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1

Impiglia, Alfredo, and Phoebe Lewis. "COMBATTING FOOD INSECURITY AND RURAL POVERTY THROUGH ENHANCING SMALL-SCALE FAMILY FARMING IN THE NEAR EAST AND NORTH AFRICA." New Medit 18, no. 1 (2019): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30682/nm1901n.

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The Near East North Africa (NENA) region is exposed to a series of interconnected challenges that impede agriculture and therefore food security and poverty reduction. The economic growth rate in the NENA region has stagnated at two percent per year since 1990. Meanwhile, unemployment rates remain high, especially amongst youth with 28.2 percent unemployment in the Middle East and 30.5 percent in North Africa. These trends present challenges for the region, especially given its high population growth rate, which is above the global average, at 2 percent per year compared with 1.2 percent globa
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Bhandari, Medani P. "Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture, a Case Study of Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan." SocioEconomic Challenges 5, no. 2 (2021): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/sec.5(2).35-48.2021.

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Climate change raises the risk on food security, alters the cropping pattern, and secondly, it also plays the triggering role to widen inequality. The South Asian region is home to nearly half of the poor and malnourished population of the world. In South Asia — Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan encounter similar climate induced changes though they differ in their socio-political, economic, and cultural conditions. The physiological population densities (farming population per unit of agricultural land) suggest that these countries belong to the threat zone in terms of climate change impa
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Chaudhary, Phanindra Kumar, and Rajan Binayek Pasa. "Agriculture Education for Rural Development in Nepal." Journal of Training and Development 1 (July 31, 2015): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jtd.v1i0.13089.

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This paper appraises the possible importance of accessible agriculture education program in agriculture and rural development sectors. Rural development is a strategy for reducing poverty and uplift socio-economic infrastructures in rural areas especially through agriculture development which is almost impossible without proper management of agriculture graduates and trained farmers. An attempt is also made to examine the transformative role of responsible public and private mechanism, skilled farmers and agriculture graduates for achieving ultimate goals and objectives of agricultural policie
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4

Li, Zihan, Yazhen Gong, and Kevin Z. Chen. "Energy use and rural poverty: empirical evidence from potato farmers in northern China." China Agricultural Economic Review 11, no. 2 (2019): 280–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-02-2018-0040.

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Purpose Rising energy expenditures due to more intensive use of energy in modern agriculture and increasing energy prices may affect rural households’ agricultural incomes, particularly the incomes of the rural poor in developing countries. However, the exact link between energy costs and income among the rural poor needs further empirical investigation. The purpose of this paper is to develop a deeper understanding of the relationship between energy use and family income, using household-level panel data collected from 500 potato farmers in a poor region of Northern China, where eliminating p
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Negrete, Jaime Cuauhtémoc. "Proposed Spray System for Family Agriculture with A Remote-Controlled UAV (Small Drone or Helicopter) and An Economical Sprinkler." Journal of Agronomy Research 3, no. 1 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-20-3283.

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In the country, food production is more compromised every day, despite zero efforts and government, agricultural and livestock sector, causing poverty, migration, marginalization among other social disorders in addition to food insecurity. In Mexico 34% of the population is engaged in agricultural tasks, with very small land areas. The fact that 85% of do not have more than 5 ha of arable land, and that among them, 90% do not reach 3 ha clearly indicates their great need for light machinery .The solution to these problems family farmers are provided with affordable technologies to increase the
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Minani, Bonaventure, Déo-Guide Rurema, and Philippe Lebailly. "Rural resilience and the role of social capital among farmers in Kirundo province, Northern Burundi." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 7, no. 2-3 (2013): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2013/2-3/20.

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In Burundi, more than 90% of the active population is engaged in family agriculture, which plays a vital role in food production and constitutes more than 50% of the GDP. Before the civil war of 1993, Kirundo was deemed the “breadbasket of the country”, as the region fed many parts of Burundi through growing particular foods such as legumes and cereals. Family farming was market-oriented. Kirundo alone includes 8 lakes which offer opportunities for field irrigation. Today, this region is the first province in Burundi which shows a high rate of malnutrition, as poverty has increased and a sharp
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7

Wijaya, Arbain Agus, Munawar Ismail, and Arif Hoetoro. "KEPUTUSAN INDIVIDU USIA KERJA UNTUK BERMIGRASI: BUKTI DARI DATA LONGITUDINAL DI JAWA TIMUR." Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia 14, no. 1 (2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jki.v14i1.362.

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Migration is not only limited because of the driving and pulling factors from the area of origin and destination. Individual socio-economic factors are important factors that determine the decision to migrate. This study aims to analyze the influence of individual socio-economic factors on migration in East Java Province. The panel data used are longitudinal data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS)-4 and the IFLS-5. In this study, the individual social factors consisted of age, sex, education, marital status, family size, and residence characteristics. Moreover, the individual econom
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8

Hejase, Ale J., Israa Hamie, and Hussin J. Hejase. "The Gender Wage Gap within the Agricultural Sector: A Case from South Lebanon." Journal of Business Theory and Practice 8, no. 4 (2020): p32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jbtp.v8n4p32.

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Agriculture is considered an important energizer of a country’s economic growth and poverty alleviation efforts. However, this sector is underperforming especially in developing countries in part because women, who are often a crucial human resource in agriculture and the rural economy, face difficulties that reduce their productivity and their effective involvement. This paper sheds light on the gender pay gap in Lebanon, in general, and the agriculture sector of South Lebanon, in particular. Exploratory quantitative analysis is applied using a convenient sample of 385 agricultural employees
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Aransiola, Temidayo James, and Marcelo Justus. "Evolution of child labor rate in Brazilian states: policy limits and contradictions." Economia e Sociedade 29, no. 1 (2020): 273–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-3533.2020v29n1art10.

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Abstract This study descriptively explores the evolution of child labor rates in Brazilian states from 2000 to 2014 and indicates specific limits and contradictions of governmental measures adopted for its reduction. On one hand, we examine the coverage of the Bolsa Família conditional cash transfer (PBF), which is a transversal program to reduce poverty. On the other hand, we examine the design of Labor Inspections with a focus on child labor. For this, we used data from the National Household Sample Survey, the Ministry of Social Development and the Ministry of Labor and Employment. Our anal
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Ria, Sunjina Noor, Khandaker Md Mostafizur Rahman, Mohammad Mujaffar Hossain, and Md Shihab Rana. "Measuring food and nutrition security of enclave people of Kurigram district in Bangladesh." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 17, no. 4 (2019): 574–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v17i4.44628.

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This study aims at assessing and analyzing the core food security indicators to enhance food and nutrition security of enclave people. A survey was conducted using structured questionnaire covering 120 households. Primary data were collected during July to December 2018. Middle aged persons are found to be the heads of households, average age is 48.87 years, family size is 4.38 persons, average education of household’s head is 3.55 years of schooling and dependency ratio is 0.67. The total value of family assets before enclave exchange was BDT 124752 and after enclave exchange it becomes BDT 1
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Ymeri, Prespa, Arben Musliu, Jehona Shkodra, Iliriana Miftari, and Csaba Fogarassy. "Analysis of income determinants among rural households in Kosovo." Society and Economy 42, no. 4 (2020): 442–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/204.2020.00021.

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AbstractKosovo is one of the poorest countries in Europe, despite the various poverty alleviation programs implemented by the authorities and the international funding community. This study aims to analyze income distribution inequality and factors behind rural households' poverty in Kosovo. Data on farm income, nonfarm income, unearned income, and socio-economic characteristics were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire from 203 randomly selected households in Kosovo. Linear regression, one-way ANOVA, and different versions of poverty indexes were used to examine the data. One-quart
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Petesch, Patti, and Lone Badstue. "Gender Norms and Poverty Dynamics in 32 Villages of South Asia." International Journal of Community Well-Being 3, no. 3 (2019): 289–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42413-019-00047-5.

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AbstractThe poverty dynamics of a community, and the social arrangements and opportunities that shape these dynamics, constitute important dimensions of well-being. This paper explores local understandings of and experiences with moving out of poverty and with remaining poor by employing the concept of gender norms, or the various social rules that differentiate women’s and men’s roles and conducts in society. The data demonstrate regularities in the influence of restrictive gender norms on understandings of poverty transitions, as well as how these norms are negotiated and bend to accommodate
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Cimpoies, Liliana, and Elena Semionova. "Farms Typologies and Their Impact on the Development of Rural Areas in Moldova." “Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings 1, no. 1 (2018): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0028.

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Abstract For Moldova’s agriculture are characterized the existence of many small family farms and only a small number of corporate holdings (limited liabilities companies, agricultural production cooperatives etc). Most of individual farms, small by size produce only for own family consumption and cannot find their way to the market place. The accentuated poverty makes rural economy to flow more and more to a natural subsistence economy, isolating itself from the market economy. The goal of this paper is to delimitate different types of farms based on selected indicators and to appreciate thei
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14

Sitinjak, Wahyunita. "The Solution for Narrow Land Agriculture to Obtain Profit in Deli Tua, Indonesia." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 1, no. 4 (2018): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v1i4.129.

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Rural poverty is influenced by the level of education of the head of the family, mastery of the base of the land area, and natural conditions (agricultural land). Likewise, in this study of 'Analysis of the Factors Causing Poor Farmers' Revenues in Deli Tua District', it is assumed that farm household income is influenced by factors of education of the head of household, extent of land tenure, access to financial institutions, existence of alternative business and family dependents. The purpose of this thesis research is; (I) to find out whether the extent of land tenure, education level, numb
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15

Castillo Santa María, Bessy, Bertha Nancy Larico Quispe, and Rubén Andrés Moreno Sotomayor. "Integration of women in agriculture in Cañete - Peru [Integración de la mujer en la agricultura en Cañete, Perú]." Journal of Sciences and Engineering 4, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32829/sej.v4i1.126.

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Women's work in the countryside is of great importance because it contributes to the economy of their people and their families from vulnerable areas, which require more attention from different institutions to improve their quality of life. The objective of this research is to determine the integration of the workforce of women in agriculture, through a questionnaire and semi-structured questions to women leaders dedicated to the agricultural sector and women workers who work in the field from the districts Imperial and Quilmana. As a result, the great growth potential of women and their cont
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16

Asriani, Putri Suci, and Yessilia Osira. "Poverty Alleviation Through The Role Of Women’s Social Capital." Journal of Agri Socio-Economics and Business 1, no. 1 (2019): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jaseb.1.1.39-44.

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Position and role between men and women according to cultural context is the caused unbalance gender role of husband and wife function. Many cases of female subordinate are being caused women to between and trapped in family discomfort, because women personally need of psychosocial and physical are not fulfilled. Some intellectual potential women will have been able to optimize the potential quality of their human resources for a career and occupation an important position as a public leader. However, because of the dominance of her husband or the system in this situational society does not pe
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17

Muljono, Pudji, Sarwititi Sarwoprasojo Agung, and Mintarti Bachtiar. "Developing Posdaya for Family Empowerment." KOMUNITAS: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture 7, no. 1 (2015): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/komunitas.v7i1.3334.

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This study aims to explore the role of Posdaya in creating an ideal and harmonious of family. Poverty, changes in consumer lifestyle and weakening of the meaning of family, have the potential to encourage domestic violence and human trafficking. This study used a participatory action research approach (PAR) for the development of family-based model of empowerment throught local institutions of Posdaya. The pilot project was conducted in Posdaya Jaya Kencana, Pabean Udik Village, Indramayu District, Indramayu Regency (fishermen communities) and in Posdaya Eka Mandiri, Cihideung Udik Village, Ci
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18

Regmi, Hem Raj, Kedar Rijal, Ganesh Raj Joshi, Ramesh P. Sapkota, and Sridhar Thapa. "Factors Influencing Food Insecurity in Nepal." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 24, no. 2 (2019): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v24i2.27253.

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Nepal has been persistently encountering food insecurity and under-nutrition. It is therefore utmost important to determine the factors responsible for influencing food insecurity in Nepal. This study examines the factors determining food insecurity in Nepal applying binary logistic models for food poverty, household with inadequate food consumption and poor dietary diversity using data from Nepal Living Standard Survey 2010/11. Food security was determined to be strongly associated with education level and age of household head, household with higher female education level, larger farm size w
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19

Sapkota, Kanhaiya. "Seasonal labour migration and livelihood in the middle hill of Nepal: Reflections from Arghakhanchi District." Research Nepal Journal of Development Studies 1, no. 1 (2018): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/rnjds.v1i1.21273.

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People’s livelihood in the villages of the middle hill of Nepal are based on farming system. The relationship between climate change and seasonal labor migration in the middle hill areas is a relatively understudied research topic, particularly from an empirical point of view. This article aims at contributing to the literature by analyzing the relationship between livelihoods and human mobility in two rural communities located in the Province 5, Arghakhanchi district, Nepal. Traditional rain-fed agriculture is the most important economic activity in the area. This article highlights differenc
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Kuswaryan, Sondi, Cecep Firmansyah, and Muhammad Hasan Hadiana. "Usaha Ternak Domba sebagai Jalur Keluar dari Kemiskinan Buruh Tani di Perdesaan." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis 7, no. 3 (2020): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jitro.v7i3.11396.

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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kemungkinan usaha ternak domba sebagai aktivitas nafkah untuk pengentasan kemiskinan, serta menentukan jumlah kepemilikan domba yang dapat membawa rumah tangga buruh tani keluar dari kemiskinan. Survey telah dilakukan di Desa Walangsari Kecamatan Kalapanunggal Kabupaten Sukabumi, melibatkan rumah tangga buruh tani miskin sebanyak 65 orang dan 22 orang tidak miskin. Faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kemiskinan dianalisis menggunakan model regresi logistik biner, sedangkan jumlah kepemilikan domba yang harus dipelihara untuk keluar dari kemiskina
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Patnaik, Utsa. "The social reproduction of labour in the context of the work of women: Past and present." Studies in People's History 7, no. 2 (2020): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2348448920967895.

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After the primary role that Gordon Childe assigned to women in prehistory in both the beginnings of agriculture and cattle-domestication, women have been placed at an inferior position in both the realms of production and consumption. Even when they were employed in factories after the Industrial Revolution, they were paid much lower wages than men workers. As Marx pointed out, however, wages have to cover the entire family expenses, and, on this count, wage-levels in colonial countries, even after ‘decolonisation’, have not reached appropriate levels. In colonial India, owing both to tribute
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Sarker, JR, S. Akhter, and M. Jahan. "Credit Facilities in Groundnut Production and its Impact on Poverty Reduction- A Farm Level Survey in Mymensingh District." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 8, no. 2 (2016): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v8i2.26866.

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A study was conducted to determine the poverty and credit facilities of groundnut producers and profitability and resource use efficiency of groundnut production in the selected char areas of Gaffargaon upazila in Mymensingh district. In this study, 100 respondents were randomly selected from the mentioned upazila. Farmers were classified into three categories on the basis of loan size. Cobb-Douglas production function was used to determine the contribution of factors to groundnut yield. It is evident from the study that per acre net returns were greatly influenced by the use of human labour,
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Nooteboom, Gerben. "Understanding the Nature of Rural Change: The Benefits of Migration and the (Re)creation of Precarity for Men and Women in Rural Central Java, Indonesia." TRaNS: Trans -Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia 7, no. 1 (2019): 113–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/trn.2019.3.

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AbstractDuring the last two decades, rural-urban migration and government programs have improved livelihood conditions in Javanese villages and brought down levels of poverty considerably. This article, based on two extended surveys in nine villages in Central Java, aims to understand the nature of change in rural Java by focusing on gender and precarity. As a result of migration, old forms of precarity have not completely disappeared: Families without children, elderly and people unable to work continue to live precarious lives. For those who work in the cities, dependence on single-source, l
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Simelton, Elisabeth, Tuan Minh Duong, and Ella Houzer. "When the “Strong Arms” Leave the Farms—Migration, Gender Roles and Risk Reduction in Vietnam." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (2021): 4081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13074081.

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For many family farms, migration is one strategy for reducing poverty and vulnerability to both natural hazards and economic risk. While more men typically migrate to work, the implications of this on the household are inconclusive, especially for the women who remain on the farms. This study employs a gender lens to examine the effects of economically driven migration on household decision-making, farm labor and disaster risk reduction, focusing on two disaster-prone regions with high poverty rates in Vietnam: Dien Bien (Northwest) and Ha Tinh (North Central Coast) provinces. Surveys of 228 h
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Patel, Ramya Ranjan, and Deepak K. Mishra. "Agrarian Transformation and Changing Labour Relations in Kalahandi, Odisha." Journal of South Asian Development 14, no. 3 (2019): 314–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973174119889831.

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Examining the changes in production relations in one of the poorest rainfed belts in India, this study, based on field surveys in eight villages in Kalahandi and Nuapada districts of Odisha, unravels the complexities of the transition in agriculture. The introduction of irrigation has resulted in, an increase in yield, wage rates and labour-use per hectare. Comparison between the irrigated and the non-irrigated villages also suggest a drastic reduction in poverty and distress seasonal out-migration. The average household income in the irrigated villages turns out to be more than three times th
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Străteanu, Amalia-Gianina, and Mihai Liviu Enache. "The Influence of Environmental and Social Factors on Agricultural Biodiversity and Food Security." Annals ”Valahia” University of Targoviste - Agriculture 11, no. 2 (2017): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agr-2017-0022.

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Abstract In accordance with fundamental rights and freedoms, everyone has the right to social security (Article 22) and to a standard of living that ensures his/her health and well-being and that of his/her family, this being materialized, among other things, through access to food (Article 25). The importance of food security is recognized in the international response to climate change and reflected in the context of global security. Food security is the primary objective of every nation and entire human community. The global food crisis and food insecurity at worldwide level has a continuou
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Hlatshwayo, Simphiwe Innocentia, Mjabuliseni Ngidi, Temitope Ojo, Albert Thembinkosi Modi, Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi, and Rob Slotow. "A Typology of the Level of Market Participation among Smallholder Farmers in South Africa: Limpopo and Mpumalanga Provinces." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (2021): 7699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147699.

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Smallholder farmers face several challenges that limit their access to markets and prevent them from taking advantage of market opportunities. This study sought to provide observed information on households’ involvement in the output market and to analyse the determinants of the level of market participation among smallholder farmers in South Africa. Data (secondary) for this study were collected from a total of 1520 respondents who were selected through stratified random sampling. Descriptive statistics, t-test and a double-hurdle model were used to analyse factors influencing smallholder far
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Wetengere, Kitojo. "IS TANZANIA’S ECONOMIC GROWTH PRO-POOR?" International Journal of Advanced Economics 1, no. 1 (2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijae.v1i1.42.

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The objective of this study was to investigate if the Tanzania’s economic growth is pro-poor or not. The information for this study was obtained from secondary data. The study found that for the 1991/91 - 2007 period, while economic growth made a notable positive change, reduction in poverty and inequality has not been significant. This was because the growth of the economy was driven by capital intensive sectors which were unable to absorb a good number of job seeker nor did they provide markets for the agriculture produce. In contrast, for the 2007 - 2011/12 period, poverty and inequality de
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Nicolay, Gian L. "Understanding and Changing Farming, Food & Fiber Systems. The Organic Cotton Case in Mali and West Africa." Open Agriculture 4, no. 1 (2019): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2019-0008.

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Abstract Science should be capable of covering issues as diverse as farming systems, technology, innovation, climate change adaptation, poverty alleviation, extension, policy and practice, as they all relate to sustainable agriculture and development. Some years ago, the call for a new farming systems approach was raised to accommodate the principles of interdisciplinary, systems thinking and participatory research. Society calls for systems performance that provides stability and sustainability (SDGs!), multi-scale and territorial approaches and looks for solutions for critical issues such as
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Paraguassu-Chaves, Carlos Alberto, Osvaldo dos Anjos, Allan Kardec Duailibe Barros Filho, et al. "Family farming and sustainable rural development." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 9 (2020): 369–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss9.2648.

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The struggle for a fair distribution of land consolidated social movements and put pressure on the Brazilian government to carry out agrarian reform. The government allocated rural workers to the settlements and created programs to strengthen family farming. The global concern with the sustainability of the planet has led scholars to think that family farming is an alternative for the reduction of poverty and for the preservation of the environment. Based on this principle, the objective of this study was to analyze whether family farming used in the family units of the Joana Darc III settleme
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Tatum, W. Jeffrey. "The Poverty of the Claudii Pulchri: Varro,De Re Rustica3.6.1–2." Classical Quarterly 42, no. 1 (1992): 190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800042683.

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‘In historical composition’, said Samuel Johnson, ‘all the greatest powers of the human mind are quiescent’. Perhaps so, but even if the historian must appear dull and plodding next to his more profound and shimmering brethren, the philologists and – of course – the literary critics, still he must be granted at least one virtue in plenty and that virtue is scepticism. Especially nowadays. While not quite yet ready to surrender his province to the meta-historians (who, not much believing in facts, have no real use for scepticism anyway), the historian continues diligently to scrutinize his sour
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Murakami, Kentaro, and M. Barbara E. Livingstone. "Prevalence and characteristics of misreporting of energy intake in US adults: NHANES 2003–2012." British Journal of Nutrition 114, no. 8 (2015): 1294–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515002706.

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AbstractUsing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2012, we investigated the prevalence and characteristics of under-reporting and over-reporting of energy intake (EI) among 19 693 US adults ≥20 years of age. For the assessment of EI, two 24-h dietary recalls were conducted using the US Department of Agriculture Automated Multiple-Pass Method. Under-reporters, acceptable reporters and over-reporters of EI were identified by two methods based on the 95 % confidence limits: (1) for agreement between the ratio of EI to BMR and a physical activity level for
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Paudyal, Narayan Prasad. "Social Status and Livelihood Strategies in Rural Area: A Case Study of Sinurjoda VDC, Dhanusha." Third Pole: Journal of Geography Education 17 (May 23, 2018): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ttp.v17i0.19985.

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Sustainable livelihood is an integrated and holistic concept particularly for addressing poverty. This paper highlights the copping livelihood strategies in Sinurjoda Village Development Committee of Dhanusha district basing the social status of local people. The study is based on primary and secondary sources of data. Qualitative and quantitative methods have been used to analyze the information. The findings of the study apparently revel that due to illiteracy, high family size, deep rooted blind belief on religion and local language, people in the study area do not hold good status in the V
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Singh, N. K., and Kshitij Parmar. "A study on factors responsible for rural urban migration." International Journal of Agricultural Invention 5, no. 02 (2020): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.46492/ijai/2020.5.2.8.

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Rural India is yet a larder of problems like malnourishment, illiteracy, unemployment, poverty, sottishness and lack of basic infrastructure like schools/colleges, hospitals, sanitation, etc. This has pushed to rural youth moving out of villages to work in cities. Present study entitled “A study on factors responsible for rural urban migration” was conducted to explore the causes behind migration. The study was conducted in two industrially backward districts of Uttar Pradesh viz. Fatehpur and Banda. From each district one block, from each block four villages and from each village 10 responden
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Csoma, Z. "Obituary: Pál Kozma (1920-2004)." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 52, no. 1 (2004): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.52.2004.1.14.

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Pál Kozma, a scientist famous throughout Europe for his work on vines, was born into a poor peasant family in the small village of Gyulaháza in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County in Eastern Hungary on 11 July 1920. Despite his thirst for knowledge, he was obliged to interrupt his studies on several occasions due to the poverty of his family, and it was not until 1947 that he finally graduated from the University of Agriculture with a first class honours degree in agriculture, specialising in horticulture and vine-growing. The following year he obtained his teaching diploma, again with first-class h
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PUHAGAN, EDWIN M. "Farming Practices and Knowledge in Vegetable-Growing Farms: An Economic Survey in Three Years Farming." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 8 - August 5, no. 8 (2020): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20aug017.

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This study conducted based on the issues of local agriculture economic capabilities of the small farmers distributed among municipalities of Tawi-Tawi with its aim of providing feedback with regard to socioeconomic of local vegetable farmers during farm operation periods in 2016 up to 2019. It collected several indicators of socioeconomic that are deem products of vegetable farming framework and focused on the following specific problems: What is the socioeconomic profile among local vegetable farmers in terms of the following indicators such as, age, civil status, family members, household, t
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Reetsch, Kapp, Feger, Schwärzel, and Dornack. "Transforming Degraded Smallholder Farmland into Multi-Functional Land Use Systems: A Case Study From Tanzania." Proceedings 30, no. 1 (2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019030016.

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In our research, we have studied smallholder farmers in degraded farming systems in Northwest Tanzania and have compared them with farm households who were trained in sustainable land management by a local Farmer Field School. Both groups of farmers were affected by severe environmental degradation and poor soil fertility, but trained farmers have transformed degraded farmland into fertile, multi-functional land use systems. In this presentation, we discuss the successes and failures of both groups of farmers and draw conclusions towards restoring degraded land use systems. Farmers without tra
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Umunnakwe, VC, and FO Olajide Adedamola. "Socio-personal correlates of participation in livelihood activities among rural youth in Jabalpur district of Madhya pradesh, India." International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology 5, no. 1 (2015): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v5i1.24584.

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The increasing realization of the negative political, social and economic consequences stemming from the precariousness of youth’s livelihoods, underscores the need to understand their livelihood activities, which is a requisite for curbing social ills and reducing rural poverty. The paper examined the participation of rural youth in livelihood activities, their socio-personal characteristics, the relationship between their socio-personal characteristics and their participation in livelihood activities as well as the interrelationships among their socio-personal characteristics. Multi-stage ra
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39

Kaiwar, Vasant. "The Colonial State, Capital and the Peasantry in Bombay Presidency." Modern Asian Studies 28, no. 4 (1994): 793–832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00012543.

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AbstractDespite the commodification of land and labor in colonial Bombay Presidency, capitalism and its associated dynamic (modern economic growth via innovation, specialization, and so on resulting in the improved productiveness of labor) did not, by and large, develop.The colonial state reformed the property structure, bringing the notion of a single owner for each property, ending the overlapping property rights of the pre-colonial regimes. Capital was freely deployed to make profits of alienation, if not profits of enterprise. Yet, small-scale family-labor farms continued as the backbone o
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Kim, Chungmann, and Peter Goldsmith. "The Economics of the Soy Kit as an Appropriate Household Technology for Food Entrepreneurs." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 42, no. 1 (2021): 104–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572120981183.

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Background: The ability for women to operate as food entrepreneurs presents opportunities to leverage at-home production technologies that not only support family nutrition but also generate income. To these ends, the Feed the Future Malawi Agriculture Diversification Activity recently launched a development project involving a new technology, the Soy Kit. The Activity, a USAID (United States Agency for International Development) funded effort, sought to improve nutrition utilizing an underutilized local and highly nutritious feedstuff, soybean, through a woman’s entrepreneurship scheme. Objec
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Worung, Verro Stevanus Tampun, Charles R. Ngangi, and Ellen G. Tangkere. "PARTISIPASI TENAGA KERJA WANITA DI USAHA BUNGA POTONG DI KELURAHAN KAKASKASEN II, KECAMATAN TOMOHON UTARA, KOTA TOMOHON." AGRI-SOSIOEKONOMI 12, no. 1 (2016): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35791/agrsosek.12.1.2016.11373.

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In this era of globalization, many efforts have done in order to earn money for the family. Efforts in agriculture be one choice of families and communities. In general, the development has opened up opportunities for women to engage in various businesses in the agricultural sector which has been dominated by men. The purpose of this study was to determine the participation of women owners or workers in the cut flower business in Kakaskasen II Village, North Tomohon sub district, Tomohon. The study lasted for 3 months, namely in November 2015 until January 2016, ranging from research preparati
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Thị Tuyết Vân, Phan. "Education as a breaker of poverty: a critical perspective." Papers of Social Pedagogy 7, no. 2 (2018): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.8049.

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This paper aims to portray the overall picture of poverty in the world and mentions the key solution to overcome poverty from a critical perspective. The data and figures were quoted from a number of researchers and organizations in the field of poverty around the world. Simultaneously, the information strengthens the correlations among poverty and lack of education. Only appropriate philosophies of education can improve the country’s socio-economic conditions and contribute to effective solutions to worldwide poverty. In the 21st century, despite the rapid development of science and technolog
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Murakami, Kentaro, and M. Barbara E. Livingstone. "Prevalence and characteristics of misreporting of energy intake in US children and adolescents: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2012." British Journal of Nutrition 115, no. 2 (2015): 294–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515004304.

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AbstractUsing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2012, we investigated the prevalence and characteristics of under- and over-reporting of energy intake (EI) among 14 044 US children and adolescents aged 2–19 years. For the assessment of EI, two 24-h dietary recalls were conducted with the use of the US Department of Agriculture Automated Multiple-Pass Method. Under-, plausible and over-reporters of EI were identified using two methods: based on the 95 % confidence limits (1) for agreement between the ratio of EI:BMR and a physical activity level for se
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Morton, Suzanne, Alanna Moshfegh, and Donna Rhodes. "Convenience Store Contribution to Adults’ Dietary Intake - What We Eat In America, NHANES, 2013–2016." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 1459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_087.

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Abstract Objectives Convenience stores account for a small but growing percentage of household packaged food purchases. This research describes the contribution of convenience stores to U.S. adult food and beverage consumption and energy intake. Methods The study included nationally representative data from 9861 adults, 20+ years old (excluding pregnant/lactating women), participating in What We Eat in America, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2016. Dietary intake data, obtained from an in-person 24-hour recall, were collected using an interviewer-administered 5-step USDA
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Rhodes, Donna, Suzanne Morton, and Alanna Moshfegh. "Convenience Stores: Source of Food/Beverages Among Children, What We Eat in America, NHANES, 2015–2018." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab053_079.

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Abstract Objectives Food and beverage sales in convenience stores have increased over the past several years. This research presents results on convenience stores as a source of food and beverage consumption among U.S. children. Methods The study included nationally representative data from 5,281 children age 2–19 years participating in the What We Eat in America, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2018. Dietary intake data, obtained from an in-person 24-hour recall, were collected using an interviewer-administered 5-step USDA Automated Multiple-Pass Method. For each food/be
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Hendrawati, Hendrawati. "Kecenderungan Masyarakat Desa Tertinggal Terhadap Kebutuhan Informasi." Jurnal Penelitian Pers dan Komunikasi Pembangunan 20, no. 2 (2017): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.46426/jp2kp.v20i2.55.

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The aims of society on underdeveloped villages research is to know the tendency about information needed and information seeking in underdeveloped area. The research location was on underdeveloped area in South Borneo which are Barito Kuala and Hulu Sungai Utara purposely selected. Respondents amount on each county defined as many as 120 individuals with proportional random sampling area method. The result shows that base information has tendency interesting and needed most on underdeveloped respondents are health, education, and food information that related with real needed by underdeveloped
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Tatsumi, Kazuko. "THE SHIFT FROM THE RURAL LIVELIHOOD IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM TO A MOVEMENT IN JAPAN." Journal of Asian Rural Studies 5, no. 2 (2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jars.v5i2.2969.

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Rural communities have long endured poverty, and they continue to tackle the problems of depopulation, a declining birth rate, and an aging population in Japan. Some rural communities face a crisis of survival. The question of this study are how sustainable communities in rural areas are being created. This study examine the process by which rural women have transformed the Livelihood Improvement Program (LIP) into a movement. The process was to expand rural women’s activities to enable them to play an active role in their family, women’s groups, and their community. This expansion reflects th
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Farooq, T. H., N. P. Gautam, M. H. U. Rashid, et al. "Contributions of Agroforestry on Socio-economic Conditions of Farmers in Central Punjab, Pakistan – A Case Study." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 51, no. 2 (2018): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cerce-2018-0020.

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Abstract Agroforerstry (AF) in the farmlands of Punjab (Pakistan) is a tradition, but it was practiced without any proper methodology. From last few years, AF practices have become popular in Punjab. Especially in the rural areas woody biomass is being used as a major source of energy. The study was designed to examine the contributions of AF on the socio-economic conditions of the farmers in the central Punjab of Pakistan. District Chiniot was selected as the universe of study and a detailed survey was conducted in the three tehsiles by interviewing 150 randomly selected farmers with the use
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Wiyono, Joko. "Konsep Organisasi dan Manajemen dari Sudut Pandang Islam serta Implementasinya." JEBDEER: Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business Development and Economic Educations Research 2, no. 1 (2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32616/jbr.v2i1.232.

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The principles of the Qur'an and the Prophet's recipe provide guidance to Muslims. In the first six centuries, their commercial activities and family affairs led to the Islamic Golden Age, in which knowledge, commerce, industry, agriculture, and complex organizational construction flourished. . Work and creativity are respected in many forms. Industry and trade are regulated by companies or labor unions. Companies have enormous social benefits. They maintain work standards and prevent fraudulent competition, thereby ensure a friendly society based on religious and moral grounds, and provide me
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Akpan, Sunday B., Inimfon V. Patrick, and Amina Amama. "Level of Income Inequality and Determinants of Poverty Incidence among Youth Farmers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria." Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 5 (2016): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v9n5p162.

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The prevalence of poverty among youths engaged in agricultural production is partly responsible for increase in agricultural diversification and rural-urban migration among other social vices in developing societies. To help generate suitable policies in order to tackle this rampaging issue, the study specifically analyzes poverty and income inequality as well as identified determinants of poverty among youths involved in agricultural production in the rural areas of Akwa Ibom State located in southern Nigeria. Data were collected from 300 youths spread across the rural areas of the State. Com
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