Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Famille – Anthropologie – Burkina Faso'
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Rouamba, George. "« Yaab-rãmba » : une anthropologie du care des personnes vieillissantes à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0397/document.
Full textThe political, family, religious, economic and spatial lead to break with evidence maintained on African societies like those in care for the elderly in the name of social respect of ages. This work deconstructs social representations of old age by showing both on the on hand, that the categories of old age are the product of public policies and on the other the old ages are heterogeneous, dynamic and contextual. From a broader the case studies, this thesis explores the experiences from old forms of care for elderly in the capital, Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). An ethnography within families, in a special care unit in a university hospital and a reception center for women accused of witchcraft allows to decrypt the complex relationships of care between the micro and macro social level. This thesis is a contribution to the anthropology of care in old age
Baux, Stéphanie. "Les familles lobi et l'École : entre rejets mutuels et lentes acceptations : socio-anthropologie du système scolaire et des pratiques familiales de scolarisation au Burkina Faso." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0079.
Full textMy doctoral thesis relates the evolution of the relation to school of the Lobi families in Burkina Faso. The Lobi have put up a fierce resistance to the colonial order and, in consequence, one of its symbols, school education. The areas where the Lobi are living in are still today under-provided with schooling. My work shows that the populations' reactions of rejection or acceptance to school are linked to the politics of education that have been implemented as well as the running of the system. Those elements will have a harmful repercussion for long on the school image and the schooling customs. The analysis of family schooling practices inventory precisely the different factors which promote or brake thf children schooling. The historical approach demonstrate that the argument of cultural determinisr ascribed to the fringe societies is hiding the fundamental question about the balance of power betwee political forces, and the importance of social conditions
Bamony, Pierre. "Structure apparente, structure invisible : l'ambivalence des pouvoirs chez les Lyéla du Burkina Faso." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CLF20011.
Full textVinel, Virginie. "La famille au féminin : société patrilinéaire et vie sociale féminine chez des Sikoomse (Moose, Burkina-Faso)." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHESA008.
Full textAt the meeting point of the anthropology of kinship and the sociology of the family, the research deals with the family relationships of moose (or mossi) women as social partners. The first part expounds the social environment of the sikoomse neighbourhood, in the south-west of the moose country in burkina- faso. The amount of kinship relationships is updated and explained by local endogamy and preferential exchanges between some lineages. These points infer short distances between married women and their families. The high level of migration generates a population deficit which increases the female workload. In the second part, the daily relationships among women are analysed through their activities. Women are divided into three age groups, young girls, mothers and elderly women, thus creating a real female melting pot in which the youngest are taught about techniques but also about their matrimonial destiny. The relationships between the women of the compound stretch as far as the whole neighbourhood. For example, co-wives are not only the spouses of one man, but also of classificatory brothers. They help one another for the communal tasks but otherwise keep their distance since each spouse and her children make up an independant unit. The last part describes economic, affective and matrimonial exchanges between women and their male relatives - brothers, uncles, brothers-in-law. The parts played by women in rituals, some of which are specific to the sikoomse (initiation, funerals), have also been highlighted. The function of + circulating ; foods, informations, young brides seems to be female hallmark in this patrilineal society
Ouoba, Valentin. "Le code burkinabè des personnes et de la famille : une promotion des droits de la femme." Perpignan, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PERP0335.
Full textCuomo, Anna. "La fabrique d'un rap africain : création, engagement et cosmopolitisme à Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH103.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the world of rap in Ouagadougou, capital of Burkina Faso. It examines the conditions of access to recognition for Burkinabe rappers engaged in a professional career, both locally and internationally. Drawing on two years of multi-sited ethnography centred on the practices and “ways of doing”, promoting, performing, and disseminating rap, I show how these artists choose to “manufacture” an authentic and exportable African rap from a consciousness permanently connected to a global world, both lived and/or imagined. Living in a country where the music industry is underdeveloped, Burkinabe rappers have recourse to various sources of funding (Ministry of Culture, European Institutions, NGOs, local private support) that condition the creative processes. Authenticity is a relational notion, shaped by power relations: on the one hand, rappers become recognized locally for their ability to appropriate a globalized modernity, and on the other, they gain international recognition through their propensity to embody the “Burkinabe nation”, understood as an imagined community. This thesis ultimately develops a reflection on the category of “engaged artist”; I analyse the processes of political subjectivation among Burkinabe rappers, often considered to be spokespersons for the “conscious” and rebellious youth of the continent. They inscribe their endeavour within a moral space built by the Burkinabe postcolonial state, seeking visibility abroad in order to exist individually in the world, while gaining the status of representatives of a nation
Yaogo, Maurice. "Pratiques de soins et faits de développement : le cas des itinéraires thérapeutiques dans la région de Bagré (Burkina Faso)." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0131.
Full textPecquet, Luc. "Le banco de l'autre : bâtir les murs d'un ensemble d'habitations en pays lyela (Burkina Faso)." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010555.
Full textOuattara, Fatoumata. "Savoir-vivre et honte chez les Senufo Nanerge (Burkina Faso)." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHESA011.
Full textGobatto, Isabelle. "Anthropologie de la profession médicale dans un pays en développement : le cas du Burkina Faso." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H021.
Full textThe present research analyses the social organization of the medical profession in the case of a developing country. By adopting an anthropological guideline, thus underlining the importance of social relationship enhanced by this profession, we may analyse a specific configuration of the principles of legitimation as well as social recognition in the context of a developing country. In this country, doctors suffer from the fact that patients denie them a supreme authority in treating diseases, they face financial restrictions and limited technical support, which prevent them from giving an image of their competences likely to dominate those of competing actors interfering in health care. Yet, what influences most the organization of the profession is the comptetitionnal relationship between doctors and nurses which deprives the former from the professional influence and the social status enjoyed by their peers in industrialised countries. This element is essential in influencing doctors daily practice as they assert a certain image of their competence in their relationship with patients. Medical practices derive from this social relational system in which whomever best treats symptoms - without systematically curing the disease - is hailed as the most competent. In this respect, to get their share of power and legitimacy, doctors must be competitive in making symptoms disappear
Hejoaka, Fabienne. "L' enfant gardien du secret : vivre et grandir avec le sida et ses traitements à Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0555.
Full textThis PhD thesis provides an anthropological analysis of children's lived experience of AIDS in the historical context of Burkina Faso's national access to antiretroviral treatments in the years 2000. It is underpinned at the crossroads of political anthropology of health and anthropology of childhood, taking children as social actors whose perspectives should be taken into account. Based on a twenty-month ethnographic investigation carried out in Bobo-Dioulasso among forty-four children, their parents and caregivers, it makes an original contribution to the epistemological and methods of ethnographic investigation with children. The socio-anthropological analysis of illness and treatment experience is organized around three main themes. The first theme discusses the way in which children have been taken into account in international policies for fighting AIDS. Retracing the social and historical process by which the category of "orphans and vulnerable children" has emerged and has been institutionalized at the end of the 1990s, the analysis describes the "political treatment at the margin", which children have been the object in the responses to the epidemic. The second theme addresses HIV disclosure to children in an institutional context of "double standard" and where procedures for disclosure to children are not standardized. From ethnography of what is unspoken and what is spoken to children about the illness the analysis highlights the violence of the conditions in which they discover their illness or are brought to suspect they live with HIV. Belonging to an "AIDS generation" for which the illness carries various meanings from biological, social and moral perspectives, children keep the secret in order to avoid being stigmatized. Moreover, whereas adults are reluctant to inform children - thinking they will disclose their own or their parents' HIV status -, children proved to be the trustworthy guardians of the secret. Finally, the third theme addresses the children's lived experience of the illness, which is shaped by the uncertainty associated with death, to treatment adherence or elsewhere, to the secrecy surrounding the illness. In watermark of the children's lived experience of the disease emerges the proactive role they play in the everyday 'care work' involved in managing the disease and its treatment. Children contribute by reminding parents about treatments' schedules, they take their medications in an autonomous way, and especially they keep the secret and actively engage in hiding the disease to third parties. Indeed, whereas secrecy is hardly perceived to be in children's reality, children show themselves as guardians of the secret about their disease and that of their parents
Saint-Lary-Maïga, Maud. "Les chefs peuls du Yatenga à l'épreuve du changement (Burkina Faso)." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0176.
Full textIn the Yatenga kingdom, Fulbe people established as of the XVIIIth century, and submitted to the moose authorities. The colonial period brought them an important chage because five groupes became "canton" and their chiefs were allotted a power they could never have hoped. This thesis aims to understand first the place of fulbe chiefdoms in the sight of their history and transformations, but also how today they deal with the management of goods and services considered as collective. We can see through the comparison of two chiefdoms that chiefs know how to achieve their projects. They have adopted the same strategy : they rely on the past to legitimate their position in the society. However, their approach is different : one relies on Islam, the other one on development projects
Danhoundo, Georges. "Les orphelins et leur famille en Afrique : une réflexion sur les logiques d'acteurs autour du soutien aux enfants orphelins chez les Mossi à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30857/30857.pdf.
Full textBased on the filiation rules within the Mossi, a few works have highlighted that the concept of being orphan does not exist in that society. Those works support that the oldest child or brothers of the biological father do care for the orphans after the father’s death. That idea is ingrained in the belief that the Mossi represent a collective group where individual’s wills are dissolved within the extended family expectations. In our perspective, that reference to the Mossi as a collective group seems to be simplistic. Based on direct observation and 20 interviews laid nearby households, this research aims at understanding the logics of actors about the family care to the orphans.Contrary to the biases, this research concludes that: 1) The father’s death reveals prior conflicts between the deceased and his brother, and proves to lead to conflicts that opposes the widow and her family to the family of the spouse. Those conflicts laid on the access to the heritages. Indeed, according to the lineage logic, the women appears as foreigner in their husband family. They are not allowed to inherit from their spouse, contrary to the civil law of Burkina Faso. These conflicts make detrimental the father’s family support to orphans. As a consequence, we noted that a few orphans have been transferred to their mother’s family or to non-related family on purpose of education; 2) Most of the children who have lost their mother are maintained in their father’s household. We noted that men have a sort of ego that leads them to think of orphan fosterage as a social irresponsibility. We may highlight that the step-mothers play an important role at supporting the orphans. In doing so, according to men, they appear as an illustration of the importance of the polygamy; 3) The strategy of transferring the children in order to assure their education is not always rewarded. It happens that the receiving household ask some compensations from the fostered children such as domestic chores. What is notable is that, generally, those children arrange so that their works may not restrain their education; 4) The filiation relationship does not lead to social recognition of alliance. This research brings up the necessity to enlarge the concept of the extended family in the case of orphan’s fosterage in the Mossi’s society, that is, the necessity of better defining the fact of belonging to extended family. Beyond the filiation rules, the modes of the orphan fosterage and the social and economic context do play an important role.
Calderoli, Lidia. ""Déposer la masse" pour demander la paix : représentations et pratiques de la forge chez les forgerons moose de Wubr-tẽnga (Burkina Faso)." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0016.
Full textNacièle, Somé Valère. "Anthropologie économique des Dagara du Ghana et du Burkina Faso : lignages, terres et production." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081149.
Full textThe dagara society, as far as its social and economic patterms are concerned, is a linear and segmental society among many others in africa. Its specificity is to have in its different ethnic subgroups the whole lot of lineage patterns : patrilinear lineage, double lineage from one line (bifiliation emphasizing the patrilinear or the matrilinear side). In the following study, we have put an emphasis on the perspectives peculiar to economic anthropology. We endeavour more in stuying : - the relations that the production agents set up not only between themselves but also between ant the nature, the production conditions. In short, we mean to study what, according to marx, consists precisely in the society from economic structure vewpoint. The perspectives, characteristic of the cultural and religious anthropology, have not been neglected for all that. Our purpose is to study the social and economic organisation of the dagara, from its present reality to speculatively infer its previous working order, that is, its situation before colonization. The present changes in the dagara society, despite the interest they show, have not been systematicaly analysed as part of the present study. To understand the economic law of the dagara society, we explained our processes in three main parts, besides the annexes which are compiled in a separate volume (cf. Volume iii). The first part deals with the people, their land and history. It forms the subject of volume i. The second part (volume ii. Book i) deals with dagara as "people of the lineage". The third part (volume ii. Book ii) is dedicated to the dagara as "people of the land". Finally, the conclusion endeavours in studying the linking of the lineage production method with the capitalistic production one and looks into the future of the african rural communities
Dafinger, Andreas. "Anthropologie des Raumes : Untersuchungen zur Beziehung räumlicher und sozialer Ordnung im Süden Burkina Fasos /." Köln : Rüdiger Köppe, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39910230v.
Full textTiendrebeogo, Wenceslas Michel. "Le développement de l'Église-Famille de Dieu au Burkina Faso : le cas de l'archidiocèse de Ouagadougou." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25815/25815.pdf.
Full textThe key concept of Church as the Family of God conveying current African theology is the continuation of the idea of the Church developed by Africans for African Churches as a result of the second Vatican Council. It may be understood and situated within the context of inculturated evangelization in Africa. This dissertation shows how the concept came into being in the Church of Burkina, established by the Missionaries of Africa who wanted to found ecclesiastical, supportive, fraternal, adult and responsible communities capable of taking the practical details of their development into their own hands. By going over the development of Burkina’s Church as the Family of God from its origin, the author highlights its “instituting actions”. In the light of the conciliar document Ad Gentes, he raises theological questions concerning the development of the Church as the Family of God using the specific case of the archdiocese of Ouagadougou between 1977 and 2002.
DE, LORENZI GILLES. "Eau et sante en milieu rural africain : methodes de desinfection a l'echelle de la famille au burkina faso." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M307.
Full textSalifou, Bertrand Weiss Pierre. "Les chefs traditionnels et leur participation au pouvoir politique en Afrique les cas du Burkina Faso et du Niger /." Reims : [s.n.], 2006. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000355.pdf.
Full textCros, Michèle. "Anthropologie du sang chez les Lobi (Burkina Faso - Côte d'Ivoire) : mise en scène d'un tabou." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H113.
Full textThe anthropology of blood in Lobi land is dealt with through the description and analysis ou the outline of the roles which this corporeal substance is supposed to play. All beliefs and practices related to different types of blood are analysed. One must understand why and how blood constitutes a strong symbolic vector with a powerful ideological efficaciousness. A staging of the blood-taboo takes place, which spreads out in four directions: 1) blood, body and physiology, 2) blood, woman and procreation, 3) blood, individual and disease, 4) blood, man and power. The notion of bitterness overdetermines the messages conveyed by blood or rather bloods, insofar as each of them occupies a specific place in relation to the status of blood in general. For example, males appropriate and transform the harmful bitter which menstruated women are naturally endowed with, and sometimes men because of bloodshed in war and hunting, into a beneficial bitter akin to the sacred thanks to the cultural bloodshedding of sacrificial blood. It is up to the exhibited blood to bear witness to sexual difference, even to justify the social inequality between those who involuntarily shed it on the earth, and those who undergo its periodical flow. Finally, the origin of its status is found again and accounted for. The present evolution of the latter is underlined at a time when most blood-avengenrs have disappeared. In conclusion prolegomenae to a further anthropology of blood are proposed
Monné, Raymond. "Contribution à l'étude juridique du droit à la santé en Afrique : réflexion à partir de l'exemple du Burkina Faso : éléments pour une anthropologie juridique de la santé." Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR1D037.
Full textThe right to health is included in the economic, social and cultural rights guaranteed by the african charter of human and peoples rights and by the constitutions of african countries, themselves. For most african peoples, however, protection from illness and desease belongs to the realm of ancestors, soothsayers, religious leaders - in the widest sense - and ultimately to god. In keeping with african magico-religious beliefs, good health is a gift from god and must be deserved or earned. This means that for the majority of afican countries, where poverty and misery are widespread, improving the level of health is not perceived as a priority, although the theme of health is constantly alluded toin conventional greeting formulas. In the last thrity years, african political practices have resulted in the cotinent being labelled as a "human rights hell", an image which no doult can be challenged but which also contains a certain amount of truth. In these conditions, what can the concept of the right to health mean in africa ? what contribution can be made by the law and by the legal systems - mechanisms of social regulation which produce norms and institutions - to the full enjoyment of this fundamental human right ? these are the principal questions covered in this study whose approach is interdisciplinary. The ideas put forth here have been inspired mainly by the case of burkina faso
Bila, Missida Blandine. "Genre et médicament : analyse anthropologique dans le contexte du sida au Burkina Faso." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32077/document.
Full textThis PhD dissertation aims at considering gender aspects in Burkina Faso that shape men’s and women’s relationships with medicines, understood as pharmaceuticals, including objects which are socially considered so. The study is based on an ethnography of practices and uses of medicines in Ouagadougou, following three directions. The analysis of differences between men and women in access to pharmaceutical –biomedical and alternative- treatments is first presented for malaria, a common disease, endemic in West Africa. From the content of home pharmacies, the relationships between representations of treatments and perceptions of malaria, the story of therapeutic choice between selfmedication and care–seeking, and the origin of pharmaceuticals, are described. This part shows how gender condition may influence the relationship between persons and medicines. Then, the analysis of sociocultural determinants of access to antiretrovirals for men and women starts with the observation of an important presence and participation of women on HIV/AIDS care sites, where men are usually a minority. Differences observed in practices are precisely documented and explained by representations, norms and values related to gender, inspired by moose culture.At last, a gendered analysis of the utilisation of sexual enhancers allows to consider a field — sexual relationships— where male domination is particularly present. The study shows issues for persons about positioning in relationships with tehir partner or significant others, the use of gender attributes by salesmen, and the evolution of the definitions of masculinity and femininity, in a more and more global world.These analyzes of relationships between individuals and medicines are based on systematic data collection : an inventory of medicines identified in Ouagadougou for malaria treatment and for sexuality enhancement, repeated qualitative interviews, and observations held within an ethnographic approach. The analysis of gender differences in access to medicines and in uses of pharmaceutical permits to understand the ways gender determines health in a society influenced by moose culture, and the evolution of gender relationships at a more general level. This analysis deals with an important aspect of access to treatment in West Africa
Mégret, Quentin. "L'argent de l' or : Exploration anthropologique d’un « boom » aurifère dans la région Sud-Ouest du Burkina Faso." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20112.
Full textOver the last few years, Burkina Faso has witnessed a dramatic growth of mining activities. From the 90’s on, the state of Burkina Faso has initiated the liberalization of his mining sector. Henceforth, the state grants research permits and authorizations to private operators. Many international mining companies explore their concessions while - at the same time and sometimes the same place - thousands of West African gold seekers set up mining camps all over the country. The present doctoral thesis focusses on the southwest region of Burkina Faso, historically renowned for housing rich gold deposits. First, this study concentrates on the historical and cultural aspects of gold exploitation and trade. Then, it describes and analyzes the moral economy and way of life of the non-industrial gold miners. Finally, the investigations point out the interactions between the gold mining communities and a large range of exogenous actors: local inhabitants, local and central authorities, international and national mining companies. These relationships uncover the relative sociopolitical autonomy of the gold mining communities in relation to the “outside world”. These links extend from the local to the national and international spheres, demonstrating the complexity of understanding such a strategic field
Desclaux, Alice. "L'épidémie invisible : anthropologie d'un système médical à l'épreuve du sida chez l'enfant à Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32018.
Full textThough several million children have probably been infected by hiv in africa, their disease is not sufficiently known and less considered. The scope of this dissertation is to analyse the social treatment of aids in children in a southern country and the reasons for this silence. In the first section, we analyse the health "sub-system" devoted to children in bobo dioulasso as a symbolic and as a social system, through its participants, through the perceptions of disease especially diarrheas, malnutritions and aids and through different aspects of therapeutic relationships. In the second section, we study the emergence of aids, from perceptions to institutions, and we show how the social construction of aids, in the biomedical and the popular sectors, has eclipsed aids in children. In the third section, we study how hiv/aids is treated in the pediatric ward of a hospital, through its new practices, the local interpretation of international medical norms, the limits met by parents and health professionals, and the changes in professional roles. In a fourth section, we analyse the impact of aids on the biomedical system at three levels: the exclusion of hiv+children by services devoted to malnourished children , related to the social feature of the treatment of malnutrition; the absence of consideration for hiv transmission through breast-feeding, related to perceptions prevailing in the international medical culture; health seeking behaviors for children suspected to be infected by hiv depend more on social than on medical factors. Aids discloses the symbolic, practical, sociological logics of biomedical institutions, that do not always allow them to adapt to the epidemiological change. These logics related to north-south relationships contribute to "obliterate" the infection in children in southern countries, accentuating the gap between "northern aids" and "southern aids"
Coquet, Michèle. "Le soleil mangé : du langage des formes et des matières dans une société sans écriture, les Bwaba du Burkina Faso." Paris, EPHE, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EPHE0003.
Full textThe societies without writing appear as societies where proliferate signs, in a visual sense, printed, painted, carved, scarified, tattooed, woven. . . These designs are all meaningful and implicate, for their authors, a real reading: they constituted the organized elements of a graphic language. For the Bwaba, their interpretation is linked to a general thought about the object and his shapes and materials: every object, natural or manufactured, is described and conceived according to the process of the formation of the world ass it appears in the cosmogony. This process includes several stages, from the formless shapes to the coming out of shapes; the apparition of the human configuration would be the last stage. Three representations are studied: scarification’s, leaves masks, and a ritual object consisted of heterogeneous materials
Zerbo, Roger. "Dynamiques sociales des comportements de santé au Burkina Faso: approche anthropologique de la prise en charge de la tuberculose dans la région du plateau central." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209842.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Régis, Luc. "Communautés de peau : art corporel et scarification à l'ère de la globalisation." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0393.
Full textThe thesis draws on a wise corpus on body art, set of practices transforming the appearance of the body (paintings, scarification, piercing and tattooing). It is based on observation and knowledge of various forms of past and present body art, both in developped western societies and non-western, and on two years of fieldwork investigations in Burkina Faso on Bwaba facial scarification. The analysis compares the arguments of various body arts in the system of scarifications invented by Bwaba. The goal is to help build a general theory of body art. After an introductory chapter, body art is examined from both the theory of art and anthropology
Ouedraogo, Ramatou. "« L'avortement, ses pratiques et ses soins ». une anthropologie des jeunes au prisme des normes sociales et des politiques publiques de santé au Burkina Faso." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0036/document.
Full textInduced abortion without medical or legal request in countries where it is prohibitedsuch as Burkina Faso poses both a public health and social problems. It is this doubleproblematic that this thesis explored in order to understand the causes of the difficultiesfacing the country to fight against unsafe abortions, and the factors that increased thispractice among young people. Immersion in abortion universe (health facilities andlives of women and men who have experienced abortion) and interviews with variousactors, have shown that the way abortion is thought and treated in public space combineto create insurmountable obstacles to its constitution as a real public health problem andits efficient management. It is designed as a deviance and it is highly reprobated.Consecutive stigmata due to this deviance and its moral and symbolic issues mark theirseals to the process leading to social and political recognition of the problem. Therefore,abortion is partially on the public health policies agenda, and access to abortion servicesin health structures are accordingly influenced. The occurrence of abortion among youthrefers to practices among “young people” in a context marked by a mutation of the wayof accessing social adulthood status, as well as economic and statutory precariousness.This work shows that pregnancies that lead to abortions are the combination of aheteronomy and individuation impulses within young women in their resourcefulness tobecome adult and succeed socially and economically in the city of Ouagadougou. Thisresearch therefore contributes to studies in the fields of anthropology of the subject andthe anthropology of health
Wulfinghoff, Malte [Verfasser], and Josephus D. M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Platenkamp. "Tour du Faso : Sport und nationale Identität in der multiethnischen Gesellschaft Burkina Fasos / Malte Wulfinghoff ; Betreuer: Josephus D. M. Platenkamp." Münster : Readbox Unipress / Münster (Westf), 2019. http://d-nb.info/1177145499/34.
Full textKapgen, Diane. "Impacts of Agroecology-based Development Programs on Smallholder Farmers’ Livelihoods in Eastern Burkina Faso." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/283200.
Full textRésuméAujourd’hui, l’un des plus grands défis du monde est la situation précaire de dizaines de millions de petits agriculteurs. Fondée sur de nouveaux types de technologies traditionnelles et sur des ressources naturelles et sociales disponibles localement, l'agroécologie semble être une stratégie d’existence prometteuse, surtout pour les petits agriculteurs africains, dont beaucoup ne peuvent pas accéder à des techniques et à des intrants coûteux. Dans les environnements fragiles où des familles entières dépendent de l'agriculture à petite échelle, comme dans l'est du Burkina Faso, il est très important de comprendre si l'agroécologie peut réellement améliorer les moyens d’existence des ménages agricoles et dans quelles conditions. La présente thèse explore le processus de transition agroécologique dans un contexte de coopération au développement, afin de comprendre comment et pourquoi les adoptions et les adaptations d’innovations basées sur l’agroécologie ont un impact sur les moyens de subsistance des agriculteurs. Afin d’appréhender la complexité de l’agroécologie dans un contexte d’interventions de développement, l’étude est fondée sur un triple cadre conceptuel interdisciplinaire qui combine l'approche des moyens d'existence durables, l'approche agronomique de l’Agriculture Comparée et l’approche ECRIS (Enquête Collective Rapide d’Identification des Conflits et des Groupes Stratégiques) issue de l'anthropologie du développement. S'appuyant sur des recherches de terrain qualitatives approfondies dans la province de la Gnagna, incluant des entretiens semi-directifs avec quatre-vingt-dix agriculteurs et dix-huit acteurs-clés ainsi que de l’observation participante, la recherche montre l'écart entre le potentiel théorique de l'agroécologie et ses impacts réels sur les moyens de subsistance de diverses catégories d’agriculteurs.La thèse montre que les organisations de développement choisissent parmi les nombreuses interprétations de l'agroécologie, et ignorent souvent ses attributs de transdisciplinarité, de participation, de démarche ascendante et d’orientation vers l'action. Néanmoins, les résultats suggèrent que la promotion par l'ONG locale ARFA (Association pour la Recherche et la Formation en Agro-écologie) de techniques agricoles basées sur l'agroécologie a du sens dans le contexte régional de dégradation de l'environnement, et de moyens d’existence relativement faibles, de la plupart des agriculteurs :de manière générale, l'adoption de ces techniques a un impact positif sur les moyens d’existence des agriculteurs. Une analyse plus approfondie révèle toutefois comment les agriculteurs disposant des moyens d’existence les plus faibles – labour manuel, pas d’animaux, peu de force de travail, illettrés et vivant dans les ménages les plus démunis en termes d’habitation, de possession d’objets de consommation courante, de régime alimentaire en quantité et en qualité, ayant aussi un statut social bas et une faible influence – bénéficient le moins des programmes d’ARFA en fin de compte. Les agriculteurs un peu plus aisés constituent les membres principaux des groupements d’agriculteurs d’ARFA, qui servent de moyen pour diffuser les techniques agroécologiques promues. Ces techniques sont basées sur des connaissances traditionnelles d’agriculteurs d’autres régions ou pays, ce qui signifie que les agriculteurs « ciblés » par les programmes doivent acquérir de nouvelles connaissances, ainsi que du matériel et des intrants. L'étude montre qu’ARFA utilise les groupements d'agriculteurs comme des organes de diffusion apparemment neutres, sans prendre en compte les hiérarchies sociales et les relations de pouvoir structurelles au sein des groupements. Pourtant, les structures de pouvoir internes aux groupements décident quels membres ont accès au meilleur apport de connaissances par le biais de la participation à des champs écoles paysans, ainsi qu’au matériel distribué via les groupements. Les avantages liés à l’appartenance à de nouvelles structures organisationnelles - notamment sous la forme de capacités d’organisation renforcées, de nouvelles compétences sociales et en matière de communication - sont plus équitablement répartis. Mais, le déséquilibre entre les agriculteurs un peu plus aisés et les moins nantis demeure.En adoptant une perspective plus globale, l’étude démontre une nouvelle dépendance des agriculteurs induite par les programmes de développement agroécologique. Cette dépendance peut être considérée comme allant à l’encontre de l’appel de l’agroécologie à l’autonomie des agriculteurs. En outre, le passage de l’agroécologie à une échelle supérieure est réduit. Les résultats indiquent les limites de l'idée de propager de l'agroécologie dans les pays en développement sans une transition simultanée vers un système alimentaire mondial différent.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Samuel, Boris. "La production macroéconomique du réel : formalités et pouvoir au Burkina Faso, en Mauritanie et en Guadeloupe." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0057/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the exercise of power and its transformations, based on the observation of concrete operations of macroeconomic management in two African countries, Burkina Faso and Mauritania, and one Caribbean territory, Guadeloupe. Its approach involves a combination of anthropology, the sociology of quantification and the historical sociology of the political.The exercise of power rests on practices of economic management that are caught up in a network of relations. There are those who dangle the prospect of steering the economy in accordance with an instrumental logic; there are those turn formal procedures into tools for legitimizing current regimes; and there are those who turn macroeconomic management into the site of a struggle for access to resources. Macroeconomics has many meanings and lies at the centre of a wide-ranging ‘technocratic compromise’. In all three cases studied, the detailed observation of macroeconomic calculation shows that the technocratic ethos is crucial for an understanding of the exercise of power. Social and political struggles over education and the high cost of living, and debates on the illusory claims of reformism, place the numerical approach at the very heart of social and political relations. On the turbulent political scene in Mauritania, Guadeloupe and Burkina Faso, the objects of economic management are at work, guiding the actions of individuals and provoking protest. Indeed, macroeconomics is not just to be found in the office: it is part of the political repertoire of ordinary people. It is rooted both in the specific history of these societies and in the autonomous logics of technique and procedure
Carbonnel, Anna. "Engagement de la recherche agronomique dans l'action. Le cas d'une Recherche-Action en Partenariat au Cameroun." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839985.
Full textSongnaba-Yameogo, Alice. "Le rapport "Homme - Eau" dans le milieu rural en Afrique Subsaharienne : Formes, pratiques et modes d'usage de l'eau potable introduite dans la commune de Koubri au Burkina Faso." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080112.
Full textDurantel, Jean-Marc. "Le voyageur sans ombre : la représentation de la personne et de la mort chez les Moose du Wubritenga." Paris, EPHE, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997EPHE5009.
Full textLouis, Matthieu. "Ethnologie de l'aventure : pratiques contemporaines de la mobilité masculine et productions identitaires en Afrique de l'Ouest (Burkina Faso)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG039.
Full textEthnology of the adventure. Contemporary practices of male mobility and identity buildings in West Africa (Burkina Faso) – This PhD thesis features an ethnology of migratory phenomena in West Africa which promotes a study of the mobility locally called “adventure” as an anthropology of the uncertainty. The initial purpose was to grasp labile and roaming identities of migrants who refer to themselves as adventurers – identity branched to specific practices, desires and conceptions of the Elsewhere. In approaching as closely as possible the meaning of the speeches of the actors and the witnesses, in analyzing thick biographies of adventurers in order to reproduce the subjective dimension of their migratory experience, and in observing in vivo the social contexts and the crucibles of meanings where the desires of extroversion arise, we give to see and understand the adventurers’ uses of the Here and the Elsewhere, as well as their relationships to themselves, to others and to the world they generate. Contrary to the cliché painting migrations in the most miserable way, thus we unveil a philosophy of the mobility that makes us inclined to think the adventurer as a subject-author of his existence and the adventurism as an éthos and a ritual form of self-aestheticization, self-narrative, self-conquest and self-exposure
Surel-Meley, Marie. "Vivre avec un diabète au Burkina Faso : Pratiques de santé confrontées au modèle global d'autonomie du patient." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3112.
Full textThis PhD dissertation proposes to examine local conditions of the insertion of a model of self-management of chronic disease in the context of the emergence of diabetes as a public health problem in Burkina Faso. The reflection is based on an ethnographic corpus that includes stories of illness experience, observation of medical activities and care practices, as well as the singular experience of the anthropologist involved in a therapeutic quest for his host. A socio-anthropological approach of a bwa village (Dédougou area) characterizes the local food social space and identifies the cultural and social dimensions of health and disease. Historical and political insights are invited to think about the relationship between patients and the local health system. The modalities of construction and practical purposes of lay knowledge about diabetes are questioned. Therapeutic itineraries of patients reveal the perception of social risks related to individualized eating behaviors. A logic of "resourcefulness" can "manage" diabetes in a context of uncertainty that increases the prohibitive cost of treatment. The current limits of medicalization of diabetes are analyzed with respect to patients’ quality of life. This contextualisation suggests that the local application of the global project to empower patients produces the emergence of new issues at the heart of care relationship. The thesis opens a reflection on the articulation between local practices, global model, and the paradigm of care, understood in the perspective of improving patients’ lives
Hertrich, Véronique. "Dynamique démographique et changements familiaux en milieu rural africain : une étude chez les Bwa, au Mali." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010649.
Full textThis thesis looks at the changes occuring at the level of marital behaviour patterns and family structures during the demographic transition in the case of a rural african population. The study area consists of eight villages situated in the cercle de tominian in mali and inhabited by the bwa group. A specific data collection system was devised comprising several separate stages, in particular a life history survey and a nominative comparison of several successive censuses. Having established that the population is in the first stages of its demographic transition and after analysing the different components of population dynamics, we then identify the changes that point to an erosion of traditional marital frameworks by analysing marriage from different angles : timing of entry to union, marriage procedure prior to union, premarital pathways, polygamous unions, divorce. Lastly, an analysis of domestic groups over a period of 11 years reveals the importance of the family dunamics that lie beneath the formal stability of family units and the decisive role of emigration and family break-ups as mechanisms serving to regulate the size of family units in the pace of natural increase
Lallier, Christian. "L'autre et le regard caméra : Filmer le travail des relations sociales." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0244.
Full textHow can we observe and film a social interaction without the presence of the camera getting in the way of what we wish to represent precisely ? What place can occupe the « third-filming » in order that the persons observed pursue theirs argumentations as if she didn’t film ? In order to examine the conditions of this relation, between filming and filmed, it’ advisable to wonder at first about the subject itself of this recording : what does the observation filmed of a social situation produce a interpretable description ? To tell on a exchange between two or several individuals involve to represent what that mean and what make light of between the speakers engaged in conversation. Filmed the real world just suppose to attach oneself to work of sociales relations. The director of films don’t take one’s seat in front of the social scope like a spectator, but has to become accepted by the interaction itself, commiting himself in the situation considered as « filming-observateur »
Weiss, Gaëlle. "Création africaine et mondialisation : la collection Lebaudy-Griaule : quel rapport à la création ?" Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG063.
Full textThrough the example of Lebaudy-Griaule’s collection of the University of Strasbourg, this research tries to answer, according to an interdisciplinary approach, to interrogations related to the evolution of African creation, in our globalized context, and, particularly, in Burkina Faso, cultural area determined by the origin of the masks a-dunε koromba of our corpus. The first part consists of a historical exploitation of the collection to understand the conditions of collecting artifacts and the new values which they were invested by "decontextualization". The second part is the opportunity to document the artifacts of our corpus and analyze the evolution of traditional creation in situ. The third part focuses on the relationship between contemporary art and traditional African creation in the era of globalization
Wayack, Pambè Madeleine. "Genre, sexe du chef de ménage et scolarisation des enfants à Ouagadougou." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100186.
Full textThis thesis examines the mediating role of gender in the demand for child education in Ouagadougou. It specifically addresses the influence of women in the modification of educational inequalities within households. The research utilizes census data from 2006, data from a quantitative study on the involvement of fathers and mothers in education, and semi-structures interviews with female heads of household conducted in 2009, to elaborate on results often observed in sub-Saharan Africa that children are often better educated in female-headed households. The analysis deals primarily with sociological priorities of the status of the “female head of household” and examines the element that legitimizes them as a distinct category from male heads of household, creating a cohesive group. The study focuses then on the relationship between demand for schooling and the sex of the head of household as well as, the sex of children in relation to family status. The results demonstrate that regardless the status of the head of household, particular family configurations with structures headed by women provide a conducive environment for the education of children, especially for boys. A complex and ambiguous finding also emerged in regards to the schools of these households, which proved to be more harmful to the education of some girls as a result of unequal gender relations in society exacerbated by the need for domestic labor in urban families. This thesis sheds light on the potential for census data to provide a gender-based approach to family education strategies in urban Burkina Faso
Dabo, Aïssata. "L’égalité de l’homme et de la femme dans le mariage en Afrique noire francophone : Étude comparée des Codes des personnes et de la famille du Bénin, du Burkina Faso et du Mali." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0882/document.
Full textFrench-speaking black African countries have renewed their civil rights, on the basis of the French civil code resulting from the 1804 colonial legacy. The texts issued from the reform called “Codes of persons and family” were supposed to put an end to legal pluralism within private relationships, resulting from the coexistence between positive law, customary and religious rules, by the unification of family rights. It provides at the same time the opportunity to confirm marriage regulations within the legal law of international human’s rights, particularly about nuptiality. In this respect, equality of man and woman held the central place in statements of laws patterns. However, the rights of sexual equality moreover disadvantage women. Much more, the sectoral character of the legal approaches concerning the reduction of the inequality, compromises the transforming role of the right. Furthermore, some facts demonstrate that normative pluralism remains and that its impact is negative on the efficiency of the rules in force.When we compare the Codes of Benin, Burkina and Mali it reveals that in return of some new rights instituted in favor of woman, for example the unapplied professional autonomy, irreconcilable customs with human rights such as polygyny has been incorporated in republican rights. It follows that some African legislators are not significantly detached from traditions that contribute to the maintenance of woman legal and social condition. This situation calls for deep reform of family rights, as well as the implementation of a governmental action plan to achieve equality of sexes within marriage
Hazard, Benoit. "L' aventure des Bisa dans les ghettos de "l'Or rouge" (Burkina Faso-Italie) : trajectoire historique et recomposition des réseaux migratoires burkinabe dans la région des Pouilles." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0296.
Full textThis thesis describes the organization of migratory networks connecting the province of Boulgou (Burkina Faso) to Italy. Regarding the interactions between a local context, "bisaku", and the social group of "the sons of Italy", it questions a "travelling culture" by discussing, alternately, a framework proposed by the transnational studies and the network's analysis. Anchored on a multi-sited ethnography, it brings to light the redeployment of a circular migration within the frame of a transmigration operated from Ivory Coast towards Italy. This process leads to describe a local society through its multiple locations and more precisely through places representing an African Diaspora that the Burkinabé name as "ghetto". Altough Bisa perceives these camps of agricultural labourers as "etnoscape", the Mafia practices observed in the fields of tomatoes of the region of Pouilles, as that of the "caponeri" show that the agency of African do not resist to the orders of the local context
Amouzou-Glikpa, Amévor. "La crise de l'école élémentaire en Afrique de l'ouest francophone et les conditions de formation, de recrutement et de travail des enseignants : analyse des cas du Bénin, du Burkina Faso et du Togo." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL12009.
Full textThis research is aiming to look at the crisis in the primary school in French-speaking West Africa focusing on three countries: Benin, Burkina Faso and Togo. The crisis is marked by the progressive retreat of the government from the educational sphere and by the degradation of public education. New forms of schools have emerged with commercial tendency (secular private schools), religious aim (French-Arabic schools or "medersas"), as well as a great push of local initiatives schools (community or spontaneous schools). Through diversified methods of analysis, the study tried to determine the role of the teaching personnel in this crisis. Indeed, since the imposition of structural adjustment's plans in African countries by the financiers (World Bank and International Monetary Fund), budgetary constraints have led either te the reduction in the duration of teacher's training in some countries (Burkina Faso), or to the closure of professional schools with vocational formation of teachers (Togo, Benin). Following the observation of decline in the condition of teaching personnel (Ievel of training, hiring and work conditions, professional, symbolic and economic status), this study will show that it is essentially the commitment and the determination of the parents in the schooling and success of their children that are finally maintaining the educational system. So, it has been determined that the country of the study where the crisis seems most strongly pronounced (Togo) is the one whose rate of schooling remains nevertheless the highest. This shows that the more the educational system is failing, the more such a failure tends to be compensated by the determination and commitment of the parents in the schooling of their children. The research indexes for that purpose a new problem: the progressive decline of the educational level
Désalliers, Julie. "Approche ethnographique de l'utilisation des contraceptifs hormonaux en milieu rural sahélien, Burkina Faso." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7323.
Full textDauphin, Anyck. "Rationalité collective des ménages comportant plusieurs membres : résultats théoriques et applications au Burkina Faso /." 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=765818441&sid=28&Fmt=2&clientId=9268&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full text"Le développement de l'Église-Famille de Dieu au Burkina Faso : le cas de l'archidiocèse de Ouagadougou." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25815/25815.pdf.
Full textDugas, Marylène. "Prise en charge préventive-curative du paludisme : articulations entre quatre espaces éducationnels d'acquisition de compétences." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16939.
Full textBougma, Moussa. "Fécondité, réseaux familiaux et scolarisation des enfants en milieu urbain au Burkina Faso." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12609.
Full textLower fertility allows couples to invest more in each of their children’s schooling, a phenomenon that has been observed in Western rich countries, Asia and Latin America. This postulate is a key rationale of family planning policies in sub-Saharan Africa. Yet most studies on Africa have found no correlation or even a positive relationship between the number of children in a family and their educational attainment. These mixed results are usually explained by African family solidarity and resource transfers that might reduce pressures on household resources occasioned by many births, and methodological problems that have afflicted much research on the region. The main objective of this thesis was to contribute to a better understanding of the methodological and substantive aspects relating the links between fertility and schooling. Specifically, the thesis has assessed 1) the role of family networks in the schooling of children, 2) simultaneous decisions on the number of children and their education, 3) the causal impact of the number of children on their schooling and 4) parents' perceptions on the school and the costs and benefits of child schooling and how these perceptions are taken into account in their reproductive strategies. Four articles were written from four complementary sources of data: the Ouagadougou population Observatory (OPO), the Demtrend survey, the Baseline Health Survey and a qualitative survey; all of these surveys are based on the OPO study population. In the first article, the results show that large families receive more support of family networks for schooling than small families. In addition, family networks would be able to offset the negative effect of a high number of children on schooling, but only for a part of the population that excludes the poorest. Thus, the family solidarity for the schooling is far from universal. The results of the second article show that children whose mothers intentionally limited their fertility have better schooling than those with subfecund mothers who could not attain their desired family size. Therefore, fertility is not independent to schooling aspirations; the assumption of natural fertility is not tenable in this context. The third article show, in contrast to most prior studies on sub-Saharan Africa, a net negative effect of sibship size on the level of schooling achieved by children, one that grows stronger as they progress through the educational system. In the fourth article, the discourse of respondents collected by a qualitative survey indicate that the emergence of this negative relationship between the number of children and their schooling in the outskirts of Ouagadougou is closely linked to perceived changes in the costs and benefits of children's schooling. In present day Ouagadougou, school expenses appear to fall almost exclusively to biological parents.
Lessard-Bérubé, Stéphanie. "Chanter le développement au Burkina Faso : ethnographie de la rencontre entre deux champs d'action." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6069.
Full textIn the urban context of Burkina Faso, music and songs with a message for social education have become an intersection for traditionnal social practice, news cultural economies and participative development programs. This practice responds to specific local and international issues. As a common resource of social and artistic communication, music represents a strategic resource for musicians and local associations. For the former, we can discuss the role of the musician in contemporary society, between impoverisation and globalization. For the latter, music and songs with a message for social education are an innovative approach of Information, Éducation et Communication pour la santé (IEC/santé) and Communication pour le Changement de Comportement (CCC). In this research, we present the diverse levels of collaboration between musicians artist and local associations working in the healthcare sector in Burkina Faso. The ethnography presents the particular sphere of each group and analyzes the social negociations that results from their encounter. The research question proposed here falls between cultural studies and the study of social change. Hence, the chain of creation-production-diffusion commoditization allows us to study the history of complex concepts such as culture and developpement in a particular setting in Frenchspeaking West Africa.
Paré, Marie-Eve. "L’institutionnalisation de la migration masculine chez les Mossi : une étude d’un changement socioculturel au Burkina Faso." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4079.
Full textFor the past hundred years, the Mossi of Burkina Faso have evolved with labor migration. Between the force labor of the colonial era and the current migratory currents, labor migration has become a veritable institution for the Mossi. It has imposed itself as the de-facto solution to the cultural disruption of a market economy, the degradation of their environment and their internal tensions. An entire system of norms has evolved from this phenomenon and continues to encourage and perpetuate this behavior. This integration into their lifestyle has had the side effect of diminishing the gerontocracy and patriarchal nature of their society, resulting in instability with their traditional social organization. Based on the anthropological method of social change, this dissertation proposes a local and diachronic study of the transformations caused by the labor migration process. It explains how the migration has institutionalized itself, what the consequences are on the power structure and what innovations; resistances and cultural mediations have been created. As such, the labor migrations that were intended to be the response to the Mossi society’s social and economic crisis have become, through its institutionalization, the prime cause of this very crisis.