Academic literature on the topic 'Failed scar'
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Journal articles on the topic "Failed scar"
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DE SMET, L., and G. VANDEPUTTE. "Pedicled Fat Flap Coverage of the Median Nerve after Failed Carpal Tunnel Decompression." Journal of Hand Surgery 27, no. 4 (2002): 350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jhsb.2002.0780.
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We reviewed 14 patients treated with either an ulnar or a hypothenar fat flap for recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome and scar tenderness. Nine patients were satisfied and there were few complications. One patient had delayed skin healing and another developed a hypertrophic scar.
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Drayton, Ka’la D., and Alan Babigian. "Lumbar Fusion Debris Resulting in Painful Foreign-body Reaction in Abdominal Scar." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 13, no. 2 (2025): e6555. https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006555.
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Summary: Scar formation is a foreseeable outcome in wound healing. Patients frequently undergo scar revision to improve aesthetic appearance or function. Herein, we present the case of a 49-year-old woman who presented with a painful scar on the abdominal wall. High-resolution computed tomography failed to reveal any underlying source of the abdominal pain. During scar revision, she was found to have extensive fibrosis resulting from a foreign-body response to spinal debris.
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N., P. Honcharuk, and R. Kovyda N. "Investigation of uterine vessel perfusion of the failure uterus scar after cesarean section." Reproductive health of woman 5 (December 31, 2020): 21–23. https://doi.org/10.30841/2708-8731.5.2021.224488.
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In modern conditions, due to the increased frequency of cesarean section, which is not only a method of surgical delivery of pregnant women, but also surgery, there are problems in the reproductive health of operated women. Given the solution of many aspects of re-cesarean section, the issues of determining the diagnostic criteria for failure of uterus scar, their diagnostic value and use in practical medicine remain debatable. <strong>The objective:</strong> the investigate the features of uterine perfusion in pregnant women after a previous cesarean section and develop criteria for predicting the failure of the uterus scar. <strong>Materials and methods.</strong> A comprehensive two-stage (before and during pregnancy) examination of 180 women with a uterus scar after a previous cesarean section for the period from 2014–2019. Women were divided into groups and subgroups depending on the time of pregnancy. <strong>Results.</strong> Based on the conducted clinical and anamnestic data and the results of ultrasound examinations of the operated uterus, we detected changes in the blood flow of the uterine arteries and developed an arterial perfusion index in pregnant women. Using the proposed index, the features of arterial perfusion in women of childbearing age, depending on the time of pregnancy and the failure of the uterus scar after a previous cesarean section. This allowed us to determine the limit values of this indicator for each group of women, in which the value of this indicator differed significantly from healthy women. The proposed limit levels of uterine perfusion allow to diagnose uterine perfusion disorders during pregnancy at different times. <strong>Conclusion.</strong> Determining the arterial perfusion index in pregnant women expands the diagnostic capabilities of physician in determining the condition of the postoperative uterus scar after a previous cesarean section and is an additional preventive measure to determine its failure. The output of the values of this indicator beyond the predicted threshold values will require additional diagnostic actions on the part of the physicians to find additional combined pathology that may affect uterine blood perfusion.
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B., Hiremath P., Vinothini Anandabaskar, Nivedhana Arthi, Rohini E., and Indu N. R. "A rare case of caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy: a case report." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 3 (2020): 1315. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20200925.
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Scar ectopic pregnancy is a condition where the gestational sac implants into the previous caesarean scar site. Although it is a rare entity, its incidence is increasing due to rising rates of caesarean deliveries. Here authors report a case of caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy managed by laparotomy with caesarean scar ectopic excision following failed medical management. The patient recovered without any intraoperative or postoperative complications. An early diagnosis and management are vital in preventing maternal morbidity and mortality.
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Shojai, Raha, Pascale Roblin, and Léon Boubli. "Failed early medical abortion: Beware of the uterine scar! – Case report." European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care 17, no. 3 (2012): 237–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13625187.2012.671386.
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Jain, A., S. Bhatia, G. Mediratta, and A. Kumar. "Laparoscopic Management of Cesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy after Failed Medical Management." Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 27, no. 7 (2020): S79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2020.08.618.
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Bera, Surendra N., and Partha P. Sharma. "Vaginal delivery at term with previous one cesarean section: is it safe?" International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 8 (2018): 3147. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20183307.
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Background: Post cesarean pregnancies are high risk pregnancy and main concern is uterine scar rupture with increasing maternal and perinatal risks, for vaginal birth after cesarean delivery (VBAC). Objective of this study is to know neonatal and maternal outcome at term who attempt vaginal delivery with previous one cesarean section presenting in active stage of labor.Methods: A total of 277 pregnant women with single live fetus at term, cephalic presentation with previous one cesarean section, underwent a trial of labor and outcome of successful and failed vaginal birth were noted.Results: Trial of labor was successful in 52.3% and failed in 47.7% (p=0.269). VBAC was successful where the previous cesarean section indications were fetal distress (79% versus 21%, p=0.000), pregnancy induced hypertension (77.3% versus 22.7%, p=0.000) and fetal growth restriction (81.8% versus 18.2%, p=0.000), when compared with failed trial of labor who required emergency cesarean section in pre-labor rupture of the membranes (8.3% versus 91.7%, p=0.000) and dystocia (3.3% versus 96.7%, p=0.000). VBAC was successful at gestational age of 37 0/7-38 6/7 weeks (p=0.000). In the failed VBAC women who required emergency cesarean section there was significant early neonatal death (p=0.025). Scar dehiscence and hospital stay with or without complications were more in the failed VBAC group.Conclusions: Early neonatal death and duration of hospital stay were significantly more in the failed VBAC, who were posted for emergency cesarean delivery. Scar dehiscence occurred in the failed VBAC group. Women presenting at 37 0/7 to 38 6/7 weeks of gestation with cephalic presentation in active stage of labor who had previous cesarean section done for fetal distress, pregnancy induced hypertension and fetal growth restriction with inter pregnancy interval of > 24 months can be planned and counselled for VBAC trial of labor.
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Wang, Hyun, Lan Sook Chang, and Youn Hwan Kim. "Tissue Recycling with Split-Thickness Skin Graft Harvested from a Failed Free Flap." Journal of Wound Management and Research 18, no. 3 (2022): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22467/jwmr.2022.02236.
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Failure of free flaps is frustrating for both patients and surgeons. Since a large amount of tissue was already used in the first operation, much consideration should be given to donor site and tissue preservation in revision procedures. Recycling tissue by salvaging skin from the failed flap is one option. A 59-year-old man with a scar contracture deformity on his right medial thigh underwent scar tissue excision and thoracodorsal artery perforator free flap coverage. Unfortunately, flap compromise was found on the second postoperative day and flap salvage failed due to extensive thrombus. A second thoracodorsal artery perforator free flap from the contralateral side was used for revision surgery. A split-thickness skin graft was performed with skin harvested from the failed flap to cover the second donor site. Multiple hand-held retractors provided appropriate tension for harvesting the skin. The grafted skin was successfully taken after 3 weeks. This study explores the viability of a split-thickness skin harvested from a failed flap with more than 48 hours of ischemic time. The reusability of skin from a failed free flap in revision surgery can both minimize the need for additional donor sites and reduce unnecessary pain.
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Spyridon Maragkos, Giampietro Bertasi, and Mariana Peroni. "Treatment of retractile scar after a hypetrophic scar (HSs) in the hand with ADM (Dermacell)." International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research 3, no. 2 (2022): 001–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2022.3.2.0052.
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Hypertrophic scars can occur anywhere on skin after a skin injury or wound. The reason is not fully understood, the result is the abnormal production of extra collagen and a decrease in elastin, which lead to these undesirable thick, raised stiff scars. Sometimes surgery is performed to cut out the scar or redirect the lines of tension on the scar. Usually, surgery is considered when other treatment options have failed. Dermacell is human acellular matrix (hADM) that is intended for supplemental support and covering for soft tissue repair. It acts as ECM. The expression and proliferation of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules in the dermis, mediated by a range of growth factors and cytokines, is a fundamental element of wound repair.
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Menezes, Carlos C. E., Tara Vantoai, Miller B. McDonald, and Tocio Sediyama. "Sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) technique used for variety discrimination in vinca (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don)." Revista Brasileira de Sementes 24, no. 1 (2002): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-31222002000100041.
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Sequence-Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) appears as a useful technique for genetic purity testing and variety discrimination, applicable to species in which some other techniques have failed. In particular, this technique is very attractive with species in which RAPD results were not consistent. The RAPD polymorphic bands were cloned, sequenced and from the sequence information, primers pairs for normal PCR were developed. Since the probability of obtaining successful SCAR primers from RAPD polymorphic bands was about 50%, a larger number of RAPD polymorphic bands are needed to develop sufficient SCAR primers for varietal discrimination in vinca. In addition, the efficiency of the SCAR technique is strongly affected by the quality of DNA extracted from seeds. The SCAR banding patterns obtained from vinca seed were consistent and repeatable making the results reliable for genetic purity testing and variety discrimination. The SCAR technique is simple, fast, relatively inexpensive and allows the use of DNA extracted from dry seeds, which is very important in a seed-quality evaluating program
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Failed scar"
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Bonhomme, Yannick. "Test faible consommation des circuits munis de chaînes de scan." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20053.
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Badereddine, Nabil. "REDUCTION DE PUISSANCE DURANT LE TEST PAR SCAN DES CIRCUITS INTEGRES." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00091300.
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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre de la réduction de la consommation de puissance durant le test par scan des circuits intégrés. Le test par scan est une technique de conception en vue du test qui est largement utilisée, mais qui pose quelques problèmes. Elle nécessite en effet un nombre important de cycles d'horloge pour permettre le chargement, l'application, et le déchargement des données de test. Ces opérations engendrent une activité de commutation dans le circuit largement plus importante que celle rencontrée lors du fonctionnement normal. Cette forte activité lors du test peut avoir des conséquences graves sur le circuit telles qu'une baisse de sa fiabilité ou sa destruction pure et simple. L'objectif de cette thèse est de proposer des techniques permettant de réduire cette suractivité, en particulier durant la période comprise entre l'application d'un vecteur de test et la récupération de la réponse du circuit.
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Lubaszewski, Marcelo Soares. "Le test unifié de cartes appliqué à la conception de systèmes fiables." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/26862.
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Si on veut assurer de fawn efficace les tests de conception, de fabrication, de maintenance et le test accompli au cours de l'application pour les systemes electroniques, on est amend a integrer le test hors-ligne et le test en-ligne dans des circuits. Ensuite, pour que les systemes complexes tirent profit des deux types de tests, une telle unification doit etre &endue du niveau circuit aux niveaux carte et module. D'autre part, bien que rintegration des techniques de test hors-ligne et en-ligne fait qu'il est possible de concevoir des systemes pour toute application securitaire, le materiel ajoute pour assurer une haute siirete de fonctionnement fait que la fiabilite de ces systemes est reduite, car la probabilite d'occurrence de fautes augmente. Confront& a ces deux aspects antagoniques, cette these se fixe l'objectif de trouver un compromis entre la securite et la fiabilite de systemes electroniques complexes. Ainsi, dans un premier temps, on propose une solution aux problemes de test hors-ligne et de diagnostic qui se posent dans les &apes intermediaires de revolution vers les cartes 100% compatibles avec le standard IEEE 1149.1 pour le test "boundary scan". Une approche pour le BIST ("Built-In Self-Test") des circuits et connexions "boundary scan" illustre ensuite retape ultime du test hors-ligne de cartes. Puis, le schema UBIST ("Unified BIST") - integrant les techniques BIST et "self-checking" pour le test en-ligne de circuits, est combine au standard IEEE 1149.1, afin d'obtenir une strategie de conception en vue du test unifie de connexions et circuits montes sur des cartes et modules. Enfin, on propose un schema tolerant les fautes et base sur la duplication de ces modules securitaires qui assure la competitivite du systeme resultant du point de vue de la fiabilite, tout en gardant sa silrete inherente.<br>On one hand, if the goal is to ensure that the design validation, the manufacturing and the maintenance testing, along with the concurrent error detection are efficiently performed in electronic systems, one is led to integrate the off-line and the on-line testing into circuits. Then, for complex systems to make profit of these two types of tests, such unification must be extended from the circuit to the board and module levels. On the other hand, although the unification of off-line and on-line testing techniques makes possible the design of systems suiting any safety application, the hardware added for increasing the application safety also decreases the system reliability, since the probability of occurrence of faults increases. Faced to these two antagonist aspects, this thesis aims at finding a compromise between the safety and the reliability of complex electronic systems. Thus, firstly we propose a solution to the off-line test and diagnosis problems found in the intermediate steps in the evolution towards boards which are 100% compliant with the IEEE standard 1149.1 for boundary scan testing. An approach for the BIST (Built-In Self-Test) of boundary scan circuits and interconnects then illustrates the ultimate step in the board off-line testing. Next, the UBIST (Unified BIST) scheme - merging BIST and self-checking capabilities for circuit on-line testing, is combined with the IEEE standard 1149.1, in order to obtain a design strategy for unifying the tests of interconnects and circuits populating boards and modules. Finally, we propose a fault-tolerant scheme based on the duplication of these kind of modules which ensures the competitivity of the resulting system in terms of reliability at the same time as preserving the inherent module safety.
Books on the topic "Failed scar"
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Phillips, Lisa. “Like a Scab over an Infected Sore”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037320.003.0004.
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This chapter explores the challenges Local 65 faced during World War II and in the immediate postwar months. The union lost thousands of members as well as its catch-all focus during the war. Jack Paley, Esther Letz, and the “65ers” who led the union in their absence gained valuable experience working with the National War Labor Board (NWLB) and campaigning for pro-labor legislation, but freely admitted that they failed to continue to organize as effectively. Furthermore, because of the “pro-Soviet” positions it had taken during the war, the union had begun to lose credibility with other New York City locals and the national Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO).
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Publishing, Engy. My Scars Tell a Story, They Are Reminder of When Life Tried to Break Me, but Failed - Sickle Cell Awareness: Maintenance Log Book. Independently Published, 2019.
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Publishing, Engy. My Scars Tell a Story, They Are Reminder of When Life Tried to Break Me, but Failed - Sickle Cell Awareness: Two Column Ledger. Independently Published, 2019.
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Publishing, Engy. My Scars Tell a Story, They Are Reminders of When Life Tried to Break Me but Failed - Childhood Cancer Awareness: Maintenance Log Book. Independently Published, 2019.
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Publishing, Engy. My Scars Tell a Story, They Are Reminders of When Life Tried to Break Me but Failed - Childhood Cancer Awareness: 3 Column Ledger. Independently Published, 2019.
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Publishing, Engy. My Scars Tell a Story, They Are Reminder of When Life Tried to Break Me, but Failed - Sickle Cell Awareness: 3 Column Ledger. Independently Published, 2019.
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Publishing, Engy. My Scars Tell a Story, They Are Reminders of When Life Tried to Break Me but Failed - Childhood Cancer Awareness: Two Column Ledger. Independently Published, 2019.
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Publishing, Engy. My Scars Tell a Story, They Are Reminder of When Life Tried to Break Me, but Failed - Sickle Cell Awareness: Unruled Composition Book. Independently Published, 2018.
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Publishing, Engy. My Scars Tell a Story, They Are Reminders of When Life Tried to Break Me but Failed - Childhood Cancer Awareness: Unruled Composition Book. Independently Published, 2018.
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Publishing, Engy. My Scars Tell a Story, They Are Reminders of When Life Tried to Break Me but Failed - Childhood Cancer Awareness: Calligraphy Practice Paper. Independently Published, 2019.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Failed scar"
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Ille, Sebastian, Sandro M. Krieg, and Bernhard Meyer. "Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: The Scar Is a Myth." In Spine Surgery. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98875-7_73.
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Bansal, Jagdish Chand, Prathu Bajpai, Anjali Rawat, and Atulya K. Nagar. "Advancements in the Sine Cosine Algorithm." In Sine Cosine Algorithm for Optimization. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9722-8_5.
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AbstractIn the last few decades, the development and advancement of meta-heuristic algorithms have become the focus of the research community as these algorithms face various challenges like, balance between exploration and exploitation, tuning of parameters, getting trapped in local optima, and very slow convergence rate. Sine cosine algorithm (SCA) also faces similar kinds of challenges and sometimes fails to perform effectively in finding the global optimal solution. Sine and cosine are trigonometric operators with a 90$$^\circ $$ phase shift from each other. The range of sine and cosine functions lies in the range $$[-1,1]$$. Sine and cosine functions in the position update equation of SCA help solutions to perform search procedure. However, in some situations, SCA promotes similar solutions in the search space, which results in the loss of diversity in the population, and the search process is susceptible to trapping in the region of local optimum [1]. Motivated by these challenges, SCA has been modified to improve its capability and efficiency in several ways. Several strategies have been employed to alter the basic version of SCA [2], aiming to enhance its effectiveness and optimization capabilities. In this chapter, we will discuss about these modifications and strategies, which have been incorporated into the sine cosine algorithm (SCA) in past few years. Apart from this, we will briefly describe the applications of the modified versions of SCA.
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Egerton, Douglas R. "“We all need action”." In A Man on Fire. Oxford University PressNew York, 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197554050.003.0004.
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Abstract Unemployed at the age of twenty-five, Higginson turned his attentions to reform, especially as the Mexican War had opened up the possibility of slavery’s expansion into the Southwest. As a pragmatic abolitionist, Higginson endorsed the 1848 Free Soil Party and in 1850 unsuccessfully ran for Congress on that party’s ticket. But ever ready to put his principles into action, Higginson took part in the failed attempts to liberate captured runaways Thomas Sims and Anthony Burns. The latter effort left him with a sabre scar on his chin, which he forever wore as a point of pride, and led to futile attempts by the federal government to charge him with breaking the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act.
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Zeigler, James. "Essaying to Be an Exile: Richard Wright Following The God That Failed." In Red Scare Racism and Cold War Black Radicalism. University Press of Mississippi, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496802385.003.0003.
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Rosenblum, Joshua. "French Is a Language That Doesn’t Scan." In Closer than Ever. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197758236.003.0016.
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Abstract After Baby, Maltby is hired by British producer Cameron Mackintosh to adapt Andrew Lloyd Webber’s Song and Dance for an American audience and to direct the Broadway production. This important relationship with Mackintosh leads to Maltby’s being hired to write the English lyrics for Claude-Michel Schönberg and Alain Boublil’s megahit Miss Saigon, an adaptation of the Madame Butterfly story set amid a backdrop of the Vietnam War. Later, Maltby is also called upon to revise the lyrics for the Boublil/Schönberg Broadway flop The Pirate Queen, in a failed attempt to fix the production. In the meantime, Maltby and Shire are collecting fragments, sketches, and ideas for new songs in what they call the “Urban File.” Many of these numbers will end up in their revue Closer Than Ever.
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Bennett, Nolan. "Whittaker Chambers and the Confessions of Ex-Communists." In The Claims of Experience. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190060695.003.0006.
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Chapter 5 places Whittaker Chambers’s 1952 Witness within the American panic over communism during the second Red Scare. In the late 1940s, Chambers took the stand before the House Un-American Activities Committee to confess that he and Alger Hiss, among others, had conspired against the United States from a Soviet underground cell. Though Hiss’s prison sentence was a legal victory, the autobiography claimed authority back from the trials and the state’s capacity to make meaning of Chambers’s life. Chambers argued for a return to the authority of God and fathers outmoded in a secular modernity exemplified by communism and New Deal liberalism. Although the trial of Hiss had publicized these accusations, Chambers turned to autobiography to achieve where he thought he had failed: to convert Americans to a Christian anticommunism and to compel present and former communists to confess, though he would ultimately fail to convert Hiss himself.
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Farrell, Jennifer, and Thomas M. Schelby. "Scar Deactivation as an Alternative Treatment for Pain Control." In Pain. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197542873.003.0007.
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Chronic, postsurgical pain (CPSP) is defined as pain that arises after a surgical procedure and that lasts at least 2 months and cannot be attributed to an alternative cause. Epidemiologic studies estimate that between 10% and 30% of patients undergoing surgery report persistent pain 1 year postoperatively. The etiology of CPSP does not have a clearly established or widely accepted pathophysiological cause, and diagnostic workups are often costly and fail to identify an identifiable etiology. CPSP may be treated with analgesics as the first-line therapy; however there are no well-established guidelines on management. In refractory cases, medications targeting neuropathic pain, further surgical evaluation, and acupuncture techniques can be considered.
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"The Monsters that Failed to Scare: The Atypical Reception of the 1930s Horror Films in Belgium." In Hosting the Monster. Brill | Rodopi, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789401206495_014.
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De Lusignan Simon and Seroussi Brigitte. "A comparison of English and French Approaches to Providing Patients Access to Summary Care Records: Scope, Consent, Cost." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-240-0-61.
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Online access to records is part of the process of empowering patients. National health services in both France and England have introduced systems to provide online access to summary health data. The English system was called the &ldquo;Summary Care Record (SCR),&rdquo; made accessible to patients through &ldquo;HealthSpace&rdquo;. The French system Dossier M&eacute;dical Personnel (DMP) is a patient controlled record clinicians enter data into. The objective was to compare the programmes and lessons from the introduction of patient access. We carried out a literature review. The English system has been progressively de-scoped, with HeathSpace due to close in 2013, only 0.01% of the population signing up for &ldquo;advanced accounts&rdquo;. The French system slowly grows as more documents are added; though only 0.31% of the population have opened a DMP. The English SCR has an opt-out consent model, whereas the French DMP is patient controlled opt-in consent model. The SCR sits within an NHS intranet while the DMP sits on the Internet. Both systems have costs of around 200million Euro. Providing patients online access to their medical records is potentially empowering. However, the English HealthSpace and SCR have failed to deliver and are due to be withdrawn as methods of providing patients online access. The French system is still in operation but much criticized for its high costs and low uptake. The design of these systems does not appear to have met patients' needs or been readily integrated into physicians workflow.
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Kirkby, Diane, Lee-Ann Monk, and Dmytro Ostapenko. "6." In Maritime Men of the Asia-Pacific. Liverpool University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781802077193.003.0006.
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This chapter explores the theme of militancy in the lived political experience of unionists in a turbulent decade. It returns to the history of Australia’s Navigation Act which was finally made operational in 1920, once the ILO was established and it was a means to ratify the first ILO maritime convention. The chapter shows India’s attempts to follow Australia’s example of legislation setting up its own merchant marine to provide employment and training for Its own citizens. But India’s efforts were opposed by the imperial authorities, and Australia’s progressive initiatives were undermined by the deeply conservative federal government’s anti-unionism which focussed on the maritime unions. The government weakened the protective provisions of the Navigation Act, strengthened the punitive provisions in other laws, and sold off the national shipping fleet. They passed a new immigration law to allow deportation of labour activists but failed in their attempt to deport two seamens’ union leaders who had supported militant striking British seafarers. The chapter illuminates connections and power in governance practices against labour militancy, including a ‘Red Scare,’ which became a pattern for subsequent decades.
Conference papers on the topic "Failed scar"
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Hazarabedian, Maria Sofia, Katerina Lepkova, Zakaria Quadir, Mariano Iannuzzi, and Michael Lison-Pick. "Intergranular Precipitation on the Precipitation-Hardened Nickel Alloy UNS N07725: Double-loop Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation Test." In CORROSION 2021. AMPP, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2021-16793.
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Abstract Precipitation hardened (PH) nickel alloy UNS N07725 used in oil and gas subsea service have experienced several brittle fractures linked to hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The alloy’s susceptibility to cracking was associated with the precipitation of a Cr-and Mo-rich phase at grain boundaries (GBs). Since the failed components were compliant with the current standards, developing a new quality control test capable of distinguish susceptible microstructures became a priority for the oil and gas industry. Herein, the double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) test was optimized for UNS N07725 as an alternative approach to detect microstructures with abundant intergranular precipitation. These precipitates lead to a Cr- and Mo-depletion along the decorated GBs (i.e., sensitization). Thus, the study of the intergranular corrosion susceptibility by the DL-EPR test served as an indirect quantification method of the degree of GB precipitation. The DL-EPR test solution, temperature, deaeration, scan rate, and surface finish were evaluated to distinguish between UNS N07725 batches with different degrees of sensitization. The optimized DL-EPR test conditions were 2 M HCl + 1 M H2SO4 + 0.0001 M KSCN aqueous solution at 30°C with a 1.667 mV/s scan rate and a vertex potential of Ecorr + 700 mV. Results were reproducible and consistent with the metallographically measured degree of GB decoration.
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Lee, Sukho, and Kristofor Dickson. "Lock-in Amplifier Applications for Fault Isolation." In ISTFA 2024. ASM International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2024p0377.
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Abstract This paper describes how lock-in amplifiers and boxcar averaging can overcome limitations in conventional fault isolation techniques for microelectronic testing. Our approach achieves superior results compared to traditional spectrum analyzer methods through three key applications. First, we measure the signal-to-noise ratio of individual pulses during laser voltage tracing (LVT) across varying pulse widths. Second, we leverage enhanced LVT imaging to improve computer-aided design to stage alignment and laser voltage probe placement—a crucial advancement for analyzing compressed scan and streaming scan network test failures. Finally, we present a case where our Lock-In amplifier system successfully generates pass/fail signals for dynamic laser stimulation in scenarios where conventional test hardware proved inadequate.
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Was, G. S., S. Teysseyre, and J. McKinley. "Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking of Iron- and Nickel-base Austenitic Alloys in Supercritical Water." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04492.
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Abstract The corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of iron- and nickel-base austenitic alloys in pure supercritical water is studied for the purpose of determining the suitability of these alloys for use in the core of the supercritical water reactor (SCWR) concept. SCC of 304L, 316L, 625 and 690 was investigated using constant extension rate tensile experiments in deaerated supercritical water at 500°C. One test was performed on 304L in 550°C, non-deaerated water. The oxide layer on tensile bars or exposure coupons was analyzed for weight gain, thickness, composition and bonding state. Results reveal that 304L is susceptible to intergranular SCC in 550°C non-deaerated water and, to a lesser extent, in 500°C deaerated water. 625 exhibited the greatest degree of IG cracking as measured by crack size and density. 316L and 690 failed by ductile rupture and displayed only minimal cracking on the gage section surface. 304L had a very non-uniform film thickness and alloy 625 had the thinnest oxide and exhibited a low density of micrometer-sized pits. Oxides were composed of a two-layer structure with a chromium-rich inner layer covered by an outer layer with higher iron content. Iron was the dominant element in the oxides on the iron-base alloys and nickel was the dominant element in oxides of the nickel-base alloys. The oxide layers on the 304L and 316L alloys were primarily made up of iron and chromium oxides and hydroxides. The iron oxides and hydroxides made up the majority of the composition and were present in approximately a one to one ratio to one another.
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Math, Sujay, Pavan K. Shukla, and Terry Natale. "Oxygen Evolution from the MMO Anode Cathodic Protection System and Its Effect on the Corrosion of the Soil-Side Bottom Plate of an above Ground Storage Tank." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-14927.
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Abstract A close coupled mixed metal oxide (MMO) anode, grid or concentric ring, cathodic protection (CP) system is a state-of-the-art technique for corrosion prevention of the soil-side bottom of an aboveground storage tank (AST) resting on sand pads. The regulatory requirement of secondary containment for ASTs, especially with the use of polyethylene liners, has eliminated the use of traditional shallow anodes around the periphery or the deep well anode systems. Recent experiences with close coupled CP systems have shown that adequate corrosion protection is not achieved for ASTs and are subject to leaks, before their scheduled out-of-service inspection interval. Literature information on failed tank bottoms with CP systems have identified several issues such as improper current distribution due to anode spacing, shorting of the anode to tank bottom and acid generation at anode resulting in low pH. One of the issues not adequately discussed with close coupled MMO anodes include oxygen generation at the anode surface due to electrolysis of water at polarized potentials above a threshold. For close coupled CP systems such as ASTs, the oxygen evolution from the MMO anodes can depolarize the cathode (tank bottom) polarized potentials. When the tank bottom plate loses contact with the sand pad due to flexing, oxygen can accumulate in the void space and accelerate corrosion. CP cannot provide protection to the areas of bottom plate that loses contact with the electrolyte. The floor scan data of the tank bottom plates indicate patches of corrosion even with good clean sand and an active CP system. In this paper, experimental investigations are carried out to understand the evolution of oxygen and its concentration in the void spaces. The effect of oxygen concentration in void space versus corrosion growth rate with increased oxygen concentration is studied. This paper provides information on preventive measures that can be adopted to prevent oxygen concentration corrosion in the void space of AST soil-side bottom.
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Specht, Fred R. "Control Systems for Induction Heat Treating: Obsolete Methods and the Newest Designs." In HT 2013, edited by B. Lynn Ferguson. ASM International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ht2013p0081.
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Abstract This paper examines the evolution and current state of induction heat-treating system controls, ranging from the rudimentary timer and push-button configurations to sophisticated computer systems integrating color touch screens with programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It addresses the challenges of maintaining aging systems, particularly when obsolete components such as PLCs, monitors, or keypads fail and halt production. The discussion encompasses replacement options, upgrade pathways, and emerging control technology and software trends. The presentation provides a comprehensive overview of various control systems employed in induction heat-treating equipment for static and scan hardening applications. The evolution of control technology is traced from mechanical systems to modern computing platforms, including cam bar scanners, Multiplex units, thumb wheel and digital timers, digital counters, microprocessors, and Windows-based computer systems—all explained in accessible terminology. We illustrate the progression from handwritten setup sheets to EPROM chips and contemporary data communication methods. Current capabilities include virtually unlimited storage capacity via Ethernet connections (wired or wireless) for part recipes, quality assurance protocols, and maintenance schedules, with USB flash drives offering convenient options for recipe modifications and backup procedures. We also review static heat lift-rotate fixtures utilizing hard-wired relay controls and cascading timer arrays, discussing their current applications. Finally, we provide guidance on determining cost-effective upgrade options versus complete replacement, balancing customer requirements with future technological developments.
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Patel, Rahul, Sriya Vutukuru, Neethi Dasu, and Charles Snyder. "Dense Colon Scarring After Infliximab for Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis." In 28th Annual Rowan-Virtua Research Day. Rowan University Libraries, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.stratford_research_day.116_2024.
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Introduction: Infliximab is a monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor alpha used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. It has been shown to be efficacious in patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis and/or those who have failed intravenous steroids. We present a unique finding of profoundly dense colonic scarring after a year of infliximab therapy in a patient with acute severe ulcerative colitis. Case: A female in her early 60s presented to the hospital with a three month history of rectal bleeding and intermittent fevers. A colonoscopy was done which demonstrated severe Mayo 3 left-sided colitis, consistent with a diagnosis of acute severe ulcerative colitis. After failing mesalamine and intravenous methylprednisolone, she was started on infliximab resulting in marked symptom improvement. She then had a repeat colonoscopy one year later which showed no active ulcerative colitis with a mayo score 0 but profound scarring correlating to the severe initial ulcerations from the previous year. Discussion: During normal pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, inflammation and ulceration causes the bowel walls to swell and thicken with scar tissue. After treatment with monoclonal antibodies, the mucosa should normally heal without evidence of scar tissue or fibrosis. Despite being at high risk for colectomy, this patient responded well to infliximab. However, further studies and follow ups are needed to determine if the scar tissue in this patient has long term effects. Research is ongoing on how to prevent fibrosis in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Dlamini, Niniza S. P., Iakovos Sigalas, and Andreas Koursaris. "Cutting Tool Wear and Mechanisms of Chip Formation During High-Speed Machining of Compacted Graphite Iron." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44026.
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Cutting tool wear of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) tools was investigated in oblique turning experiments when machining compacted graphite iron at high cutting speeds, with the intention of elucidating the failure mechanisms of the cutting tools and presenting an analysis of the chip formation process. Dry finish turning experiments were conducted in a CNC lathe at cutting speeds in the range of 500–800m/min, at a feed rate of 0.05mm/rev and depth of cut of 0.2mm. Two different tool end-of-life criteria were used: a maximum flank wear scar size of 0.3mm (flank wear failure criterion) or loss of cutting edge due to rapid crater wear to a point where the cutting tool cannot machine with an acceptable surface finish (surface finish criterion). At high cutting speeds, the cutting tools failed prior to reaching the flank wear failure criterion due to rapid crater wear on the rake face of the cutting tools. Chip analysis, using SEM, revealed shear localized chips, with adiabatic shear bands produced in the primary and secondary shear zones.
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Chang, Yoon-Suk, Jong-Min Kim, Nam-Su Huh, Young-Jin Kim, Seong-Sik Hwang, and Joung-Soo Kim. "Failure Pressure Estimates of Steam Generator Tubes Containing Wear-Type Defects." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89085.
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It is commonly requested that steam generator tubes with defects exceeding 40% of wall thickness in depth should be plugged to sustain all postulated loads with appropriate margin. The critical defect dimensions have been determined based on the concept of plastic instability. This criterion, however, is known to be too conservative for some locations and types of defects. In this context, the accurate failure estimation for steam generator tubes with a defect draws increasing attention. Although several guidelines have been developed and are used for assessing the integrity of defected tubes, most of these guidelines are related to stress corrosion cracking or wall-thinning phenomena. As some of steam generator tubes are also failed due to fretting and so on, alternative failure estimation schemes for relevant defects are required. In this paper, three-dimensional finite element (FE) analyses are carried out under internal pressure condition to simulate the failure behavior of steam generator tubes with different defect configurations; elliptical wastage type, wear scar type and rectangular wastage type defects. Maximum pressures based on material strengths are obtained from more than a hundred FE results to predict the failure of the steam generator tube. After investigating the effect of key parameters such as wastage depth, wastage length and wrap angle, simplified failure estimation equations are proposed in relation to the equivalent stress at the deepest point in wastage region. Comparison of failure pressures predicted according to the proposed estimation scheme with some corresponding burst test data shows good agreement, which provides a confidence in the use of the proposed equations to assess the integrity of steam generator tubes with wear-type defects.
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Low, Wen Bin, James Chien Hsin Lai, and Liang Chun Sung. "40nm Donut Scan Failed Induced by Active Drain/Source Stress Issue." In 2019 30th Annual SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference (ASMC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asmc.2019.8791778.
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Swaminathan, Anuradha, Joy Liao, and Howard Marks. "Symptom or Cause? A Case Study." In ISTFA 2015. ASM International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2015p0264.
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Abstract Although there are many advanced technologies and techniques for silicon diagnostics, effective failure analysis to root cause is getting increasingly challenging, as very often the electrical failure analysis data would point to a symptom that is the result of the defect rather than the actual location of the defect. Therefore, a combination of multiple techniques is often employed so that sensitivity of "the cause of the problem" can be observed. This work compiles a successful analysis with the aid of continuous wave laser voltage probing and soft defect localization techniques and presents three cases that are voltage-sensitive fails. The first case is a 28 nm device which failed at-speed scan. The second case is a 28 nm device failing RAM register BIST with high Vmin and the third case is a scan shift failure in a less than 28nm device.
Reports on the topic "Failed scar"
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Loecker, Florian, Amanah Ramadiah, Kimmo Soramäki, and Will Towning. Building Robust Anti-Fraud & Scam Capabilities at the National Level. FNA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.69701/ektb6000.
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The introduction of instant payment systems around the world has accelerated in recent years. There are now over 80 instant payment systems globally, with more than 35 being launched in the last five years and eight currently being built. These systems bring unprecedented speed and efficiency to payments markets, with greater convenience for consumers. However, faster payments also means faster fraud. For example, in Hong Kong, the volume of fraud cases more than doubled in the four years following the introduction of the Faster Payment Service in 2018. Authorized Push Payments (APP) fraud losses - a form of fraud in which victims are manipulated into making instant payments to fraudsters - are expected to climb to $5.25 billion across the US, UK, and India by 2026. Fraudsters use complex and sophisticated transaction schemes that span across banks to conceal the destination of fraudulently acquired funds. This means that no bank has full visibility of this network with their own payments data alone. It also means that standard rules and statistical approaches to fraud detection and prevention based on siloed bank-level data are limited in their effectiveness as they fail to fully capture the network dimension. We argue that the problem can only be efficiently addressed by capturing the full network, including cross-bank payment flows. This can be done by collating payments data into a central data hub that enables: The tracing and tracking of the fund movements in real time, allowing banks to recover funds for victims and identify new mule accounts and schemes faster, as well as reduce the cost of doing so. More accurate methods for fraud detection and risk scoring that employ graph features of the data. Risk scores and features to be provided to banks in real-time via APIs to improve their own fraud models and enable them to make more accurate and faster decisions on stopping fraudulent payments.
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Raymond, Kara, Laura Palacios, Cheryl McIntyre, and Evan Gwilliam. Status of climate and water resources at Chiricahua National Monument, Coronado National Memorial, and Fort Bowie National Historic Site: Water year 2019. National Park Service, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293370.
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Climate and hydrology are major drivers of ecosystems. They dramatically shape ecosystem structure and function, particularly in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. Understanding changes in climate, groundwater, and water quality and quantity is central to assessing the condition of park biota and key cultural resources. The Sonoran Desert Network collects data on climate, groundwater, and surface water at 11 National Park Service units in southern Arizona and New Mexico. This report provides an integrated look at climate, groundwater, and springs conditions at Chiricahua National Monument (NM), Coronado National Memorial (NMem), and Fort Bowie National Historic Site (NHS) during water year (WY) 2019 (October 2018–September 2019). Overall annual precipitation at Chiricahua NM and Coronado NMem in WY2019 was approximately the same as the normals for 1981–2010. (The weather station at Fort Bowie NHS had missing values on 275 days, so data were not presented for that park.) Fall and winter rains were greater than normal. The monsoon season was generally weaker than normal, but storm events related to Hurricane Lorena led to increased late-season rain in September. Mean monthly maximum temperatures were generally cooler than normal at Chiricahua, whereas mean monthly minimum temperatures were warmer than normal. Temperatures at Coronado were more variable relative to normal. The reconnaissance drought index (RDI) indicated that Chiricahua NM was slightly wetter than normal. (The WY2019 RDI could not be calculated for Coronado NMem due to missing data.) The five-year moving mean of annual precipitation showed both park units were experiencing a minor multi-year precipitation deficit relative to the 39-year average. Mean groundwater levels in WY2019 increased at Fort Bowie NHS, and at two of three wells monitored at Chiricahua NM, compared to WY2018. Levels in the third well at Chiricahua slightly decreased. By contrast, water levels declined in five of six wells at Coronado NMem over the same period, with the sixth well showing a slight increase over WY2018. Over the monitoring record (2007–present), groundwater levels at Chiricahua have been fairly stable, with seasonal variability likely caused by transpiration losses and recharge from runoff events in Bonita Creek. At Fort Bowie’s WSW-2, mean groundwater level was also relatively stable from 2004 to 2019, excluding temporary drops due to routine pumping. At Coronado, four of the six wells demonstrated increases (+0.30 to 11.65 ft) in water level compared to the earliest available measurements. Only WSW-2 and Baumkirchner #3 have shown net declines (-17.31 and -3.80 feet, respectively) at that park. Springs were monitored at nine sites in WY2019 (four sites at Chiricahua NM; three at Coronado NMem, and two at Fort Bowie NHS). Most springs had relatively few indications of anthropogenic or natural disturbance. Anthropogenic disturbance included modifications to flow, such as dams, berms, or spring boxes. Examples of natural disturbance included game trails, scat, or evidence of flooding. Crews observed 0–6 facultative/obligate wetland plant taxa and 0–3 invasive non-native species at each spring. Across the springs, crews observed six non-native plant species: common mullein (Verbascum thapsus), spiny sowthistle (Sonchus asper), common sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus), Lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana), rabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis), and red brome (Bromus rubens). Baseline data on water quality and water chemistry were collected at all nine sites. It is likely that that all nine springs had surface water for at least some part of WY2019, though temperature sensors failed at two sites. The seven sites with continuous sensor data had water present for most of the year. Discharge was measured at eight sites and ranged from < 1 L/minute to 16.5 L/minute.
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Raymond, Kara, Laura Palacios, Cheryl McIntyre, and Evan Gwilliam. Status of climate and water resources at Saguaro National Park: Water year 2019. Edited by Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2288717.
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Climate and hydrology are major drivers of ecosystems. They dramatically shape ecosystem structure and function, particularly in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. Understanding changes in climate, groundwater, and water quality and quantity is central to assessing the condition of park biota and key cultural resources. The Sonoran Desert Network collects data on climate, groundwater, and surface water at 11 National Park Service units in south-ern Arizona and New Mexico. This report provides an integrated look at climate, groundwater, and springs conditions at Saguaro National Park (NP) during water year 2019 (October 2018–September 2019). Annual rainfall in the Rincon Mountain District was 27.36" (69.49 cm) at the Mica Mountain RAWS station and 12.89" (32.74 cm) at the Desert Research Learning Center Davis station. February was the wettest month, accounting for nearly one-quarter of the annual rainfall at both stations. Each station recorded extreme precipitation events (>1") on three days. Mean monthly maximum and minimum air temperatures were 25.6°F (-3.6°C) and 78.1°F (25.6°C), respectively, at the Mica Mountain station, and 37.7°F (3.2°C) and 102.3°F (39.1°C), respectively, at the Desert Research Learning Center station. Overall temperatures in WY2019 were cooler than the mean for the entire record. The reconnaissance drought index for the Mica Mountain station indicated wetter conditions than average in WY2019. Both of the park’s NOAA COOP stations (one in each district) had large data gaps, partially due to the 35-day federal government shutdown in December and January. For this reason, climate conditions for the Tucson Mountain District are not reported. The mean groundwater level at well WSW-1 in WY2019 was higher than the mean for WY2018. The water level has generally been increasing since 2005, reflecting the continued aquifer recovery since the Central Avra Valley Storage and Recovery Project came online, recharging Central Arizona Project water. Water levels at the Red Hills well generally de-clined starting in fall WY2019, continuing through spring. Monsoon storms led to rapid water level increases. Peak water level occurred on September 18. The Madrona Pack Base well water level in WY2019 remained above 10 feet (3.05 m) below measuring point (bmp) in the fall and winter, followed by a steep decline starting in May and continuing until the end of September, when the water level rebounded following a three-day rain event. The high-est water level was recorded on February 15. Median water levels in the wells in the middle reach of Rincon Creek in WY2019 were higher than the medians for WY2018 (+0.18–0.68 ft/0.05–0.21 m), but still generally lower than 6.6 feet (2 m) bgs, the mean depth-to-water required to sustain juvenile cottonwood and willow trees. RC-7 was dry in June–September, and RC-4 was dry in only September. RC-5, RC-6 and Well 633106 did not go dry, and varied approximately 3–4 feet (1 m). Eleven springs were monitored in the Rincon Mountain District in WY2019. Most springs had relatively few indications of anthropogenic or natural disturbance. Anthropogenic disturbance included spring boxes or other modifications to flow. Examples of natural disturbance included game trails and scat. In addition, several sites exhibited slight disturbance from fires (e.g., burned woody debris and adjacent fire-scarred trees) and evidence of high-flow events. Crews observed 1–7 taxa of facultative/obligate wetland plants and 0–3 invasive non-native species at each spring. Across the springs, crews observed four non-native plant species: rose natal grass (Melinis repens), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), crimson fountaingrass (Cenchrus setaceus), and red brome (Bromus rubens). Baseline data on water quality and chemistry were collected at all springs. It is likely that that all springs had surface water for at least some part of WY2019. However, temperature sensors to estimate surface water persistence failed...