Academic literature on the topic 'Fallow phase'
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Journal articles on the topic "Fallow phase"
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Njarui, D. M. G., and J. G. Mureithi. "Evaluation of lablab and velvet bean fallows in a maize production system for improved livestock feed supply in semiarid tropical Kenya." Animal Production Science 50, no. 3 (2010): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an09137.
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The mixed crop–livestock farming systems of semiarid tropical Kenya are characterised by low livestock feed supply. The contribution of lablab and velvet bean to fodder production in a maize production system was investigated in the eastern region of Kenya. The experiment was run in three cycles, where each cycle consisted of a short legume fallow phase of ~6 months, followed by a maize-cropping phase. At the end of the fallow phase, the legume herbage was incorporated in soil at three levels; 0, 50 and 100% of total DM yield and maize planted. Maize yield from the legume fallow plots was compared with maize grown after natural fallow and maize top-dressed with 40 kg nitrogen/ha and nil nitrogen fertiliser. Overall, herbage DM yield was highest in velvet bean (3.9 t/ha) followed by lablab (3.4 t/ha) and lowest in natural fallow (2.2 t/ha). Mean crude protein from velvet bean was 13.5% of DM, which was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of lablab (8.4% of DM) and natural weedy fallow (3.5% of DM). Maize grain yield following lablab fallow was 38% (3569 kg/ha) and 27% (1810 kg/ha) in short rains (SR) 2002 and SR 2004, respectively, higher than maize succeeding natural fallow. However, maize planted after velvet bean fallow was 43% (3728 kg/ha) and 29.4% (1828 kg/ha) in SR 2002 and SR 2004, respectively, higher than in maize grown after natural fallow. Generally, the highest maize yield among the fallows was recorded in plots where legumes were incorporated in soil at 50% of total DM implying that the other 50% was available for livestock feed. Maize stovers DM yields were highest at the higher (100%) and middle (50%) level of legume incorporation, and yields were more than those from natural weedy fallow. Maize production under the legume fallow system was more profitable than from natural weedy fallows. It was concluded that if lablab and velvet bean are integrated in cropping systems as fallows, they can provide highly nutritious livestock feeds and improve maize yield and are recommended in the maize production systems within semiarid tropical Kenya.
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Ramchhanliana, Hauchhum, and K. Tripathi S. "Rhizosphere Effects of Melocanna baccifera on Soil Microbial Properties under Different Fallow Phases Following Shifting Cultivation." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 17, no. 1 (2017): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJPSS/2017/34493.
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Rhizosphere plays an important role in regulating soil fertility and nutrient cycling in different ecosystems. Bamboos are important secondary successional plants in fallow land that have strong impact on the soil fertility of different fallow lands. The main objectives of the present study is to examined the rhizosphere effects of bamboo (<em>Melocanna baccifera</em>) on soil microbial properties (soil organic carbon, SOC; total nitrogen, TN; microbial biomass C and N, MBC and MBN; dehydrogenase activity, DHA; acid phosphatase activity, APA; β-glucosidase activity, GSA) in rhizosphere (RS) and bulk soil (BS) in shifting cultivation stand with different fallow phase (2 years old, FP-2; 5 years old, FP-5; and 10 years old fallow, FP-10) in Mizoram. The result indicated that soil microbial properties were significantly higher (<em>p</em><0.05) in RS compared to BS. Further, the level of microbial properties significantly increases in longer fallow (FP-10) compared to shorter fallow (FP-2 and FP-5). On contrary, magnitude of rhizosphere effect of <em>M. baccifera</em> was greater in shorter fallow phase compared to longer fallow phase for all microbial properties except in APA and GSA. It was concluded that the rhizosphere effect of bamboo in shorter fallow is microbial mediated under C and nutrient limited conditions and in longer fallow the same is regulated by the accumulated organic matter and the available nutrients. Further studies are needed to assess the changes in secondary successional plant rhizosphere microbes under different fallow phases.
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Mafongoya, Paramu, Obert Jiri, and Mutondwa Phophi. "Evaluation of Tillage Practices for Maize (Zea mays) Grown on Different Land-Use Systems in Eastern Zambia." Sustainable Agriculture Research 5, no. 1 (2015): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v5n1p10.
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<p>Improved fallows of <em>Sesbania sesban</em> (Sesbania) have been known to improve soil physical and chemical properties and increase crop yield compared to traditional fallows. However, the effects of soil tillage practices after improved fallows on soil properties, weeds, labour and subsequent maize crop have not been assessed in Southern Africa. This study aimed to evaluate how tillage practices affect yield of maize and affect soil properties after two years of fallow and subsequent cropping phase. In this study, done at sites in eastern Zambia, maize yield from a two-year planted Sesbania, natural fallow, continuously fertilized and unfertilized maize were compared under conventional, flat till and zero tillage practices. A split plot experiment, with improved fallow systems in the main plot and the tillage practice in the subplot, was established at the sites. The results showed that the increases in grain yield under conventional tillage over zero tillage practice were 17.8% and 28.2% during 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 seasons, respectively, at Msekera. At Chadiza, the increases in grain yield under conventional tillage over zero tillage were 66.3% and 327.4% during 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 seasons, respectively. Greater maize yields were achieved under Sesbania planted fallows compared to the natural fallow and maize monoculture without fertilizer. Overall, zero tillage practice resulted in lower maize grain yield, higher bulk density, reduced water intake, higher weed infestation and high labour demand during weeding compared to conventional tillage.</p>
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Yazid, H., A. Wibowo, and Kustiyo Kustiyo. "Spatial distribution of rice planting pattern using sentinel-1a sar in pabuaran subdistrict, subang regency, indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1089, no. 1 (2022): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1089/1/012041.
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Abstract The Monitoring of paddy fields conducts to guarantee national food data. One of the ways is to use the Sentinel-1A (Synthetic-Aperture Radar) system with a spatial resolution of 10 meters and able to penetrate the clouds. The purpose of this research is the identification of the spatial distribution of rice planting period and planting patterns within one year. The variable is a value of rice plating period based on backscattered value on Sentinel-1A imagery. The image analysis method used supervised maximum likelihood classification with training sample based on ground truth survey to generate rice planting period. The rice planting periods was land preparation, vegetative, reproductive, generative, and fallow phase. The results showed that the backscatter value in the land preparation phase was very low (-25.81 dB), then continued to increase upon entering the vegetative phase (-20.64 dB), which achieve maximum value on reproductive phase (-14.82 dB). At the time of paddy field entering the generative phase, the backscatter value would drop to averages -17.76 dB. The fallow phase is characterized by backscatter values that are ascending or not patterned due to the absence of roughness changes on the paddy field’s surface. The results of the study found there are three times of rice planting period in Pabuaran Subdistrict. Moreover, the research found there are six rice planting patterns, which are (1) paddy-paddy-paddy, (2) paddy-paddy-fallow, (3) paddy-fallow-paddy, (4) fallow-paddy-paddy, (5) paddy-fallow-fallow, and (6) fallow-paddy-fallow. This research concludes that spatial distribution dominated with rice planting patterns is paddy-fallow-paddy and distributed spread around Pabuaran Subdistrict.
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Mason, IB, and RA Fischer. "Tillage practices and the growth and yield of wheat in southern New South Wales: Lockhart, in a 450 mm rainfall region." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 26, no. 4 (1986): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9860457.
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Effects of tillage treatments on the wheat crop were compared during a 3-year cropping phase on a red-brown earth which had previously supported subterranean clover. Direct-drilled wheat after long and short herbicide fallows yielded as well as wheat after cultivated fallow, and differed only in terms of small reductions (averaging 12%) in early plant growth. Non-fallow direct-drill crops had, compared with fallow crops, significantly less soil water (34 mm) and mineral nitrogen (30 kg/ha) at sowing in the first season, but not in later ones. However, they always showed reduced early plant growth, averaging 28% less than cultivated crops, and despite a subsequent narrowing of relative differences in growth gave significantly lower (15%) grain yields in the two wetter seasons; only in the second year, a severe drought causing very low yields, did they produce yields equal to those of fallow plots. The use of narrow combine points in direct drilling, giving incomplete soil disturbance, gave yields equal to those obtained with standard points and complete disturbance of the soil surface. However direct drilling with retained stubble - gave lower yields in a wet season. Averaged over 3 seasons, cultivated fallow yielded 2.54 t/ha, herbicide fallow 2.41 t/ha and non-fallow direct drill with stubble burning 2.17 t/ha. It was concluded that non-fallow direct-drill yields suffered because of reduced presowing water storage and reduced early growth, the latter effect was of less final consequence when the spring was dry.
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Lisviananda, N., S. Sugianto, and M. Rusdi. "Rice growth phase analysis in Pidie regency, Indonesia using multitemporal Sentinel-2 image data: a spectral angle mapper approach." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 951, no. 1 (2022): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/951/1/012068.
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Abstract Remote sensing data provides fast and relatively accurate information to retrieve the plant growth phase using spectral analysis. Spectral analysis of plants is the critical point of identifying the stages of rice growth using Sentinel-2 data. Sentinel-2 satellite images were utilized for this study. This study aims to analyze the growth phase of rice in Pidie regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia, as a sample area of the rice-growing site. The Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) approach was performed to describe the plant growth stages. The results show variations in the rice growth phase across the study area for 2019, 2020, and 2021 growing seasons from vegetative, generative, wet fallow, and dry fallow. The most extensive vegetative phase is for April 2021 data, counting for 1,278.16 Ha. The most extensive generative phase was identified of June 2020 data, counting for 1,107.55 Ha. For wet fallow, counting for 949,30 Ha is the largest in this category. A total of 1,311.94 Ha of dry fallow is identified in 2019. The different growth phases and the total area for different years indicate variation in starting for the growing season of the sample location. In this paper, multitemporal Sentinel-2 data analyzed with the SAM approach has demonstrated identifying rice-growing season phases. This finding can help predict the total area along the year for a change of the pattern of the rice-growing season in the last three years of the study area.
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Cooke, JW, GW Ford, RG Dumsday, and ST Willatt. "Effect of fallowing practices on the growth and yield of wheat in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 3 (1985): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9850614.
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The effects on crop establishment, crop development and the yield of wheat of two methods of fallow preparation, at each of three lengths of fallow were investigated over 5 years on red duplex and associated soils in north-central Victoria. The two methods of preparation were: scarifying, which involved the repeated use of a tined tillage implement; and herbicide application, which involved the repeated use of non-residual herbicides to control weeds during the fallow phase. The three lengths of fallow were winter, spring and autumn, which were approximately 10, 8 and 2 months respectively. Grain yield on the scarifier treatments was 0.26 t/ha greater (P<0.10) than on the herbicide treatments. Grain yield on winter fallow was 0.46 and 0.56 t/ha greater (Pt0.01) than on spring and autumn fallows, respectively. Crop yield was positively correlated (R2= 0.49) with soil nitrate determined at the time the crop was sown, but was independent of available soil water content determined at that time. Winter fallowing conserved 15 and 29 mm more water than did spring and autumn fallowing respectively, and mineralized 26 and 28 kg/ha more nitrogen than did spring and autumn fallows respectively. Crop establishment (No. of plants/m of row) on the herbicide treatment was 89% (P< 0.05) of that on the scarifier treatment, but this was not the reason for the reduced grain yield on the herbicide treatment. The lower yields were caused by depressed crop vigour (number of spikes/m of row) which in turn was largely a consequence of the inefficient uptake of nitrogen. The yield benefits of scarifying appear to reflect the importance of the initial two or three cultivations.
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Yoni, Moïse, Aristide Wendyam Sempore, and Kangbéni Dimobe. "Influence of Different Land Management Systems on the Dynamics of Carbon Biodegradability and Nitrogen Mineralization in a Sudanian Savanah Grasslands Soil, Western Burkina Faso." Environment and Natural Resources Research 12, no. 2 (2022): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v12n2p36.
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This study aimed to assess soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) dynamics under fallow lands influenced by the perennial grass Andropogon gayanus and to show how the biological activity is improved during the Sudanian tillage system in the area of Bondoukuy (Western Burkina Faso). Soil samplings were done through cultivated plots (CP), ten (F10) and twenty (F20) years old fallow lands. Measurements were done in thickets and intergrowth areas of the perennial grass in two horizons: the topsoil (0-10 cm) and the subsoil (10-20 cm). Results showed that SOC concentrations are generally higher in the old (0.35%) than in the young fallow lands (0.29%) and in the cultivated plots (0.23%). TN concentrations followed the same pattern (0.022%, 0.017% for the old and young fallows lands and 0.013% for the cultivated plots). The C:N ratio observed (15~20) suggests an important soil organic matter (SOC and TN) maturation state in the fallow lands (F10 and F20) than in the cultivated plots (CP). Soil mineralization is also more important in the two fallow lands than in fields. For the total nitrogen mineralization, we have an important production of mineral nitrogen always in old fallow lands and a positive effect of the thicket on the net mineral nitrogen accumulation (p&lt;0.05). The transition from thicket to intergrowth area permits obtaining positive variations which are relatively significant (p&lt;0.05). A. gayanus fallow lands play an active role in managing SOC and TN dynamics. The most SOC and TN accumulated was found in the topsoil of thickets, where the maximum plant debris is located. Old fallow lands are best conditions for the recovery of SOC and TN from their steady states. Then, when clearing the vegetation for cultivation after the old fallow lands, there is an important input of fresh OM available for plants in the soil for 3 or 4 years. It is recommended to observe the old fallow phase prior to clearing for cropping.
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Grace, PR, JM Oades, H. Keith, and TW Hancock. "Trends in wheat yields and soil organic carbon in the Permanent Rotation Trial at the Waite Agricultural Research Institute, South Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 7 (1995): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950857.
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The Permanent Rotation Trial at the Waite Agricultural Research Institute in South Australia was established on a red-brown earth in 1925, with predominately cereal-long fallow rotations on 34 adjacent plots. The trial was upgraded in 1948 to include a greater proportion of pasture leys in the rotations and currently contains 11 treatments. The trial is unreplicated; however, each phase of a sequence is represented each year. Seven of the original rotations have remained in an unbroken sequence since 1925: continuous wheat (W), wheat-fallow (WF), wheat-peas (WPe), wheat-pasture-fallow (WPaF), wheatoats- fallow (WOF), wheat-barley-peas (WBPe), wheat-oats-pasture-fallow (WOPaF). For the 11 rotations, soil organic carbon (SOC) in the top 10 cm declined from 2.75% in 1925 to a mean value of 1.56% in 1993. One plot, which had reverted to permanent pasture in 1950, showed the smallest decline with an SOC content of 2.46% in 1993. The greatest declines in SOC were in the 4 original rotations that included fallow phases in the sequence (mean value of 1.22%). In the WF rotation the SOC content had declined from 2.75 to 1.04% during 68 years of cropping. Associated yield decreases showed that the treatment could not sustain production. Soil organic C declined linearly with increasing frequency of fallows and decreasing frequency of pasture in the rotations. Average grain yields (1925-93) in the 7 original sequences ranged from 2.64 t/ha in WOPaF to 0.89 t/ha in the continuous W plot. The linear decline in yields for WBPe, WPaF, WPe, and WOF treatments indicate a convergence in the 1990s under current management, with an average yield of 1.54 t/ha in 1993 and average SOC in the top 10 cm of 1.32%. We hypothesise that the gradual increase in grain yields from the continuous W plot since the 1960s is the result of a gradual build-up of light fraction organic material, which assists in the maintainence of structure and nutrient availability.
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Deka, Juri, Dwipendra Thakuria, Alarisa Khyllep, and Giasuddin Ahmed. "Isolation and Functional Characterization of Beneficial Bacteria Associated with Roots of Thysanolaena Maxima and Rhizospheric Soil Enzymatic Activities in Jhum Agriculture." Current Agriculture Research Journal 7, no. 2 (2019): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.7.2.07.
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The activity of amylase (AMY), arylsulphatase (ASA), β-glucosidase (GSA), dehydrogenase (DHA), acid-phosphomonoestarase (PHA) and protease (PRO) enzymes were analyzed in rhizospheric soils of broom grass, Thysanolaena maxima (TM) collected from fallow phases of 5 and 20 years Jhum cycles (F5 and F20, respectively) and their corresponding bulk soils. The activities of soil enzymes from rhizospheric soil of TMF5 were significantly higher relative to that of bulk soils and the rhizospheric soils from TMF20. The counts of rhizobacteria [0.74 ± 0.056 x 107 colony forming unit (cfu) g-1 soil] and root endophytic bacteria (0.083 ± 0.004 x 104 cfu g-1 roots) of TM from F20 fallow phase were higher compared to the counts of rhizobacteria and endophytic bacteria (0.27 ± 0.029 x 107cfu g-1 soil and 0.05 ± 0.008 x 104 cfu g-1 roots, respectively) of TM from F5 fallow phase. Altogether 63 isolates associated with TM were screened for multifaceted plant growth promoting (PGP) traits viz. production of pectinase and cellulase, IAA like substances, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD), N2-fixation, solubilisation of inorganic phosphorus (iP) from Ca3(PO4)2, AlPO4 and FePO4 and mineralization of organic phosphorus (Na-phytate). The PGP screening results indicated that the percent incidence of rhizobacteria and root endophytic bacteria for PGP traits was higher in F5 fallow phase as compared to F20 fallow phase. These results provided clear indication that TM plants play an important role in rejuvenating the biological activities (in terms of higher activities of enzymes in rhizospheric soils and greater population of beneficial rhizobacteria and root endophytes) in frequently burnt soils under shorter Jhum cycles.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fallow phase"
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Kuhlin, Nancy, and Sanna Drigoris. "Mediepresentationer av våld : En studie om faser, utifrån fallet Breivik." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28433.
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Idenna studie har vi undersökt hur massmedier presenterat våldshandlingar övertid. Det som vi undersökt är om det finns urskiljbara faser i massmedialapresentationer av våldshandlingar. Vi har utgått från fallet Breivik och Norgeattentatet2011, som vi menar är ett mediebelyst fall som kan kasta ljus över andravåldshandlingar. Vi har använt oss av Grundad Teori som kvalitativ metod och analyseratsammanlagt 80 stycken tidningsartiklar hämtade från Aftonbladet, Expressen,Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladet. Resultatet visar att det finns urskiljbarafaser och dessa faser har vi benämnt som:Det ofattbara, Kollektiv bearbetningfrån det ofattbara, Det ofattbarapolitiseras och Det ofattbara blir enreferens. Medan tidigare forskning har belyst effekter av medievåld,massmediala skildringar av kvinnor och män, massmediala framställningar övertid och att massmediers framställningar av nyheter, har man i mindreutsträckning studerat den processuella utvecklingen hos våldshandlingar. Vi haranvänt symbolisk interaktionistisk teori för att få en fördjupad förståelse förvårt resultat. Det som vår uppsats tillfört den befintliga forskningen är att viurskilt olika faser gällande hur våld presenteras i massmedia.<br>In this study, we investigated howthe mass media presented theacts of violence over time. What we examined iswhether there are different phasesin the mass media presentationsof violence or not. We used the case Breivik andNorway attacks in 2011, which we think is a mass media highlighted case. And wich may shed light on other acts of violence.Using Grounded Theory we analyzed a total of 80newspaper articles taken from Aftonbladet, Expressen, Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet. The result showsthat there are separate phases and we have referredto these as: The unbelievable, Collective processing from the unbelievable,The unbelievable politicized and The unbelievable becomes a reference. While previous research has highlighted the effects of mass mediaviolence, mass media portrayals of men and women, mass media representationsover time and that media bias, the procedural development of violence has beenless studied. We have used the symbolic interactionist theory to gain a deeperunderstanding of our results. The value of this study for the existing researchis that we distinguished different phases regarding how the violence presentedin the mass media.
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Liu, Di. "Multi-phase empirical investigation and path modeling of construction workers' use of personal fall arrest systems." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1230871535.
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Nyström, Helena. "Parkinson’s disease : the prodromal phase and consequences with respect to working life." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Geriatrik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-120215.
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Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common, progressive neurodegenerative disorder, recognized by the motor symptoms of bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural impairment. At clinical onset, extensive amounts of dopaminergic neurons have already been lost. The duration of this prodromal phase is uncertain, and it is thought to include predominantly non-motor symptoms. The progressive nature and the symptoms of PD are disabling and reduces the quality of life. Among patients affected in working age, early cessation of employment is common, and such socioeconomic consequences of PD may contribute to an impaired quality of life. The aims of this thesis were to investigate the life situation for people affected by PD in working age, with attention to factors of importance for quality of life and working situation, and to evaluate long-term associations between potential prodromal signs and the later development of PD.Methods: We used a postal survey to investigate the self-perceived life situation among working-aged individuals with PD compared to matched controls, with a specific attention to socioeconomic consequences of disease (paper I). To investigate risk markers preceding the diagnosis of PD (paper II-IV), we used data from nationwide registers. Study II was performed as a cohort study, based on the Swedish Military Service Conscription Register, and study III-IV were performed as nested case-control studies based on a cohort comprising all Swedish citizens aged ≥50 years in 2005.Results: In the survey study (paper I), 38% of the PD participants and 9% of the controls were dissatisfied with life as a whole, and the working situation was an independent risk factor for dissatisfaction with life. In total, 59% of the PD participants had reduced working hours or stopped working due to PD, and many PD participants struggled to cope with their work demands. Support from employer was associated with a higher likelihood to remain employed.We found that low muscle strength in young adulthood, (paper II) and depression (paper III) were associated with an increased risk of PD over follow-up times of more than 2 decades, and that patients with PD were at increased risk of fall-related injuries, hip fractures in particular, a decade or more before the PD diagnosis (paper IV). For depression and fall-related injuries, the association with PD was clearly time-dependent, strongest in the last years before the diagnosis of PD.Conclusions: The results suggest that the prodromal phase of PD may last for more than 2 decades and include also motor symptoms. The consequences of PD include a reduced quality of life associated with the working situation. Employer’s support appear to be particularly important for a successful vocational rehabilitation.
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Cortella, Laurent. "Étude de la germination des métaux réfractaires élaborés dans le tube à chute libre de Grenoble." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG0008.
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Des etudes de germination dans les metaux refractaires sont menees dans un tube a chute libre de 50 m sous ultra-vide, associant elaboration sans contact et etat d'impesanteur. Apres un rappel des principaux concepts theoriques, les differents moyens experimentaux sont decrits permettant de situer l'apport du tube pour traiter les materiaux de la moitie superieure du domaine de temperature de fusion (zr, ir, nb, mo, ta, re, w pour ce travail). La surfusion, obtenue par refroidissement radiatif, est suivie d'une solidification hors equilibre caracterisee par le phenomene rapide de recalescence. La methode de la goutte pendante assure un etat initial extremement reproductible aux echantillons. La determination de la temperature de germination suivant la loi du refroidissement conduit a une resolution parfois inferieure a 5 k. Cette temperature est aussi mesuree par une pyrometrie monochromatique exploitant la hauteur du pic de recalescence au point x du materiau. Les surfusions enregistrees sont importantes, jusqu'a 900 k pour les rhenium. A l'exception du zirconium, les differences de surfusion relative, du tungstene (0. 15) au rhenium (0. 26), sont interpretees dans le cadre de la theorie classique de la germination homogene en considerant les entropies de fusion et les energies d'interface solide-liquide correlees aux tensions superficielles liquide-vapeur mesurees par ailleurs. L'analyse statistique des evenements de germination permet la confrontation des termes preexponentiels experimentaux et theoriques, accreditant une germination homogene pour re et nb, et sans doute w, ir et ta. Une partie des gouttes de ta et zr echappent a ce processus. Des doubles recalescences observees pour quelques echantillons de ta et re sont interpretees comme la signature d'une germination heterogene de leur phase metastable respective a15 et cfc, suivie de celle de leur phase stable a partir du liquide restant encore surfondu
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Tseitlin, Musii, and Valentina Raiko. "Ratio between heat and mass transfer when concentrating the solution in a cooling tower." Thesis, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/42106.
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The ratio between the intensity of the mass transfer in gas and the heat transfer in liquid during the evaporative solution concentration has been studied. It was determined that the share of liquid resistance in the total resistance to enthalpy transfer increases in the temperature range from 30 to 50°C by almost 2 times, and reaches 40 %. The technique has been developed for the separate determination of the mass transfer coefficients in gas and heat transfer in liquid.<br>Досліджено співвідношення між інтенсивністю масопереносу в газі та передачею тепла в рідині під час концентрації випарного розчину. Встановлено, що частка опору рідини в загальному опорі переносу ентальпії зростає в діапазоні температур від 30 до 50 ° С майже в 2 рази, досягає 40%. Розроблена методика для окремого визначення коефіцієнтів масопереносу в газі і теплопередачі в рідині.
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Le, Goïc Maëva. "Etude du contrôle postural chez l'homme : analyse des facteurs neurophysiologiques, biomécaniques et cognitifs, impliqués dans les 500 premières millisecondes d'une chute." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01002633.
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La chute chez les seniors constitue un problème de santé publique. Citée comme la seconde cause de décès accidentel dans le monde, elle concerne un tiers des Français de plus de 65 ans. Les séquelles physiques et fonctionnelles qui en résultent, les conséquences psychosociales nuisibles pour la qualité de la vie, la perte d'autonomie et son coût de prise en charge justifient l'attention qui lui est actuellement portée. Du point de vue du chercheur, les interprétations sous-jacentes à la surexposition des personnes âgées au risque de chute restent controversées, notamment parce que la compréhension de la coordination dynamique corporelle et de l'implication corticale lors du contrôle de l'équilibre est encore limitée. L'étude de la chute et des mécanismes qui y conduisent présente donc un double intérêt, fondamental et sociétal. Une chute survient si deux conditions sont réunies. La première est la perte initiale de l'équilibre, un 'pré-requis' qui peut toucher la population entière dans son quotidien. La seconde est un échec des mécanismes de rééquilibration, c'est à dire de la stratégie de réponse mise en œuvre pour compenser la déstabilisation : comment s'opère la sélection d'une stratégie de rattrapage, à partir de quelle appréciation du contexte et des informations sensorielles disponibles est-elle choisie ? qu'est ce qui assure son opérationnalité et garantit le rattrapage ou signe au contraire son échec ?...Pour répondre à ces questions, nous nous sommes donc intéressés à ce moment critique où il est encore possible de modifier l'issue finale par des ajustements posturaux et des actions motrices rapides et adéquats chez une population de jeunes adultes. La première étude est une analyse globale de la phase précoce d'une chute -abrégée par un harnais- (soit quelques centaines de millisecondes après la perturbation), afin d'évaluer la capacité du sujet à réagir à une perturbation imprévue et de développer des stratégies garantissant une protection efficace. Cette première étape se propose d'identifier les indicateurs discriminants et prédictifs d'une chute et d'un rattrapage au niveau neurophysiologique et biomécanique. Cette étude a également permis de mettre en évidence la présence d'un délai temporel incompressible appelé " phase passive ", source de contraintes spatio-temporelles à l'expression complète d'une réponse posturale adaptée. Dans la seconde étude, de modélisation, nous avons élaboré un modèle mécanique personnalisé, construit à partir de radiographies tridimensionnelles non invasives du corps entier. Cette modélisation nous a permis d'analyser la contribution relative de propriétés biomécaniques passives et des synergies musculaires actives en jeu pendant les perturbations récupérables de l'équilibre ou non en comparant les résultats expérimentaux ('réels') obtenus à l'aide d'un dispositif asservi pour provoquer des chutes de plain-pied et la réponse théorique prédite ('simulée') à l'aide du modèle. Les résultats obtenus permettent de confirmer que le comportement du corps est en phase précoce-dicté par ses propriétés mécaniques, et peut être assimilé à un modèle simplifié. Après avoir mis en évidence l'existence d'une phase inertielle d'une durée équivalente à la moitié du temps disponible avant l'impact, notre questionnement s'est orienté vers le traitement de l'information en-cours lors de cette phase afin d'évaluer la contribution corticale alors que la réponse posturale évolue. La troisième étude consiste principalement à appréhender la charge cognitive impliquée dans le contrôle sensori-moteur, en particulier lors d'une chute, à l'aide du paradigme de double-tâche. En conclusion, à travers une approche pluridisciplinaire, les résultats obtenus dans cette thèse permettent d'émettre des recommandations intéressantes pour une prévention et une rééducation adaptée dans le but de contribuer à l'amélioration de la qualité de vie des personnes âgées.
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Pistikopoulos, Panayotis. "Comportement physiochimique des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques, particulaires et gazeux, dans l'atmosphere : mode de formation des aerosols, transport a meso-echelle, adaptation d'un modele-recepteur a des composes reactifs." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077140.
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Yang, Tsung-Yu, and 楊宗諭. "Vortical flow pattern analysis in pulmonary arteries after repair of tetralogy of Fallot using phase-contrast MR imaging." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/aw8a26.
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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>資訊工程學系研究所<br>96<br>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an useful technique that provides a noninvasive method in clinical applications. For the patient of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) after repaired, turbulence and regurgitation in blood flow may appear in pulmonary arteries. In this study, phase contrast MR imaging was applied and vortical flow patterns in the pulmonary arteries of patients after repair of TOF has been investigated. There are two major part of this study. Firstly we simulated vortical flow patterns of star, focus, and saddle which are most frequently appeared in blood flow. Quadrant index has been proposed for pattern analysis. In the second part we applied these parameters to in vivo data of repaired TOF patients, and compared with other parameters such as vorticity, coefficient of variance (CV), and regurgitant fraction (RF).
Our result shows that the linear correlation between the mean of CV of velocity and mean of CV of vorticity in right pulmonary artery (RPA) as well as pulmonary trunk (PT) is larger than that in left pulmonary artery (LPA). This study shows that vorticity may provide some useful information of flow patterns and therefore helps doctors in clinical diagnosis
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Chang, Meng-Chu, and 張孟筑. "Investigations of Cardiac Morphology, Myocardial Function, and Flow in Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot by Phase-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66tc3y.
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碩士<br>國立清華大學<br>生醫工程與環境科學系<br>105<br>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adaptive remodeling mechanism by assessing cardiac morphology, myocardial function, and flow in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) and preserved left ventricle (LV) global function. Interaction of myocardium and flow was also assessed in kinetic energy (KE) aspects so as to realize the impact of overloading pathology on the cardiac compliance. We recruited 47 rTOF patients and 38 age-matched normal volunteers. Tissue phase mapping (TPM) was performed for evaluating the LV and RV regional myocardial motion and twist function. Flow pattern and hemodynamic parameter in the pulmonary and intraventricular flow were visualized and quantified based on 4D flow MRI.
Most rTOF patient revealed flatter interventricular septum and thus larger radius ratio (P < 0.001). They also showed significantly decreased systolic and diastolic longitudinal velocity (Vz) on most of the RV segments and several LV segments. As for radial velocity (Vr), patients showed significantly decreased Vr in systole but substantially increased Vr in diastole on RV free wall. Flow pattern of intraventricular flow revealed differences between rTOF patients and normal subjects in late diastolic period for absent vortex with a high velocity. The observation of increased late diastolic RV intraventricular flow KE was also correlated with KE of regurgitation as well as pulmonary flow, suggesting the impaired RV-PA coupling. Retarded intraventricular flow at the downstream was detected in using KE gradient and the retarded flow propagation were closely correlated with elevated RVPA pressure gradient.
The establishments of those indices in this study can help to comprehend the adaptive remodeling mechanism of rTOF patients before LV global dysfunction and might be helpful for patient managements regarding the timing of undergoing pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) surgery.
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Niu, Sheng-chun, and 鈕聖君. "The quantitative analysis of in-plane flow speed in branch pulmonary arteries after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: A phase-contrast MR imaging study." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00039293308396870701.
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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>資訊工程學系研究所<br>94<br>Recently magnetic resonance imaging has become more and more popular in clinical applications. In clinical studies, the heart of the TOF patient has some congenital defects. These defects lead to insufficient blood flowing into the pulmonary arteries, rendering the necessary of repair for TOF patients. However, even after repair, the blood in pulmonary arteries still cannot flow in the same way with those of normal people. For this reason, studies on the flow behavior of pulmonary arteries in TOF patients would be valuable in clinical applications.
In this study, we focus on the quantitative analysis of in-plane flow in branch pulmonary arteries (left and right pulmonary arteries) after repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) by means of phase-contrast MR imaging. The regurgitation and turbulence were evaluated by coefficient of variance (CV) and regurgitant fraction. Vector map of in-plane flow was also included in order to facilitate the observation of flow patterns. Our result shows a positive correlation of CV and regurgitant fraction in terms of turbulence and regurgitation. Therefore, we conclude that CV and regurgitant fraction as well as vector maps may be helpful to quantitate in-plane flow for after repair of TOF patients, providing a more accurate analysis in clinical diagnosis.
Books on the topic "Fallow phase"
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National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Decision making for late-phase recovery from major nuclear or radiological incidents. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, 2014.
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Dyson, Tim. Before and After 1947. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829058.003.0008.
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This chapter considers population trends in the decades either side of Independence. It does so in three broad phases. The first phase is the 1920s and 1930s—when there was unprecedented population growth, and public discussion about birth control increased. The second phase is the turbulent 1940s; here particular attention is given to the demographic effects of the Bengal famine in 1943–44 and Partition in 1947. The final phase is the 1950s and 1960s—when there was a big fall in the death rate and, very cautiously, a family planning programme was introduced. The chapter also considers developments relating to the urban sector, migration, and regional demographic variation. It concludes by noting that, with little sign of a fall in the birth rate, by 1971 there was increasing disappointment and concern about the performance of the family planning programme.
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Yamamoto, Masahiro. Nanking. Praeger, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400689246.
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The December 1937 incident that has come to be known as the Rape of Nanking is, without doubt, a tragedy that will not soon be forgotten. While acknowledging that a tremendous loss of life occurred, this study challenges the current prevailing notion that the incident was a deliberate, planned effort on the part of the Japanese military and analyzes events to produce an accurate estimate of the scale of the atrocities. Drawing on Chinese, Japanese, and English sources, Yamamoto determines that what happened at Nanking were unfortunate atrocities of conventional war with precedents in both Eastern and Western military history. He concludes that post-war events such as the war crimes trials and the impact of the Holocaust in Europe affected public opinion regarding Nanking and led to a dramatic reinterpretation of events. The Rape of Nanking consisted of two distinct phases: the mass execution of prisoners of war (as well as conscription age men who appeared to be combatants) and the delinquent acts of individual soldiers. The first phase, which occurred immediately after Nanking's fall and which claimed most of the atrocity victims, was the result of the Japanese military's attempt to clear the city of Chinese soldiers thought to be in plain clothes. The second phase, which lasted approximately six weeks, was horrible, but resulted in a much smaller number of fatalities. It was characterized by numerous criminal acts, ranging from rape and murder to arson and theft, committed by unrestrained Japanese soldiers. The root cause for both phases was the Japanese military's bureaucratic inefficiency and command irresponsibility. While both Chinese and American contemporary sources initially attributed the incident to these causes, subsequent Japanese atrocities against both military and civilian Allied personnel during World War II and evidence presented at war crimes trials would come to reshape perceptions of the Nanking events as an Asian counterpart to the Nazi Holocaust.
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Hameed, Saji N. The Indian Ocean Dipole. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.619.
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Discovered at the very end of the 20th century, the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is a mode of natural climate variability that arises out of coupled ocean–atmosphere interaction in the Indian Ocean. It is associated with some of the largest changes of ocean–atmosphere state over the equatorial Indian Ocean on interannual time scales. IOD variability is prominent during the boreal summer and fall seasons, with its maximum intensity developing at the end of the boreal-fall season. Between the peaks of its negative and positive phases, IOD manifests a markedly zonal see-saw in anomalous sea surface temperature (SST) and rainfall—leading, in its positive phase, to a pronounced cooling of the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean, and a moderate warming of the western and central equatorial Indian Ocean; this is accompanied by deficit rainfall over the eastern Indian Ocean and surplus rainfall over the western Indian Ocean. Changes in midtropospheric heating accompanying the rainfall anomalies drive wind anomalies that anomalously lift the thermocline in the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean and anomalously deepen them in the central Indian Ocean. The thermocline anomalies further modulate coastal and open-ocean upwelling, thereby influencing biological productivity and fish catches across the Indian Ocean. The hydrometeorological anomalies that accompany IOD exacerbate forest fires in Indonesia and Australia and bring floods and infectious diseases to equatorial East Africa. The coupled ocean–atmosphere instability that is responsible for generating and sustaining IOD develops on a mean state that is strongly modulated by the seasonal cycle of the Austral-Asian monsoon; this setting gives the IOD its unique character and dynamics, including a strong phase-lock to the seasonal cycle. While IOD operates independently of the El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the proximity between the Indian and Pacific Oceans, and the existence of oceanic and atmospheric pathways, facilitate mutual interactions between these tropical climate modes.
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Shaibani, Aziz. Myotonia. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199898152.003.0021.
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Myotonia is a slow relaxation phase of a muscle after normal contraction. Patients report myotonia as muscle stiffness and sometimes pain. They usually adapt to it well. Falls due to myotonia may lead to accidents. Checking for percussion and action myotonia should be part of neuromuscular examination. Electrically silent myotonia is a sign of Brody’s syndrome. Myotonia may be incidentally discovered during EMG. The most important task is to differentiate between myotonia and paramyotonia clinically and electromyographically. Most myotonic disorders are caused by mutations of sodium, and chloride channels. There has been a significant understanding of the underlying channelopathies recently. Severe myotonia respond well to Mexiletine.
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Shaibani, Aziz. Myotonia. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0021.
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Myotonia is a slow relaxation phase after normal contraction. Patients report dystonia as muscle stiffness and sometimes pain. They usually adapt to it well. Falls due to myotonia may lead to accidents. Examination for percussion myotonia should be part of neuromuscular examination. Percussion of the thenar muscles with the reflex hammer is the most productive method. Electrically silent myotonia is a sign of Brody myopathy. Myotonia may be incidentally discovered during electromyography (EMG). The most important task is to differentiate between myotonia from paramyotonia clinically and electrically. There has been a significant understanding of the underlying channelopathies lately. Severe myotonia respond well to mexiletine.
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Gajewski, Zbigniew. Prognozowanie wystąpień faz fenologicznych pierwiosnki omączonej Primula farinosa L. (Primulaceae) – krytycznie zagrożonego gatunku - w odniesieniu do fenologii innych składników lokalnej flory i panujących warunków termicznych. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-32-8.
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In Poland, the bird’s-eye primrose (P. farinosa) is a rare and critically endangered species. Currently, it occurs only in one location in the area of the Jaworki village in Radziejowa Range (of Beskid Sądecki mountains). This is the last of the nine previously existing locations, and the only one occurring in the mountains. To maintain the species, as well as the moutain fen on which it grows, a multiannual conservation program has been implemented, including, among other measures, conducting environmental monitoring and performing active protection procedures. In 2012–2014, studies were carried out, aiming to identify the phenology of P. farinosa in its natural location amid other elements of local flora, and to elaborate reasonably accurate forecast methods of its phenological phases, in relation to the performed procedures. One of the methods was based on comparing subsequent phenological phases of P. farinosa, mainly the dates of flowering and opening of the fruits, with the dates of flowering of other species that commonly occur in the vicinity. On the basis of temperature data from the IMGW meteorological station in Krościenko nad Dunajcem, available via the Internet, an attempt to forecast the phenophases of P. farinosa has also been made, based on the developed network of nearby meteorological stations. A degree-days method was used. Prior to that, a value of base temperature (Tb) characteristic for P. farinosa was assessed, as necessary for further calculations, and the values of SAT (Sum of Active Temperatures, using the formula for GDD values) have been determined for the dates of occurrence of subsequent phenological phases of P. farinosa. These parameters were calculated using temperature data recorded at the location. During the observations, it was established that the dates of flowering for P. farinosa were dependent on the air temperatures during spring. The flowering period of the population in Jaworki took place in the months of April through to June, and it did not exceed 7.5 weeks. P. farinosa is one of the earliest blooming species in that location. Other species, also flourishing during the blooming thereof, included Eriophorum angustifolium, Caltha laeta, Chrysosplenium alternifolium, Oxalis acetosella, and Primula elatior. The full bloom of P. farinosa lasted for about 2 weeks, and it took place between the end of April and the end of the second decade of May. During its full bloom, in that same location, Cardamine pratensis, Geum rivale, and Valeriana simplicifolia also flourished. Trees and bushes from the rose (Rosaceae) family proved to be especially useful in the forecasting of P. farinosa flowering period. During the flowering of P. farinosa, in lower locations, species from the Prunus and Cerasus genera subsequently flourished, followed by the Malus, Sorbus, and Crataegus genera. The opening of P. farinosa fruits was observed in the last days of June or at the beginning of July. The date of commencement and duration of this phase is probably subject also to the degree of air humidity. Although in this period numerous species flourish such as Ononis arvensis, Valeriana sambucifolia, Cichorium intybus, Melilotus alba, Achillea millefolium, Daucus carota, Geranium pratense, and Agrimonia eupatoria, the forecasts based on those are not accurate. When forecasting this phase, as well as the majority of other phases, the SAT value calculation based on the degree-days method works well. The Tb base temperature (threshold temperature) for P. farinosa from Jaworki, determined for its calculation, is 0.75°C. However, for the calculation purposes, the rounded value of Tb = 1.0°C can also be used. When adopting the value of Tb = 0.75°C for calculations, the full bloom of P. farinosa falls within the period in which the SAT values remain between 310°C and 469°C, the optimum (culmination) of the full bloom occurs at about 408°C, and the beginning of capsules opening and release of P. farinosa seeds occur when the SAT values reach 1049°C. For Tb = 1.0°C the full bloom falls within the period in which the SAT values are between 295°C and 449°C, the optimum of full bloom occurs at 390°C, and the capsules begin opening at 1018°C. When using this method, the differences between the forecasted and the observed dates of P. farinose blooming were between –4 and +3 days, and the beginning of opening of its fruits, between –1 and 0 days. In case of no temperature data available from the given location, the forecasting can be also performed based on the data from the IMGW meteorological station in Krościenko. The accuracy of calculations is increased through the implementation of appropriate temperature data adjustments, resulting from the difference of location and height. The temperatures in Jaworki are 2°C lower compared to the station in Krościenko. The dates determined in this way are less accurate than those determined directly at the location, and they differ from the actual dates: in case of full bloom, the difference is in the range of –6 to +2 days, and in case of the beginning of capsules’ opening, it is –2 to –1 days. Probably, it is also possible to implement forecasting based on the data from new automated meteorological stations situated closer to the location, but this can be done only after the adjustment appropriate for every station has been determined and implemented. As demonstrated, the elaborated forecasting methods of P. farinosa phenological phases at the location in Jaworki (Beskid Sądecki) are sufficiently accurate and they may be used in the future as a tool supporting the implementation of measures related to active protection of the species.
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Nolte, David D. Flight of the Swallows. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805847.003.0001.
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The science of modern dynamics takes the simple idea of Galileo’s parabolic trajectory and generalizes it into abstract hyperspaces of multiple dimensions. This chapter introduces the new way that physicists and mathematicians visualize dynamical systems, taking a global view of complex behavior and finding that the laws of physics capture the orbits of planets around suns (and the paths of light around black holes) as easily as the evolution of new species or the rise and fall of economies. This new visualization uses phase space to capture the global behavior of complex systems. The path across life, the universe and so many hyperdimensional worlds is being captured by new disciplines within new sciences like chaos theory, entanglement, network science, econophysics and evolutionary dynamics.
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DeJonge, Michael P. The Directly Political Word of the Church. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824176.003.0008.
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This chapter continues the examination of Bonhoeffer’s first phase of resistance through exposition of “The Church and the Jewish Question,” presenting the second kind of word-resistance, the directly political word of the church (type 4). It is this type of resistance that Bonhoeffer describes as “jam[ming] a spoke in the wheel itself” or “seiz[ing] the wheel itself.” The necessity for this directly political word arises when the state “unscrupulously” governs with “too little” or “too much” order. The logic of this word is best captured by what Bonhoeffer elsewhere calls a concrete commandment. This is the church’s temporary intervention into the political exercise of the law, which under normal conditions would fall under the authority of the properly functioning state.
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Messina, Anthony M. West European Immigration and Immigrant Policy in the New Century. www.praeger.com, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216187424.
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Few, if any phenomena affecting Western Europe as a whole since 1945 have been more far-reaching in their immediate effects or more potentially destabilizing to politics and society over the long term than the accumulative experience of immigration. Messina and his contributors analyze why the major immigrant-receiving states of Western Europe historically permitted and often abetted relatively high levels of postwar migration, and they assess how contemporary governments attempt to govern immigration flows and manage the domestic social and political fallout which it inevitably yields. The central purpose of the volume is to address these questions within the context of the decision-making logics that have demonstratively governed postwar migration to Western Europe in each of its three distinct, but interrelated waves or phases-labor migration, family migration, and humanitarian or forced migration. Messina demonstrates that postwar migration to Western Europe, in all of its phases, has been governed by a set of mutually reinforcing and mostly compatible logics. Of these—the economic, the humanitarian, and the political—the political has predominated over time and is likely to continue doing so into the indefinite future. A major cross-disciplinary analysis that will appeal to political scientists, sociologists, and general researchers and scholars of ethnicity, race relations, and comparative public policy.
Book chapters on the topic "Fallow phase"
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Funakawa, Shinya. "Shifting Cultivation in Northern Thailand with Special Reference to the Function of the Fallow Phase." In Soils, Ecosystem Processes, and Agricultural Development. Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56484-3_11.
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Brearley, Francis Q., Max W. Spencer, Binu M. Tripathi, et al. "Changes in Bacterial Community Structure and Nitrogen Cycling Gene Abundance During the Fallow Recovery Phase of Shifting Cultivation in North-East India." In Shifting Cultivation Systems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-70388-1_12.
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Lyons, F. S. L. "The Last Phase." In The Fall of Parnell. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003527558-11.
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Donkers, Alex, Dujuan Yang, Bauke de Vries, and Nico Baken. "A Visual Support Tool for Decision-Making over Federated Building Information." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37189-9_32.
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AbstractInterconnecting building information on multiple scales and lifecycle stages enables designers to improve their decision-making and tackle ecological, societal, and economical challenges. However, this information is often generated in different software tools, saved in different file formats, using a stakeholder’s own domain language, and is stored in decentral storage locations. This paper presents a tool that integrates data from different stakeholders into a single viewpoint. The tool – LBDviz – combines a browser-based IFC viewer and semantic web technologies to combine geometry with other data that falls outside the scope of the IFC schema. The tool is tested in multiple case studies. These case studies range from requirement checking during the design phase, generating design feedback during the operational phase, and maintaining building performance in a sustainable and economically viable manner. The results of these studies can be reused in future designs, stimulating a more circular design process. The method used in LBDviz enables the interconnection of data within and without the architectural design domain and reduces data interoperability challenges in many lifecycle phases of a construction project.
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Sinha, J. P., Ashwani Kumar, and Elmar Weissmann. "Seed Processing for Quality Upgradation." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_10.
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AbstractPre-harvest and post-harvest operations are integral parts of the quality seed production system. If due attention is not paid during the first phase, probably therewill not be any means left to obtain quality seed. Similarly, good quality seed produced with utmost care may lose much of its value if proper management is not followed during the post-harvest period. The seed quality attributes are genetic purity, appearance and physical purity, germination potential, vigour and seed health. Proper attention should be given during both the phases of seed production, regarding all the attributes of seed quality. Genetic purity is primarily linked with production or pre-harvest phase. Whereas, physical purity is primarily achieved in post-harvest phase. The harvested raw seed mass consists of various materials other than seed (MOS). MOS may be trash, plant parts, inert matter, weeds, other crop seeds and non-viable seeds, e.g. cut grains, insect pest damaged, off sized or physically damaged kernels, etc. Such contaminants reduce seed quality and increase the volume of harvested seed mass that requires additional space during storage. Moreover, these contaminants often attract pest infestation, which can further cause seed loss both in terms of quality and quantity. Proper storage of processed and clean seed is also an essential component of seed programmes as the sowing season normally falls at least six to nine months after the production season.
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Bhalla, Sanjeev, Michael Beal, and Noah Seymore. "Congenital Heart Disease in Adults." In IDKD Springer Series. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-83872-9_6.
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Abstract Advances in imaging with faster scans and routine use of thin-section images have allowed for the regular detection of congenital heart disease (CHD) in adults. Simultaneously, surgical and medical treatments have allowed children with complex CHD to live well into adulthood. The net effect is that more adults are alive with CHD than children. CHD is truly an adult condition! This chapter will cover the more common anomalies initially detected in adults including septal defects, bicuspid aortic valve, anomalous pulmonary venous return, Ebsteins anomaly, and coronary anomalies, which may also go undetected until adulthood. The chapter will cover common associations with these conditions. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common surgically corrected congenital heart disease seen in adults. Right ventricle end-diastolic volume normalized to body surface area helps to drive the need for intervention. Surgical correction for transposition of the great arteries previously consisted of inflow switching but now consists of an arterial switch procedure. With repaired complex congenital heart disease, two phases of imaging for CT angiography are strongly considered. This can help overcome flow artifacts that may be seen with a single phase in this complex anatomy.
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Chiominto, Giulia, Claudio Scarpati, Annamaria Perrotta, Lorenzo Fedele, and Ileana Santangelo. "Fallout Events During the Post-plinian Phase of the AD 79 Vesuvius Eruption." In Recent Research on Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Paleontology, Tectonics, Geochemistry, Volcanology and Petroleum Geology. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43222-4_32.
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Brovkina, Daniella, and Oliver Riedel. "Konzept für die automatisierte Planung von Montagesystemen." In Echtzeitsimulation in der Produktionsautomatisierung. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-66217-5_14.
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ZusammenfassungDie Digitalisierung und die Ideen von Industrie 4.0 treiben die Produktionssysteme voran. Die Virtuelle Inbetriebnahme ist bereits in der Engineering-Phase der Produktionsanlage eine etablierte Methode. Solche eng mit der Virtuellen Inbetriebnahme gekoppelten Methoden wie Model-in-the-Loop (MiL) und Software-in-the-Loop (SiL) Simulationen können bereits in der Planungsphase als Validierungswerkzeug den Planungsprozess unterstützen. Im Falle von Montagesystemen erfolgt die Planung in Iterationen mit geringem Automatisierungsgrad. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Konzept für einen modellbasierten Ansatz zur vollautomatisierten Planung von Montagesystemen vorgestellt, dass eine automatisierte Layout-Generierung in Kombination mit Simulationsmodellen zur Virtuellen Inbetriebnahme ermöglicht.
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Vrasida, Maria. "Wine Tourism: A Complex Tangible, Intangible and Experiential Marketing Matrix." In Strategic Innovative Marketing and Tourism. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51038-0_9.
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AbstractDuring the past decades, wine has been highly associated with tourism, as part of a fine dining and hospitality experience but also in the production phase and the wineries. Wine can present the link between agritourism referring to the actual cultivation process of grapes, to traditional productive activities in the wine production phase, to luxury and fine dining in the consumption phase. Food and wine production are closely linked to the culture and traditions of a particular local context and are the result of a know-how that has been developed locally and passed down over time. Wine is the product that allows for the strongest links and ties with the food and territory of origin. This is evident not only in terms of geography, but also includes the historical and cultural aspects, even aspects of the local climate. Realizing the multiple benefits that can be achieved via such linkages, many wine regions worldwide have encouraged the creation of synergies between the wine and the tourism industry. This mutual cooperation falls under a complex leisure experience comprising of tangible, intangible and experiential elements. The aim of this study is to identify the importance and the level of participation of tangible, intangible and experiential elements in the marketing of wine tourism experiences and the role of wine tourism for its wider region.
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Maly-Motta, Hanna. "Teilstudie II: Schatz, das Baby schreit! Das Wohlbefinden von Eltern am Übergang zur Elternschaft." In Gestresste Eltern. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-41224-1_5.
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ZusammenfassungDie Geburt des ersten Kindes ist eine turbulente Phase in der Familienentwicklung und stellt nicht nur Mütter und Väter vor individuelle Herausforderungen, sondern auch die Paarbeziehung. Immer wieder auftretende kognitive und motorische Entwicklungsschübe des Kindes, in denen sich vorübergehende Schlaf- oder Fütterprobleme und allgemein kindliche Anforderungen krisenhaft zuspitzen können, zähren dabei an den Nerven. Anforderungen des Kindes spielen in dieser vulnerablen Phase daher eine besondere Rolle um das individuelle Belastungs- und Stresserleben von Müttern und Vätern, aber auch Unstimmigkeiten innerhalb der Paarbeziehung besser verstehen zu können. Die vorliegende Teilstudie liefert daher, im Gegensatz zu bisherigen Forschungsbefunden, einen differenzierteren Einblick in die Rolle des Kindes für Anpassungsanforderungen innerhalb der Paarbeziehung sowie für das individuelle Wohlbefinden der Eltern. Im Fokus stehen zugleich vermittelnde Mechanismen, die zwischen den Anforderungen des Kindes und dem individuellen sowie partnerschaftsrelevanten Wohlbefinden stehen können. Die Datengrundlage für die empirische Untersuchung bildet das Beziehungs- und Familienpanel (pairfam). Die Ergebnisse bestätigen, dass erhöhte kindliche Anforderungen und, im Falle der Partnerschaftsqualität, ein größeres Ausmaß erlebter ängstlicher Überfürsorge dem Baby gegenüber, am Übergang zur Elternschaft, eine zentrale Rolle für unterschiedliche Dimensionen elterlichen Wohlbefindens spielen. Machten sich befragte Eltern beispielsweise viele Sorgen darüber, ob sie mit dem Baby alles richtig machen, übertrug sich dies über eine konfliktreichere Kommunikation des Paares negativ auf die Partnerschaftsqualität.
Conference papers on the topic "Fallow phase"
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Bao, Xuewen, Fang Liu, Guangwen Ren, Xianghong Han, Bo Zhang, and Yongbin Liu. "Acoustic Detection Algorithm of Train Bearings Based on Phased Derivative of CFD and the Fallow-GSC." In 2024 International Conference on Sensing, Measurement & Data Analytics in the era of Artificial Intelligence (ICSMD). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmd64214.2024.10920621.
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Mungai, M. Eva, Gokul Prabhakaran, and Jessy W. Grizzle. "Fall Prediction for Bipedal Robots: The Standing Phase." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra57147.2024.10611387.
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Wang, Ke, Rongbin Chen, Chan-Tong Lam, Benjamin K. Ng, and Chaorong Zhang. "How Phase Errors Influence Phase-Dependent Amplitudes in Near-Field RISs?" In 2024 IEEE 100th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2024-Fall). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2024-fall63153.2024.10757766.
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Yildiz, Ozlem, Ahmad AlAmmouri, Jianhua Mo, Younghan Nam, Elza Erkip, and Jianzhong Charlie Zhang. "3D Beamforming Through Joint Phase-Time Arrays." In 2024 IEEE 100th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2024-Fall). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2024-fall63153.2024.10757955.
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Kozulina, Natal'ya, A. Lipshin, A. Bobrovsky, Al'bina Vasilenko, and A. Kryuchkov. "THE EFFECT OF AGROTECHNICAL METHODS ON THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS OF SPRING WHEAT." In «PROBLEMS OF SOIL FERTILITY IN MODERN AGRICULTURE». Krasnoyarsk Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture is a separate division of the Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.52686/9785605087878_300.
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The article presents the results of research on the influence of agrotechnological techniques on the photosynthetic apparatus of spring wheat of the variety Beyskaya. Under the conditions of complete fallow, the pre-sowing application of mineral fertilizers and the use of plant protection products contributed to the formation of the maximum leaf surface area. When sowing on complete fallow, the leaf surface area in comparison with the grain preceding crop in the tillering phase was 25.0% larger, in the booting stage by 16.9%, and in the heading stage by 13.9%. The application of mineral fertilizers on complete fallow increased the leaf surface area by 36.9 – 41.2%, while the use of plant protection products increase one by 39.0 – 42.0%; for the grain preceding crop with the use of fertilizers by 39.1–49.1%, with the use of protective equipment – 41.7 – 46.9% compared with the control.
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Akula, Chaitanya K., and Gregory W. King. "Age Differences in Landing Phase Ankle Dynamics During a Balance-Restoring Step Response." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204001.
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Falls are a significant health concern among older adults. The rate of falls increases with age [1], and often leads to fall-related injuries such as fractures and head injuries. These lead to loss of independence, morbidity and fear of falling [2]. There are many strategies used to prevent falls, including those used to regain balance following a slip or trip. One such balance recovery maneuver is the step response, which involves respositioning the body’s base of support to recapture its moving center of mass [3]. Age-related performance declines in the step response may contribute to fall risk, especially during the step response landing phase where biomechanical strength requirements are largest [4]. Such age-related declines likely manifest themselves as alterations in lower extremity joint dynamics. While these effects are likely present in all lower extremity joints (hips, knees, and ankles), the purpose of this preliminary study was to investigate age effects in stepping leg ankle dynamics during a balance-restoring step response.
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Timsina, Rudra L., Richard A. Messner, and Jean L. Kubwimana. "A compact design of switched line phase shifter for a microstrip phased array antenna." In 2017 Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall (PIERS - FALL). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piers-fall.2017.8293436.
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Sandler, Reuben, and Stephen N. Robinovitch. "Impact Severity During a Fall Is Decreased by Lower Extremity Muscle Contractions During Descent." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0084.
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Abstract Falls are a major cause of injury in the elderly, including the vast majority of hip and wrist fractures, and a considerable portion of vertebral fractures. In the event of a fall, one’s risk for such an injury depends on bone strength, and the configuration and kinetic energy (KE) of the body at the instant it contacts the ground. Consideration of acts such as sitting and squatting suggests that a major determinant of KE is the amount of energy “absorbed” (or negative work performed) during the descent phase of the fall by eccentrically-contracting lower extremity muscles. In the present study, we used a computational model of backwards falling to address the following questions: (1) what degree of impact energy attenuation might be achieved through muscle contraction during the descent phase of falling? and (2) what is the relative importance of muscle contractions at the hip, knee, and ankle in attenuating impact energy?
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Sticker, Markus, Christoph K. Hitzenberger, and Adolf F. Fercher. "Direct extraction of phase information in differential phase contrast OCT." In Saratov Fall Meeting 2000, edited by Valery V. Tuchin. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.431517.
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Zakis, Kaspars, and Andis Supe. "Application of Phase-sensitive Fiber Optic Parametric Amplifier in Phase Modulated Signal Regeneration." In 2019 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall (PIERS - Fall). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piers-fall48861.2019.9021568.
Full textReports on the topic "Fallow phase"
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Cronk, T. A., D. R. Smuin, and R. M. Schlosser. Development of remedial process options: Phase II, Feasibility study: Installation Restoration Program, Naval Air Station Fallon, Fallon, Nevada. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5792514.
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Cronk, T. A., D. R. Smuin, and R. M. Schlosser. Development of remedial process options: Phase II, Feasibility study: Installation Restoration Program, Naval Air Station Fallon, Fallon, Nevada. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10120118.
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Blankenship, Douglas A., John Akerley, Kelly Blake, et al. Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy: Phase 1 Topical Report Fallon, NV. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1432175.
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Blankenship, Douglas, John Akerley, Bridget Ayling, et al. Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy: Phase 2B topical Report, Fallon, NV. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1866028.
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M. L. Abbott. Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations Near Salmon Falls Creek Reservoir - Phase 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/911829.
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Merker, Christopher. Kalispel Tribe of Indians Wildlife Mitigation and Restoration for Albeni Falls Dam: Flying Goose Ranch Phase I. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753178.
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Baldwin, Geraldine E., and William J. Chadwick. Archeological Phase I Survey for the Columbia Falls and Moscow OTHB-E Radar Stations, Washington and Somerset Counties, Maine. Defense Technical Information Center, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada430295.
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Filmer, Deon, James Habyarimana, and Shwetlena Sabarwal. Teacher Performance-Based Incentives and Learning Inequality. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/047.
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This study evaluates the impacts of low-cost, performance-based incentives in Tanzanian secondary schools. Results from a two-phase randomized trial show that incentives for teachers led to modest average improvements in student achievement across different subjects. Further, withdrawing incentives did not lead to a “discouragement effect” (once incentives were withdrawn, student performance did not fall below pre-baseline levels). Rather, impacts on learning were sustained beyond the intervention period. However, these incentives may have exacerbated learning inequality within and across schools. Increases in learning were concentrated among initially better-performing schools and students. At the same time, learning outcomes may have decreased for schools and students that were lower performing at baseline. Finally, the study finds that incentivizing students without simultaneously incentivizing teachers did not produce observable learning gains.
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Runyon, Amber, Gregor Schuurman, Brecken Robb, Jeremy Littell, Mark Miller, and Joel Reynolds. Climate-resource scenarios to inform climate change adaptation in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve: Summary of 2021 climate change scenario planning. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301920.
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This report illustrates use of scenario planning as a climate change adaptation tool supporting Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve?s Resource Stewardship Strategy. The primary objective of scenario planning is to help resource managers and scientists make management and planning decisions informed by assessments of critical future uncertainties. This report outlines a process that synthesized future climate projections into three distinct but plausible and relevant climate summaries for the focal area and used them to develop climate-resource scenarios through participatory scenario planning. Initial steps identified the priority resource management topics and the corresponding related climate uncertainties. Next, local climate summaries were used to develop divergent climate futures: those that describe the broadest possible range of plausible conditions while capturing relevant uncertainty. The final phase further developed the climate futures and their resource implications. These participatory scenario planning exercises occurred virtually in fall (August?November) 2021. The climate-resource scenarios informed adaptation strategies in conjunction with the park?s Resource Stewardship Strategy development. The scope and complexity of this effort is unique but elements from the scenarios and resource implications have broad applicability to other large, protected areas in Alaska and Northwest Canada.
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Thurston, Alexander. In Brief: Foreword for the Lake Chad Basin Research Initiative Compendium. RESOLVE Network, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/lcb2021.1.
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In fall 2017, the RESOLVE Network launched a major project to analyze religiosity on university campuses in the Lake Chad Basin. The project was related but not limited to the context of the Boko Haram insurgency. The project generated four major studies, including one research report based on a desk literature review and three country case studies (Nigeria, Cameroon, and Chad) based on original fieldwork. The project was driven by policymakers’ and researchers’ desire to more fully understand political and religious change in this conflict-affected region. This RESOLVE research project sought not merely to investigate questions of radicalization but also to challenge stereotypes, particularly the idea that campuses are inevitably hotbeds of religious extremism. It has been credibly asserted that some of Boko Haram’s recruits, particularly in its early phases in the 2000s, were university students. Yet universities in the region have also been sites where key peacemaking initiatives are both studied and implemented.