Academic literature on the topic 'Fair and Equitable Contract'

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Journal articles on the topic "Fair and Equitable Contract"

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Akmal, Akmal, and Elfitra Azliyanti. "Developing Psychological Contracts of Justice in Improving Employee's Satisfaction at Perum Damri." AMAR (Andalas Management Review) 3, no. 1 (2019): 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/amar.3.1.55-75.2019.

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This study aims to examine the predictors and consequences of a fair psychology contract. There are relationships between the degree of reciprocal trust and fair psychological contracts, reward mechanisms for fair psychology contracts, assessment of actual performance to a psychological contract of justice, intrinsic motivation to equitable psychology contracts, equitable psychological contracts on job satisfaction and Intrinsic motivation and Job satisfaction. The population of this study is 205 staff at Perum Damri Regional Division II and data was collected using a purposive sampling techni
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DiMatteo, L. A. "Soft Law and the Principle of Fair and Equitable Decision Making in International Contract Arbitration." Chinese Journal of Comparative Law 1, no. 2 (2013): 221–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjcl/cxt013.

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Florou, Aikaterini. "Adverse Inferences and Penalty Default Rules in International Investment Arbitration: A Policy Approach to the Production of Evidence." Journal of International Dispute Settlement 10, no. 3 (2019): 423–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnlids/idz009.

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Abstract Investor-state dispute settlement relies heavily on the production of evidence. Evidence is certainly a necessary condition for a fair trial, but is it sufficient? Instances of ‘guerrilla tactics’ and non-substantiated claims are increasingly common. In a world of costly litigation, the availability of appropriate and reliable evidence is crucial for avoiding accusations of ideologically-driven decisions and achieving a ‘fair and equitable’ resolution of a dispute. Against this background, the present article uses an interdisciplinary analysis drawn from contract theory and transactio
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Yusof, Rosylin Bt Mohd, Akhmad Affandi Mahfudz, Ahmad Suki Che Mohamed Arif, and Nor Hayati Ahmad. "Rental index rate as an alternative to interest rate in Musharakah Mutanaqisah home financing." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 9, no. 3 (2016): 397–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-11-2015-0141.

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Purpose This paper aims to propose a new pricing alternative called Rental Rate Index (RR-I) that captures the true value of property to be used by Islamic banks in Musharakah Mutanaqisah (MM) contract for home financing. Design/methodology/approach By formulating a profit rate based on Rental Index (RI) and House Price Index (HPI), the proposed rate eliminates conventional profit rate benchmarking, and, at the same time, suggests a fair, equitable and sustainable financing. This new RR-I (measured by RPI/HPI) enables computerization of the MM system in home financing to be easily implemented.
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Milevsky, Moshe A., and Thomas S. Salisbury. "EQUITABLE RETIREMENT INCOME TONTINES: MIXING COHORTS WITHOUT DISCRIMINATING." ASTIN Bulletin 46, no. 3 (2016): 571–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asb.2016.19.

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AbstractThere is growing interest in the design of pension annuities that insure against idiosyncratic longevity risk while pooling and sharing systematic risk. This is partially motivated by the desire to reduce capital and reserve requirements while retaining the value of mortality credits; see for example, Piggott et al. (2005) or Donnelly et al. (2014). In this paper, we generalize the natural retirement income tontine introduced by Milevsky and Salisbury (2015) by combining heterogeneous cohorts into one pool. We engineer this scheme by allocating tontine shares at either a premium or a d
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Gross-Camp, Nicole D., Adrian Martin, Shawn McGuire, Bereket Kebede, and Joseph Munyarukaza. "Payments for ecosystem services in an African protected area: exploring issues of legitimacy, fairness, equity and effectiveness." Oryx 46, no. 1 (2012): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605311001372.

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AbstractWe explore the potential for payments for ecosystem services (PES) to reconcile conservation and development goals, using a case study of an experimental PES intervention around the Nyungwe National Park in Rwanda. The scheme involves the purchase of biodiversity conservation services from local communities in four selected locations. Although a portion of the payment is awarded at the household level, it is the collective action of the community that determines the level of the payment. Contracts are negotiated annually and include performance indicators within each participating comm
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David, Miriam E. "Learning from Innovative International Research on Higher Education: How to Conceptualise Equity for Policy, Practice and Pedagogies in Higher Education." Research in Comparative and International Education 6, no. 4 (2011): 430–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/rcie.2011.6.4.430.

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In this article, the author draws together the diverse approaches to equity and widening participation found in the innovative international research conducted in Ghana and Tanzania by contrast with those in the ‘global North’, using the United Kingdom as a case study. In particular, the author considers the utility of equity scorecards around the theme of the three Rs – recruitment, retention and results – in the context of very diverse national and international cultures and contexts. The focus of these scorecards is on equity in terms of gender, age and socio-economic backgrounds. Using res
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Bolton, P. "Grounds for dispensing with public tender procedures in Government Contracting." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 9, no. 2 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2006/v9i2a2822.

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The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa1 provides that organs of state must comply with five principles when procuring goods or services: procurement procedures must be fair, equitable, transparent, competitive and cost-effective. In short, this means that organs of state should make use of competition when procuring goods or services. They should shop around and attract the maximum number of contractors who will participate in such competition. The aim should be the attainment of value for money, meaning, public money should be spent in an effective and efficient manner. Those who pa
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Finnane, Mark. "Law as Politics: Chinese Litigants in Australian Colonial Courts." Journal of Chinese Overseas 9, no. 2 (2013): 193–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341259.

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Abstract The recent historiography of Chinese in Australia has emphasised their vigorous formation of a local identity and community even in the face of recurrent and expanding threats of exclusion from colonial life. In their ready embrace of legal remedies to redress what they saw as discrimination or other harms, the Chinese were exemplar colonial settlers who looked to the law to protect them. In colonial appeal courts, Chinese litigants challenged migration controls, contested convictions under opium restriction and gambling laws, sought equitable outcomes in property inheritance and chal
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Kriebaum, Ursula. "The Relevance of Economic and Political Conditions for Protection under Investment Treaties." Law and Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 10, no. 3 (2011): 383–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180311x594122.

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Abstract Some treaty standards for the protection of investments, like national treatment and MFN, are variable. They depend upon standards granted to the host State's nationals or to investors from third States. By contrast, standards like fair and equitable treatment and full protection and security provide fixed reference points. The question arises whether these reference points are the same for all states regardless of their level of development and their economic, social and political circumstances at the time of the investment. Some arbitral tribunals have been prepared to consider the
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fair and Equitable Contract"

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Merlin, Claire. "L'équité dans l'ordre juridique international." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0013.

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Bien « qu’elle hante le droit depuis ses origines », il est, encore aujourd’hui malaisé de préciser la teneur de l’équité et d’appréhender ses rapports avec le droit. Présente dans l’ensemble des branches du droit, elle joue un rôle déterminant en droit international. En effet, le droit international, reste l’une des terres d’élection de l’équité. En nous fondant sur une analyse et une cartographie précise de l’équité présente dans l’ordre juridique international, nous montrerons que l’équité se révèle être une notion transversale, marginale, singulière et complémentaire du droit au sein de l’
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Paparinskis, Martins. "International minimum standard and fair and equitable treatment." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527366.

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Fouret, Julien. "The notion of fair and equitable treatment of foreign direct investment /." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80921.

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To be fair and equitable are aims inherent in most legal systems, whether domestic or international, but are usually tacitly stated. With respect to foreign direct investment (FDI) they constitute a standard of treatment which lacks a clear definition. Nevertheless, the recurrence of this standard in conventional instruments makes it one of the focal points of this branch of international law.<br>The main goal of this thesis is to explore and understand the standard of fair and equitable treatment. To understand its definition, it is first necessary to undertake a theoretical analysis o
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Schernbeck, Andrea [Verfasser]. "Der Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard in internationalen Investitionsschutzabkommen / Andrea Schernbeck." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1110062680/34.

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Pinchis-Paulsen, Mona. "Fair and equitable treatment in international trade and investment law, 1919-1956." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/fair-and-equitable-treatment-in-international-trade-and-investment-law-1919--1956(1fd522e3-9a9c-4682-b12e-d164ba1e08f1).html.

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This thesis traces the development of the ‘fair and equitable treatment’ concept in international trade law, first, following its appearance after World War I as a principle for inter-State trade relations, and then, after World War II, its fertilization into international investment law and policy. The thesis is based on extensive research into archived primary materials from 1918 to 1961. It focuses on three ‘moments’ in time: i) the League of Nations’ reliance on equitable treatment to address indirect forms of trade protectionism in the 1930s; ii) the use of the equitable treatment concept
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Higa, Silva César, and Chung Víctor Saco. "Constitutionalization of international investment law: Indirect expropriation cases, fair and equitable treatment." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115320.

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The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of international investment law rules in the Economic Constitutional Law, especially those included in investment chapters of Peruvian’s Free Trade Treaties. In particular, it is expected to demonstrate the following (i) International Investment Law is part of Peruvian Legal System; (ii) provisions of these laws are mandatory and should be applied domestically; and (iii) interpretation and implementation of this legal right should be executed consistently with domestic legal system and Peruvian international obligations. This agreed Interpreta
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Pandya, Abhijit P. G. "Interpretations and coherence of the fair and equitable treatment standard in investment treaty arbitration." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/338/.

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The fundamental aims of this thesis is to demonstrate problems regarding key forms of liability formulated under the Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard (‘FET’ hereinafter). These are problems that are likely to occur for developing countries who are attempting to prevent future breaches of the same type illustrated in the current jurisprudence, through developing appropriate responses. Principal Propositions: This thesis will propose the following regarding the FET standard: 1. The FET standard has been used to create rules. 2. The rules created under the FET standard operate on state insti
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Du, Kangping. "A reconstruction of fair and equitable treatment from the perspective of human rights protection." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0029.

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Le débat portant sur la relation entre la protection des droits de l'homme et la protection des investissements étrangers n’est pas nouveau. Quand cette dernière et la protection des droits de l'homme des peuples locaux s'opposent, quelle solution le régime du droit de l'investissement devrait-il proposer? Est-il possible d'inclure la protection des droits de l'homme des investisseurs étrangers dans le régime du droit international de l'investissement? Il faudrait trouver le moyen de rendre le régime du droit international de l'investissement compatible avec le régime du droit international de
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Örn, Sagrelius Lizzie. "Fair and Equitable Participation? : A case study of access and benefit sharing processes in India and Samoa." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-305362.

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The third main objective of the Convention on Biological Diversity aims to guarantee that the process of using traditional knowledge in research and development of new products is fair and equitable. The framework put in place for implementing this third objective, access and benefit sharing, is supposed to enable and ensure the participation of traditional knowledge holders. Using a qualitative study to examine two cases of access and benefit sharing, the TBGRI-Kani case and the Samoan-Mamala case, this thesis seeks to develop an understanding of how power structures affect these processes. D
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Lister, Diane. "Negotiating the impossible? : the pursuit of fair and equitable relationships between landlords and under 25s in the private rented sector." Thesis, University of York, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14004/.

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Relationships between landlords and young people, (those under 25), in the private rented sector (PRS) in England and Wales raise a number of important issues for social policy, housing policy and legislation. Firstly, the PRS performs a key role in accommodating young single people who are disproportionately represented in the sector, as access to other tenures is limited. Secondly, successive policy initiatives and legislation have transformed the letting environment in the PRS in conjunction with limiting the resources available to young people to finance accommodation in the sector. Thirdl
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Books on the topic "Fair and Equitable Contract"

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Mulla, Dinshah Fardunji, Sir, 1868-1934., Padia R. G, India, and India, eds. Indian contract & specific relief acts. LexisNexis Butterworths, 2006.

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Authorities, Association of Metropolitan. Contract compliance: the fair deal. The Association, 1988.

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Kläger, Roland, and Roland Kläger. 'Fair and Equitable Treatment' in International Investment Law. Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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'Fair and Equitable Treatment' in International Investment Law. Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Thel, Steve. Contract enforcement: Specific performance and injunctions. 2nd ed. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2011.

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Contract enforcement: Specific performance and injunctions. Little, Brown, 1989.

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Tsioumani, Elsa. Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing in Agriculture: Reinventing Agrarian Justice. Taylor & Francis, 2020.

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Palombino, Fulvio Maria. Fair and Equitable Treatment and the Fabric of General Principles. T.M.C. Asser Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-210-1.

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Bangia, R. K. Law of contract and specific relief: With special emphasis on law of tenders. Madras Law Journal Office, 1994.

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The core standard of international investment protection: Fair and equitable treatment. Kluwer Law International, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fair and Equitable Contract"

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Dumberry, Patrick. "Fair and Equitable Treatment." In Studies in European Economic Law and Regulation. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98361-5_5.

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Tsioumani, Elsa. "Moving beyond fair and equitable benefit-sharing." In Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing in Agriculture. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429198304-4.

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Crippen, David W. "The Fair and Equitable Health Care Act." In ICU Resource Allocation in the New Millennium. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3866-3_31.

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Tyagi, Himanshu, A. K. Gosain, and Rakesh Khosa. "What Constitutes a Fair and Equitable Water Apportionment?" In Water Resources and Environmental Engineering I. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2044-6_1.

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Ferradi, Houda, Rémi Géraud, Diana Maimuț, David Naccache, and David Pointcheval. "Legally Fair Contract Signing Without Keystones." In Applied Cryptography and Network Security. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39555-5_10.

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Tsioumani, Elsa. "Introduction." In Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing in Agriculture. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429198304-1.

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Tsioumani, Elsa. "Fair and equitable benefit-sharing in agricultural research and development." In Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing in Agriculture. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429198304-2.

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Tsioumani, Elsa. "Fair and equitable benefit-sharing in land governance for sustainable agriculture." In Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing in Agriculture. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429198304-3.

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Tsioumani, Elsa. "Exploring grassroots initiatives from the seed to the landscape." In Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing in Agriculture. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429198304-5.

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Tsioumani, Elsa. "Conclusions and a research agenda." In Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing in Agriculture. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429198304-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fair and Equitable Contract"

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Abbasi, Mohsen, Aditya Bhaskara, and Suresh Venkatasubramanian. "Fair Clustering via Equitable Group Representations." In FAccT '21: 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3442188.3445913.

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"FAIR AND EFFICIENT RESOURCE ALLOCATION - Bicriteria Models for Equitable Optimization." In 5th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001485601490156.

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Gaber, T., and Ning Zhang. "Fair and Abuse-Free Contract Signing Protocol Supporting Fair License Reselling." In 2011 4th IFIP International Conference on New Technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ntms.2011.5721064.

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Payeras-Capella, Magdalena, Macia Mut-Puigserver, and Miquel Angel Cabot-Nadal. "Smart Contract for Multiparty Fair Certified Notifications." In 2018 Sixth International Symposium on Computing and Networking Workshops (CANDARW). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/candarw.2018.00089.

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Maruyama, Hiroshi, Taiga Nakamura, and Tony Hsieh. "Optimistic fair contract signing for Web services." In the 2003 ACM workshop. ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/968559.968572.

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Freeman, Rupert, Sujoy Sikdar, Rohit Vaish, and Lirong Xia. "Equitable Allocations of Indivisible Goods." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/40.

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In fair division, equitability dictates that each participant receives the same level of utility. In this work, we study equitable allocations of indivisible goods among agents with additive valuations. While prior work has studied (approximate) equitability in isolation, we consider equitability in conjunction with other well-studied notions of fairness and economic efficiency. We show that the Leximin algorithm produces an allocation that satisfies equitability up to any good and Pareto optimality. We also give a novel algorithm that guarantees Pareto optimality and equitability up to one go
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Puškár, Ivan. "THE FAIR AND EQUITABLE TREATMENT STANDARD - CUSTOMARY RULE OF INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT LAW?" In 3rd Law & Political Science Conference, Lisbon. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/lpc.2018.003.005.

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Wen-jun, Luo, Tong Ling, Fu Zu-feng, and Peng Chang-gen. "Fair Contract Signing Protocol Based on Short Signature." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Information Technology and Computer Science (ITCS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itcs.2010.69.

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Zhang, Qing, Qiaoyan Wen, and Gengli Chen. "Efficient Fair Contract Signing Protocol from Bilinear Pairings." In 2008 International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isecs.2008.115.

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Bodkhe, Bhagyashree, and Pallavi Jain. "An efficient free fair contract signing protocol using OTPK." In 2013 Tenth International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks - (WOCN). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wocn.2013.6616226.

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Reports on the topic "Fair and Equitable Contract"

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Gold, Norman, Magaly Lavadenz, Martha Hernández, and Shelly Spiegel-Coleman. Equitable and Fair Assessments of English Learners in California’s New Assessment System. CEEL, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.article.2013.1.

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This article focuses on the assessment needs that are unique to English learners (ELs) and provides a comprehensive set of recommendations regarding their equitable and fair assessment. Specific recommendations are provided for when to assess ELs, accommodations for ELs, and the budget and infrastructure that necessary to support these accommodations. The authors expect that these recommendations resonate with state leaders and policymakers as the state of California transitions to a new state assessment system.
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Jennings, Steve, Erinch Sahan, and Alex Maitland. Fair Value: Case studies of business structures for a more equitable distribution of value in food supply chains. Oxfam; 3Keel, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2017.2234.

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