Academic literature on the topic 'Families – Moral and ethical aspects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Families – Moral and ethical aspects"
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Wright, David, and Susan Brajtman. "Relational and embodied knowing: Nursing ethics within the interprofessional team." Nursing Ethics 18, no. 1 (January 2011): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733010386165.
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In this article we attempt to situate nursing within the interprofessional care team with respect to processes of ethical practice and ethical decision making. After briefly reviewing the concept of interprofessionalism, the idea of a nursing ethic as ‘unique’ within the context of an interprofessional team will be explored. We suggest that nursing’s distinct perspective on the moral matters of health care stem not from any privileged vantage point but rather from knowledge developed through the daily activities of nursing practice. Because of their position vis-à-vis patients and families in everyday clinical care, nurses cultivate ethical knowledge of at least two forms: (1) relational knowledge; and (2) embodied knowledge. Through the integration of these forms of knowledge, nurses develop a unique moral perspective and can make a meaningful contribution to the realm of ethics in interprofessional care.
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Wagner, Nurit, and Ilana Ronen. "Ethical Dilemmas Experienced By Hospital and Community Nurses: an Israeli Survey." Nursing Ethics 3, no. 4 (December 1996): 294–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309600300403.
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The objective of this survey was to assess the extent to which nurses encounter and identify dilemma-generating situations in the light of the publication and circulation of the Israeli code of ethics for nurses in 1994. The results are being used as a basis for a programme aimed at promoting nurses' decision-making skills in coping with ethical dilemmas. In this era of major advances in medicine, the nurse's role as the protector of patient rights may bring about conflicts with physicians' orders, with institutional policies, or with patients' families. Nurses will then become confronted with ethical and moral dilemmas. A nationwide survey was carried out to identify and describe the ethical conflicts with which nurses in Israel are confronted in the course of their work. A third of the enumerated dilemmas were encountered by more than 50% of the nurses. The major determinant influencing encounters with dilemmas, as perceived by the participating nurses, was their work setting, namely, the hospital versus the community. It was shown that nurses seek support mainly among their peers, they are barely familiar with the Israeli Code, and they consider their own families as the predominant factor in shaping their ethical attitudes.
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Peter, Elizabeth, Shan Mohammed, and Anne Simmonds. "Sustaining hope as a moral competency in the context of aggressive care." Nursing Ethics 22, no. 7 (October 14, 2014): 743–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733014549884.
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Background: Nurses who provide aggressive care often experience the ethical challenge of needing to preserve the hope of seriously ill patients and their families without providing false hope. Research objectives: The purpose of this inquiry was to explore nurses’ moral competence related to fostering hope in patients and their families within the context of aggressive technological care. A secondary purpose was to understand how this competence is shaped by the social–moral space of nurses’ work in order to capture how competencies may reflect an adaptation to a less than ideal work environment. Research design: A critical qualitative approach was used. Participants: Fifteen graduate nursing students from various practice areas participated. Ethical considerations: After receiving ethics approval from the university, signed informed consent was obtained from participants before they were interviewed. Findings: One overarching theme ‘Mediating the tension between providing false hope and destroying hope within biomedicine’ along with three subthemes, including ‘Reimagining hopeful possibilities’, ‘Exercising caution within the social–moral space of nursing’ and ‘Maintaining nurses’ own hope’, was identified, which represents specific aspects of this moral competency. Discussion: This competency represents a complex, nuanced and multi-layered set of skills in which nurses must be well attuned to the needs and emotions of their patients and families, have the foresight to imagine possible future hopes, be able to acknowledge death, have advanced interpersonal skills, maintain their own hope and ideally have the capacity to challenge those around them when the provision of aggressive care is a form of providing false hope. Conclusion: The articulation of moral competencies may support the development of nursing ethics curricula to prepare future nurses in a way that is sensitive to the characteristics of actual practice settings.
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Passos dos Santos, Raissa, Eliane Tatsch Neves, and Franco Carnevale. "The moral experiences of pediatric nurses in Brazil: Engagement and relationships." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 5 (March 1, 2018): 1566–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017753744.
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Background: Pediatric nursing care involves many significant ethical challenges. Although nurses are broadly recognized as professionals with relevant knowledge about children and families, little is known about how nurses experience ethical concerns in their everyday practice. Objective: The objective of this study was to better understand the moral experiences and related moral distress experiences of nurses working in pediatric settings in Brazil. Design: Interpretative phenomenological study conducted through narrative interviews. Participants and research context: Nine nurses working in three pediatric settings of a teaching hospital in a city of Southern Brazil. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the research site, and research ethics principles were respected throughout the study. Findings: This investigation illuminated a broader dimension of nurses’ moral distress, which was recognized as moral experience. In advancing our understanding of nurses’ moral experiences, engagement was identified as a central phenomenon that is present in the understandings and actions of nurses within their relationships in their daily practice and lived experiences. Three themes were described with regard to nurses’ relationships and their moral experiences: (a) relationship with the healthcare team; (b) relationship with the family; and (c) relationship with the child. Discussion: The findings of this study are congruent with emerging health literature that demonstrated the focus on moral distress as limiting for bioethical inquiry. Moreover, it is important to better understand and recognize nurses’ relational environment and engagements to advance understandings of the ethical dimensions of pediatric nursing practice. Conclusion: This study provides a better understanding on how engagement affects moral experiences, demonstrating how nurses can experience distress but also satisfaction, gratification, rewarding feelings, and a sense of responsibility for the care they provide.
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Lee, Susan, Ellen M. Robinson, Pamela J. Grace, Angelika Zollfrank, and Martha Jurchak. "Developing a moral compass: Themes from the Clinical Ethics Residency for Nurses’ final essays." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 1 (April 28, 2019): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019833125.
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Background: The Clinical Ethics Residency for Nurses was offered selectively to nurses affiliated with two academic medical centers to increase confidence in ethical decision-making. Research Question/Aim: To discover how effective the participants perceived the program and if their goals of participation had been met. Research design: A total of 65 end-of-course essays (from three cohorts) were analyzed using modified directed content analysis. In-depth and recursive readings of the essays by faculty were guided by six questions that had been posed to graduates. Ethical considerations: Institutional review board approval was granted for the duration of the program and its reporting period. Confidentiality was maintained via the use of codes for all evaluations including the essays and potentially identifying content redacted. Findings: An umbrella theme emerged: participants had developed ethical knowledge and skills that provided a “moral compass to navigate the many gray areas of decision-making that confront them in daily practice.” Six major themes corresponding to questions posed to the participants included the ability to advocate for good patient care; to support and empower colleagues, patients, and families; they experienced personal and professional transformation; they valued the multimodal nature of the program; and were using their new knowledge and skills in practice. However, they also recognized that their development as moral agents was an ongoing process. Discussion: Findings support that enhancing nurse confidence in their moral agency with a multimodal educational approach that includes mentored practice in ethical decision-making, enhancing communication skills and role-play can mitigate moral distress. A majority found the program personally and professionally transformative. However, they recognized that ongoing ethics discussion involvement and supportive environments would be important in their continued development of ethical agency. Conclusion: Multimodal ethics education programs have potential to be transformative and enhance nurse confidence in their ethical decision-making.
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Yaremin, B. I., S. Yu Pushkin, A. S. Navasardyan, A. A. Selyutin, K. K. Gubarev, and V. E. Alexandrova. "Moral and ethical aspects of organ donation for transplantation – catechism project." Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH), no. 1 (April 13, 2021): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.20340/vmi-rvz.2021.1.tx.3.
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The moral and ethical aspects of organ donation for transplantation constitute a new section of the doctor's activity. The correct and motivated awareness of the answers to the main questions that may arise from members of the public, patients, members of their families, medical personnel, undoubtedly, is within the competence of the doctor. This work is devoted to the analysis of existing approaches to answering the main questions arising around the activity of preserving the organs of the deceased for transplantation. The work was done in the format of a catechism, questions and the answers offered to them. Answers are given as one of the options.
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Oddi, Lorys F., Virginia R. Cassidy, and Cheryl Fisher. "Nurses' Sensitivity To the Ethical Aspects of Clinical Practice." Nursing Ethics 2, no. 3 (September 1995): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309500200303.
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The purpose of this study was to describe the extent to which nurses perceive the ethical dimensions of clinical practice situations involving patients, families and health care professionals. Using the composite theory of basic moral principles and the professional standard of care established by legal custom as a framework, situations involving ethical dilemmas were gleaned from the nursing literature. They were reviewed for content validity, clarity and representativeness in a two-stage process by expert panels. The situations were presented in a written format to a convenience sample of nurses (n = 125), who were primarily staff nurses (65.6%). Respondents' judgements about whether the main issue of each situation concerned ethics ranged from a low of 0.8% to a high of 40%. From analyses of the categories into which the majority of subjects placed each situation, it was concluded that these nurses generally perceived ethics as the main issue in situations that directly involve patients' autonomy. Analysis yielded unanticipated findings about the themes in ethical situations to which nurses in practice may respond.
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Andersson, Petra Lilja, Åsa Petersén, Caroline Graff, and Anna-Karin Edberg. "Ethical aspects of a predictive test for Huntington’s Disease." Nursing Ethics 23, no. 5 (August 2016): 565–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733015576356.
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Background: A predictive genetic test for Huntington’s disease can be used before any symptoms are apparent, but there is only sparse knowledge about the long-term consequences of a positive test result. Such knowledge is important in order to gain a deeper understanding of families’ experiences. Objectives: The aim of the study was to describe a young couple’s long-term experiences and the consequences of a predictive test for Huntington’s disease. Research design: A descriptive case study design was used with a longitudinal narrative life history approach. Participants and research context: The study was based on 18 interviews with a young couple, covering a period of 2.5 years; starting 6 months after the disclosure of the test results showing the woman to be a carrier of the gene causing Huntington’s disease. Ethical considerations: Even though the study was extremely sensitive, where potential harm constantly had to be balanced against the benefits, the couple had a strong wish to contribute to increased knowledge about people in their situation. The study was approved by the ethics committee. Findings: The results show that the long-term consequences were devastating for the family. This 3-year period was characterized by anxiety, repeated suicide attempts, financial difficulties and eventually divorce. Discussion: By offering a predictive test, the healthcare system has an ethical and moral responsibility. Once the test result is disclosed, the individual and the family cannot live without the knowledge it brings. Support is needed in a long-term perspective and should involve counselling concerning the families’ everyday life involving important decision-making, reorientation towards a new outlook of the future and the meaning of life. Conclusion: As health professionals, our ethical and moral responsibility thus embraces not only the phase in direct connection to the actual genetic test but also a commitment to provide support to help the family deal with the long-term consequences of the test.
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Juujärvi, Soile, Kirsi Ronkainen, and Piia Silvennoinen. "The ethics of care and justice in primary nursing of older patients." Clinical Ethics 14, no. 4 (September 19, 2019): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477750919876250.
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While the ethic of care has generally been regarded as an appropriate attitude for nurses, it has not received equal attention as a mode of ethical problem solving. The primary nursing model is expected to be aligned with the ethic of care because it emphases the nurse–patient relationship and enables more independent role for nurses in decision-making. The aim of this study was to examine nurses’ ethical decision-making in the context of primary nursing. Participants were seven nurses, and one physiotherapist from a geriatric rehabilitation unit of a public hospital in Finland. Data were collected through focus group interviews and qualitatively analyzed through Lyons’ coding scheme for moral orientations. The results showed that primary nurses employ empathic understanding and particularistic thinking when building relationships with patients and their families, and when assessing their needs for coping at home after discharge. Most ethical conflicts were related to discharge and were solved through balancing the ethics of care and justice considerations. It is concluded that care and justice are integrated in nurses’ everyday ethical decision-making. The ethic of care nurtures good patient–nurse relationships, while the ethic of justice is needed to address the fair delivery of care in the context of an aging population and diminishing public resources. Both ethics should be acknowledged in clinical practices and included in ethics education.
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Marsh, Wendy, Ann Robinson, Jill Shawe, and Ann Gallagher. "Removal of babies at birth and the moral distress of midwives." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 4 (September 16, 2019): 1103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019874503.
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Background Midwives and nurses appear vulnerable to moral distress when caring for women whose babies are removed at birth. They may experience professional dissatisfaction and their relationships with women, families and colleagues may be compromised. The impact of moral distress may manifest as anger, guilt, frustration, anxiety and a desire to give up their profession. While there has been much attention exploring the concept of moral distress in midwifery, this is the first study to explore its association in this context. Aim This article explores midwives’ experiences of moral distress when providing care to women whose babies were removed at birth and gives valuable insight into an issue nurses and midwives encounter in their profession. Methods Four mothers and eight midwives took part in this research. Narrative inquiry incorporating photo-elicitation techniques was used to generate data; mothers were interviewed face to face and midwives through focus groups. The images and audio data were collected, transcribed and analysed for emerging themes. For the purpose of this article, only the midwives’ stories are reported. This research received a favourable ethical opinion from the University of Surrey Ethics committee. Ethical considerations This study received a favourable ethical approval from a higher education institutes ethics committee. Results Midwives who care for women whose babies are removed at birth report it as one of the most distressing areas of contemporary clinical practice. Furthermore, they report feelings of guilt, helplessness and betrayal of the midwife–mother relationship. Many of the midwives in this study state that these experiences stay with them for a long time, far more than more joyful aspects of their role. Conclusion Midwives experience moral distress. Support systems, education and training must be available to them if we are to reduce the long-term impact upon them, alleviate their distress and prevent them from leaving the profession.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Families – Moral and ethical aspects"
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Ho, Hon-kuen, and 何漢權. "Zeng Guofan's (1811-1872) views on family education." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38603470.
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Caldas, Laura Cândida Pedrosa. "Assédio moral no trabalho, sofrimento e impactos na família: estudo com trabalhadores atendidos no CEST (Centro de Especializado em Saúde do Trabalhador), da Prefeitura do Recife/PE, 2007." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2007. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=274.
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Este estudo visa compreender o sofrimento do trabalhador, vítima de assédio moral, seu contexto de trabalho e as repercussões em sua família. Especificamente, tem por objetivo descrever o contexto de trabalho dos trabalhadores vitimados; caracterizar as situações de assédio moral e relacioná-Ias com o sofrimento no trabalho; e verificar as repercussões desta forma de violência na família dos assediados. A Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e a Teoria Geral
de Sistemas são as principais bases epistemológicas que subsidiam este estudo. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa de natureza qualitativa. Participaram 06 (seis) trabalhadores vitimados, atendidos no CEST -Centro Especializado em Saúde do 1 Trabalhador, órgão da Prefeitura da Cidade do Recife/PE. A técnica utilizada para a coleta dos dados foi a entrevista semi-diretiva ou semi-estruturada. O método foi a Análise de Conteúdo, na perspectiva de Minayo. As respostas obtidas foram categorizadas por temas alinhados aos objetivos propostos, baseando-se na Análise Temática. Os resultados obtidos apontam que a organização do trabalho contribui sobremaneira para as práticas e as reproduções das situações de assédio moral, provocando vivências de sofrimento no trabalhador vitimado. Indicam que o significado do trabalho, considerando sua subjetividade e sua ideologia, sofre alterações de caráter negativo em função da violência vivida, além de causar insatisfação e desmotivação no trabalho. Os sinais de assédio moral, evidenciados nas entrevistas, denotam repercussões negativas na saúde do trabalhador e na família; seja porque o trabalhador vitimado não encontra suporte entre seus entes significativos; seja porque ele reproduz, em sua família, a violência sofrida. É ainda evidenciado, neste estudo, embora extrapolando os objetivos propostos, impactos no desempenho profissional. Os dados obtidos ainda revelam que as organizações não saem ilesas desta forma de violência praticada em sua ambiência. As falas dos participantes indicam que o fenômeno do assédio moral inviabiliza as relações socioprofissionais, aumentam os indicadores de absenteísmo e rotatividade, diminuem a produtividade, além de gerar danos econômicos e financeiros, haja vista que algumas empresas foram condenadas na Justiça do Trabalho. Este estudo pretende, por fim, contribuir para o incremento de novas pesquisas que apontem estratégias preventivas e corretivas para as situações de violência moral no trabalho e que aprofundem, principalmente, acerca das repercussões da organização do trabalho na dinâmica familiar do coletivo de seus trabalhadores.
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Caldas, Laura Cândida Pedrosa. "Assédio moral no trabalho, sofrimento e impactos na família: estudo com trabalhadores atendidos no CEST (Centro de Especializado em Saúde do Trabalhador), da Prefeitura do Recife/PE, 2007." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2008. http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/89.
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Previous issue date: 2008-06-17This study aims at understanding the suffering of employees who have been victims of moral harássment, their working context and the repercussions in their families. Its main aims are to objectively describe the working context of victimized employees; characterize situations of moral harassment e relate them to the suffering at work; and check the repercussion of such form of violence in the harassee's family. Work Psychodynamics and General Systems Theory are the main epistemological basis underlying this study. The methodology applied is qualitative. Six victimized employees attended at CEST -Worker's Health Specialized Center which is part of Recife City Hall, located in Pemambuco, Brazil. A semi-directive or semi-structured interview was used to collect data. The method is that of the Contents Analysis under the perspective of Minayo. The answers obtained were categorized according to themes aligned with the objectives proposed having the Thematic Analysis as a basis. The results obtained indicate that the work organization encourages moral harassment practices which bring suffering to the victimized employee. They also indicate that the signification of work, considering its subjectivity and ideology, suffers a negative alteration due to the violence inflicted as well as causes dissatisfaction and decrease of motivation at work. The evidence of moral harassment found in the interviews denote negative consequences to the employee's health and their families. Either because the harassee finds no support among bis or her peers or because he or she reproduces, in bis family, the violence suffered. Although it extrapolates the objectives proposed, it is made evident, in this study, the impact of moral harassment to professional performance. Data collected also reveal that the organizations themselves are also victims of the violence practiced inside their premises. Informants speech indicate that moral harassment hinders socio-professional relationships, increases absenteeism and dismissals, decreases productivity as well as causes economic and financial damages once some companies have been penalized by law. Lastly, this study intends to contribute to the implement of further research which indicate preventive and corrective strategies to situations of moral harassment at the workplace and study more profoundly the repercussion of work organization to the worker's family dynamics.
Este estudo visa compreender o sofrimento do trabalhador, vítima de assédio moral, seu contexto de trabalho e as repercussões em sua família. Especificamente, tem por objetivo descrever o contexto de trabalho dos trabalhadores vitimados; caracterizar as situações de assédio moral e relacioná-Ias com o sofrimento no trabalho; e verificar as repercussões desta forma de violência na família dos assediados. A Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e a Teoria Geral de Sistemas são as principais bases epistemológicas que subsidiam este estudo. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa de natureza qualitativa. Participaram 06 (seis) trabalhadores vitimados, atendidos no CEST -Centro Especializado em Saúde do 1 Trabalhador, órgão da Prefeitura da Cidade do Recife/PE. A técnica utilizada para a coleta dos dados foi a entrevista semi-diretiva ou semi-estruturada. O método foi a Análise de Conteúdo, na perspectiva de Minayo. As respostas obtidas foram categorizadas por temas alinhados aos objetivos propostos, baseando-se na Análise Temática. Os resultados obtidos apontam que a organização do trabalho contribui sobremaneira para as práticas e as reproduções das situações de assédio moral, provocando vivências de sofrimento no trabalhador vitimado. Indicam que o significado do trabalho, considerando sua subjetividade e sua ideologia, sofre alterações de caráter negativo em função da violência vivida, além de causar insatisfação e desmotivação no trabalho. Os sinais de assédio moral, evidenciados nas entrevistas, denotam repercussões negativas na saúde do trabalhador e na família; seja porque o trabalhador vitimado não encontra suporte entre seus entes significativos; seja porque ele reproduz, em sua família, a violência sofrida. É ainda evidenciado, neste estudo, embora extrapolando os objetivos propostos, impactos no desempenho profissional. Os dados obtidos ainda revelam que as organizações não saem ilesas desta forma de violência praticada em sua ambiência. As falas dos participantes indicam que o fenômeno do assédio moral inviabiliza as relações socioprofissionais, aumentam os indicadores de absenteísmo e rotatividade, diminuem a produtividade, além de gerar danos econômicos e financeiros, haja vista que algumas empresas foram condenadas na Justiça do Trabalho. Este estudo pretende, por fim, contribuir para o incremento de novas pesquisas que apontem estratégias preventivas e corretivas para as situações de violência moral no trabalho e que aprofundem, principalmente, acerca das repercussões da organização do trabalho na dinâmica familiar do coletivo de seus trabalhadores.
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Caldas, Laura Cândida Pedrosa. "Assédio moral no trabalho, sofrimento e impactos na família: estudo com trabalhadores atendidos no CEST (Centro de Especializado em Saúde do Trabalhador), da Prefeitura do Recife/PE, 2007." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2017. http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/896.
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Sem resumo em inglês.
Este estudo visa compreender o sofrimento do trabalhador, vítima de assédio moral, seu contexto de trabalho e as repercussões em sua família. Especificamente, tem por objetivo descrever o contexto de trabalho dos trabalhadores vitimados; caracterizar as situações de assédio moral e relacioná-Ias com o sofrimento no trabalho; e verificar as repercussões desta forma de violência na família dos assediados. A Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e a Teoria Geral de Sistemas são as principais bases epistemológicas que subsidiam este estudo. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa de natureza qualitativa. Participaram 06 (seis) trabalhadores vitimados, atendidos no CEST -Centro Especializado em Saúde do 1 Trabalhador, órgão da Prefeitura da Cidade do Recife/PE. A técnica utilizada para a coleta dos dados foi a entrevista semi-diretiva ou semi-estruturada. O método foi a Análise de Conteúdo, na perspectiva de Minayo. As respostas obtidas foram categorizadas por temas alinhados aos objetivos propostos, baseando-se na Análise Temática. Os resultados obtidos apontam que a organização do trabalho contribui sobremaneira para as práticas e as reproduções das situações de assédio moral, provocando vivências de sofrimento no trabalhador vitimado. Indicam que o significado do trabalho, considerando sua subjetividade e sua ideologia, sofre alterações de caráter negativo em função da violência vivida, além de causar insatisfação e desmotivação no trabalho. Os sinais de assédio moral, evidenciados nas entrevistas, denotam repercussões negativas na saúde do trabalhador e na família; seja porque o trabalhador vitimado não encontra suporte entre seus entes significativos; seja porque ele reproduz, em sua família, a violência sofrida. É ainda evidenciado, neste estudo, embora extrapolando os objetivos propostos, impactos no desempenho profissional. Os dados obtidos ainda revelam que as organizações não saem ilesas desta forma de violência praticada em sua ambiência. As falas dos participantes indicam que o fenômeno do assédio moral inviabiliza as relações socioprofissionais, aumentam os indicadores de absenteísmo e rotatividade, diminuem a produtividade, além de gerar danos econômicos e financeiros, haja vista que algumas empresas foram condenadas na Justiça do Trabalho. Este estudo pretende, por fim, contribuir para o incremento de novas pesquisas que apontem estratégias preventivas e corretivas para as situações de violência moral no trabalho e que aprofundem, principalmente, acerca das repercussões da organização do trabalho na dinâmica familiar do coletivo de seus trabalhadores.
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Coleman, Stephen 1968. "The ethical implications of human ectogenesis." Monash University, School of Philosophy, Linguistics and Bioethics, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8904.
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Olivier, Stephen Chris. "Ethical issues in human movement research." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015402.
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In acknowledging past abuses of humans in research contexts, and recognising the potential for malpractices in Human Movement Studies (HMS), this study evaluated the extent to which ethical issues are addressed in the discipline. The primary method consisted of the standard techniques of philosophic analysis, with empirical data complementing the conclusions. In general, the study contends that insufficient attention is paid to ethical issues in HMS research. In response to a set of specifically constructed, ethically problematic research proposals, only 1.8% of comments from senior researchers advocated rejection of the proposals on ethical grounds. Also, a journal search indicated that consideration of ethical issues in published research may largely be absent. Questionnaire responses revealed that South African HMS departments may be deficient in terms of accountability towards ethical guidelines. Whilst noting the existence of utilitarian ethics in HMS research, it is advocated that deontologic principles should take precedence. Further, only a sound educative effort will produce improvements. In conclusion, this study advocates a deontology-based approach to research ethics. This is consistent with the contention that the use of humans in research is a privilege, and that the rights of participants ought to outweigh the desire of researchers to conduct research.
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Okolie, Patricia. "Suicide : a philosophical and ethical perspective." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52469.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Suicide is a truly philosophical problem. Judging whether life is or not worth living amounts to answering the fundamental question of philosophy. In Africa, suicide is not uncommon as evidenced by the Botswana experience. Suicide acts are the forefront of the daily existence even today. Suicide is felt in different areas of Botswana and while the study draws heavily on Africa especially Botswana, reference is also made to countries outside Africa. Hence, suicide in this thesis is not addressed in a restrictive manner. But its manifestation in essence is assessed in a general mode. This implies that the escalation of suicide is viewed from the sociological, psychological and philosophical implications. Although it is not easy to accept and live with suicide, people are beginning to accommodate it as an inevitable concept. However, the family and friends of a person who has committed suicide still feels ashamed, humiliated and sometimes guilty. The aim of this assignment is to analyse and evaluate the moral argument for and against suicide and to focus on the moral implications of committing suicide. While agreeing that individuals' autonomy are personal, the writer tries to suggest a way out of this self-destruction (suicide) which is just a means to an end and not an end in itself. The writer in the concluding chapter tries to explore the pros and cons of suicide, and comes up with the conclusion that the right to live should be given attention than the right to die, at least to preserve its generations which all creatures strive for. Areas of focus: • The concept of Suicide • The nature and incidence of Suicide. • Arguments in favour of Suicide • Arguments against Suicide • The Suicide I Euthanasia Debate
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Selfmoord is 'n ware filosofiese probleem. Om te oordeel of 'n lewe die moeite werd is om gelewe te word, vereis 'n antwoord op 'n fundamentele vraag van filosofie. In Afrika is selfmoord nie ongewoon nie, soos gesien in die geval van Botswana. Selfmoord kom baie algemeen daar voor. Selfmoord word aangetref in verskeie areas in Botswana, en, alhoewel die studie fokus op Afrika - en spesifiek Botswana, word daar ook verwys na lande buite Afrika. Maar die manifestasie daarvan word in essensie en in die algemeen aangespreek. Dit beteken dat die toename in selfmoord in terme van die verskynsel se sosiologiese, sielkundige en filosofiese implikasies aangespreek word. Alhoewel dit nie maklik is on selfmoord te aanvaar en mee saam te leef nie, begin mense dit aanvaar as 'n onvermydelike verskynsel. Maar die familie van 'n persoon wat selfmoord gepleeg het voel steeds skaam, verneder en soms skuldig. Die doel van hierdie werkstuk is om die argumente vir en teen selfmoord te analiseer, te evalueer, en om te fokus op die morele implikasies van selfmoord. Alhoewel die outeur saamstem dat individue outonoom is, word sterk teen die morele aanvaarbaarheid van selfmoord geargumenteer. In die gevolgtrekking ondersoek die outeur die voordele en nadele van selfmoord en eindig met die bevinding dat die reg tot lewe meer aandag behoort te kry as die sg. reg om te sterf. Areas waarop gefokus word: • Die konsep "selfmoord" as sodanig • Die aard van selfmoord en (hoe algemeen dit voorkom.) • Argumente ten gunste van selfmoord • Argumente teen selfmoord • Die selfmoord -genadedood debat
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Scott, Rebekah Anne. "On complex terms : James among the ethical critics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609038.
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Jarkman, Björn Gunilla. "Refugee Children and Families : Psychological Health, Brief Family Intervention and Ethical Aspects." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-97333.
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Background: There are more than 45 million refugees and displaced people in the world. Children constitute almost half of the refugee population. It is an enormous challenge and a complex situation for refugee children and families escaping from their home country, to a new system of society to which they have to adapt and where they have to recapture a sense of coherence. This thesis focuses on the psychological health of younger refugee children before and after an intervention with family therapy sessions. The experiences and perceptions of refugee families who fled to Sweden as a result of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1992 to 1995 and who have permanent residence permits were explored. The ethical aspects of treatment of traumatized refugee children and families were also analysed. Aims: To investigate parent-child agreement on the psychological symptoms of the refugee children; to explore refugee children’s well-being before and after three sessions of family therapy; to explore, in more detail, the complexity of various family members’ experiences and perceptions of their life before the war, during the war and their escape, and in their new life in Sweden; and also to highlight ethical issues and conduct ethical analyses using basic ethical principles that take into account the varying perspectives of the actors involved with regard to the psychological treatment of refugee children and families. Methods: Data was collected using parental interviews and psychological assessments of children aged five to twelve years. In the first study, 13 children were assessed using the Erica Method and compared with a Swedish reference group consisting of 80 children. In the second study, the Erica Method assessments from before and after an intervention with brief family therapy were compared for ten out of those 13 children, complemented by parental interviews. Family therapy sessions were videotaped, and in the third study, the verbatim transcripts of nine family therapy sessions were analysed using a qualitative method with directed content analysis. Finally, the basic ethical principles in two case studies of teenage refugee children concerning psychological treatment were analysed taking into account the varying perspectives of the actors involved in the treatment. Results: Parents’ assessments of their children’s psychological health according to a symptom and behaviour interview did not correlate with the findings of the psychological assessments of children using the Erica Method. The majority of the parents were unaware of their children’s psychological problems, as identified in the psychological assessments. There was a higher rate of not-normal sandboxes (Erica Method) in this group of refugee children, compared to the Swedish reference group. A statistically significant number of cases had improved after a brief family therapy intervention when evaluated with Erica Method. Three main categories emerged from the analysis of the family therapy sessions: “Everyday life at home”, “Influence of war on everyday life”, and “The new life”. The three main categories were comprised of a total of ten subcategories: the family, work and school/preschool, the war, the escape, reflections, employment, health, relatives and friends, a limited future, and transition to the new life. A structured ethical analysis concerning the principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice is feasible and valuable when dealing with refugee children and families in clinical practice as well as in research. Conclusion: The findings from these studies show the importance of highlighting individual perspectives from the point of view of children, parents, and siblings in order to better understand the complexity of family systems. Family interventions could be beneficial for refugee children and families, even if the children do not present with overt psychological problems. Salutogenic perspectives facilitate the provision of support to refugee families. Such support helps refugee families to adapt to a new system of society and recapture a sense of coherence. In research as well as in treatment sessions, basic ethical principles, from the point of view of all actors involved, is recommended to be taken into consideration.
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Van, Schalkwyk Tanya Leonie. "The ethical conduct of new entry level emerging contractors." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4932.
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Ethics is not a new or modern discipline. It was developed thousands of years ago and still remains relevant today. Ethics is applied in all spheres of modern life from philosophy to business and religious environments and even around dinner table conversations. It is applicable to all areas of life. This research is aimed at investigating whether ethical conduct among new entry level emerging contractors can contribute to and ensure their sustainable competitiveness within the South African construction industry. This research is also aimed at determining whether education and knowledge of entrepreneurship, business, project and construction management and building contracts can contribute to new entry level emerging contractors’ ethical conduct and sustainable competitiveness. The literature reviewed and results of quantitative and qualitative research amongst professional consultants in South Africa formed the basis of the study. Ethics is a sensitive topic within the industry and therefor it is difficult to gather data directly from contractors, as they are reluctant to participate in fear of revealing their identities and having it negatively influencing their personal and business credentials. Therefor unbiased respondents who were not directly linked to emerging contractors and who were unafraid to give objective opinions were questioned. These unbiased respondents included consultants within the industry. The study revealed that ethics is an important factor in any business environment and that the correct application thereof can partially contribute to the sustainable competitiveness of new entry level emerging contractors and this in turn can promote the long term survival of a business. Furthermore, knowledge of good management practices and building contracts can contribute to a successfully run business. However, the average new entry level emerging contractor has insufficient experience and knowledge of the management of construction projects, as well as building contracts.
Books on the topic "Families – Moral and ethical aspects"
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Cahill, Lisa Sowle. Families, Christian ethics, and the common good. Toronto: Regis College, 1999.
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Mostert, Mary. Coming home: Families can stop the unraveling of America. Carson City, NV: Gold Leaf Press, 1996.
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Saraydarian, Torkom. Sex, family, and the woman in society. [Sedona, Ariz: Aquarian Educational Group], 1987.
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Radey, Charles. Choosing wisely: How patients and their families can make the right decisions about life and death. New York: Image Books, 1992.
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Die Familie als gesellschaftliches Leitbild: Ein Beitrag zur Familienethik aus theologisch-ethischer Sicht. Würzburg: Echter, 2006.
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van den Akker, Olga B. A. "Ethical, Moral and Human Rights Considerations in Surrogate Motherhood." In Surrogate Motherhood Families, 231–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60453-4_9.
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Giosan, Cezar. "Moral and Ethical Aspects in CET." In SpringerBriefs in Psychology, 31–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38874-4_6.
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Kasher, Asa. "At the Edge of Viability: Philosophical, Moral and Ethical Aspects and Proposals." In The Embryo: Scientific Discovery and Medical Ethics, 371–400. Basel: KARGER, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000082237.
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Huppenbauer, Markus, and Carmen Tanner. "Ethical Leadership – How to Integrate Empirical and Ethical Aspects for Promoting Moral Decision Making in Business Practice." In Empirically Informed Ethics: Morality between Facts and Norms, 239–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01369-5_14.
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Frize, Monique, and Irena Zamboni. "Ethical Decision-Making in Biomedical Engineering Research." In Encyclopedia of Healthcare Information Systems, 534–40. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-889-5.ch068.
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To be ethical and professional are terms that are synonymous with being an engineer. The work of engineers frequently affects public safety and health, and can influence business, and even politics. Professional Engineering Associations provide ethical guidelines so that engineers will know how to avoid misconduct, negligence, incompetence, and corruption, which could lead to formal complaints and discipline. Knowledge about ethical decision-making guides engineers facing complex and difficult moral dilemmas (Andrews, 2005, pp. 46). Biomedical engineers doing research and development will undoubtedly be involved in projects that impact humans and/or animals, and thus must be informed on all aspects of ethics that guide such research. They should be particularly aware of the specific guidelines of the institution where the work is to be carried-out and be familiar with the application process to obtain a certificate, allowing the research to proceed. There is clearly a need to guide biomedical engineering students and practitioners in performing a balanced analysis of difficult questions and issues, while respecting societal values that may differ greatly from their own (Frize, 1996; Frize, 2005; Saha & Saha, 1997; Wueste, 1997). There exists a number of articles discussing biomedical engineering and ethics specifically aimed at clinical engineers (Goodman, 1989; Saha & Saha, 1986). These are helpful readings for anyone involved in biomedical research or clinical engineering.
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Weiss, Martin G. "Ethical Aspects of DNA Testing for Family Reunification." In Suspect Families, 79–92. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315611426-5.
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"Human Rights: Moral Ethical Social Medical and Legal Aspects." In Multidimensional Curriculum Enhancing Future Thinking Literacy, 198–219. Brill | Sense, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004375208_012.
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Prince-Paul, Maryjo, and Barbara J. Daly. "Ethical considerations in palliative care." In Oxford Textbook of Palliative Nursing, 987–1000. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199332342.003.0065.
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This chapter addresses what Bishop and Scudder refer to as the “primary sense of nursing practice,” the moral sense. The objective is to prepare the nurse for identifying, addressing, and resolving the complex questions that arise in caring for individuals and families facing life-limiting illnesses. A brief review of the major theories that are the basis for the commonly accepted principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice is included. Following this review, specific issues that the palliative care nurse is likely to face are explored, with particular attention to analysis of the problems.
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Keane, Webb. "Awareness and Change." In Ethical Life. Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691167732.003.0006.
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This chapter discusses the idea of ethical history, looking at situations in which hitherto taken-for-granted aspects of everyday life came to be the focus of attention, such as feminist consciousness-raising in the 1960s and 1970s. Indeed, the American feminist movement is the invention and promulgation of the technique of consciousness-raising. Consciousness-raising is interesting for several reasons: it took very seriously the effects of problematizing the habits of everyday life, it succeeded in changing the descriptions and evaluations of actions and persons that were available for many Americans, and it ultimately foundered, in part, on an unresolved tension between subjective experience and objective social analysis. The chapter then argues that processes like this play an important role in the historical transformations of ethical and moral worlds.
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Smith, Craig Bruce. "Maintaining Moral Superiority." In American Honor, 98–126. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469638836.003.0005.
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This section analyzes the early years of the Revolution, including the ethics of the war and Americans’ attention to maintaining moral superiority. It shows that the patriots wanted to win, but win well. They wanted the new country to succeed, but not at the cost of honor or virtue. Thus, this chapter shows attempts to discourage the old European notions of honor that still existed in favor of the democratized version. It shows how ethical ideals played a role in all aspects of military establishment from battlefield tactics, to the treatment of prisoners, to the recruitment of soldiers. It also presents an expansion of honor and a broadening of ethics as part of a wider social revolution that included those of different genders, races, and classes as equal participants and claimants to honor. It looks at martial and civil policies that enforced conduct and recognized women’s and African Americans’ contributions. All people could claim their share of honor and virtue through proper conduct, duty to the nation, and, above all, ethical behavior.
Conference papers on the topic "Families – Moral and ethical aspects"
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Alexandrache, Carmen. "ETHICAL AND MORAL ASPECTS OF THE COMMUNIST EDUCATION AND THEIR REFLECTION IN THE HISTORY ROMANIAN." In 11th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2019.2594.
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Makalyutin, Vladsilav. "PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MEDIA PROCEDURE IN MODERN RUSSIA." In Current problems of jurisprudence. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02032-6/142-152.
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The article is devoted to the study of problematic aspects of the implementation of the mediation procedure in Russia. The author noted that mediation on the path of its development in the country encountered a number of obstacles of a moral, ethical, psychological, economic and legislative nature, the solution and settlement of which requires certain efforts both from the side of society and public organizations, and from the state. Using the method of analytical review of theoretical and practical developments of domestic researchers and legislative documents, the article identifies the following problems of mediation: low legal culture of the population; lack of confidence in this service; lack of awareness of society as a whole, and of citizens in particular, about mediation, its advantages as an alternative to the trial method; the position of the parties that do not want to compromise; the difficulty of choosing a mediator - as a highly professional person; mainly the social foundations for the development of mediation and insufficient state support. These problems are interrelated, therefore, their solution requires an integrated approach.