impacts on estuarine oyster growing waters. The research outcomes are contained within the thesis and in four refereed papers presented at conferences, and which have been subsequently published, or are in press. Copies of each of these

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20

Lotter, Marijke. "Assessment of microbial loads present in two Western Cape rivers used for irrigation of vegetables." Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4339.

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Thesis (MSc Food Sc (Food Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Agriculture in the Western Cape is not only one of the most important economic sectors but also provides many job opportunities. Over the last few years the sustainability of this successful industry has become threatened by the faecal pollution of rivers used to irrigate produce that will be consumed raw or after minimal processing. This situation not only poses an enormous risk to the health of the consumer but also to farmers who stand to lose their export licenses. The purpose of this study wa

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21

Jordan, lozano José. "Transmissions indirectes via l’environnement de pathogènes impliquées dans les gastroentérites aiguës de l’Homme à/autour de Bogotá (Colombie) Contamination of water, leafyvegetables and air by human enteric pathogens (GI and GII noroviruses, rotavirus type A, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Cryptosporidium spp.) in the suburb of Bogotá (Colombia) Mouse intestinal villi as a model system for studies of Norovirus infection." Thesis, Avignon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AVIG0359.

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Les gastroentérites aiguës affectent chaque année entre un quart et la moitié des personnes dans le Monde. Elles sont causes de morbidité, de mortalité et de coûts de santé importants. Leur transmission directe ou indirecte via l’eau, les aliments, l’air ou les surfaces inertes dépend de leur étiologie (virale, bactérienne ou parasitaire) et du contexte local. Bogotá et sa région présentent plusieurs spécificités : des eaux usées rejetées en rivière souvent sans ou après seulement un traitement primaire, la mise en décharge des papiers toilettes, couches et protections souillés par les excréme

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22

Bastien, Matthieu. "Contamination des terrains potagers par Echinococcus multilocularis, Toxoplasma gondii et Toxocara spp., parasites responsables de zoonoses transmises par l’alimentation." Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIMS005/document.

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Les canidés et félidés peuvent être hôtes définitifs d’Echinococcus multilocularis, Toxoplasma gondii ou Toxocara spp., parasites responsables de zoonoses transmissibles par l’alimentation. La consommation crue de fruits et légumes porteurs de leurs œufs ou oocystes peut être source de contamination humaine. Cette étude visait à évaluer et caractériser le risque d’exposition humaine lié au dépôt de fèces de chats, chiens et renards dans les terrains potagers localisés en régions d’endémie. Ce dépôt s’est avéré important dans certains potagers des Ardennes. De plus, l’ADN d’E. multilocularis et

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23

Da, Silva Abdou Malik. "Etude du rôle des hôtes définitifs impliqués dans la contamination environnementale par Echinococcus multilocularis en zone d’endémie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCE021.

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L’échinococcose alvéolaire demeure une zoonose en expansion malgré l’amélioration des mesures sanitaires, le changement des habitudes alimentaires et la diminution des populations des catégories socio-économiques les plus à risque. La contamination de l’environnement par Echinococcus multilocularis, le parasite responsable de cette zoonose, et le risque d’infection pour l’homme dépendent de la distribution des fèces des carnivores hôtes définitifs du parasite. Cette étude visait à caractériser la contribution des renards, chiens et chats dans la contamination environnementale par E. multilocul

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24

Murivhame, Lavhelesani Given. "Faecal contamination pathways and prevalence of diarrheal pathogens in rural households with and without improved sanitation facilities." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/990.

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25

Wutor, V. C., C. A. Togo, and B. I. Pletschke. "Suitability of total coliform beta-D-galactosidase activity and CFU counts in monitoring faecal contamination of environmental water samples." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006165.

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Total coliforms are a group of bacteria found in high numbers in mammalian intestines; hence their presence in water indicates the possible contamination with faecal material. Total and faecal coliform counts were monitored over a period of 18 months using mFC, m-Endo and CM1046 media together with enzymatic assays on 215 environmental water samples obtained from the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. A positive correlation, with an R2 value of 0.9393 was observed between faecal and total coliform colony units employing mFc and m-Endo media, and 0.8818 using CM1046 media. Also, a positive

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26

Nguyen, Tuan Dang, and 湯南. "An intervention study to reduce the faecal (E. coli) contamination of household drinking water in a mountainous area, Lao Cai province, Vietnam." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28883571376911624774.

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碩士<br>國立陽明大學<br>公共衛生研究所<br>99<br>Objective: Point-of-use chlorination in combination with safe water storage of drinking water have been implemented in some developing countries and proven to improve quality of the water and could reduce diarrheal illness. We conducted a small scale intervention study to compare the effectiveness of AQUATAB chlorination plus safe storage vs. safe storage alone in a Northern mountainous province of Vietnam with the aim of reducing E.coli contamination of household drinking water. Methods: A total of 100 households with children less than 5 were selected in thi

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27

Flor, Eduardo Rafael de Lima. "Desinfeção aplicada aos cones de guta-percha." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5448.

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Introdução: Ao longo do tempo o Tratamento Endodôntico Não Cirúrgico tem sido das áreas da Medicina Dentária que mais tem evoluído. Todos os passos do tratamento têm sido revistos de forma a aumentar a taxa de sucesso. O controlo microbiológico é crucial para que o tratamento seja um sucesso a curto, médio e longo prazo. A assepsia deve ser mantida em todas as fases deste tratamento para que este seja um sucesso. Objetivo: Ao longo do meu percurso académico pude concluir que a fase da descontaminação dos cones, aquando a obturação (fase final do Tratamento Endodôntico Não Cirúrgico) er

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