Journal articles: 'Falls prevention'

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Brauer, Sandra. "Falls prevention." Journal of Physiotherapy 57, no. 2 (2011): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1836-9553(11)70028-5.

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Castle, Steven C. "Falls Prevention." Clinics in Geriatric Medicine 35, no. 2 (May 2019): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0690(19)30015-1.

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Nazarko, Linda. "Falls prevention." Nursing and Residential Care 8, no. 11 (November 2006): 498–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/nrec.2006.8.11.22091.

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McMurdo, M. E. T. "Falls prevention." Age and Ageing 30, suppl 1 (March 1, 2001): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/30.suppl_1.4.

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Duthie, E., D. Simpson, J. Myers, K. Denson, and S. Denson. "Falls and Prevention of Fall Outcomes." Innovation in Aging 2, suppl_1 (November 1, 2018): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy023.1336.

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Vincenzo, Jennifer L., Susan Kane Patton, Leanne L. Lefler, Jason R. Falvey, Pearl A. McElfish, Geoffrey Curran, and Jeanne Wei. "21083 Perceptions on the Role of Physical Therapy Providers for Falls Prevention: A Qualitative Investigation." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5, s1 (March 2021): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.723.

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ABSTRACT IMPACT: Being explicit about the prevention of falls throughout an older adults’ episode of care may further help reinforce the role of physical therapy providers in falls prevention and improve dissemination of this knowledge. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The purpose of this study was to determine older adults’ awareness of and perspectives about the role of physical therapy providers for falls prevention and determine potential barriers and facilitators to utilization of preventive rehabilitation services METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We used a qualitative descriptive phenomenological approach to emphasize participants’ perceptions and lived experiences. Four focus groups were conducted with 27 community-dwelling older adults (average age = 78 years). Focus groups were recorded, transcribed, condensed, and coded using thematic analysis. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Surveys indicated 37% of participants experienced a fall in the last year and 26% reported suffering an injury. Four main themes and six subthemes surrounding older adults’ perceptions of physical therapy providers’ roles for falls prevention emerged: (1) Awareness of Falls Prevention (subthemes: I Don’t Think About It, I Am More Careful); (2) Being Able to Get Up from the Floor; (3) Limited Knowledge about the Role of Physical Therapy Providers in Falls Prevention (subtheme: Physical Therapy Services are for After a Fall, Surgery, or for a Specific Problem); and 4). Barriers to Participating in Preventive Physical Therapy Services (subthemes: Perceived Need and Costs, Access Requires a Doctor’s Prescription). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Older adults lack awareness about the role of physical therapy services in falls prevention, perceiving services are only to treat a specific problem or after a fall. Physical therapists should be explicit about the role of physical therapy in falls prevention for all older adults undergoing rehabilitation, regardless of the reason.

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Jurišković, Mladen, and Martina Smrekar. "An Overview of Fall Prevention Strategies Among Adult Patients in Hospital Settings." Croatian nursing journal 4, no. 2 (December 11, 2020): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24141/2/4/2/7.

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Falls present a major challenge for health care systems: they correlate with poor patient outcomes, extend the length of hospitalization, and increase overall medical expenditure. According to existing literature, risk factors for the occurrence of falls include the male gender, urinary incontinence, muscle weakness, agitation or confusion, and dementia. Studies have shown that the combined practice of identifying risk factors and implementing appropriate fall prevention interventions leads to a reduction in the incidence of falls among hospital patients. As the largest group of health professionals committed to providing high-quality care, nurses play an important role in preventing falls among patient populations. In order to prevent falls and maintain patient safety, it is important to identify the most effective strategies for fall prevention. This study presents an overview of previously published strategies and intervention practices on fall prevention in hospital settings around the world. The most common interventions include fall risk assessment, environment/equipment modifications, patient education/family education on fall prevention interventions, staff education on fall reporting and fall prevention, fall risk alerts, medication management, physical fitness of patients, assistance with transfer and toileting and effective team communication and leadership. Ultimately, it is incumbent upon nurses, other health-care professionals and the entire hospital system to develop effective strategies in order to prevent falls among hospitalised patients.

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Pereira, Cristiana Borges, and Aline Mizuta Kozoroski Kanashiro. "Falls in older adults: a practical approach." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 80, no. 5 suppl 1 (May 2022): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2022-s107.

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ABSTRACT Background: Falls are a major problem in public health since they are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. To evaluate the risk of fall and prescribe preventive interventions may be a challenging task. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to summarize the most relevant information on the topic “falls in the elderly” and to give a critical view and practical clinical approach on this topic. Methods: In March 2022, a search of Pubmed database was performed, using the terms “fall elderly”, fall prevention”, “fall risk”, with the following parameters: five years, review, systematic review, meta-analysis, practice guidelines. Results: There are several risk factors for falls that can be grouped in different areas (psychosocial, demographic, medical, medication, behavioral, environmental). The clinical evaluation of an older adult prone to falls must include identification of risk factors through history and examination and identification of risk of falls through an assessment tool such as gait velocity, functional reach test, timed up and go, Berg balance test, and miniBEST test. Fall prevention strategies can be single or multiple, and physical activity is the most cited. Technology can be used to detect and prevent falls. Conclusion: A systematic approach to the older patient in risk of falls is feasible and may impact fall prevention.

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Deepa, S. "Prevention of falls." Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics 18, no. 1 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-3405.343686.

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Evans, Catherine. "Prevention of falls." Primary Health Care 13, no. 7 (September 2003): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.13.7.8.s2.

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Bergen, Gwen. "Implementing Effective, Evidence-Based Older Adult Fall Prevention." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 773–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2796.

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Abstract Over one in four older adults (65 years and older) in the US reports falling annually with estimated medical costs of $50 billion. Evidence-based strategies exist that can reduce falls with one of the most promising being multifactorial, clinically-based initiatives such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s STEADI (Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries) Initiative. STEADI includes three core components for health care providers: screen for risk factors, assess modifiable factors, and intervene to reduce falls with evidence-based strategies. Barriers to implementation include competing patient demands and limited time during patient visits. Efficient, effective implementation of clinical fall prevention is important to increase the use of multifactorial interventions. In addition, understanding older adult attitudes about the preventability of falls is needed to increase patient adherence to prescribed interventions. This symposium will cover:1. Background data on older adult falls over time,2. Description of an initial implementation of STEADI in an outpatient, Southeastern clinical practice including lessons learned,3. Attitudes of older adults toward fall prevention with implications for health promotion,4. Process evaluation of an ongoing implementation of STEADI in New York State with lessons learned. Understanding practical methods of implementing the three core components of fall prevention into practice supports wider dissemination of evidence-based fall prevention, while understanding patient attitudes toward falls informs the design of health promotion approaches to increase patient uptake of prescribed interventions. Wider dissemination and increased patient adherence in combination can reduce older adult falls and their associated medical costs.

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Besedina, Olga Anatolievna, and Larisa Arkadievna Karaseva. "Strategy for a safe environment. Prevention fallsin a multidisciplinary medical organization." Medsestra (Nurse), no. 4 (March 25, 2022): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-05-2204-03.

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The aim of the study is the professional activity of a nurse in the prevention of falls in patients in a multidisciplinary hospital. Results. Literature sources on the problem of falls in a multidisciplinary hospital are analyzed; a practical study was conducted on the organization of the activities of nursing staff, aimed at preventing falls in patients in a multidisciplinary hospital; systematized a set of preventive measures to prevent falls in patients in a multidisciplinary hospital. Conclusion. The paper systematizes information on preventive measures taken by nursing staff in order to prevent falls and injuries of patients in a multidisciplinary hospital.

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Chippendale, Tracy. "Predicting Use of Outdoor Fall Prevention Strategies: Considerations for Prevention Practices." Journal of Applied Gerontology 38, no. 6 (January 1, 2018): 775–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464817751199.

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Purpose: Outdoor falls are just as common as indoor falls, but have received less attention in research and practice. Behavioral strategies play an important role in outdoor fall prevention. The purpose of this study was to examine predictors of strategy use. Method: Backward stepwise regression was used to study factors associated with use of outdoor fall prevention strategies among a random sample ( N = 120) of community-dwelling seniors. Results: Significant negative predictors of strategy use included higher education levels ( p < .01) and living in an urban versus a suburban environment ( p < .01). Concern about falls and number of identified risks were positive predictors ( ps < .05). Differences were found between outdoor fallers and nonfallers in the use of three different types of strategies ( ps < .05). Conclusion: There are some differences in the profiles of people who use and do not use outdoor fall prevention strategies. Further study of additional factors is warranted.

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Kim, Mi Hyun, Chang Hee Go, Jung Min Lee, Ji-Young Kang, and Jae-Young Lim. "53 The Development and Education of Fall Prevention Program Through the Multidisciplinary Approach." Age and Ageing 48, Supplement_4 (December 2019): iv13—iv17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz164.53.

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Abstract Introduction To reduce the rate of falls in the rehabilitation ward, fall prevention program was developed and educated for physical and occupational therapists, which increased the attitude towards falls and knowledge towards fall prevention activities. Method Participants of this study include 17 therapists currently employed at a university-affiliated hospital located in Gyeongg-do, South Korea. Systematic protocol for fall prevention with the emphasis in the roles of rehabilitation teams was developed. This standardized protocol consists of educating therapists with adequate assistive device use, safe ambulation techniques, and client-centered transfer techniques. The therapists then record the paitent's status related to fall prevention and or risks, which is then shared with other medical professionals including registered nurses and medical doctors. Paper-based questionnaires regarding 9 questions on attitude towards falls and 12 questions on knowledge towards fall prevention activities were done by the participants after the education of systematic protocol. The rate of falls was then compared with the change of attitudes in participants. Rate of falls was calculated by dividing the number of fall by the patient bed days and multiplying by 1000. Result After the education of fall prevention program, the mean score of attitude towards falls significantly increased (t=-3.99, p=0.001). The mean score of knowledge towards fall prevention activities significantly increased (t=-4.79, p<0.001). The rate of falls decreased from 4.2 to 1.4. The effectiveness of systematic protocol regarding therapists' change in attitude and the resulting change in rate of falls was mainly seen in patients' ward. The decline in rate of falls was observed when patients transferred from bed to wheelchair. Conclusion In order to effectively convey the fall prevention education program, the multidisciplinary approach showed promising results in this study. Implications for future research include translation of this program to the community, such as long term care facility.

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Lysyy, Nikolay. "Prevention of falls in old age." Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine), no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2001-10.

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A fall is defined as an event that results in a person being unintentionally lying on the ground, floor, or some other lower level. Falls are a significant public health problem worldwide. An estimated 424,000 deaths occur annually, making falls the second leading cause of death from unintentional injuries after road traffic injuries. The highest death rates in all regions of the world are among people over 60 years of age. Fall prevention is a strategy to reduce the risk of falls.

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Whitehead, Craig, Rachel Wundke, Maria Crotty, and Paul Finucane. "Evidence-based clinical practice in falls prevention: a randomised controlled trial of a falls prevention service." Australian Health Review 26, no. 3 (2003): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah030088.

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Aims:Evidence-based guidelines recommend a range of treatments for falls and injury prevention. We undertook arandomised trial of a falls prevention service to screen for falls risk factors and recommend to GPs an evidenced baseprescription for falls prevention.Methods:All patients who presented with a fall to the Emergency Department at Flinders Medical Centre over a 22-week periodwere considered for the study. We excluded patients with dementia, resident in high care or those transferred to otherhospitals and outside our catchment area. Of those who consented, we randomised patients between usual care or toan intervention consisting of a falls risk assessment and writing of an evidence-based prescription faxed to their GPfor action. Patients were followed for six months and uptake of advice and fall rates were monitored.Results:Four hundred and fifty patients presented with a fall-related attendance and of these 261 patients were eligible forinclusion in the trial. Of these 261 patients, 140 consented and were enrolled in the trial. Over the six monthspatients in the intervention group were more likely to uptake preventative advice (OR=12.3; 95%CI=4.2-35.9).We were unable to show a reduction in falls (OR=1.7; 95%CI=0.7-4.4).Conclusions:A patient centered evidence-based approach is feasible and effective in increasing uptake of falls prevention advice.Long term compliance with advice needs further exploration.

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Torres-Guzman, Ricardo A., Margaret R. Paulson, Francisco R. Avila, Karla Maita, John P. Garcia, Antonio J. Forte, and Michael J. Maniaci. "Smartphones and Threshold-Based Monitoring Methods Effectively Detect Falls Remotely: A Systematic Review." Sensors 23, no. 3 (January 24, 2023): 1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031323.

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In the US, at least one fall occurs in at least 28.7% of community-dwelling seniors 65 and older each year. Falls had medical costs of USD 51 billion in 2015 and are projected to reach USD 100 billion by 2030. This review aims to discuss the extent of smartphone (SP) usage in fall detection and prevention across a range of care settings. A computerized search was conducted on six electronic databases to investigate the use of remote sensing technology, wireless technology, and other related MeSH terms for detecting and preventing falls. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 44 studies were included. Most of the studies targeted detecting falls, two focused on detecting and preventing falls, and one only looked at preventing falls. Accelerometers were employed in all the experiments for the detection and/or prevention of falls. The most frequent course of action following a fall event was an alarm to the guardian. Numerous studies investigated in this research used accelerometer data analysis, machine learning, and data from previous falls to devise a boundary and increase detection accuracy. SP was found to have potential as a fall detection system but is not widely implemented. Technology-based applications are being developed to protect at-risk individuals from falls, with the objective of providing more effective and efficient interventions than traditional means. Successful healthcare technology implementation requires cooperation between engineers, clinicians, and administrators.

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Milutinovic, Dragana, Mirjana Martinov-Cvejin, and Svetlana Simic. "Patients' falls and injuries during hospitalization as quality indicators of work in hospitals." Medical review 62, no. 5-6 (2009): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0906249m.

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The number of patients' falls and injuries happening during their hospital treatment is a good quality indicator of safety of in-patients. A fall is of multifactorial etiology, and its causes are usually classified into intrinsic and extrinsic factors. According to Jenise Morse there are three categories of falls among inpatients: accidental, non-anticipated physiologic and anticipated physiologic fall. Fall induced injuries in clinical and hospital settings are mostly categorized into five groups: no injury, minor injury, moderate injury, severe injury and lethal injury. The number of in-patient falls can be reduced by implementing a prevention programme in order to improve the quality of the specific health care and health care in general. The key preventive strategies aimed at safe and efficient health care include: a regular assessment of the risk for falls using predictive scales, visual identification of patients at high risk for falls, communication with patients and education of patients, their family members and staff about fall prevention interventions.

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Li, Qiwei, Elias Mpofu, Cheng Yin, and Keith W. Turner. "Perception of Falls and Confidence in Self-Management of Falls among Older Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 5054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245054.

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Objectives: Fall preventive programs aim to reduce risks for mortality from fall-related injuries among older adults. However, the covariation between personal perceptions of falls and factors and confidence of self-management in falls (CSMoF) is still under-studied despite its importance to fall prevention. We aimed to investigate the relative contribution of CSMoF in relation to fall risk self-perceptions while controlling for demographics and self-reported health and functioning. Method: Participants were 691 older adults recruited from Area Agency on Aging at Arlington, Texas (females = 76.1%, mean age = 76.23, SD = 6.44, with chronic condition = 79.5%). They completed measures of physical functioning, CSMoF, fall risk perceptions and fear of falls. Results: Regression analyses indicated that fear of fall was the most predictive factor of CSMoF among older persons, accounting for about 25% of the variance. Physical function measures of age, chronic illnesses of metabolism, sensory impairment, and health status were also significant predictors of the CSMoF, but to a lesser extent than fear of falls and fall perceptions. The interaction of perception of falls and fall experience attenuated CSMoF, with physical functioning limitations. Conclusion: The joint effects of perception of falls and fear of falls likely explain CSMoF among older adults more than physical functional indicators. Fall prevention programs for older adults should prioritize to address modifiable subjective factors of fall perceptions, fear of falls, and CSMoF across health and functioning statuses.

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Turjamaa, Riitta, Marja Äijö, Tarja Tervo-Heikkinen, and Marja Silén-Lipponen. "A Qualitative Study of Nursing Students’ Experiences in Fall Prevention for Older Home Care Clients." Journal of Aging Research 2020 (June 28, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7652623.

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The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of nursing students in fall prevention during clinical practice in the context of older home care clients. This was a qualitative focus group study of nursing students (n = 9) who had completed clinical practice in older clients’ home care. The data were analysed using inductive content analysis. The nursing students described their experiences regarding falls and fall prevention in older clients’ home care from two perspectives: evaluation of falls at older people’s homes and fall prevention during home visits. Systematic evaluation of falls was based on physical examination and is the basis of fall prevention. However, evaluation of nutrition and adverse drug effects seemed to be ignored. In addition, fall prevention during home visits included concrete fall prevention in authentic client situations, confidential relationships with older clients, and evidence-based knowledge. From the perspective of fall prevention, there was a lack of comprehensive evaluation and understanding of the meaning of psychological factors, such as fear of falling. In order to be able to prevent falls in the older client population, students need more guidance regarding a comprehensive approach based on evaluation of falls. In addition, there is a need for continuous collaboration between education and home care services to develop educational approaches that interlink knowledge and skills in fall prevention.

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Montero-Odasso, Manuel. "31 Evidence, Assumptions, and Emerging Treatments for Falls Prevention." Age and Ageing 48, Supplement_4 (December 2019): iv9—iv12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz164.31.

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Abstract Falls is a common geriatric syndrome that increases morbidity and mortality. Much of our understanding of falls mechanisms derives from studies that excluded or did not evaluate cognitively impaired older adults. This has limited the evidence for managing falls in this population and generated gaps in our understanding of how cognitive processes affect the pathophysiology of falls. This presentation will provide an overview of the role of cognition in falls with potential implications for managing and preventing falls in older adults. A thorough review of observational and interventional studies addressing the role of cognition on falls will be appraised. The importance of the gait-cognition relationship in aging and neurodegeneration is revised to highlight the role of brain motor control deficits in fall risk. The benefits of dual-task gait assessments as a marker of fall risk is reviewed. Therapeutic approaches for reducing falls by improving certain aspects of cognition will be also appraised.

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Singh, Devinder Kaur Ajit, Jing Wen Goh, Muhammad Iqbal Shaharudin, and Suzana Shahar. "A Mobile App (FallSA) to Identify Fall Risk Among Malaysian Community-Dwelling Older Persons: Development and Validation Study." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 9, no. 10 (October 12, 2021): e23663. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/23663.

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Background Recent falls prevention guidelines recommend early routine fall risk assessment among older persons. Objective The purpose of this study was to develop a Falls Screening Mobile App (FallSA), determine its acceptance, concurrent validity, test-retest reliability, discriminative ability, and predictive validity as a self-screening tool to identify fall risk among Malaysian older persons. Methods FallSA acceptance was tested among 15 participants (mean age 65.93 [SD 7.42] years); its validity and reliability among 91 participants (mean age 67.34 [SD 5.97] years); discriminative ability and predictive validity among 610 participants (mean age 71.78 [SD 4.70] years). Acceptance of FallSA was assessed using a questionnaire, and it was validated against a comprehensive fall risk assessment tool, the Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA). Participants used FallSA to test their fall risk repeatedly twice within an hour. Its discriminative ability and predictive validity were determined by comparing participant fall risk scores between fallers and nonfallers and prospectively through a 6-month follow-up, respectively. Results The findings of our study showed that FallSA had a high acceptance level with 80% (12/15) of older persons agreeing on its suitability as a falls self-screening tool. Concurrent validity test demonstrated a significant moderate correlation (r=.518, P<.001) and agreement (k=.516, P<.001) with acceptable sensitivity (80.4%) and specificity (71.1%). FallSA also had good reliability (intraclass correlation .948; 95% CI .921-.966) and an internal consistency (α=.948, P<.001). FallSA score demonstrated a moderate to strong discriminative ability in classifying fallers and nonfallers. FallSA had a predictive validity of falls with positive likelihood ratio of 2.27, pooled sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 64%, and area under the curve of 0.802. Conclusions These results suggest that FallSA is a valid and reliable fall risk self-screening tool. Further studies are required to empower and engage older persons or care givers in the use of FallSA to self-screen for falls and thereafter to seek early prevention intervention.

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Rubenstein, Laurence Z., Karen R. Josephson, and Dan Osterweil. "Falls and Fall Prevention in the Nursing Home." Clinics in Geriatric Medicine 12, no. 4 (November 1996): 881–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0690(18)30206-4.

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Callis, Natalie. "Falls prevention: Identification of predictive fall risk factors." Applied Nursing Research 29 (February 2016): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2015.05.007.

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Shin, Danny, Simone V. Gill, Theresa W. Kim, Kara M. Magane, Tiana Mason, Timothy Heeren, Michael Winter, Christine Helfrich, and Richard Saitz. "Study Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Trial of a Virtual Occupational Therapy Fall Prevention Intervention for People With HIV and Alcohol Use." Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment 16 (January 2022): 117822182211455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11782218221145548.

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Background: People living with HIV (PLWH) are at risk for falls due to polypharmacy, unhealthy substance (risky alcohol and/or illicit drug) use, low physical activity, and frailty combined with typical age-related physical changes. Fall prevention is needed to reduce the morbidity related to falls and fractures, however, there is a paucity of data on the design of a fall prevention intervention and whether it can be delivered virtually. We describe the protocol of a pilot randomized trial of a virtual occupational therapy fall prevention intervention for people with HIV at high risk for falls and recent alcohol and/or drug use. Method: PLWH will be recruited from the Boston ARCH 4F Cohort study, an observational study of PLWH to examine the impact of alcohol on falls. Trial participants will be randomized to either an occupational therapy-led fall prevention intervention or provided with written education about fall prevention and alcohol use (control). The 10-week fall prevention intervention was based upon results from qualitative interviews with PLWH about falls and will consist of weekly virtual group sessions, home exercises and phone-check-ins, delivered by occupational therapists. The primary outcome measures will be number of groups attended and a participant-completed satisfaction survey. Change in number of falls, alcohol and other drug use, and physical functioning will be examined. Discussion: A virtual occupational therapy fall prevention intervention addresses the emerging concern of fall risk in PLWH and alcohol use. This pilot study will provide preliminary estimates of fall-related outcomes as well as feasibility of study procedures for a larger trial. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04804579. Boston University Protocol Record H-41041

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Reguli, Zdenko, and Lenka Svobodová. "Česká verze diagnostiky strachu z pádů u seniorů FES-I (Falls Efficacy Scale International)." Studia sportiva 5, no. 2 (December 19, 2011): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sts2011-2-1.

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Falls in older people are currently considered as a serious worldwide public health problem. One of the main reason of the fall is reduced capacity for quick adaptation to changing conditions. Fall is always caused by a complex interaction of external and internal factors. Falls often cause injury to the elderly, requiring long-term, complex and expensive treatment. In the cause that a fall does not cause an injury, mobility is reduced because of fear from fall too. Health care facilities, nursing homes and other facilities dealing with prevention of falls. An international network Prevention of Falls Network Europe (ProFaNe) is focused on fall prevention and on improving postural stability. ProFaNe created a diagnostic instrument tool Falls efficacy Scale – International (FES-I) to assess fear of falling among seniors. Diagnostic tool has been successfully translated into several languages using the methodology of Ten Step Translation Protocol. The authors present a valid translations of Falls Efficacy Scale – International for use in the Czech Republic.

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Habib Perez, Olinda D., Samantha Martin, Katherine Chan, Hardeep Singh, Karen K. Yoshida, and Kristin E. Musselman. "A qualitative photo-elicitation study exploring the impact of falls and fall risk on individuals with subacute spinal cord injury." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (June 7, 2022): e0269660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269660.

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Background Individuals living with chronic spinal cord injury or disease (SCI/D) are at an increased risk of falling. However, little is known about the impact of falls and fall risk in the subacute phase of SCI/D, despite this being a time when fall prevention initiatives are delivered. Hence, we explored the impact of falls and fall risk in individuals with subacute SCI/D as they transitioned from inpatient rehabilitation to community living. Methods This qualitative photo-elicitation study used an inductive thematic analysis. Eight individuals (7 male) undergoing inpatient rehabilitation at a Canadian tertiary rehabilitation hospital due to a new SCI/D participated. Six months following discharge, photo-elicitation interviewing was used to understand the impact of falls and fall risk. Over 7–14 days, participants completed a photo-assignment that involved taking photographs in response to questions, such as what increases/decreases your likelihood of falling? A semi-structured interview followed, in which participants described their photographs and discussed their experiences with falls, fall risk and fall prevention training. Results Four themes were identified. 1) Risk factors and strategies identified through lived experience. Participants discovered their fall risk factors and fall prevention strategies through “trial and error”. 2) Influences on the individual’s perception of their fall risk. Prior experience with falls, including falls experienced by themselves as well as friends and family, influenced their perception of fall risk. 3) Experiencing life differently due to increased fall risk. A high fall risk reduced participation, increased negative emotions and decreased independence and quality of life. 4) Falls training in rehabilitation can be improved. Prior experiences with falls training varied; however, participants expressed a desire for comprehensive and individualized training. Conclusion Although participants’ experiences with falls and fall prevention varied, falls and the risk of falling can have a significant impact on the first year of living with a SCI/D.

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de la Cuesta-Benjumea, Carmen, Eva Abad-Corpa, Beatriz Lidón-Cerezuela, Isabel Orts-Cortés, Cristóbal Meseguer-Liza, and Claudia Patricia Arredondo-González. "Situating Preventive Action in a Moral and Clinical Context: A Qualitative Synthesis on Fall Prevention." Qualitative Health Research 30, no. 12 (June 20, 2020): 1913–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732320921144.

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The prevention of falls is an integral part of the safety culture of health institutions with mandatory fall prevention programs set within health care facilities. Care providers are key in identifying the risks of falls and in implementing strategic actions to prevent them. With the aim to better understand practices of fall prevention, we conducted a synthesis of qualitative evidence on care providers’ practices to prevent older people from falling in health care facilities. This synthesis is part of an integrative review of the role of care providers in fall prevention of adults aged 65 years and above. Primary studies were synthesized with the emerging core category of “a complex decision” and described by four emerging conditions that make that decision complex: (a) permanent threat of a fall, (b) continuous flow of information, (c) lack of control, and (d) ethical dilemmas and moral issues over the course of action. The present synthesis shows that before implementing preventive actions, care providers consider the conditions in which they are immersed, in this way situating their preventive actions in a clinical and a moral context.

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Taylor, Suzänne F., Constance L. Coogle, James J. Cotter, E. Ayn Welleford, and Al Copolillo. "Community-Dwelling Older Adults’ Adherence to Environmental Fall Prevention Recommendations." Journal of Applied Gerontology 38, no. 6 (August 11, 2017): 755–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464817723087.

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This study examined the impact of personalized versus generalized education about environmental fall prevention recommendations on older adults’ adherence with recommendations. Secondary aims focused on the impact of recent falls and perceived susceptibility of future falls on adherence with recommendations. Twenty-four community-dwelling older adults aged 65 to 89 years were randomized into two groups to receive either personalized or generalized education intervention on environmental fall prevention recommendations. A significant difference was found in the mean total percentage of adherence with recommendations of those receiving personalized education (69%) compared with those receiving generalized education (37%). No statistically significant relationship was found between sustaining recent falls, nor perceived susceptibility to future falls, and their extent of adherence with environmental fall prevention recommendations. Providing personalized education for environmental fall prevention recommendations may improve older adults’ adherence with the recommendations given.

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M.D., JeongHee Yang. "The Prevention of Falls." Journal of the Korean Geriatrics Society 16, no. 3 (September 30, 2012): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4235/jkgs.2012.16.3.101.

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Sloan, Helen. "Primary Prevention of Falls." Home Healthcare Nurse: The Journal for the Home Care and Hospice Professional 15, no. 5 (May 1997): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004045-199705000-00008.

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Dentizzi, C., A. Cerio, F. Colucci, S. Praitano, A. Ruccolo, and M. Staffolani. "Old people falls' prevention." Injury Prevention 16, Supplement 1 (September 1, 2010): A171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2010.029215.611.

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Anthony, Loretta. "Falls prevention and assessment." British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 1, no. 1 (April 2007): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjha.2007.1.1.23225.

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Fujii, Akihiro, Ippei Nakamura, Haruko Kage, Asako Matsubara, Nobusuke Tan, Ichiro Kunitsugu, Shinichi Sugiyama, Masayuki Okuda, and Tatsuya Hobara. "Prevention of elderly falls." Nursing and Health Sciences 6, no. 2 (June 2004): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2018.2004.187_7.x.

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Mark, Janice A. "HOW TO STEADI YOUR PATIENTS WITH THE COORDINATED CARE PLAN TO PREVENT OLDER ADULT FALLS AND EVALUATION GUIDE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S857—S858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3152.

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Abstract Falls are common, costly, and the leading cause of fatal and nonfatal injuries for older Americans. Reports show that fall death rates are increasing. Healthcare providers play an important role in fall prevention but few talk to their patients about falls. This lack of communication demonstrates the need for more physician-initiated fall prevention. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) created the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries (STEADI) initiative to help providers talk to their patients about falls. Specifically, CDC’s new STEADI-based fall prevention program, the Coordinated Care Plan to Prevent Older Adult Falls (CCP) and Evaluation Guide for Older Adult Clinical Fall Prevention Programs can assist healthcare providers in integrating and evaluating new fall prevention programs that screen older adults for fall risk, assess patients’ modifiable fall risk factors, and implement evidenced-based fall prevention interventions (e.g., medication management, physical therapy). The CCP offers guidance for incorporating a STEADI-based fall prevention program including how to engage leadership, integrate with existing clinic workflow and electronic health records, and strategies on how to obtain reimbursement for fall prevention. The Evaluation Plan offers details on how to engage stakeholders, collect data, interpret findings and how to share results for maximum impact. Both documents were based on lessons learned from successful implementation of STEADI-based programs in primary care. A STEADI-based program in New York found fewer fall-related hospitalizations among at-risk patients who received a fall prevention care plan compared to at-risk patients who did not receive a care plan.

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Sturnieks, Daina, Yoshiro Okubo, Matthew Brodie, and Stephen Lord. "159 Reactive Balance Training for Preventing Falls in Older People." Age and Ageing 48, Supplement_4 (December 2019): iv34—iv39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz164.159.

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Abstract Appropriately timed and directed balance responses are crucial for avoiding a fall. These responses, including feet-in-place adjustments of the centre of mass, stepping and gait adaptations, may be initiated voluntarily to proactively avoid falling or induced reactively in response to sudden external perturbations to balance. Despite good evidence that poor reactive balance responses contribute to falls and injuries, traditional fall prevention interventions have ignored this skill. Reactive balance (or perturbation) training intervention methods are emerging and show promise for preventing falls in older people, some evidence suggesting a 50% reduction in falls. We recruited 44 older adults into a parallel, blinded randomized controlled trial, comparing 3 sessions of reactive balance training (exposure to trips and slips) to one session of sham training. The primary outcome was falls following laboratory-induced trips and slips (>30% body weight in harness). Relative to the control group, the intervention group experienced fewer total falls (rate ratio [RR]=0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.22-0.76), slip falls (RR=0.33, 95% CI=0.12-0.90) and trip falls (RR=0.49, 95% CI=0.21-1.12). These results will be discussed in the context of other current evidence for reactive balance training and suggestions made for how such interventions might influence the future of fall prevention.

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Ueda, Tetsuya, Yumi Higuchi, Gentoku Hattori, Hiromi Nomura, Gen Yamanaka, Akiko Hosaka, Mina Sakuma, Takato Fukuda, Takanori Fukumoto, and Takashi Nemoto. "Effectiveness of a Tailored Fall-Prevention Program for Discharged Older Patients: A Multicenter, Preliminary, Randomized Controlled Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 3 (January 30, 2022): 1585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031585.

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This multicenter, preliminary, randomized controlled trial investigated the effect of a tailored fall-prevention program using home floor plans for discharged orthopedic patients aged ≥65 years who experienced ≥1 fall(s) in the past year (n = 72) at five acute-care hospitals. The control group received standard care (exercise to prevent recurrent falls), whereas the intervention group received a tailored fall-prevention program in addition to usual care. A physical therapist conducted the tailored education program using each patient’s home floor plans before discharge. A follow-up survey of falls and near-falls at home was performed using a monthly fall calendar for the 1-month period after discharge. Data on 81.5% of participants remained for the final analyses. No falls occurred in the intervention group; however, 4.3% of those in the control group experienced a fall. Near-falls were reported by 3.7% and 26.9% of the participants in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The proportion of participants who did not experience near-falls in the 1st month after discharge was lower in the intervention than in the control group (p = 0.018). In conclusion, the tailored fall-prevention program using home floor plans in multiple acute-care hospitals was effective in reducing falls and near-falls in discharged orthopedic patients.

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Cameron, Michelle, Susan Coote, and Jacob J. Sosnoff. "Whom to Target for Falls-Prevention Trials." International Journal of MS Care 16, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2014-054.

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Effective falls-prevention approaches for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) are needed. A significant challenge in studying falls-prevention programs for people with MS is deciding whom to include in trials. This article presents and discusses potential criteria for selecting participants for trials of falls-prevention interventions in MS. This narrative review reports on the inaugural meeting of the International MS Falls Prevention Research Network (IMSFPRN), which was held in March 2014 in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Criteria considered were age, assistive device use, cognition, and fall history. The IMSFPRN reached consensus agreement to recommend that participants of all ages with varying levels of cognitive ability who are able to ambulate with or without assistance and who have a history of falling should be included in their future falls-prevention trials.

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Morello, Renata Teresa, Sze-Ee Soh, Kate Behm, Amy Egan, Darshini Ayton, Keith Hill, Leon Flicker, et al. "Multifactorial falls prevention programmes for older adults presenting to the emergency department with a fall: systematic review and meta-analysis." Injury Prevention 25, no. 6 (July 9, 2019): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043214.

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ObjectiveTo determine whether multifactorial falls prevention interventions are effective in preventing falls, fall injuries, emergency department (ED) re-presentations and hospital admissions in older adults presenting to the ED with a fall.DesignSystematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Data sourcesFour health-related electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched (inception to June 2018).Study selectionRCTs of multifactorial falls prevention interventions targeting community-dwelling older adults ( ≥ 60 years) presenting to the ED with a fall with quantitative data on at least one review outcome.Data extractionTwo independent reviewers determined inclusion, assessed study quality and undertook data extraction, discrepancies resolved by a third.Data synthesis12 studies involving 3986 participants, from six countries, were eligible for inclusion. Studies were of variable methodological quality. Multifactorial interventions were heterogeneous, though the majority included education, referral to healthcare services, home modifications, exercise and medication changes. Meta-analyses demonstrated no reduction in falls (rate ratio = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.58 to 1.05), number of fallers (risk ratio = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.88 to 1.18), rate of fractured neck of femur (risk ratio = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.53 to 1.25), fall-related ED presentations (rate ratio = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.84 to 1.16) or hospitalisations (rate ratio = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.69 to 1.89) with multifactorial falls prevention programmes.ConclusionsThere is insufficient evidence to support the use of multifactorial interventions to prevent falls or hospital utilisation in older people presenting to ED following a fall. Further research targeting this population group is required.

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Frith, James, and John Davison. "Falls." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 23, no. 2 (March 18, 2013): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259813000026.

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SummaryFalls and fall-related injury are common and become more prevalent with increasing age. Risk factors for falling are numerous, synergistic and complex, and require multidisciplinary assessment. The evidence base for intervention strategies continues to improve, but is often limited by the methodological difficulties that are inherent in falls research. The most effective intervention is a multifactorial approach that targets identified risk factors. Multicomponent exercise, either in a group or individually, is one of the most effective components of intervention. Other successful components include home hazard modification and psychotropic medication withdrawal. Primary prevention does not appear to be cost effective, but secondary prevention far outweighs the cost of falls and fall-related injury.

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Deer, Alexarae, Carlyn Ellison, and Linda Struckmeyer. "The Risk Factors and Preventive Measures Regarding Fall-Related Injuries at Home Among Older Adults: A Literature Review." Spring 2021 2, no. 1 (February 25, 2020): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46409/001.jgwi9785.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors, among older adults, that play a role in causing fall-related injuries in the home as well as to investigate the various preventive measures via a literature review. 14 articles were identified to have met the inclusion/exclusion criteria for this review. The results showed that there were potentially modifiable risk factors (for example, musculoskeletal factors like balance and gait impairment), several available preventive measures (for example, home modifications and medication review), and effective multifactorial programs in preventing falls among older adults. This study also sought to locate gaps in the current literature regarding fall risk prevention in the older adult demographic. Additionally, selected articles were found to neglect the role of occupational therapy in fall prevention.

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Tkacheva, O. N., N. K. Runikhina, N. V. Sharashkina, E. I. Lesina, and Yu V. Kotovskaya. "Nursing protocol: fall prevention in elderly and senile patients." Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37586/2686-8636-2-2021-237-240.

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The prevalence of in-hospital falls varies depending on medical institution profile and department. According to various sources, the incidence of falls in intensive care units (ICU) is 2.3-7 falls per 1000 bed-days (a day spent by a person in the hospital). Assessment of fall risk in elderly patients shows that especially in case of deteriorating health, after transfer to another department, and when the fall has already happened, according to the protocol nurses will allow quickly identification of the problem and provide timely correction.

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Hoke, Linda M., and Rachel T. Zekany. "Two Sides to Every Fall: Patient and Nurse Perspectives." Critical Care Nurse 40, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2020289.

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Background Despite vast evidence describing risk factors associated with falls and fall prevention strategies, falls continue to present challenges in acute care settings. Objective To describe and categorize patient and nurse perspectives on falls and nurses’ suggestions for preventing falls. Methods To improve transparency about the causes of falls, nurses interviewed patients in a 48-bed progressive cardiac care unit who had experienced a fall. A content analysis approach was used to examine responses to 3 open-ended items: why patients said they fell, why nurses said the patients fell, and nurses’ reflections on how each fall could have been prevented. Results Over a 2-year period, 67 falls occurred. Main themes regarding causes of falls were activity (41 falls, 61%), coordination (16 falls, 24%), and environment (10 falls, 15%). Patients said they fell because they slipped, had a medical issue, were dizzy, or had weak legs. Nurses said patients fell because they had a medical issue or did not call for assistance. Conclusions Nurses and patients agreed on the causes of assisted falls but disagreed on the causes of unassisted falls. Nurses frequently said that the use of a bed alarm could have prevented the fall.

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Coote, Susan, Jacob J. Sosnoff, and Hilary Gunn. "Fall Incidence as the Primary Outcome in Multiple Sclerosis Falls-Prevention Trials." International Journal of MS Care 16, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2014-059.

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The aim of this article is to provide recommendations on behalf of the International MS Falls Prevention Research Network (IMSFPRN) for the primary outcome measure for multiple sclerosis (MS) falls-prevention interventions. The article will consider the definition of a fall, methods of measuring falls, and the elements of falls that should be recorded, as well as how these elements should be presented and analyzed. While this information can be used to inform the content of falls-prevention programs, the primary aim of the article is to make recommendations on how the outcome of these programs should be captured.

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Lombard, Kim, Laura Desmond, Ciara Phelan, and Joan Brangan. "Irish occupational therapists use of evidenced-based falls prevention programmes." Irish Journal of Occupational Therapy 48, no. 1 (November 13, 2019): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijot-02-2019-0002.

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Purpose As one ages, the risk of experiencing a fall increases and poses a number of serious consequences; 30 per cent of individuals over 65 years of age fall each year. Evidence-based falls prevention programmes demonstrate efficacy in reducing the rate and risk of falls among older adults, but their use in Irish occupational therapy practice is unknown. This study aims to investigate the implementation of falls prevention programmes by occupational therapists working with older adults in Ireland. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey was used to gather data on the use of falls prevention programmes among occupational therapists working with older adults in any clinical setting across Ireland. Purposeful, convenience and snowball sampling methods were used. The Association of Occupational Therapists of Ireland acted as a gatekeeper. Descriptive statistics and summative content analysis were used to analyse quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Findings In all, 85 survey responses were analysed. Over 85 per cent of respondents reported “Never” using any of the evidence-based falls prevention programmes. The “OTAGO” Exercise Programme was the most “Frequently” used programme (9.5 per cent, n = 7); 29 respondents reported using “in-department” developed falls prevention programmes and 14 provided additional comments regarding current falls prevention practices in Ireland. Originality/value In the absence of Irish data on the subject, this study provides a benchmark to describe the use of evidence-based falls programmes by Irish occupational therapists with older adults.

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Meyer, Claudia, Sophie Hill, Keith D. Hill, and Briony Dow. "Sharing knowledge of falls prevention for people with dementia: insights for community care practice." Australian Journal of Primary Health 23, no. 5 (2017): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py16142.

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People living with dementia (PLWD) fall more frequently, with more adverse consequences, than general community-dwelling older people; however, falls prevention evidence for PLWD is limited. Increased success of falls prevention strategies for PLWD may rely on tailored interventions to address dementia-specific risk factors. The Australian person-centred care environment highlights the need to better understand sharing of falls prevention knowledge between clients, carers and health professionals. This study aims to examine knowledge of falls prevention for PLWD among community care health professionals (CCHPs) and explore effectiveness of an action–research approach to enhance falls prevention practice. Consecutive action–research sessions were conducted with four groups of Australian multidisciplinary CCHPs (n=18), including a knowledge survey of CCHPs, followed by implementation of action plans. Thematic analysis of the transcribed discussion was undertaken. Results showed limited knowledge and understanding of evidence-based falls prevention strategies, but small incremental changes made by CCHPs through action research offered insights into enhancing knowledge and awareness. Appropriate professional development for community care health professionals is needed to support falls prevention for PLWD, along with associated organisational changes, to ensure knowledge is adequate.

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Keay, Lisa, Lisa Dillon, Lindy Clemson, Anne Tiedemann, Catherine Sherrington, Peter McCluskey, Pradeep Ramulu, et al. "PrevenTing Falls in a high-risk, vision-impaired population through specialist ORientation and Mobility services: protocol for the PlaTFORM randomised trial." Injury Prevention 24, no. 6 (February 13, 2017): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042301.

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BackgroundOlder people with vision impairment have significant ongoing morbidity, including risk of falls, but are neglected in fall prevention programmes. PlaTFORM is a pragmatic evaluation of the Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise fall prevention programme for older people with vision impairment or blindness (v-LiFE). Implementation and scalability issues will also be investigated.MethodsPlaTFORM is a single-blinded, randomised trial designed to evaluate the v-LiFE programme compared with usual care. Primary outcomes are fall rate over 12 months, measured using prospective monthly fall calendars, and function and participation assessed by the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (Late-Life FDI) Function component. The secondary outcome is rate of falls requiring medical care. Activity-normalised fall rate will be estimated using accelerometer-measured physical activity data. EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level questionnaire will measure quality of life and impact of falls. Health record linkage will estimate resource use associated with falls. v-LiFE cost-effectiveness will be determined compared with usual care. 500 participants (250 per group) can provide 90% power to detect a significant between-group difference in fall rates; 588 will be recruited to allow for drop-out. Falls per person-year and Late-Life FDI will be compared between groups.DiscussionPlaTFORM will determine if falls can be prevented among older people with vision loss through a home-based exercise programme. v-LiFE embeds balance and strength training within everyday activities with the aim of preventing falls. The study will also determine whether the programme can be effectively delivered by personnel who provide Orientation and Mobility training for people with vision impairment.Trial registration numberACTRN12616001186448p.

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Singh, Hardeep, Arielle Shibi Rosen, Geoff Bostick, Anita Kaiser, and Kristin E. Musselman. "Exploring the causes and impacts of falls among ambulators with spinal cord injury using photovoice: a mixed-methods study." BMJ Open 10, no. 8 (August 2020): e039763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039763.

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ObjectivesThis study explored: (1) fall circumstances experienced by ambulators with spinal cord injury (SCI) over a 6-month period, (2) the impacts of falls-related injuries and fall risk and (3) their preferences/recommendations for fall prevention.DesignA sequential explanatory mixed-methods design with two phases.SettingA Canadian SCI rehabilitation hospital and community setting.ParticipantsThirty-three ambulators with SCI participated in phase 1 and eight participants that fell in phase 1 participated in phase 2.MethodsIn phase 1, fall circumstances were tracked using a survey that was completed each time a participant fell during the 6-month tracking period. Phase 2 involved photovoice; participants took photographs of factors that influenced their fall risk and how their fall risk impacted their work/recreational activities. Participants discussed the photographs and topics related to fall prevention in an individual interview and a focus group.ResultsOf the 33 participants, 21 fell in 6 months. Falls commonly occurred in the home while participants were changing positions or walking. Most falls occurred in the morning or afternoon. In phase 2, interviews and focus group discussion revealed three themes: (1) falls are caused by bodily impairments (eg, impaired reactive response during slips and trips and weakness and altered sensation in legs/feet), (2) impacts of fall-related injuries and fall risk (eg, psychosocial effects of fall-related injuries, limiting community participation due to the risk of falling and activity-dependent concern of falling) and (3) approaches to fall prevention (eg, fall prevention strategies used, components of fall prevention and utility of professional fall prevention strategies/interventions).ConclusionsFall prevention interventions/strategies should focus on minimising a person’s fall risk within their home as most falls occurred in the home environment. Ambulators with SCI would benefit from education and awareness about common fall circumstances that they may encounter in their daily lives.

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GAJOS, MAŁGORZATA, RADOSŁAW PERKOWSKI, AGNIESZKA KUJAWSKA, JOANNA ANDROSIUK, JOANNA WYDRA, and KAROLINA FILIPSKA. "PHYSIOTHERAPY METHODS IN PREVENTION OF FALLS IN ELDERLY PEOPLE." Journal of Education Culture and Society 7, no. 1 (June 28, 2016): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs20161.92.102.

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The process of population ageing is observed not only in Poland but also in other European countries. Physiological processes of ageing reduces the functional capacity. In particular, associated diseases, progressive weakness and failure of the motor system increases the risk of collapse in seniors. Dangerous consequences of falls, inter alia, injuries, can often cause death, what justifies its classification as a so-called geriatric giant. Health and psychosocial consequences of falls should be noted. Therefore, there is a great need for induction of preventive measures. Many results of studies constantly show, that an effective intervention in preventing falls in seniors should include, first and foremost, multidirectional rehabilitation, which aims to improve balance and increase postural strength muscle. In addition, prevention should include: patient education, pharmacotherapy prescribed by a medical specialist, eyesight improvement, elimination of potential risks surrounding the patient. The introduction of multi-directional prevention of falls can reduce the risk of their occurrence up to 50%

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Rice, Laura A., Libak Abou, Toni Van Denend, Elizabeth W. Peterson, and Jacob J. Sosnoff. "Falls Among Wheelchair and Scooter Users with Multiple Sclerosis—A Review." US Neurology 14, no. 2 (2018): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usn.2018.14.2.82.

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Falls are increasingly recognized as a threat to the safety, health and well-being of people with multiple sclerosis (MS), and emerging evidence suggests that full time wheelchair and scooter users with MS have unique fall prevention needs. This review is comprised of three parts. Part 1 summarizes findings describing influences on falls among full time wheelchair and scooter users with MS and associated clinical implications. Although further studies are needed, early findings regarding influences on fall risk operating in this specific population highlight the importance of addressing falls that occur during activities of daily living, the high frequency of falls occurring in the bathroom, and both extrinsic (e.g., wet/slippery surfaces) and intrinsic (e.g., muscle spasticity/weakness) contributors to falls. Part 2 of this review describes available evidence regarding interventions to prevent falls in full time wheelchair and scooter users with MS. Because intervention work in this area is limited to one pilot study, Part 3 presents priorities for future research and identifies the need for randomized trials evaluating fall prevention programs that address diverse fall risk factors and allow for development and attainment of individualized fall prevention goals.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Falls prevention'

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