Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect

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Academic literature on the topic 'Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect"

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Shul'man, Z. P., L. V. Markova, and A. A. Makhanek. "Rheological factor and Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect." Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics 68, no. 3 (1996): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00859048.

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Goldsmith, H. L., G. R. Cokelet, and P. Gaehtgens. "Robin Fahraeus: evolution of his concepts in cardiovascular physiology." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 257, no. 3 (September 1, 1989): H1005—H1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1989.257.3.h1005.

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We give an account of the work of Robin Fahraeus over the years 1917–1938, his contribution to our understanding of blood rheology, and its relevance to circulatory physiology. Fahraeus published few original papers on this subject, yet he clearly understood the phenomena occurring in the tube flow of mammalian blood. 1) The concentration of cells in a tube less than 0.3 mm in diameter differs from that in the larger feed tube or reservoir, the Fahraeus effect. This is due to a difference in the mean velocity of cells and plasma in the smaller vessel associated with a nonuniform distribution of the cells. 2) In tubes less than 0.3 mm in diameter, the resistance to blood flow decreases with decreasing tube diameter, the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect. We define and generalize the two effects and describe how red cell aggregation at low shear rates affects cell vessel concentration and resistance to flow. The fluid mechanical principles underlying blood cell lateral migration in tube flow and its application to Fahraeus' work are discussed. Experimental data on the Fahraeus and Fahraeus-Lindqvist effects are given for red cells, white cells, and platelets. Finally, the extension of the classical Fahraeus effect to microcirculatory beds, the Fahraeus Network effect, is described. One of the explanations for the observed, very low average capillary hematocrits is that the low values are due to a combination of the repeated phase separation of red cells and plasma at capillary bifurcations (network effect) and the single-vessel Fahraeus effect.
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McKay, C. B., and H. J. Meiselman. "Osmolality-mediated Fahraeus and Fahraeus-Lindqvist effects for human RBC suspensions." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 254, no. 2 (February 1, 1988): H238—H249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1988.254.2.h238.

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The effects of suspending medium osmolality (166 to 836 mosm/kg) on flow in narrow bore tubes (33- to 146-microns diameter) were studied for 40% hematocrit suspensions of human red blood cells (RBC) in buffer; concurrent measurements of viscosity (eta r) and tube hematocrit (HT) allowed evaluation of the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect (FLE) and Fahraeus effect (FE). The FLE and FE were present for all suspensions regardless of osmolality. Viscosity increased markedly for the hypertonic media, and the FLE was more pronounced for the hypertonic region; changes in eta r from 146 to 33 microns were -22% (220 mosm/kg), -34% (290 mosm/kg), and -45% (460 mosm/kg). In contrast, HT and hence the FE were relatively insensitive to osmolality (14% change over entire range of osmolality and diameter). Suspension viscosities in 33- and 146-microns tubes could not, in general, be accurately calculated using experimental HT values combined with eta r -HT data from 340-microns tubes; however, a semiempirical model indicated that 1) RBC number concentration in the tube and tube diameter per RBC volume are primary determinants of eta r, and 2) eta r can be predicted over a wide range of osmolalities and tube diameters. RBC transport efficiency was a function of both tube diameter and osmolality (maximum for 33 micron at approximately equal to 400 mosm/kg). Our results appear applicable to blood flow in nonisotonic regions of the circulation and to estimation of blood viscosity in microcirculatory vessels.
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Fonseca de Brito, Patricia, Lucas Diego Mota Meneses, Rodrigo Weber dos Santos, and Rafael Alves Bonfim de Queiroz. "Automatic construction of 3D models of arterial tree incorporating the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect." C.Q.D. – Revista Eletrônica Paulista de Matemática 10 (December 2017): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21167/cqdvol10ermac201723169664pfbldmmrwsrabq3849.

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Majhi, S. N., and L. Usha. "Modelling the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect through fluids of differential type." International Journal of Engineering Science 26, no. 5 (January 1988): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7225(88)90008-0.

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Huo, Yunlong, and Ghassan S. Kassab. "Effect of compliance and hematocrit on wall shear stress in a model of the entire coronary arterial tree." Journal of Applied Physiology 107, no. 2 (August 2009): 500–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91013.2008.

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A hemodynamic analysis is implemented in the entire coronary arterial tree of diastolically arrested, vasodilated pig heart that takes into account vessel compliance and blood viscosity in each vessel of a large-scale simulation involving millions of vessels. The feed hematocrit (Hct) is varied at the inlet of the coronary arterial tree, and the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect and phase separation are considered throughout the vasculature. The major findings are as follows: 1) vessel compliance is the major determinant of nonlinearity of the pressure-flow relation, and 2) changes in Hct influence wall shear stress (WSS) in epicardial coronary arteries more significantly than in transmural and perfusion arterioles because of the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect. The present study predicts the flow rate as a second-order polynomial function of inlet pressure due to vessel compliance. WSS in epicardial coronary arteries increases >15% with an increase of feed Hct from 45% to 60% and decreases >15% with a decrease of feed Hct from 45% to 30%, whereas WSS in small arterioles is not affected as feed Hct changes in this range. These findings have important implications for acute Hct changes under vasodilated conditions.
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Stergiou, Yorgos G., Aggelos T. Keramydas, Antonios D. Anastasiou, Aikaterini A. Mouza, and Spiros V. Paras. "Experimental and Numerical Study of Blood Flow in μ-vessels: Influence of the Fahraeus–Lindqvist Effect." Fluids 4, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids4030143.

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The study of hemodynamics is particularly important in medicine and biomedical engineering as it is crucial for the design of new implantable devices and for understanding the mechanism of various diseases related to blood flow. In this study, we experimentally identify the cell free layer (CFL) width, which is the result of the Fahraeus–Lindqvist effect, as well as the axial velocity distribution of blood flow in microvessels. The CFL extent was determined using microscopic photography, while the blood velocity was measured by micro-particle image velocimetry (μ-PIV). Based on the experimental results, we formulated a correlation for the prediction of the CFL width in small caliber (D < 300 μm) vessels as a function of a modified Reynolds number (Re∞) and the hematocrit (Hct). This correlation along with the lateral distribution of blood viscosity were used as input to a “two-regions” computational model. The reliability of the code was checked by comparing the experimentally obtained axial velocity profiles with those calculated by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. We propose a methodology for calculating the friction loses during blood flow in μ-vessels, where the Fahraeus–Lindqvist effect plays a prominent role, and show that the pressure drop may be overestimated by 80% to 150% if the CFL is neglected.
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Reinke, W., P. Gaehtgens, and P. C. Johnson. "Blood viscosity in small tubes: effect of shear rate, aggregation, and sedimentation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 253, no. 3 (September 1, 1987): H540—H547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1987.253.3.h540.

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Apparent viscosity was determined in vertical glass tubes (ID 30.2-132.3 microns) with suspensions of human red cells in A) serum, B) saline containing 0.5 g/100 ml albumin, C) plasma, and D) plasma containing Dextran 250 at a feed hematocrit of 0.45. Pressure-flow relationships were obtained in a range of pseudo-shear rates (mu) between 0.15 and 250 s-1. Relative viscosities in the nonaggregating suspensions (A and B) were found to increase monotonically with decreasing mu. The Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect was present in the entire range of mu. In the two aggregating suspensions (C and D), viscosities increased initially in larger but not small tubes with declining mu and fell in all tubes at some characteristic mu (usually below 10 s-1). Viscosity reduction was greater in the larger tubes and in suspensions with greater aggregation tendency. With suspension D, the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect was eliminated in the lowermost shear-rate range. The cell-free marginal zone increased in width (to a maximum of approximately 40% of tube radius) as viscosity declined. Measurements of viscosity and cell-free marginal zone were also performed with suspension C in tubes mounted in horizontal position. In contrast to vertical tubes, a monotonic increase in viscosity was found with decreasing mu, associated with cell sedimentation and development of a cell-free layer only in the upper portion of the tubes.
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MAJHI, S., and L. USHA. "A mathematical note on the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect in power law fluid." Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 47, no. 6 (1985): 765–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8240(85)90040-0.

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GHOFRANI MAAB, M., and S. M. MOUSAVIAN. "NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF RBCs MIGRATION TOWARD THE CENTER AREA OF THE ARTERIOLE, FAHRAEUS–LINDQVIST EFFECT." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 12, no. 04 (September 2012): 1250082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519412500820.

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In this paper, in order to investigate movement of Red Blood Cells (RBCs) toward the centre area of blood vessels CFD modeling is done. Subjects of this study are a sample of arteriole vessel with 8 mm inside diameter without any branch (1st model) and another vessel which has 8 mm inside diameter, with a side branch by 2 mm inside diameter (2nd model). In 1st model, four different inlet velocities are applied to see the effect of boundary condition on wall shear stress and volume fraction. The multiphase model is extended to include the blood rheological properties at low shear rates that present the non-Newtonian CFD model. In addition, Eulerian multiphase CFD approach is adopted for describing the hemodynamic of blood flows. The migration and segregation of red blood cells in disturbed flow regions are evaluated. This behavior of blood was attributed to flow-dependent interactions of RBCs in blood flow. Moreover, the effect of inlet velocity on RBCs aggregation and WSS is clearly recognizable from results. This two-phase hemodynamic analysis may have application to study those kinds of vascular diseases which are dealing with RBCs change in size and shape with in vivo complex flow conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect"

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Brito, Patrícia Fonseca de. "Construção de modelos de árvores arteriais considerando o efeito Fahraeus-Lindqvist." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3293.

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Modelos de árvores arteriais têm sido utilizados com sucesso para obter uma melhor compreensão de todos os aspectos relacionados à hemodinâmica de regiões clinicamente relevantes do corpo humano, passando pelo diagnóstico e com aplicações no planejamento cirúrgico. A principal motivação para a construção desses modelos é a dificuldade em se obter dados anatômicos suficiêntes que permitam descrever em detalhes as estruturas geométrica e topológica de redes arteriais periféricas. Basicamente, os modelos podem ser classificados em: anatômico, parâmetro condensado, fractal e otimizado. Neste trabalho, foca-se na geração de modelos otimizados no contexto do método CCO (Constrained Constructive Optimization). Tal método é capaz de gerar modelos de árvores arteriais que reproduzem características de árvores coronarianas reais, como perfis de pressão, diâmetro dos vasos e distribuição dos ângulos de bifurcação. No entanto, este método não considera uma viscosidade sanguínea realística durante a geração dos modelos, ou seja, despreza o efeito Fahraeus-Lindqvist, o qual indica que a viscosidade sanguínea depende não linearmente do diâmetro do vaso no qual o sangue está escoando e da descarga de hematócrito. Neste contexto, no trabalho investiga-se um algoritmo inspirado no método CCO que leva em conta tal efeito durante a construção de modelos de árvores arteriais. Diversos cenários de simulações 2D/3D empregando este algoritmo foram realizados com intuito de estudar a influência da escolha da viscosidade sanguínea nas propriedades morfométricas e hemodinâmicas dos modelos. Os resultados obtidos nos indicam que a viscosidade sanguínea afeta a distribuição dos raios dos segmentos, a arquitetura e os perfis de pressão dos modelos gerados através de simulações no computador. Além disso, estes modelos in silico são condizentes com árvores arteriais coronarianas reais.
Arterial tree models have been successfully used to gain a better understanding of all hemodynamics aspects of clinically relevant regions of the human body, including diagnosis and applications in surgical planning. The main motivation for the construction of these models is the difficulty to obtain sufficient anatomical data to describe in detail the geometrical and topological structures of peripheral arterial networks. Basically, the models can be classified into: anatomical, lumped parameter, fractal and optimized. This work focuses on the generation of optimized models based on Constructive Constrained Optimization (CCO) method. CCO is capable of generating arterial tree models that reproduce characteristics of real coronary tree, such as pressure profiles, vessel diameter and bifurcation angle distribution. However, this method does not consider a realistic blood viscosity during the generation of models, i.e., it disregards the F˚ahraeus-Lindqvist effect, which indicates that the blood viscosity depends nonlinearly on diameter of the vessel in which blood is draining and on discharge of hematocrit. In this context, the work investigates an algorithm that takes into account this effect during the construction of models of arterial trees. Several scenarios of 2D/3D simulations using this algorithm were done in order to study the influence of the choice of blood viscosity on morphometric and hemodynamic properties of the models. The results indicate that the blood viscosity affects the distribution of vessel radii, the architecture and pressure profiles of the models generated through computer simulations. Furthermore, these in silico models are consistent with real coronary arterial trees.
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Book chapters on the topic "Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect"

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Brito, P. F., L. D. M. Meneses, B. M. Rocha, R. W. Santos, and R. A. B. Queiroz. "Construction of arterial networks considering the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect." In VII Latin American Congress on Biomedical Engineering CLAIB 2016, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia, October 26th -28th, 2016, 277–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4086-3_70.

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"- The Fahraeus–Lindqvist Effect: Using Microchannels to Observe Small Vessel Hemodynamics." In A Laboratory Course in Tissue Engineering, 218–27. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12792-21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect"

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Lin, Xiaohui, Chibin Zhang, Changbao Wang, Wenquan Chu, and Zhaomin Wang. "A Two-Phase Model for Analysis of Blood Flow and Rheological Properties in the Elastic Microvessel." In ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2016-8103.

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The blood in microvascular is seemed as a two-phase flow system composed of plasma and red blood cells (RBCs). Based on hydrodynamic continuity equation, Navier-Stokes equation, Fokker-Planck equation, generalized Reynolds equation and elasticity equation, a two-phase flow transport model of blood in elastic microvascular is proposed. The continuous medium assumption of RBCs is abandoned. The impact of the elastic deformation of the vessel wall, the interaction effect between RBCs, the Brownian motion effect of RBCs and the viscous resistance effect between RBCs and plasma on blood transport are considered. Model does not introduce any phenolmeno-logical parameter, compared with the previous phenolmeno-logical model, this model is more comprehensive in theory. The results show that, the plasma velocity distribution is cork-shaped, which is apparently different with the parabolic shape of the single-phase flow model. The reason of taper angle phenomenon and RBCs “Center focus” phenomenon are also analyzed. When the blood vessel radius is in the order of microns, blood apparent viscosity’s Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect and inverse Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect will occur, the maximum of wall shear stress will appear in the minimum of diameter, the variations of blood apparent viscosity with consider of RBCs volume fraction and shear rate calculated by the model are in good agreement with the experimental values.
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Massoudi, Mehrdad, Jeongho Kim, Samuel J. Hund, and James F. Antaki. "Application of the Theory of Interacting Continua to Blood Flow." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53260.

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Micro-scale investigations of the flow and deformation of blood and its formed elements have been studied for many years. Early in vitro investigations in the rotational viscometers or small glass tubes revealed important rheological properties such as the reduced blood apparent viscosity, Fahraeus effect and Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect [1], exhibiting the nonhomogeneous property of blood in microcirculation. We have applied Mixture Theory, also known as Theory of Interacting Continua, to study and model this property of blood [2, 3]. This approach holds great promise for predicting the trafficking of RBCs in micro-scale flows (such as the depletion layer near the wall), andother unique hemorheological phenomena relevant to blood trauma. The blood is assumed to be composed of an RBC component modeled as a nonlinear fluid, suspended in plasma, modeled as a linearly viscous fluid.
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Farhat, Hassan, and Joon Sang Lee. "The Study of RBC Deformation in Capillaries With a Lattice Boltzmann Method for Surfactant Covered Droplets." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12629.

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This study aims at analyzing the shape change of red blood cells in the process of streaming through a capillary smaller than the red blood cell diameter. The characteristics of its shape change and velocity can potentially lead to an indicator of a variety of diseases. We approach this problem with considering red blood cells as surfactant covered droplets. This assumption is justified by the fact that the cell membrane liquefies under high pressure in small capillaries, and this allows the marginalization of the mechanical properties of the membrane. The red blood cell membrane is in fact a macro-colloid containing lipid surfactant. When liquefied, it can be treated as a droplet of immiscible hemoglobin covered with lipid surfactant in plasma surrounding. The merit is to analyze the effect of the flow condition and domain geometry on the surfactant concentration change over the droplet interface, and the effect of this change on the surface tension of the droplet. The distribution of the surfactant is calculated by enforcing conservation of the surfactant mass concentration on the interface, leading to a convection diffusion equation. The equation takes account of the effects of the normal and Marangoni stresses as a boundary condition on the interface between the immiscible fluids. The gradient in the surface tension adversely determines the droplet shape by effecting a local change in the capillary number, and influences its velocity by retarding the local surface velocity. The choice of the Gunstensen model is motivated by its capability of handling incompressible fluids, and the locality of the application of the surface tension. We used the same concept to investigate the dynamic shape change of the RBC while flowing through the microvasculature, and explore the physics of the Fahraeus, and the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effects.
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