Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Faible taux de contage'
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Monzani, Maria Elena. "Characterization and calibration of the Borexino detector for solar and supernova neutrinos." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077112.
Full textBalocco, Didier. "Contribution à la conception de convertisseurs alternatif-continu à faible taux d'harmoniques." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10565.
Full textCoullery, Pierre. "Comportement de métaux lourds en agrosystèmes tempérés à faible taux de pollution métallique /." Lausanne : [s.n.], 1997. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1634.
Full textChollon, Georges. "Fibres céramiques à base de carbure de silicium et à faible taux d'oxygène." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10541.
Full textZanetti, Michela. "Technologies pour résines MUF de haute performance avec un taux faible de mélamine." Nancy 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN10063.
Full textThe characteristics of aminoplastic resins for particleboard applications have been improved throught a number of technologies. It was explained how some molecules, such as hexamethylenetetramine, methylal and melamine acetate, improve the performances of the adhesives. New additives were also tested : para-toluene sulphonic/morpholine, acetals, The effect of additives onto physical, chemical and mechanical properties was investigated by thermomechanical analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, low angle light laser scattering, polarized light optical microscopy and by manufacturing wood particleboards. It appears that the process used to synthesize melamine- urea-formaldehyde resins has some influence on the effect of additives on the behaviour of the resin. Some compounds as acetals increase melamine solubility and disrupt colloidal aggregations. Other compounds, as hexamethylenetetramine, have a buffering effect which allows to improve " hardening-degradation " equilibrium
Quenin, Alexandre. "Etude des propriétés diélectriques des mélanges azote-SF6 à faible taux de SF6." Grenoble INPG, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPG0154.
Full textSebrier, Laure. "Projections des taux de faible revenu chez les ainés au Québec à l'horizon 2050." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27973.
Full textBoiron, Denis. "Refroidissement et piégeage d'atomes de césium dans des structures lumineuses à faible taux de diffusion." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011783.
Full textGrégoire, Luc-André. "Convertisseur à cellule empilée à faible taux de distortion harmoniques : conception et mise en oeuvre." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2010. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/301/2/GR%C3%89GOIRE_Luc%2DAndr%C3%A9.pdf.
Full textLeclair, Eric. "Elaboration de précurseurs de matrices de carbure de silicium à faible taux de carbone libre." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10644.
Full textMougenot, Mathieu. "Elaboration et optimisation d'électrodes de piles PEMFC à très faible taux de platine par pulvérisation plasma." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00667739.
Full textBouatit, Adel. "Conception d'un redresseur triphasé à faible taux de distorsion harmonique et à facteur de puissance élevé." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2012. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4416/1/030300595.pdf.
Full textKrautwurm, Jiri. "Préparation, caractérisation physico-chimique et étude des défauts paramagnétiques des oxynitrures de silicium à faible taux d'hydrogène." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10072.
Full textBoiron, Denis. "Etude du refroidissement et du piegeage d'atomes de cesium dans des structures lumineuses a faible taux de diffusion." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066037.
Full textBelhadj, Youssef Nesrine. "Modélisation et commande des redresseurs triphasés fonctionnnant à haut rendement et à faible taux de distorsion harmonique : application au redresseur triphasé de Vienne." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2007. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/244/1/BELHADJ_YOUSSEF_Nesrine.pdf.
Full textGrégoire, Marie-Claude. "Reconstruction d'images cardiaques dynamiques synchronisées à l'ECG par maximum de vraisemblance sur les signaux obtenus à faible taux de comptage avec une gamma-caméra." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD190.
Full textTo do a global smoothing, a processing technic of dynamic cardiac studies has been suggested, allowing the simultaneous integration of all the spatial and temporal informations. This technic uses a bayesian estimation, therefore introducing an a priori law of Gibbs. A comparative study was done on low-count simulations, using this method and other classical methods. It has shown the advantages of using all the available temporal informations, and has increased the quality of current clinical results
PIFFAULT, NATHALIE. "Heteroepitaxie de structures contraintes ga#xin#1#-#xas/inp et de couches inp a faible taux de defauts sur si par la methode aux hydrures." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF21645.
Full textYounsi, Akli, and Akli Younsi. "Carbonatation de bétons à forts taux de substitution du ciment par des additions minérales." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00717844.
Full textYounsi, Akli. "Carbonatation de bétons à forts taux de substitution du ciment par des additions minérales." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LAROS342/document.
Full textCement is the main source of environmental impacts of concrete use. It is thus recognized that the most pragmatic solution for minimizing environmental impacts of concrete is the reduction of the cement content. This could be achieved by replacing a part of cement by mineral additions such as fly ash or blast-furnace slag during concrete mixing.The present work aims at studying the physico-chemical phenomena occurring during the process of carbonation of concrete mixtures with high substitution rates of cement by mineral additions and their resistance against this type of attack.An experimental campaign was conducted on reference concrete mixtures prepared with common cements and on other concrete mixtures, called “Écobétons” (Green concretes), prepared by replacing a part of cement by fly ash or blast-furnace slag. The study focused on the Écobétons durability, especially their resistance against carbonation, on the equivalence of Écobétons performances with the reference mixtures performances and on the composition and microstructure parameters controlling the kinetics of carbonation. Carbonation has been studied in natural and accelerated conditions. The results show that Écobétons mixtures with high substitution rates of cement by fly ash (50 %) and blast-furnace slag (75 %) could replace, in some cases, concretes that are in accordance with the current standard.In addition to the experimental study, numerical simulations of the coupling between hydration and drying were conducted in order to determine the effect of drying on the properties controlling the accelerated carbonation kinetics of the studied concrete mixtures (porosity, Portlandite content and water saturation degree). The results show that the kinetics of drying increases with the degree of substitution of cement by mineral additions. They also question the relevance of the preconditioning of the samples during accelerated carbonation test conducted according to the French standard XP P 18-458
Durand, Cécile. "Segmentation d'une dorsale à faible taux d'expansion : évolution de la dorsale médio-atlantique au sud de la zone de fracture Kane (20°n-24°n) depuis 10 millions d'années." Brest, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BRES2006.
Full textKarolak, Cyprien. "CarboFrac : Analyse et modélisation de l'engrenage (d'un siège auto) en acier à faible teneur en carbone carbonitruré." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM057/document.
Full textThis work aims at a better understanding and modeling of the failure of gradient metallic materials. It is applied to carbonitrided pinions made out of 20MnB5 steel, inserted in a "recliner", a safety mechanism of automotive seats. Carbonitriding induces high surface hardness while preserving significant core ductility. The experimental analysis of the fracture behavior of seat recliners in an industrial test confirmed the dual failure behavior of the component : brittle external layer, ductile core material. A test bench has been specifically designed for the project: one tooth is submitted to a lateral force until complete failure. In situ observations are performed and the load-displacement curve recorded, showing a variety of behaviors as a function of the teeth engagement depth and of the presence or not of the carbonitrided layer. Experimental tests with various tress states were conducted to measure plastic properties as well as to calibrate fracture criteria, for the carbonitrided layer and for the core steel. Von Mises plasticity and a simple strain hardening curve fit very well all these experiments. As fracture criteria from the literature were unable to predict failure correctly for all the mechanical tests, an adapted criterion has therefore been proposed as an outcome of this extensive mechanical testing campaign. Fracture simulation in LS Dyna has been performed using the element erosion technique, the limitations of which are discussed. Comparison with the experimental tooth fracture measurements allows evaluation of the proposed failure criteria, and enables to stress out and discuss the present limits of the simulation, concluding that it will be necessary in future work to account more finely for the mechanical property gradient together with the compressive residual stresses in the carbonitrided layer
Beau, Tristan. "Mesure des neutrinos solaires de la raie du béryllium dans l'expérience Borexino." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002065.
Full textLe groupe du Collège de France est chargé du système de numérisation rapide (FADC) sur BX. Ces FADC ont été conçus au laboratoire et nous les avons finalisés début 2002. Les cartes prototypes et les premiers modèles industriels ont été implantés sur CTF à titre de test, numérisant les signaux issus des photomultiplicateurs.
Nous avons développé les logiciels d'acquisition des FADC sur CTF et BX. Pour BX, nous utilisons un algorithme interne de réduction des données basé sur l'élimination en temps réel des événements à trop basse énergie tout en conservant les événements en coïncidence. Sur CTF, nous produisons des données depuis l'été 2000 et sur BX les premiers tests ont eu lieu sans scintillateur.
L'analyse de CTF porte sur les données issues des FADC seuls et des donnés conjointes entre les FADC et l'électronique standard mise en place par l'équipe italienne. Nous montrons que les FADC permettent de reconstruire l'énergie des événements et les coïncidences avec des précisions comparables à celles de l'électronique standard. La comparaison des données issues des deux systèmes montre l'apport du FADC, sans temps mort, pour la mesure de contaminations dans le détecteur, l'analyse des signaux tardifs issus des photomultiplicateurs et la discrimination entre événements de type alpha et bêta. Plusieurs méthodes de discrimination sont également étudiées par simulations pour BX.
Sohier, Laurent. "Microbiologie appliquée à l'aquaculture marine intensive participation des micro-organismes marins au maintien des capacités de production des milieux eutrophes à faible taux de renouvellement utilisés pour l'élevage intensif de crevettes pénéides /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601328t.
Full textSohier, Laurent. "Microbiologie appliquée à l'aquaculture marine intensive : participation des micro-organismes marins au maintien des capacités de production des milieux eutrophes à faible taux de renouvellement untilisés pour l'élevage intensif de crevettes pénéides." Aix-Marseille 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX22060.
Full textJust, Guillaume. "Caractérisation et modélisation des mémoires Flash embarquées destinées aux applications faible consommation et à forte contrainte de fiabilité." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4716/document.
Full textMany specific applications used in automotive, medical and spatial activity domains, require a very high level of reliability. These kinds of applications, working under severe constraints (high temperature, corrosion, vibration, radiations…) challenge memory manufacturers and impose them particular specifications in terms of reliability and energy consumption. In this context, work presented in this thesis aim at studying embedded Flash memories reliability for low power and high reliability applications. After an introduction oriented on areas of electrical characterizations and Test of non-volatile memories, a physical model of SILC leakage current is developed. This tool is used to answer to disturbs problematic and gives to designers and technologists a way to estimate the failure rate of memory cells according to physical, geometrical and electrical parameters, giving leads to minimize this unwanted phenomenon. Reliability (tunnel oxide, cell endurance) and performances (energy consumption) of Flash memory cell are then studied exploring process parameters variations and electrical conditions optimizations. Finally, an original real-time experiment over more than 15 months is focused on Flash memories retention reliability due to irradiative particles effects of natural terrestrial environment
NAPIERALA, JEROME. "Epitaxie selective de gaas/gaas et depots de couches gaas a faible taux de defauts sur si par epitaxie selective confinee en phase vapeur par la methode aux hydrures. Modelisation cinetique de la croissance de gaas." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF22173.
Full textYaacoub, Tina. "Nouvelles approches pour l'estimation du canal ultra-large bande basées sur des techniques d'acquisition compressée appliquées aux signaux à taux d'innovation fini IR-UWB." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0077/document.
Full textUltra-wideband impulse radio (IR-UWB) is a relatively new communication technology that provides an interesting solution to the problem of RF spectrum scarcity and meets the high data rate and precise localization requirements of an increasing number of applications, such as indoor communications, personal and body sensor networks, IoT, etc. Its unique characteristics are obtained by transmitting pulses of very short duration (less than 1 ns), occupying a bandwidth up to 7.5 GHz, and having an extremely low power spectral density (less than -43 dBm / MHz). The best performances of an IR-UWB system are obtained with Rake coherent receivers, at the expense of increased complexity, mainly due to the estimation of UWB channel, which is characterized by a large number of multipath components. This processing step requires the estimation of a set of spectral components for the received signal, without being able to adopt usual sampling techniques, because of the extremely high Nyquist limit (several GHz).In this thesis, we propose new low-complexity approaches for the UWB channel estimation, relying on the sparse representation of the received signal, the compressed sampling theory, and the reconstruction of the signals with finite rate of innovation. The complexity reduction thus obtained makes it possible to significantly reduce the IR-UWB receiver cost and consumption. First, two existent compressed sampling schemes, single-channel (SoS) and multi-channel (MCMW), are extended to the case of UWB signals having a bandpass spectrum, by taking into account realistic implementation constraints. These schemes allow the acquisition of the spectral coefficients of the received signal at very low sampling frequencies, which are not related anymore to the signal bandwidth, but only to the number of UWB channel multipath components. The efficiency of the proposed approaches is demonstrated through two applications: UWB channel estimation for low complexity coherent Rake receivers, and precise indoor localization for personal assistance and home care.Furthermore, in order to reduce the complexity of the MCMW approach in terms of the number of channels required for UWB channel estimation, we propose a reduced number of channel architecture by increasing the number of transmitted pilot pulses. The same approach is proven to be also useful for reducing the sampling frequency associated to the MCMW scheme.Another important objective of this thesis is the performance optimization for the proposed approaches. Although the acquisition of consecutive spectral coefficients allows a simple implementation of the MCMW scheme, we demonstrate that it not results in the best performance of the reconstruction algorithms. We then propose to rely on the coherence of the measurement matrix to find the optimal set of spectral coefficients maximizing the signal reconstruction performance, as well as a constrained suboptimal set, where the positions of the spectral coefficients are structured so as to facilitate the design of the MCMW scheme. Finally, the approaches proposed in this thesis are experimentally validated using the UWB equipment of Lab-STICC CNRS UMR 6285
Aby, Affoua Thérèse. "Réseaux de capteurs sans fil étendus dédiés aux collectes de données environnementales." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22671/document.
Full textWireless sensor networks are used in many environmental monitoring applications (e.g., to monitor forest fires or volcanoes). In such applications, sensor nodes have a limited quantity of energy, but must operate for years without having their batteries changed. The main mechanism used to allow nodes to save energy is to sequence periods of activity and inactivity. However, the design of MAC and routing protocols for applications with low duty-cycle is still a challenge. In this thesis, we proposed unsynchronized MAC and routing protocols for wireless sensor networks devoted to environmental monitoring applications. The main specificity of our protocols is that they are adapted to very low duty-cycle (less than 1 % for all nodes). Our protocols are analyzed and compared to existing protocols by simulation and experimentation on TelosB nodes. Despite this low duty-cycle for all nodes, our protocols are able to achieve good performance, unlike other protocols in the literature, which are not adapted to these extreme conditions
Yu, Chao. "Quantitative Study of Membrane Nano-organization by Single Nanoparticle Imaging." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX054.
Full textIn this thesis, EGF, CPεT and transferrin receptors were labeled with luminescent nanoparticles, , and were tracked both in their local environment in the cell membrane and under a hydrodynamic flow. Bayesian inference, Bayesian decision tree, and data clustering techniques can then be applied to obtain quantitative information on the receptor motion parameters. Furthermore, we introduced hydrodynamic force application in vitro to study biomolecule dissociation between membrane receptors and their pharmaceutical ligands in high affinity receptor- ligand pairs, such as HB-EGF and DTR. Finally, three different modes of membrane organization and receptor confinement were revealed: the confinement of CPεTR is determined by the interaction between the receptors and the lipid/protein constituents of the raft; the confining potential of EGFR results from the interaction with lipids and proteins of the raft environment and from the interaction with F-actin; transferrin receptors diffuse freely in the membrane, only sterically limited by actin barriers, according to the “picket-and-fence” model. We moreover showed that all raft nanodomains are attached to the actin cytoskeleton
Castanié, Etienne. "Émission dipolaire et absorption en champ proche de nanostructures." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00642536.
Full textTongbong, J. "Conception et évaluation d'une technique de DfT pour un amplificateur faible bruit RF." Phd thesis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00481911.
Full textSalem, Huda. "Étude sur l’entreposage de la matière grasse chez des femmes obèses post-ménopausées présentant un taux élevé ou normal d’apolipoprotéine B." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6928.
Full textBACKGROUND: Inefficiency of fatty acid (FA) trapping in white adipose tissue (WAT) is known to promote insulin resistance (IR) in peripheral tissue, but in the liver, it also promotes increased secretion of apolipoprotein B100-lipoproteins (apoB-lipoproteins). We recently demonstrated that post-menopausal obese women with high numbers of fasting apoB-lipoproteins (plasma apoB> 1.2 g/L) had higher IR than women with normal apoB. Our aim was thus to examine whether inefficiency of FA trapping was a mechanism explaining IR in vivo in this population. HYPOTHESES: Postmenopausal overweight and obese women with high apoB have lower efficiency of FA trapping in WAT than women with low apoB. METHODS/RESULTS: The efficiency of FA trapping was examined in 22 non-diabetic overweight and obese women, and the group was separated around median apoB (0.9 g/L) into women with higher vs lower apoB (N=11 per group). The efficiency of FA trapping in WAT was indirectly assessed by following the fate of a 13C-triolein labelled high-fat meal (0.0162g 13C-triolein/g of fat, 66% fat, 47 g fat/m2 body surface area) over 6 hours in circulation (plasma [13C]TG and [13C]FA) and oxidation (breath 13CO2). 13Cenrichment of breath and plasma samples was measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Women with higher apoB had delayed total postprandial plasma TG clearance (p<0.05) but not total plasma free FA clearance compared to women with lower apoB. However, examining the fate of 13C-triolein revealed that women with higher apoB had delayed plasma [13C]-TG clearance (44.78 μM vs 7.81 μM; p<0.05) and plasma [13C]-FA clearance (2.64 μM vs 0.06 μM; p<0.05) at 6 hours, without any differences in % recovered 13C-triolein in breath CO2. This data suggests that women with higher apoB have lower postprandial 13C-triolein clearance and trapping in WAT. CONCLUSION: Ineffective FA trapping in WAT in post-menopausal overweight and obese women with higher apoB may be a mechanism underlying IR in these subjects.
Blais, Sébastien. "Une méthode d'inférence bayésienne pour les modèles espace-état affines faiblement identifiés appliquée à une stratégie d'arbitrage statistique de la dynamique de la structure à terme des taux d'intérêt." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3026.
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