Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fagis sylvatica'
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Dounavi, Aikaterini. "Familienstrukturen in Buchenbeständen (Fagus sylvatica)." Göttingen, 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961525215.
Full textGALLOIS, ANITA. "Vers la discrimination des hetres communs (fagus sylvatica l. ) et des hetres tortillards (fagus sylvatica l. Var tortuosa pepin) : etudes cytologiques et moleculaires au sein de l'espece fagus sylvatica." Reims, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REIMS015.
Full textCeschia, Eric. "Environmental effects on spatial and seasonal variations of stem respiration in European beech and Norway spruce /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2001. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2001/91-576-6303-3.pdf.
Full textNicolini, Eric. "Approche morphologique du développement du hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L. )." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00106751.
Full textdescription du développement architectural du hêtre depuis le stade de la graine jusqu'à la mort de la
plante dans différents environnements. Cette étude a permis d'émettre et de préciser certaines
hypothèses à propos de la signification de certaines phases du développement du hêtre. L'édification de
l'unité architecturale correspond à la mise en place d'un système caulinaire hiérarchisé de plus élaboré,
constitué d'unités de croissance plus longues, plus ramifiées, mais aussi des u.c. qui, pour une longueur
définie, portent plus de feuilles, des feuilles plus grandes, plus épaisses, renferment plus de xylème et de
phloème facilitant le transport des sèves brutes ou élaborées - Autant d'éléments qui semblent contribuer à
accroître les performances de la plante. Le terme de cette différenciation correspond à l'atteinte des limites
fonctionnelles des méristèmes de la plante. Cet arrêt de la différenciation des unités de croissance semble à
l'origine de la transition graduelle de la plante d'un mode d'organisation faisant intervenir des complexes
réitérés. L'analyse architecturale du hêtre confirme également le clivage existant entre les différentes
modalités de réitération. Le processus de réitération immédiate, phénomène de duplication, n'intègre pas
de phénomène de rajeunissement et il y a continuité de la séquence de développement des structures
caulinaires lors de la transition d'une phase de développement à l'autre. En revanche, Le processus de
réitération différée intègre des phénomènes de rajeunissement qui expriment une discontinuité entre la
différenciation des structures caulinaires séquentielles et celles de structures tardives (rameaux
épicormiques).
Winwood, Joanna Louise. "Cytokinins and oxidative stress in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612053.
Full textLiegl, Ingrid. "UV-B-Induzierte Genexpression bei der Buche Fagus sylvatica L." Diss., lmu, 2000. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-513.
Full textLiegl, Ingrid. "UV-B-induzierte Genexpression bei der Buche Fagus sylvatica L." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1999. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963609491.
Full textNord, Niklas, and Robin Sundqvist. "Brandskydd av bok (Fagus sylvatica L.) impregnerat med fenolharts och ammoniumdivätefosfat." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för skog och träteknik (SOT), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104991.
Full textLukošius, Tomas. "Paprastojo buko (Fagus sylvatica L.) paplitimas, medynų sudėtis ir struktūra Norkaičių girininkijoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130621_144240-76293.
Full textFinal work searching simplex beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) spreading, trees composition and structure in Norkaiciai district. The object of the study – simplex beech trees in Norkaičiai district. Method of the study: trees with beech Norkaičiai district was choose in two blocks - 66 (3;4 plots) and 67 (1;2 plots) because there was a lot of simplex beech. Choose these: pure beech (1 plot Bu1-1); pine trees with beech (4 plots Bu3-1, Bu3-2, Bu4-1 Bu4-2); oak with beech (two plots Bu2-1-; Bu2-2). Was arrange circle analysis plots, there was establish trees structure, diferences layer characteristic, glade and forest kind speading and adbundance of plants. Results of the study. Maxima simplex beech stat in area esset in 1991 - 38,4 ha hospitiis et spontanea lignum plantationis herba. Beech stet aperta mediocris aetatis - 75, diametrum - 25,1 cm 25,8 cm altum, basalibus area - 25,1 m2/ ha, Volume - 295 m3/ha. Pure beech (10800 vnt/ha) and maple (200 vnt/ha) trees. Pinus with second beech layer 70 years, diametrum – 28,2 cm, fagus quatit mediocris altitudo - 28,1 m, coronam basalibus area - 23,2 m2/ha, Volume -291 m3/ha. In these area was most maple trees (46000 vnt/ha), beech (200 vnt.ha). Oak with second beech layer 70 years old, altitudo diametrum - 16,7 cm, in mediocris altitudo fagus - 23,9 m corona basalibus area - 17,1 m2/ha, Volume 194 m3/ha.
Weidig, Johannes. "Qualitätsentwicklung von Buchenvoranbauten (Fagus sylvatica L.) nach unplanmäßigem, sturmbedingtem Verlust des Fichtenschirms." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-206721.
Full textBackround and Objectives In the course of forest conversion European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is introduced in spruce monocultures by advanced planting. Management of beech stands aims mostly on production the of high quality timber. In this context, the shelterwood of spruce officiates as an instrument for controlling resource availability and thus to qualify advanced planted beech. But because of low-thinning treatment in past, most spruce stands do not provide suitable conditions for long-term shelterwood with regard to their missing stability. The situation of forest damage due to periodic windthrow events illustrate this impressively and show need for action. Therefore, the present study analyzed the consequences of an unplanned, storm-related loss of canopy for growth and quality of advanced planted beech. In this context, the influence of stand density and developmental stage of advanced regeneration will be examined as well. Material and Methods In two model regions "Thuringian Forest” (middle of Germany) and "Saxon Oremountains” (East of Germany) quality investigations (cf. BÖRNER ET AL. 2003) were carried out on a total of 29 advanced planted beech stands. In 17 of these stands the spruce canopy was mostly completely thrown by hurricane KYRILL in January of 2007. Thus, the beech trees have grown without shelter since then. The other advanced regeneration stands are still under spruce canopy and serve as a reference for growth and quality. A developmental stage (before or after thicket-stage) was designated to each advanced planting site in reference to the time of overhead canopy release. For representative and objective definition of experimental plots a grid-based plotdesign was used. The square grid with distance of 20 m was calibrated by GPS in the field. The grid inter-sections built the centers of 19.95 m² circular sample areas (plot radius 2.52 m). Data was collected on a total of 204 representative plots. On each plot, the number of beech plants was collected and extrapolated to hectare values. In addition, the canopy closure was also estimated for reference plots within the sample plots. For data collection only plots with moderate canopy closure were included (maximum area of canopy gaps: one crown projection). Data collection was carried out at maximum of six highest trees per plot. Thus it is concentrated on (pre-) dominant and therefore most vital individuals. This resulted in a sample size of 895 trees. The data collection was started after growing season in 2012, six years after canopy release. Mathematical and statistical analysis Due to spatially nested plot design Mixed Models have been applied preferably. Depending on scale level of the response variable and given distribution type, Linear Mixed Models (LMM) or Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) were used. Multinomial data with fixed order of response categories was analyzed with an extended logistic regression model, the Proportional Odds Logistic Regression (POLR). These calculations were implemented by statistical software R (version 3.0.1). Results • Growth and reaction of annual increment: Six years after the storm event there is no significant difference in height between beech trees on storm areas and such under shelterwood. However the annual increment of terminal shoot rose from the second year after release, so the trend of increment deviates significantly from beech trees under shelterwood. High stand density in advanced planting promotes height growth. Diameter growth benefits significantly more from release compared to height growth. So released beech trees showed significantly larger root collar diameters. Reaction of radial increment, which began immediately after release, was appropriately intensive. The thickest living branch shows synchronous trend of increment, but on a lower level. Regardless of canopy cover high stand densities delimitate diameter growth. The H/D-ratio demonstrated that beech trees under shelterwood and in high density stands showed more slender forms. There was no difference between the two developmental stages. • Branchiness and natural pruning: Six years after the loss of spruce canopy significantly greater branch diameters in combination with steeper branch angles were found on released beech trees. With increasing stand density in advanced planting the beeches showed finer branches while branch angles remain unaffected. ASIX and the density of living branches decreases appreciably for released trees only, so reached lower values than trees under shelterwood by stand densities off 8.500 pcs/ha and 6.000 pcs/ha, respectively. There was no difference of release effect between the developmental stages. Number of dead branches and bole-length without living branches however, were not affected by loss of canopy. However more dead branches were found on beeches in the opening. With increasing stand density in advanced planting, the number and diameter of dead branches and bole-length without living branches increased significantly. This was most distinct for beech stands that reached thicket-stage before release. • Stem- and crown shape, number of crop tree candidates: Six years after canopy-loss, released beeches showed significantly more steep branches and especially forks. Released stands before thicket-stage showed two to three times as likely deep-forks in relation to stands under spruce canopy. With increasing stand density in advanced planting the number of forks per trees decreased moderately, the proportion of deep-forks even rapidly. In consequence, regardless of the canopy cover, deep-forks only occurred marginally in beech stands after thicket-stage with at least 9.000 pcs./ha. The expert quality estimation confirms that on average about 60–70 % of beeches on KYRILL sites belong to a “fork type”, while under spruce shelterwood (very) good shapes dominate with about 90 %. With increasing stand density, the proportion of good shapes tends to increase, however not significantly. The estimated quality class showed a very high correlation with the modeled one, based on ASIX, branch angle and fork number per beech. The density of crop tree candidates under spruce canopy is basically six times as high as in released stands. However, regardless of shelterwood it increases significantly with stand density. Conclusion and silvicultural implication: Spruce canopy is of outstanding importance for quality and differentiation of advance planted beech. A moderate shelterwood is the appropriate compromise between vital growth and good quality development. Regardless of any other factors, a sudden and unplanned loss of canopy effects a loss of quality of shade adapted beech trees. Very good qualities, that means straight to top trees with fine, horizontally oriented branches and timely self-pruning, can only be achieved by combining of long-term shelterwood and stand densities in advanced planting of at least 6.000–8.000 pcs./ha. Compensation of the release effect through high stand density in advanced planting is only possible to a very limited extent. High intraspecific competition cannot replace the lack of shelterwood. Beech shapes were far worse than under shelterwood, even at the highest stand density. This applies regardless of the developmental stage of a beech stand. So closing of advanced planted beech stand (thicket-stage) does not prevent release related quality losses. However, plant densities from 8.000–9.000 pcs./ha ensure that deep fork formation in closed beech thickets is largely suppressed and a sufficient number of crop tree candidates is available, even after abrupt release. Once an abrupt loss of canopy above advanced planted beech has occurred, there are hardly any opportunities to actively engage in favor of beech quality. The only chance is maintenance of existing crop tree candidates and their consistent care. Therefore, for future forest conversion with beech, a site- and risk-differentiated approach is recommended for advanced planting. This should be based firstly on the stability of shelterwood. Only with high stand stability, the target of high-grade beech-timber is realistic, so costly beech plantings with high stand density mentioned above should be applied. For spruce stand with an obvious (very) high risk towards bark beetles and / or storms, an extensive advanced planting with reduced stand density is preferable. In terms of “Sustainability-conversion” this aims primarily on stabilizing forest ecosystems and increasing flexibility for future forest management (WAGNER 2007, 2008)
Druelle, Jean-Louis. "Ontogenese in situ des bourgeons du hetre commun (fagus sylvatica l. ) et du hetre tortillard de verzy (fagus sylvatica l. Var. Tortuosa pepin). Application a la regeneration in vitro." Reims, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REIMS001.
Full textChapela, Mendoza I. H. "Structure and development of fungal communities in attached beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) branches." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378393.
Full textLebaube, Stéphanie. "Bilan de carbone et croissance du hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L. ) en conditions naturelles." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10189.
Full textGrundmann, Britt. "Dendroklimatologische und dendroökologische Untersuchungen des Zuwachsverhaltens von Buche und Fichte in naturnahen Mischwäldern." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1243414382782-85130.
Full textAgainst the background of a changing environment due to climate change the interest in prognoses of the development of forest ecosystems increases. The growth and the vitality of forest tree species will mainly be influenced by increased frequency of extreme weather conditions. The analysis of the physiological limits of tree growth has to be conducted at the borders of the natural distribution range of species. Main focus lies on economical important tree species as Common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.).Growth and competition performance of these two species was investigated under natural conditions in naturally grown mixed forests at both species distribution limits in Southern Sweden (Rågetaåsen, Siggaboda, Tolseboda). As a reference a natural forest in the Harz Mountains (Rehberg) was chosen. By means of dendroclimatological methods the main influencing climate variables and their modifications over time were analysed. Dendroecological methods allow the retrospective analysis of forest history and the development of the competition behaviour of both species in the past. These analyses were conducted on two levels: stand level and plot level. The latter permits the analysis of direct competition situations, intra- and interspecific. By means of these retrospective methods potential trends might be detected and thus allow forecasts for the development of forest stands on comparable sites. Dendroclimatological analyses showed, that both tree species exhibit interesting variability in its main influencing climate variables. The radial growth of beech is mainly determined by warm-dry summers of the previous year with focus on July and August. This influence increases since the 1950s and even stronger since the mid 1990s. Main factor for spruce growth was summer precipitation with focus an June. This influence nearly vanished on all sites since the 1950s. Since then the main climate signal of spruce growth is a sensitivity to drought of previous summers, equally to beech. The retrospective analysis of forest history by means of long-term tree-ring series allows an interpretation of past development of the forest stands and provides explanations for the current appearance. On the Swedish sites the advance of spruce in radial as in height growth is obvious. In Siggaboda and Tolseboda beech even forms the secondary species. These sites lie beyond northern limits of Fagus forests but within Fagus-Picea forests. The advantage of spruce is considerable. Though, on the reference site Rehberg the high potential of beech, to achieve comparable tree-ring widths, is distinct. Here, the competition performance is nearly balanced. At borders of naturally grown pure groups direct competition situations between the species can be found. It could be shown, that beech is disadvantaged under immediate competition with spruce. But in inverse situations, spruce, depending on its social state, even benefits of growing in mixture with beech. These results can be found on the Swedish sites as well as in the Harz Mountains, though, beech at the Rehberg shows a much higher potential to stand against the competition of spruce. Singular impacts of extreme weather conditions on tree growth can be clearly, but in most cases growth is regulated one year later. However, future challenge for tree species will be the increased frequency of extreme conditions without phases of recovery. In the past decade secondary complications of drought and its influence on growth could already be detected. This affects both species similarly. Does a species get disadvantaged due to such situations, would mean that it reaches its physiological limits. In Siggaboda this could be already shown for spruce and at the Rehberg for beech. As a result this study shows, that the competition situation between beech and spruce has begun to change since the last two decades. On exposed sites as the Rehberg, beech trees might reach its physiological limits. On the Swedish sites, however, beech trees could benefit from warm summers and prolonged vegetation periods. In contrast, spruce probably has reached its southern, climatically determined distribution limit of boreal forests
Dejan, Stojanović. "Uticaj klimatskih promena na vezivanje ugljenika, rast i biodiverzitet bukovih šuma u Srbiji." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2014. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=86412&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textPredictions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change suggest that the region of Southeast Europe will be strongly influenced by the altered climate conditions in 21 century. It is expected that the summers will be hotter and drier with more extreme events and temperatures that can rise on average as much as 3.8 °C. That is a big challenge for forestry. To respond to this challenge it is necessary to make and implement appropriate adaptation measures which would mean adapting forest management practice to changed environmental conditions. Different models are one of the important tools which can be used in this purpose. In this dissertation state-of-the art methods for calculating the impact of climate change on forests have been applied. This is a pioneering work and the first of its kind in the region. Two different methodological approaches, related to the distribution, growth, adaptive and multifunctional management of European beech forests in Serbia has been performed and provided following results and conclusions. Changed climatic conditions will have an impact on the growth and distribution of beech forests in 21st century based on simulations with the 4C model and predictions of Ellenberg’s climate quotient (EQ). At the end of the simulated period 2001-2030 higher volumes were recorded for the nine beech stands in comparison to the reference period 1961 to 1990, while the volume at the end of the period 2071-2100 were higher or similar to the reference period. Simulations in the period 2001-2030 have had the greatest average annual increment and the biggest amount of dead wood. The best results for carbon sequestration and biodiversity were provided by management scenario in which there were no management measures. In contrast, the highest yield of timber is recorded in the scenarios with the most intensive management measures. The adaptive multifunctional management of beech forests including three scenarios of preferences’ (Forest Directorate , Nature Protection Sector and Public Enterprise "Srbijašume" ) suggested that management measures that involved more frequent interventions (five years between felling) givesbetter results than scenario which include a ten-year periods. Scenarios in which higher trees are cut provide better results than scenario where the lower trees are cut. EQ showed good predictive capability for determining the lower (xeric) limit of the distribution of beech forests in Serbia. By the end of 21st century, approximately 90 % of today's beech forests will be found outside the bioclimatic niches in which they were in the 20th century, while the 50 % of them will be in the zone in which their mass mortality is observed in Hungary. Calculated EQ beech threshold distribution for Serbia were slightly lower than in similar studies in the region (Hungary) , which implies strict regional and local approach to the problem. Comparison of simulated results with the 4C model and EQ for nine stands showed different trends related to growth (distribution) of beech forests in Serbia by the end of 21st century. 4C model predicted improvement of environmental conditions, while the EQ predicted their worsening. For this reason, continuing long-term studies of beech forests are needed in order to get a more reliable basis for estimating future distribution, growth and planning of forest management in the future.
Pfriem, Alexander, Melanie Horbens, Mario Beyer, and Jana Peters. "Untersuchung von Extraktstoffen aus thermisch modifizierter Rotbuche (Fagus sylvatica L.) auf ihre fungizide Wirkung." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-39650.
Full textCertain extractives from thermally modified beech have fungicidal properties. Methanol extracts, resolubilized in propanone, caused a significant retardation of fungal growth on native beech specimen. Beech specimen impregnated with these extractives could be assigned to the durability class 4, i. e. not permanent. Other extracts of thermally modified beech, in particular water extracts, did not show significant improvement in resistance. The analysis of methanol extracts using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed an increased amount of phenolic compounds known to increase resistance. Their presence in organic extracts of thermally modified wood may explain the improvement of the resistance of the impregnated specimen. The original publication is available at www.holztechnologie.de
Betz, Gunter Andreas. "Regulation des Shikimatstoffwechsels der europäischen Buche (Fagus sylvatica L.) unter dem Einfluss von Ozon." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=980304989.
Full textBienz, Penelope. "Genetic variation of growth, form and wood properties of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)." Thesis, Bangor University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285466.
Full textPfriem, Alexander, Melanie Horbens, Mario Beyer, and Jana Peters. "Untersuchung von Extraktstoffen aus thermisch modifizierter Rotbuche (Fagus sylvatica L.) auf ihre fungizide Wirkung." Technische Universität Dresden, 2009. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A25361.
Full textCertain extractives from thermally modified beech have fungicidal properties. Methanol extracts, resolubilized in propanone, caused a significant retardation of fungal growth on native beech specimen. Beech specimen impregnated with these extractives could be assigned to the durability class 4, i. e. not permanent. Other extracts of thermally modified beech, in particular water extracts, did not show significant improvement in resistance. The analysis of methanol extracts using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed an increased amount of phenolic compounds known to increase resistance. Their presence in organic extracts of thermally modified wood may explain the improvement of the resistance of the impregnated specimen. The original publication is available at www.holztechnologie.de.
Lalagüe, Hadrien. "Genetic response of tree population to spatial climatic variation : an experimental genomic and simulation approach in Fagus sylvatica populations along altitudinal gradients." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20042/document.
Full textA major challenge in population genetics is to understand the local adaptation process in natural population and so to disentangle the various evolution forces contributing to local adaptation. The experimental studies on local adaption generally resort to altitudinal gradients that are characterized by strong environmental changes across short spatial scales. Under such condition, the genetic differentiation of the functional trait (measured by the Qst) as well as the genes coding for trait (measured by Fstq) are expected to be mainly driven by selection and gene flow. Genetic drift and mutation are expected to have minor effect. Theoretic studies showed a decoupling between Qst and Fst under strong gene flow and / or recent selection. In this study, I tested this hypothesis by combining experimental and modelling genomic approach in natural population of Fagus sylvatica separated by ~3 kilometres and under contrasted environments.Sampling was conducted in south-eastern France, a region known to have been recently colonised by F.sylvatica. Four naturally-originated populations were sampled at both high and low elevations along two altitudinal gradients. Populations along the altitudinal gradients are expected to be subjected to contrasting climatic conditions. Fifty eight candidate genes were chosen from a databank of 35,000 ESTs according to their putative functional roles in response to drought, cold stress and leaf phenology and sequenced for 96 individuals from four populations that revealed 581 SNPs. Classical tests of departure of site frequency spectra from expectation and outlier detection tests that accounted for the complex demographic history of the populations were used. In contrast with the mono-locus tests, an approach for detecting selection at the multi-locus scale have been tested.The results from experimental approaches were highly contrasted according the method highlighting the limits of those method for population loosely differentiated and spatially close. The modelling approach confirmed the results from the experimental data but revealed that up to 95% of the SNPs detected as outliers were false positive. The multi-locus approach revealed that the markers coding for the trait are differentially correlated compared to the neutral SNPs. But this approach failed to detect accurately the markers coding for the trait if no a priori knowledge is known about them. The modelling approach revealed that genetic changes may occur across very few generation. But while this genetic adaptation is measurable at the trait level, the available method for detecting genetic adaptation at the molecular level appeared to be greatly inaccurate. However, the multi-locus approach provided much more promise for understanding the genetic basis of local adaptation from standing genetic variation of forest trees in response to climate change
Lang, Stefan [Verfasser]. "Ökophysiologische und anatomische Untersuchungen zum Saftfluss in verschiedenen Splintholzbereichen von Fagus sylvatica L. / Stefan Lang." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 1999. http://d-nb.info/1013871561/34.
Full textLöf, Magnus. "Environmental stress on establishment and growth in Fagus sylvatica L. and Quercus robur L. seedlings /." Alnarp : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5625-8.pdf.
Full textHilton, G. M. "Masting, natural regeneration and effects of defoliation in Quercus robur L. and Fagus sylvatica L." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383631.
Full textBen, Driss Amraoui Mohammed. "Absorption, assimilation et transport de l'azote inorganique (NO-NH+) chez le hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L.)." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611793k.
Full textBeimgraben, Thorsten. "Auftreten von Wachstumsspannungen im Stammholz der Buche (Fagus sylvatica L.) und Möglichkeiten zu deren Verminderung." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10047807.
Full textHacket, Pain Andrew John. "Investigations into the response of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) to climatic variability using dendrochronology." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648706.
Full textE, Silva Daniel. "Ecologie du hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L.) en marge sud-ouest de son aire de distribution." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10136/document.
Full textIn Europe, climatic series show a global warming and an increase in frequency of summer drought. Climate is considered to be the main factor determining forest species distribution. Consequently, the zones where species are more prone to disappear in Europe are the southern margins, where current climatic conditions are the warmest and the driest of their range. So, an improved understanding of growth and health of forest tree species in these border areas becomes more than a challenge, a necessity. European beech (Fagus sylvatica), a major tree species of European forests with a broad ecological niche, represents a model species for such studies. Recent works based on statistical modelling suggested a sharp reduction of its distribution towards its core range, under future climates. Current presence of the species in lowlands strongly decreases in the south-west of France which corresponds to its southern margin in Western Europe. In this zone, spots of beech trees are however still observed in inventory databases, few stand declines have been noted and the modelled probability of presence of the species under current climate is not null. We therefore thought to redefine the distribution range concept using various descriptors and to characterize climatic, microclimatic and soil constraints that control the niche of this species
Koch, Nina. "Skalierung innerhalb ontogenetischer Stadien und Wachstumsszenarien von Buche (Fagus sylvatica) und Fichte (Picea abies) unter Ozoneinfluss." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=978931394.
Full textStrobel, Jörg. "Die Atmung der verholzten Organe von Altbuchen (Fagus sylvatica L.) in einem Kalk- und einem Sauerhumusbuchenwald." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974033421.
Full textHendry, Steven John. "Strip-cankering in relation to the ecology of Xylariaceae and Diatrypaceae in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432954.
Full textMay, Christoph. "Nutzung von Ammonium und Nitrat durch Rotbuche (Fagus sylvatica L.) und Traubeneiche (Quercus petraea [Mattf.] Liebl.) /." Bayreuth : Bayreuther Institut für Terrestrische Ökosystemforschung (BITÖK), 1999. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/315267305.pdf.
Full textKuklová, Alena. "Hodnocení provenienční plochy VÚLHM s bukem lesním (Fagus sylvatica L.) na lokalitě Jíloviště, Baně (střední Čechy)." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-260724.
Full textPLANCHAIS, ISABELLE. "Modelisation de la croissance et de l'architecture du jeune hetre (fagus sylvatica l. ) : effet de l'eclairement." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112421.
Full textMerzeau, Dominique. "Estimation des paramètres du mode de reproduction et des structures génétiques du hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L. )." Bordeaux 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR10592.
Full textBradley, Lee Richard. "New insights into the history of Fagus Sylvatica L. in European forest stands during the Holocene." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539560.
Full textGrigutytė, Reda. "Nitellopsis obtusa (Desv.) J. Groves ląstelių atsakas į alochtoninius stresorius – Fagus sylvatica L. ir Quercus robur L. lapų paklotės ekstraktus." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100527_135027-07045.
Full textAqueous extracts of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and European oak (Quercus robur L.) leaves from leaf litter were used as allochthonous source of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to investigate cell response of starry stonewort (Nitellopsis obtusa (Desv.) J. Groves) at enzymatic, cell membrane and whole cell levels. Dose and time dependent exposure experiments with leaf litter extracts including 30 day leaf litter degradation ones, were carried out to show activity modulations of oxidative stress enzymes, cell resting potential (RP) and survivorship. Charophytes manifested a certain level of antioxidative resilience depending on the DOC source. Relatively more sensitive reactions were detected at enzymatic level, however, to identify irreversible cell RP changes and lethality, higher than those of natural aquatic bodies DOC concentrations or prolonged exposure were needed. Changes in activities of oxidative stress enzymes and cell membrane potential invoked by extracts predicted cell mortality, which allowed us to presume causality between more sensitive initial reactions and lethality. By linking lake and lake shore ecosystems it was concluded that beech and oak leaf litter has the potential to adversely affect algae and, thus, might eventually be important environmental factor impacting aquatic vegetation species diversity in freshwater ecosystems.
Grigutytė, Reda. "Nitellopsis obtusa (desv.) J. Groves cell response to allochtonous stressors of fagus sylvatica l. And quercus robur l. Leaf litter extracts." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100527_135136-45557.
Full textGrindžiant sąsajas tarp ežero ir paežerės ekosistemų ir remiantis tuo, kad medžių lapų paklotės irimo produktai yra alochtoninės ištirpusios organinės anglies (IOA) šaltinis, buvo tiriamas paprastojo buko (Fagus sylvatica L.) ir paprastojo ąžuolo (Querqus robur L.) lapų vandeninių ekstraktų poveikis žvaigždėtojo maurašakio (Nitellopsis obtusa (Desv.) J. Groves) ląstelei fermentiniu, plazmalemos ir ląstelės gyvybingumo lygmeniu. Koncentracinėmis ir laiko priklausomybėmis parodyta, kad ekstraktai, tarp jų ir gauti per 30 dienų savaiminio lapų irimo, sukelia oksidacinio streso fermentų aktyvumo ir ląstelės membranos potencialo pakitimus bei ląstelių žūtį – taip preziumuojamas priežastinis ryšys tarp ankstyvųjų reakcijų ir letalumo. Santykinai jautresnės reakcijos vyko fermentiniame lygmenyje, negrįžtamiems ląstelės membranos ramybės potencialo pokyčiams ir mirtingumui aptikti reikia didesnių nei aptinkamų gamtiniuose vandens telkiniuose IOA koncentracijų arba ilgesnės poveikio trukmės. Tai leidžia manyti, kad paklotės lapai yra svarbus aplinkos veiksnys, turintis įtakos vandens augalijos rūšinei įvairovei gėlavandenėse ekosistemose.
Hoppe, Björn [Verfasser], and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Bauhus. "Microbial diversity and community structure in deadwood of Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies (L.) H. Karst." Freiburg : Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1119246814/34.
Full textSagheb-Talebi, Khosro. "Quantitative und qualitative Merkmale von Buchenjungwüchsen (Fagus sylvatica L.) unter dem Einfluss des Lichtes und anderer Standortsfaktoren /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1995. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=11257.
Full textBulušek, Daniel. "Struktura, vývoj a pěstování smrko-bukových porostů v západních Krkonoších." Doctoral thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-259708.
Full textMaringer, Janet [Verfasser], and Giselher [Akademischer Betreuer] Kaule. "Resistance and resilience of European beech forests (Fagus sylvatica L.) after forest fire / Janet Maringer ; Betreuer: Giselher Kaule." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1124465898/34.
Full textVolkenant, Kerstin. "Totholz als Lebensraum von Mycozönosen im fortschreitenden Zersetzungsprozess : eine Chronosequenzstudie an Fagus-sylvatica-Totholz im Nationalpark Kellerwald-Edersee /." Göttingen, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015705119&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textDobson, Martin C. "Fluxes to, and effects of Oâ†3 and SOâ†2 on Picea sitchensis, P. abies, and Fagus sylvatica." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.258232.
Full textFlorián, Tomáš. "Vyhodnocení růstu výsadeb buku lesního (Fagus sylvatica L.) v závislosti na použitém sadebním materiálu a stanovištně ekologických podmínkách." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-257870.
Full textBadeau, Vincent. "Etude dendroécologique du hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L. ) sur les plateaux calcaires de Lorraine. Influence de la gestion sylvicole." Nancy 1, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1995_0033_BADEAU.pdf.
Full textBen, Driss Amraoui Mohammed. "Absorption, assimilation et transport de l'azote inorganique (NO : :(3-) et NH::(4+)) chez le hêtre (Fagus Sylvatica L.)." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10075.
Full textNoyer, Estelle. "Réponses des perches de hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L.) à l’ouverture de la canopée : approche multidisciplinaire et multi-échelle." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AGPT0008.
Full textOpening of the canopy exhibits advantages (resources availability) but also new constraints (wind, higher evaporative demand). Rather well documented in saplings, response dynamics to canopy opening is less known in large trees. The thesis aims to identify the dynamics of responses to canopy opening in beech trees suppressed during long periods. Adopted approach is multi-disciplinary and multi-scale, based on a retrospective analysis of axial and radial growth, anatomy and biomechanical traits. For suppressed trees, the competition for light results in preferential allocation of biomass to axial growth in comparison with radial growth resulting in trees with high slenderness. Moreover, one third of suppressed trees are sagging. After the release, high slenderness presents a biomechanical risk: 15 from 36 trees are broken by the wind two years after the release. To increase their safety against the wind-break, trees reduce their axial growth during four years after the release and boost their radial growth reaching a stabilisation plateau after two years likely due to the size and resources limitations. Trees with lean angle higher than 6° up-right after the release. The tree ring hydraulic conductivity increases and stabilises after two years also. The dynamics of responses to canopy opening are therefore clearly trait dependent. Moreover, integrative approach highlighted the importance of size in the responses to canopy opening: while saplings adjust both wood tissue properties and tree geometry, large trees rely only on geometry adjustments
Sliai, Abdallah. "Contribution à l'étude de la variabilité du hêtre (fagus sylvatica l. ) dans les Vosges : aspects genecologiques et génétiques." Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN10128.
Full textArnstadt, Tobias. "Die Rolle oxidativer Pilzenzyme für die Totholzzersetzung und die Zersetzungsdynamik von Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies und Pinus sylvestris." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-225002.
Full textIn forest ecosystems, deadwood is an important component that provides habitat and substrate for numerous organisms, contributes to the carbon and nutrient cycle as well as serves as a structural element. Overcoming the lignin barrier is a key process in deadwood degradation. Only specialized saprotrophic fungi of the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota developed different strategies – the rot types – to degrade lignin or to modify it in way, which allows them to get access to the polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicelluloses) that are incrusted within the lignocellulosic complex. In this context, basidiomycetous white rot fungi secreting oxidative enzymes (especially laccases and peroxidases) are of particular importance, since they are the only organisms that are able to substantially mineralize lignin to carbon dioxide (CO2). Although lignin degradation is such an important process for deadwood degradation, oxidative enzyme activities have been only poorly studied under natural conditions in deadwood. The aim of this work was to verify the importance of oxidative enzymes for deadwood degradation in the field, to describe their temporal and spatial patterns of occurrence and to identify dependencies from deadwood variables as well as from the fungal community within and on deadwood. Furthermore, the changes of different deadwood variables were studied over the whole period of degradation and compared among three tree species. Last but not least, the influence of forest management intensity on the process of deadwood degradation was evaluated. Therefor, 197 logs of naturally occurring deadwood (coarse woody debris, CWD) of Fagus sylvatica (European beech), Picea abies (Norway spruce) and Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) were monitored and sampled in forests with different management regimes across three regions in Germany. A total of 735 samples were taken from the logs and analyzed regarding activities of laccase (Lacc), general peroxidase (GenP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP). Wood density, water content, content of lignin and extractives as well as of nutrients and metals (N, Al, Ca, Cu, K, Mg, Mn und Zn) were determined in the samples, too. The fungal community was assessed based on sporocarps (fruiting bodies) and molecular fingerprints (F-ARISA). Oxidative enzyme activities were present in 79 % of all samples. The activities were found to be highly variable both regarding the time course of degradation and their distribution within the logs. Activities were generally higher in wood samples of F. sylvatica than in samples of conifers. Linear and logistic models revealed that the fungal community structure was the most important determinant for oxidative enzyme activities in the samples, followed by the amount of water-soluble lignin fragments. Moreover, the prevalent acidic pH determined in deadwood was suitable to facilitate the function of laccase and peroxidases. Concentrations of metals (manganese, copper, iron) were sufficient to ensure synthesis and functioning of the enzymes. Deadwood-dwelling fungi turned out to be well adapted to low nitrogen concentrations and thus, an elevated nitrogen deposition over a period of two years did not affect the oxidative enzyme activities. The pH as well as the content of lignin, extractives and nutrients significantly differed among the tree species; however, their trend over the course of degradation was rather similar. Molecular species richness (determined by F-ARISA as OTUs) increased over the whole course of degradation, while the number of fruiting species was highest in the intermediate stage of degradation. Both types of species richness increased with increasing volume of the CWD logs. Over the entire degradation period, white rot fungi – based on the identification of sporocarps – were the most abundant group of wood rot fungi in and on all three tree species. This corresponds well with the overall presence of oxidative enzyme activities. During degradation, the mass-related content of lignin, extractives and nutrients frequently increased, although the volume-related content decreased. The pH of all three tree species decreased in deadwood over the whole period of degradation. Higher forest management intensity had a negative effect on the log volume of deadwood and in consequence on fungal species richness (fruiting bodies), but hardly to other analyzed variables. Based on the widespread occurrence of white rot fungi, the concomitant presence of oxidative enzyme activities as well as the substantial loss of lignin, it can be concluded that laccases and peroxidases are highly relevant for deadwood decomposition. Not least, the detected characteristic molecular size distribution of water-soluble lignin fragments points to a key role of Mn oxidizing peroxidases (MnPs) in enzymatic lignin degradation. The variable patterns of oxidative enzymes observed in wood samples is therefore the result of a complex array of wood variables and the fungal community structure, which will have to be resolved in more detail in future studies
Ouayjan, Adib. "Dendroécologie et génétique d'une population de hêtre (Fagus sylvatica) en marge chaude de l'aire de répartition de l'espèce." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0798/document.
Full textModern climate change is expected to cause a decline of forest tree populations that reside at the current low-latitude margin of species' ranges. Warming and a changing water balance stress are expected to result in reduced tree growth and reproduction and increasing mortality. This doctorate thesis investigates the demographic and genetic structure of a natural beech (Fagus sylvatica) population located in a climate refugium at the species' xeric range margin in SW France. This population persists on the slopes of a karstic canyon along the Ciron River (Gironde), a place that already harboured beech during the past glacial period. The overall goal of the present thesis is to better understand how this refugial population has managed to persist through past climate changes and how it responds to recent global warming.The first thesis chapter assesses the genetic structure and diversity of the entire adult tree population (n = 932) to infer its postglacial history. The study reveals that the stand consists of two genetic clusters with different levels of diversity, which are likely to reflect an ancient local population that is successively being colonized by immigrant genotypes. The second thesis chapter investigates the mating system and patterns of pollen movement within the population by analysing seed progenies from selected mother trees (n = 30). It shows that predominant mating between genetically related neighbours has resulted in a very strong spatial genetic structure, a phenomenon that helps explain the observed slow admixture of the two genetic clusters present in the population. The third thesis chapter performs an extensive dendroecological analysis based on a third of the adult beech population (n = 317), plus 79 Pedunculate oaks (Quercus robur) sampled for comparison. Tree-ring studies and modeling based on climate projections reveal that beech growth has been so far relatively slightly affected in an increasingly xeric climate conditions. A strong increase in radial growth has been shown for beech between 1860 and 1920 that ceased later on. Then growth has declined imperceptibly since the 1980s without showing any accentuated decreasing according to the future climate scenarios data of the region. Fine-scale analyses including carbon stable isotopes show great among-tree heterogeneity in performance (in terms of growth and water use efficiency) that is partly driven by the fine-scale topography of the refugial habitat and might also be influenced to a small extent by the tree genotype.Its combination of dendroecological and molecular ecological research approaches has enabled the thesis to attain important insights into the special character of the Ciron beech population and its performance within a constraining abiotic environment. Such insights represent valuable background information for the conservation and management of this and other refugial forest tree populations in a rapidly changing climate